paleontology

[sullen cairn]

(in one resolution of one matrix in a paper about a metriacanthosaur)

[zinc solstice]

Name every source saying it's a Spinosaurid

[bright veldt]

It’s more likely just a basal carnosaur

[pliant cedar]

can one of u fellas read my presentation and critique it

[zinc solstice]

New dinosaur alert: Alpkarakush a New Metriacanthosaurine

[pliant cedar]

do u wanna read it

[zinc solstice]

Yes

[turbid forum]

Anyone ever minds to remrmber enhydriodon omoensis?

[native kindle]

most recent =/= most accurate. it's the only paper that's claimed this kinda thing tmk

[plucky basin]

does somebody have the image where its like the first one but with as much as the second image?

i remember there being an image like this

[steady rock]

How did monolophosaurus end up in spinosaurid

[outer tusk]

it's outside of spinosauridae if anyone zoomed into the image

[fossil ingot]

Ohh Dentary Giga how I hate you

[plucky basin]

thank you, i realized my adult spino was spawning in near ember falls (PE) so i had to lock in

[outer tusk]

womp womp

[fossil ingot]

Nuh uh

[ancient crystal]

How possible is it that the dentary giga just had a really ugly oversized tooth?

[hybrid spindle]

Does anyone have any accurate articles for 2024 or accurate pictures for eo trikes size?

[hallow spear]

it would be the jaw, not the tooth

[ancient crystal]

Oh wait ☠️

Yeah, I forgot it was more than a tooth lmao

[robust parcel]

@fossil ingot Hello there! In a sense, Eos „big head“ was exactly the pun I was going for - but all jesting aside I would be interested in seeing that skeletal comparison. I worked for the Department of Paleontology in our local Natural History Museum as a research assistant for several years - but I have to say land dwellers are not my area of expertise - not even by a long shot. So pretty much everything going on there is news to me.

Oh never mind, you posted it in gen-chat. Thank you!

[fossil ingot]

I mean
We had rexed whose teeths were bigger than Sue but were smaller than Sue

[honest wave]

Since what paper?

[jagged trellis]

random question: how big was the largest shunosaurus specimen

[outer tusk]

which speices

[jagged trellis]

both, thats why i didn't specify

[outer tusk]

4.2t and 10.1 tonnes

[onyx sedge]

I have this size comparison, I got it from falcon

[jagged trellis]

thanks fellas

[velvet burrow]

Boi the shuno was big

Question, is the jurassic South America fossil record as barren as it seems?

[white matrix]

how is the eye placement, and is the red line where I should put the soft tissue that connects the bottom jaw to the top?

[sullen cairn]

if your name doesn't start with canadon it kinda sucks yeah

now saying that canadon asfalto is very cool

[velvet burrow]

That one is toarcian right?

Seems kinda messy

[sullen cairn]

iirc toarcian yeah

[warped peak]

Everyone is talking about the new Cladogram and Monolopho, but nobody is talking about the proposed Megaraptoran Shaochilong

[somber nebula]

Megaraptoran Shaochilong is something I did not expect, would love to see their reasoning. Where can I access this btw?

[compact leaf]

if it’s not the direct focus of the matrix a lot of strange things can happen to a tree

[bright veldt]

^ it shouldnt be taken that seriously

[zinc solstice]

Random but Could someone name most or all Mesozoic turtles they know that are fresh water dwellers and don't have flippers and are semi aquatic as a challenge

[bright veldt]

I know Basilemys

[warped peak]

Doubt you could name all living ones even

[turbid forum]

DAMN and I was taught shuno was small

[tranquil quartz]

How accurate is this paleo art of Tyrannotitan? (By Tiny Troodon)

[river plinth]

Maybe sue still had baby teath in and died before the adult teeth in

[daring grotto]

sue is like, one of the oldest rexes we’ve found

second oldest after trix iirc

[sudden wind]

I'd probably make it like the one further down in the jaw

[hushed fossil]

Went to the Museo Del Jurásico De Asturias yesterday

[white matrix]

I appreciate your input

[snow python]

Do we have any up to date Gigantoraptor skeletal?

[white matrix]

I don't know anything about oviraptor related dinosaurs

[bright veldt]

Really the only skeletal that exists tbh

[snow python]

Is it really a subadult?

[scenic flame]

if it was it would barely get much bigger

[turbid forum]

Is that gigantoraptor?

[magic monolith]

The first 2 pics are yeah

[turbid forum]

Ok

[turbid forum]

Bro what 💀💀💀

[unkempt roost]

It's a paleomeme, I didn't know where to put it.

[silk radish]

I’m a bit late but, it appears we have a new Metri https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpkarakush

[unkempt roost]

It's got a catchy name aswell

[white matrix]

pinged the wrong person 🥲

[scenic flame]

oh

[silver canopy]

them eyebrows

[distant mauve]

question are we aware of any venomous prehistoric species besides Euchambersia?

[warped peak]

This (can't remember name) might be venomous.

Also a lot of assorted arthropods definitely were

[distant mauve]

he is.. very wide near the base

[warped peak]

Eusarcana, that's the name

[grizzled ledge]

my march trip to the NYC museum of natural history

[mental slate]

Bro, the prehistoric world was so much better XD

[lament zodiac]

Right..

[stray pine]

What have they done this time?

[compact leaf]

it’s not the focus of the papers matrix and you shouldn’t put much stock into its placement

[native kindle]

i wonder how many times that'll have to be said in the next month or so

[stray pine]

(Yes, I know it was a mistake)

[scenic flame]

Alpkarakush has be detremental for Monolophosaurus's public image

[sullen cairn]

this is yet another reason abelisauridae is unironically a great clade because whenever something has an eccentric resolution its just another tuesday so nobody cares

and when something actually weird like cenomanian furileusaur is described its not actually that shocking because genusaurus had already done that a couple times in addition to every other placement in abelisauroidea

[zinc solstice]

Did it inject venom with its tail or its arms?

[distant mauve]

I would assume the tail? But who knows

[frigid delta]

huh... weird... i don't remember Velo being a 330 kg medium sized theropod. am i missin smthing over here???

[honest cobalt]

Your playing carnivore dino hunter, thats why lol

[frigid delta]

ah

[honest cobalt]

I think their trex is like 100ft of something. I play it on my phone

[frigid delta]

haha yeah...
scared laugh

[honest cobalt]

I still love the game tho, even if it’s not accurate. I just love dinos! I play the ice age one too.

[open compass]

Btw it's possible to play these on phone

[open compass]

Well, they're based on retro dinos
They were accurate 👆

[honest cobalt]

They made spino wayyy smaller than trex

[copper flame]

Lucky… the most I got was a Japanese universal Jurassic park inaccurate rex skeletal

[frigid delta]

12 ton euplo is possible??? (in legacy)

[open compass]

These aliens are huge, yeah

[honest cobalt]

How inaccurate are we talking?

[copper flame]

No gastraila inaccurate

[honest cobalt]

Ohhh now is see! They stole it

[copper flame]

And iirc the tail was weirdly like a diplodocus tail whip (probably accurate but I’m not too sure) and the arms looked too close to its neck

[honest cobalt]

Even with its inaccuracy, still a gorgeous skeleton

[copper flame]

Japan universal was super fun tho

[copper flame]

True that

[pliant cedar]

wheres the paper that suggests monolopho was a spinosaurid

[frigid delta]

https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/201/4/zlae090/7736730

[pliant cedar]

this is the one about the metriacanthosaurid tho

[pliant cedar]

yeah i mean the mono megalosaurid theory

[tough parcel]

It's here and not new afaik
"The taxonomic composition of the two clades largely conformed to that found in other recent analysis, with a few notable exceptions. Monolophosaurus, which has been recovered in varying positions within basal tetanurans in recent years, was placed in the Megalosauroidea."

Keep in mind, it is likely that it's a Herrerasaurus situation where the animal is so basal on the tree that we know it's in Tetanurae, but beyond that we cannot pinpoint it

[pliant cedar]

ah, what reasons did they give for it

[snow python]

Up to date?

[frigid delta]

#paleontology message

[bright veldt]

^

[frigid delta]

https://x.com/weird_dog_thing/status/1826758118128452045?t=PBQTWRoBpj-_X9bEuJfRMw&s=19
how accurate 1-10?

dinodog:) (@weird_dog_thing) on X

I have convinced myself that Tyrannosaurus rex is just a big puppy.....

#dinosaurs #paleoart

Twitter · Aug 22, 2024, 11:07 PM

m e g a c h o n k e r l o l

[unkempt roost]

Eheheehehehheheheh
Date: 6.9.2024

[sterile trail]

How do y'all think it will take for this to be outdated?

[distant mauve]

Probably not long if it isn't already but who knows lol

[native kindle]

the general shape has not actually changed too much since the early 2020's, and i doubt it'll change much further

[open compass]

Lips are debatable

[turbid forum]

Yo

Anyone knows about cryptoprocta spelea

[bright veldt]

Spino changing every day is a heavy exaggeration. Its appearance has been consistent since 2020. The reason it feels that way is because two groups of scientists have been arguing about spinosaurus ecology regularly for years (despite both sides probably being wrong)

[turbid forum]

Anyone?

[bright veldt]

Do you mean Crocuta crocuta spelaea?

[turbid forum]

No, I meant cryptoprocta spelea the cave fossa

[bright veldt]

Oh, heard of it before I think but not much else

[turbid forum]

Yea. It isnt as known as it should be

Here it is alongside a lemur of the genus archaeoindris

[scenic flame]

just came up with an interesting hypothesis of sorts, it is that unreasonable for stegosaurs to possibly be poisonous to some extent through sequestering toxins? They're thought to be cycad specialists which are generally rather toxic, animals that sequester toxins from the things they eat also tend to have more concentrated toxins than their food

[turbid forum]

Bro wanted POT miragaia to exist irl

[scenic flame]

do you have any serious arguement against it?

[junior dawn]

def not

[junior dawn]

to this lol
can’t elaborate rn but i’m sure someone else will!

[white matrix]

IIRC it isn't unreasonable - current studies suggest it may have been rodent-like in consumption of wood pulp and scat, alongside a serrated "beak" and thick cheeks. However, bite force places it around 300 N, which is already signifigantly lower than humans (~700 N).

It's also known that Stegosaur teeth had high ridges and noticable denticles, but most studies say this is from wear of chewing - it's also suggested that stegosaurids (as of 2024) may continiously replaced their teeth, but only rarely, and thus favoured softer plants and high sugar diets (possibly sugarcane like, due to lack of flowers and therefore fruit).

As such.... it's actually even more plausable that the stegosaurs may have developed a way to process cycasin, if cycasin was the poison used historically, especially as the seeds (both woody and high in glucose) would fit stegosaurid feeding patterns

[woeful falcon]

Where in that does it become poisonous

[white matrix]

You can't digest cycasin because it methalates your DNA aka gives you cancer. If it ate cycasin regularly, it'd have to have a way to move the chemical to a "storage unit" like a gland of some kind

Like birds who eat cycads do irl

[scenic flame]

ok so not that I'm super invested in my hypothosis but how possible is it that it could be secreted into the keratin in it's spines?

