paleontology

[steady rock]

im like, okay its cool to do stylization and do what makes you happy but on the other hand, if it dosent make sense its off putting yknow?

[tacit pine]

Exactly bruh.

[warped peak]

Or you could wait for me to answer and give a more in depth explanation on something you don't have information on the design of

If it was structured like a Betta's tail, yes.

However, it is not. Unlike a Betta's tail, its not just massive rays going off of a small stump. It's a large tail with relatively minor fin rays, functioning more as a large tail, without really hitting the threshold of inefficiency

[steady rock]

oh

[frigid delta]

what's that Tylo's twt user?

[fossil ingot]

Docleides I think
Or Docloides I forgot

[steady rock]

how much does leed weigh?

[warm saddle]

this one?

[warm saddle]

alr thanks

[frigid delta]

source: @pearl briar

[opaque kayak]

I think the captions are not his

[steady rock]

...

[opaque kayak]

Allosaurus looking at prey be like:

[frigid delta]

*every single theropods (this includes you, birds of prey)

[fluid inlet]

Damn maybe the pnso model is 1:35 scale lol

[halcyon cobalt]

not all of them

[forest minnow]

15-45 tons is a crazy range

[outer tusk]

250-4.2 tonnes is more crazy range

[fluid inlet]

U either tall as hasbulla or tall as Yao Ming

So humans can be anywhere from 3’4 to 7’6 tall 🤓

[manic grail]

Im 7 feet for example

[sudden wind]

Are you rich too?

[kindred night]

Strepsodus clearly showing that betta like caudal fins are not what you see in Rhizodonts

According to Andrews (1985)

[round hedge]

Those 2 random classmates, one short and with anger issues, and one who's taller than the door, but is just a chill guy

Did metriorhynchus prey on leedsicthys ?

And If so, did they do it in a more pack- structure, or loose mobbing, simmilar to komodo dragons

[frigid delta]

"did gharial prey on whales?"

[warm saddle]

Anyone got a lythronax skeletal thats somewaht up to date

[spice snow]

What if instead of black bears, ceratosaurus acted more like a honey-badger or a tasmanian-devil, defending itself from bigger carnivores by doing the most batsh¡t insane attacks and meneuvers?

[halcyon cobalt]

wow man what a unique and innovative idea. I have never heard that before

[fluid inlet]

Be kind

[halcyon cobalt]

sorry

[spice snow]

I saw somebody say that in a yt comment section

I just wanted to share that idea

[sudden wind]

NO I'M GONNA CRY

[scenic flame]

That idea of honey badgers etc taking on predators much bigger than themselves is just an urban myth, what you're actually seeing in most videos is a desperate animal trying to bluff it's way out of being eaten by a few curious lion cubs

[spice snow]

That's kind of what I'm trying to say lol

[scenic flame]

So like essentially ceratosaurus being incapable of defending itself?

[spice snow]

Now that you put it that way...

[sudden wind]

That's totally unknown. It's also a gameplay suggestion that was done over and over again by The Isle community for Cerato.

What ecological niche did Ceratosaurus fill is as far as I know rather unknown due to lack of interest.

[spice snow]

I never said it wasn't

Also your pfp is terrifying

[sudden wind]

Habitat preference is unknown, which resource it used is also unknown/cannot be determined accurately, which part of the day it was the most active is also unknown, relationship with competitors and other organisms (except being a predator of course) is not totally clear. So yeah, not much can be said on Ceratosaurus niche in the first hand and even less about its behaviors.

Ikr

[loud wing]

Pachycephalosaur/stegosaur not having beak on upper lip and having one on under lip is truly modern scientific consensus?

[stiff osprey]

beakless stegosaurus was a speculative artpiece that got popular and became a meme

[loud wing]

why do I always meet people who force speculations as something well-known. thank you for answering this and all the previous random questions

[spice snow]

I saw a video made by EDGE saying they lived in moist swamps or something

[tiny holly]

environments like that tend to be some of the best at preserving fossils, so a significant chunk of dinosaur fossils come from waterways and wetlands environments. That doesn't really tell you much about what environment they actually spent most of their time in, because all animals need to visit water to survive

[spice snow]

I can't remember exactly what he said

[tiny holly]

We do find a lot of ceratosaurus material near water, and it could imply they spent a lot of time there... but it could also mean nothing. You kind of have to rely on other factors to determine something like that

[halcyon cobalt]

isn’t it thought that cerato would’ve lived in dense forests and hunted agile ornithopods or something like that?

[scenic flame]

Tmk that's just a hypothesis

[spice snow]

Well, since ceratosaurus was relatively weak compared to other predators of its time, it would make sense they'd have a different diet and try to stay as far away from them as possible

[tough parcel]

I am like 90% sure Torvosaurus is also found predominantly in wetlands/marshy areas

[scenic flame]

This isn't a rule though, the african savanna is a prime example of how things aren't so simple, as hyenas, lions, wild dogs, cheetahs and leopards all have prey and range overlap

[crystal dock]

^

[steady rock]

Do you guys think synapids could catch rabies due to them being the ancestors of mammals? ( iirc )

[warm saddle]

Perhaps

[tough parcel]

I think rabies is dependent on the internal temperature of the animal being just right and consistent enough to incubate hence why only certain mammals are notable carriers

[steady rock]

Ooh, , like foxes?

[tough parcel]

Oh I was looking for some more specific info and apparently rabies can infect birds (but so far, it seems to be done only artificially)

After consuming rabies-infected bodies, the birds will develop antibodies
https://meridian.allenpress.com/jwd/article/12/3/392/117772/RABIES-ANTIBODIES-IN-SERA-OF-WILD-BIRDS

[frigid delta]

"BURN IT DOWN!!! ALL OF IT!!! RAAAAAHHHH!!!"
-Terry the Rex

[warped peak]

So what your saying is that I should keep the tail closer to a Diamond shape, as is seen in Strepsodus, vs the limp noodle a lot of bettas have

(More diamond shaped betta pictured here)

[frigid delta]

does it like baby mosquitos as its food?

[spice snow]

How old is rabies?

[floral cradle]

google says it is 2,300 or up to 4000 years old, but that's wut Google says so...

[steady rock]

Maybe that's just the first time recorded?

[floral cradle]

probably but you know about herpes right? its a virus that is very old more than a million years old

[kindred night]

No I'm saying that it's not reasonable speculation to use a ray finned fish's fins for a tetrapodomorph which we have close relatives showing it looks nothing like it but ultimately it's your mod and you do you.

[warped peak]

I do want to be clear that I'm not aiming for 100% realism, however I am trying to execute the stylization in a way that's more bound to the anatomy of the animal and relatives

You do have another good point in there though, I really didn't structure the fins in a way that lobe finned fish fins could work

I feel I should clarify; I do not want it to be a straight up betta lol

I want it to have a bit a more ornamented look, and Bettas are the most well known ornamental fish in any form of comparable lifestyle. Taking a closer look at trends in caudal fins of lobe fins

[ionic crescent]

If you wanna stylize around it's actual anatomy, replacing whole parts for other thing is a nono call. Is like giving a rex 3 fingers just cause other coelosaurs do

[warped peak]

I'm aware. What we have of Rhizodont tails is definitive, however, it's not Rhizodus in exact

Give me a few minutes

Keep in mind the model isn't exactly a perfect match either

ere

[outer tusk]

Same energy

[warped peak]

Right that exists

Good ability inspiration

At the end, my goal here is a Rhizodus, that has a flashier look than probable, without straying too far from the realistic biology of its relatives

[manic grail]

New megalodon?

[warped peak]

Looping back to the basics here

All of Rhizodus' relatives have relative flat and wide heads. Rhizodus, based on the mandible to skull width ratio, would have a relatively thin head. Would it be safe to assume that the overall head proportions would be similar to Strepsodus, but squished?

[outer tusk]

Iicr I think it would be fine

[warped peak]

Figuring out better how to balance Stylization and Realism in Rhizodus

Focusing the exotic shape to the other fins, in a more coelecanth-esque shape than Betta-like

[opaque kayak]

Bruhmomentsaurus

[tough parcel]

The fearsome Sigil

[stiff osprey]

Northern hemisphere shipping is crazy

[fluid inlet]

My only issue is that I expected them to be life size, so I want a refund.

[winter marsh]

it looks a little like bahariasaurus

[astral spindle]

How is Dinosaur running speed calculated?

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/spongebob-legs-gif-10811579

[primal ice]

From these

[astral spindle]

Interesting, I thought it was the Tibia lol

[sudden wind]

There are several methods to estimate dinosaur speed.

You can use biomechanical simulations, mathematical calculations and trackways.

[gray zealot]

there's a ton of factors that matter for animal speed so its insanely difficult to have a solid number, is part of the issue

[primal ice]

Tbh this is one of them you also tell bye looking at their legs and bye stimulating it people sometimes use animals today but ya they do us the tibia sometimes I think I'm not a paleontologist yet so idk

[steady rock]

by*

[primal ice]

Why does this look memeish

[primal ice]

Alright I'm gonna make this a pot meme

[fluid inlet]

Go for it lol

The conc is well detailed, love it.

[astral spindle]

Ooh Loki!!

How big is Lokiceratops anyway?

[astral spindle]

As big as Trike!?

[fluid inlet]

Na smaller

[astral spindle]

Looks 6 tonnes ish

[outer tusk]

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/1311359326551543970/1333479917844697280/youtube-6YsNRnZRgg8.mp4?ex=67990b73&is=6797b9f3&hm=75a83d9b7cf48e85bca2c3a052cf820403ece114dc3c4292255b44f3c5a4cb9d&

[zealous ravine]

I should go for it before certain events here in the US make it way more expensive lol

[fluid inlet]

I got it, those my pics that I took

[zealous ravine]

I meant I should go for it lol

[umbral kite]

do crocodilians jaws lock

[steady rock]

??

[primal ice]

Yes crocodiles and alligators has forceful muscle which lock their jaws tight around a struggling animal why

[halcyon cobalt]

I think Redboss is asking if crocodilians have a similar jaw mechanism to tarbosaurus’s “jaw locking”

[velvet burrow]

Was Halszkaraptor of semiaquatic habits? I'm lost on that debate. Apparently a lot of people except for the descriptor seem to think that there wasn't much evidence for it being semiaquatic but also close relatives do have evidence?

[winter marsh]

natovenator (I believe its the name) was a close relative and probably had semi aquatic habits so yeah halska probably had them too

if they werent semi aquatics they would probably be waders like Sucho and Deinoch

[frigid delta]

"you go for its legs, i'll go for its neck" ahh scene 💗

[wind prairie]

I'm not so sure they'd even be able to tear the skin

[floral cradle]

is t rex a scavenger?

[stiff osprey]

no, but it did scavenge on occasion

[floral cradle]

how do we know tho?

