paleontology

[grave yacht]

I know

I've shown it off to my friends and made them very mad lol

[wind prairie]

it really does depend on what you mean by good flier
agility? absolutely not, a flying animal that big is not doing it for agility, in which agility would be useful for midair hunting and stuff.
speed? probably, with hatz being so big, it could probably at least fly very fast in a line with minimal turning. Think like a large airplane.
So hatz was probably great at flying for why it was flying, to travel long distances

[fluid inlet]

If they were around in the same era would priconodon be able to intimidate toro tricera and tyranno

[zealous ravine]

The implication that a nodosaur was heavier than Rex is wild lol, last I saw it wasn’t a whole ton bigger than Anky, I could be mistaken tho

[tough parcel]

Perhaps we shouldn't scale material that isn't measured, let alone described

It's big, but it might not be the Godzilla of nodosaurs

[fluid inlet]

He’s gonna get you

[light osprey]

Absolutely

[zealous ravine]

There’s no way to reliably scale something we don’t have any measurements for lol

[fluid inlet]

This is a tail vertebrae of it … bro I thought it was the tail club 😭😭😭

[zealous ravine]

Why would a nodosaur have a tail club

[tough parcel]

What I said is true 💀 the "large Princodon" is based off Twitter images of material extracted from the same quarry(?) as the holotype teeth but there's no reference for scale besides the hand of a person which, need I remind you, can vary in size

As for it being a tail club, that's not surprising given the shape and likely poor look of the fossil during excavation

[jagged trellis]

( but also real talk, ankylosaurs and friends were short for several reasons, being easier to handle defensive spacing, low ground foraging, and just not much to go upwards)

[frigid delta]

Princonodon, Cardiodon, Astrodon
they sounds like a Pokemon names

[halcyon cobalt]

I keep getting peloroplites and priconodon mixed up

[stiff osprey]

Peloroplites is the far superior animal, it's almost as big but known from actual fossils instead of 2 teeth and a caudal

[halcyon cobalt]

peloroplites also had to contest with the fearsome feathered tyrant utahraptor

[compact leaf]

peloroplites is a monster

[scenic flame]

this makes me feel better about pushing it for PT

[fossil ingot]

Wasn't that Gastonia
Or did Peloro also lived with Utah

[fossil ingot]

Cute Guy

[chilly obsidian]

Why the hell were allosaurs always tryna kill each other and everything around them

[wind prairie]

I think exceptionally large sample size just makes it look that way

[halcyon cobalt]

Yeah you’re right idk where I got that from

[halcyon cobalt]

speaking of peloroplites

[fluid inlet]

Fire ant meets Hell Ant

[steady rock]

torvo was tarbosaurus size???

[balmy oyster]

yes

[rancid glade]

Sorry for the ping but do you know what dinosaurs Peloroplites lived with? What predators it might of had? Because I was trying to find out the answer especially to the latter

[white matrix]

is daspletosaurus undersized in this game ? he seems significantly smaller than allosaurus when he should be larger?

[brave stump]

« When you’re close to me »

[scenic flame]

which I should say I was having second thoughts due to the uncertainty of it's anatomy due to it's limited remains, I do think Rexy did a fantastic job on it's anatomy though.

[fossil ingot]

Its not Underisze.
Its Size is pretty Much Perfect.
And Allo's Size ingame is also fine if we Go by Anax and some "Amplexus"/Fragilis Type

[snow python]

How heavy was Tameryraptor?

[grim mauve]

Gallimimus

[frigid delta]

4-5 tons afaik

[fossil ingot]

Random's Tamery is about 4.4t iirc
You can likrly get it higher tho

[serene moat]

What's weight estimates for tankt anky? Is it like 4-6t range?

[native kindle]

pretty reasonable size range

[jade laurel]

Paleomedia has, for whatever reason, largely failed to tap into the cuteness potential of non-avian dinosaurs
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tvMrACaQjlw&pp=ygUVbWljcm9yYXB0b3IgYW5pbWF0aW9u

[balmy oyster]

Because “feathers = scary!!!! “

[jade laurel]

More representation for the fluffy lil' guys 🐔

[stiff osprey]

this video is probably terrifying if you are a small bird or perhaps a shrew

[jade laurel]

Tell that to the cassowary that Sparta kicked a tourist off a cliff into the ocean.

[zealous ravine]

Its from Mussentuchet, so contemporaries would include Animantarx, Cedarpelta, Eolambia, Fona, Abydosaurus, maybe Deinonychus, Moros, and Siats, among others

[fossil ingot]

Ankylosaurus?
5.1t for Largest Anky

[balmy oyster]

That’s more funny (and tragic for her loved ones)

[steady rock]

how does that even happen

[balmy oyster]

Not being cautious and mindful around wildlife

Regardless I’m tired of the “feathers = scary!!!” trope because it’s only used in YouTube shorts phonk edits with slowed down chicken & loon calls.

[hardy sentinel]

Do we have any proof of Dire Wolves being social? Like the majority of Canids aren't even group animals or live in small groups so why would the thought that Dire Wolves would be arise?

[low raven]

They found many of them together multiple times in the tar pits other than that idk

[warped peak]

Tar pits are also a predator trap so a bit of a biased source

[tough parcel]

Tbf there's thousands of wolves vs a smaller grouping of likely solitary predators like bears

[zealous ravine]

Intriguing

[tough parcel]

They dun got the Supernatural tablets 💔

[rancid glade]

Hmm 🤔 okay thanks for letting me know I'll tentatively go with Siats then

[manic grail]

Do you guys think a megalania could take down a rex with its venom like how komodo dragons take down bigger prey with their venom?

[zealous ravine]

Don’t Komodo dragons just have a lot of bacteria in their mouths? Or am I mistaken? Regardless even if megalania did have venom I doubt it would be enough to take down a tyrannosaur, not even sure how effective it would be against any dinosaur since it would likely be specialized to killing mammals

[manic grail]

As far as i know it has venom and bacteria

[compact leaf]

komodo dragons do actually have venom, their mouths are filthy too (pretty much all monitors are notorious for filthy mouths) but venom is a major component

[zealous ravine]

Gotcha, so yeah I’m unsure if megalania would have had venom but if it did I doubt it would be that effective against a tyrannosaur

[manic grail]

Wait komodo dragons venom is specialized for mammals?

[zealous ravine]

Not sure about that specifically but different animals are vulnerable to different things, so I imagine whatever makes it deadly to mammals may not affect dinosaurs in the same way

[tough parcel]

This feels a bit more unfair than a K. dragon vs buffalo

[fluid inlet]

That little Rex feels a bit unfair to match up against the beast Goliath

[tough parcel]

A rare moment where "Who asked" is applicable

Using the current average for both animals in the current conversation makes more sense than that one

[ancient crystal]

I'm more surprised someone with a triceratops username isn't obsessively bashing tyrannosaurus

[tough parcel]

Evidence of an imposter?

[fluid inlet]

Some of us are not fan boys who can’t respect the other goats of nature 🫃🏽

[jagged trellis]

the endurant megalania mayhaps calls upon max tooth prico and dacen to assist in taking down the mighty rex......

[pliant cedar]

i mean
its an anticoagulant so maybe

the only problem is if the venom can bind to the antigens on the differnet components of rexes blood

there might be some similar ones, but likely not

this is all assuming that the rex didnt just step on the dragon before it could land a well placed bite

[remote shadow]

I feel like this is a discussion that happened in normal chat yesterday where I had said it isn’t a safe assumption to say that a megalanias venom would function against a Rex.

Or at very least to the same level. Given that we know basically nothing about the blood and immune system of a therapod.

And it’s to my understanding that the k dragon was somewhat evolved to deal with mammalian creatures

[tough parcel]

Unfortunately rex doesn't have a stomp attack but it does take 25% reduced leg damage

Perhaps this will stop the Megalania venom...?

[pliant cedar]

true....
if meg is able to bait rex into water it might be wraps for the rex tho...

[ionic crescent]

Considering PoT meg is around 8 meters and Rex is around 13-15

I'd say if they ever met in Gondwa, megalania would just either run, swim or climb away.

In the hypothetical case there was a drought or anything that lead to said combat scenario. If rex lands one bite, realistically, meg is cooked. If meg lands one, however, it may take a good while to infect and so on. But in all scenarios either meg dies waiting (lol) or just gets nuked

All of this are assumptions I made, which would be subject of subjectivity

I feel more feasible Gondwa Meg fighting styraco and albertaceratops, miragaias even

[tough parcel]

Perhaps this is evidence that Megalania is a bad animal?

Anyways, this is (assumedly) meant to be IRL so

[ionic crescent]

I applied irl stuff to this with their PoT sizing. PoT's meg is on the biggest land for megalania's specimens, which where the apex of Australia back then. But for Gondwa ecosystem is just, a Nile monitor surrounded by crocodiles (being those all the other theropods)

[winter marsh]

fake, megalania would pull a bazooka out of its cheeks and bombard the rex with help of its laten minions

[remote shadow]

I mean, in all likelihood it isn’t an 8m long but 7m and less.

It would be many times lighter than the Dinosaurs (keep in mind it’s half the combat weight of Rex in game instead of like 1/10th~).

It would also be slower than an adult Rex, and the aquatics would feast on it in all likelihood.

It’d need to be an ambush predator or an egg stealer in a land of giants

[nocturne tapir]

Heyy did anyone watched the trailer of the new walking with dinosaurs documentary?

[remote shadow]

Fuzzy T. rex. I’m game

[nocturne tapir]

I love the updated designs

I can't wait to see the spinosaurus episode

[fluid inlet]

What would we say is the most successful species around today in terms of just survivability

[remote shadow]

Ants

[balmy oyster]

Cats

[ionic crescent]

Horseshoe crab

The perfect lifeform

[cloud dagger]

Tardigrades

[scenic flame]

Bacterial bite is a very outdated view on komodo dragons, tldr they're actually very clean animals and will go out of their way to clean their mouths after a meal, also given that they're quite disease resistant, they can't also have an extremely bacteria loaded bite at the same time.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFaSswGnT0I&t=101s

[jagged trellis]

so this means the komodos we studied for that didn't brush their teeth

[zealous ravine]

Oh fun, I knew one of the two was outdated but couldn’t quite recall which one

[scenic flame]

yeah, though the venom thing is still like an active field of research tmk

[nocturne tapir]

Crocodiles or sharks I think

[cloud badger]

Nasty ahh comodos

[cloud badger]

This HAS to be elephant and blue whales
Their strategy and being Soo big nothing can touch you (well except for lions Wich may hunt elephants as an anomaly Or in the case of the mapula and savute lions and some others I do not know of actually have them on the main menue ,same goes for blue whales and orcas )
Aside from that some turtles usually the ones being the largest alive in their habitat like Galapagos turtles(although minus point for having weak offspring and not protecting them )
And also pangolins literally nothing gets them
And maybe porcupine maybe

[zealous ravine]

I mean the classic example is Tardigrades but my answer would probably be some sort of algae

[nocturne tapir]

I agree, but we also have to think about how vulnerable they are until they reach their adult state, it's always the young who the predators go after.

[cloud badger]

In this case the younger actually have an advantage since they're protected by the group up until a certain point
Only after 4 years old do they start to get hinted in the case of elephants and of course the older they get the harder it is since they grow bigger

[manic grail]

Thats the reason why i asked lol

[nocturne tapir]

Yeah, I was thinking about some kind of insect also, like dragonflies, they are great predators in both larval and adult form and dragonflies literally have the highest succes at hunting

[fluid inlet]

Dragonflies are amongst the best predators ever point blank

[cloud badger]

They still get prayed on
However if we're counting survivability as in success of a species rather than chance of survival of the individuals against outside forces they would actually place quite high not only are they great predator they're also quite the survivalist
That would also put may flys on at least top 10

[cloud badger]

Stargazer and sea horses would like a word with you

[warm saddle]

Beetles maybe? Or just insect in general

[nocturne tapir]

Yeah It's probably better to count those two factors instead only counting the chance of survival

[cloud badger]

Pigeons gotta place quite high

[nocturne tapir]

Yeppp they got so used to rural and city enviroments and since there are barely any predators they reproduce like crazy, I even had a pidgeon nest on my balcony, the chick hatched and flew off some months later

[balmy oyster]

Dragonflies are still more effective hunters imo, not to mention with such speeds and agility

[jagged trellis]

the difference between active and passive predators

[cloud badger]

The coolest Thing is that their nest are actually quite strong and not just random
They evolved them to me able to fit and hold their eggs between rocks and that why they live so great in cities, because it's all rocks

[nocturne tapir]

Yess, their natural enviroment was in high mountains, and since cities also have high altitudes, lots of places to nest and pretty much free food they adapted very well

[cloud badger]

But still stargazers are better because imagine separate evolving electricity even without needing it at all as you're basically poisonous so nothing wants to eat you and you're the only one who didn't evolve the ability to use electricity to communicate (or receive signals from it) Wich means they basically have the ability to make electric shocks only because they effing want to
POV: you've reached a perfect build and so you basically start stacking random buffs just for the fun of it

[steady rock]

https://x.com/NaturalArtDino/status/1914703232628125885

Meta Natural Art (@NaturalArtDino) on X

Mechanical Yutyrannus

X · Apr 22, 2025, 3:29 PM

[hardy sentinel]

Is Tracy Lee Ford a paleontologist who has accepted ideas? I am watching a video on his argument against dinosaurs having lips and I wanna know if I am wasting my time or not

https://youtu.be/3WUbLBTm0U4?si=X2rMlVyb59nc34e7

[zealous ravine]

I mean I don't think he's considered unreliable or anything but having watched the video I don't think he actually makes any good points lol

[hardy sentinel]

From what I am seeing he is basically just bringing up crocodiles and thinking the convergent evolution is ancestral (also claiming the teeth decay away despite no proof)

[zealous ravine]

mhm

[steady rock]

i forgot their names but what do you guys think are some species that would only eat plants or meat. i think their called obligatory herbivores/carnivores?