[velvet burrow]

The fact that it wouldn't have been necessary, like, why to have venom when a stab from thagomizer would've been enough to deter, injury or kill a predator

[scenic flame]

probably more useful for a juvenile

[sullen cairn]

[velvet burrow]

There are Allosaurus with Stegosaurus injuries and i believe they healed, so bro wasn't poisoned if true
Also there are many modern day herbivores that eat toxic plants and aren't poisonous or venomous or whatever

[scenic flame]

Idk enough to speak on your first point but your last one is entirely missing the point, I'm speaking about the plausibility not a yes or no

[white matrix]

It's probably more likely that it'd be a gland that'd be "squeezed" upon threat reaction if we want to go the route of poison, tbh - probably more similar to how shrews taste horrible and therefore are hunted less

Also TableSeating, I'm not proposing it as a serious theory, we're just having fun about possibility :)

[scenic flame]

also iirc there was a theory or a paper on Nodosaur osteoderms and their keratin sheaths being designs to be comparatively easy to destroy in order to act as a sort of shock absorber, which in my admittly out there hypothesis, may be a reason to have the keratin have toxins of some kind? so if a predator ingests some of the keratin or gets lacerated in their mouth

[scenic flame]

gotcha, I suppose that level of mild poison would be reasonable for most herbivores then, though probably less so the bigger they are

[white matrix]

Yeah, it's more likely to make their urine be especially smelly due to how you have to move cycasin

[woeful falcon]

So the verdict would be.... theoretically possible, but improbable?

Not for spikes being the mode of transfer I mean but the other method you spoke of grif

[white matrix]

Basically! It's def biologically possible, but if it is used, it's likely

1. in too small a dose to cause tremors as it does irl
2. used for scent rather than poison (i work with toxins and cycasin STINKS)

The issue with cycasin is because it's a good food source (lots of sugar by digesting it), but it produces chemicals that ""eat"" your dna - and given stegosaurid feeding habits that we know, that means it'd be a good food source. You know. Asides from the cancer.

So either it redirected the toxins we know cycads have and did have, or it digested them and possibly had an anti-cancer gene a la naked mole rats (there's more serious possibilities due to falsability, but for plausability...)

[woeful falcon]

There is also the thing about larger animals having adaptions against cancer ye? Might be speaking from no where because I never looked into it but I saw a blurb about that

Tho idk how well said adaptions do against inviting cancer through your front door as this would imply

Or a greater stretch would be the cycads of yesterday didn't fight with the same toxins

[scenic flame]

I remember hearing one theory behind this was that bigger animals get "super tumours" more and more often, where the cancer tumour itself gets cancer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1AElONvi9WQ

though I think this unlikely at least for stegosaurs overall with how many comparatively small ones there are

[bright veldt]

Do we even see toxic sequestering in large animals? I’d imagine the bigger you are the disproportionately more you’d need to eat to proper sustain such a defense

[scenic flame]

not to my knowledge, mainly just popped into my heads since stegosaurs are Cycad specialists, thus if they're already eating alot of a toxic plants it may not be as bad, though I think this issue is irrelevant for juveniles or smaller species

[bright veldt]

I mean even “small” stegosaurs are 500+ kg as adults

[jagged trellis]

kurzgesagt mentioned

[scenic flame]

true, though idk how many truly comparable herbivores we have today that are very slow and have predators that are bigger than them that alot have a diet of quite toxic plants
but eitherway I think juvenile would be the main benifiter

[white matrix]

Yeahhh... the other issue of keratin spines is... cycasin doesn't work through the blood stream, you have to digest it - it's the process of digesting it that is dangerous, not simply having it in your blood (unless you injected it into the liver, which is unlikely given we know they targeted legs)

There's always the possibility too that it wasn't the same toxin!

Scanova, it would mean they'd have to eat more - hence my proposal it might be a scent thing rather than a poison thing if it did happen (though otherwise they'd have the issue of poisoning themself, assuning cycasin)... but humans also do toxin sequestration, though we're a lot smaller than stegosaurs.

[scenic flame]

with that in mind def seems like juveniles could benefit from it far more than adults

[woeful falcon]

So the simple and probable thought would be just, they had adaptions to the stuff from their teeth to their inner biology lol.

[scenic flame]

I really wish this ecological and dietary side of palaeontology got more attention, even the whole poison thing aside I always wondered how stegosaurs dealt with eating cycads

[white matrix]

Yeah, basically! it's just dependent on how the biology dealt with it, given the poison we know today is horrible when digested

[scenic flame]

also to be clear with the poison thing, I'm very specifically choosing to use the word hypothesis since it's something I can never prove, but only justify the plausibility of

[sullen cairn]

especially with the wealth of comprehensive preexisting literature

[silver canopy]

https://youtu.be/-A5YRb7hFIg?si=bCBSFpz6Mev2_z3i

[compact leaf]

this has fallen out of favor recently because it never made a ton of sense in the first place, the current understanding is that large animals tend to develop better dna repair mechanisms as a response to higher risk of cancer (in elephants we actually know what gene could be responsible)

[halcyon cobalt]

could have stegosaurs being social and having the poison glands near their mount or something and spreading it on eachother in grooming

[jagged trellis]

the only mental image i have now are stegosaurs rearing up to use glands like slow lorises and maul each other lmao

[night blaze]

Why are abelisaurids so fragmentary and sparce? Is there any hypothesis on this? (Yes I tried looking it up I didn’t really get an answer)

[sullen cairn]

we have several very nicely preserved abelisaurs its more a case of the absolute crap ones still get described as new taxa for whatever reason

[woeful falcon]

Ironically, one of the most well preserved dinosaurs is an abelisaurid haha

[halcyon cobalt]

meat bull being super well preserved but only once

[daring grotto]

it is pretty crazy to me that we have one only carno but it’s so incredibly well preserved, it’s kinda all we’ve needed to get a great idea of what they looked like

[lavish frigate]

How are my Rex and Bary dudes accuracy wise?

[velvet burrow]

This is the average for described abelisaurids

[frigid delta]

lemme guess...
Thanos?

[velvet burrow]

Ye

[frigid delta]

https://tenor.com/view/thanos-thano-marvel-snapped-gauntlet-gif-15240315

[zinc solstice]

Is Euchambersia having fur Likely or Unlikely

[bright veldt]

maybe, we dunno

[zinc solstice]

So it wouldn't be 100% inaccurate for it to have fur

[bright veldt]

We just don't know. We aren't sure when fur first showed up evolutionarily. Could've been at therocephalia might've been at gorgonopsia. Or later on than both groups.

[mossy hawk]

Is gonkoken still a valid species or has it fallen into the same pit as Troodon

[compact leaf]

it’s valid yeah

[mossy hawk]

Thank you cuttle

[kindred night]

Unsupported. Hair most likely first appears in cynodonts. Potential for it to be there but probably unlikely.

[turbid forum]

Think it did, we dont have true evidence but I believe it was already hairy

Prob think that bc of walking with monsters bc they depict euchambersia with some sort of fur

[open patio]

you do but almost exclusively in marine predators like tuna/shark where methylated mercury and other heavy metals biomagnify as they ascend the food chain

I do also know of some poisonous large animals which could kill you but there's likely no evolution of it but rather a byproduct of diet/lifestyle. the livers of large carnivores like polar bears are supposedly so high in Vitamin A that it could cause serious harm and likewise the flesh of the greenland sharks which live for centuries are essentially flooded with ammonia and almost inedible

[fluid inlet]

https://x.com/sharkbitesteve/status/1807866112303890699?s=46

Steve White (@sharkbitesteve) on X

Batrachotomus ambushes a Mastodonsaurus. Middle Triassic, Germany.

A4. Inspired by jaguars hunting caiman.

Original available.

Twitter · Jul 1, 2024, 7:57 PM

[bright veldt]

That’s not it in the traditional sense. It’s not specifically for defense. It’s just a side effect of being a fish.

[pliant cedar]

there is a kind of large sea turtle that can sequester poisons to become poisonous itself

[hallow spear]

My headcannon is that the juveniles utilised the byproduct for them to become toxic when consumed :3

[wraith kindle]

Not just marine predators, but anything at the top or near the top of the food chain because toxins that everything else has gotten, accumulates at the top.

It’s why birds of prey get affected by pesticides, for example.

[warped peak]

Toxic neon baby Stegos

[pearl cape]

Oi

Tudo bem

[hallow spear]

Wait this guy may have found the reason for the strange gap wherever the gap was in stegosaurs, it was the gland to store cycasin

@sullen cairn wtf is it, its where they thought stego had 2 brains im not crazy i just forgot where it was located help me pls

[sullen cairn]

sacrum

[compact leaf]

the butt brain

[open compass]

Is Juran heavier than achill?

[outer tusk]

yes jurtyrant is 650kg and achillobator is 304kg

https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/897995109495353394/898303680359563305/image0.jpg?ex=66cae8bf&is=66c9973f&hm=672a50dc17fa7217c3cc594221000a07c5f4439b161945e752195bd18b79913c&=&format=webp&width=708&height=676

[velvet burrow]

Is there any Bajo de la Carpa size comparison? (I think someone was doing one at one point)

[sullen cairn]

you could prolly cobble one together for most taxa but also like this is the best traukutitan ref rn so

[tall vale]

What is the biggest Tyrannosaurus skull?

[silver canopy]

oh my goodness hiber isn't oversized.

this alarms me

[carmine badger]

Man…..

[white matrix]

anyone know achillo's approx ingame size?

[junior dawn]

about 2.9m tall, and about 6.5m long

[white matrix]

[bright veldt]

It is but not awfully.

[cloud badger]

Hey guys so I've seen those projects of "resurrecting " the aurochs and I see a lot of people say it won't be a true auroch but aren't domestic cattle and auroch basically the same species? Not even different subspecies if i remember

[zinc solstice]

Did Eurypterids lay their eggs on land near the shore or in the water

[cloud badger]

@zinc solstice Wikipedia says land

[open patio]

true that biomagnification affects all apex predators, but methyl mercury specifically is much higher in marine settings/systems hence why i used tuna as an example

[open patio]

rather its a side effect of being a high trophic order predator which lives in a marine setting. also it seems a more likley compared to miragia utilising poisons from cycads to link game lore to paleo

[turbid forum]

Yangchuanosaurus is bigger than allosaurus yet allo is 5 times more famous

Can someone explain that?

[stiff osprey]

yangchuanosaurus was found in china in the 1970s and allosaurus was found in the united states in the 1870s

[turbid forum]

Yeah but still

In dinosaur revolution they had a section with shunosaurus and in theory, shunosaurus and yangchuano lived together
Yet it wasnt featured

[stiff osprey]

They didn't live together as far as we know, but to be fair neither did Sinraptor, which was the theropod featured alongside shuno

Sinraptor was probably chosen because it has a cooler name

Allosaurus got a huge hype campaign because in the 1870s people had never seen anything like it, and it would only be surpassed by Tyrannosaurus being discovered some 30 years later. And that's why it's still famous to this day

[turbid forum]

Idk
They should have picked huayangosaurus or yi

[wraith kindle]

Those weren't discovered in the late 19th or early 20th centuries.

[frigid delta]

https://x.com/Peak4651/status/1827372344819773911?t=GSlDSEC25YfT2ZDf8pI-Rg&s=19
possible?

Jessica bababi 🍒 (@Peak4651) on X

Sauropod have a beak!!!
.
#Europasaurus #Sauropod

Twitter · Aug 24, 2024, 3:48 PM

[pliant cedar]

im also confused why megaraptorans arent more popular

[tough parcel]

Last I checked, it wasn't a pure beak but just hardened skin (not fully keratinized)

[outer tusk]

Fragmentary

[white matrix]

Does anyone know the bite force of the Latenivenatrix mcmasterae? I was just wondering...