[stiff osprey]

multiple fossils of animals that were attacked by T.rex and survived

[fluid inlet]

Yes and was blind.

[floral cradle]

@fluid inlet don't forget it could fly

[fluid inlet]

https://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~ashworth/webpages/g491/2003presentations/stephanieseeger/stefs webpage.htm#:~:text=rex has been mislabeled as,to that of a vulture.

the goat

[fluid inlet]

Bro

[stiff osprey]

bro's getting PTSD rn

[fluid inlet]

https://tenor.com/view/pedro-pascal-happy-laughing-crying-i-cant-even-gif-24163733

I never felt Saurophaganax fan boys pain until yall mother fudgers nerfed my boy , not once but twice !

[tough parcel]

https://tenor.com/view/winter-solder-ult-bucky-ult-bucky-winter-soldier-marvel-rivals-gif-7485867433641480076

[fluid inlet]

Redboss burner

[serene moat]

So is deino now smaller than purru or is it still larger?

[stiff osprey]

the difference in size between the two is much smaller than the error bars in either species's size estimates meaning they are functionally the same size

puru is like 4 to 8 and deino is like 6 to 8

[lavish frigate]

The more I read it the less sense it makes

[fluid inlet]

At the time this guy got criticism for saying Deinosuchus wins extreme difficulty and had size even now he’s looking like a damn prophet , wish the video was still up.

[opaque nest]

I never know
What genus does the allo belongs to?
I did some research and is still unclear
Is it a holotype for its own genus? A charcarodontosaurid?

[thorn grove]

Allosaurus belongs to the genus Allosaurus

[thorn grove]

To clarify since on its own that was kind of an unhelpful answer:

Most Dinosaurs are generally known by their genus name, the major exception being T. rex. Path of Titans has confused a lot of people about this since it calls species “subspecies” for basically no reason, which gives the impression that the genus is just a species when it’s not.

Allosaurus fragilis is a species, but Allosaurus is an entire genus containing multiple species.

[opaque nest]

Oh
I guess I wasn't clear
I'm more so confused of what family the allosaurus genus belongs to

[round hedge]

Who wins in a fight, the average dasp, or the average sucho ?

[wintry bane]

Imagine the fossils under the sea floor.

[snow python]

How heavy were Siats and Chilantaisaurus?

[scenic flame]

I wouldn't take any video of this genre seriously at all in relation to any actual paleontology or paleobiology

[stable sun]

Iirc about 4.5 t

[snow python]

Both?

[stable sun]

Yes

[steady rock]

Is there any proof of a jurassic extinction? I remember someone telling me abt it a mo th ago

[fossil ingot]

Siats Mention?
Siats Jumpscare

[frigid delta]

slaps its snout cuz yes

[potent bobcat]

I feel like there’s something to be said that there’s more information on the internet of the dinosaur Siats than its Ute folklore namesake.

[tulip gyro]

Tbf, with the infos we had back then on deino. It was dumb to say

[umbral kite]

how accurate is prehistoric kingdom

[zealous saddle]

[Family] Allosauridae
[Genus] Allosaurus

[outer tusk]

"allosaurinae" isn't a real subfamily

[stable sun]

Allosaurinae isn't a thing

[winter marsh]

this image has the most amount of wrong information ive ever seen

[zealous saddle]

in that case ill remove it from the list

[tough parcel]

Bro has NOT watched Ancient Aliens or WWD

[winter marsh]

that isnt quetz, its probably hatz which makes the information about it being the largest PTEROSAUR, not flying dinosaur, right. Only thing that is worse than that are Snails descending from Spinosaurus and Meiolania and ankylosaurs having some sort of relation

[outer tusk]

It's Quetz obviously

[winter marsh]

ok buddy

[outer tusk]

At least with Northorpi we can be a little more speculate with the crest shape since we only have a arm

[umbral kite]

i knew i adult wouldnt be able to but wat about a bby

[warped peak]

why is this even a question

Basilisk lizards are nearly the only animal in nature able to do it, period, and that's because they're entirely specialized for it. It's not reasonable to assume any extinct animal can, let alone a baby theropod with tiny legs

[round hedge]

?

[opaque nest]

So is it a charcarodontosaurid?

[outer tusk]

No

[mellow prism]

em

[opaque nest]

What family does allosaurus belong to?
I know these early theropods can be confusing when it comes to taxonoming them

[thorn grove]

Allosauridae, which is part of Allosauroidea which also contains Carcharodontosauridae and Metriacanthosauridae

[stable sun]

Allosauridae

[bitter quest]

I found this when looking up concept art for dinosaur series/movies, this was Disney dinosaur stygimoloch

Makes me wonder what else they would had done for speculative or paleo accurate things if it had made it in

[tough parcel]

The humble anteater

[bitter quest]

A unique one

[steady rock]

can i ask a semi dumb question?

[tough parcel]

Ye

[steady rock]

was there like, a land bridge between portugal and america during the jurassic?

idk, thats just alot of species overlap between the two area's

[compact leaf]

europe and north america were connected yeah

[steady rock]

did they split during the jurassic or early cretaceous?

[thorn grove]

the Atlantic hadn't really formed yet so they were very close still

[tough parcel]

IIRC the oceans were also incredibly shallow in that area so if an animal wanted to, they could probably just walk across

But I don't remember if this changed/updated as of late

[steady rock]

was it like a tidal thing or was it just always shallow?

[gray zealot]

megalo, 200 years of mystery

[snow python]

Is the biggest dasp still estimated at 10m and 4t?

[outer tusk]

yes

[velvet burrow]

Does Allosauridae still stand since the 2 genera that comprised it were Allosaurus and Saurophaganax?

[stable sun]

There's not rule that families must contain more than one genus

[manic grail]

How do we know that quetzalcoatlus wasn't too big to fly?

[halcyon cobalt]

cause it has the big ol wings

no reason to have big flight wings when you don’t fly

[fluid inlet]

Because the weight for its size it’s considerably lightweight for its proportions

[manic grail]

I see. Its neck must have been very muscular because its so long and it has to hold the weight of its head and beak too

[velvet burrow]

Muscular but mostly rigid

[frigid delta]

considering today's the year of the snake
how's Titanoboa doing?
i heard its (if i'm not wrong) got replaced by a more larger snake? (idk its name)

[opaque kayak]

It's longer but iirc also thinner

[warm saddle]

Vasuki might be bigger now, but still up in air

[frigid delta]

🐍

[warm saddle]

Btw lu orang indo ta?

[steady rock]

how possible do y'all think this was? ( give me a min i need to wait for cooldown

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/sauropod-allosaurus-running-jumping-animal-gif-17282623

[compact leaf]

not

a theropod that large isn't sailing into the air like that

[fossil ingot]

Diplo mentioned

[fossil ingot]

This bro is barely heavier than Scotty by like 4 tons

[winter marsh]

that bro would whack scotty in the face and leave a burn mark

[fossil ingot]

Bro's were likely getting hunted by Allo smh

Tmk this Rex isn't even Scotty and look how it looks next to Diplo

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/allosaurus-beating-sauropod-animal-go-away-gif-17282622

[fluid inlet]

Apato Victim mentioned

[frigid delta]

tis goes back November 28th, 2022 (3 years ago)

[manic grail]

Smol spino

[opaque kayak]

damn nostalgia

[gray zealot]

giga's spine has more character development than almost every fictional character

[opaque kayak]

And then dan decided to taurovenator it's ribs

[honest cobalt]

The beauty of palaeontology

[fluid inlet]

El Ol el

[warped peak]

I got bored

Accurate sized Gigantopithecus beside accurate Pseudocyon

Giganto ends up as about 402kg, Pseudo about 566kg

Pseudo has a smaller skull than Amphicyon, but has more robust proportion based off relatives, putting them in about the same weight class, although Amphicyon should still be a bit bigger

[candid magnet]

Interesting

[frigid delta]

is that Gigantopithecus happens to be Maurice?

[astral spindle]

Nah, King louie

[round hedge]

Bro is a noodle 🙏😭

[fluid inlet]

@zealous ravine @stiff osprey how true is this?

[fluid inlet]

Welp

[frigid delta]

ion even know why am i screenshotted ts

[tulip dove]

https://tenor.com/view/desk-gif-21857082

[tame tapir]

Could a spinosaurus actually even run?,….. not a full like marathon sprint,…

But like even a basic little jog? It feels like its body plan is jus constant slug walk,… feel free to @ me,… jus curious what yall think

[crystal dock]

https://x.com/NizarIbrahimPhD/status/1884553769343422878?t=BXORc6-xXCGWXvpGFMYMlw&s=19

Nizar Ibrahim, PhD (@NizarIbrahimPhD) on X

With the one and only Simone Maganuco and Spinosaurus #dinosaurs #paleontology

X · Jan 29, 2025, 10:46 AM

[crystal dock]

No it's legs are not only too short to produce a full on marathon sprint, it would have no reason to; it's just too big to do so

[manic grail]

But it ran in jurassic park 3

[crystal dock]

Yeah and it killed a t.rex

[manic grail]

Yea because its stronger

[frigid delta]

Jp3 is not irl

[frigid delta]

this is why my Spino is a chill guy. no run, just slow swim in his territory

[native kindle]

Probably. Almost every depiction of "short legged spino" is utilizing a younger specimens legs placed onto an adult, so it looks stupid

[tough parcel]

What 💀 where'd you get this?

[stiff osprey]

Bro is stuck in 2015

[tough parcel]

Me when I fall into a temporal rift from 2015 and end up in 2025

[stable sun]

FSAC KK 11888 is a subadult, but it is close to adulthood and it is 17 years old. Plus the Spinosaurus B specimen actually shows that smaller specimens of Spinosaurs had proportionally larger legs, which is consistent with other theropod ontogeny

[steady rock]

Would the Alberta back kick be possible for the animal to do irl?

[stable sun]

Well you see she thinks the fact that FSAC isn't an adult but is a subadult somehow means that adult Spinosaurus specimens had far longer legs proportionally (they didn't)

[steady rock]

I don't have a image but it back kicks like a zebra

[winter marsh]

Not like in game because the dino is almost doing a front flip but I think so. Think of Alberta as a big fat buffalo

[steady rock]

I don't know if this matters but wouldn't it be different due to them both having a different center of mass? ( think they do atleast)

[manic grail]

It runs in dinosaur king too

[stiff osprey]

in dinosaur king it also gets bodied by carnotaurus

[manic grail]

Didnt it get teamed on? And it was controlled by someone if i recall

[steady rock]

What are we talking abt

[manic grail]

Dinosaur king

[steady rock]

Are you using dinosaur king as a source or something on why spinosaurus can run?

