#hardware-archived

1 messages · Page 62 of 1

slim lagoon
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Eh, then give them a shot and see what happens… worse comes to worse, they become e-waste.

turbid raft
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all my stuff i bought is tuya

gray latch
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my condolences

turbid raft
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what😭

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what’s so bad abt it

turbid raft
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i’ve got a bunch of power strips with open usbs in them anyways

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may as well just chuck em in there

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currently got temp/humidity sensors + water leak sensor + door sensors coming in the next couple weeks

slim lagoon
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Yup. I think if you’re already using Tuya kit, they can’t hurt. But, generally Tuya is just crap in terms of stability and standards.

turbid raft
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and some esp8266 board to make the ductless ac units smart

gray latch
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they give you power monitoring and control for an outlet AND a zigbee repeater

turbid raft
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i’m going to ikea today for other stuff so i’ll pick up their smart plug

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just to have more redundancy

turbid raft
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oh i’m US

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i was originally thinking of getting esp32s for a temp sensor but for the price the tuya was prebuilt and $1 more lol

slim lagoon
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Ah, gotcha. Then, those TR plugs are really good.

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I have 9 of them (with 3 sitting in a box).

turbid raft
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lol

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any recs for cameras for HA?

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not rlly happy with my blink doorbell camera

slim lagoon
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I use reolinks.

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POE ones are good, but the IR on them kinda sucks.

turbid raft
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yeah i’m just looking for wifi cause i have good signal all over my house

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mesh routers really are amazing

slim lagoon
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This is my WiFi Reolink doorbell camera:

turbid raft
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oh damn

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that’s p good

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thinking of this for front / back

slim lagoon
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Yup. Those are good. Plus, the HA integration is solid too.

turbid raft
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sick

slim lagoon
turbid raft
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will do, thanks!

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i love this community

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idk how i didn’t look for this sooner google assistant is so bad compared to this

gray latch
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i also use reolinks, but PoE all of them

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my doorbell cam

gloomy spoke
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your house has...a house

turbid raft
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is there a house inside that house

gray latch
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do you mean the little house shaped mailbox?

turbid raft
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yes

gloomy spoke
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it's like no mailbox that I've ever seen

gray latch
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it needs to be rebuilt. an ex of my sweetie's built it very poorly and it hasn't held up well

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but she saw one in Little Women (1994) and wanted it

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it's on my list for this coming winter, as long as I can get the basement workshop configured to let me use the laser when I can't have all of the windows open

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it's a scale model of the actual house, so that part is cool, but it was built by an idiot who apparently had only ever done modeling for grade school dioramas

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(sorry idiot, if you're lurking here. not your wheelhouse.)

quasi spindle
slim lagoon
quasi spindle
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Just wanted to make sure these are the good ones to have

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I think I am going to replace my TP-Link ones because I have too many wifi devices

slim lagoon
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Yup. They’re solid. Just make sure to update the firmware to the latest.

quasi spindle
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oh how do I do that?

slim lagoon
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When you pair them with ZHA or Z2M, they will check for firmware updates. It’s as easy as pressing a button.

jagged crypt
slim lagoon
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Yeah, if OTA is enabled (which honestly it should be by default, but isn’t).

gray latch
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Oh wait, is that about the plugs? Discord is jumping me to a camera link

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I have 8 of those plug/outlet/whatever you want to call them

quasi spindle
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I'm not using ZHA I still have a smart things hub

gray latch
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I use zigbee2mqtt

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That offers firmware updates by default

slim lagoon
glacial oracle
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I think it does, at least for some

full frost
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Anyone here with an Ecowitt Wittboy weatherstation?

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Im looking for something that continuously measures lux values to run some light automations. Suggestions are welcome

potent patio
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Does anyone have a zigbee switch by General Electric?

potent patio
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This is what im looking at. Because i have a 20 dollars gift card lol

native pilot
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I have some of the zwave ones. They’ve been fine for me— most people here won’t recommend them.

proper viper
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Since I have integrated sonoff lan to my HA my sonoff plugs SA-003 keep disconnecting from wifi or switch off randomly. All the other basic switches that i use for lampshades work ok, no issues. Any idea what is happening pls?

potent patio
turbid raft
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for people with zigbee around there house, any sensors or devices that you’ve bought that you’d recommend?

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have some lights + repeaters and door/water sensors rn but wondering if there’s something else i could be missing

visual pelican
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If anyone is avalible, I am at a loss as to how to resolve this "update for firmware" I keep having show up in HA for a specific Z-wave in-wall receptacle. I click the update it looks like it's installing and then next day I go into HA and look it still shows a firmware update for the exact same z-wave receptacle.

slim lagoon
turbid raft
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yeah it’s meant to be open ended, just wondering if people have anything they find particularly useful

turbid raft
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actually i probably should connect my level lock to home assistant

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need to look into that

slim lagoon
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I love my cutain motors, tbh. Opens in the morning, closes if the temp goes above 85F (I have blackout curtains) and in pretty much every room.

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Basically, my whole goal is to have the house as reactive as possible. I don't like pushing buttons or switches or using a dashboard if I can avoid it.

slim lagoon
slim lagoon
olive jetty
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Hey, I am looking for something that could boost or extend my wi-fi signal but i can't plug an Ethernet wire to it, is there anything like that like a device that would connect to my existing wi-fi connection and extend it only with power?

golden thorn
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There are those dreaded devices called WiFi repeater or WiFi bosster.

sudden mango
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Apollo Air-1, Air Gradient, AirThings any feedback on how they compare to each other?

glacial oracle
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id avoid airthings but for the other two it mainly seems to come down to which sensors they used and wether or not the price is right

slim lagoon
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My vote is for Apollo, but I don't have the AIR-1. But I do have their other sensors.

rose rain
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I hope this is the right place to ask this...I have an Inovelli switch that has no neutral wire, and when I installed it, the light was flickering while the switch was off. I was told I need to get a bypass.

It got here today, but I don't see instructions on how to install it. The included instructions are about a "nano dimmer". And I don't see instructions on Inovelli's website.

I'm probably missing something simple, but can anyone point me in the right direction?

sudden mango
rose rain
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The instructions for the dimmer mention connecting it to the live and neutral wires at the light fixture. Maybe it's that simple, but it has a whole diagram about the dimmer so I wasn't sure

slim lagoon
sudden mango
slim lagoon
sudden mango
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I probably should grab a couple of their presence sensors while I am at it then.

slim lagoon
sudden mango
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I wouldn't mind doing my kitchen lights, we generally keep them on 24/7 so we can see if we go down at night.

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I'm trying to figure out what things I should automate, I really don't have the need to do lights everywhere as I usually keep them off

slim lagoon
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With presence sensors placed somewhere near a traffic area, you could only have them come on when you are approaching or in the kitchen. You can then have them turn off again when no one is detected for say 5 minutes or something. There's LOTS of things you can do.

sudden mango
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Can't you do that with simple motion sensor switches?

slim lagoon
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Sure, but PIR motion sensors require continuous movement. mmWave presence sensors use radar and don't require continuous movement.

sudden mango
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is it worth getting msr-1 on discount or the msr2 much better option?

slim lagoon
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Honestly, the 1 is fine. When you get used to it, then spriing for the 2. They are pretty much the same with some subtle differences.

sudden mango
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price wise they are the same (except for the temp 15% discount) and if I am ordering new, I might as well get the newer one no?

slim lagoon
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Not if you're just starting out. The 2 has an expansion slot (which I doubt you would use, but maybe) and some updated sensors for humidity and pressure. The 1 is really all you need and you can get them on discount.

sudden mango
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Where can I get them on discount outside of the temporary memorial day 15% off

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for 15% off, I'd just rather have the latest

tacit burrow
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There's very very little difference and even the "old" one is under a year old

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I've got a MSR-1 I'm a wally

sudden mango
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the msr tracks vtocs?

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What is the advantage of the air-1 then, I just ordered some

cold moon
tacit burrow
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Ahh true. Ignore me 🙂

limber elm
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Hello there! New to the HA ecosystem, and looking for a bit of feedback on potentially replacing some of my existing smart devices. I'm US based, trying to keep things on a lower end of a budget or at the least look at swapping parts out as finances are available.

I'm running HA Container (Docker) with Hue as the main integration, but also HACS to get access to Meross and Cync integration.

One of the odd things that I have is a thing I can do because of Meross' cloud feature, and something I'd like to continue if possible. Most devices are in my home, but I have a few Meross switches and a temp/humidity sensor (more on that later) at my sister's house that I can manage from home (since HA is just doing API pushes or whatever to Meross). I'd like to maintain this feature, even if their devices are showing up on my home dashboard

The temp/humidity sensor is one of my issues. I have one at each house, made by Govee. I see that I have an integration for Govee, but it requires a bluetooth connection in HA, which means even if I put a dongle on the server, it'll only pick up the one at my house.

So ... Q1: Is there a good recommendation for a WiFi enabled temp/humidity sensor that could cloud sync into HA from a second home? I'm hoping to avoid the ESP -> BT dongle process suggested in the docs

Second question is about the Cync switch that I have. It's connection is a bit shoddy, and HA doesn't seem to poll it's current state very well. Everything I've read before suggests it's because GE isn't implementing Zigbee protocols properly, and until this morning I didn't even realize HACS had an integration

That brings me into Q2: What's a good recommendation for a no-neutral dimmer switch (older rental) that could connect through a Philips Hue/Samsung SmartThings/WiFi?