[outer tusk]

No cause it's dead!

[bright veldt]

The taxa doesn’t exist anymore so no.

[white matrix]

Are you sure it does not exist? Then what replaces it?

Any answers?

[bright veldt]

Stenonychosaurus, tmk the taxa hasn’t been tested for bite force.

[tough parcel]

My science-math got like 3k newtons for back of the jaw

[white matrix]

I thought the size of the Stenonychosaurus was smaller compared to the alaskan troodont. Additionally, Gregory S. Paul wrote it in the 2024 addition of the Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs (3rd Edition).

[sullen cairn]

I heard he also wrote in the 2016 addition of the Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs (2nd Edition).

[bright veldt]

Alaskan Troodontid is literally just teeth and shouldn’t be taken seriously in such discussion. Not to mention GSP isn’t exactly the greatest and most reliable in terms of taxonomy (My guy lumps like the entirety of centrosaurinae into centrosaurus).

[white matrix]

...And the first edition. Before I entered the group my name was after him and his image (L.O.L).

[outer tusk]

13 ton spinosaurus 😭

[white matrix]

I also believe the skull shape is slightly different to other casual troodontids particularly comparing to Zanabazar and Saurornithoides. They also hunted slightly North (I believe) which means that it has an entirely different hunting style after all. I think even if so, the species would be too far apart from Troodon formosus (A.K.A Stenonychosaurus inequalis).

[white matrix]

I think that is a rather exaggerated calculation. After all, the bulk is just not enough to compare to that of the tyrant lizard king (not to mention Sue, Scotty and E.D Cope).

[scenic flame]

I don't think the skull shape can be gotten from just teeth

[outer tusk]

Nah 13 ton spinosaur is so sigma that it's based in Ohio, literally goat'd

[scenic flame]

this is troodon/'the alaskan troodontid'

[white matrix]

I think we have had (not so good) scattered fragments, but that is a great point.

[frigid delta]

alpha skibidi mewing rex better

[white matrix]

According to Planet Dinosaur, which may be old, but a lot of the information is still looked from above, they say 'Alaskan Troodons' are double the size of normal Troodons (which are around 2-3 metres).

[scenic flame]

we don't because said fragments would be their own taxon, you can't lump em into a tooth taxon, dinosaur teeth 99% of the time aren't diagnostic on the genus level, some times not even on the clade level

[bright veldt]

Inferred from teeth which is a hilariously bad way to do things

[white matrix]

Really? Or is it due to that fact that we are discussing fragmentary teeth?

[tough parcel]

Fragmentary (or poorly/undescribed) anything is stupid and shouldn't be scaled

[scenic flame]

wdym fragementary teeth? teeth in of themselves are fragementary undiagnostic remains, unless it's a mammal, which in general mammalian teeth are alot more diagnostic

[white matrix]

I mean, I am not a palaeontologist but I adore dinosaur...so...alright then. I feel as though I am face to face with a king here. Feels like a Rex against a Laten.

[outer tusk]

Then why you name yourself palaeontologist!!!!

BAN FOR DISINFORMATION

[frigid delta]

ahh classic comedy paleochat

[white matrix]

I did not really have anything else. I remember someone asked me ,"palaeontologist, are you a paleontologist"? And then I froze.

[tough parcel]

Vividsky is actually a fraud, I can confirm because they were wrong once

[scenic flame]

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/538828511717097472/1274827025831690402/lv_0_20231120094727.gif

[outer tusk]

Guys, I finally got around to carcharodontosaudis and I was wondering did I do the ridges correctly?

[frigid delta]

ah yes
carcharodontosaudis

[white matrix]

I would say increase the level of robustness, but that looks great. Try of this more: (unless you are aiming for iguidensis I guess?)

[outer tusk]

That skeletal is not usable

[white matrix]

I mean, that bulk is probably a little closer to what you would want...right?

[scenic flame]

this is the best carchar skeletal rn

[outer tusk]

Dawg...

[scenic flame]

though tmk you can use that one too, only different is meraxes vs giga tail proportions afaik

[outer tusk]

I mean I did use ichthyovenator for siamosaurus so yeah overall am just doing this little project with all the theropod of my roster

[white matrix]

I do still think @outer tusk 's model should have slightly more bulk, even if the skeletal reconstruction does not show so, as if that was, I think humans would look terrifying and I could say the same for other dinosaurs like flamingos and hummingbirds.

[outer tusk]

What?

[white matrix]

Did I say something wrong...?

[tidal apex]

💀💀

[outer tusk]

I don't see the need to give it more soft tissue besides us not having just a skull fro carcharodonto

[white matrix]

I mean...you could have a bit more lip...right?

[outer tusk]

What the hell you mean "bit more lip" 😭

[tidal apex]

Yall are to funny. 😂✋🏻✋🏻

[white matrix]

I think the lips could cover a bit more lip, am I wrong?

[tough parcel]

Staring intently at your leg muscles rn

Also the amount of lip is fine, all it needs to do is cover the teeth and seal the mouth

[outer tusk]

You mean the lip detail? If so maybe I could but it's really not necessary to me

[white matrix]

Alright then.

[outer tusk]

What should I change about, I forget sometimes

[tough parcel]

The muscles don't extend beyond the hip bone itself, check out Dempsey's shtuff

[outer tusk]

Oh so this time it should be how you say less or smaller? Wait tighter to the bone

[white matrix]

Are you going to colour it and do all of that?

[tough parcel]

It attaches to the bone, the hip itself is a muscle attachment

Idk how muscles would be freefloating

[white matrix]

Talking about muscles I think you should think about adding dulaps or at least slightly extending the throat, if I am wrong, please correct me, but that is what I would do.

[tough parcel]

Completely subjective

[white matrix]

An option...

[outer tusk]

Hey, it's my option whether or not I add it!

Also what about now

[white matrix]

Alright then.

[outer tusk]

I don't need to ask whether or not I should add external features on my lineart

[tough parcel]

Seems good now though your arms are still wrong, but I can't edit it rn because opening PS would brick my PC

[white matrix]

That, I do not want. I do not think feathers would be present on carcharodontosaurids particularly ones as big as C.saharicus.

[outer tusk]

Ok? i was gonna add feathers on this base line for it

[azure gazelle]

what kind of drugs was evolution on back before the jurassic

[halcyon cobalt]

was an emotional coping mechanism for the end permian trauma

[timber kiln]

Was there ever any like Carchadontosaurid Scale Textute ever found

[bright veldt]

Concavenator

[pliant cedar]

the same ones that the mammals took in the paleogene

[hallow spear]

Id say the drugs were 100% retained in the jurassic

[white matrix]

It doesn't seem to have any, given the partial skulls that we currently have which means we can't do bite force data - though given laten is now sten, and sten is considered the "true troodon" as of like. A month ago, iirc.... there'll probably be info popping up

[white matrix]

Ok, update, "Puncture-and-Pull Biomechanics in the Teeth of Predatory Coelurosaurian Dinosaurs" found that sten had a very low bite force compared to other raptors (eg. Pyroraptor), and did not eat bone or gristle that would require a chewing motion and likely was primarily insectivorous

[stiff osprey]

paleontologists are so afraid of calling troodontids omnivorous they will propose the 50kg animal with zero adaptations for myrmecophagy was primarily an insectivore

[white matrix]

This is specifically sten, other troodontids are suggested as omnivorous

[stiff osprey]

still, for insectivory to be viable at that body size, you'd need to be raiding giant nests of communal insects like anteaters or aardvarks, and stenon has no adaptations to do that

[white matrix]

I do know theres other studies that suggest it was primarily an oophage given egg remains found within or besides the body, which imo is a lot more viable

[wind prairie]

it was that big????????

[tough parcel]

Probably less, but I've forgotten the entire process on how that was achieved

[stiff osprey]

scaling stenon is a huge pain because there's no one complete-ish specimen, it's just random isolated bones for the most part and the rest of the time it's teeth

[white matrix]

^^ except for a very few times we get like leg bones or something but theyre always fragmentary

[stiff osprey]

it should be somewhere in the same size range as Deinonychus

[white matrix]

I think i've generally seen it put at around 3/4ft tall at hip

[zinc solstice]

Was Alcovasaurus wide like miragaia

[junior dawn]

all stegosaurs were wide

[wind prairie]

thyreophoran = wide

[pallid shell]

Actually the whole wide and round like body for stegosaurids was disproven. They weren't as wide as paleontologists thought.

[tough parcel]

If I may ask, how was an image made 2 years ago following a scientific proof that "disproved" a paper published Feb. 1st 2023, a whole year after the illustration was posted

[pliant cedar]

they are clearly adapted for eating fish, as we all know troodontids were the last surviving group of baryonichine spinosaurids

[tough parcel]

As well as the fact that Stegosaurus has been known to change drastically throughout growth, @stiff osprey and @hallow spear being firsthand witnesses

Your illustration is Sophie, a young animal (early subadult iirc?), compared to Roadkill/some other adult Stegosaurus, which we know is significantly boxier

[pliant cedar]

dinosaurs in general seem to have extreme ontogenic differentiation
like a lot of modern reptiles dont change nearly as much, other than birds 😏

[sullen cairn]

RandomDinos and Stego being firsthand witnesses

[hallow spear]

we first witnessed stegosaurus as we discovered the specimen

[tough parcel]

They were actually the cause of death through some Looney Tunes silly stunts

But point is that Sophie is not a good point of reference for an adult Stegosaurus, let alone stegosaur

And that there has been no study, to my knowledge at least, that the box is out of style

[junior dawn]

wrong!

[tough parcel]

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2022.2435

Btw here's the paper from Dempsey where the box form originates

[onyx sedge]

1 by 1 Lego piece

falcon gonna use hollow purple on me

[topaz shell]

Stegosaurus is so wide😂

I think that’s stego idk

[hallow spear]

Stego has many issues and its awful to reconstruct and its literature is inconsistent at best and barely useful (Sophie is great she's just.. Not an adult, either late juv or early sub) (More conflicting age estimates)
Stegosaurus is likely very cube/ellipsoid shaped but probably not as proportionally bulky as Sophie at a larger / adult size (From some tests and stuff ive found anyway)

[zinc solstice]

Did Trilobite larva like the one in the image below have legs?

[hallow spear]

no but Stegosaurus larva did (only chads will understand this)

because im not mean
https://x.com/GET_AWAY_TRIKE/status/1811583806018846935

らえらぷす (@GET_AWAY_TRIKE) on X

Twitter · Jul 12, 2024, 2:10 AM

[snow python]

How long was Barinasuchus?

[outer tusk]

guys, clearly one paloeart means this is disproven!!!!

[bright veldt]

6 meters

[fossil ingot]

That looks more based on Sophi who is an inmaturr specimen

[fossil ingot]

Average Stegosaurid moment

[kindred night]

I remind everyone just how wide Dacenturus' hips are. Stegosaurs are walking default Blender cubes

[woeful falcon]

ahh stegosaurs, cool group of animals

[sharp canyon]

Lord have mercy

[pliant cedar]

bro on the left looking incredibly sus

[lavish frigate]

Uncomfortably cursed skinny hadrosaur

[wind prairie]

no, this is based on sophie, an immature specimen. We now know full grown stegosaurus looked much more similar to how we previously thought

[stiff osprey]

Guys I don't think we need every member of the server to dispute what they said

[junior dawn]

wrong
whos next

[warped peak]

Sergi is based on an immature Crocodylus prorsus

[stiff osprey]

i can't believe we're lumping Triceratops into Crocodylus

[kindred night]

https://tenor.com/view/family-feud-survey-says-strike-buzzer-wrong-answer-gif-16312959

[hallow spear]

Im ngl their Dacent isnt very good

[fossil ingot]

Shhh
We love fat boi

Side view is from Dan's skeletal
The wide is based on other stuff

[zinc solstice]

Did Opabinias Ventral mouth work as a second mouth or did it use its trunk mouth to bring it's prey to its ventral mouth

Could it swallow things using its trunk mouth or only with its ventral mouth

Are these things that I just noticed under the "Flippers"/"fins" on Opabinia legs?