[kindred night]

A reminder that Tracy Ford once seriously thought that Psittacosaurus was semi-aquatic if that helps out your deliberation

[balmy oyster]

“he is basically just bringing up croco”—aaand that’s where most arguments usually start heading into invalid territory

[hardy sentinel]

Was it him bringing up crocodiles or me saying "he is basically just bringing up crocodiles"?

And is it invalid as the argument becomes invalid because it disrespected the other's position or it is invalid because the argument isn't a valid argument by scientific standing?

[steady rock]

is there any dinosaur a human could out run?

[arctic crane]

What is the actual size comparison between dasp torosus and allo fragilis? I always thought that they were very similar in size but I saw a comparison that put the average dasp as bigger

[zealous ravine]

Your average allosaurus is actually fairly small

[manic grail]

Ankylosaurus i think

[tribal ridge]

Idk. Sauropod probably.

[warm saddle]

Prob someyhing like big titanosaur

[arctic crane]

I know animals have a lot of individual variations in this kinda thing and that even if the two got to similar height they would weigh differently do to their different builds and prey preferences. I guess we also have more allo specimens. I'm just curious about the size of a full group allo and full grown dasp. To the best of our know

[hardy sentinel]

Just imagine the Allosaurus not in that pose that throws off scale

What were yall doing on January 24, 2020? It was the day Allosaurus Jimmadseni was described (I was playing Minecraft)

[jagged trellis]

large stegosaurs, ankylosaurs, ceratopsians and stouter end sauropods for gait that i know safely we could
the Usain bolt end speed atlasaurus

[tough parcel]

Red is fragilis

[hardy sentinel]

I would discount most Ceratopsians

[jagged trellis]

large end ones
triceratops and friends at what
14 mph zone aren't they

[manic grail]

Probably spino too

[tough parcel]

Bro thinks the average person is running faster than 15 mph 😭

[steady rock]

can i atleast out run majority of stegosaurids

[jagged trellis]

a
you know
i didn't think about that, thought people could get to 16 atleast
skill issue from them if a deformed person can outrun em ong
so retract large ceratopsians and some sauropods then lmao and semi large stegosaurs

[steady rock]

no way ankylosaurids are faster then the average human

[arctic crane]

It's a bit hard to tell comparing different images but between this pic and the one sirspicy posted I looked like the largest a.fragilis estimates are at least taller than d.torosus.

[tough parcel]

Yea, about

Lemme see if I have mine one sec

[jagged trellis]

how fast IS the average person thinking on it
is it really 10>

[steady rock]

irl

would you rather be chased by
a anodontosaurus
a amargasaurus
a barsboldia

[arctic crane]

I guess it's depending do you mean the average modern human in a 1st world nation that doesn't have to run very often or a human in a more "natural" state probably being more athletic and active

I guess an interesting question is who has the best chance to out running one of these slower dinos the average modern working class Americans, one for the 1800s, a medieval farmer or a paleolithic hunter gather?

[jagged trellis]

counterpoint
that would imply i am very much so faster than the average person
deformed me
( anyways looking at it more w the based gual)
it might be closer to 9

[frosty fulcrum]

Man for a second I thought Ulughbegasaurus was about to be some Titanic carnivore

I mean for it's time sure it was large, but hell, the newspage made it seem like it was "more massive than tyrannosaur"

[wind prairie]

for vertebrates, maybe
but like almost every insect is a better contender

[wind prairie]

he asked the most successful, not the largest lol.
Super large megafauna like elephants and rorquals can't maintain as big of a population or spread as far out as smaller things

[balmy oyster]

Orca’s and lions learned something called “teamwork”

ggez, giants stand no chance. 💪

[arctic crane]

Survivalilisty? On an individual level? I'd say those arctic sea muscles that can live to be 500 years old.

On a successful species level I'd say beetles

[hallow spear]

Unlikely, The majority are small

[steady rock]

what would be the average weight of stegosaurids would you say?

[hallow spear]

No clue stegosaurs are as cheeks when it comes to sampling

[arctic crane]

Would weight affect speed in a quadrupeds? Elephants are pretty large and they can out run people

[hallow spear]

Yes but no at the same time, mass does effect things but it works differently than just being too heavy. It’s about how your limbs adapt to your weight. In an elephants case they become columnar to support weight bearing and compressive loads

This doesn’t allow them to perform rapid gaits like galloping, it also technically means they are unable to run/sprint, they simply speed walk

[arctic crane]

And large ornithischians? How do their biomechanics compare?
Elephants don't gallop either. I guess I'd depend on the kind, a thyreophora might not need to run as fast as a ceratopsian might at least theoretically

[hallow spear]

Ceratopsians and stegosaurs both have things that limit their ability to run fast or run at all

Smaller stegosaurs and ceratopsians I could see engaging in rapid locomotion though

[arctic crane]

Maybe that's why they had such interesting weapons they could outrun their predators especially considering how theropods breathe

[steady rock]

besides the spikes, would mass herding/breeding be a secondary defense strategy for smaller stegosaurids?

[hallow spear]

There is already some evidence for social groupings or herding in Kentrosaurus, Hesperosaurus, Stegosaurus and some tracks from Spain which are supposedly quite large

Basically herding is very plausible if not partially supported in some species of stegosaurs

[steady rock]

weird question but, which are found in more stegosaurids, plates or spikes?

[arctic crane]

In modern mammalian herbavors herding behavior can vary heavy between species moose are solitary, elk have larger herds, white tail have smaller herds. Even different populations of the same species can vary

[hallow spear]

Plates can also be spikes Albeit it’s not commonly reffered to as that because it makes no sense

[hallow spear]

I also don’t know the answer to this because stegosauria is largely poorly sampled

[steady rock]

what do you mean? dont we have a bunch of them?

[arctic crane]

Something I just thought about herding. Herding behavior in herbavors is not just about predator prevention, it's also about available food and space. We don't often think about herbivores competing with each other, but they do. American bison don't have as many predators as African buffalo but they both form large herds because they live in large open grasslands. Moose are solitary because they live most in thicker forests and by riverways. Perhaps not less food but definitely less room. So herbivore dinos could work in a similar way. I know grass didn't evolve yet so I'm not sure about the exact specifics

[thorn grove]

bro just discovered ecology

But putting the sarcasm aside it is an often underlooked element of animal behavior. People tend to hard focus on predator/prey relationships because it's the flashiest part of ecology, but herbivore niche partitioning is just as important.

[jagged trellis]

wdym the 15 antelope who are all slightly varied in niche don't fight to the death over a bush any of them don't wanna eat!!!!

[hardy sentinel]

I have new motivation to become rich

Ima get rich and buy the Dakotaraptor specimen from that private collector so we can actually study it and see if the mf exists

[arctic crane]

We have a sickle claw from that pile in bones we call dakotaraptor right? That does imply that there was a large dromaeosaurid in hell creek or maybe a troodontid lol

[serene moat]

Hell naw🗣, w step and it's all over 🗣🗣🔥🔥🔥🔥

[halcyon cobalt]

the terrifying sickle hooved bull edmusthosaurus in question:

[crystal dock]

As Stego said they're poorly samples meaning we have a lot of them but their materials are either lackluster or their description is ass

[lavish frigate]

The rebirth size chart came out, is it just me or does quetz seem too short

[ancient crystal]

Its a failed clone, so that doesn't surprise me

[stiff osprey]

normally jp animals are oversized so it's pretty refreshing to see something on the smaller end. same for the spino

[frosty cedar]

It doesn't really matter, it's a genetically flawed one, but I was surprised as well when I learned that that's quetz. Thought it was a completely different pterosaur. The horn beak is what threw me off mostly.

[ancient crystal]

I'm glad they've gone this route tbh, no one can validly complain about accuracy when most of these animals are written to be innacurate even by 1993 standards

Doesn't stop people expecting prehistoric planet levels of accuracy from a JP film, but oh well

[tough parcel]

One could arguably say this was a perfect moment to fix the complaints of accuracy people

If they had highly accurate dinosaurs at the start but discarded them in favor of what they thought was right, it'd A) make the prior movie designs acceptable and B) carry the book/JW theme of "we didn't want realism, we wanted money"

[stiff osprey]

The perfect moment to fix the accuracy complaints was just not making the Dominion prologue have stupid looking JW dinosaurs living in the actual Cenozoic (yes Cenozoic) of North America, the franchise was beyond saving after that

[frosty cedar]

And I still don't quite understand what's the deal. JP/JW was never accurate, for in universe reasons and real life reasons. I also fail to understand why people complain about JW Dominion prologue this much, when we have velociraptors remains in North America, so it kind of makes every expectation of the franchise being scientifically accurate kind of pointless. Yes, the whole deinonychus/velo debate from the 90s was the reason, and the raptors are basically meant to be deinonychus, but the prologue kind of helps with cementing the fact that this universe has a wildly different natural history.

[outer tusk]

Where is the evidences for velociraptor remains being found in North America 😭

[frosty cedar]

I was saying as in "in Jurassic Park universe". They are digging up velos in the beginning of the movie.

[frosty cedar]

Although I do get some complaints. It's not mandatory in any way to be scientifically accurate, but they at least could've made dinos look visibly different. The only difference on Rex is having feathers in the past is kinda boring.

[ancient crystal]

Idk, I just don't know why anyone was going to these films with accuracy as an expectation in the first place or that it even was important. I guess dominion claimed to have pure genomes or whatever, but dominion was a poorly written dumpster fire anyway.

And I think this new film is exploring quite a few angles of the animals not being suited for display, not just them being too dangerous or ugly. The spinosaurus for example aren't accurate, but they have elements of the real animal that weren't known in 1993 and that are lacking in the sorna spinosaurus, ignoring their neck they may have been also thrown out due to the way their sails and tails looked.

[frosty cedar]

Idk, I just don't know why anyone was going to these films with accuracy as an expectation in the first place or that it even was important
Exactly. First and foremost, the most important reason for them not changing the designs is the brand recognition of the franchise. When you see a velociraptor from JP, you know it's fom JP just by how it looks.

[opaque kayak]

The dominion prologue giga and rex was in the cenozoic?

[calm agate]

The Cenozoic starts after the KPG so yeah, this line from it makes the Dominion Prologue Cenozoic

[frosty cedar]

It's the date people still can't get out of their heads.

[opaque kayak]

Bro they rounded out the numbers 🙏

[remote shadow]

That and Velociraptor being a scarier name

As for rebirth, I’m interested given who’s directing and producing it, might finally get a good movie out of the franchise since the second one

[frosty cedar]

The cinematography would be pretty decent at least, Gareth Edwards likes to show off scale.

[sterile trail]

I know the scenes with the Titanosaurus are going to be crazy

[stiff osprey]

The K-pg was 66.03 mya, so if they rounded down from 65.5 or something it's still in the Cenozoic lol

[sterile trail]

Shame Titanosaurus is a dubious genus ;-;

[stiff osprey]

Either that or the main story of Jurassic World happens 1 million years before our time, which is way funnier

Claire and Owen are Croods confirmed

[sterile trail]

Lol

[light osprey]

The Wikipedia page clearly says it tyrannosaurus lived to 66mya, which means there are Danian dinosaurs

[steady rock]

Do you guys think ANY dinosaur lived to see 65 million years or nah?

[opaque kayak]

Apparently it’s possible one bird ahh looking non avian dino managed to get to the danian

[light osprey]

Such as…. The bird

[remote shadow]

It’s possible. Though I’m not certain if there’s any evidence to back it up.

As for being half a million years off, honestly likely doesn’t matter that much. More importantly they did it because the common narrative (that isn’t correct) is 65m even though it’s 66m.

Does it matter to the story they are trying to portray? Not particularly, I’d say having the Giganotosaurus being around 30 million years after it should be fighting a T. rex from another location on the planet is far more of a problem.

In my opinion.

I’m also just sick of watching Dino’s “shrug off” the T. rex bite like it was peanuts

[opaque kayak]

I found it, it was this one, but it’s also dubious https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qinornis

[light osprey]

This is just a paleocene bird. We have lots of those

[stiff osprey]

For once in this franchise I wish I could see them hype up the new evil dinosaur that has an IQ of 3000 and is bulletproof only for it to fight an accurate Tyrannosaurus and get folded in the first bite

[remote shadow]

All of this. Maybe pull some notes from Godzilla 2014 in the finishers department.