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Eventually I still need to learn the Eufy integration, but it seems like it wants me to unpair my base station from Eufy's servers first

sudden mango
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Govee vs Aqara for humidity sensor? I'm looking for one to put in my 3d printer, I ordered Apollo Air-1 for the environment, but need a more accurate puck size one for inside. my printer

limber elm
sudden mango
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I was planning on something like this:

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Right now I have one of those cheap rectangle dumb humidity sensors

limber elm
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Ironically at my sister's house we're looking at the other way around. Tropical plant grow tent, so we want higher humidity and temp, which eventually might be able to be controlled with smart switches. Might have to look at that dry box design for when I get my printers working again

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oh ... that's specific for Bambu ... never mind. I have Prusa and Ender

sudden mango
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Yes, it's for the AMS, I have 3 in there now, but the middle one has a simple humidity sensor

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like this

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I just glance at the front to see what it is at

tacit burrow
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Tropical Plant riiiiiiiiight 🙂

limber elm
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actually, seriously. And that's the problem. All the grow tent guides we're finding are for weed

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and I think it would be easier than what we're dealing with

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I swear, it's cheaper for us to just buy it than grow it

acoustic yoke
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I am trying to use a wiring diagram I found online to control a motor to open and close my window. Unfortunately, Dr ZZs that wrote this it was five years ago and they have not replied to of my messages. So I'm guessing what to do with this problem.

The D1 mini does a good job controlling the motor turning it one way or the other. That's not a problem. The problem comes in with a reed switch that goes to ground when the window is closed and then shuts off the motor. The wiring diagram has it on GPIO2 - D4. From reading everything I can find it says that if this pin is grounded, it won't boot. Which is exactly the case. I also found an article that said put a 330 K ohm resistor from 3V3 to D4 but that doesn't help.

I have guessed and now tried to reconfigure the YAML to use D7 or D6 (GPIO12 or 13). That kind of works. If I bring it high (rather than to ground) by applying 3V the pin will toggle on and off in Home assistant, but when I turn it off it flashes like anywhere between 3 to 6 times off on off on off on. So I'm guessing it doesn't really want to do that.

So what do you do with a D1 mini? Am I using the wrong device for these days? Should I use a different device? I don't understand how the person that wrote this originally had it working great for them but for me, it doesn't work. Other than five years have gone by and devices change I assume.

So what is the end result? Should this work? Do I have a bad board or something? Should I try a different board? If so, which one?

What pins should I be able to use and go to ground to indicate an off on situation like the reed switch?

native pilot
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for the Apollo mmWave sensors, does anyone know how wide the detection area is? Is it < 160*?

slim lagoon
native pilot
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Ok, so it basically requires corner placement to cover an entire room then

slim lagoon
native pilot
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Roger Roger

terse pebble
native pilot
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😂

maiden abyss
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How can i check or adjust ethernet duplex speed of the network card within my minipc running haos?

golden thorn
maiden abyss
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Its stuck at 100mbps

slim lagoon
# maiden abyss Its stuck at 100mbps

Nearly every modern device will auto negotiate the duplex speed. If it’s not, chances are that your switch is set to 10/100 or your Ethernet port/adapter has an issue.

glacial oracle
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Don't forget to try different cables

maiden abyss
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I have checked those, and replaced the cable with a cat6 s/ftp

slim lagoon
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Did you try a different port on the switch? I’ve seen individual ports get stuck before.

glacial oracle
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Some also have an eco mode that lowers the speed based on various criteria

maiden abyss
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Ill have to try, does haOS have a ecomode?

glacial oracle
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This has nothing to do with haos

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It's a protocol feature of the network interface

slim lagoon
maiden abyss
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An letsung intel minipc

slim lagoon
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Check your BIOS and see if the NIC is set to 10/100 or eco. If there’s even a setting for the latter. Otherwise, I’d see if there is a BIOS update available and/or reach out to their support.

maiden abyss
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Thankyou will do

turbid raft
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Anyone know if its possible to reset the eeprom of an esp8266 manually (no computer)

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Think I might have bricked one but the light still comes on and it shows up in device manager, just when I try to reset using any of the tools I've tried it doesn't detect a device on the COM port

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If its any help the device also gets insanely hot when connected to my computer over usb

slim lagoon
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Probably dead, but ask in #diy-archived They might have some ideas.

turbid raft
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damn

limber elm
winged knoll
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Just trying to follow up real quick if

grand vigil
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Looking for suggestions for a non cloud thermo stat.
I love eco bee but I hate how HASS only operates via cloud.
I hate that I can only get motion on HK.
Been looking at honey well systems so I can use dampeners in my ducks for zoning purposes. But when I look on integrations I see that honey well has a cloud symbol just like ecobee.
Goal is to localize thermostat control.
Any help is greatly appreciated!

outer knotBOT
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Looking for advice about a device to buy? Remember to provide guidance on:

  • Which country you're in
  • What your budget is
  • What protocols you prefer (eg Zigbee, WiFi, Z-Wave)
  • Any features you want (such as power monitoring, dimming, etc)
graceful marten
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I am making a project on smart homes using home assistant, and have made a picture card model of my house with programmed switches to turn on lights. I was planning to buy smart bulbs for each light, but realised it would be too expensive to get so many. I want to test it out by buying just one bulb.

Do you guys have any bulb recommendations that can be bought individually and connect directly to HA without having to buy a bridge/ spend money on subscriptions. Thanks

winged knoll
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See the bot message above your post

graceful marten
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Hello guys, I want to buy a bulb for my smarthome. These are the main conditions:
-Connects to HomeAssistant easily
-Doesn't require a bridge to work, can connect to HomeAssistant directly
-Less than £15 (My country is UK)
-WiFi connectivity

Which bulbs do you guys use and which do you recommend? Thanks in advance.

winged knoll
deft copper
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Came across this conversation in a search. I was considering trying out a Zigbee sensor or two, and naturally I started looking at Aliexpress. You're saying it's worth it to pay more for Aqara on Amazon?

winged knoll
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They're saying don't buy Tuya

deft copper
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What about Sonoff, though?

winged knoll
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Eh... the Sonoff Zigbee stuff can also be crap

slim lagoon
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Yeah... avoid Tuya if at all possible. Especially if you are starting out.

winged knoll
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Don't buy: Tuya, Sonoff, Osram's Zigbee 1.2 stuff

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Do buy: Hue, Innr, Gledopto, Tradfri, Xiaomi, 3Reality

deft copper
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Not starting out, per se. Been using HA for quite a while now, but mostly wifi and ZWave devices. This is my first foray into zigbee in planning for my new house

slim lagoon
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Do buy: Hue, Innr, Gledopto, Tradfri, Xiaomi, 3Reality
(And Aqara, which is really just rebranded Xiaomi, but still)...

deft copper
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(And yes, very familiar with Tuya, and I hate them 😂)

winged knoll
deft copper
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What Zigbee stick would you guys recommend?

slim lagoon
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Yeah, but they never state that on the packaging 😉

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There's actually one in stock right now.

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(And you thought I didn't listen to you, Tinkerer 😛 )

cold moon
deft copper
winged knoll
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EFR32 MGM24 coordinators are the current way to go

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They're proving to be able to handle meshes with hundreds of devices without any problems

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Other good chips top out in the 100-150 range typically

hardy willow
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Hey all! Looking for a solution to make the main overhead lights and fan work through automation/app control. Took the cover off this switch area on my wall, which I found is just essentially two individual double switches behind one large plate.

Any ideas for a single product that I could configure in place of this? I don't care about the aesthetic if it would look clunky in this spot without a perfect plate to cover it up.

I'm in a temporary house with very high ceilings for a few months so swapping in smart bulbs is a huge pain, if I can avoid it right now.

native pilot
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maybe look at the fan switches from inovelli for the fan/light control.

outer knotBOT
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@hardy willow Looking for advice about a device to buy? Remember to provide guidance on:

  • Which country you're in
  • What your budget is
  • What protocols you prefer (eg Zigbee, WiFi, Z-Wave)
  • Any features you want (such as power monitoring, dimming, etc)
fervent girder
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Plugwise Circle no-stick use?

jolly jasper
jolly jasper
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That's not what I'd consider cheap for this use by any means

winged knoll
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What does cheap mean for you then?

jolly jasper
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Preferably under 100, It's not going to be used for anything but HA

winged knoll
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100 what?