[undone rapids]

https://tenor.com/view/dinosaur-dinosaur-king-gif-19692498

[manic grail]

Yes and jp3. 2 sources and theres probably more

[steady rock]

Why are we using jp3 and dinosaur King as sources

[floral cradle]

why is Mexico so poor in paleontology like there's only 3 digsites in the country specifically around fossils and non human remains but its almost entire research is just about archeology?

[manic grail]

Because its clear evidence

[steady rock]

I'm being trolled rn, I always fall for it 😔😔😔😔😔

[stiff osprey]

a quick google search found me at least 6 mesozoic formations in mexico, each of which has more than one dig site

which isn't a lot compared to like the US, but the US is both lucky in terms of happening to preserve more mesozoic rocks, and has 10x more paleontology funding than most countries

[open compass]

24 years ago

[gray zealot]

spinosaurus couldnt run, but could move very fast in a quad stance. happy 2016 new years btw

[zealous ravine]

Not confirmed so take it with a grain of salt

[hallow spear]

No

[hardy sentinel]

I just found out that in fact, Mononykus is more related to Deinocheirus than Deinocheirus is to Therizinosaurus

Proof that paleontology never gives shi to ya straight

[sudden wind]

No, it could not as the front limbs and the spine cannot support/articulate this way.
Think of a kick more like that of an elephant or rhino.

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/kick-elephant-silly-gif-16995547

[hardy sentinel]

Do we have any fossil evidence that a velociraptor ever didn't do a backflip

[tough parcel]

Yes I actually asked all Velociraptors ever and none of them have

[stiff osprey]

Adasaurus did however, which is one more reason Adasaurus is the cooler Velociraptor

[round hedge]

As a spino fan, i can confirm that the dude is chill, only cares about working out arms, and not legs

[zealous ravine]

Real

[round hedge]

PEAK

Wait, Barsbold ?

Is Rinchen Barsbold the one who named barsboldia ?

[stiff osprey]

no but he was the one it was named after

[zealous ravine]

Where did you see that? The position of alvarezsaurs is still up in the air tmk, but every phylogeny I’ve seen has them closer to therizinosaurs

[round hedge]

Speaking of bars, is there still no evidence of a crest, nor any evidence against it ?

[stable sun]

Actually this is not necessarily true, the relationships of Alvarezsauroids (including Mononykus), Ornithomimosaurs (including Deinocheirus) and Therizinosaurs (including Therizinosaurs) change all the time, and for example Cau (2024) recovers a clade of Therizinosaurs and Ornimthimimosaurs, while Hartman et al. (2019) recover a clade of Alvarezsauroids and Therizinosaurs. They're all in the same part of the tree anyway.

However the obvious similarities between Deinocheirus and Therizinosaurs are convergent.

[stable sun]

A lot of other phylogenies recover different placements

[warped peak]

Deinocheirus was reconstructed with the wrong head. Clearly it is a derived Saurolophine and as such should have a prominent crest

[zealous ravine]

Cau’s paper is iffy at best, from what I can see alvarezsaurs generally have a more advanced position closer to theris than to ornis

[round hedge]

But then why did we not find it yet, was it destroyed ?

Cause If it were, it would've most likely been replaced by rock, just like the other fossilised bones that had the same problem

[hardy sentinel]

So Maniraptora is sorta like someone trapping flies in a jar, shaking it, and seeing where they die at this point? (Random placing to an extent)

[warped peak]

It was eated by the mighty Tyranosaurus bataar of course

[round hedge]

Dude, these jokes aren't even funny

[hardy sentinel]

Oh... That's, that's dead naming of my favorite Tyrannosauroid (/j)

[warped peak]

I disagree

[stable sun]

Maniraptoriformes, not Maniraptora. It's unknown if Therizinosaurs and Alvarezsauroids are Maniraptorans and Ornimthimimosaurs are definitely not Maniraptorans

[manic grail]

Yes i know. He was lazy and didnt run for 24 years so now he is too fat and his legs are too weak to run because he didnt run for all those years

[hardy sentinel]

Ah

Gotta love how whenever it means a bigger group you add "Forme, Id, or oid" (I'm sure theres more)

[round hedge]

Bro is neither fat, nor is he a pile of sticks, he's just a good boi

@sir.spicyy live, love spinosaurus

[manic grail]

Then why didnt he run for 24 years (i love spino too)

[round hedge]

He just decided to work out arms, not legs, might be slow and still get bodied by charcar, but he don't care, he just a chill arm guy

[hardy sentinel]

Is it just me or are most Tyrannosauroids outside of the Tyrannosaurids kinda boring because they look more like Allosaurids?

[manic grail]

True true, he's just chill like that. Thats why hes my favourite dino

[round hedge]

Same

[warped peak]

starting to sound like David Peters, be careful

[stable sun]

Maniraptoromorpha, Dinosauromorpha, Pterosauromorpha

[round hedge]

Alio is my fav tyrannosauroid trough thick and thin

           Change my mind

[hardy sentinel]

I thought you said Allo for a second and I was about to start yelling

[round hedge]

Nah, Alioramus PEAK

[hardy sentinel]

Anyways Tarbosaurus is the best Tyrannosauroid because it was a sauropod hunter, change my mind

I wonder if the babies were raised or if they were cast out, forced to compete with Alioramus

[warped peak]

Alioramus probably mandated some form of familial unit for them IMHO

[hallow spear]

Isnt there a Tarbosaurus bonebed

[tough parcel]

Depending on who you listen to, it's 7 or 70 individuals so like have fun

[hardy sentinel]

Alioramus 🤝 Tarbosaurus

The peak of the Nemegt formation

[warped peak]

Nemegt was a neat place

[hardy sentinel]

Tarbo shoulda been added instead of Rex imo, this game adds obscure dinosaurs and Tarbo fits the bill

Plus I like Tarbo more and clearly the opinion of some dude is better than theirs

[warped peak]

Rex wasn't even supposed to be added, someone just paid them to add it

[hardy sentinel]

I'd pay whatever for Tarbo, but I know it will take 10 years for it to actually even get it's progress started (plus it wouldn't fit in because Rex already would out-perform it if it were added)

[round hedge]

Both are criminally underrated

Alio is fun-sized
Tarbo hunted sauropods

[jovial gyro]

Rex weighed 9-10 tons right ?

[warped peak]

I wouldn't mind doing a Tarbo mod myself, but I've got enough projects I'm not likely to do one unless it's a commission, even if I like him

[hardy sentinel]

I think Tarbo would be about an in game Allo sized Tyrannosaur, but we already got Dasp

[stiff osprey]

the largest rex specimen is ~11t but it's undescribed and known from like 5 bones

[round hedge]

Only the bigger ones, average Rex was 8.8 tons probs

[jovial gyro]

Ok

[stiff osprey]

granted if you want to ignore it because of that you should also ignore 8t spinosaurus and 10t giganotosaurus which are both known from fewer than 5 bones

[hardy sentinel]

I mean all of these are estimates that range wildly, could I get the specimen names of these 3 individuals you are speaking about?

[stiff osprey]

rex is BHI 6248, spinosaurus is MSNM v4047, and giganotosaurus is MUCPv-95

[tulip dove]

The local ecosystem when the 70 Tarbosaurus appear on the scene at once

[tough parcel]

They needed the numbers to hunt the Mongolian Titan...

[manic grail]

What is the most reliable weight for spino?

[hardy sentinel]

I'm seeing people say MSNM v4047 is 7-20 tons, where did you get your information on this specimen?

Same with the Giga and Rex specimens if you don't mind

[stiff osprey]

Well the 20 t estimate is obviously incorrect, as it was based on scaling an inaccurate Tyrannosaurus model up to an inaccurate Spinosaurus length (Therrien & Henderson 2007 if i'm not mistaken)

[hardy sentinel]

So what sources are you getting the size estimates from? I wanna check their reliability

[fossil ingot]

Where did my Boi NHMUK go

[tough parcel]

NHMUK and MSNM churn out similarly-sized individuals I like to think they're the same individual so I don't think it matters

[stiff osprey]

I weighed my own skeletal reconstruction, but if you want a peer reviewed one use Sereno et al (2024), they give a mass range of 7.4-9.1 tonnes

[fossil ingot]

NHMUK sounds cooler

[stiff osprey]

Giganotosaurus estimate is based on Dan Folkes's latest reconstruction, which was made in personal communication with Rodolfo Coria, describer of the taxon. If you want a peer reviewed published paper I believe Mazetta et al. 2004 also gives it 10 tonnes

Rex is based on whichever paper has the BHI 6248 femur circumference, I don't remember

[fossil ingot]

Cool guys

[warped peak]

Random but I scaled down Mario Lanza's Rhizodus to better match proportions and fossil sizes

Slightly improved the dimension. Mandible should be about 91cm now

[fossil ingot]

Jijiji

[round hedge]

Beeg boi

What is the most accurate dino dan creature design ?

[manic grail]

Is this the most reliable size?

[fossil ingot]

Big Spino is reliable if you wanna believe on it ofc

Otherwise you end with this

[umbral kite]

Guys what if the closer the dinosaur got to a generation the more feather it got like how stegosaurus did have feather but trexs had some feather like the trex from walking with dinosaurs and they got closer to bird but where still cousins

[steady rock]

What

[manic grail]

Noo
And i thought they were rivals with charcha. Bro was literally a carcha snack. Makes me sad

[stiff osprey]

presumably it would be saved from being a carcha snack by the fact it did not live with carcha (the spinosaurus holotype is from tameryraptor's formation)

[round hedge]

Speaking of tamery, how big was its nose horn actually ?

[stiff osprey]

very small, like a couple centimeters tall

[sterile trail]

And yet people basically see it as a larger Ceratosaurus

[umbral kite]

Ok so when dinosaurs first started out they most likely didnt have the feather as early then as the climate started to change they grow feathers but not as much as birds did but this mainly happened around Cretaceous and started to grow them but the Jurassic and Triassic they didnt and may uave started to grow develop

[round hedge]

So like how big my index finger is ?

[manic grail]

Sorry im confused rn. Does that mean the spino that lived with carcha was bigger?

[sullen cairn]

small spino lived with tameryraptor in egypt
small spino living with carch (in morocco) is ambiguous but assuming it did there's potential/probable big spino material with carch

[opaque kayak]

I only believe in Spinosaurus B

[zealous ravine]

Just you lmao

[round hedge]

@opaque kayak question, why do You hate the bahayria formation ?

I know kem kem is way better, but what's the reasoning ?

Just curious

[opaque kayak]

I lost so many friends at the bahariya. The place is cursed.