[tulip gyro]

The rexes gotta win, so they can become some apex predators again. Jw messed up the reputation of rex

[pliant cedar]

imo it wasnt that jp rex was weak
they just used it as a punching bag against very overpowered dinosaurs to hype up the new villains

but now everyone thinks that jp rex is weak because those are the fights people remember

[fluid inlet]

JP spino owns u , JWD Giga owns u

[tough parcel]

Give me one fight a JP Rex won without outside intervention 😭 against something similar sized

[manic grail]

I hope spino fights against rex in the movie and wins

[arctic crane]

I'm just tired of the jw dinos looking so ugly. They looked pretty nice back in jo if a little skinny

[trim ocean]

Definitely feel like I’m gonna start something with this one but what is the consensus on the partial T. rex fossils of cope and Goliath? Personally I feel as if cope could be considered the new biggest as it’s a decently complete skeleton but Goliath I have a harder time sticking up for with only a femur.

[compact leaf]

better yet, make one of the sauropods kill it

[winter marsh]

I really wished it was a hatzegopteryx of some sort, or even thanatosdrakon, which would imply that the JWE2 species was actually a hint to this guy, but eh another quetz, whatever

[arctic crane]

My kingdom is a non-theropod herbavore kills anything in the new movie

[winter marsh]

titanosaurus squishes compy 🔥 🔥

[winter marsh]

iirc there is a hadrosaur fossil from 64 million years ago but I may be tweaking

[zealous ravine]

Neither are reliable enough to estimate size with any certainty

[steady rock]

omg, does it have a name or any papers?

wrong image im so sorry

[remote shadow]

So the femur estimates as a means to measure is “fairly” accurate if I recall?

[trim ocean]

But cope is more complete than even the best carch fossils?

[arctic crane]

I am contractually obligated to say birds

[zealous ravine]

If you mean carcharodontosaur in general then absolutely not, we have some very complete carcharodontosaurs, if you mean carcharodontosaurus proper then I’d argue it’s still a bit more complete than Cope

[scenic flame]

pretty sure that's def not the case

exhibit A and B

[trim ocean]

I mean proper and I’m really not trying to argue just curious what the consensus was

[zealous ravine]

The material is from different parts of the body so it’s hard to say exactly, but I’d argue the material we have for carch is at least more informative (keep in mind the top carch here is now Tameryraptor, so the skull is all we have

[trim ocean]

Thank you this was exactly what I was looking for and couldn’t find

[zealous ravine]

(That carch skeletal is quite outdated tho it’s just the only one I could find that only shows carch material and not Tamery, iirc this is currently the best Carch skel)

[trim ocean]

As to the more informative point I don’t disagree but for size estimates most if off femur for large theropods so I feel like as if that helps cope especially having almost a whole leg. In his validity that is

[zealous ravine]

Femur based size estimates haven’t proven super reliable lately iirc, and I’m pretty sure Rex leg proportions are known to vary.

[trim ocean]

Fair but I haven’t really seen much better. It’s not like going back to skulls is a good idea with that variation

[trim ocean]

I do stand corrected tho didn’t know one was so complete

[zealous ravine]

Oh yeah I wouldn’t say we can get an accurate estimate for carch either with the material we have

[trim ocean]

I just wanna believe something not even Rex just something hit over that 10 ton mark as a theropod

[undone rapids]

The only carch material there is the skull.

[zealous ravine]

I imagine something did, and it seems atm that the most likely species to is Rex, we just don’t have anything that can be reliable said to be that big iirc

[undone rapids]

Considering Big carchs existed for like what? 20+ mil years, yeah there were probably ones that had similar size ranges of rex, prob including ones we've already discovered but just don't have the same sample size as rex

[zealous ravine]

Yeah that skeletal was just to show what we currently think it looks like, the body is a composite of other carchs.

[balmy oyster]

Wait till I pull up the other 10 edits of “what we currently think it looks like”

Somehow carcha is legitimately worse off than spinosaurus. how odd

[undone rapids]

Carcha should have half-hip dip of meraxes and half-hip tower of conca

[opaque kayak]

I have no idea why, but even when I admit carch is my favorite dinosaur, I still have no idea why there are over 12 carch skeletal edits

[balmy oyster]

Just use tamery & tyrannotitan and call it a day I’m tired of people using a composite of every single giganotosaurine.

[balmy oyster]

This is just insane

[opaque kayak]

Hehe 1000 skeletal edits (it’s just a fraction of how much there is)

[jagged trellis]

jp rex has city level feats( most by proxy the lab explosion and carno for one) for some god forsaken reason
its so dumb

[stiff osprey]

Fun fact: you can make any animal have 1000 skeletal edits if you just throw in random traits from different artists' reconstructions for the vibes

[opaque kayak]

I’ve had a migrane from people telling me one of those are inheritantly better then the other and the other shouldn’t be used (it has a different lower mandible edit)

[remote shadow]

Isn’t there something about cope where the femur is also incomplete so they needed to use a different measurement point?

it isn’t like Scotty and Sue are under 10 tons anyway 😉

[balmy oyster]

Maybe I should just make my own and ignore everyone that tells me what to change or fix

I also like random’s cause it looks cool

[trim ocean]

What do you mean?

[tough parcel]

Did they delete it cause they’re wrong or they forgot smth…?

[trim ocean]

That’s what I’m wondering

[wind prairie]

that was found to have been washed into a more recent deposit

[winter marsh]

RIP

[lone heath]

Why didn't small, bird sized non-avian dinosaurs survive the mass extinction?

[remote shadow]

Excellent question

[pliant cedar]

they were all busted dinosaurs
giga had armor
spino was significantly larger and arms
indom was just rex 2.0
bro never stood a chance

[lone heath]

I miss their tails 💔

[tough parcel]

So what you're saying is the JP/W Rex is weak

[pliant cedar]

NOOOO
its just that those 3 were overpowered

[balmy oyster]

It gets mauled by everything so maybe

[pliant cedar]

you wouldnt all be laughing when paleo rex entered jp...

indom will quiver in fear..

[steep gyro]

Does anyone want to friend me on ps to play path of titans together

[steady rock]

what island would you realistically survive the longest on

nublar
gondwa
the isle sparrow

[steep gyro]

Gondwa because it has lots of berry bushes and has tons of fish

[fluid inlet]

You not surviving the sparrow lil bro

[pliant cedar]

gondwa
u are like slightly larger than an acorn so you wouldnt be noticed by anything
critters would end us tho

[steady rock]

hatz can swallow things 2 meters wide?

[stiff osprey]

no it cannot

[steady rock]

@fleet creek you lied to me isaweverythibg

[fleet creek]

Prehistoric planet lied to me

[balmy oyster]

Prehistoric planet also has a dadbod tyrannosaurus

[compact leaf]

Hank the Tank

[zealous ravine]

The thing about PhP Rex is it isn’t even that big, it’s just got legs that are too short

[severe yew]

bro, i saw this and wondered if could be real

[stiff osprey]

Is the whole wing 1 solid bone, or did it preserve the skin but only on the wings

check out that back leg splitting into two in the middle

[storm heron]

Where's its scapula

[halcyon cobalt]

me too

[balmy oyster]

AI will be the first to mind control you

[balmy oyster]

It had twice the amount of soft tissue a tyrannosaurus should have.

[zealous ravine]

Not really when you compare it to a skeletal

[fluid inlet]

Really? That much?

[sterile trail]

Yeah, Tyrannosaurus was a hefty boi

[fluid inlet]

🐐

[arctic crane]

Edit because I was led astray.

This shows convergent evolution in ornithischians front limbs

[balmy oyster]

Yes really, especially when compared to a skeletal

Blurry image but look at the sheer amount of soft tissue they used

[lavish frigate]

https://tenor.com/view/good-grief-hes-naked-plankton-gif-22598662

[light osprey]

Because the entire wing is ossified, it secondarily lost its scapula to reduce weight

[rose gate]

https://youtu.be/fJIl_R9xUuk?si=jRpJYTx2JK8myw12

[surreal stone]

Does anybody have a camptosaurus dorsal?

[zealous ravine]

That's not accurate to the final model, I'll find the better one later

[fluid inlet]

Cycadeoidaceae was built different, literally

https://cdn.britannica.com/66/141466-050-81DA391B/Cycadeodia.jpg

[fossil ingot]

It still has more Soft Tissue when any Rex Skeletal

[wheat folio]

How accurate is this?

[balmy oyster]

Not as much anymore

[wheat folio]

Ik saro is Allo anax. Is there anything else?

[balmy oyster]

Most if not all the sauropod’s skeletals that were used are either remade or going to be + the stegosaurs, and fosterovenator is most likely not a elaphrosaur

Otherwise the only issue is that this art piece is just old & a lot of the stuff that it used will/has been remade

[arctic crane]

Are all those sauropods contemporary? It's wild to think the morrison could support so many different kinds of incredibly large herbavors

[steady rock]

you gotta remember how big morrision was

[balmy oyster]

most did but a lot also existed either in a different time or somewhere entirely else in the morrison

not only was the morrison huge but it also spanned for I believe 10 million years? which is quite a huge amount of time

[fluid inlet]

You be surprised how many different creatures can co exist without human interference bud

[arctic crane]

Ya that's true, plus the dinosaurs weren't bound to the formation they could obviously move about the whole continent. Still though that a lot of massive presumably warmblood megafanma all munching on leaves

The niche partitioning must be crazy lol

[stiff osprey]

Actually surprising there aren't more giant carnivores given the sauropod diversity

Perhaps we need to split Edmarka again

[fluid inlet]

There is we just haven’t found them

I’d bet your kidney there is some big theropods waiting to be unearthed especially in South America

[tough parcel]

I don’t think the Morrison stretches to South America 💔

[arctic crane]

How fast to sauropods age? Maybe the full grown "predator proof" individuals where pretty few and far between. There are a ton of decently sized carnivores in the morrison. Maybe they ate so many babies they kept the population lower

[stiff osprey]

Large ones can take 25+ years to reach full size, so yes, the vast majority of a species would be juveniles and subadults

[fluid inlet]

I was speaking in general bud not limited to n.a 👩‍🍼

[tough parcel]

The current conversation was regarding Morrison predator populations so I’m not sure why you’d speak “in general”

[tough parcel]

I’m guessing we don’t have much (if any?) data on stuff like Haplocanthosaurus?

[arctic crane]

There was a recorded intense recently of a full grown whale (humpback I believe) that was very old and sick that was killed by a lone tiger shark. It was just to sick to fight back probably and it died to blood loss. I would definitely see an allo slowly wearing down and very big but very old and sick brachiosaurus several times it's size

[tough parcel]

Thought that was a great white?

[opaque kayak]

I also heard of this one time where two 200 kg or so bull sharks killed a trapped, disoriented subadult blue whale over multiple days

[arctic crane]

It's been a while I don't remember exactly. Both are known to feed on cetaceans though

[tough parcel]

Perhaps it was a juvenile Megalodon…?

[arctic crane]

Looking into it seems both sharks have had record acoustic of attacking large but sick or injured whales. The white shark one was recorded though

[balmy oyster]

I still think there’s a bunch more allosaurs than we thought but allosauridae is such a mess

[halcyon cobalt]

the illusive deep sea megalodon

[remote shadow]

More likely than not true.

Trying to class things off of phenotypes when you are missing massive pieces of the puzzle is educated guesswork most of the time. even without missing pieces we rearrange things quite often

[balmy oyster]

I mean we do also have like 40+ sauropod species, I don’t see why several allosaurus species is not probable

We also do apparently have a lot more allosaur material that needs to be looked into & properly described

[compact leaf]

we have a lot of morrison material in general that needs to be looked into and clarified

[steady rock]

whats the more studied formation, hell creek or morrison?

[zealous ravine]

Hell Creek for sure

[fluid inlet]

Morrison better

[zealous ravine]

Won’t disagree there

[steady rock]

is the Shaximiao Formation the asian version of the morrison formation?

[zealous ravine]

Not quite, iirc upper Shax is a bit earlier and lower Shax is much earlier, and the fauna is very different, though I suppose it is the best look we have at what Asia would have been like during the Morrison

There’s actually a decent gap between upper and lower Shax, and I’m pretty sure the Shishugou formation kinda fits between em, with a bit of overlap with upper Shax

[frigid delta]

what happened to Callovosaurus?

[balmy oyster]

it died

[ionic crescent]

Se calló

[pastel yarrow]

It got dubious'd i think

[undone rapids]

The return of Jurassic T. rex....

[outer tusk]

What about a t.rex-sized tyrannosauroid?

[balmy oyster]

bahariasaurus

[outer tusk]

bahariasaurus morrionensis

[frigid delta]

nah he's fine juts find out

[pastel yarrow]

My B

[tulip gyro]

https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs42003-025-07653-4
amazing

[sinful trench]

When paleontologists show fully built dinosaurs, oxalaia for example where we have so little for the holotype, do they just take liberties on putting pieces that don’t exist together or is there a science behind that as well

[warped peak]

Compare relatives

You could call it liberties but the vast majority of fossils have massive holes that need to be filled with relatives

[sinful trench]

But what I’m getting at is with so little to go off of how would you determine it having relatives?