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This is a big world, not everybody uses your currency

jolly jasper
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That's fair, I assumed it was obviously if I linked a US website 😛

thick shadow
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Is it possible to wire a shelly in a way that doesn't require a double press on the manual switch to turn it back on if I turn it off on the shelly?

outer crane
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the firetablet is cheap but good

fringe crater
outer crane
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cheap tablets are very laggy

thick shadow
fringe crater
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through their web interface at least. I don't know what options show up in hass.

outer crane
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you could get an older tablet with better performance

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@jolly jasper

thick shadow
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oh, I only connected it to my wifi via their app. Didn't know it has a web interface. Thanks for the info 😄

jolly jasper
thick shadow
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I was starting to have second doubts about this and was about to trade the 10+ shellys with individual smart wall switches 😄

outer crane
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an older premium tablet

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I don't have good experiences with cheap tablets

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and it depends on your expectations

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my expectation is ... the fire max 11 is cheap but good 🙂

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and i hate laggy stuff

jolly jasper
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Understandable, my main expectation is just that it runs >okay< in HA, I more than likely won't do anything else on it. Maybe, just maybe, a browser from time to time, but more than likely I'll use other devices for absolutely everything

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so my expectation is just as cheap as possible for an okay experience, not horrible, not amazing

outer crane
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I'm excited and look forward to your experience... if you share it with us

tidal reef
jolly jasper
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There's a fire HD 10 refurbished for 80$, wonder if that's worth it

river olive
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I'm working on replacing my current thermostat(a nonprogrammable honeywell) with a custom thermostat that uses an esp8266, dht22, and several relays to control my HVAC single stage heat and cool system. my thermostat currently has 4 wires
Yellow, Green, White, Red. R and Rc are connected via jumper in the thermostat. the thermostat is currently battery powered.
When I pull the thermostat off the wall and use a wire to connect red and white, I turn the furnace on, red and green turns the fan on. and red and yellow causes sparks. yellow to green does nothing, yellow to white turns the furnace on. I used a multimeter to check connectivity and resistance of the thermostat when set to turn the AC system on and it connects rc, yellow and green. I replicate that and sparks fly. Any ideas?

tidal reef
tribal zodiac
#

hey! total beginner here. I was looking at moving my plex server to a rackmounted nas I was going to build running unraid. what is best practice for running home assistant, is running it as a vm or container on unraid best practice should I look at installing it on a seperate device like a yellow or nuc/mini pc device

glacial oracle
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its mostly a "what fits your needs" kinda thing
virtualized as haos or as container within docker are both recommended

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allocating a dedicated system for it can make sense for reliability reasons but thats not really a must have

tribal zodiac
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got it. that makes sense. I just took delivery of a 37u rack and am adding a bunch of ubiquiti gear. I was thinking of adding a storage server running unraid that could handle everything from my plex server to vms, to home assistant

cold moon
slim lagoon
tribal zodiac
slim lagoon
slim lagoon
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BUT, I would still opt for a mini PC over the Yellow simply because you could load Proxmox (or docker) on a mini PC and use it for other things besides HA.

tribal zodiac
slim lagoon
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Sounds like a plan 🙂

tribal zodiac
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I appreciate all of your help @slim lagoon @cold moon @glacial oracle

cold moon
tribal zodiac
tacit burrow
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Or used office mini pc. Cheap and powerful

slim lagoon
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Or a used rack-mounted Dell R720... but that's not really "mini". 😉

tribal zodiac
slim lagoon
tribal zodiac
slim lagoon
tribal zodiac
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hence why I was looking at the r420

slim lagoon
tribal zodiac
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Ya I picked it up for $250 local. Couldn't pass it up

tribal zodiac
slim lagoon
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That's a fantastic price really... I'm getting to the point where I need to get a second rack soon... sigh

tribal zodiac
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I would send it your way if it wasnt such a pain to ship haha

slim lagoon
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lmao... I appreciate it... but all my stuff (aside from my Unifi gear) is 30"+.

tribal zodiac
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Gotcha haha

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I'm just using this for unifi gear as well and a unraid storage server and this machine for ha

tribal zodiac
tacit burrow
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That’s why I ditched my servers for minipcs, too much power, which is expensive

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And noise

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Depends if those matter for you

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Vs $100 mini pc (9500t with 16gb and a ssd)

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But those are less expandable too

tribal zodiac
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I think a s12 might be the way to go then

cold moon
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the older used mini pcs on ebay are cool too but if you have the extra $ the n100 are nice

tribal zodiac
cold moon
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the 500gb 16gb ram model?

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it goes down to like $150 at best

tribal zodiac
cold moon
cold moon
tribal zodiac
cold moon
#

https://helper-scripts.com/ you can install adguard or pihole as a second instance which is nice in case your server needs to go down for maintenance

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@acoustic ice dude the new website is impressive

acoustic ice
tacit burrow
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Or even 6500t

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Better usb and wifi and a little faster chip I guess

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But they’re all overkill for a couple vms anyway 🙂

cold moon
tacit burrow
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Ok. I guess if you’re doing ai or video analysis or crypto that might matter 🙂

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I’m cheap 🙂

cold moon
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but guys have said 9 frigate cams on the n100 igpu and there's still lots of juice left

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plus the new gen are even more efficient for whatever that's worth lol

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i helped a guy replace an 8th gen laptop with an n100 beelink like i linked above and he loves it

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he has it connected to two 4k monitors running smooth

tacit burrow
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Nice. For a desktop 100%

cold moon
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i was really impresed

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i told him yolo if you dont like it return it

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a week later he was still loving it

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plus it comes with win11 pre-installed so it's perfect for that use case

tacit burrow
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I think the newest box in my house is 2019 MacBook 🙂

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Agree. DIY is for us geeks

cold moon
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used mini pcs need to be cheaper on ebay imo

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then i'd suggest them

cold moon
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damn you tim apple!

patent river
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And it looks like the 2015 model is when they removed the feature that let you use it as just a display

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Actually that might also depend on it being able to boot. Doubly useless

tacit burrow
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Does it fail at Apple logo? Or just freeze. There’s a key you can hold to get boot menu and pick usb

potent patio
#

Is there a good table lamp led to use as status indicator?

tacit burrow
#

@patent river might be worth diagnosing a little further, I think mine is a ~2015 5K 27" one, which boots linux OK.

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but apparently they're a pain to work on, so I haven't replaced the fusion ssd+hdd with a modern ssd

tacit burrow
#

So broadly similar to a 7500t. With better tdp

compact gale
#

A major difference between the two is that the N100 only supports single channel memory, which realistically might be a limiting factor on expansion. Whether that's something you care about is your call, though

#

Since the price of a 1x32/1x64GB kit of RAM is broadly equivalent to a 2x16GB/2x32GB kit, last I checked

golden thorn
tacit burrow
fervent girder
# cold moon i have a 2015 imac i got for free that boots to an apple logo and i cant really ...
stray crescent
#

does anyone have recommendations for turning a dumb amp+speakers setup smart? ideally so I can expose them in Spotify Connect and Google Home. I've heard of Music Assistant 2.0, so that might be helpful in some way, but I'm still unsure about hardware. thanks

glacial oracle
#

That would entirely depend on the amp wether or not it can be remote controlled

#

Else getting it to be may be pricy

jolly jasper
#

For similar prices would you guys get a fire hd 10 plus (2021) or a galaxy tab a8 10.5 (2022 3gb ram) (that being around 60-70$ usd)
Or the 4gb/64gb version for 90usd

fervent girder
#

Just to use a a smart home controller? I would think it's easier to get home assistant on the tab

slim lagoon
jolly jasper
jolly jasper
slim lagoon
fervent girder
cold moon
cold moon
slim lagoon
#

I saw some complaints about kiosk mode on the 2021 versions too with the latest FireOS.

jolly jasper
#

Yeah, and if I'm buying used it more than likely is updated already 😔

cold moon
#

i have a 2021 version with fully kiosk setup but i dont really use it

#

so idk if it's having issues

#

the 2021 is able to be unfucked with the fire toolbox tho

#

it's the newer gen that the fire toolbox has limited success on iirc

fervent girder
cold moon
#

ya i was disappointed i couldnt easily buy a board off ebay when searching

#

but i think i also need to buy a suction cup to even disassemble it

#

and i generally dont like working with such breakable things lol

radiant bramble
#

question about esp32 + relay

vestal folio
#

Can someone help me?
I would like to run Home Assistant, but can't virtualize it, because Linux doesn't like creating a bridge in WiFi (no Ethernet available, studenthousing), so I can't virtualize HAOS. What would be the best way to install Home Assistant?

gloomy spoke
#

if you can't dedicate a machine to running HAOS, then a container install would be the next best.

#

and "a machine" can simply be a Raspberry Pi, if that's all you can manage

patent river
#

Likely problem there would be assuming multiple devices are allowed on the WiFi, there'll probably be client isolation and they won't be able to connect to each other.
You could use an Ethernet cable between the PC and Pi and set up routing on the PC, but that's adding perhaps inappropriately high quantity of jank.
Using a travel router as the WiFi client and plugging your devices into it is always an option in those situations, but those sort of establishment can also get pissy if you make your own WiFi network too, necessary to disable broadcasting and make sure it's only operating as a client.

#

For what it's worth, I like these: https://www.gl-inet.com/products/gl-axt1800/ (have the older AC model).
Supports wireless client mode as its WAN interfaces (and just NATs out it in the normal manner).

Slate AX (GL-AXT1800) is our first Wi-Fi 6 travel router comes with 1800Mbps combined wireless speed. Subscribe to our newsletter to receive latest product update!

tacit burrow
#

I don't know about that one in particular, but using a wifi->eth system would probably make stuff way more reliable.

fresh crest
#

Hey everyone, anyone have any suggestions on an IF/RF remote control that intergrates smoothly in to home assitant - I currently have a tuya one but it is only showing the device as unspported along with all my roller shutters connected to it

turbid raft
#

Is it worth getting an esp32-s3 over a regular esp32?

limpid pelican
#

Hello, anyone here from Scotland that might know or have scottish law required fire alarms (wired and battery) interconnected that work with HA via Wifi/Z-ware? I've been researching for quite some time but can't find any good brands that comply and work with HA. There's First Alert that ticks all the boxes but they are Canada / US based and work with 120V for wired power.

magic island
#

Hi there, I have a question about VLAN. Where is better to post it?

dense lintel
#

Is it possible to add 2 extra hard drives to home assistant? I added a data drive, and now I'm using Frigate and would like to save those videos to another hard drive

glacial oracle
#

could any of you running opendtu confirm that the relative limit is relative to the max output and not the current output power?

slate flicker
#

Hello, I am new to Home assistant. I have Kasa hub for Kasa thermostats, how can I integrate this into Home assistant?

ionic anvil
#

My house water pressure is too high and I want to install a pressure regulator, figure I should also get a smart water meter while I am at it....any recommendations?

glacial oracle
#

not sure about actually smart water meters (maybe something with p1? if that exists), but something that is compatible with a reader like the homewizard watermeter may be better

#

if it acts up or fails those are easy to change

limber elm
#

Have a bit of an oddball question but does anybody have recommendations on inexpensive zigbee capable wall switch for US with no neutral required? Looking through the search I see aquara which is a little more expensive than I would be hoping to use. It doesn't need to be anything fancy because the use case is turning on and off a fluorescent light in my kitchen so there's no dimming functionality or anything, just looking for remote on off

jagged crypt
#

sonoff zbmini-L2 ?

limber elm
#

Uncertain. Does that work on US outlets? The other issue that I could see is some of the other switches in my apartment don't have much clearance in the gang box and I'm not entirely certain how well I can fit a relay and a switch

jagged crypt
#

I have a couple, haven't installed them, bought them from amazon USA

#

and if you scroll down, 120-240 50/60hz 6amp max

limber elm
#

Thank you, that's a lot better on the price. Now I just need to see if I have room in the outlet box to mount it

fading herald
#

Looking to add a zigbee dongle .. either skyconnect or SONOFF's. I know that multiprotocol is not supported at this time. Couple questions ..