[gray zealot]

i like zhucheng due to all the unbelievably complete fossils we have, a well-researched dinosaur, truly

[fluid inlet]

We cooking yall spinosaurus haters in 2025 https://x.com/nizaribrahimphd/status/1884611175448465421?s=46

Nizar Ibrahim, PhD (@NizarIbrahimPhD) on X

@torm28 This is the reconstructed size for a very large Spinosaurus (e.g., in the size range of the MSNM V4047 rostrum), so quite a bit larger than Stromer's Spinosaurus or the neotype skeleton. So, yes, it is THAT big.

X · Jan 29, 2025, 2:34 PM

[round hedge]

W IN THE CHAT

Holy.....

[fluid inlet]

We back

https://tenor.com/view/were-back-neil-degrasse-tyson-startalk-were-here-hello-everyone-gif-22234050

[round hedge]

WE'RE SO BACK !

🔥 🔥

Still don't get why people can hate spino, idc that he's overrated, just look at how many more dinos get the same and even more spotlight

Sure, nowadays every year is "exciting" for spino, but it's no one's fault that we just find more and more fossils and that our immagining of him changes more than a teenager changes styles through their awkward phase

[opaque kayak]

TBF I don't understand spino changes every year meme. I feel like that's only because we like to attribute every crappy fossil into spinosaurus proper

[fluid inlet]

Spino haters crying in a corner right now

[round hedge]

Us spino enjoyers love spino even If spinofaarus is becomes accurate

But now this is perfect

[small geyser]

Absolute win!

[tough parcel]

None of this is new 😭 y’all are celebrating over nothing

[stable sun]

Actually more (it's over 10% complete), it's just that it's undescribed

[round hedge]

But we're glad spino remains to our current understanding

THIS IS PRIME SPINO

[stiff osprey]

True but only 4-5 bones are measured that support the giant size

[tough parcel]

Spino hasn’t changed in like 4 years, the people who say “Haha Spinofaarus is real!!!” are ignorant or dense

[round hedge]

Spinofaarus never was real, and never will be real

However in an alternate universe, even spinofaarus is good

[fluid inlet]

Holy cook

[tough parcel]

You missed the point completely, Idk how

[fluid inlet]

Cooked

[open compass]

Wdym "overrated"?

[round hedge]

No, i get than spino remained practically the same since 2021-2022, and that the spinofaarus believers who aren't joking are idiots

[small geyser]

Such a cool animal.

[round hedge]

Some people call it that

I personally think that it's rated well, but i didn't want to annoy anyone who thinks otherwise

Glad to see wel all think spino is a well-rated dinosaur

[tough parcel]

T.rex is my goat

[open compass]

I mean, there's no "overrated" dino, there are popular and unpopular dinos ┐⁠(⁠ ⁠∵⁠ ⁠)⁠┌

[round hedge]

But many people either overestimate, or understimate a dinosaur's capabillities and combat prowess, many people think that spino is given too much credit, but only true spino enthusiasts know that spino gets rekt by mist big theropods

But we don't care, he still good boi

[stable sun]

femur, tibia, fibula, maxilla so 4

[manic grail]

Lets gooo

[thorn grove]

I wish more people were interested in Dinosaurs for the animal and not its supposed ability to wreck T. rex in a fight

[opaque kayak]

4-5 bones? I thought it was 2

[fluid inlet]

[round hedge]

Real, idc how weak spino is for a megatheropod, I'm just glad that such a fascinating animal ever even existed in the first place

[gray zealot]

microraptor still strongest megatheropod anyways

[fluid inlet]

T. rex fan boys when you mention spinosaurus

[stiff osprey]

Maxilla, tibia, and fibula are all longer than Sue's and Scotty's. The femur is shorter but much more massive

[round hedge]

True 🙏😭

[fluid inlet]

Notice how us chads who are celebrating spinosaurus did not bring up T. rex at all, they did. LOL.

[manic grail]

I made countless youtube comments as a kid lol. I was like an extremist spino fanboy

[gray zealot]

my personal favorites are megalosaurus (even before it was thought to be big at all) and carcharo

[round hedge]

Same, i always disliked pivot animator fights where spino loses, but i literally went back and left a like on EVERY SINGLE ONE OF THEM

[gray zealot]

giga too but its hard to be a giga fangirl in this day and age

[manic grail]

I disliked every one in which spino didnt win lol

[stiff osprey]

Giganotosaurus keeps taking Ws the last few years though

[fluid inlet]

What ? How? Giga is awesome

[gray zealot]

nah its just how i love Giga but damn people love to associate it with Rex

[round hedge]

Exactly what i said, then i began to look back and said to myself

"What a dumb little shi i was"

[fluid inlet]

People love to associate any big theropod together , just like how Rex fans gotta mention Rex anytime anyone mentions spinosaurus or giga.

It’s just going to happen.

[manic grail]

Good old times

[gray zealot]

giga fans 🤝 irl spino fans
"let me like the creature in peace please"

[round hedge]

Yeah, parasaurolophus67 and MatromX and many more made up the golden age of my childhood

[manic grail]

Yea i remember the names now that you mentioned them

[gray zealot]

i like megalosaurus because of its controversy when it was discovered

[fluid inlet]

I always been a carcharodontosaurus fan

[manic grail]

https://tenor.com/view/transformers-sentinel-optimus-prime-optimus-prime-gif-26529362

[gray zealot]

now when a dinosaur's found its "oh that's really cool let me learn more"
back then? it was 1820s, what were people doing? that thing gets found and everyone freaks the hell out. Extinction wasn't even thought to be possible, didn't know what it even was
megalosaurus came in, caused chaos, and left

[opaque kayak]

I love how alamosaurus is also a rival but rarely brought up

[round hedge]

Man, kids nowadays grow up watching skibidi toilet, those pivot dinosaur fights are what real people watched as kids

[gray zealot]

theri took a lot of Ls in a row which is sad

[fluid inlet]

Plz u don’t know what Ls are - Perucetus fan

[gray zealot]

peru is still funny looking tbf its fun to enjoy, just not that big anymore

[round hedge]

Poor guy can't even use his claws for fighting 🙏😭

[manic grail]

Wait what

[fluid inlet]

Dunk , Perucetus and Deinosuchus all nerfed

[round hedge]

Man, eocarcharia buff when ?

[gray zealot]

dunk became a basketball

[manic grail]

He didnt have those long claws?

[round hedge]

Too fragile

[manic grail]

[round hedge]

Pls buff eocarchar, and theri

LET'S PROTEST FOR THOSE BALANCE CHANGES

[gray zealot]

go back and time and change the evolutionary course of the families

[round hedge]

Great idea !

Finna have theri harden his claws

[gray zealot]

'this dinosaur basically had rapiers as fingers' my favorite alternate ending

[round hedge]

But the difference was, rapiers could actually be used in combat

[sudden wind]

Not the reason why it's my favorite Tyrannosaur with Gorgosaurus but

[gray zealot]

yeah im implying going back in time and making its claws work like them

[sudden wind]

I would NOT call Tarbo "obscure".

[round hedge]

GORGO FAN

GORGO, ALIO AND TARBO ARE THE THREE MUSKETEERS OF THE TYRANNOSAUROIDS

[fluid inlet]

I’m not sure how much I believe this verdict tbh

[round hedge]

Trust me, i also wanna believe that theri could use his claws for more than just reaching for high branches, but it's sadly unlikely

[fluid inlet]

I know it’s a consensus thought, I just believe even if true, it would still be using its class defensively to some extent

[sly viper]

Hey gamers what was the length of argent?

[round hedge]

Maybe as intimidation, perhaps ?

[sly viper]

I think anyone would be intimidated if they theri Kruger infront of them

[round hedge]

Tarbo may be the Nemekt king

But seeing a 5m tall giraffe-goose thing with 2 pairs of 3 claws that each are 2-3 times your arm length is something that you'd not wanna fight

[sly viper]

Thanksgiving final boss:

[sudden wind]

I don't think anyone, like, denied any sort of defensive scenario with Therizinosaurus claws. What the paper as conducted was looking the stress resistance of individual claws via computer simulations and discussed about their results, which have shown low stress resistance and the implication in the evolutionary drivers of exaggerated claw length. The conclusion is that Therizinosaur claws weren't a predator response. Could they still have used their claws ? Yes. Regularly ? Don't think so. Why are they so fragile ? We don't really know either.

[round hedge]

"Ay, did someone inject the turkey with special sauce ?"

                   -a random tarbo

[pliant cedar]

what is the latest known rauisuchian

[round hedge]

@pliant cedar ANOTHER MONSTER HUNTER FAN

[sly viper]

Guys is torvo bigger or is saurph bigger

[round hedge]

Saurph ?

You mean A.anax, right ?

[sly viper]

I rarely see people refer to it as A. Anax

[round hedge]

Yes, i still prefer calling it saurophaganax, but i kinda feel guilty now (lord of the lizard eaters for a sauropod makes 0 sense)

[sly viper]

I am calling it saurophaganax. Lord of the lizard eaters is a better name than different lizard

[tough parcel]

Fortunately, that’s not how it works so despite preferences, it should still be referred to as A. anax

[fluid inlet]

Basically nearly identical in weight iirc

[sly viper]

I need to truly know which one was the largest jurassic predator

[scenic flame]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpPzg-Dws7Q

[pliant cedar]

never played it but really want to

[sudden wind]

Well, I guess it'd be Leedsichthys.

[sly viper]

Oh

[sudden wind]

Unless you consider swallowing preys whole alive not killing, then it'd be Pliosaurus probably.

[fluid inlet]

How is that not killing tho lol

[sudden wind]

It's killing by ingesting said preys, not beforehand ingestion. That's what filter feeders do but ngl that'd be nitpick so I consider them as predators as they eat other animals.

[sly viper]

Gamers what's the most accurate paleo youtuber?

[stable sun]

About 35 meters

[sly viper]

Ty

[pliant cedar]

does anyone have a good map of tectonic activity at the very end of the triassic

[fluid inlet]

The comments did not disappoint

🤣

[steady rock]

is there any difference in oxygen wise from the Jurassic - cretaceous to modern day?

[umbral kite]

I would have to say it may have been greater than todays have you seen the animals they would have need a lot oxygen o still function

[steady rock]

the animals we have today are bigger then those in the Jurassic / cretaceous

okay maybe not the best wording

[tulip gyro]

bad wording

[fluid inlet]

Yes.

[steady rock]

what im saying is that i dont think the size of the animals matter due to us having animals in modern day who meet or even excceed their size

better wording?

[stable sun]

More oxygen doesn't make land vertebrates larger

[umbral kite]

yea but still a brachiosaurus wouldnt it need a large amount oxygen to sustain it self

[nocturne cairn]

it would be able to get enough oxygen to function by breathing, being larger doesn't mean you need a high concentration of oxygen, just a larger supply because they have more body to supply

[stable sun]

^

[nocturne cairn]

which they could definitely get because they have massive lungs
if it were taking human lung sized breaths it wouldn't have anywhere near enough, that's why it has sauropod sized lungs

[steady rock]

this may sound like a dumb question but, would they be any near as large as a blue whales lungs?