[velvet burrow]

So, was thinking. Is it correct to assume that abelisaurids filled similar niches in South America to dromaeosaurids and troodontids?
-# Deleted the original message because i was responding to someone else for some reason

[wind prairie]

probably not, there were noasaurs and actual dromaeosaurids there too

[velvet burrow]

Oh yeah forgot to say "noasaurids"

But yes, noasaurids and the smaller abelis would've filled some similar niches right? (Not counting unenlagiines which don't have a similar lifestyle to your average dromie)

[frigid delta]

#paleontology message

[wind prairie]

I mean I guess maybe

[hallow spear]

no
the classifications of Noasaurid dont directly mean carnivorous considering it includes the entire glade, Noasaurinae are likely more carnivorous then the primarily herbivorous counterparts of Elaphrosaurinae

[velvet burrow]

Oo

[opal nova]

Well. Let’s me thankful mirigia in PoT looks like decenturus

[sullen cairn]

beating tubicen with hammers

i say this when its still over 6000kg

[bright veldt]

Huh, new abstract released of a giant triassic theropod (unnamed atm). Probably around cryo-sized.

Might also just be more mature liliensternus

[sharp canyon]

Why the long face

[warped peak]

Giant Lilien real?

Lilien is a childhood favorite of mine lmao

[stiff osprey]

reminds me of a guy in carnivora forum that had Lophostropheus as his favorite dinosaur and insisted it would have grown to 11 meters because the holotype is a subadult

[bright veldt]

Yeah looking at current lilien I kinda doubt it. That'd be double the size lol.

[steady rock]

do we have any speed estimates for amargasaursu?

[storm heron]

I mean it could be mature Liliensternus despite the large size, individual variation of size in Dinosaurs is drastic (and almost cartoonish).

[iron halo]

this says 14.4 km/h which is roughly 9 mph, though idk enough to know if this is correct

[storm heron]

Depends if the Amarga is chasing a rival or running away from a predator

[frigid delta]

Vulcanodon's name sounds rad
sounds like a pokemon name

[steady rock]

how are humans almost the same speed as a amargasaurus

[frigid delta]

we can run at 9 miles???

[steady rock]

i thought only 10 miles perhour

[wind prairie]

I think the average human running speed is around 15 mph but idk

[steady rock]

the fastest was 25 mph right?

[storm heron]

You all are speaking a different language to me.

[steady rock]

american or not american because dosent america have different speed conversion?

[fossil ingot]

Atla with its peak 33.5 km/h

[bright veldt]

The average person can run 10+ mph if they need to.

[frigid delta]

and then there's Usain Bolt

[cloud badger]

Classic bolt

[heady thunder]

How tf is amarga slower then apato

[pliant cedar]

i feel like abelisaurids were more robust, and even tho they were similar sizes could probably handle more bulky prey

[magic monolith]

Apato has longer strides

[sullen cairn]

hopefully i can retire from harassing these things now

[tough parcel]

Um Table, did you consider the effects of seasonally-high testosterone on sizes…?

[sullen cairn]

i forgot musth weight

[keen mauve]

just a quick question. what dinosaurs lived in early cretaceous in morocco?

[deft pecan]

apparently the carchar did

[keen mauve]

i know only the carchar spino and ourano

[outer tusk]

Ourano is from Niger

[glass monolith]

Kryptops around that area I believe

Somewhere in Africa

[hybrid spindle]

My friend said spino could get up to 30 tons and would kill Rex if they fought is this true

[glass monolith]

Your friend is not very smart. Spino was tiny compared to what it is ingame. It never got past 7,400 KGs

For reference, Rex is estimated to have gotten to 15,000 KGs. And the largest specimen of Rex ever found was nearly 9,000 Kilos. That was a young adult.

[hybrid spindle]

He said that’s what new articles said and I said nah that’s 3 times bigger than rex there’s no evidence of that

[glass monolith]

You’re smart. I’d like to see those articles if possible. I’d be interested.

Also, side note, that fight would never happen. They lived very far apart.

[tough parcel]

The largest specimens, Scotty and Sue, are both estimated to be the oldest adults we have

Where did you get that they are young adults

[glass monolith]

Scotty wasn’t. I said he was a young adult. Sue, idk.

[hybrid spindle]

Exactly I tried to tell him that but, I could tell if i insist any further it would be an argument

[tough parcel]

TMK, Scotty’s late twenties, just as Sue is

[hybrid spindle]

Can somone give me an updated reliable article on how spino vs rex could go other wise he won’t belive me he said these are just random people

[glass monolith]

I’d debate with him in a vc

[hybrid spindle]

He doesn’t use discord

[tough parcel]

https://www.thecodontia.com/blog/the-largest-theropod-dinosaur-known-to-science

[glass monolith]

Find a recent study on both Spino and Rex. Compare them

[hybrid spindle]

He also said spino would tear up a carch snd drag it into the water

[glass monolith]

Doubtful, but possible. Carch and Spino were closer in size

[hybrid spindle]

Then he said the in game eo size is accurate and rex could never beat it and I told him I’m pretty sure das hunted eo in its time

[glass monolith]

Eo is upsized 25%

[hybrid spindle]

I tried to tell him but he won’t be swayed I told him there’s a reason the rex is called the tyrant lizard king because nothing beat it 1v1 excluding sauropods and ankys

[glass monolith]

Well, let him think what he wants. If he won’t be swayed then womp womp

[hybrid spindle]

It’s it’s mad annoying no lie when I say something in eo and he says nah nothing beats it irl

[tough parcel]

Eotrike's based around the erroneous assumption that Eotrike had the same proportions as Trike while it actually had a larger head proportionally

It was overall smaller, but just had a bobblehead

[hybrid spindle]

Is there any up to date article on that so I can send it to him other wise he won’t belive me

[hybrid spindle]

Oh and lastly he said allo would beat a rex In a 1v1 because it would just claw the rex and bleed it to death

[glass monolith]

Haha funny

[tough parcel]

@bright veldt might as he was involved with the Eotrike process a bit more

[hybrid spindle]

What I said. if it even get close to claw the rex, it will grab it

[glass monolith]

Possibly. Again, it’s a fight that wouldn’t happen

[fossil ingot]

Scotty and Sue are the oldest and biggest Rexes we have and Scotty is 10450kgs
Sue is 10000kgs
Biggest Spino we have atm is more 8390kgs which is around average Rex size
Is not bad

[storm heron]

Woah, what is the very dark blue Tyrannosaurid, D. horneri?

[fossil ingot]

Carcha is slightly heavier than the biggest Spino and slightly taller
So yeah I doubt it

[fossil ingot]

Yeah, Eo is still big tho

[sullen cairn]

indet ~1m tibia

[fossil ingot]

Slightly smaller than Pete III right?
I think

[sullen cairn]

carr 2020 considers scotty the youngest adult but that's distinct from the young adult size class which is b-rex and black beauty and stuff

[fossil ingot]

How Old was Sue again?

[outer tusk]

40 years old!!!

[sullen cairn]

throwing it into currie's tyrannosaur regressions nets a somewhat larger size
iirc sue's like 28

[fossil ingot]

Damn sue is old

[storm heron]

Ah, was curious.

[fossil ingot]

I still find it funny how Sue and Carcha's Neotype are the same length(if carcha uses meraxes tail) and basically same height but Sue is 1.8-1.6 tons heavier.
Bulky Rex moment

[sullen cairn]

it'd obviously be smaller if scaled as an albertosaurine but we don't have those nearly that far south and there's an abstract suggesting the tyrannosaur material in the area is tyrannosaurine

[fossil ingot]

I see

[pliant cedar]

spino was very unmanouverable on land, its femur was shorter than suchos im pretty sure, any theropod that weighed over 5-6 tons had a decent shot at killing a psino

[fossil ingot]

I really doubt it.
Spino was still damn large and can play defensively, it been bad at offense wouldn't make it defenseless.
Ofc you can't grab Spino and give it a Carcha its same size or Giga for it to 1v1 cause it will lose most likely(tho tbf both predators would evade eachother)
But is still an 8.39 ton predator with decently strong jaws and possible claws to defend itself
Let alone its size
Sure it may not had been the fastest or more agile but thats why it plays defensively

[warped peak]

I'm pretty sure it's lighter than that now

[outer tusk]

Spinosaurus proper is 3-4.2 tonnes

[pliant cedar]

8 tons was a high estimate for spino
and by have a shot, i mean that those theropods could go 50/50, being more manouverable and being more oriented to theropod on theropod combat means tat they could cause the spino to bleed out before it is able to land a lethal hit

[daring grotto]

i feel it it would have to rely largely on the claws. i’ve done some reading o. this in the past, and a study found that it’s jaws were built for quick fast snapping, ala fishers, rather than crushing. the high bite force was at the back of the jaw, not the front, which wouldn’t be entirely practical in a fight against something big. and the teeth being cone shaped and not hooked allow puncturing, but not tearing, and ultimately wouldn’t cause too much damage mid-fight vs carcha. from what i’ve read it also was not resistant to lateral bending. it wasn’t an obligate piscivore but i don’t think it’d fair very well in a fight against a carchs

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9285543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3665537/

they’re fairly recent and haven’t seen any counter arguments but feel free to correct me, as most of my knowledge is in deinonychosaurs lol

[fossil ingot]

Ahh yeah the Holotype

[outer tusk]

The real spinosaurus!

[fossil ingot]

Should still be around 8 tons which is enough to fight Carnis smaller than it

[fossil ingot]

Bro is long but Carno weight

[zinc solstice]

Were Rhynchosaurs Ectothermic

[sharp canyon]

I found this meme on Reddit and saw someone try saying Omega had creatures that could beat it while Rex didn't which is... Wow

[hybrid spindle]

This isn’t paleontology but my friend is trying to convince me a polar bear loses to a moose bro 🤦‍♂️

Somone please tell me I’m not tripping for saying the moose stands no chance

[sharp canyon]

Ok, I'll just say that polar bears aren't slouches......

[hybrid spindle]

I agree I think the polar bear beats the moose 10/10 times

[warped peak]

Omega?

[sharp canyon]

But have you SEEN a bull moose? If anything is gonna give a polar bear a tough fight it's gonna be walrus or moose

[sharp canyon]

Oh I'm sorry, Otodus megalodon 🤓

[warped peak]

You're the only one calling that Omega

[hybrid spindle]

Yeah but bro look at this

[sharp canyon]

I'm fully aware of how big a polar bear is, but trust me, the moose ain't going down without a fight

[polar scroll]

indeed

[sharp canyon]

I don't care

[hybrid spindle]

I could beat that moose

[sharp canyon]

You're joking right? Please for the love of God tell me you're joking

[daring grotto]

even a buck whitetail can mess something up. moose are scary

[hybrid spindle]

Chill I am

[sharp canyon]

Thank God, you never know with people nowadays

[daring grotto]

i’d honestly say it’s a fairly even fight and would entirely depend on who got the jump and managed to land the first hard blow

[hybrid spindle]

Real, aren’t elk even more so?