The skyconnect can be moved to thread and support devices on a threat network. I do not see anything that suggests that the SONOFF can be configured to support thread. Can it?

If you wanted thread (and matter over thread) AND support zigbee only devices .. could you use two of these? one on Thread one remaining on Zigbee?

jagged crypt
#

sonoff-e and skyconnect use same chipset at the base. You can run multiple devices, with some caveats, I'll let someone else answer specifically on thread vs zigbee (but I'm pretty sure you can run zha on one and z2m on another for example). At the cost of the skyconnect or sonoff sticks, I wouldn't try to purchase for future proofing, just ease of use "now".

turbid raft
#

Wondering if replacing the whole switch with a smart switch versus just popping one of those behind it would be better

#

Since one thing i’m not sure of is if the switch is flipped manually, will the light still turn on and register as on in the network? or if it’s flipped off and is already on does flipping the switch turn it off again or will it just swap state

tough frost
#

garage door opener in aus?

wouldn't mind zigbee since I have a zigbee setup already

runic tinsel
sterile crow
#

What’s a good Uk esphome smart plug? I’ve seen people recommend the athom one but also others say there no good. Just debating whether it’s cheaper to get an esphome or a ikea one for £10

prime verge
#

What are you guys using to measure the water level from a cistern?

golden thorn
#

I use a VL53L1X for oil.

prime verge
#

But thanks for that tip

timid raptor
#

is there any chance to have the Intel BE200 / BE202 iwlwifi and intel Bluetooth firmware added to HASSOS? it looks pretty well baked. I got the iwlwifi running for the BE200 by putting iwlwifi-gl-c0-fm-c0-83.ucode and iwlwifi-gl-c0-fm-c0.pnvm into /lib/firmware/updates -> /mnt/data/supervisor/firmware and rmmod iwlwifi and modprobe iwlwifi, but I am unable to rmmod bnep / bluetooth after I copied ibt-0291-0291.ddc and ibt-0291-0291.sfi into that same directory because rmmod said that bnep is in use by 2 things not listed by lsmod. I tried copying the iwlwifi and the intel bluetooth firmware into /lib/firmware and /lib/firmware/intel respectivly but the partition is mounted read only and I can't seem to remount it read/write

timid raptor
#

I am happy to work in whatever the appropriate channels and do create pull requests or whatever, I do not expect anyone to do this for me, cool! thanks!

turbid raft
#

or if they’re just devices that connect to the network

slim lagoon
north star
#

Anyone have a recommendation for a PoE Android wall tablet ? I bought https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/Embedded-Quad-core-8-inch-Android_1600525878492.html in September 2022, but now after about 8 hours the network is dying. Also looking for something a bit more powerful than a RK3566 and a bigger screen. The RK3566 is severely underpowered. Don't want anything with a battery in it / USB-C/microUSB on the side.

turbid raft
slim lagoon
turbid raft
#

oh

#

that’s a valid point

#

any recs for similar products then?

slim lagoon
#

Shelly relays are really good and well supported. Aqara relays are also good as are the Sonoff ones.

north star
slim lagoon
turbid raft
#

thank you!!!

#

i appreciate the warning about non name brand lol

slim lagoon
#

Anytime 🙂

north star
slim lagoon
#

Enshitification is a real thing unfortunately. 😦

turbid raft
timid raptor
# golden thorn <https://github.com/home-assistant/operating-system/issues/new/choose>
slim lagoon
golden thorn
#

Hard to read your message in a code block @timid raptor.

turbid raft
#

yeah thats what i was thinking lol

slim lagoon
# turbid raft yeah thats what i was thinking lol

I prefer Amazon just because of the return policy (and speed of shipping). But aside from that, as long as the seller on Ali is using official Aqara/Sonoff equipment (kind of a crap shoot from what I hear), it should be fine.

turbid raft
#

hmmm ok

#

ill just buy 2 since im buying a few first to do a test run then if its good ill reorder

#

its so much cheaper that even if one is busted it saves money anyways

slim lagoon
#

True, just be careful is really the best advice I can give.

turbid raft
#

yeah def will, ty!

#

If it says it works as a zigbee end device, that means it works as an extender right

#

just wanna double check

slim lagoon
#

Nope. The L2 is a non-neutral relay. So, it's an end device and not a routing device.

turbid raft
#

ohhh that’s what end device means

#

i see

#

so only relays that have neutral can work as a network extender?

slim lagoon
#

Generally speaking, yeah. Typically, a routing device has constant power (either via being plugged in or by requiring a neutral wire for constant power). There are exceptions to this (like Sengled bulbs).

turbid raft
slim lagoon
turbid raft
#

In that case the T1 should be as well (?)

slim lagoon
#

Yup. IIRC, the T1 requires a neutral too.

turbid raft
#

damn aqara lowkey expensive lol

slim lagoon
#

True, but imho, worth it. Of all the devices I've had over the years, my Aqara ones have been the most solid (aside from my Hue bulbs).

#

Well, and my 1st gen Sonoff relays.

turbid raft
#

yeah id buy sonoff if they were able to act as a network extender

slim lagoon
#

Quite a few of my inline Sonoff relays (which are basically just ESP8266 boards) have been running since 2019. But, they're WiFi and not Zigbee.

turbid raft
#

cause currently i dont have many devices that are extenders, so i figure its better to invest in stuff that will improve my network before i get non wall connected devices

slim lagoon
#

Just not the L2 (which is non-neutral)

turbid raft
#

oh, thank you!!!

#

theyre like half the price of aqara lol

slim lagoon
#

No problem! 🙂

turbid raft
#

Is there a reason why they say to only use with non-metal junction boxes?

#

My house is only metal boces lol

#

actually it might not even fit in my box, any recs for zigbee switches instead?

slim lagoon
#

Technically, for safety. All my gang boxes are metal as well and I haven't had the time to go through and replace them with the plastic gang boxes.

slim lagoon
turbid raft
#

USA

slim lagoon
#

Ah, ok. My first choice is the Aqara neutral/non-neutral rockers. They are about $35/each. I was able to get them to fit into my small, metal gang boxes.

turbid raft
#

dy have a link? bit confused by all the ones on their website

slim lagoon
#

Yup. I have 3 of the non-neutral ones and 3 of the neutral ones. SUPER stable and can be set to decoupled mode and act like buttons.

turbid raft
#

ah ok

#

Do they support dimming as well?

#

I've got a light in the backyard I'd want a dimmer switch for

slim lagoon
#

Nope. No dimming on those. I'm not sure Aqara has a dimmer for the US market to be honest.

#

I'm hoping they bring the Z1 Pro to the US soon though.

#

But, for a decent dimmer, Enbrighten (which is a division of GE) has a good dimmer. I think it's around $40 on Amazon?

night salmon
#

Any good recommendations for a clamp on water flow sensor? My utility company does NOT offer an API and they use an ultrasonic meter (not compatible with Flume). I DO have an exposed section of 1” copper where the supply comes into the house. Ideally, I’d like to clamp something on this section and get some real-time flow info. I’m okay with DIY, ESP32 or any other embedded tech or whatever. Not necessarily looking for a finished product— but that would be nice…

turbid raft
#

which sucks there’s not much us stuff

slim lagoon
cold moon
#

thought you meant the ge/jasco/embrighten zwave

potent patio
#

man........... zooz have everything. I lowkey am sad I went with zigbee first haha

#

and I don't see that zooz have any zigbee @slim lagoon

ember yacht
#

Hey folks - I have a bunch of Unify Protect cameras (also a doorbell, but I haven't set it up yet). Got them connected via unify integration to HA. They show up on my dashboard. I also set up HomeKit Bridge in HA (via the add on)....other devices appear in HomeKit, but not the cameras.