[tough parcel]

Because a spinosaur snout is very distinctive

As for other fragments, it's a toss-up because some are named when they shouldn't be named and the confusion is understandable (Erythrovenator)

But other times, it's simply just because paleontologists have the eyes of a hawk and are able to take note of differences and similarities to known animals that we, as people who didn't dedicate 90% of their schooling lives to bone identification, might miss

[sinful trench]

I appreciate the answers 🙂 it’s always been one of those things that I’ve asked myself especially due to mixups that happen when determining genus. Can’t remember the name but it was a theropod that turned out to be a sauropod. And then you have the case of nano tyrannyus which is just a juvenile trex (supposedly, I think that’s still up in the air)

[tough parcel]

You're thinking of Saurophaganax for that first one

That's what I mean when I say "shouldn't have been named" because iirc, the material (for the holotype which is the important thing) was unable to be distinguished between theropod or sauropod

[sinful trench]

So in the case of a holotype being incredibly identifiable, then that’s when they’d slap a name and genus on it?

[scenic flame]

the quality of preservation is a big factor in that regard

also to answer the above, not everyone does their science with the same level of diligence or responsibility

[tough parcel]

Yea, the holotype is meant to be the point of reference for your new animal which is why paleontologists try to have the best specimen to be the one used as the holotype

Unfortunately, this doesn't always happen and we get taxonomic messes like Saurophaganax or Dynamoterror

[sinful trench]

So especially in the case of oxalaia, would the geographic location not be put into question with it being so far away from modern day Egypt? Or would that question pose a new one of the swimming capabilities and possible migration of either synonymous species of spinosaurids

[tough parcel]

Sarcosuchus has a species (S. harti) from South America so it's not unprecedented

[tough parcel]

"The results of our phylogenetic analysis further indicate a possible closer relationship of the western African carcharodontosaurids with taxa from South America. This is also found in other tetrapods from the Kem Kem Beds and other western African localities. Thus, uruguayosuchid, pholidosaurid and peirosaurid crocodyliforms are known from the Kem Kem Group and other western African localities, as well as South America (see [18, 161, 176–178], and references therein), but are absent or at least rare (in the case or peirosaurids) in eastern Africa. Likewise, rebbachisaurid sauropods are common in the Aptian-Cenomanian of South America [179] and western Africa [164, 166, 167, 180] but have not yet been recorded from eastern Africa. Thus, it seems that western Africa might have had closer biogeographical ties with South America than with eastern Africa in the “Mid” Cretaceous, possibly due to the establishment of the trans-Saharan seaway during that time."

• Tameryraptor paper

[sudden wind]

So what happens is that :

• Paleontologists find a fossil.
  They get it out of the rock and plaster it, either preserving or not the matrix. The fossil will be given a code name that will be used as its reference.

• They look at the fossil, they note the characters that they an find. These characters will be assigned to the specimen within a matrix that will result in a phylogenetic analysis. The results may put the fossil within known taxon or not. Depending of the similarities shared with other established taxon, it may or not be assigned to say taxon. You could also possibly not place it within an existing taxon if you have arguments in favor of distinguishing your specimen, which will then become the holotype of this new taxon.

[sudden wind]

Geography can be sometimes a good indicator if evidenced by, for example, a phylogenetical cluster : a group of species from the same region all sharing the same similarities, possibly inherited from one common ancestor that did have said characters.

However, finding fossils in similar areas is not necessarily an indicator or common ancestry : some animals can come from different lineages or migration waves and then not mix with populations that came before them. I don't have a particular example below my hand but I do know it happens and it is more easily evidenced within extant taxa than in fossil ones thanks to genetics.

[serene moat]

Are these speeds still accurate or are some not accurate anymore, isn't carnos speed like 56-62kmph now (for example?) AS I believe this pic was sent in this chat back in 2022

[fluid inlet]

https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(25)00308-2

this is what they took from you

[tough parcel]

No, nothing's changed

[hallow spear]

there probably is more, the morrison fm seems to be cryptic and overly lumped

[halcyon cobalt]

maybe the Morrison formation continued into Eurasia like the Pleistocene mammoth steppe

[trim ocean]

Thought I should add this here as I was lucky enough to see it. This is happy at the Cleveland history museum he is the holotype and only known fossil of his species. His head wasn’t even found it was just based off of closely related species. Very neat specimen

Ignore my gf tho sorry

[remote shadow]

This is currently undetermined

[umbral kite]

guys do u think saruopods fought over who gets to mate

[fluid inlet]

Why wouldn’t they is the question

[tough parcel]

https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-025-02372-0

Microraptor has freaky leg wings

[broken steeple]

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/1234931423815925882/1277964115448692756/received_411036903970653.gif

[fluid inlet]

Real

[compact leaf]

he got pants now

[steady rock]

someone said we've been knowing they had leg feathers when i sent it in backer chat 😭

[wind prairie]

me waiting for the inevitable australian megatheropod (one day...)

[cloud badger]

No get a spider that has specifically evolved to have potent venom against apes specifically in a place where no apes live

[tough parcel]

Evidence they cannot read? Clearly it's an extension of the known feathers

[steady rock]

@bronze pendant

[tough parcel]

Like if we take this and compare the new diagram, there's clearly more stuff going on

[severe yew]

i can guarantee you that in reality most of these speeds are wrong, and also there is no way of knowing for sure

these are all just simple estimates, so don't worry too much, bro

[tough parcel]

Yea these speeds are fine and are not actually that far off @severe yew as they are supported by possible trackways

They may, in fact, be too slow as the author (Larramendi) could not properly account for the caudofemoralis muscle which is a large locomotor muscle at the base of the tail for dinosaurs but they're a good ballpark

If anyone wishes to do the math themselves

[severe yew]

oh, yea

if these are based on actual dinosaurs tracks, then yes i would believe they are accurate

i thought they were based on computer modeling or something like that, lol

[tough parcel]

No they're not based on dinosaur tracks, just that the trackways would corroborate the speeds at which the animals were moving

They're based on everything in the image I just sent

[severe yew]

and if there is an actual science about it, then even more credible 👍

[steady rock]

smaller stegosaurids, average ceratopsians and hadrosaurs were probably the most commonp prey items, they'd be like the zebra and wildebeast of their formations

[severe yew]

do you have a more comprehensive list of credible dinosaur speeds (not just theropods) ?

[tough parcel]

No because the guy has only released a book on theropods to date afaik a book on ornithischians is due soon™️ but I dunno when

[severe yew]

oh, i see

[warped peak]

Wasn't there a sauropod one too

[tough parcel]

Oh yea

I forgor but I don't have that one

[compact leaf]

go ask brick if you need that one btw

[steady rock]

altasaurus:

[severe yew]

what book is that (author) by the way?

[tough parcel]

Effort I need to finish my final paper that's due in 5 hours

Larramendi is the author

[zealous ravine]

I actually have it as a matter of fact so I can look up speeds if anyone has a particular species they’re curious about

[steady rock]

amargasaurus

[stiff osprey]

slow

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/tweaking-out-black-guy-tweaking-meme-gif-6022943353035016664

[bronze pendant]

Who's pinning me?!!! 😑

[steady rock]

me, you have eyes to see who

[bronze pendant]

Trying to Dino right now 🫵

What's up?

[tough parcel]

Microraptor hind wings, they've been updated to be much bigger and seemingly more complex

[bronze pendant]

Ok?

Is that why my Rex game was interrupted? 🤣

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/crash-out-crashing-out-dem-shill-crashing-out-dem-shll-crash-out-dem-shill-gif-7711190705024656490

[bronze pendant]

Next time you ping me, I want to read about the paper that says Spino actually had no legs . . .

[jagged trellis]

well yeah
the easier to nair rex with

[tough parcel]

https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-025-02372-0

[brave nova]

Stop tryna give them ideas…

[steady rock]

me explaining how spinosaurus hasnt had any major changes since 2021 - 2022

[crisp spire]

tru

[fallow citrus]

omg whats that gif called i’ve been looking for it for ages 🥀

[steady rock]

idk i just downloaded it tbh

[fluid inlet]

I’m sorry you had to go through that

[dry kindle]

Was I the only person who did not know that hibbertopterus was around the size of a black bear?

[crisp spire]

dangg that would be one heck of a catch for food

[warped peak]

Most people don't know. There's footprints corresponding to a 400+ kg specimen as well

[hardy sentinel]

Mammals somehow not evolving out of getting a milk allergy when they aren't babies is for some reason the funniest thing to me

Like dawg our clade are the ones who made it wym we can't have it

[warped peak]

In the wild, grown men don't tend to drink from the nipples of nursing manatees so it makes sense they wouldn't learn to lose it

[thorn grove]

wait people dont normally do that

[hardy sentinel]

I know, but it's weird that there would be an evolutionary pressure to lose the ability to drink milk at a certain age

[warped peak]

It's not that there's a pressure to lose it, it's that being able to drink milk is actually hard on the body typically

[rancid dove]

is big??

[manic grail]

https://tenor.com/view/bloodborne-gif-23127920

[quasi token]

VERY big , well some anyway

[hardy sentinel]

And despite knowing how dangerous it is on our body, lactose intolerant people decided to keep eating cheese pizza and ice cream

[warped peak]

The one up top (Terropterus) isn't nearly that large but the rest are accurate

There's other fun huge ones too

[quasi token]

the fossil there seems to be megalograptus if your asking for that, which is a bit bigger than the smaller ones on the size chart tmk

[tough parcel]

This is because lactose intolerant people are masochists

[scenic flame]

lactose intolerant people when I spray them with Hydrochloric acid

[rancid dove]

cool can't wait to play and hunt little dinosaurs on the beach or amphybian

[manic grail]

https://tenor.com/view/lactose-intolerant-people-when-they-gif-11504237605464572464

[rancid dove]

do you remember ?

[rich vessel]

Oh yeah I learned about that

[balmy oyster]

Isn’t it weird how we know more about spinosaurus than carcharodontosaurus?

[hardy sentinel]

We know more about Goliath the T. rex than Charcharodontosaurus

[tough parcel]

This is because the Spinosaurus has a new specimen

Carcharodontosaurus does not

[balmy oyster]

Spino doesn’t really have a new specimen (minus the schimitar crest one) the neotype just had more material recovered

[tough parcel]

Yes…that’s what I said?

[river moon]

Now I’m thinking and wondering if hibber would be agresive and eat our toes or being like living battering rams

[balmy oyster]

Kinda, kinda not.

[tough parcel]

Last I checked, Carchar did not have a new skeleton discovered in the past several decades

Spinosaurus got the “neotype”

[balmy oyster]

Well you said spino has a “new specimen” but the schimitar crest is prob a different species

[tough parcel]

I didn’t even think of it because A) it’s not published and B) it’s not published

[balmy oyster]

Before it releases in 3 years we finna get a leak describing the entire material and the exact age it was when it died and what it ate previously

[light osprey]

C)…. (Published?) 😊

[dry kindle]

Only kids from the cambrian period remember 😭

[severe yew]

a freakn nightmare to walk on the beach and accidentally step on one of these water scorpion looking things 😬

[balmy oyster]

Stingray type stuf

[steady rock]

who has material, spino or carch?

[balmy oyster]

Spino skeletal dated but the material colored in should be accurate

[halcyon cobalt]

are tail clubs typically only found in armoured animals

[balmy oyster]

Not necessarily, since we have some mammenchisaurs & shunosaurus that have clubs while having no “armour” preserved

[halcyon cobalt]

are those exceptions cause I can’t think of any others

[balmy oyster]

me either lol maybe not, since tail clubs from what I’ve seen tend to evolve with armour as something usually for intraspecific combat but an animal could evolve the same or similar even without armoured keratin/hide

[hardy sentinel]

Goofy part is Charch got negative discovery because now the photos of some destroyed Charch fossils are now Tameryraptor

[fossil ingot]

All Carcha has is the Neotype which is a Skull
The Rest became Tamery

[lilac hornet]

they really said "im deboning you" to carcha

[balmy oyster]

Hopefully we find some postcrania that can at least be somewhat assigned to carcha

[sterile trail]

What is your favorite Eurypterid? Mine's Megalograptus

[zealous ravine]

Don’t forget at least one stegosaur

[zealous ravine]

Iirc there’s a bit more cranial material than that, this skel is prolly even more outdated but I believe the material is correct

[balmy oyster]

I was only showing the neotype specimen, but yeah spinosaurus as a whole does have a little more

[zealous ravine]

Gotcha, yeah makes sense

[steady rock]

are elephants black or grey

[opaque kayak]

There is nothing which is black and white in life, so he must be gray

[steady rock]

blackberries are black

[thorn grove]

panda

but also I've never heard anyone suggest elephants being black lmao

[errant juniper]

How big was diplocaulus mouth? I’ve seen it protrayed as having a small mouth somtimes a big one I look at the fossils and I can’t tell

[severe yew]

damn, that big one has the silhouette of a dog from hell, a huge hellhound

[sudden wind]

Some of the proportions are quite off. Same for the posture.