But nah the bear definitely beats the moose

[hybrid spindle]

The polar bear is eating that blow like it’s nothing and then it’s going to knock the moose off its feet with how big its paws are @daring grotto

[sharp canyon]

I agree the polar has the upper hand but I know enough about moose to know the chance for it to severely injured the bear is higher than you think

[arctic turtle]

Was Carnos horns used as shock absorbers?

[daring grotto]

erm i’ve seen moose hit by cars and not fall over and/or walk away

[hybrid spindle]

I don’t think they even rammed things they were probably for head butting

[woeful falcon]

That would fall under ramming things lol

[arctic turtle]

Yeah that’s what I’m saying

[woeful falcon]

I've never heard of them being used as a genuine weapon of sorts. I've always figured their function was for something intraspecific

[arctic turtle]

I mean they would have to have some purpose

[sharp canyon]

Or at the very least eye protection

[daring grotto]

i’ve read they were too brittle for actual hard impact

[woeful falcon]

Looking good or intimidating to other Carnotaurus perhaps

[arctic turtle]

I thought that was outdated

[daring grotto]

occam’s razor, most in nature things were there simply to attract a female/aid in reproduction in some way lol

afaik the horns and skull were built for pushing and shoving, rather than ramming into things

[arctic turtle]

Well yeah I just feel they have more purpose than just attracting

[sharp canyon]

Look man, sometimes it's as simple as "This looks hot to the opposite gender of my species"

[daring grotto]

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1671/039.029.0313

[sharp canyon]

Like, look at this freak of nature, stalk eyed flies don't have eye stalks cause they're useful for combat or something, the females just find it hot

[arctic turtle]

Did carno even live with any other large predator

[daring grotto]

even human male facial hair can be lumped into this argument

attractive in nature doesn’t necessarily apply to strictly visuals and looking pretty, sometimes they are indicators of health and strength, which is generally something you want your offspring to be

[sharp canyon]

And then there's peacocks....

[arctic turtle]

No yeah I get all of that I’m just sayin I feel like they had more of a purpose concentering there build looking like a high speed predator and what not

[sharp canyon]

Carno's main weapon was its jaws, it wrestled prey to the ground rather than goring them with its horns

[daring grotto]

their skulls could not withstand high velocity impacts from the top. their jaws could resist it, but they’d crack their brains open bashing into something

iirc, the flattened horn tops and fused bones on the top of the skull alongside the inability to resist bashing, indicated something more along the lines of pushing and shoving or slow headbutts

i think majunga has evidence supporting the same theory?

[sharp canyon]

And unfortunately Carno could use fire arms

[storm heron]

Iirc, Carnotaurus's cranial adaptations suggest it was doing something physical with those horns. Like headbutting directly or side, or even wrestling with their heads.

I dont think they are going to be running Musk Oxen style onto each other tho (I dont think even many Ceratopsians could do that).

[daring grotto]

ye. but they weren’t charging full speed into things (nice timing lol)

[scenic flame]

I think the most reasonable guess is shoving contests and point blank headbutts with no run up

[storm heron]

Depending on how long their horns were in life, they could also be doing some wrestling (Similar to many horned animals today, those neck muscles aren't just for show).

[sharp canyon]

Yeah that's... What they were saying

[bright veldt]

Literally the only piece of actual published info on Eotrike was its description 20+ years ago. But you can see the issue by looking at the methods used. The giant eotrike was obtained by scaling the head. However, if you do the more reliable method of scaling by the vertebrae instead, you get a smaller animal, just with a larger head proportionately. GetAwayTrike’s Eotrike skeletal is the best there is right now

[daring grotto]

less crunchy lol

[tough parcel]

Fearsome

[light osprey]

Carnotaurus is the large predator

[arctic turtle]

That’s what I thought

How do we know eotrike isn’t just a large triceratops specemen

[hallow spear]

Fearsome

[bright veldt]

Different skull characteristics largely. Wouldn't surprise me if it was trike's ancestor.

[tough parcel]

This and the fact that proportions wouldn’t change this drastically between subadult to adult forms

[daring grotto]

different depositional layers too iirc?

[snow python]

How big was Onchopristis?

[jagged trellis]

4 meters tmk, cant remember weight

[snow python]

Including the rostrum?

[stiff osprey]

Average individual was around 3m, there are reports of a 6.5 m one but they are unsubstantiated

[jagged trellis]

Ja

[warped peak]

This is true with humans too

[zinc solstice]

Could some notosuchians like Yacarerani run on two legs for a short period of time

[sullen cairn]

oh thats the joke
why'd i just realize that

[wind prairie]

so the correct legs for poposaurus are digitigrade, did this apply to other bipedal pseudosuchians? (e.g. postosuchus)

[cloud dagger]

What is the reason for it being digitigrade?

[wind prairie]

the osteology recovers it as such

[kindred night]

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259721952_Pedal_Proportions_of_Poposaurus_gracilis_Convergence_and_Divergence_in_the_Feet_of_Archosaurs

[cloud dagger]

Hmm, i always thought all pseudosuchians are plantigrade lol

[velvet burrow]

For purely aesthetical reasons i'm kinda glad

[cloud badger]

I'm still wondering why people think that the Zurich is extinct

[regal cloak]

What was eotrike living with to make it so dummy big 💀

[velvet burrow]

Huh, Mahuidacursor was a big boi

[bright veldt]

Eotrike was double the size of the apex predator so meh.

[velvet burrow]

Forget musth edmonto, give me mahuida in rut throwing hands with Viavenator and Llukalkan

[warped peak]

Did Helicoprion and Co have teeth in the upper part of their mouth?

[wind prairie]

not the biggest ceratopsid if that's what you're thinking, in fact, smaller than trike

[bright veldt]

Eotrike is still one of the largest ceratopsids tho so he wasn't really suggesting that.

[woeful falcon]

Well, it is a triceratopsin and Triceratopsins are the largest of the family. So its size isn't exactly a novelty among its relatives.

As for why it (and its tribe) were that big, idk. Ecological pressures, the giant tyrannosaurins making home out of North America.

Had to have been more at play tho right? because if you take tyrannosaurins and triceratopsins out of the equation, you still have apex predators that are gargantuan next to their ceratopsid contemporaries

[wind prairie]

I mean I was just saying just in case

[stable olive]

How big was leedsichthys?

[bright veldt]

12 meters, 17 tons

[turbid forum]

Anyone know what this is supposed to be and which documentary its from? (Its extinct)

[stiff osprey]

I don't know what they are saying it is. But that is a regular white rhino

[wind prairie]

that is a regular white rhino, specifically footage shown in WWB. So it was probably a stand in for some extinct species

[bright veldt]

Ceratotherium (White Rhino's genus) has been around since the Miocene so

[sullen cairn]

i think i finally got stebingeri to almost make sense

[turbid forum]

Ceratotherium mauritanicum (if I remember correctly) and yes @wind prairie it is from WWB

[wraith kindle]

Arms made of fire? (ok, I'm just being silly here XD )

[deft pecan]

So wait it was smaller then trike but had a bigger head?

[bright veldt]

Basically yeah

[deft pecan]

That's the ONLY difference?

[bright veldt]

What do you mean by that?

[deft pecan]

no reason

[sullen cairn]

borealopaulia...

[deft pecan]

is that a lambio and a para?

[sullen cairn]

hypacrosaurus and para

[white matrix]

That looks wonderful.

[pliant cedar]

does raptor rex exist

[bright veldt]

Good question

[deft pecan]

apparently

the fossil remains consist of a single juvenile specimen. Soooooo.... I'd say it's not much evidence to go with.

according to google

[storm heron]

You know, I have to ask, in life, wouldn't Hadrosaur's have their hindlimbs in a more columnar pose than depicted in this image (it is almost in squat pose)?

[sullen cairn]

prolly but its kind of a pain to get the legs and arms to both articulate to the same length at the ground

[pliant cedar]

it would be cool ot have more tyrannosaurs in the nemegt, fingers crossed

[storm heron]

It will likely mean posing the body to lean more forward depending on the Hadrosaurid. For recons of other long armed hadrosaurids (Edmontosaurus, Olorotitan), the hindlimbs are more straight compared to short-armed ones (As seen in the Hypacrosaurus and Parasaurolophus above).

Though, physically, I wonder how comfortable would it have been for the short-armed Hadrosaurs to walk quadrupedally (Hypothetically, either squating their legs or leaning forward human style).

Human style is an exaggeration, but you get the idea.

[sullen cairn]

the near crested lizard...

[outer tusk]

where's above crested lizard and below crested lizard?

[scenic flame]

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S019566712400168X

Qianjiangsaurus changshengi

tch-ian-j-ang-saurus

[storm heron]

Why is this thing's head very proportionally big, so it can hunt other Hadrosaurs?

[warped peak]

Do we have any mass estimates for Big Boi Parahelicoprion?

[rancid glade]

Okay I have a question for you guys , I remember seeing Archaic Eons had a Equus Giganteus mod planned and it got me wondering

As they were the biggest horses to of ever lived by a substantial margin do you think they could survive the late Cretaceous?

Horses have a fast breeding rate I believe? I the only problem might be food as grass hadn't evolved back then unless they could adapt to eating ferns? 🤔

What do you think?

[cloud dagger]

Gestation in horses is 11 months, idk is that considered a fast breeding rate

[cloud badger]

No they're kinda useful tho for vision

[sharp canyon]

Only marginally, pretty sure the females don't even have the stalks

[cloud badger]

They do
It's not really that much of an improvement just peripheral vision
But a better example would be lionesses
I know it sounds weird but being strong is 'it the only criteria they have sometimes lionesses chose for friendliness and beauty even tho they usually prefer having males that are stronger and better fighter but some times they won't allow those fights just because

Or even a better one yet styracosaurs

[outer tusk]

No

[warped peak]

damn

[tough parcel]

Dinosaurs have a significantly higher breeding rate than mammals in general

Sauropods have hundreds, if not thousands, of children hatching at one time compared to horses with a singular foal per mare

[woeful falcon]

That looks like someone slapped a helicoprion head onto a megalodom

[warped peak]

Parahelicoprion is just a monster

[rancid glade]

Oh my bad I thought they were faster than that, now my question feels rather silly lol

[rancid glade]

Hmm okay well thank you for answering my question so quickly I did not realise that the reproduction rate was that slow admittedly

[idle talon]

I keep hearing people say that humans wouldn’t be able to breathe during the Carboniferous. Is that true?

[patent mist]

The higher oxygen levels during part of it would do very nasty things to you if you breathed it

[calm agate]

Having too much Oxygen is genuinely as, if not more, dangerous than not enough. The amount of things that can and do go wrong when there's too much can include having the actual lenses of your eyes just, fall out.