Can someone help? Googled around and found ffmpeg and randomly tried adding that to my configuration.yaml but that didn't seem to do anything.

cold moon
slim lagoon
ember yacht
#

Also - entirely separate question - anyone have a preference between zooz 800 z wave stick and homeseer 800 z wave stick?

cold moon
ember yacht
cold moon
cold moon
ember yacht
ember yacht
cold moon
cold moon
#

and the PoE aspect is nice to centrally locate it

patent river
#

Also connect to a VM without USB pass-through (allows moving the VM between hosts, if you have a cluster)

ember yacht
cold moon
#

ya de-couple from the hass host

ember yacht
cold moon
#

i have tube's zigbee coordinator not zwave

patent river
#

Also to @cold moon's other point, most people don't like their servers to be in their living space...

cold moon
#

also the usb ports themselves cause interference so with a PoE coordinator they just straight up have no usb interference if you stay away from usb ports

ember yacht
#

got it. got any links to description of using one with z wave JS UI? I have a stick in there right now I've been testing with. Guess I could uninstall everything and reset up from scratch. What would "serial port" become? Or am I misunderstanding that bit

cold moon
cold moon
#

it should be in tube's docs

#

the 800 usb is fine too

#

just use a usb extender to get away from usb ports and escape a network rack

ember yacht
#

I'm a noob and I'd be lying if I said I didn't get lost in the docs.

gotcha on 800 usb + extender. if I set it up (I have ~150 zwave devices in my house) and want to move later....doable?

cold moon
#

you just nvm backup and restore from one controller to the other

#

it's seamless takes like 5min

ember yacht
#

sweet. will start with stick then

cold moon
#

it's good to have an nvm backup stored offsite anyways

#

it's a feature inside zwave js ui

#

we have a discord server too^

ember yacht
#

cool - does that get automatically backed up with the google drive HA integration?

#

I'm guessing no? That'd be too easy?

cold moon
ember yacht
#

meh - let's start easy-ish. once I get it set up I'll hit back up if I get stuck

#

you guys rock

#

thanks again, and sorry in advance for more q. gotta go watch some YT on Frigate. Seems pretty awesome if I can get that working in HA with unify cams. That + Homekit basic viewing has me pretty set

cold moon
#

basically i use unifi protect app for basic nvr functions and frigate with the unifi cam rtsps streams for object detetion in home assistant

#

i.e. "if gate open and dog detected in backyard, notify / alarm blah blah"

ember yacht
#

1 last q - I had an older Z wave stick I was testing with. I’ll swap for the zooz. Best way to do that uninstall and reinstall?

cold moon
#

uh

ember yacht
cold moon
#

with zwave js ui addon in home assistant?

#

i think if you delete the addon the data in the dir all goes away

#

yolo

#

the actual zwave devices will have to be rejoined tho

#

maybe factory reset first it just depends

slim lagoon
#

The smart thing to do would be to exclude the devices from the old stick and join them to the new one. I’ve heard horror stories and backup/restore in zw2js.

ember yacht
#

Thanks I’ve just been testing. No restore here. Just want to get the new stick updated as the Zwave controller

slim lagoon
#

Yup, just do as @cold moon said then and you should be fine.

cold moon
cold moon
slim lagoon
ember yacht
#

Fun. Ok. Thanks. Will uninstall and reinstall JS ui then go forth with exclusion

cold moon
timid raptor
near chasm
#

Hi, has anyone ever had this problem after installing a new NVME drive to their HAOS x64 unit?

#

Best I could glean from searching online is it's an IOMMU problem on Ryzen (my mini PC HAOS has a 2200G) and can be fixed by updating the kernel(?)

golden thorn
#

You can disable IOMMU. I don't think HAOS uses it. HAOS updates the kernel very often btw.

near chasm
nimble token
#

Any recommended humidity sensors that work with HA and aren't just battery powered?

winged knoll
#

I get ~2 years out of my battery powered Aqara sensors

tough frost
#

Hello! I recently bought this

Just found this amazing item on AliExpress. Check it out!
AU$74.09 60%OFF | Zemismart Tuya Zigbee Roller Blind Motor for 17mm 25mm Tube Built-in Battery Shade Engine Smart Life Alexa Google Home Control
https://a.aliexpress.com/_mqR0IGm

And I'm looking at the instructions and can't see any way to send limits without the remote. Any one have any experience?

winged knoll
#

What are you using to connect it to HA?

tough frost
#

Z2m

#

Sorry, should have mentioned thay

winged knoll
tough frost
#

Posted it there, thanks. I thought this channel might be able to chime in if there was a hardware way to set it/known way.

fervent girder
umbral flare
#

Looking for a wifi or zigbee version of this: https://shop.homeseer.com/collections/z-wave-sensors/products/z-wave-indicator-light-sensor

I'm willing to homebrew it if I need to. Has anyone seen something similar or have any ideas on how to DIY it?

native pilot
#

oh, big nevermind

#

that is a wild sensor

cold moon
native pilot
#

that's not what that thing really does

#

it's monitoring specific LEDs on things, not ambient light

umbral flare
cold moon
#

The light sensor can be mounted over any indicator light and will notify your controller with a Z-Wave command and will beep 5 times when light is detected. Another Z-Wave command will be sent to the controller when light is no longer detected. This sensor will check for light every 60 seconds on battery power or every 400 ms on line power.```
#

it's just a light sensor

native pilot
#

The light sensor can be mounted over any indicator light and will notify your controller with a Z-Wave command and will beep 5 times when light is detected

#

Meaning something like the Apollo I linked won’t work

cold moon
#

technically it could work with an ir receiver attached

#

but i dont understand his use case enough to recommend a specific thing yet

native pilot
#

fair

humble mist
#

Hello all ! So, i've managed to make my little setup with A.I and answers on my Amazon Echo Dot and Ulanzi but i have many problems with the Atom Echo. It's gonna stop working a lot of time after a few triggers with "failed to allocate DMA buffer" and stuff like this. So it was fun to play, made me able to build everything around but now i'd like something more reliable. What would you advise ? Another Esp32 like a Korvo that seems to have better mics ? Or a Pi Zero W2 with a ReSpeaker 2 on it ? Thanks !
https://youtu.be/06mKmWbyOuA

It's been a week that I decided I would do this little setup a way or another. It was not easy to say the least, but I knew it was possible. There are no source from what I've seen that managed to send the sound on Echo devices. But it was totally possible on Google devices (so better take those if you want to reproduce)

The Echo Dot is totally...

▶ Play video
ornate cobalt
#

Hey guys I have a hardware question for a newbie starting . As usual my first is should I go the ha yellow or green ? Or should I get a nuc ? I read a few reviews and the zb adaptor I’ think that smlight slzb06

Any suggestions ? I’m trying to list everything for the house and finalise the products before I start buying

Ps I hope this is the right place. If not please do let me know

cold moon
turbid raft
#

I notice that if I use the physical switch to turn off my smart bulb it loses power completely and disconnects from my zigbee network. Is there a way to configure it so that it keeps power even when its off so that I can control it with a physical switch and with zigbee?

#

Is the solution one of those button press switches rather than a flip switch

tired wave
#

@turbid raft For smart bulbs I have a mix of Zigbee switches - mostly Aqara, a few Ikea - that I have placed in strategic places for people to turn lights on an off. I also have a few places where I have replaced the physical switches with smart switches (in my case I've put Sonoff dimmers behind a traditional switch plate, and replaced the toggle mech with a push button)

gray latch
#

pretty sure some places make toggle shaped smart switches

turbid raft
#

Oh so is it generally not advisable to use smart bulbs in places you have switches connected to them

tired wave
#

I'm not sure I'd say "not advisable", but if you live with other people they'll keep turning them off 🙂

turbid raft
#

Or if you do just get a push button switch?

#

The dimmers dont work for me cause my electrical boxes dont have enough space along with the switch itself (USA)

slim lagoon
#

@turbid raft I thought we had talked about smart relays already?

tired wave
#

You can put a smart switch module (wifi or zigbee) behind an existing switch, or you can replace it with a smart switch and configure it so that the switch only sends events to HA, and doesn't switch the power.

Or, you can ditch the smart bulbs, use normal LED bulbs, with smart switches/dimmers

cold moon
turbid raft
#

Lol

#

Yeah I realized smart relays dont work for me

#

Not enough space in the wall (i have thin walls)

tired wave
#

Ah. I'm in Australia, in an old house. We don't use wall boxes

slim lagoon
turbid raft
#

The smart switches I found were either really expensive or not USA rated

#

Compared to a $12 ikea tradfri

slim lagoon
slim lagoon
turbid raft
#

yeah def not LOL

#

Do those smart relays allow for dimming?

#

Or just on/off

#

I guess smart bulbs are more geared towards lamps and such

slim lagoon
#

Most relays just do on/off, but Shelly has some good dimmers.

slim lagoon
#

But the ones that could potentially be turned on or off are Wiz WiFi bulbs. So they don’t trash my Zigbee mesh. And they’re cheap too.

gray latch
#

is there a box in the ceiling to support the fixture?

turbid raft
#

hmm not sure

#

are u saying to just put the relay in there instead

gray latch
#

you can install the relay above the fixture just as well as in the wall

turbid raft
#

wait the relay doesnt need to be in the electrical box/

#

?

gray latch
#

it's a solution for people who need neutral but don't have it at the switch too

turbid raft
#

I thought that would violate code

gray latch
#

it needs to be in A box

turbid raft
#

ohhh

#

wait thats genius

#

lemme ask my dad

#

cause hes remodeling the house im instlaling this all in so

#

an extra box when he knocks down and rebuilds the wall isnt too bad

gray latch
#

most of the time a fixture has to have a box to hang from (though my old house doesn't always have them)

#

you can't bury a box

#

if he's pulling out the wall, he can put a bigger box for the switch

slim lagoon
gray latch
#

yeah yeah 😛

slim lagoon
#

Couldn’t resist. lol

gray latch
#

i mean that's not any better than having the relay loose in the wall

#

there's no cheap way to do the whole smart home thing without running into weird problems.

#

you can do things on a budget, but that usually means doing it a little at a time

slim lagoon
#

This is why I always say “you get what you pay for usually

gray latch
#

I do have some inexpensive things in my setup, and they meet my low expectations.