Also why is it so lightly feathered?

New information on the Hind limb feathering, soft tissues and skeleton of Microraptor (Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae) https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-025-02372-0

[ionic crescent]

I can explain! The proportions are from this skeletal (I know second image is the one who shall not be named but helps for the up view)

The general "skin wrapping" is cause Hammond drew the muscles and drew the feathers over. Mainly cause I asked for it, to help as guidance when doing feathers for the SCULPT. So, but the leg zone, everything else won't have noticeable muscles

The only thing that is off is the leg placement which I asked myself to be like that, so it's easier to sculpt the "underside", something easily fixable on the low poly topo

So the rest of "beefiness", is actually feathers, based of fowls, like turkeys and even Muscovy duck (we know Gastornis is closer to galloanseridae nowadays)

[elfin leaf]

The second skeletal is from David Peters just saying (he needed to be named)

[ionic crescent]

Gotta say the skel from the second image is traced from the skeleton the one who I replied posted (which for the time it was mounted it was accurate)

But the ischium zone

Any other observation that wasn't specified before, that we missed while doing the concept art, is welcome btw

[peak jetty]

Finally a skeletal that doesn't add a little notch between the sail and tail vertebrae

[sudden wind]

Something that felt off at first sight was the leg proportion : the humerus is almost at equal length as the tibia on the concept art, resulting in a shortie rendition. I don't have the measurements below my hand, but it seems to be quite leggy in shown above skeletal, with a tibia much longer than the humerus. Adding to this the tarsometatarsus, the leg portion below the knee should be significantly longer.

Something I do not understand with the artwork is the eye positioning : in the front view we have forward facing eyes, suggesting a binocular vision, and on the side view we have eyes positioned on the sides of the skull.

Another thing that I find weird is the tail fan implantation. There are feathers of various length overriding one another and they all are located at around the pygostyle, which I can't think of any bird having such condition. I birds, the more central feathers are the longest and override the more distal feathers in birds. May I say that I only include Neognathes in my reasoning as Palaeognathes don't really have a tail fan to begin with.

I think that's all I can sya for now.

[ionic crescent]

Oh right, the humerous is shorter, you're right. I'll let Hammond know to fix leg proportions

As for eyes:
https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/gastornis-diatryma-skull-cast-vcu-3d-4720-1c38869f3790408ab29d31501b0c8b1d

We used this as ref, the eyes would "bulge" out like some fowls, but the rest of the frontal view is exaggerated to help making the low poly easier. It would certainly not have a perfect binocular vision but some kind of turkey like vision

As for the tail stuff it was more of a reference, but can be sorted out for the concept as well yeye

Thanks for the input

@sudden wind just noticed but probably tail stuff is just something of perspective cause this is how it looks from up view

Can still be sorted out to match closer relatives like turkeys or fowls in general

[frigid delta]

Rex the second they see Edmonto (they cookin):

[frigid delta]

have you guys ever encounter a Brontosaurus denier in this big 25?

[errant juniper]

Thanks! I couldent find a good picture of its jaw

[keen forum]

there is some bit of the lower jaw as well

[tough parcel]

💀 Sobbing

[keen forum]

it never ends

[tough parcel]

True...however this does mean I get to ambush you

[lofty creek]

lol
seems that AG need to redesign their Microraptor
it's really a weird guy

Novas informações sobre as penas dos membros posteriores, tecidos moles e esqueleto do Microraptor (Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae)
https://t.co/CtLKSKoYyn

[lavish frigate]

My honest reaction to all this information

[stiff osprey]

...why did they restore it with six wings?

[lofty creek]

bcz it really had 6 wings
or that part of feather on the hindlimb
I dunno if it's proper to call them wings but they are really unique

read the paper bro

[stiff osprey]

I have, and I guarantee you nowhere in the paper do they suggest it had six wings. The new structure is interesting if true but sadly they don't have any figures showing what it would look like

[lofty creek]

tbh I dont persist in calling that a "wing"…
but that structure does exist, the question is how it was like

[stiff osprey]

closest we got is this, where the feathers just smooth the distance between the knee and foot, but this is with the animal dead and flattened so 🤷

[short river]

What if microraptor had 7 wings and 6 eyes, and it just wasn't fossilised

[lofty creek]

a new speices of Microraptor then
M. lovecrafti

[short river]

And when it awakens, all who stand before it will fall

Or something, I don't know

[halcyon cobalt]

Sharovipteryx reborn ❤️

[zealous ravine]

I know we have shed feathers believed to come from archaeopteryx, so it certainly seems plausible to me!

[plucky basin]

can someone please give me some more ideas for prehistoric animals to add in my story 🙏 (if you some errors in the info, its because i didnt finish them cuz im lazy sometimes)

[elfin leaf]

[hardy sentinel]

Mexidracon

[lavish frigate]

I want to swallow a Landmine. Why does this exist

[proper dove]

Ai garbage lol

[velvet burrow]

Talenkauen?

[plucky basin]

thats actually a very good idea! talenkauen is a good one too! @velvet burrow

but im also gonna need something thats more big and gives that "uh oh" or "wow" vibe

[severe yew]

the weight was 276 pounds, that's it?

[jagged trellis]

it looks like one of those spec evos where the prompt is
cow but carnivore

[candid magnet]

Mega hyena

[lavish frigate]

Why did people think I was talking about Epicyon lol, I meant the ai image

[severe yew]

oh, lmao 😆

[velvet burrow]

What about Ekrixinatosaurus
And Bajadasaurus

[plucky basin]

Yeah, I got an abelisaur planned so im gonna consider adding it
im also gonna consider bajadasaurus since i need a sauropod

[balmy oyster]

TITANOVENATOR

[severe yew]

damn, one of the most paleontologically realistic dino figures 😭

i was about to order a few

[plucky basin]

@velvet burrow

also, i couldnt find good paleoart of talenkauen so im replacing it with something else (an ankylopollexian), any ideas?

[keen tundra]

How's is this apatosaurus drawing?

[keen tundra]

Kinda reminds me of a biblical accurate qngle

[outer tusk]

tail lenght seems a bit too long

[keen tundra]

Okay thank you

[soft spear]

Tyranosaur Need more Break time, Like 15 sec

[keen tundra]

Eny construction criticism on this styracosaurus?

[severe yew]

add color, shades, details

[fast hollow]

Hey y’all, is there a good place to find skeletals pretty easily?

[severe yew]

i just google

[tough parcel]

Ask here or some other adjacent paleo-chat and you'll be granted the best skeletals...90% of the time vs Google which provides the best 10% of the time

[fast hollow]

Gotcha, gotcha, tysm!

[tough parcel]

Can't say anything since it's clearly meant to be pretty heavily stylized

Only suggestion might be no quills but as I said, it's close enough that the style can be excused for any possible issues (Though I would erase the second brow horn as that would not be visible due to the head's angle)

[velvet burrow]

Gonkoken maybe?

[keen tundra]

Thank you for the feedback!

[plucky basin]

the first thing i see

[velvet burrow]

LMAO WHY

[hardy sentinel]

Deinosuchus isn't a true crocodillian anymore.... (according to dinofax and wikipedia)

https://tenor.com/view/defeat-gif-26742422

[light osprey]

According to a new paper

[fossil ingot]

What was the reason again.
I have the Paper but to lazy

[hardy sentinel]

Salt Glands

https://youtube.com/shorts/6H6QymLbgYw?si=XXG-XAMo-ukOca1k

[fossil ingot]

I mean
Hows that bad tho
We know of Crocs that still were able to be on Salt

[lilac hornet]

idk being a gator is still just as cool

[hardy sentinel]

Since you have the paper, can you send it so I can go over it? I am being told the salt glands are the reason and I don't understand it entirely

[fossil ingot]

https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs42003-025-07653-4

[hardy sentinel]

I ain't understanding it all that well, but I think it's something to do with distrubution. I wish there was a way to look at a simplified form of this so I don't need to go by complicated speak

Only halfway through the paper though so maybe it will make more sense

[frigid delta]

what abt this Ekrix?
https://carnivores-continuum.fandom.com/wiki/Ekrixinatosaurus

[steady rock]

question, does apato have neck spikes/like, idk, stuff on its neck? its usually depicted with them but i dont know if their accurate or what their based on

[hardy sentinel]

Half of specimens do, half don't. I saw a paper speculating it on being sexual dimorphism to assist females in holding their tails up during copulation

Just speculation on being sexual dimorphism though so take it with a grain of salt

[frigid delta]

so basically like male has but female don't?

[hardy sentinel]

Female has male doesn't

[frigid delta]

female is emo then

[hardy sentinel]

If being emo prevents your tail from getting broken then so be it

[steady rock]

wait, how does neck spikes relate to the tai?

[zealous ravine]

If you mean the ones on the back, we dont know if Apato did but its relatives did so it might, if you mean the ones on the bottom, those are pure speculation based on the fact that their necks were seemingly reinforced for downward force

[hardy sentinel]

Because the spikes are all linked together (I think) and the more spikes running up your back the more tail support while a heavier male is on you

Are you talking about the neck spikes on top of the neck or the neck spikes under the neck?

[frigid delta]

under the necks

[hardy sentinel]

Speculation based on phylogenetic bracketing

[steady rock]

like this ( look at the black )

[frigid delta]

why turtles hates black?

[hardy sentinel]

I did see this thing from a guy on reddit

"It's a hypothesis trying to explain what those giant bosses on the end of Brontosaurus' neck vertebrae were and why Apatosaurines put so much evolutionary energy in making their necks into the strongest battering ram this side of the Jurassic.

https://svpow.com/2015/09/14/so-what-were-apatosaurs-doing-with-their-crazy-necks/"

Sauropod Vertebra Picture of the Week (@[e-mail])

So what were apatosaurs doing with their crazy necks?
We’ve noted that the Taylor et al. SVPCA abstract and talk slides are up now up as part of the SVPCA 2015 PeerJ Collection, so anyone who’s interested has probably taken a look already to see what it was about. (As an aside, I am delighted to see that two more abstracts have been added to the collection since I wrote about it.)

It was my privilege to present a talk on our hypothesis that the distinctive and bizarre toblerone-shaped necks of apatosaurs were an adaptation for intraspecific combat. This talk was based on an in-progress manuscript that Matt is lead-authoring. Also on board is the third SV-POW!sketeer, the silent partner, Darren Naish; and artist/ethologist Brian Engh.

Here is our case, briefly summarised from five key slides. First, let’s take a look at what is distinctive in the morphology of apatosaur cervicals:

Here I’m using Brontosaurus, which is among the more extreme apatosaurs, but the…

Sauropod Vertebra Picture of the Week · Sep 14, 2015, 7:45 AM

[frigid delta]

what abt Brontosaurus denier in this big 25?

[hardy sentinel]

Brontosaurus deniers are stuck in the past and sad they can't tell people their favorite dinosaur doesn't exist anymore (it's been ten years since they've said that and it's been true)

[steady rock]

wait, brontos neck would be able to handle the force of being a battering ram?

[hardy sentinel]

Most sauropods necks probably could

[steady rock]

giraffe type battering ram?

[candid magnet]

That'd be interesting to see

[steady rock]

do the spikes on the back of apato count as ostroderms?

[stiff osprey]

no, they are not bone (also they're not known from Apatosaurus, just an indeterminate diplodocid)

[steady rock]

oh what are they then, scales? keratin?

[balmy oyster]

I always thought it wasn't

[hardy sentinel]

What makes you say that? Was it gut feeling or did you have a reason to suspect it wasn't?

[balmy oyster]

cause I was told it was right outside of crocodilia or whatever group “true crocodiles” are in

[hardy sentinel]

Has it always been like that? If so it was never a true Crocodillian. I was told it was an Alligatoroid like Alligators and Caimens

[balmy oyster]

I was told that for puru

[frigid delta]

Deinos is an Alligator so it's still crocodilians

[hardy sentinel]

Not as of recent, it's placed outside Crocodilia

[frigid delta]

👿

[hardy sentinel]

It was the same for both Puru and Deinosuchus until recently

[lavish obsidian]

Is that 2 apatas in the last pic? Cant see very well

[steady rock]

BoB bronto and BoB apato

[lavish obsidian]

Oh k Ty

Bronto and apato are very similar from what I see in the images that pepole create (but still yea they look different)

[timid owl]

hi chat (if slowmode is that bad here too i will die)

[stiff creek]

So why doesn’t anyone include feathers on Rex anymore? Was there a new study ?

[halcyon cobalt]

because the paleo meme died out

[hardy sentinel]

Because the more derived Tyrannosaurids lacked feathers as adults, as seen with skin impressions

[main notch]

Maybe illogical ramble coming up

Bergman’s rule is a thing where the colder the environment is the larger the animals will become, this goes for birds and mammals, however then my mind went to non avian dinosaurs and sauropods in particular, because during their reign the earth was overall hotter then today and the ice age, so how the hell did they have megafauna,

I am not smart enough to give an awnser but this sort of thing I question, cus dinosaurs I feel like conflict with the entire idea of Bergman’s rule

[halcyon cobalt]

it’s not really a rule tmk, and there are differences in biology between dinosaurs and mammals that helps them get much larger

such as the mammalian placenta basically putting a limiter on size because of gestation time

[jagged trellis]

its not the only factor
niche partioning, the ability to supply said size ranges, archosaurs being built airey( yes birbs too) shift alot
just its a general trend within groups to be able to handle colder weather( bear moment), not the key bit
we had several ton mega sloths in most of south america as a example despite being somewhat warm

[plucky basin]

no..