[fluid inlet]

I also have sauropod sized lungs. 🫁

[nocturne cairn]

afaik it's about the same, it may be very slightly different but probably not to a point where it's immediately poisonous to anything living today

[outer tusk]

Flippers look about right?

[brazen musk]

They are probably much fatter but paleontologists make them as skinny as sticks, but yeah that looks like it

[outer tusk]

Why would the flippers be any "fatter" then they already are

[brazen musk]

Because they are carnivores

[outer tusk]

The flippers are wider than a human torso, and wider and they would either cause drag or just be oversized

[brazen musk]

And carnivores are usually fatter thsn paleontologists make them look like, i feel like the closest dinosaur to a real one whe have are probably herbivores

[outer tusk]

But pliosaurus isn't a dinosaur it's a marine reptile

[fluid inlet]

You talking about reptiles not mammals bud, you gotta look at the body plan lmao

[brazen musk]

Yeah i know i was just making a point

[outer tusk]

They wouldn't need that much soft tissue as they are reptiles not mammals, pliosaurus and it's kind did have blubber but it would be nowhere near as extension as in marine mammals

[brazen musk]

Have u seen how fat the new t rex is😭😭 or how fat spinosaurus got

[compact leaf]

pliosaurs and plesiosaurs are the one where you can kind of give more soft tissue than usual but your point still stands for the most part

[outer tusk]

this isn't fat

[brazen musk]

I guess that makes sense

[brazen musk]

I cant find the one i was referencijg

[gray zealot]

spinosaurus still looks skinny in anything modern to me

[brazen musk]

Yeah i still find dinosaurs a bit too skinny myself

[gray zealot]

rex and giga look properly done most of the time but spino in general has a slender build

[fluid inlet]

Not at all just look at a lot of sauropods , ceratopsians , anklyosaurids , some tyrannosaurids , some allosaurids , it’s like anything else tho not everything is going to be robust

[brazen musk]

I wasnt saying ANYTHING i mesnt like a little

Take in mind like a trex who ate so much in a day (like full grown human sized dinosaurs) how could that be so skinny

Now either his metabolism was really really short or im onto something

[winter marsh]

I believe in 18 meter long spinosaurus

[steady rock]

Omg who had to remind me of this

Theo you were Hella wrong for what you did

[brazen musk]

Did plant eaters like...really eat plants

[winter marsh]

what did I do

[steady rock]

https://tenor.com/view/teto-kasane-kasane-teto-i-am-a-pear-pearto-gif-613662767852815438

[brazen musk]

Teteteteteteteto

[scenic flame]

Pliosaurus? specifically the longer flippered species I assume

[steady rock]

React to the message so I had to see it :(

[outer tusk]

PREDATOR X!

[winter marsh]

hehedhehehe

[potent rapids]

Fins look great to me, perhaps the body can be a bit more robust as funkei was on the robust side of the pliosaurs

[outer tusk]

omg is that dicoles

[outer tusk]

How much wider should I make it?

[winter marsh]

a tad bit

[fluid inlet]

A bit tad

[potent rapids]

Dan folkes has a pretty good outline on this, except the fins are angled

[outer tusk]

Like this

[potent rapids]

I would opt towards it being a little more thicker, as tentative as that is due to fossil preservation

The torso of funkei is rather exceptional for it's species

[outer tusk]

assuming the green is dan's funkei scaled from his carper?

[potent rapids]

It's been edited from other pliosaurs to fit funkei proportions

[outer tusk]

Warmer?

[cloud breach]

Can you send that funkei skel?

[outer tusk]

Edit and Original

Original skeletal by Dan Folkes, Edited by Le_Gustta

[quasi token]

predator x is such a cursed looking animal next to every other pliosaur ngl (especially after getting used to sachicasaurus and it's comically tiny flippers by comparison)

[keen yew]

Is this a coprolitepost?

[winter marsh]

''and history repeats itself'' ahh news

[fluid inlet]

https://youtu.be/AzFmcu_O5DQ?si=04BLjq644GVtvmeD

[fluid inlet]

How would yall rate this model , olorotitan @stiff osprey @zealous ravine

[stiff osprey]

one of the better PNSO hadrosaurs anatomy wise

[fluid inlet]

The model is over 4 years old, I’m impressed it’s held up so well. The eye test told me it was a great model just had to make sure.

[zealous ravine]

I have it, very good

[fossil ingot]

This real?
Likely no but still

[outer tusk]

it's not because it would be bigger news

[serene moat]

Anyone have any skeletal image thing of most up to date reconstruction or study of my boi giggy

[opaque kayak]

Your giggy has been delivered

[warm saddle]

Bobble head

[serene moat]

Daym how heavy is that one, it looks so cool tho

[opaque kayak]

Apparently between 8.2 to 9.1 tons

[serene moat]

Thicc

[round hedge]

I almost finnished mhw iceborne, and fatalis is actually the boss I'm stuck on rn XD

(But this is a paleontology channel)

[fluid inlet]

Gomez victim

[warm saddle]

The ultra q kaiju?

[fluid inlet]

Wut

[warm saddle]

https://youtu.be/Uk8X0Ia4WEs?si=kTLmDrCo7qhJS-Mr

[frigid delta]

this Giga gives me that ARK Paleo Giga idk why maybe the crest (?)

[round hedge]

Paleo giga >>>>>>>>>> regular giga

[fluid inlet]

Fr , jurrasic world Giga so ugly 😭

[frigid delta]

i lost that Megaraptor dancing gif

[round hedge]

From beasts of Bermuda?

[round hedge]

Acro ripoff smh 🙏😭

Me when someone calls dinosaurs lizards

[honest cobalt]

https://tenor.com/view/beasts-of-bermuda-megaraptor-silly-funny-dance-gif-3875950103593723934

[round hedge]

YES !

This is the one i was also thinking of

Man's just vibin', no other intentions

[frigid delta]

ty

[kind bobcat]

Dinos go roar

[round hedge]

situation

[kind bobcat]

Not dumb if its true

[outer tusk]

Cooed is wild

[round hedge]

Yeah, both google and @kind bobcat are smoking something

They likely produced deep bellows, with the smaller ones producing sharper sounds

[kind bobcat]

dino's roar you cant lie to me

[round hedge]

AVENGERS !!!

Assemble.......

[frigid delta]

#paleontology message

@round hedge

[round hedge]

Only some, but saying

"Dinos go roar"

Implies ALL dinos wich is wrong

Not saying they couldn't at all, just specify

[halcyon cobalt]

I don’t see how it’s implying all dinosaurs roared. people say that humans are a social species but there are certainly some basement dwellers who would dispute that

[kind bobcat]

I do think dinos roar and u cant deny me >:/

[round hedge]

Your arguments ain't wrong, but the energy is

[frigid delta]

how did u know i lived in my parent's house basement /gen

[kind bobcat]

thank you! dinos do roar 🙂

[frigid delta]

yes
https://youtu.be/LmecgLt88Ac?si=PTzy7m_4DC_Wo_Ec

[round hedge]

Whatever, i don't even care, as long as You stop acting childish, you're good

[kind bobcat]

all im sayin is dinos roar your free to get salty at a stranger on the internet for saying dinosaurs roar if you'd like though

[round hedge]

Ok, ngl, this song is fire

[kind orbit]

history repeats itself

[hardy sentinel]

If I had a nickel for every time an animal with the first 3 letters of it's name being "Meg" turned out to be a part of a modern genus I'd have two nickels, which isn't a lot but it's weird it happened twice

[stable sun]

Megalania and

[hardy sentinel]

Megalodon

[stable sun]

Megalodon is a part of the genus Otodus which isn't a modern genus

[hardy sentinel]

Thought Charcarodon was the extinct genus and Otodus was the modern one mb

[distant schooner]

Could somebody pretty please give me a random dino to do some anatomy practice with? 👀 (feel free to say any less known ones lol)

[distant schooner]

Ooooo oki

[steady rock]

What was the largest terrestrial triassic creature? ( excluding prosauropods)

[round hedge]

"can i copy your homework ?"

"Sure, but just don't make it obvious"

[dense blaze]

Amargasaurus looks like it'd love scritches

Rex too, I bet it'd love belly rubs when it's not hungry

[warped peak]

I believe Lisowicia outsized the Triassic Prosauropods

[round hedge]

He's also a good boi

(All dinos are good bois/girls to me)

[dense blaze]

Fr.

I don't care if I'd die, I want to pet dinosaurs to see if they'd like it or not

They never got to experience stolen fried chicken scraps or heated blankets 😔

You ever think the feathered dinosaurs took baths like birds did

Just happily enjoying water

Or even dust baths, for the ones that had downy feathers instead of the ones with waterproof coating

[brazen musk]

Yes they did??😭 Look at their vocal box thwt thing did not coo

Kinda late but ye

[dense blaze]

I heard somewhere that dinosaurs would've likely made infrasound rather than audible noise most of the time

Maybe the smaller ones did more bird-like noises, but definitely no roaring

[brazen musk]

They probably made really deep groans with some sharp noises

[dense blaze]

I'd also look at modern reptiles too for sound ideas

In fact, most of them don't vocalize at all! (besides hissing) with the exception of geckos

I bet most of their communication would have been through body language and vibrations

[trim abyss]

Ah yes the return of soothing sound of 14 pitched down crying babies clip

[brazen musk]

What😭

[river plinth]

I swear the deeper I dig in this damn movie the more I find

This looks like as actual iguanodon depiction you mean to tell me they purposely made it inaccurate and at some point we would have got allo?!😭

[trim abyss]

deep groans with some sharp noises sample:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cr6eFl7hCiA

[river plinth]

That's actually pretty funny

[brazen musk]

Thats not even close😭

[dense blaze]

Oh my god. I remember that movie so well

My little brother made me watch it every day when he was little

I always thought it was weird how the iguanadons had forward facing eyes

Carno was so big too

[river plinth]

You gotta loom at the concept art and delete sense it was a whole different movie I just noticed this looks almost like pots allo

[wind prairie]

ahh, a relic from the pre-pinacosaurus larynx days
even if we didn't have that evidence, birds and crocs can roar

[dense blaze]

I like to imagine that Para could rupture your eardrums

[brazen musk]

Birds can roar?