#

one surprisingly good decision in retrospect was to get the Sengled zigbee bulbs that don't have a router for most of my smart bulb placements, since I can't stop people from using dumb switches to turn things off. it makes the bulb inaccessible but doesn't disrupt the mesh

turbid raft
gray latch
#

go wider

turbid raft
#

nah its ok we can shov eit in the ceiling fixture box

#

theres enough space

gray latch
#

k

slim lagoon
#

That’s why I went with a lot of Wiz bulbs. They have this neat feature called “WizClick” that can do actions based upon the switch being toggled. Neat trick actually.

turbid raft
#

these are a steal fr

gray latch
#

i guess?

turbid raft
#

nvm

#

no go

gray latch
#

i don't usually trust aliexpress to give me what i pay for

turbid raft
#

we have metal junction boxes

turbid raft
#

everything else been awesome

#

damn why america need to force u to get metal junction boxes

gray latch
#

to stop you from burning your house down

turbid raft
#

cant u have plastic ones in the EU tho

gray latch
#

i'm not sure you can have junction boxes in the eu

slim lagoon
#

I thought plastic boxes were also up to code? I mean, all mine are metal, but my house was built in 1952.

gray latch
#

plastic work boxes are good, not junction boxes

#

work boxes are an end point, so they don't need to be grounded

turbid raft
#

my dad said no plastic boxes

#

and hes an electrician so

#

dunno

gray latch
#

when I say work boxes, I mean behind the switch or outlet in the wall.

slim lagoon
#

Eh, like I said, I’m not an electrician. 😊

turbid raft
#

yeah he meant like all boxes

#

cant use plastic boxes at all

gray latch
#

i'm not either, but my Dad also was one

turbid raft
#

guess the only way to do this is to pony up for smart switches

gray latch
#

metal IS a better choice, for sure.

#

but for residential buildings you're permitted plastic at the end point

turbid raft
#

idk thats all he told me lol

#

his house so

gray latch
#

oh, well, I guess if you have metal conduit running in the wall, then you'd need a metal box to cap that. I haven't ever seen it though

turbid raft
#

damn american companies

#

upcharging

gray latch
#

there's probably someone who will tell you that's fine, but I'd never buy another GE zigbee device again

turbid raft
#

oh really

#

why

gray latch
#

because I ended up needing to send back the things I've tried from them.

umbral flare
# cold moon but i dont understand his use case enough to recommend a specific thing yet

Thanks for the responses, it will be to sense when the done indicator LED comes on for my dryer. The Homeseer would be perfect if I wasn't already built around wifi and zigbee.

I've looked into higher amperage smart plugs and vibration sensors, but I have a washer underneath that makes a bunch of false reports, and the dryer is 240v/24A.

I even tried motion sensors to look into the drums, but that doesnt work when the lights are off.

turbid raft
#

damn

gray latch
#

they're half the price of the inovelli for a reason

slim lagoon
#

The enbrightens Zigbee line is “not bad”. Still Jasco, but at least they have firmware updates supposedly.

turbid raft
#

inovelli just looks so overengineered

#

for the sake of being more expensive

gray latch
#

says the guy who defers to his dad for electrical knowledge, but somehow knows a ton about electronics to know when something is overengineered?

turbid raft
#

these are interesting

turbid raft
#

idk house code

gray latch
#

well, best of luck to you. I went with cheap stuff to start and I've had to buy more expensive stuff to replace most of it

#

not all of it though. some of it is just annoying and not bad

turbid raft
#

fair

turbid raft
slim lagoon
#

Their main one is zwave though, so probably no.

turbid raft
#

it means it’s a regular switch

#

but it works in conjunction with a same but smart version of that switch

slim lagoon
#

Not exactly. 3/4-way switches are where you have the same light/outlet controlled by multiple switches.

turbid raft
#

ohhh

#

but if you have ur own zigbee hub then it’s fine?

#

wait no its not fine

#

damn

#

smart switches expensive

slim lagoon
#

I told you… just go with Aqaras. $35-ish each and they are solid.

turbid raft
#

its snot that I wouldnt spend it

#

its my dad doesnt care enough abt smart home to spend that muhc

#

its why im using cheap ali sensors n stuff

#

maybe down the line once everything is set up but ig ill put it on hold for now

slim lagoon
#

Yeah, I get it. But like I said, if you’re connecting devices to mains power, don’t take chances. Go cheap on everything else (sensors, etc). But don’t skimp on something connecting to the mains power.

turbid raft
#

yeah i get what u mean

#

bigger risk there

gloomy elbow
#

Spend cheap = poor performance and many problems. Plus then you have to spend more later.

turbid raft
#

ill try and talk him into it lol

turbid raft
#

tbf all my ali sensors have been running great

#

easy setup and no connection loss

gloomy elbow
#

If you burn the house down you won't be able to afford the decent ones

turbid raft
#

no ik

#

thats why im only gonna go cheap on small stuff

#

temp sensor, water sensor, door, etc

#

chances of battery powered tech blowing up is stupid low

slim lagoon
#

Yup. That’s why I said things connecting to the mains. lol

turbid raft
#

yeah i agree w u

#

ty for the advice tho

#

i appreciate it ❤️

slim lagoon
#

Anytime!!! Happy to help.

hollow axle
#

i got an m5Stack dial i wanted to play around with and see if I can make it work with some HA controls. has anyone done any work with this device before? or does anyone have some example projects for HA with it?

gray latch
#

If you're an engineer, just spend your own dollars on them

gray latch
hollow axle
#

its a pretty neat little device. basically an encoder on a stamp sized esp32 with a round color touch screen

tacit burrow
#
humble lion
#

any recommandation for hard wired, discret PIR sensor ? I'm planing a rennov, and find it crazy that we can get tiny zigbee one, but can't have as tiny wired one even if they don't have to hold a battery

winged knoll
#

Aeotec do some (USB powered) Z-Wave ones

humble lion
#

yea no, i really mean wired wired

#

no wireless at all not for power nor for data

winged knoll
#

KNX?

mystic marten
#

Is this a good thing to run ha supervised on? ; HP Elitedesk 705 G4 MINI PC / Ryzen 5 pro 2400G 3.6ghz / 16gb werkgeheugen / 256GB SSD / Windows 11 /

golden thorn
mystic marten
golden thorn
gray latch
#

definitely don't run supervised with proxmox

#

or without proxmox

#

use haos in a vm or the container if you're already good at containers

quartz oriole
#

I have this weird situation. I have several Kasa Switches (HS 220 Smart WiFi Dimmer Switch and HS 210 3way switches). They keep getting disconnected from the wifi (Unifi Dream Machine Router with Unifi APs and Extenders). Since they get disconnected, HASS obviously can't connect to them....and they dont show up in the router as conencted. The WEIRD part is that they still work within the KASA App. How can this be? can they be connecting through a different protocol or something? like to an alexa, ring alarm or something? they even work from outside of the LAN.

slim lagoon
quartz oriole
slim lagoon
#

That's weird... AFAIK, they are WiFi only. Maybe they are using BT or something else to connect to the app? Is it all your switches and dimmers dropping or just a few here and there?

quartz oriole
#

That is what I was thinking, that either they are bluetooth capable or have matter built in (even though it isnt advertised) or something like that. But the werid thing is that they respond when you trigger them from the Kasa app even if you are miles away from the house.

#

and most of them disconnect 99% of the time

slim lagoon
quartz oriole
#

it isnt jsut a few

slim lagoon
#

Yeah, I don't know... I mean, to me, it sounds like something weird in the switches themselves, but for most of them to drop? Do you have any traffic shaping or WiFi schedules setup maybe? I had a weird thing where I had a WiFi schedule setup on one of my APs (I was bored that day) and devices were dropping while trying to switch to other APs.

quartz oriole
#

lol. No Schedules and i turned off all the traffic shaping stuff in order to troubleshoot.

#

and they are on a 2.4g only wifi network (also to troubleshoot)

slim lagoon
#

How many devices do you have on that wifi network? Is it possible you are running out of DHCP leases or something like that? Is it a standard /24 subnet?

quartz oriole
#

I just came up on a post about that but it doesent make sense if it is that. there is never really more than 35 devices connected to the network. And yes. a standard /24 subnet

slim lagoon
#

Huh... yeah, I'm not sure, tbh. I don't have any Kasa kit, but that just sounds weird. I kinda wonder if maybe it's something in the AP(s) firmware perhaps? Might make sense to snap a log of the APs and see if there's something there when the devices go offline (but don't).

quartz oriole
#

good idea. thank you

tacit burrow
#

I haven't noticed by kasa's all going off (but they do sometimes, and eventually come back)

#

But mine are not your switches, just power monitoring smart plugs; probably completely different firmware

tidal island
#

Presence sensors...is Aqara the way to go?

cold moon
#

no the fp1 are old and the fp2 are too expensive and have ghosting issues still

tidal island
#

suggestions?

cold moon
#

i'm biased but i like the apollo msr-2 or MTR-1 (multi target)

native pilot
#

Biased how?

cold moon
#

i'm helping do some work for them part time starting yesterday

native pilot
#

oh nice

jagged crypt
# quartz oriole I have this weird situation. I have several Kasa Switches (HS 220 Smart WiFi Dim...