[idle talon]

Damn

[crude latch]

wtf

[daring grotto]

yeah pure oxygen will straight up kill you

[pliant cedar]

screw vapes, all my homies inhale pure oxygen

[regal cloak]

Hehe fatalis

[pliant cedar]

hehehe

[turbid forum]

No, the volcanic gases would easily kill them. Also I consider E. Giganteus more like a zebra than a horse

[bright veldt]

The entirety of the late cretaceous wasn't volcanic lol

[sullen cairn]

have you not seen walking with dinosaur

[woeful falcon]

Um in when dinosaur rome there was not volcanos and it was newer so more accurate

[light osprey]

How else would the sluggish and cold-blooded reptilian have dominated the earth

[turbid forum]

Yes but they would still face off predators that were extremely big. Also the oxygen levels were higer so they would have a hard time breathing

[sullen cairn]

actually horses are tall and can reach more oxygen so they would avoid this issue

[bright veldt]

Oxygen levels have always not really been a major factor unless it was the Palaeozoic

[stiff osprey]

Most likely horses would die off because there was very little grass in the cretaceous and the grass that did exist didn't look like modern grass

[bright veldt]

Yeah that's the big thing

[light osprey]

Equus isn’t particularly picky about grazing on grasses. Gramminoids and herbaceous plants probably could’ve sustained it

[velvet burrow]

Would predation and overall ecological niche also play a part?
Big horse would probably be megafauna on it's environment but in the cretaceous it's the equivalent of a medium sized ornithopod. Even for an average mammal, reproductive rate would be crazy low compared to the predatory pressures they'd be facing. Young mortality would also be low as they can't rely on their size to protect the young ones

And if true, i think this applies to every >100kg modern day ammal

[fluid inlet]

I wonder if natural disasters were “worse” in the dinosaurs reign compared to what we got now.

[white matrix]

so do we have any idea of what barsboldia's head looked like?

[woeful falcon]

I would say...it looked like a Saurolophine. Hadrosaur heads can vary pretty crazily, even Saurolophines. But we don't have the head, so we can only really infer what it looked like.

[tiny holly]

Wildfires may have been more common + more destructive due to oxygen levels, but that's really about it. There's no real reason to think that, at any random moment in time, things like earthquakes, tsunamis or volcanic activity were worse. There were some periods of very high volcanic activity here and there during the mesozoic but these weren't some sustained thing throughout the entirety of it, just like how we don't live in a volcanically intense period just because Pompeii happened centuries ago. It really depends on what moment during the mesozoic you pick

Like... the mesozoic spanned ~180 million years, its only natural there was going to be some rough patches during that

[sullen cairn]

you can make some really disgusting altispinus with skull scaling

[sullen cairn]

shockingly somewhat agrees with sharpe's skeletal as well

[pliant cedar]

the average temperature was high during the mesozoic, that alone can increase the risk of fires

[halcyon cobalt]

high temperature ≠ dry. I’m pretty sure that being dry is a big part of what makes the Pleistocene/holocene different to Mesozoic periods

[pliant cedar]

yeah it was most like the eocene

[fluid inlet]

Thanks for the response, good to know. Sometimes random thoughts just pop up in my head.

[light osprey]

The Eocene encompasses lots of global climactic change funnily enough, about within the range of Mesozoic hothouse-coldhouse periods, so in that sense they are similar

[patent mist]

The best analogue for reconstructing it atm is brachylophosaurus since its the closest basal species with a skull, but bars' skull could be anywhere between that and shant/ edmont

[timber kiln]

Minus The Designs(what did they do to Duck)
The Sizes are Pretty Accurate?
https://youtu.be/wMBoO83Qt1Y?si=cfy5H0_hNKSzlxvn

[velvet burrow]

So uh, Kentrosaurus is currently though to have had it's spikes on the hips right?

[stray wren]

no

[hallow spear]

pls let me fix the articulation above the scap give me the base file

[hallow spear]

Probably something similar to Saurolophus according to someone who i dont remembers post about it being reconstructed to basally

[sullen cairn]

its already all merged unless you want to work with this

something something cunningham

[hallow spear]

why it have flaccid tail ur mean table

[outer tusk]

No

[sullen cairn]

the swoomphiness it affords makes the back look more aesthetic

[hallow spear]

cope ur copeing

[sullen cairn]

you just can't appreciate true beauty

whimsyless

[timber kiln]

Alr

[bright veldt]

Kelenken too big, Alberto and Utah are on the larger side, Yuty’s too big, rest are alright

[silver canopy]

What are y'all's thoughts on Kyoryu's dinosaur designs?

[magic monolith]

If we could see them without the helmets and what they have id say they are pretty decent

[bright veldt]

Peak

[silver canopy]

I like the extra features they have because it's clear they referenced actual reconstructions, heck the Yakuza Dimetrodon have the tips of their sail spikes exposed

[jagged trellis]

accurate dinosaurs while being stylized is indeed peak, samurai rexes and mob boss dimes

[bright veldt]

It’s a type of design philosophy with dinosaurs where they essentially took the actual animal in question, kept everything that was there, and added onto it. They didn’t pull a JW and actively remove portions of its identity to make something cool.

[silver canopy]

And even with the armour and horns, nothing feels over the top, the male rex doesn't have so much armour it would hamper his movement

[outer tusk]

Hello fellas, I was wondering by using a quad spino silhouette would the arm muscles differ from that from one not using a quad spino

[silver canopy]

They also all have fairly reasonable colors, even the koi-esc patterns of the dimetrodon aren't excessively colorfully

[timber kiln]

how big is Yuty?

[bright veldt]

The adult is 8 meters

[silver canopy]

If you really want to do that, I would probably make the arms pretty muscular to help support it's weight if it's walking on all fours

[outer tusk]

Yutyrannus is 9 meters long and 1.2-1.4 tinnes

[timber kiln]

tinnes

[hallow spear]

quad spino isnt possible & yes the muscles would differ

[outer tusk]

I know but quad spino is peak life

[gleaming elk]

Pretty sure quad spino was debunked a long time ago

[outer tusk]

That doesn't mean it isn't peak 😭

[fossil ingot]

Ew

[gleaming elk]

Yuck

I would sooner take the pronated wrists and standing vertical with t rex snout spino over knuckle walking spino. Which btw given its weight would not make sense and the arms would have to be much longer to anatomically make quad spino remotely feasible

Oh right and the hips would have to be different lets not forget that.

[fossil ingot]

The only quad spino I like id ark spino lol

[gleaming elk]

The only quad spino I like isn’t even a spino or a dino😭 its dimetrodon

[warped peak]

Arizonasaurus: bipedal or quadrupedal

[bright veldt]

Issue: we don't have the arms

The only recent skeletal of it has it as bipedal though

[fossil ingot]

Spino jr be like

[white matrix]

is arizonasaurus a dinosaur?

[tranquil quartz]

No

Its a Ctenosauriscid

[white matrix]

I'm silly, should've knew that from the pelvic bones

[silver canopy]

I just found out rudist reefs exist and WHY DID THEY GO EXTINCT

(art from the Smithsonian)

[steady shadow]

https://x.com/serpenillus/status/1817213483261251812?s=46

Gabriel N. U. (@SerpenIllus) on X

The HUGE megaraptorid dinosaur Maip macrothorax

Twitter · Jul 27, 2024, 3:00 PM

[plucky basin]

im just gonna put this here

[main saffron]

Literally some of the coolest stuff to ever exist ever. I’ve done some undergraduate research on them

[silver canopy]

I'ma find whatever caused them to go extinct and FIGHT IT.

I don't care if it was climate change or something it's gonna catch these hands

[main saffron]

LMAO well then you gotta throw hands with the Deccan Traps and an asteroid my guy.

Also (need incoming) primary reef builders have changed ALOT in the last 500 mill years. Tabulate/Rudist corals ruled the Paleozoic, Rudist bivalves dominated the Mesozoic and Scleractinian Corals dominate today. Though this is a massive oversimplification of it lol

[sharp canyon]

I still have no clue how Titanosarcolites functions

[silver canopy]

Very well.

[light osprey]

By the uppermost Cretaceous Scleractinia dominate Coral environments

[pastel tartan]

What is the maximum weight for argentinosaurus?

[bright veldt]

It's currently thought that argent was around 85 tons. Can't really give a max cause there's only like, 2 specimens or something.

[stiff osprey]

if you take the highest circumference measurement for the one inconsistent femur then it would be 90 tonnes

[steady shadow]

Fellow carnotaurus lover? spotted in the wild?

[woeful falcon]

Carnotaurus is a cool dinosaur

[tacit pine]

hes basically the red version of pesky

[crude latch]

[deft pecan]

Is the carno fan base extremely small or something?

[steady shadow]

No we’re just connected by our love for chonky zoomy bois and girls😼

[steady shadow]

I hope that doesn’t imply anything💀
Omg bro what are you typing

[bright veldt]

He's "t-r- an pho boic" I'd rather not be compared to him.

[steady shadow]

Ily

The carnotaurus fandom does not claim him

[woeful falcon]

A very cool animal

[deft pecan]

So who does? The Pycnonemosaurus fandom

[honest cobalt]

I claim them all!

What’s the smallest abelisaurid anyway?

[velvet burrow]

I think it's Genusaurus

[honest cobalt]

How small?

[velvet burrow]

3.6m

[honest cobalt]

Oh wow so pretty small compared to the more notable abelisaurids

[velvet burrow]

And i think... 50kg? Probably a bit more, not sure there

Also abelisaurids were pretty comfortable in medium size ranges, like in many places you'll probably find 2 or 3 mid sized abelis living together

[honest cobalt]

I love how they look. And pycno is currently the largest, correct?

[velvet burrow]

Largest described one, yes emphasis in described

[woeful falcon]

Largest described yes, but there are others not yet described known to be larger, like the kenyan giant (possibly the largest)

[honest cobalt]

Ah ok, thank you for the answers! I’m gonna do some research into them more, they are awesome!

[sullen cairn]

Spectrovenator

[warped peak]

There's no way to actually prove in favor or against bioelectricity in basically any lineage of animal correct?

[tough parcel]

Other than the fact it really only happens in fish due to water being a great conductor and a rarity in fish despite this, I would say the logical thing is no

[storm heron]

A very long-necked sauropod getting strucked by lightning

[tranquil quartz]

Spectrovenator my beloved

[radiant sundial]

Yes the venator is my favourite star wars ship too

[deft pecan]

that's wild

Is it true that people are arguing weather the dracorex is a juvenile Pachycephalosaurus?

Also look what I found

[bright veldt]

Is probably true

https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/542776901442338816/1243203326200385536/abelisauridae.png?ex=66d12912&is=66cfd792&hm=e44560f80e720020ce38d2be4d4887829be662aef0427662607b3021ced55bf1&

[tranquil quartz]

Abelisaurids are so peak

What are everyone’s thoughts on the Beast of Lesotho

[analog cliff]

Are birds dinosaurs?

[bright veldt]

Yes

[tranquil quartz]

And the smallest theropod ever is the Bee hummingbird

[keen mauve]

t-rex was bropaly not a slow thinker

[radiant sundial]

Did the dinosaurs die of hungry

[tranquil quartz]

Those non avian dinosaurs that survived the initial and following horror of the impact, probably

[cloud dagger]

Baby carnivores usually have low survival and only a handful will survive to adulthood. Hunger, diseases/getting injured and other predators were probably the main reasons to die

[deft pecan]

the ones who survived did.

[tacit pine]

Oh

[tacit pine]

Nvm

[outer tusk]

never cook again

[keen mauve]

i got a fun lil questien for ya. what do you think will happen if deinonychus will be thrown in to the moddern day savannah without humans, disease and oxigen defference. so bacicly the deinonychus was pretty fast, had a fast reprodycing rate and where able to bring down animals a lot bigger that themselfs on there own. so, what do you think will happen?