[charred gulch]

Yeah there is peers who already disagrees with it saying this:

Adam Cossette “I disagree with species of Deinosuchus being saltwater tolerant."

And

Cossette adds to Science that he’s skeptical of the paper’s claim that Deinosuchus swam across the Western Interior Seaway, because each side of the water had its own species of the reptile. If they could easily cross the gap, he notes, the animals would have interbred.

Also

“Just because you cross [the sea] once, it doesn’t mean that you are a marine animal able to cross it indefinitely,” Rabi argues to Science, standing behind his findings. “It might have been just a single event.”

So yeah the paper seems to have criticism which I can stand by tbh.

[scenic flame]

not the case, no neck spines are known from Apatosaurus, there's no evidence behind the sexual dimorphism study Spicyy was talking about, the only thing it talks about in relation to that are some specimens have fused tail vertebrae and some don't, nothing else
https://web.archive.org/web/20140414095536/http://aps.group.shef.ac.uk/level-4-web-sites/l4-students-09/barden-holly/4th-year-dissertation.pdf

[frigid delta]

sorry i ain't read allat too many reading burns my eyes

[scenic flame]

all you need to know is there's basically no proven non-avian dinosaur sexually dimorphics traits tmk rn, outside maybe ceolophysis

[frigid delta]

publics bats their eyes on Coelo rare moment

[halcyon cobalt]

T rex medullary or is that bogus?

[stiff osprey]

it's legit but the t.rex that has medullary bone is identical to every other t.rex

[robust crane]

why do animals leave us alone when we’re playing dead

[tough parcel]

Medullary bone also forms in response to trauma in modern birds afaik so a violent megatheropod having it might not be as open-shut as once presented

@robust crane If your cow just keeled over from unknown causes, would you want to eat it?

[halcyon cobalt]

yummy prions

[robust crane]

we’re not hyenas or bears

[tough parcel]

Indeed we're not, but wanting to not die via a mystery disease is something that I suspect everything shares

[stiff osprey]

I don't think playing dead works on hyenas

But also like 90% of animal attacks on humans happen because the animal feels threatened by the human. If you're dead you're not threatening

[tough parcel]

The humble zombie

[scenic flame]

even if it weas certain they specimens in question were very average, no sexual dimorphism could be gleamed from it

[fluid inlet]

Spinosaurs haters about to have to cope

[honest cobalt]

[fluid inlet]

https://tenor.com/view/gigachad-luigi-smash-bros-smash-bros-ultimate-missing-gif-26523330

[stiff osprey]

you can just say anything on reddit and people will believe it

[scenic flame]

what gets me is they used an outdated spino skeletal that has shorter legs than randomdino's skeletal

[manic grail]

If anyone has it can they send an accurate spino skeletal

[manic grail]

Thank you

[fossil ingot]

Ehhh Technically this has to much leg cartilage

[severe yew]

honestly, this one looks off, like something is fundamentally wrong with it

it doesn't seem to be able to balance himself

i like this one better

#paleontology message

[fossil ingot]

But yeah, difference with updated one is just 10cm hip height difference

[tough parcel]

Ohhh @stiff osprey please destroy this guy using vibes (Also I think you did a CoG check that found it was perfectly balanced?)

[fossil ingot]

The one above Legs are even shorter than Random's
Random's Tail is also based with the more tail caudals that were discovered

Also yeah.
Lad is pretty much balanced

[severe yew]

oh yea? so what about this one?

[fluid inlet]

🧑🏽‍🍳

[fossil ingot]

Random's Spino also on a Neutral Posture with updated Neck.
The Other one isn't
Doesn't even has the better Neck Posture

[fossil ingot]

Is not Terrible.
But Random's Or Diocles are better.
They are more up to date
And if you wonder which one is Diocles is this one

Spino itself is just weird

[warped peak]

The inability for people to accept Spino is just weird is funny

[lilac hornet]

so wait which one is accurate

[outer tusk]

why do they never used Franoy's spino for these like the hell 😭

[tough parcel]

This is because Franoys Spino isn't big

[opaque kayak]

I have a feeling it’s bc franoys left before he made on with the tail

[severe yew]

perhaps some call weird what they fear or cannot understand...

Spinosaurus was definitely amazing in whatever shape or form 🔥

[outer tusk]

Althought there is an edit of it with the tail included

[opaque kayak]

Looks interesting for sure (bro tail looking extra big hmmmm)

[crystal dock]

It was used by Sassy's

[scenic flame]

based off what? vibes?

[tough parcel]

Vibes

[severe yew]

if people would have used their inner intuition back then, we would not have this 😆

so there you go, bud

[tough parcel]

Yea...we would have because spinosaurs were not known when Spinosaurus was discovered

[scenic flame]

I'm not 100% sure if this is sarcasm or not

[light osprey]

We can intuit based on sigilmassasaurus of course!

[severe yew]

Intuition is a precious gift, not everyone can attain, brothers

use it if you have it 🍻

[thorn grove]

obviously no paleontologist had intuition for the entire first half of the 20th century

[fluid inlet]

🧑🏽‍🍳

[steady rock]

oxalia or sigilmassasaurus

[opaque kayak]

To have intuit = Intuition, to have vibes = vibration. My vibes show I have vibration

[slim stratus]

Accurate Spino in 50+ years, you can thank me now

[opaque kayak]

They missed a chance to name it sigmassaurus

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/baldi-baldis-basics-mogged-mog-rizz-gif-11774215665411580343

[woeful falcon]

is intuition just seeing into the future now

[thorn grove]

Intuition is when you don’t have evidence but you’re obviously just smarter than the people who do 😎

[woeful falcon]

oh good I have a lot of that

[manic grail]

Thanks

[severe yew]

evidence can be misinterpreted

whereas intuition is a more advanced form of human intellect

i believe paleontology can benefit from intuition from time to time

[opaque kayak]

But do they have vibration?

[outer tusk]

Is this good for a Daspletosaurus head?

[stiff osprey]

bro asked the google ai if evidence is better than intuition

[severe yew]

just a simple way that can be easily understood, not trying to confuse anyone 😉

[fluid inlet]

Hell yes!

[thorn grove]

you have to be trolling lmao

[steady rock]

theroretically. whjat age do we think rex could reach if it wasnt horribly crippled, killed or had a diease and lives a great life

[steady rock]

I printed out this message due to how dumb it is

[thorn grove]

from what I've seen I would guess like 40 but idrk

[steady rock]

really? i thought it live to like, 80

[thorn grove]

iirc we only have one rex specimen that even made it to its 30s unless the estimates have changed a lot or I am dumb

both are possible

[stiff osprey]

there are rumors that rex age could be underestimated, but given the average rex dies in its early twenties, i doubt any made it past their fourties

*average adult rex i mean. Average rex probably died at like age 2-5 due to epic juvenile mortality moment

[thorn grove]

I remember reading a thesis about tarbo claiming that tyrannosaur ages are underestimated but I haven't seen anything about that since

[severe yew]

its okay to feel a bit uncomfortable or nervous when someone is trying to show you a way, i did too

but i am glad you printed it out bro

it is true, so study it whenever you think you are ready to understand

[thorn grove]

http://www2.phy.ilstu.edu/pte/publications/scientific_epistemology.pdf

[steady rock]

so while rex, theroretically could live a long life, the life they lived was a very harsh one, where none could really make it past their 40s?

[stiff osprey]

huh wasn't expecting someone to actually have that

[jagged trellis]

ah but have we yet to find the 1% rexes who stockpiled the best medical professional denversaurus around?

[stiff osprey]

40 is a hypothetical maximum i made up, in reality most of them died before 25

[steady rock]

do you think ANY dinosaur could reach over 100?

[thorn grove]

sauropods

[stiff osprey]

at least one sauropod likely did, given they are the only dinosaurs known to reach >60 years old

[jagged trellis]

isn't the oldest confirmed bird rn in her 70s let alone mega fauna

[thorn grove]

birds are built different

[hallow spear]

mfw meraxes was so close

[tough parcel]

What about the Tarbus...?

[outer tusk]

Is it too wild to speculate "deinosuchus" as a genus could been spread across South America

[zealous ravine]

Yes, it was likely restricted to the southern coasts of the WIS

[outer tusk]

Idk if this adds to how believable their take was either

[cloud badger]

Maybe it was specialisation
Maybe due to their large size they suffered similar problems to overgrown crocodiles making them either hunt slower creatures which are usually big or creatures that are awkward in there swimming like humans it wasn't a problem for the deinosuchus because it was adapted to that lifestyle (and because they're not getting hunted 24/7 the moment they catch a body)but if by some reason the areas they occupied had a loss in viable prey (slow enough to be caught) it would have done big damage to their population

[tulip gyro]

it was spread trough the WIS bc of marine dispersal, idk really see why it would be spread across SA

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/mr-worldwide-pitbull-gif-12198764

[tulip gyro]

did i get anything wrong, did i understand the word marine dispersal or smth wrong

[fair dome]

uhh just asking for no reason but whats the wingspawn of Arambourgiania?

[steady rock]

how cooked would this styraco be irl?

[valid sky]

I love the art in this game

[meager breach]

I mean it depends if the sty can put its head down fast enough it could defend against the bite

[steady rock]

i mean, does it? daspleto is like twice its size and would be at ample size to grab behind the frill

[meager breach]

True but there is a slim chance to defend its self

[stray saddle]

Dead in 1 shot. Daspleto bite would destroy him so hard, you can't even picture. Lol

Is Tyranosaruid,and they all had crazy jaws. Even a Daspleto VS Allo I believe Daspleto would win 60% 65% of the time. And I'm talking about 11 meters long Allos

[jagged trellis]

( just like most theropods and trade offs like less limb power and trade ons like tail flexibility)
that and the 1 shot logic goes either way seeing both are pretty similar in weight, 2-3 tons vs 2.2-3.2 tons
the pictured bit is kind of anyones end seeing the position for irl
game wise the sty is kind of dead lmao

[dim rune]

I feel like this would be a fight a Dasp wouldnt want to risk, I mean that horn alone could one shot it if hit correctly. not saying dasp couldnt win, it would most definitely win like 70% of the time in a fight to the death, but at what cost, serious injuries could prevent it from hunting in the future and starving, assuming these are two healthy adults. though yea that sty is cooked in the position it is in that art work.

[zealous ravine]

Honestly, I think the one in most optimal biting position here is the Styraco, which I think would give the Dasp enough pause for it to escape

[sand gyro]

hi

[zealous ravine]

I see two scenarios here: the Dasp manages to bit the Styraco in the leg, essentially crippling it and making it easy prey, or the styraco avoids that and bites the Dasp in the snout making it give up

[dim rune]

That is what Im thinkin too, though it really looks like he is goin for that leg so I feel like that styra is cooked

[zealous ravine]

I'd give either a 50/50 chance so in this scenario I'd say its up in the air, the styraco seems to be moving to the right and I could be wrong but the dasp seems to have possibly overshot the leg

[dim rune]

thats true

[zealous ravine]

It's definitely too close for the horn to be a factor

[stray saddle]

1 shot logic goes away only cause Sty is fat? Lol.

Brother, Daspleto bite was more than twice Spinos bite. He would fold Styra like paper 🥲

[jagged trellis]

me when a similar sized animal has a 2 foot horn directly there and how neither are in a position to land hardy blows

[stray saddle]

The pic is one thing. The Dasp is almost crouching in there. But he's much , much taller. And that doesn't really matter, what matters in dinosaurs is how long the are, and oh boy Dasp is way longer lol

[zealous ravine]

The tyrannosaur glazing is actually insane. Yes they would have a devastating bite but ceratopsians were built to make it incredibly difficult to get close enough for that bite to be effective. Like most hunts in life the Styraco will most likely end up escaping, thats just how nature goes, iirc even the best hunters only succeed like 50% of the time and thats a big exception

[jagged trellis]

bite force is important
so is being able to get a grip to apply said force vs lighter grazes even as crushing built jaws
dasp is framier yeah
that actively hurts stuff on being built closer for stability when in similar weight classes
in that case, 2 animals who are similar in weight, running speed and actively lived with semi relatives in a even case would be eh
game wise
yeah sty is abit cooked because fracture then railing or just keeping pace until stam
irl end its logically just gonna be styrac running in terror fencing it off not risking it

[stiff osprey]

''neither is really in a position to attack''

this is like having someone put a gun directly up to your head and telling them they aren't really in a position to shoot you

unless the Das (it trips me up to say Das here because it's drawn over a T.rex skull) is in front of the Styrac? it's hard to tell

[stray saddle]

With both being same weight and one being 4 short legged I heavily doubt he's outrunning him though, from my point of view

[jagged trellis]

i said hardy hits
not land any form of engagement
ofc they could land anything there but nothing much for a killing blow from that screen
pretty sure the dasp is slightly ahead position wise there

[wary fable]

Is Troodon still valid or is it invalid because I have been hearing things saying it may still be valid because of a tooth

[zealous ravine]

Yeah it seems to me like the dasp has overshot it, but again this is one of those things where its hard to say any definitive outcome

[sullen cairn]

we should ping whoever drew it and ask given we're like in the pot server

[jagged trellis]

so real

[zealous ravine]

Don't imagine Raul Ramos is in here lol

[stray saddle]

Lol yes

[stiff osprey]

if we assume based on the tyrannosaurus rex skull that this is in fact a tyrannosaurus rex and not a daspletosaurus, the rex wins

ez

[dim rune]

It is also important to remember that tyrannosaur bite effectiveness is at it's best when towards the very back of the jaws, or so I remember, Im just going off of what ive heard

[compact leaf]

at the pressures we’re talking against a much smaller animal that doesn’t exactly matter

[river plinth]

Love devs for implementing the biggest flying animal while every other dino media simps for quez

[dim rune]

that is fair

[fossil ingot]

What☠️
Nah bro now thats overrated
Been a Tyrannosaurid doesn't always makes you win by default

[tough parcel]

Perhaps this is the proof of anagenesis...?