[river plinth]

Probably did in self defense loud sounds do scare off predators

[dense blaze]

Birds can shriek and wail, and some of them can mimic noises from the land around them

So there's a possibility of a dinosaur mimicking others for either mating purposes or intimidation

[ionic crescent]

https://youtube.com/shorts/GZhbn0TLd8Q?feature=shared

Not roaring per se but

[brazen musk]

That scared me

[river plinth]

T rex bleeding from it's ears after parasaurolophus politely ask him to stop it ^-^

[ionic crescent]

Funnily though, that's a happiness sound

[dense blaze]

Doing that loud of a noise would probably be enough to drive any predator away as long as it's not straight up starving to death

[brazen musk]

It sounds like its dying💔

[ionic crescent]

https://youtube.com/shorts/hcvb5adsxsA?feature=shared

[dense blaze]

https://tenor.com/view/ostrich-bird-dance-mating-dance-lol-gif-4735396

Hear me out

Struthi doing this

[scenic flame]

This doesn't really have any solid evidence behind it, the idea that dinosaurs can't roar comes from the misconception that crocodilians can't roar, and that they're close relatives of dinosaurs.
between the pinacosaurus larynx that was found and the various other means of producing complex sounds there's only a small number of dinosaurs that you can narrow down exactly what they sounded like

[ionic crescent]

You'll be surprised, but conca and acro would dance and conca would have exclusively feathered wings while a completely scaly body to court showoffs

[wind prairie]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7QxIv62-rq8

[dense blaze]

Kind of like the pseudofeathers/quills it has in game? I always wondered what purpose those would have if Concavenator actually had those when it was alive. I can only imagine display purposes, as it would only be a hindrance in places like water.

Although, I can guess there can also be a case made for self-defense purposes as well, similar to porcupines or tarantulas

They could also be pulled off and get stuck in an adversary's mouth and throat, like chinchilla fur or hagfish slime

I seriously need to go down a Wikipedia rabbit hole for Conca, it's my favorite carnivore atm

In terms of herbivores, my favorite HAS to be Miasaura

Praying to the PoT modding gods that someone actually makes my lovely lil hadrosaur baby one day

Anyway

I shall stop rambling for now #paleontology discord channrl

[wanton helm]

Maiasaura is such a great hadro. I believe Primordial Tyrants claims to be making one but who knows if it'll happen any time soon

[dense blaze]

I just hope they don't make it a Dino that relies on mixpacking to get any use tbh.

I want more self-sufficient dinosaurs dammit

[scenic flame]

that'd kinda be antithetical to what Maiasaura is though

[tough parcel]

The bull Shantungosaurus in musth

[dense blaze]

Yes, but I mean in the way that mods like Hibbo (crab) are done

Boosting group members are fine. I just don't want to rely on others for combat

[brazen musk]

Guess thry can

[dense blaze]

Crazy

It'd be like watching elephants bro

Every predator in a 10 mile radius knows what's happening and steers clear fr

[tough parcel]

Perhaps the PT team can make an ability to reference this...

[dense blaze]

A vocal ability that boosts your damage and stamina output and debuffs carnivores nearby in return for your health and status effect recovery getting nerfed to oblivion

[ionic crescent]

There's certain limits, us modders need, or the keyword would be SHOULD, to balance both around survival AND PvP servers, we can't make an animal way too survival focused cause would be useless in PVP, can't make an animal way too good in PvP cause would eat everything in survival.

Self sufficient animals most times fall in PvP and when grouped it becomes a massacre. So it's better, in my pov at least, to design moderately good stat animals and then complementing the kit, so it works both solo and in group without becoming a harsh

[dense blaze]

Ooo, I see

I have no idea how the stats work, it's cool to hear how it works and how stuff is balanced

[tough parcel]

The humble 10000 CW Maia

[round hedge]

Do we have size estimates for AMNH 5027 ?

[primal ice]

Sort of but not like lions or tigers or elephants it's more like using your throat and tongue thats how i think of it made by a special organ only birds possess: the syrinx. The syrinx is located at the very top of the birds' windpipe. The air that comes in through the windpipe causes thin membranes to vibrate and produce sound.

[wraith kindle]

It’s also how parrots can mimic human speech quite well despite not having lips.

We don’t have any fossil evidence of one (just getting the larynx was an incredibly lucky chance fossilization), but it seems reasonable to me that more primitive forms of it evolved in the paraves somewhere.

[primal ice]

Exactly since the we kinda don't have one but we do have one dinosaurs that made sound and it certainly did not roar Parasaurolophus is one because paleontologist conducted a experiment of the crest, containing a labyrinth of air cavities and shaped something like a trombone, was sounded more like a blow horn then a bird or roar.

They made sound they probably didn't make those big booming roars or bird like sounds.

[wraith kindle]

If they find the genetic regions which control the syrinx, they could do molecular clock analysis on it.

[spice snow]

Alderon live footage frfr

[brave nova]

Has anyone got the skeletal for Tyrannosaurus rex cope specimen with the current weight estimates for it? (Ones I found for it were 10.6 but ppl are saying it’s abit bigger then giga dentary)

[brazen musk]

ohhh

[thorn grove]

10.6 comes from allometry based on the femur circumference, it's really too incomplete to make a GDI for it specifically but scaling from other more complete T. rex specimens can yield weights over 11 tons, depending on what you scale from. iirc even scaling from leg length gets a bit more than the 10.6 ton figure, despite the shorter femur (since the tibia and fibula are very long and more than make up for it).

[brave nova]

That’s a shame that there isn’t a consistent scale for it

This is the only source I’m yet to find for it aswell

[thorn grove]

Unfortunately even animals of the same species won't all have identical proportions and so with limited matieral there's no way to know for certain the exact size of the animal.

That said whether cope is 10.6 tons or over 11, keep in mind that that amounts to a low single digit percentage difference, we don't know cope's weight down to the gram but we don't need to know it that exactly.

[brave nova]

Oh yea I get that. But it’s for a comparison I like to do for the carnivorous theropods so I try and get the bigger estimates for them

This is it atm

[opaque kayak]

Wouldn't Cope be on here if big giga and spino are?

[fossil ingot]

Tbf if you wanna use Dentary Giga and Big Spino
Might use Cope who is more complete and won't have a sa variation as Dentary Giga may have

@opaque kayak It should be, it has more and better Material then Dentary Giga and Big Spino
Dentary Giga can even belong to a smaller Giga then the Holotype due to Dentary varuation

[thorn grove]

we were just discussing cope lol

but yea dentary giga is an even worse specimen really

[brave nova]

I never looked into cope since its scaling seemed kinda wack and haven’t gotten an exact weight for it nor did I even have a skeletal for it

[fossil ingot]

Cope Next to Giga Holotype and "Dentary" Giga

[brave nova]

Thing about cope is I haven’t heard the exact assumed weight for it either which kinda means I can’t exactly plot it in

[fossil ingot]

Tbf
Giga Dentary is Wankier than Cope
And so kinda is Big Spino

[sullen cairn]

this is quite unlike the giganotosaurus and spinosaurus cranial fragments which have far more concrete mass estimates

[fossil ingot]

Tmk
You can scale Cope based on Sue and Cope Normally Ends 1 ton heavier than sue ATLEAST

[thorn grove]

Cope's name is really fitting with the amount of mental gymnastics people do to say it doesn't count despite including even worse specimens for their favorite dinosaurs

[brave nova]

From what I saw random say previously cope was 2-3% bigger than Sue and Scotty

[astral spindle]

That would make it either ~10.7 or ~11.3 tonnes?

[opaque kayak]

I hate all the tyrannosaurus glazers but this is true, to be honest. The only real case to be made against cope is that it's new, and new specimens have a history of getting downsized

[fossil ingot]

Sue is 9-11t~
Random's Skeletal has her at 10.3t
But he said he doesn't seem 9t or 11t Sue as Impossible

[wraith kindle]

Lol!

[astral spindle]

Oh yea and how about Bertha?

[opaque kayak]

Bertha was never released measurements

[brave nova]

I could just put it in the list at ~11 but then I’m kinda bias against carchadontosaurids as they take up the majority of my list so I want to put it above giga

[astral spindle]

Put (11+ tonnes?) In a bracket to the side of Rex

[primal ice]

Yup but we don't which Is sad

[brave nova]

Could do sum like that

[primal ice]

I found these probably not right but seemed pretty accurate

[fluid inlet]

Gomez should be here if they on here

[fluid inlet]

Now put Gomez next to these sticks

[opaque kayak]

Tell me it's species and genus name and I'll do it

[kindred night]

Here's an idea, let's not take private fossil dealer's words to heart when they're financially incentivized to say that a Rex is the biggest there ever was.

[fluid inlet]

Carcharodontosaurids the greatest theropod family of all time. 🔨

[stable sun]

aff. Carcharodontosauridae indet.

[opaque kayak]

Species name?

[primal ice]

It is Carcharodontosauria indet

[fluid inlet]

The things carcharodontosaurus indet would do to giga and rex is something vicious.

[opaque kayak]

Yeah, it don't have one

[primal ice]

Right here yes I stoll it ty

[fluid inlet]

Poor Rex and Giga Dent, they wouldn’t stand a chance against the true king!

[opaque kayak]

I love my half caudal (Hector's ichthyosaur victim and 300 mm crown owner victim)

[primal ice]

Tell me could it beat Arg

[fluid inlet]

https://preview.redd.it/im-tired-boss-v0-km3i65wiso5a1.jpg?auto=webp&s=d6d60169850ab7042ec75eb7535bb6ef17285dab

[potent marlin]

@primal ice weight, and debated size, says it reaches 14 tons, since the other cope rex has 12 tons speculated

[fluid inlet]

Where’s your sources bud!

[fluid inlet]

Can you add carcharodontosauria indet to the list, thanks!

[stable sun]

Which one

[fluid inlet]

Big fella in the back. The king. 👑 🫁

[potent marlin]

@fluid inlet dental giganotosaurus has 11.1 tones, this carcharodontosaurid must have 12 to 13 tones

[brave nova]

[stable sun]

it says that Carch is 10.7 t right there

Also dentary Giga isn't even necessarily 11.1 t

[fluid inlet]

No one said giga lil bro, also dent giga is 11t

[stable sun]

"dental giganotosaurus has 11.1 tones"

wdym no one said giga 😭

[gray zealot]

dental giga had teeth

[fluid inlet]

I’m talking about Gomez aka Rex and giga victimizers

[stable sun]

Okay and that guy mentioned Giga

[fluid inlet]

I didn’t ask him to add Giga to the scale tho , I know it’s there.

[floral cradle]

here me out guys , behold the tyrannosaurid of Mexico "Labocania"

[primal ice]

Where you get get your info from

[floral cradle]

what the 14 TONS! man these are some weird estimates

[floral cradle]

well if t Rex is that big then other carnivores have to be bigger right?

[primal ice]

It's a different rex ed cope

[floral cradle]

is it classified under the same species or what?