Do you have them on a dedicated 2.4ghz network? I resolved a bunch of my wifi based (wiz lights) issues by setting up a dedicated 2.4ghz SSID (same /24 network), and then turning most options off, except the proxy-arp option, which turns broadcasts to unicast for the iot devices, which seems to help tremedously in my use case: (This is my unifi setup for the network, I also dropped the minimum data rate to minimum, not sure this is needed)

native pilot
#

I'm planning on picking up a couple of the msr-2 when they come back in stock

jagged crypt
#

I "still" need to configure my MSR1's I bought 6 months ago sadly

cold moon
#

they really arent too bad to setup

jagged crypt
#

yea, I need to position them (with power), and i have working hue motion sensors in most places already. It was more sitting down and trying to tune them to trigger, but not on the cats, and perhaps figure out we're on the couch, vs walking by.

#

(the hue motion sensors work, so fighting that)

cold moon
#

ye

#

i have an msr-1 on my stairs paired with a hue motion sensor best of both worlds

tired cradle
#

Hello, brand new to this forum so I hope I am in the right place.
Anyway, how do I update my devices when new firmware comes out for individual devices not the os for HA? Majority of my devices I have removed from the native apps in favor of HA. Thank you for any help you can give.

jagged crypt
#

the official answer "it depends"

humble lion
# winged knoll KNX?

i was hopping for something else, i hate that their programation software require internet to validate you licence ...

One of those day they will change it and i won't have any control on the hardware in my home ...

winged knoll
#

Then probably you're looking at #diy-archived with ethernet connected ESPs

tiny coral
#

Hi, I'm hoping this is the right place, could somebody guide me to a z-wave dongle of 700 or 800 series that works with green and can be bought in the EU?

#

Preferably 800

winged knoll
regal bison
#

hi all, I am looking for a thermostat to manage my heating system that can be integrated in HA? do you have any hints? thanks in advance 🙂

outer knotBOT
#

@regal bison Looking for advice about a device to buy? Remember to provide guidance on:

  • Which country you're in
  • What your budget is
  • What protocols you prefer (eg Zigbee, WiFi, Z-Wave)
  • Any features you want (such as power monitoring, dimming, etc)
regal bison
#

I am in Italy, I can spend up to 200-300 euros, WiFi and Zigbee are fine

#

the main scope is to control apartment heating system through HA and even through manual control

gloomy spoke
#

you'll probably need to mention what method you use to heat your apartment

regal bison
#

it is a standard gas boiler

zealous isle
#

how do you think? can I get an early fire warning from a smoke detector if CO2 ppm goes too high? I think smoke comes after

slim lagoon
zealous isle
#

right, thanks
I can see that the CO2 ppm almost triples near the closed fire stove. I would need to find a sweet spot between this scenario and smoke from other (undesirable) sources

slim lagoon
zealous isle
#

you know, I just wonder how high CO2 ppm has to go for the smoke to appear, is the undesirable fire smoking already at 1500ppm CO2 or much higher?

#

perhaps it is a red herring, any fire produces some amount of smoke so the only question is how these detectors are sensitive

#

are you guys testing your smoke detectors with a smoke?

toxic locust
#

i tested mine with a fire!!! lights were flashing phone was ringing i didnt see or hear anything was using an angle grinder in the garage while the kitchen was on fire, the dogs barking alerted me in the end

toxic locust
glacial oracle
#

not quite sure why a CO2 sensor would be a pre warning
Proper smoke detectors trigger on trace amounts being present

zealous isle
glacial oracle
#

You test them by using the in built test function

zealous isle
toxic locust
#

smoke detectors dont actually trigger on co2 though

glacial oracle
#

It's not a good measurement for something being wrong

zealous isle
toxic locust
#

carbon monoxide detectors are good for open fires but co2 i dont think really do anything other than indicate air quality

glacial oracle
#

For you to measure co2 upwards of 30k ppm something must have gone horribly wrong

toxic locust
#

and rooms with open fires are better off with co detectors and heat detectors\

zealous isle
#

right

#

in the guide for my CO detector it says to actually keep it away from rooms with fire sources, like 6m
I think they want these detectors including smoke detectors to be placed in hallways

glacial oracle
#

Sounds expensive just to know if your house is burning down

zealous isle
#

a heat sensor could be a good way of providing an early warning

zealous isle
glacial oracle
#

Relative, a lot of the smart connected gear is significantly more expensive for rather little gains

zealous isle
#

right

glacial oracle
#

Having them in a different room, possibly behind a door just defies the purpose of having them in the first place in my mimd

toxic locust
zealous isle
#

I think room that can be closed would classify as "dead space" and that is why they don't want sensors installed in there

#

it has to be space where there is some air flow like hallways

toxic locust
#

heat alarms in any rooms with a fire source, smoke alarms in hallways and carbon monoxide at head height 3m from every fire source used to be the regulations

glacial oracle
#

sounds pretty reasonable

toxic locust
#

carbon monoxide alarms dont trigger on ppm at any time they trigger if the ppm is above a value for a time period

#

say over 70ppm for 30 days they will trigger

glacial oracle
#

That seems odd if the recommended limits are below 9 for longer than 8 hours

toxic locust
#

sorry its been a while kidde alarms set off if they detect 40ppm average over 8 hours

zealous isle
toxic locust
#

seems kidde dont mind you having a headache and vomiting

#

and they used to be considered one of the best when i was working

glacial oracle
#

I see I see that makes a lot more sense ^^

native pilot
#

I see the n100 from beelink recommended fairly often here. Is that powerful enough to run proxmox + HA + a Jellyfin server comfortably?

cold moon
#

Yes

native pilot
#

perfect, thanks. I'm hoping to get off of my raspberry pi sooner than later.

gray latch
#

you should try to avoid transcoding on a low powered system, but an n100 is a step up from rpi there as well

native pilot
#

Thanks!

glacial oracle
#

transcoding is pretty much alright with the n100, you just want to utilize the igpu for it

gray latch
#

it's ok, yes. for a stream or two

#

but you should avoid it anyway, if you can

#

direct play is so much less resource intensive and most modern things can play most modern formats. if you have 4k things, keep a 1080p or 720p copy too

glacial oracle
#

storage costs seem far more expensive than the additional 5w of power draw during playpack, especially with such a small machine where extensible storage is limited

gray latch
#

the iGPU/quicksync transcoding capabilities of the n100 chip are not up to the standards of a full cpu of the past few generations. If you're running transcode from 4k for more than a couple of people, or need to transcode from any of the unsupported formats, it will struggle. it is very much the successor to the old Atom series even if it's being treated like the latest celeron.

#

it's a cheap computer, don't expect the moon from it

native pilot
#

Hey we got to the moon with something way less powerful than a calculator sooooo

gray latch
#

if you have the right expectations, you can do just fine

#

we got to the moon with people doing the calculations by hand

#

it took years to be ready to launch. if that's what you're expecting, years to load a video, then you'll be happy with basically anything

#

😉

native pilot
#

😂

#

This is helpful thanks all

gray latch
#

just to reiterate: don't expect to host videos for a hundred people, or even a dozen,who need transcoding from 4k on that, and you'll be fine.

cold moon
glacial oracle
#

he switches from a raspberry pi, not from something already serving netflix to the south coast of the us.

gray latch
native pilot
#

I’m not streaming with the pi

glacial oracle
#

it really is fine to do no issues

gray latch
#

I've spent time in the plex discord, people do show up there trying to do that craziness and it doesn't hurt to manage expectations

cold moon
#

i wouldnt personally run plex on a mini pc just cuz of storage constraints over like usb3 only

glacial oracle
#

the only thing i highly would recommend turning on is the transcoding limiter

#

else zooming through large movie files becomes a potential memory issue

cold moon
#

for a plex box i'd build out a whitebox ryzen nas with unraid/truenas/proxmox

gray latch
glacial oracle
#

nfs Giggle (all i can say, it works surprisingly good)

gray latch
#

and the server on an nvidia shield

cold moon
glacial oracle
#

funky

cold moon
#

i'd rather see that than netflix lol

glacial oracle
#

netflix may not leak your watch history to your friends at random

#

they just sell it

gray latch
#

i have the shield in my network rack instead of behind my tv

cold moon
#

he works at a printing place so he has access to really high end printing equipment. i think i've had the stickers on the remotes for 2 years without them wearing down

gray latch
#

"Michael completed Season 1 of Alf, what are you watching this week?"

glacial oracle
#

i switched to jelly after like a week, plex just felt to greedy for too little features and external dependencies that are useless

#

oh you want to watch your movies from your device on your ipad? guess you need a subscription

gray latch
#

I've been using plex since it split off XBMC

#

and XBMC before that

glacial oracle
#

yes

cold moon
#

a lot of free features used to be paid only

#

when i bought lifetime i couldnt share to friends without plexpass

#

and some other expected features

glacial oracle
#

i mean they all should just be free, you host the service why would you need to pay for that aswell

gray latch
#

you're paying them to release updates quicker

slim lagoon
#

I went with Emby after Plex started choking on my remote users and I finally got tired of all the overhead of Plex.

glacial oracle
#

i dont want more data being shared any quicker giggle

gray latch
#

anyway, @native pilot was asking about jellyfin rather than plex so I'm not sure how we got on this topic

gray latch
#

nah, just sarcastic

slim lagoon
gray latch
#

🙂

glacial oracle
#

GUOBAWHIP if we whip the jelly maybe we get oidc support any faster

#

godawful any application ever supports ldap

slim lagoon
#

Why you hating on ldap?! (Kidding… ldap SUCKS)

gray latch
#

ldap support is great for enterprise things, not terribly useful for home stuff

#

ldap is better than managing users by spreadsheets

slim lagoon
#

But I’m curious what the jellyfin question was.