[fossil ingot]

Spiko's Bite is 11kN
Dasp's its around 16KN
So yeah...Not even twice lol

[fluid inlet]

Styra owns the kid

[manic grail]

Is hatz bigger?

[fossil ingot]

Not really.
Not using Actual Hatz Material atleast

[manic grail]

Do u have accurate skeletals for both of them? Would be nice if u send them if so

[fossil ingot]

I will send the skeletals soon

[manic grail]

Thank you

Didnt know both were so fragmentary lol

[fossil ingot]

Ima include Aram too cause he peak

[fluid inlet]

Yes it is

[fossil ingot]

We mostly know about Quetz because of how complete lawsoni is.

But yeah the Big Guys are mostly Fragmentary

[fossil ingot]

Hatz is currently slightly smaller as I show Above.
You can maybe get Hatz very slightly heavier if you use some reffered material to it, tho ww have no idea if said Material is from Hatz in the first Place

But for NOW atleast, Hatz looks like I showed above

[hardy sentinel]

I saw something on reddit and apparently most of the small ornithopods from the morrison are now dubious

Unfortunately the paper is behind a damn paywall so I can't fact check it

[stiff osprey]

Yeah Nanosaurus ate every other small morrison neornithischian and then immediately died

[hardy sentinel]

what exactly is small in this case? Is Campto on the list?

Also link to the paper: https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-peabody-museum-of-natural-history/volume-66/issue-1/014.066.0102/A-Review-of-Nanosaurus-agilis-Marsh-and-Other-Small-Bodied/10.3374/014.066.0102.short

[stiff osprey]

The ones that remain valid are Fruitadens, Dryosaurus, and Camptosaurus

[fossil ingot]

Peak

[compact leaf]

wait so is nanosaurus gone now too?

[hardy sentinel]

My glorious king is alive

I know Campto is bigger than an Elk but you never know

also apparently the earliest theorized Pachycephalosaur thing is from the Morrison in the form of our goat "Drinker"

I swear, can phylogenetic rumbling papers stop coming out? I am just coming to terms with the fact Deinosuchus isn't a true Crocodillian anymore

Next thing you know some paper places Ornithiscians and Sauropods as closer related groups is gonna come out like, tomorrow

[stiff osprey]

this happened once in like the eighties

[fossil ingot]

Can you tell me why Deino isn't a True Crocodilian?
In a way I can understand cause ngl I didn't understand the Paper lol

[compact leaf]

I at least expected nanosaurus to survive woof

[steady rock]

how cooked is the cerato if this happened irl?

[stiff osprey]

i haven't read it but a taxon moving from a basal position within a group to just outside of said group isn't unusual (daemonosaurus, eodromaeus and tawa do this every other year in theropoda)

[compact leaf]

diamantinasaurs did it too

[wind prairie]

so what happened then? do the others just have to go by a new name now, or did they exist at all?

[stiff osprey]

they exist but their remains are too garbage to name a species off of so they remain unnamed

[wind prairie]

so are the genera still real, just not able to be assigned to the morrison animals?

[stiff osprey]

the morrison animals were the only things in those genera, the genera no longer exist

[compact leaf]

common bone wars L

[wind prairie]

RIP...

[frigid delta]

should we blame Elasmo for causing bone wars?

[river plinth]

Hatze is bigger mass so yes

Quetz is just taller

[river plinth]

Man really makes me hate pots use of perception with the camera and over sized modern foliage

[plucky basin]

Yes.

[zealous ravine]

Worth noting there are much better specimens assigned to them that will likely now get new names or become neotypes

[severe yew]

but don't forget that even though Quetzalcoatlus Northropi is more fragmented, it was based on Quetzalcoatlus Lawsoni, wich is much more complete

[fossil ingot]

No
Not anymore with current Hatz Depections

If we use the Old Depections where it was Bulkier and Bigger Headed then yes
It was very just slightly Heavier.
Now tho? Using its actual material.
Its not Heavier than Quetz, since its Bulk is not enough to Compensate such Size difference.
Quetz is either slightly heavier or at best same size for both

[hardy sentinel]

Also makes me hate how Campto isn't a brawler, like it's the size of Cerato and a friggin Herbiore. Camptos would 100% throw down

[zealous ravine]

That's only if you use the material assigned with confidence, there is a lot of shakily assigned material that puts it as heavier than quetz

[thorn grove]

isn't campto also just too small in game or am I tweaking

[jagged trellis]

its about right now p sure
before it was too smol yeah
granted before it was trying to be more of a dryo so eh

[river plinth]

Right

[halcyon cobalt]

why doesn’t the tenacious and powerful ornithopod simply beat down the hapless ceratosaur?

[thorn grove]

It is incredible how like half of the dinos in pot are just the thing that was in the isle but with something else's name

[river plinth]

No it's just literally everything else like the foliage and terain throws your scaling off like t rex looks like a lion sized chicken

[fluid inlet]

T. rex is a gorilla sized theropod

[thorn grove]

a 10% weight advantage makes an herbivore indestructible, the ornithopod revolution begins soon

[river plinth]

Isle tenontosaurus or maia got NOTHING on lamb iggy and bars plus they still using lipless theropods and having allo sized miasuras getting solod by dilos

@fluid inlet we got warthog sized eos and farm pig sized albertas 💀🤣

[halcyon cobalt]

this is why they say that ceratosaurus had banana sized teeth, herbivores eat bananas

[thorn grove]

I was talking more about legacy isle, bars is just shant, eo is just trike, campto is or at least was just dryo, ano is basically just anky, etc.

[river plinth]

Oooh ok

[fluid inlet]

Quetz doesn’t have a mural so we win

[rich vessel]

Huh, where’s that at?

[valid sky]

MY FAVORITE

[halcyon cobalt]

@grok is this real

[sudden wind]

Said material being big, which is the only reason they are assigned to Hatz in the first place. Otherwise they don't overlap.

[outer tusk]

https://bsky.app/profile/fadeno.bsky.social/post/3lluku6rjqs2l

TA Holmes (@fadeno.bsky.social)

Here's an update on my Deinosuchus skeletal. Nearly all the bones are done, just gotta finish the skull detailing and the osteoderms. Also the back leg. But theoretically in the home stretch. #paleontology #Deinosuchus #paleoart

Bluesky · Apr 2, 2025, 11:42 PM

[fossil ingot]

Referred Material that we don't even know if its from Hatz
Which is what I said

[fossil ingot]

Bro is back

[outer tusk]

I think someone might've oversized the chicken

[pliant cedar]

looks fine to me

[native kindle]

nah that looks about right, galli is just alarmingly tall

[frigid delta]

either that Galli is tall or that Rex is short

[outer tusk]

Yeah because scaling with the holotype reach shouldn't give galli that much leverage height wise

[halcyon cobalt]

nah it’s the posture and a tiny Rex

[native kindle]

majorly hunched over rex, idk why it was even used atp

[halcyon cobalt]

Pro-ornithomimid agenda

[clear onyx]

https://tenor.com/view/dancing-coffin-coffin-dance-funeral-funny-farewell-gif-16737844

[ionic crescent]

@sudden wind Some tweaks

[tulip gyro]

because of the many diffrences that dont fit the ancestral body plan of alligatoroids. something like an occlusal notch between the premaxilla and maxilla for the 4th dentary tooth, enlarged 4th and 5th maxillary teeth, narrower and longer snout, larger or even gigantic body-size, and transmarine distribution

while the ancestral ecpected fitting body plan of alligatoroids would be stuff like relatively small size, short and blunt snout, overbite dental occlusion, enlarged 4th maxillary tooth, molariform posterior dentition, and an initial distribution restricted to Laramidia, the western part of North America once bisected by the extensive epicontinental Western Interior Seaway

[white matrix]

can someone send me the table that shows all the largest theropods size ranking?

[severe yew]

@fossil ingot

let me help you out, bro

as we all know, deinosuchus was initially classified as an alligatoroid group based on skull and tooth features

newer fossil studies and dna molecular analisys, suggest deino to be more basal, meaning it split off earlier in crocodilian evolution than the lineage that includes alligators and crocodiles, thus, placing it in a distinct branch of the crocodilian family tree that diverged much before

more specifically, unlike alligators and caimans, deino retained salt glands (also present in modern crocodiles) that allow them to tolerate saltwater, and this is an important trait since deino lived along the west interior seaway (a saltwater body of water that once split north america)

so basically, while deino shares some similarities with alligators, its evolutionary history and unique traits, like the presence of salt glands, place it outside of the direct lineage of modern crocodilians

as an example, above is shown salt glands from a crocodilian, wich enable the excretion of excess sodium chloride

[fluid inlet]

Thanks for helping lil bro out

[severe yew]

sure bro 🍻

there are so many things i don't know, and so i appreciate it myself whenever anyone helps

[steady rock]

what was changed?

[tulip gyro]

https://phys.org/news/2025-04-crocodile-species.html

[ionic crescent]

Fixed leg bones (they were wrong size)

Added the fourth digit (it was on the basic drawing but wasn't drawn)

Fixed few stuff like ischium zone being very close to leg (aka made body a tad larger)

Made beak a tad thicker to match actual Gastornis and relative skulls, then grant specimen variation from there.

Aligned skull properly so it doesn't feel so C shaped, still keeping crest like some fowls (remember in the concept the crest is extended) and gave neck a more curved pose so people don't think it's too stiff

(Right is new, left is old)

If you see some head differences is cause left one had male caruncule, while right one had female

[spare knot]

all things are fish, but not all things are reptiles, however, whales are both fish and reptiles. thank u for coming to my ted talk

[serene valve]

@static crater It depends how you define reptile, but mammals derive from synapsids, as opposed to sauropsids which include reptiles and birds.

[spare knot]

yes that is another point, but realistically speaking, we are all reptiles

[serene valve]

If we're calling all amniotes reptiles though, I dont think reptile is a useful category lol

[spare knot]

well thats the point of the phylogenetic tree, the point is that all of it CAN be traced back to reptiles and then fish etc retroactively making us reptiles... just very freaky ones

[stiff osprey]

If you go by the original ancient Greek definition, reptile is something like "thing that crawls", so by that metric yeah we evolved from reptiles. However the ancient greek definition has no scientific meaning anymore, the modern day definition of reptile is a member of Diapsida, which mammals are not

[static crater]

The wiki I linked to went over this exact conflict; it really depends on whether you consider the ancestor of both reptiles or not; so it really depends on what is considered a reptile since thats not an official clade and is instead a common name, similar to fish

[spare knot]

we're talking about how everything can be traced back through the tree to the original life form, the joke is that we're all technically reptiles since we came from synapsids

[serene valve]

we're all technically biological soup if you go back far enough

[spare knot]

<3 mother soup, i miss when we were all soup, lets go back to being soup guys, those were the days

[stiff osprey]

this is not true though because synapsids are, objectively, not reptiles. An amniote is either a diapsid (reptile) or a synapsid

[jagged trellis]

Bro. Calling birds reptiles isn't crazy at all. Birds are still dinosaurs, not just their descendants. Dinosaurs belong to Archosauria, a clade within Reptilia. All archosaurs are reptiles. Crocodilians are reptiles, and birds share the same archosaur lineage, so birds are reptiles too.
Saying birds being reptiles is the same as mammals being reptiles is just wrong. Mammals form their own distinct class (Mammalia), entirely separate from Reptilia. You can't just claim that penguins being aquatic reptiles is equivalent to whales and dolphins, which are cetaceans and belong to Mammalia, being reptiles. Taxonomically, that doesn't make sense.

[spare knot]

Nobody is saying calling birds reptiles is crazy, im literally just joking about how we're all reptiles

@stiff osprey Synapsids are reptiles im confused

[jagged trellis]

Oh my bad

[hard kernel]

Is Dakotaraptor valid?