[primal ice]

It's the name it a rex it just the name Ed's the biggest rex found right now surpassing any larg theropod

[outer tusk]

BIH 6248 is within the upper 10 - lower 11 ton range for now

[fluid inlet]

how paleo accurate is this skin 🤓

[primal ice]

Hold on how big is cope then because I'm lost

[outer tusk]

I just said it

[fluid inlet]

10 tons to 11 tons

[primal ice]

Oh I'm silly 10 and 11 what's the average rex size then

[outer tusk]

7-8

[primal ice]

Okay so is it's this big

Right pls don't say wrong I'm gonna have to read the paper again to see

[fossil ingot]

??
No
I sended a Cope Skeletal before

[primal ice]

let me find it

[fossil ingot]

Kinda the best we have for him atm
2nd is Cope next to Random's Sue

[primal ice]

That's sue what about an average rex tho

[topaz shell]

Maybe a bit smaller than that

Although trynna get an average size chart is basically impossible

[primal ice]

Their tones of Rex's found surely theirs an average rex

[fossil ingot]

This should.be good for the average Rex
Needs bit more height due to Leg Cartilage bit otherwise is good
Average Rex is tmk around 7.5-8.1t Range

[primal ice]

Okay so why is the paper I'm looking at saying 12

[fossil ingot]

12t?
The AVERAGE?

[primal ice]

No cope

[fossil ingot]

Ohh
Cope is likely on the 11t range tmk
Maybe 12t if you use 11t sue

[primal ice]

Oh okay so I'm not going crazy

[fossil ingot]

This is how he could "look" Next to Sue and Scotty

[primal ice]

Ik what cope is which is Scott's and sue they look the same

[fossil ingot]

Lastly Cope compared to Holotype Giga and Giga scaled to the Dentary

Random prob knows better tho(I saw you typing)

[primal ice]

Okay let's move from rex how big next to herbs I'm thinking shant how big is shant next to cope then

[fluid inlet]

XD

[fossil ingot]

I can likely get a friend to compare both

[primal ice]

Nice

[floral cradle]

lets talk about dinosaurs that aren't recognized by many people shall we?

[fluid inlet]

gomez!?

[floral cradle]

wut is that

[primal ice]

Ahhh this thing he won't stop being a gomez boom

[floral cradle]

oh the carcha

[fluid inlet]

hes so beautiful

[primal ice]

Yes but it's erm actually carcharodontosauria indet not carch carcha

[floral cradle]

we got one back bone and we make it into a majestic carcha 👍

[fluid inlet]

its not carcharodontosaurus

[primal ice]

Car car

[iron halo]

What if carcha refers to carcharodontosauria

[fossil ingot]

Shant here seems to be around 13.93m

[thorn grove]

13.89 iirc unless that reconstruction is a smidge longer than the older version

Though that isn't the largest specimen of shant

[fossil ingot]

Around 13.89m yeah
Largest Shant should be around 14.5-15m at best tmk

[thorn grove]

yea about that range

[fossil ingot]

Then again Shant was likely Hunted by Z-Rex who is arguably smaller than Tarbo
Zchuchen god

The Goat

[thorn grove]

probably but Shant is one of the few Hadrosaurs that can actually rely on its size for protection against Tyrannosaurs rather than simply running away being their main strategy, though they would probably still prefer to just run given the choice

[fluid inlet]

Not adult Shantungosaurus , only the very old and weak. Not fully healthy and in the apex of its life.

[fossil ingot]

X-Rex likely still ran away from a Rex and that guy is not much smaller than the Shant in that comparison tbf

[thorn grove]

Shant is much more robust and well muscled than X-Rex and T. rex is like twice as big as Zhucheng

[fossil ingot]

A 13.89m Shant should be in the 13-14t Range
X-Rex is around 12t
Is not much smaller and still in decently comparison

[fluid inlet]

Need that Magnapaulia reconstruction!

[fossil ingot]

Cope still drops tho

[thorn grove]

that model you posted was found to be 16.5 t iirc

[fossil ingot]

True (Cope still drops)

Shant is still a Funny guy tho
Why are you so Big when Zucheng is smaller than Tarbo
Bro did Uno Reverse Card

[thorn grove]

sure but cope isn't a good comparison to Zhucheng lmao

[fossil ingot]

Tbf smallest Adult Rex is still larger than Zucheng
Z-Rex still goated cause of name

[thorn grove]

I have the completely serious and very real theory that Shant and Edmonto accidentally swapped ecosystems

[fossil ingot]

Real

Friendly reminder Sucho is Goated(think its Old Allo but still works)

[fluid inlet]

Where torvo!

[fossil ingot]

Here your Torvo and Cartilage Leg Torvo

[fluid inlet]

https://x.com/beagliam/status/1884844959158710434?s=46

Liam Power (@Beagliam) on X

Siats meekerorum skeletal scaled to the hypothetical adult with a more “active” pose DM for a neutrally posed version if you want one

X · Jan 30, 2025, 6:03 AM

[fossil ingot]

I like Conc Siats more

[opaque kayak]

Apparently this guy's models are weird

[fossil ingot]

Leave my Sucho Alone
Also 2nd Pic is I think from Toxic Midgets Model

[opaque kayak]

He adds on a lot of soft tissue, and got 11 tons or sm for NHMUK spino

[fossil ingot]

That Sucho is 4.8-5.6t

[fossil ingot]

I don't think he is adding THAT much
When Large Shant has also gotten around 19-20 tons
And Sucho from Dans Iirc was 5.4t and Hartmans is around 5 tons
So unless he makes Spino Fat, don't think he will get 10 tons

Tho with this guy MAYBE

[sterile trail]

Hear me out. . .

Oxalaia

[hallow spear]

13.6 for x Rex assuming a density of 1.0

[hallow spear]

I reckon that elemental scales standing length to centre length and Mayhaps this is why all their models are usually oversized

[fossil ingot]

Big

[river plinth]

Probably cause there was no competition or predators to stop them from eating resulting in generations later getting bigger

[river plinth]

I wish we got more suchomimus rep without a skin wrapped neck

[outer tusk]

@potent rapids is this about right for kaiwhekea

[compact leaf]

could probably get away with a bigger fluke Im not sure any aristonectines preserve one, also if those are wrinkles you could probably smooth it out a bit plesiosaurs were pretty chubby, overall good though

[outer tusk]

Aristonectes itself

[heady garnet]

could a carcass loading system

[compact leaf]

I love aristonectes, plesiosaurs in general but especially the big funny guy

[steady rock]

do you know stuff about Aristonectinae? because i have a question

[hallow spear]

Say no it’s be funny

[steady rock]

but my question is, dont we have evidence of a Aristonectinae that filter fed? or a plesiosaur in general

[potent rapids]

Proportions seem to match pretty well, although, Kaiwhekea appears to not have had as much of long fins as Aristonectes would have had, so I would make them a bit smaller. Good job

[compact leaf]

yes arostonectine teeth are made for filter feeding or sift feeding on the ocean floor

[steady rock]

different question of the same note, do you think we'll ever discorver a filter feeding Mosasaurid or Pliosaurid?

[wind prairie]

definitely not with mosasaurs, probably not with pliosaurs

[steady rock]

Oh. may I ask why?

[wind prairie]

mosasaurs didn't live long enough to develop such a thing, and pliosaurs were always just so strongly suited to killing large prey I find it hard to imagine any deviated so drastically

[steady rock]

Ooh alright, do you believe mosasaurs could've developed it had they lived longer? Or would what you said to pliosaurs apply to them too?

[wraith kindle]

As a group? Or you mean actual lifespan? You’d be surprised at how quickly things can diversify.

[wind prairie]

as a group. And no mosasaurids show up a bit late to the party and I highly doubt they got to filter feeding. Aristonectes itself already took so long that it only popped up at the end of the cretaceous, and plesiosaurs had existed for so so much longer beforehand

[wind prairie]

I mean if they had the time and the right pressures it could've happened maybe

[wraith kindle]

Compared to the other groups, they’re very short lived, yes.

[sly viper]

Isn't the average weight for a rex 9-10?

[tulip dove]

Nah

[sly viper]

Oh really? I could've sworn it was

[thorn grove]

maybe for skeletally mature individuals (but we only have like 4 confirmed iirc) but the overall average is likely below 8

[sly viper]

Is this imperial or metric?

[thorn grove]

metric but even with imperial the overall average wouldn't be 9 or more

[sly viper]

How much would it be with imperial?

I swear I heard somewhere it was 9-10 on average

Also how big would this make the others like giganotosaurus, spinosaurus and carcharodontosaurus?

[potent bobcat]

This is why I think the PTB changes to Sucho are bull

[fluid inlet]

dumbest changes ever fr.

[manic grail]

What are the changes?

[primal ice]

Okay so cope is no joke

[halcyon cobalt]

something something dr Frankenstein and frankenstein’s monster

[steady rock]

Do we know how fast a shant could run? I'm gonna assume faster then a sauropod despite being Close to the same size as like, apato (?)

[outer tusk]

@potent rapids better?

[steady rock]

I tried to add bary in it, did I scale it right?

Original skeletal

[frigid delta]

oh... Bary...
yeah no
always hated her since day one

[steady rock]

Did I scale ot right tho

[outer tusk]

Use Scott Hartman for a more accurate comparison

[steady rock]

Ooh ok

[fossil ingot]

Here Hartmans Bary in a Neutrañ Pose

[river plinth]

Average rex was 8-9 with exceptions of smaller runts below 8
10 was only the max out liars kinda like finding the largest bears in the woods apart from the rest

[fossil ingot]

Tmk Average Rex is just 7.5-8.1t
9t seems to high when we don't have much 9t Rexes

[river plinth]

That's fair

What's the average size of the other mega theropods giga spino and carch?

[thorn grove]

One reason animals tend to get more robust as they get larger is because muscle strength doesn't quite scale with volume, instead it has more to do with cross sectional area

Shant's robustness includes its legs and especially tail (the tail muscles playing a major role in Hadrosaur locomotion), so it most likely was quite a bit faster than similarly sized Sauropods if I had to guess

[fossil ingot]

Easy.
They have no average atleast not a more proper one like Rex
Giga only has the Holotype(Dentary doesn't exist in my eyes but 2 if you count it but its size its kinda yolo)
We have no Big Aegyptiacus and Large one is well only 1 Really
Carcha is only the Neotype

[fossil ingot]

I like but at the same time dislike Hartmans Sucho lol.
I prefer Dan's Sucho(Def not cause its slightly larger)

[steady rock]

Is my scaling good?

[fossil ingot]

If you scale using the Scale Bar it should be alr imo

Add Carno there

[steady rock]

I think?

[river plinth]

Oh ok

[steady rock]

How does that TikTok relate to paleontology

[spice snow]

Nah forget it

I was gonna delete it myself dawg 😔

[river plinth]

Dinosaurs

[sudden wind]

Get rid of the earhole, eye could be bigger, head less blunt

Here is the description if you need.