gray latch
#

just about running HA+jellyfin+prox on an n100 beelink

slim lagoon
#

Ohhhhh ok

glacial oracle
#

i dont even know where to begin ranting about ldap
it has the worst inheritance stucture ever and olc is a funky joke

slim lagoon
#

Show us on the doll where ldap touched you. 🤣

glacial oracle
#

everything is on fire

patent river
gray latch
#

our ldap at work is basically a clone of AD, so 🤷

#

slightly different queries for different systems, still better than spreadsheet imports

#

if you have 30 users, then there's no reason to screw with that

glacial oracle
#

id take spreadsheets over twohundred optional attributes just to get an email attached to a nameGiggle

#

looking at you inetorguser

gray latch
#

if you have 30k users, you hire an extra guy for the AD team

glacial oracle
#

the microsoft cloud one has recursive roles and stuff stripped or something if i recall

gray latch
#

dunno, our Azure AD is a clone of the on prem one

glacial oracle
#

we had that switched a while back and it broke the applications

#

fun with microsoft, good thing it wasnt me

gray latch
#

i can only imagine

cold moon
#

there's a reason sysadmin can be shortened to sadmin

gray latch
#

i'm glad I'm not on that team, I'll agree that much. as a consumer of their directory, authorization, and authentication services, I'm glad they exist

glacial oracle
#

all i want is keycloak™️ but it can simulate an ldap pretty please

gray latch
#

all I want is an administrative assistant for a couple of weeks

glacial oracle
#

homeassistant managed Giggle

gray latch
#

my home assistant is ok. I have probably 40 devices that I haven't connected and configured yet, but they're pretty low on the project list I haven't written down and need a secretary to help with

short trout
#

Looking for a nice tablet for wall panel with fullykiosk, would you recommend the amazon fire 8 still?

cold moon
#

i'd buy a new or used decent android tablet not a fire tablet these days

short trout
#

Any brand or model recommendation? (any size is fine)

cold moon
#

im not the right guy to suggest android stuff sorry

short trout
#

It's ok, I heard that anything above 4gb ram is ok but just wanna make sure, probably I'll hunt for some cheap used one

cold moon
#

that's what i would do

#

like galaxy tab A made in the last few years maybe? it's prob worth scouring reddit to see what the cool kids are using these days. i still have a fire 10 2022 iirc which works fine but i wouldnt buy a used one and the new generation are harder to hack with fire toolbox or cant fully be hacked or something

gray latch
#

I'm going to make one with a surface x pro because i can't think of anything else to do with it

cold moon
#

can you run fully kiosk on that?

gray latch
#

it runs windows 11 ok

#

so probably just edge or chrome in kiosk mode?

cold moon
#

but no ability to have it wake up and have hass integration like fully kiosk?

gray latch
#

is there no desktop app for windows?

#

i still don't have any other ideas for what to do with it

cold moon
#

if you have to walk up to it and turn it on to interact with it instead of it turning on itself as you walk up to it then it's not that useful as a wall tablet

#

or at least it's not ideal

gray latch
#

if I'm putting it on the door of the fridge, I think I'd rather have a button to wake it up

#

i go there most of the time for something other than dashboard interaction

short trout
fervent girder
#

Besides accessibility for guests, what's the draw of having a dedicated tablet? I can't see it being more convenient than a phone?

fervent girder
toxic locust
fervent girder
#

Why are they burning that??

toxic locust
# fervent girder Why are they burning that??

because poor asians burn tires for the steel wire inside. Recycling is the main reason the continent switched over to fiber before anyone else, the copper lines were being stolen almost monthly.

fervent girder
#

Oh TIL

toxic locust
#

Me also, had no idea what "TIL" meant

oak vortex
#

Trying to use it to make a dumb switch smart. It's a double rocker, I only need to make one side of the dumb switch "smart:

#

I can't figure out the wiring

#

3 wires. Live, L1 & L2

#

I tried parallel to the dumb switch

#

But it doesn't complete the circuit or cut it, when I activate the smart switch

#

Basically, I want to retain the ability to use the dumb rocker to turn on/off the light, but also be able to do it remotely as part of automations, via the smart relay.

oak vortex
#

Excuse the crude drawing

#

Anyone?

gloomy elbow
# oak vortex Anyone?

Are you aware that it's 6:36am in NYC and 3:36am in SF? Which means most of the US is asleep right now, and Europe is in the middle of the working day. People will post when they have the time and ability to do so.

crimson tulip
#

the only way to get that ability is to add a relay to the circuit

#

behind the toggle switch

#

i.e. the hardware needs to see the state of the toggle switch at all times when delivering power to the circuit.

oak vortex
toxic locust
#

I've been making what your looking for with esphome recently a Ac esp relay board + an AC optocoupler. The regular switch has to be a two way wired live to common then l1/l2 to the relays nc/no then the common of the relay to both the light and the optocoupler this allows status of the light to be shown in Home assist and gives the dumb function.

gray latch
gray latch
cold moon
#

doorbell rings -> livestream of camera on tablet and any tvs that are on + mobile phone

#

etc etc

gray latch
#

I think an agenda display might be the most useful thing for someone I will not name

dusky warren
#

Hi,

I'm looking to get HA for my home. I was thinking to get Raspberry pi.
I currently have a switchbot bot, but since I do not have a hub I cannot control it verry easy.
I also have some tapo powerplugs that I currently use.

I'm wondering what Raspberry pi would fit my needs?
Can I both run HA and use my raspberry pi as hub for my switchbot? OR would I need 2 raspberry pi's?

gray latch
#

i'd probably buy the $40 switchbot hub mini and a pi4

#

it functions as an IR blaster as well as allowing your switchbot to be controlled by things, so you can control dumb remote things in the room where you set it up

dusky warren
#

Is the mini fine? Or does it need to be matter enabeld?

#

or the hub 2

gray latch
dusky warren
#

Aha nice!

#

So a pi4 would be fine

#

I hope my pi's bluetooth will reach te switchbot bot

gray latch
#

an alternative would be to use esphome to get bluetooth proxy spread around your house

#

that's useful for more than just the switchbot, cheap bluetooth sensors are cheap

dusky warren
#

Alright nice 🙂 I'll add it to the maybe list

#

An ir blaster is usefull but not needed atm

#

I was thinking of automating IR candles someday

fervent girder
fervent girder
gray latch
#

it would be great if you'd stop pinging me with your replies

fervent girder
#

My bad, new to discord, is there a way to switch off ping by default?

gray latch
#

nope, you have to turn it off per message

#

I'm not sure what you're looking for though. You asked why a display instead of people using their phone, but I'm the only one who ever does things on the phone with HA. For the most part actual automations do the work of turning things on and off, so there isn't really a need to interact with it. I've been working, a little, to add information about the outside world into my dashboards and it would be good to show those to my coinhabitors sometimes. a kiosk for that sort of thing would be useful

humble mist
#

Hello

So I managed to have the answer to my query on the Atom Echo from GPT (OpenAI Extended) talked either by a mp3 sent to it or directly with the text being spoken by Alexa's voice to my Echo Dot. The thing is that I did all this by modifying the components code. I'd like if possible to do this directly from the Atom Echo yaml conf and send the text of the answer via the notify service that makes a request to the Echo Dot, but I don't know how to retrieve the text of the answer. I only manage to get the audio or I also can get the text of what I've said so my STT.

To get the text of what I have said, it is

on_stt_end:
then:
- lambda: id(stt_text) = x.c_str();

I tried tts_text but it's not working. Has anyone a clue ? Thanks

cold moon
# fervent girder Oh, Didn't know you could trigger doorbell ringing to TV screens! Is this an and...
Sean Blanchfield

I’ve found a way to get a RTSP camera feed to display in a picture-in-picture popup on my TV, without interrupting any other viewing that might be going on. This all happens locally, without any cloud services, and should work with any IP camera that provides an RTSP stream. This is achieved using a modest IP camera, an Android TV (in my case an...

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fwiw i havent actually done it yet cuz it was too involved and i'm lazy so my notifications are still just snapshots. it's on the list

outer knotBOT
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@humble mist Please do not cross post. Read the channel description, post it and wait for folks to respond. Crossposting wastes people's time as they're unaware of the help you're getting elsewhere.

If you don't get any responses after an hour or more, and your message is no longer on screen, it is fine to re-post or post a link to it.

native bloom
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I assume there's no coming back from this? 😂

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Its a hdd making that noise

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Never heard anything like it

jagged crypt
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can't tell if that's vibration in the case, or a head stuck. Can you get smart data from the drive? Have you power cycled the system (not rebooted, turned it off and on again, yes i know). You appear to have a multitude of drives in that very dark video, this is a raid server, right, and you should just swap the bad for good?

cold moon
# native bloom

Shits fucked but sounds more like a case fan hitting a wire

jagged crypt
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step 1 - isolate noise to a drive (or other object)

native bloom
native bloom
jagged crypt
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pull the drive, and replace. reseat power cable to make sure you aren't "flapping" power

native bloom
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Hey wtf there was a front fan that made the noise. Dont think it was stuck on anything (i dont see how and when that would have happened) but i just unplugged it for now

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Behind the hard drives

jagged crypt
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+1 for smart home sellout

native bloom
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This happened at the same time though

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I think maybe there's been a power surge or something

jagged crypt
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that says it can't find the root FS (which can be a number of things)

native bloom
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I have 6 drives, 4 hdd in raid, 1 hdd for backup and 1 ssd that i boot from.
I get to the os selection screen then i get that. Can this error be caused by other drives than the boot ssd?

jagged crypt
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usually requires a drive to have shuffled, or a kernel that doesn't detect the drive

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you don't have the screen with drive detection there

cold moon
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ya cmos battery might be dead and it could've then lost power and lost boot drive priority settings

native bloom
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Where i pressed enter on ubuntu