[jagged trellis]

"Synapsids are not considered reptiles. While they share some superficial similarities with reptiles and were once grouped together, they are a distinct group of amniotes, more closely related to mammals than to reptiles."

[stiff osprey]

They are not

Diapsida is the clade that includes all reptiles, defined by not including synapsids

[spare knot]

ah shoot theyre not grouped anymore? now i know im old... my schooling is outdated
well back to just saying we're all fish then

[jagged trellis]

No you're good, I thought so too tbh..

[stiff osprey]

A lot of old books and documentaries used to call synapsids "mammal-like reptiles" i guess because they have long tails and sprawling limbs? I dunno

[spare knot]

they used to be brothers in arms </3 I learnt them as being both reptiles

[static crater]

I would agree reptile isn't a very useful term; I'd rather it just refer to Lepidosauria as that's the common usage of reptile anyways. That would exclude turtles and crocodiles though

Because by common usage it refers polyphyletically to Lepidosauria (snakes/lizards), Testudines (turtles), and Crocodilia (crocs); but excludes Dinosauria, or at least Avian dinosaurs

Cladistically you can either try to solve this my saying all Sauropsids are reptiles (includes dinosaurs), or all Reptiliomorphs/Amniotes are Reptiles, which would include Mammals. Doesn't seem like there's an agreed consensus on this

[jagged trellis]

Yeah. Terms and stuff are so confusing

[stiff osprey]

sauropsids = reptiles makes more sense because the original definition of reptile includes crocodylians, so in order to continue including crocodylians, you add birds to the group

Granted the original definition also included salamanders which aren't even amniotes

[spare knot]

pardon, salamanders are not amniotes?...

[stiff osprey]

nop, neither are frogs or caecilians

amniotes are the vertebrates with shelled eggs (secondarily lost in mammals)

[spare knot]

wait hold up, im old and its been a minute since ive been in a science class, are amphibians and fish in their own class seperate from amniotes?

okay awesome thank u scientists for making the other term super confusing for my dyslexia, we got amniotes and anamniotes

who thought laying eggs without a protective shell is smart, silly anamniotes

[static crater]

I prefer all amniota as reptiles because the first ones would've looked pretty similar to current reptiles, and it gives a well known term to something pretty useful to describe (animals that evolved to live fully on land/their ancestors); rather than saying amniota. Helps make it more clear that mammals evolved from reptile like creatures too

[spare knot]

yeah but on that basis it'll become confusing since they're reptile like creatures they evolved from, if you wanted to turn it around its like calling a reptile a mammal

[stiff osprey]

that's how fish had done it for like 150 million years, nobody told them it'd stop working once they went on land 😔

[static crater]

Esp since when people describe how reptiles evolve, they talk about the transition between amphibians and amniotes; not sauropsids

[spare knot]

though amphibians arent reptiles either, they came before them

[static crater]

I know; I meant when people talk about the evolution of the first reptiles; what I see is people describing the evolution of amniotes (full land/hard shells), not the evolution of sauropsids specifically

[spare knot]

yeah, most likely because the evolution of amniotes are much broader, I would like to see a piece done exclusively on sauropsid development

[static crater]

If people fully switch to reptiles being sauropsids only; at least be consistent about it and give a separate common name to the creatures before them rather than "reptile like" lol

[stiff osprey]

we did, we call them synapsids

oh wait, you meant before reptiles, not before mammals

that would just be "early amniotes"

[static crater]

Honestly I have been frustrated by the lack of focus on anything pre-dinosaur; I would love something like prehistoric planet but focused around the time of the divergence between of synapsid and sauropsids. Even if it cant be as accurate because of less material to work with

[light osprey]

Soooo valid

[spare knot]

peak was that doc going through all the time periods, i got to see the cambrian period visualized

[static crater]

Yeah, that's why I said I'd rather they give a better common name if it switches fully to reptiles being exclusively sauropsids

I remember watching that when I was little, but don't remember what it was called

[hard kernel]

Ok, thanks 😃

[spare knot]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TwIPj8GtHo0&ab_channel=Kosmo i dont think this is the one, i think im thinking of walking with prehistoric beasts but idk

yes walking with beasts is the one im thinking of

[hardy sentinel]

I just found the fakest crap ever

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2025/04/25/t-rex-leather-handbags-fossil-dna/

[static crater]

That one seems interesting. I know somewhat recently another animated documentary series came out that went over other time periods besides dinosaurs; but I remember not liking it. It had some of my pet peeves like describing evolution as a conscious process working towards perfection

[static crater]

Thats wild. I think the oldest DNA humans have found was from a frozen mammoth; IIRC DNA can't survive fossilization. So unless we've found a frozen rex; I have my doubts lmao

[steady rock]

he lied to you.

[sterile trail]

Plot twist, we find a perfectly preserved Tyrannosaurus buried underneath the ground

[manic grail]

What about the dinosaur tail that was found in amber

[thorn grove]

no dna

[wind prairie]

how oversized is the original JP rex compared to the largest rexes known in real life?
genuinely just wondering, don't let this kickstart any arguments

[thorn grove]

according to the wiki Rexy is 13.5 meters long and 5.5 meters tall

I think Cope and Goliath can optimistically get to around 13 meters, so the length isn't that insane, but afaik the height is like over a meter too tall assuming that's measured at the hips, if it's measured at the skull it's not as bad but probably still a bit taller than it should be

actually idk about cope getting to 13 but I think I've at least heard that for goliath, but goliath is also a single bone lol

[manic grail]

Is it known what dinosaur it belongs to?

[warped peak]

New Mahaj

I think it's 👋fabulous👋

[candid magnet]

Beautiful

[thorn grove]

yes, femora in dinosaurs are quite distinct depending on the clade, just as one example I'm including a comparison between a Hadrosaurid and a Tyrannosaurid femur

Hadrosaurid on the left, Tyrannosaurid on the right, also this comes from a paper comparing their movement capabilities

[steady rock]

1 cerato vs 100 humans

[halcyon cobalt]

100 psitaccosaurus vs 1 repenomamus

[wind prairie]

is this based on that 1 gorilla vs 100 humans thing??
I am of the opinion the humans would demolish the gorilla, but a ceratosaurus?? I'm not as sure, but I think 100 humans as long as they're not sloppy can absolutely take a 1 or so ton animal

[ionic crescent]

Wrong proportions

[ionic crescent]

Idk how did they mess so much the legs size, but the holotype is like this. Is shorter as you can see

[ionic crescent]

To add to this, mahajangasuchids were aquatics out of the neosuchia family, so they had a more low to the ground posture and not so upright

[manic grail]

I see. In google it says it belongs to a coelurosaur but isnt like known more specific what it belongs to

[thorn grove]

omg sorry i thought you responded to something else lmao

i explained something completely tangential

but yes i believe the tail is only a pretty small segment so we dont really know what specifically it's from

[outer tusk]

They have a whole post explain why they gave it long legs

[fossil ingot]

Slide fr

Bro looks weird

[ionic crescent]

Even then, they would have some splayed legs cause they aren't sebecids. This is using their reference but with croc like splayed legs

[ionic crescent]

This is without splaying. It feels completely uncomfortable to both walk and swim

[fossil ingot]

Yeah I saw your comments in his Twitter
That does look rathee uncomofrtable

[outer tusk]

Erm it would be "on" his Twitter not "in" it

[ionic crescent]

Let's remember as well, Mahajangasuchids evolved back to water, so is not farfetched to think they had a more splayed stance than it's other land brothers

[fossil ingot]

Yeah

[halcyon cobalt]

ermmm actually it’s X.com now

[manic grail]

https://tenor.com/view/tapa-toma-essa-estereotipos-oculos-espinha-gif-16550253

[frigid delta]

since no one's answering ts
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1GVpHchzogtjkTqQrP7PFM2BAWMGHYHABD-Xnk_6KPj0/edit#gid=0

[crystal dock]

That's not accurate

[frigid delta]

how dare you
-# can you give me ur accurate?

[crystal dock]

Don't blame me, the original creator before this size chart was edited by other unknown creators that said so

But no there doesn't exist a definitive accurate one like that spreadsheet

[frigid delta]

i'm going to explode you

[sterile trail]

I'm still in the boat that Tyrannosaurus rex was the largest theropod dinosaur

[manic grail]

Isnt that what everyone agrees on

[halcyon cobalt]

what about ulughbegasaurus that’s 5x bigger than Rex

[scenic flame]

I think the erect stance is better because it's a better reference pose, just as long as people know it wouldn't be moving around like that, since iirc even kuban crocs etc don't fully erect their limbs for a high walk

[outer tusk]

Oh yeah this is what I meant but I could use my words ^

[white matrix]

that's such an aggressive t pose, forced you to roll the shoulders forward

[flat pond]

What is most widely accepted size for Megalosaurus? I keep hearing two different size from 6 to 9 meters

[fossil ingot]

Bro didn't let me slide

[fluid inlet]

It’s mama named it Twitter I’m gonna call it twitter

[warped peak]

The legs are the same size as the holptype

[crystal dock]

8.5 meters for the megalo type

[fluid inlet]

That’s a unique build

[flat pond]

Interesting

[sudden wind]

Wait what

[warped peak]

The POSTURE isn't what it would be in life, it's just displaying the length of the bones, but it had plenty long legs

[sudden wind]

Oh wait I forgot that crocs have a semi sprawling limb configuration so it wouldn't be that tall

[tough parcel]

It would be that tall actually

My source is vibes

[sudden wind]

https://tenor.com/view/get-out-angry-speaking-head-tuco-squidward-gif-13808874276609302886

[shut vine]

lmao this made me chuckle

[fluid inlet]

Got the reference ? 😅🤣

[shut vine]

His momma named him Clay, I’m gonna call him Clay 💀

[fluid inlet]

You know ball

[ionic crescent]

I noticed later, yes, but it was the posture the thing scratching my head

[warped peak]

Fair the posture is odd lol

[ionic crescent]

Is funny cause Crocs if had "fully upright" legs, would be actually pretty tall, is cause their splayed posture the why they are like that. And it's funny

[ionic crescent]

I highly doubt they would have that kind of posture unless they were "high walking" and even then is not something they always do

[steady rock]

Besides rex, who's the largest therapod of utah?

[fluid inlet]

Acro

[steady rock]

Acro was found in cedar mountain, right?

[compact leaf]

yeah, along with a few others the thing was all over the place in NA

[steady rock]

Acro was 5 tons, how heavy was siats?

[steady rock]

Whats acros weight? Bevause siats could reach 5300

[fossil ingot]

Fran(the specimen scaled here)
Should be around 5.5t after it lost some length

[fluid inlet]

Ain’t the consensus thought it that siats is a megaraptorian over a carcharodontosaurid now?

[steady rock]

A what.

[balmy oyster]

No
It’s still on shaky ground as to what it is but most people agree on it being a carch

[fossil ingot]

Tmk no
That I heard off atleast

[fluid inlet]

@stable sun wonder if I’m pinging the right torvo

[steady rock]

I'm gonna act like I didn't think sists was a allosaurid...

[stable sun]

I don't think so
There's no consensus

[steady rock]

Would it's size change depending on if it was a megaraptorian?

[stable sun]

Not really

[fluid inlet]

Trying to find the conversation now because i vividly remember the debate about it

[stable sun]

note that I think it a Carcharodontosaurid

[balmy oyster]

That would be funny and minesculely possible based on vibes but no actual science

[steady rock]

What's the evidence / what makes people think it's a megaraptorid?

[fluid inlet]

Can’t find the conversation but I just remember Wes and torvo and someone else going back and forth about it

[balmy oyster]

bahariasaurus

[fluid inlet]

That’s what it was, dammit I’m tripping lol

Agathis was present in the Bahariya formation? Says it was on the wiki https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/dinosaurs/images/5/5f/Agathis.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20190723155040

[fluid inlet]

Flanked by legends , Agathis and Weichselia

[tulip gyro]

high walking crocs goated

[opaque kayak]

Is this by randomdinos?

[balmy oyster]

it's a neutral pose skeletal, this point doesn't matter

[ionic crescent]

I know, I know, he confirmed (Miguel) himself

[outer tusk]

this one is by randomdinos, the other one is edited by Theeverycutefishy

[opaque kayak]

O thx, that proportions is lowkey funny

[outer tusk]

it is

[steady rock]

orthocone son or amnonite daughter

the west interior seaway

the largest turtle wants some crunchy shells

do you think, archelon would've been able to hunt Parapuzosia?

[zealous ravine]

Might I ask what the evidence for them being aquatic is?

[warped peak]

No lol

It wouldn't be close to being able to actually Clamp onto the shell due to sheer size, and Parapuzosia is twice the size of Archelon

[fluid inlet]

So I drew the Agathis tree 😐

[steady rock]

dang

[warped peak]

If anything, the other way around is actually more likely

[steady rock]

archelon is a ....parapuzosia victim? 😨

[warped peak]

The Aptychus of Parapu would likely be larger than the beak of Archelon

In other words:

• Parapuzosia is larger
• Parapuzosia is heavier Armored
• Parapuzosia is a predator with a larger beak, and then it has barbed grappling arms not featured in these arts