[radiant sundial]

Do yall think the dinosaurs tasted like chicken

[tough parcel]

(X) tasting like chicken has been said so much that it's lost all meaning and I'm beginning to wonder if people have eaten chicken before

[radiant sundial]

Then how would they have tasted

[tough parcel]

Probably not good if you're talking about the larger ones considering animals like elephants taste horrible/are incredibly tough to eat, needing days to prepare

As well as poultry (livestock in general) being bred to be tastier

[radiant sundial]

Ok ill keep that in mind when considering BBQ options

[fluid inlet]

You don’t think there would be a difference between big reptiles and big mammals , tasting different? Or not , I got no idea.

[tough parcel]

It's mainly the niche that does this

Being larger and mobile means tougher muscle fibers

[radiant sundial]

True, but some larger animals, like modern-day birds, still have tender meat, suggesting that certain dinosaurs, especially smaller, less active species, might have had a similar texture

[tough parcel]

"Modern-day birds" pale in comparison to something like Alioramus or Gallimimus, so the smaller ones (herbivorous ones specifically, carnivores like hawks tend to taste horrible) might be salvagable

[radiant sundial]

Fair point, but even modern carnivorous birds like chickens are descended from theropods, suggesting that some smaller, less aggressive dinosaurs might have had similarly palatable meat

[fluid inlet]

Now im interested to know if people eat blue whale and if they do how good is it

[radiant sundial]

Ngl though if i see a dinosaur im eating it

the micro would be crazy

[tough parcel]

As I've said, chickens were bred to be tastier from their original junglefowl ancestors as well as the fact they are NOT strict carnivores, but omnivores/herbivores that indulge in a small mouse snack when they feel like it (Look at chicken feed)

[stray wren]

Chicken also has basically no taste when cooked without seasoning, it just tastes like water

[outer tusk]

I tasted chicken and it had a varied taste I especially like it with garlic

[stray wren]

Chicken as a food is very reliant on seasoning and how you prepare it, unlike other domesticated fowl like duck and turkey. It's why people say something tastes like chicken, cause chicken has no taste on its own

[fluid inlet]

Some say that blue whale meat tastes like a cross between beef, liver, and tuna, and others say it's similar to reindeer or moose. It can be served with little to no seasoning, or cured, marinated, or covered in a flavorful sauce. Some say it's delicious

[radiant sundial]

Mmm blue whale

going for the polar bear diet

[frigid delta]

https://youtu.be/oPteK_HIAhk?si=6rxEZypgKkFo-Ztu
how accurate is the rex?

[deft pecan]

@keen mauve The savannah is similar to the environments Deinonychus might have lived in during the Cretaceous period. So check. They have fast reproduction rate so that’s pretty good. And since they hunted in small groups, they would probably thrive.

They’d hunt large herbivores like antelope, zebras, or even larger animals like wildebeest and buffalo. Their sickle-shaped claws and sharp teeth would be effective as they could pierce the throat and make them bleed to death.

[halcyon cobalt]

i think that the stuff already in the savannah would just do better and like maul deinon to dearh

[keen mauve]

Well its theorized that juvenile deinonychus could climb trees really well. Im not sure but i think that is somewhere in here. But anyways if thats true a lot of the juvenile deinonychus would easyer get bigger.

But i think the biggest problems would pretty obvious be other predatores. Because they r small they would lose a lot of they hunted food to Lions, cheetahs and other big predators.

And maybe they would be like hyenas but faster and stronger.

[halcyon cobalt]

hyenas can also form packs of up to 130 individuals

[silver canopy]

I mean, you won't find all of them in the same place at one time and it's a bit more complicated than that

Plus it depends on the species.. of course we're only talking about deinonychus here

[silver canopy]

Wait do we actually have evidence that deinon hunted in small groups now?

[native kindle]

no, and probably never will

[silver canopy]

Didn't think so

[tough parcel]

Checkmate

[halcyon cobalt]

allosaurus, not deinonychus smh

[cloud badger]

Not really they were bread to be bigger and more productive
Go taste rock doves(pigeon)Kai or perdrix they all taste amazing even better than chicken but they have soon little meat

[wraith kindle]

That’s probably just the factory farm effect.

[cloud badger]

We have evidence that they grouped some sort of bond or pecking order I think but not necessarily pack hunting

[wraith kindle]

How would that show up in the fossil record?

[cloud badger]

Bites and many in one area but then again that's just something someone told me do not take it as a sourced factual info

[wraith kindle]

Fair then.

[tough parcel]

Hm thought it was size + taste, interesting interesting

But Pi also explained it well

[cloud badger]

Can you pin his explanation (I don't even know what the topic is I'm just butting in btw)
Also the chicken we commonly eat was either not bread for taste or breading for that trait was not the focus or the boosted growing makes it taste worse I will not claim to have eaten wild chicken but I have tasted some from villages Wich were way smaller interm of produced meat than commercial ones and they almost locked feral(there feather pattern was more adapted to the terrain) I noticed that the taste was slightly better but also that the meat was rougher and of course there was less of it Wich would make sense since usually cuts of meat that are tender tend to have less taste than the hard textured ones

[wraith kindle]

Factory farming effect I tell you.

[tough parcel]

Deinonychus isn't that small

Also right here @cloud badger

[wraith kindle]

Yeah, the scaling is just weird in this game.

Not sure why it also shows cheetahs on there.

[cloud badger]

In my opinion it would probably taste good or ok but will have a very thought textured meat especially in those tighs somewhat like ostrich

[cloud badger]

Also is the 45 to 68kg weight estimate true

[tough parcel]

Because the prior conversation was regarding Deinonychus' ability to survive in Africa today so I used the predator everyone bashes (wrongfully) as a baseline

@cloud badger I wouldn't know weights, those go over my head

[cloud badger]

I mean it can definitely find it's place 'ot as an apex tho definitely not but might compete with the cheetah (but what doesn't compete with the cheetah)for medium sized preys like the smaller antilopes that's imagining they hunt in packs as if that's not the case the fact that hyenas African wild dogs leopards lions and baboons and cheats would occasionally steal there prey that would put their population at a high risk

[grave flare]

Did Spinosaurus support its four toes or did the fourth toe not touch the ground like other theropods?

[tough parcel]

Fairly certain spinosaur trackways show the 4th toe touching the ground as in therizinosaurs, but it'd be forward-facing like the other toes, not projecting sideways like there

[grave flare]

ok tnx

Something like that?

[tough parcel]

I'd also make all the toes thicker as they are all load-bearing (especially in soft substrate like mud)

[grave flare]

I thought they were very thick . well, thicker then

[tough parcel]

I just found smth possibly useful
https://vxtwitter.com/TylerGreenfieId/status/1289301656815861760

[tranquil quartz]

Would Nanuqsaurus have had full coat of feathers?

[grave flare]

Well I think they are thick enough now, thanks for the recommendations.

[tough parcel]

Yuh seems good + don't forget the webbing!

[daring grotto]

i’ve been told that the fourth toe touched the ground but didn’t bear weight. like how random’s skeletal shows

[fossil ingot]

So much peak in 1 pic

[daring grotto]

yeah like that! touching the ground but not weight bearing

[bright veldt]

Probably not. Its environment wasn’t that cold and tyrannosaurids in general kinda said no.

[pliant cedar]

would it accept my head pats

[grave flare]

I really don't know how the Spinosaurus could walk with such thin feet. And in 3D they look even thinner.

[hoary laurel]

Can someone tell me what im looking at - photo from north star expedition to svalbard

[jagged trellis]

what wouldn't

[crude latch]

me

[lapis thunder]

Like iguanodon from 3 fingers that touch the ground but only 2 wear the weight(on the front limbs)

[pliant cedar]

it kinda looks like basalt, but those white flecks are throwing me off

[shell flame]

OK I'm checking various sources on internet about the weight/mass of both Peloroplites and Cedarpelta, two huge Nodosaurs. Can someone with real source/knowledge help me to get these data? Thx. (Google sources were confusing and contradicting in this topic)

[zinc solstice]

Could Obamadon run on two legs for atleast a short period of time like some lizards?

I mean Obamadon the lizard from the hell creek and the lance formation

[wind prairie]

idk ask it

[plush fossil]

I wonder what prehistoric animals in the deep sea looked like

[wind prairie]

probably like modern deep sea animals. Big eyes, pale colors, bioluminescent lights... the question is what kind of creatures wielded it

[white matrix]

I would make the toes thicker towards the bottom

[zinc solstice]

Could Capinatator burrow under the sand or hide Under the Sand ?

And could it Scavenge the Meat of dead Animals or Filter feed? I forgot

[plucky basin]

is the isle's kentro accurate?

[sudden wind]

Seems pretty good

[plucky basin]

what would be the least accurate part about it?

[calm agate]

Doesn't look wide enough but that's probably about it

[plucky basin]

ur right, they probably based it on dacentrurines to make it more unique

[white matrix]

yes, it's just a more fleshier version

[white matrix]

hard to tell at that angle tbh

[main saffron]

Looks like Vesicular Basalt, but I can’t be too sure

[sullen cairn]

lambeosaur miscellania 2

[crude latch]

IM SORRY OBAMADON??

[wind prairie]

is the genus vorombe invalid?

[bright veldt]

Seems they were just large Aepyornis https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-36405-3

[scenic flame]

That doesn't really make any sense as to how it'd be more unique, aswell as the fact dacenturines aren't thin

[outer tusk]

^ stegosaurids in generally aren't thin so it make even lesser sense 😭

But as a design am pretty sure the isle is fine

[wind prairie]

ahhh interesting
I guess the biggest bird song holds up then as well lol

[calm jolt]

Eternal Agony

[frigid bloom]

Was curious to try this for a while, but I wanted to compare real-life estimates of some of the 1-2 slots (plus achillo and spino) vs the size of the character models in relation to the CMI "human for scale".

Achillobator is quite the oversized sewer-rat. In-game Laten (Stenonycho) is actually closer to real Achillo. The rest of them don't seem too far off though.

In-game campto I always thought was too small, Pachy I thought was too big, but they’re both about right. Posture has a big affect on perceived size. (Aside from achillo)

[scenic flame]

a fair amount of those look outdated

[frigid delta]

also the spino's tail should be updated

[frigid bloom]

Wasn’t necessarily going for anatomical accuracy but you do have a point. I’ll have another pass at it with more updated reconstructions over the weekend

[scenic flame]

well anatomy would matter for such a comparison to be accurate

[frigid bloom]

Indeed ✨. I can take a few minutes to replace some with the reconstructions you shared (Ty by the way!)

[scenic flame]

no problem!

achillo deff is huge looking

[frigid bloom]

That's feeling a bit more consistent

[scenic flame]

heads up btw the ue5 mannequin is 187cm

[grave flare]

The Spino in the game is about 18 meters tall and the real one is estimated to be 15. We should also see Rex's estimates because we have Rex PT in the game and this one looks dwarfed compared to the official one (by the way, the Achillo in the game is gigantic)

[frigid bloom]

ye, I'll do some more of these over the next few days this was fun but time consuming, I'm curious! The updated one just now reflects the spino difference, but considering it's a huge animal to begin with, it's not as egregious as the achillo. Game-Spino is 13% larger than life, game-Achi is something like 50% larger

[grave flare]

I see that the Spino I was working on is outdated, well I didn't expect it to be 100% accurate either, I'd better leave that to people who know.