[fossil ingot]

Sucho and Tarbo

[sudden wind]

But if you want you can try to check Mortuneria and other Aristonectines (preferably Alexandronectes) to really get an idea of what Kaiwhekea looked like.

It's so sad it got such a short description and yet this taxon is quite complete and even preserves carnival material. Kai is weird among Aristonectines as the skull isn't dorsoventrally flattened, so it retains a more typical Elasmosaur look.

[outer tusk]

So what to make the eye bigger

( Also I agree Kaiwhekea is so damn cool )

[fossil ingot]

Sucho and Cope

[fossil ingot]

Crazy how this two are basically same weight lol

[opaque kayak]

Now we only need to make a comp between Imperiospinus and Tyrannosaurus Cope

[wraith kindle]

Well, tarbo is kinda bulkier and the heavier skull makes up for it?

[sudden wind]

Ok so you may have given too much tissues on your Kaiwhekea's face. The eye doesn't necessarily need to be bigger actually but more forward oriented as you can see in the dorsal reconstruction (the orbit is kind of forward positioned).

[fossil ingot]

Wtf is that

[opaque kayak]

Hate

[wraith kindle]

I was gonna say that looks overly large.

The name also sounds very… imperial.

[primal ice]

qianzhousaurus no where to be seen here

[steady rock]

Good because why would it be there?

[primal ice]

Because it's underrated

[steady rock]

You try to add it in yourself /nm

[primal ice]

I don't even know how

[fossil ingot]

Its to Big so he looks weird

[opaque kayak]

Bruh

[opaque kayak]

This is baby

[steady rock]

Neither did I, I had to beg falcon to do them for me

[wraith kindle]

1.5 tons? That’s a starved spino.

[primal ice]

Huh

[open compass]

Is alioramus juvie tarbo?

[outer tusk]

This isn't any better given it body plan doesn't showcase a 13t animal

[steady rock]

I think your thinking of raptorex

[outer tusk]

Alioramus is an immature animal but it is and was never synonymous with tarbosaurus

[primal ice]

....... no alio is a long snouted tyrannosaur

[fossil ingot]

Smaller than Bary

[wraith kindle]

Wait, how immature? Like it could be a lot bigger?

[outer tusk]

It's 9 years old

[primal ice]

Wait what how big could it be then

[tough parcel]

The idea is Qianzhousaurus is the close size for an adult alioramine, but it’s conjecture as that is a sub-adult + no adult Alioramus are known

[wraith kindle]

That doesn’t tell me much, like when is Alioramus sexual maturity?

[tough parcel]

We have 2 juveniles (Both Alioramus species) and one sub-adult (Qianzhousaurus) so unless you want to use the time machine, it’s unknown right now

[outer tusk]

We don't know because we don't have sexually maturity alioramus

[wraith kindle]

So, ours is basically a kid still.

[outer tusk]

@sudden wind is Hartman's Rhomaleosaurus good to use as I have 2 rhomaleosaurids planned for my game

[primal ice]

Wait even qianzhousaurus is still a young one

[tough parcel]

@wraith kindle “Ours” as in PoT? If so, no, the in-game one is upscaled drastically

@primal ice Sub-adult means not fully grown, but it is likely to be near adult size. It will not grow significantly more

[fossil ingot]

Alio Jumpscare

[outer tusk]

For what it is Qianzhou dwarfs both alioramus species at 7 meters long & 1,200kg

[wraith kindle]

It’d end up being about the same size as Rex maybe? Still very gracile compared to Rexes side of the family.

@falcon.09 As in PoT, yes.

[tough parcel]

No, not the same size as rex 💀

[outer tusk]

7-8t Alioramus!

[fossil ingot]

Nanotyrannus Bigger

[wraith kindle]

Well, I mean up there, you know.

[outer tusk]

It would not be close to even Albertosaurus size what are you hitting 😭

[tough parcel]

I just said that it likely wouldn’t grow any more significantly so the assumption it’d be near rex size is kinda silly

[umbral kite]

are bird dinosaur or cousin of dinosaurs

[warped peak]

How long would a Rex weight Alioramus be even

[fossil ingot]

True
Alberto is around 2.2 tons

[stable sun]

both Alioramus species? the second one is the same as the first one

[wraith kindle]

Bird are literally dinosaurs, descended straight from the raptorian dinos. Not from the Dromaeosauridae I don’t think, but closely related.

[fossil ingot]

Idk bro
All I know is Tarbo Appreciation

[stable sun]

They are dinosaurs most closely related to Troodontids and Dromaeosaurids

[crystal dock]

Adult alioramus

[wraith kindle]

I don’t mean literally rex chonk here.

[warped peak]

Ah yes increasing in size by 10×

[wraith kindle]

What specimen is that of though? Looks like I described dino.

[crystal dock]

It says the specimen name right there

[wraith kindle]

Also, early coelurosauria? I thought the tyrannosaurs were a later group. Or are they just saying early diverging?

@crystal dock What species is it of, is what I’m trying to ask.

[umbral kite]

what spinourird is that and wat tarbo is that

[crystal dock]

It says in the image

[warped peak]

It's a tooth

A singular tooth

[wraith kindle]

Name must be in Chinese then.

[tough parcel]

NHMG 8500

[warped peak]

The NHMG 8500 in question

[wraith kindle]

That’s not the species name, which is what I’m asking………

[outer tusk]

Brother it doesn't have a species name

[warped peak]

It's anything from a Megaraptorine to an Alioramine

It's a single tooth, not much to diagnose

[wraith kindle]

What specimen is it OF, ie allosaurus?

@outer tusk ok, thanks for answering what I was trying to ask, looked like undescribed or uncertain.

[outer tusk]

If you read the message in the yk image is says everything you need

[warped peak]

The skull reconstruction in that image is based off of various Tyrannosaurs, Eoraptor and Alioramus namely

[wraith kindle]

I was asking to be sure, Yeesh guys………………….

[tough parcel]

I wonder why Eoraptor is thrown in there like what 😭

[outer tusk]

Allosaurus is not a cretaceous coelurosaurian, but a late Jurassic carnosaur

[warped peak]

Referred specimen NHMG 8500, a nearly complete right maxillary tooth. species estimate:NHMG8500 is the largest dinosaur tooth in Asia, and since the preserved part is the tooth, it is difficult to infer its exact classification (tooth morphology is convergent and depends on prey). Strangely, its characteristics are different from all known Theropoda (such as Spinosaurus, Tyrannosaurus , and Carcharodontosaurus).However, given that research on theropods in China is still incomplete, there may be other unique evolutionary branches present (this painting was reconstructed based on this) The main body of this restored skull refers to the Eotyrannus , and the nasal bone refers to the Alioramus

[wraith kindle]

facepalm I threw in a random ass name to explain what I’m trying to ask! I know it’s not an allo!!

Quit misunderstanding me all over the place! Lol…..

Why are they saying early Coelurosaurian? Their origins are all the way back in the Jurassic.

[outer tusk]

What are you talking about

[fossil ingot]

Suchomimus

[warped peak]

What do we prefer here

Vertebrae taxon, or Tooth taxa

[wraith kindle]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrannosauroidea I guess their origins go back further than I thought, ok then.

[outer tusk]

Yeah because Eotyrannus and megaraptora are early coelursaurian

[wraith kindle]

Wouldn’t late Cretaceous tyrranosauroids be more appropriate given its age?

[round hedge]

LATEN JUMPSCARE

[flat pond]

https://x.com/beast_sculptkit/status/1885357838567895088?s=46

Creative Beast Studio (@Beast_SculptKit) on X

We showed off a ton of cool stuff last night on our livestream, but the biggest news was at the end. If you missed it- our Spinosaurus sculpt is now in progress! No release or pricing info yet, but it will be offered at 1/18th and 1/35th scale. More updates in the coming months!

X · Jan 31, 2025, 4:01 PM

[steady rock]

Any possibility nanotyranus could be apart of Alioramini?

[tough parcel]

Maaybe...

[steady rock]

Would anything abt it's size/length/etc change if it was?

[round hedge]

Not really, i mean people think that juvi tarbos competed with sub-adult to adult Alioramus bc they lived in the same place at the same time

[tough parcel]

That is normal for a healthy ecosystem

[wraith kindle]

Isn’t nanotyrranus kind of dubious? I mean, I know of the whole controversy over nano being a young rex or not (was that ever resolved?).

[undone rapids]

Its still being worked on atm.

[steady rock]

Would nanotyranus have the same bite force depending on if it was a alioramini or a tyrannosauridae?

@wraith kindle I think it's still being debated, but even if it is, it's fun to think of the what ifs

[stable sun]

Early diverging, but they also evolved before the middle Jurassic

[sudden wind]

I mean, you can straight up use the fossils as a reference.

If you really want a drawn reference, Smith and Benson. 2014 may be some of the best reference. Ward. 1866 is also stays as pretty good for a dorsal view.

[primal ice]

They are dinosaurs but not directly they just are in their own way

[umbral kite]

and was that tarbosaurus bataar

[thorn grove]

No they're just Dinosaurs, they are animals in the clade Dinosauria and are therefore Dinosaurs

[stable sun]

They are directly dinosaurs in the same way Triceratops, Tyrannosaurus or Velociraptor are

[wraith kindle]

Just, you know, highly derived.

[sudden wind]

Derived is all just a relative term you know.

[wraith kindle]

Yeah I know, like humans are just highly derived fish (mostly joking, I know it’s not used like that in any serious conversation).

[primal ice]

Oh school always say birds are dinosaurs but not directly but nice to know a lie that I've always believed in

[wary junco]

I'm confused what 'birds are dinosaurs, but not directly' would even mean in a biological context? Dinosauria is a clade so the answer is very simple 'yes' or 'no'. Is Aves within Dinosauria? Yes, so they're dinosaurs.

[gray zealot]

birds are straight up dinosaurs, but the reason its not picked up by most curriculum is just whats considered traditional methods (theres more to it)

[sudden wind]

I mean, tunas are also derived if you decide to look it in a certain way, more derived than humans.

[wraith kindle]

Exactly.

[warped peak]

Me, looking at a tuna

Brother

[sudden wind]

Like, here for example, the derived taxon is the beaver as it is a phylogeny about placental mammals. So, non-placental mammals and non mammalian animals would be considered "basal" given with my data set.
If I had to do a phylogenetic tree about Teleosteii however, my derived characters would absolutely not be the same one. Mammals would be classified as a more "basal" group as it is closer to the nod.

TLDR : derived and basal groups/taxon do not exist, it is just a matter of perspective. Each organisms represent an evolutionary lineage and are biological entities subject to constant evolution. The only thing that you can call "derived" and "basal" are characters and these are solely based on your objectives and data.