[tall vale]

it’s definitely fat

[frigid bloom]

✨Rotund✨

[turbid forum]

Ok how come no one is talking abt how tsintaosaurus is the largest hadrosaur with a large crest

[grave flare]

Super fat*

[sullen cairn]

cause its a humerus and maganapaulia's bigger
although saying that that the largest magnapaulia is a partial humerus so nvm

the largest charonosaurus femur also might be a bit heavier if you assume its a fatarse like para

[turbid forum]

K but the only 3 hadrosaurs I know are bigger than it are: Edmontosaurus, a Mexican corythosaurus rippoff with a small crest and one whos name I forgot who was bigger than Tyrannosaurus

[sullen cairn]

shantungosaurus?

but yeah tsintaosaurus is definitely up there

[keen mauve]

dous anyone know what carnivores lived in morocco in the early cretaceous eccept carchar and spino?

[crude latch]

sucho i think or maybe i’m being dumb

[storm heron]

Oh there is a lot, you can easily find them in Wikipedia for example. E.g., Chenanisaurus, Thyreosaurus,

[pliant cedar]

WHAT don? 😭

[pliant cedar]

deltadromeus, sauroniops, elaphrosaurus (possibly)

[pliant cedar]

my day has gotten better thank you

[keen mauve]

thank ya

the Chenanisaurus is looking kinda sick

[snow python]

How big was Rhizodus? 7m?

[frigid delta]

5.1–5.6 m

[hybrid spindle]

3 Utah raptors vs a rex who wins

[wraith kindle]

If they even lived at the same time….

[river condor]

Guys can you give me advice with something

It has been my childhood dream to become a paleontologist but i live in brazil, which doesnt have a great paleontological industry, the only university in my state that teaches it is one in another town that teaches paleogeography, what should i do?

Also, next year im gonna have to pick which extracurricular course im gonna do together with school, which one would aid more in achieving my paleontology dreams? Chemistry or system development?

[deft pecan]

I guess chemistry for fossil analysis

[river condor]

That makes sense but many new paleontological advancements are done through the use of computer science

[junior garden]

YANN

[deft pecan]

Damn. So is isotopic analysis or radiometric dating not a thing anymore?

[river condor]

Of course they are but thats what im saying, both are basically equally useful in paleontology, equally employable at least where i live and equally enjoyable in my taste

[deft pecan]

So like you wanna do computer models

[tough parcel]

Computer models is best considering most analysis is done via digital now

@stiff osprey can help for Brazilian paleontology student needs tho

[river condor]

Thanks

[junior garden]

Whats you guys opinion on the nigersaurus??

[tough parcel]

It's an incredibly unique sauropod whose face and dentition is unlike anything seen before

[river condor]

People need to stop pretending it's name is funny, its just bad 5th grader humor

[junior garden]

Not at all, its my favorite dinosaur, ik the names broken but its truly interesting

[deft pecan]

Is it really?

[deft pecan]

I find its face hilarious for some reason though

[river condor]

It does have a funny face i gotta admit

[junior garden]

Yea! I laughed alot at it

[whole mountain]

yo

[deft pecan]

No one can deny it

Do you prefer a blue hedgehog or a big T. rex with a bite force that could destroy your car?

[river condor]

Do you prefer a red equidna or a big sauropod with 500 teeth?

[junior garden]

I gotta agree with you!!! 🔥

[deft pecan]

Dude what’s your opinion on the Tyranotitan?

[junior garden]

The red equinda is to big for me. I dont like that dinosaur

[hybrid spindle]

Does anyone know?

[deft pecan]

I say Rex.

[warped peak]

Deinogalerix:

[river condor]

I heard once that it was the biggest carnivorous dinosaur ever, not buying into it tho

[whole mountain]

thats a good point, il probably join this thing. whats some basics about dinos that i should probably start with?

[deft pecan]

It’s not. The biggest. It’s like 4th (around that) But it’s freaking awesome

[river condor]

It does have interesting features tho

[river condor]

Of course its awesome all dinosaurs are awesome

[deft pecan]

One of my personal favorites.

[river condor]

I like saltasaurus very much

Sadly yes

[bitter oasis]

As we cannot be civil on this let's move on from this topic. Reminder to not troll or provoke other users, thank you.

[zinc solstice]

Are flightless pterosaurs possible and will we find some in the future

[deft pecan]

I do think its mouth shape is hilarious.

[river condor]

Sure thing sir

[fossil ingot]

TTT is like N6 or smth
Still big tho

[deft pecan]

Who do you think would win, carchar or Tyranotitan?

[fossil ingot]

Carcha

[bitter oasis]

As asked before let's move on from this topic or mutes will be handed out , refer to our #rules

[deft pecan]

Yeah probably… I still prefer Tyranotitan.

[fossil ingot]

Overall Bigger, equally robust with its most recent skeletal, Stronger Bite Force.
Likely more Experience in battle and overall more evolved

[warped peak]

"experienced in battle"

[deft pecan]

Experience in battle? That all depends on the age.

[fossil ingot]

I personally Prefer Carcha but still like TTT

@warped peak , to much debates have infected me

[zinc solstice]

Like for an example if a flock of tapejarids stumbled across an island with no predators and there was lots of fruit bushes low to the ground and lots of bushes with nuts low to the ground and lots of food, would they become flightless

[warped peak]

Theoretically? Yes

Likely? No clue

[fossil ingot]

Thats likely True and varies depends specimen but giving where both lived and what they fought I personally would give it to Carcha
Simply cause of with what it lived

[zinc solstice]

Dapingfangornis

[fossil ingot]

Yeah
Anyways Carcha on Top
Still find it funny how Carcha looks with a Giga's tail lol

[bitter oasis]

As asked before please move on from the conversation, or mutes will be handed out. Thank you!

[deft pecan]

So how was everyone’s day?

[harsh oak]

proud of myself just excavated this shelly boi from a rock i found

[zinc solstice]

Dapingfangornis is the best Mesozoic dinosaur, change my mind.

[tame tapir]

Can we tell what shape what color something‘s eyeball may have been based on the skeletonization of the orbital socket? Or are most things guesses off of what we have today animal wise….?

[deft pecan]

Larger sockets generally indicate larger eyes. However, the socket only provides a maximum size. Coz the eyeball might not fill the entire space

[daring grotto]

color is strictly from cell structure. we know body colors because very rarely, that structure has been preserved in impressions. but eyeballs are bags of water and will likely never, ever be preserved as they “deflate” upon decomposition

size however can be determined within reason from the size of the orbit, and i you can assume the size of the sclerotic ring too, though some even preserve with it. however the eyeball does not go entirely in the ring, but a small part “pinches” out

do remember that eyeballs never change size from birth. so babies have big eyes, and the bigger the creature is, the smaller the eye gets proportionally

i also believe you can guesstimate coloring if you can infer if it was potentially nocturnal? but in general you’ll see green, brown, yellow, orange, and maybe red. blue is a mutation and generally won’t stay around cause it makes it very hard to see in bright light

[sudden wind]

Small reminder that the sclerotic ring is inside the eyeball.

But anyway ya, you can decently predict the eye size.

[daring grotto]

yes and i hate it lmfao

like the hyoid, it’s such a small thin bone set that it doesn’t preserve often, but it’s safe to assume most, if not all, dinosaurs had it; as i believe the ring goes back further than archosaurs? correct me on that

[turbid forum]

Didnt know where to put this

[daring grotto]

this is also what (mostly) immobilizes bird eyes and makes it so they have to turn their heads to look at stuff rather than shifting their eyes like mammals

[stiff osprey]

Further than reptiles even, sclerotic rings are present in early synapsids so they're most likely ancestral to amniotes, with mammals losing them for some reason

[daring grotto]

i was fully expecting to be completely wrong somehow and have you school me LMFAO

[sudden wind]

There is a decent number of various birds from different groups that evolved blue eyes so I wouldn't be so sure. Blue eyed dinos are still possible. Even some reptiles, like lizards, have blue eyes.

[daring grotto]

touché. though i’d still say it wouldn’t be common

[sudden wind]

Didn't crocs also lost them ?

[stiff osprey]

can't remember if croc scleral rings are gone entirely or if they're cartilage, but I think they also lost them, yes

[daring grotto]

i would assume that would be because how pushed up the orbital is and simply didn’t have room anymore

i think people forget eyes are just liquid bags

[sudden wind]

Also, bird eye movements are rather limited indeed but I don't think it has much to do with sclerotic ring. Lizards can move their eyes pretty decently and same goes for turtles.
https://youtu.be/rL8W-VTm-cM

This is a green anole btw.

[stiff osprey]

it's because bird eyes are ginormous, the eyeball takes up so much of the skull that there isn't much space left for the rotatory muscles

But that video also does nicely show how the tissue around the eyeball moves in conjunction in reptiles, rather than just the eyeball rotating in place like ours does

[bitter quest]

Rip Blue Sucho foreshadowed this https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/29/science/prehistoric-sea-cow-demise/index.html?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR2Jq52r781F8QcY_bSZG9dDd-BCip1S8fSI8oVbU7sGRfYM8L10SOjZcW0_aem_NwneXWQLOOCgz0dQLHixlA

[outer tusk]

Number 3 is giving me the yard stare 😭

[sharp canyon]

Mixpackers be like

[sudden wind]

https://x.com/raftingzalmoxes/status/1828257052722110892?t=f-vodE-jxDwK_rGTHlN6sg&s=19

Palaeoncryptozoologist Briton (@raftingzalmoxes) on X

#WWDSeries2 has NO TRIASSIC EPISODE...
#SurvivingEarth is the sole Triassic content provider now...

Twitter · Aug 27, 2024, 2:23 AM

[exotic quest]

BOOOO

[honest cobalt]

My new favourite thing, thanks for sharing!

[sudden wind]

Also this is from Surviving Earth

[warped peak]

It better not be Jurassic focused (the Jurassic is the least fun of the Mesozoic times, none of the initial freaks and none of the curated arts of evolution)

[zinc solstice]

Sacabambaspis is Mid, Arandaspis is Better

[sudden wind]

For WWD we know that 3 out of the 5 episodes are in the cretaceous iirc

[grave flare]

I think I could stretch the mesh to make it an "accurate" subspecies, although it's not my strong point. Maybe it would look better with lips, but the base model doesn't include them.

[outer tusk]

what

[pliant cedar]

jurassic is cool, all the mesozoic is cool

[warped peak]

Yes. But the Jurassic is the least cool of the Mesozoic epochs

[pliant cedar]

why, it has a lot of cool animals, and formations
all the mesozoic periods are equally cool

[outer tusk]

^^^^ fr like th are we're forgetting some of the coolest jurassic animals here?

[pliant cedar]

back when crocodilomorphs were doing what the mosasaurs would do in the cretaceous

[woeful falcon]

The jurassic is where evolution exploded

[tacit pine]

dawg what. it had the most diversity bruh

[warped peak]

It did.

But it didn't have the most interesting or exotic life by any means, especially not compared to the Cretaceous or Triassic

Colossal supergiant animals, post extinction abominations, the most overkill predators the world had ever seen, that jazz

[bitter quest]

Real

[turbid forum]

How dare you insult the perfect fish

[zinc solstice]

Arandaspis gang Forever

[turbid forum]

Ngl but arandaspis is great

[zinc solstice]

Arandaspis is Way Cooler and Better than Sacabambaspis, Arandaspis was Smart, Sacabambaspis was Dumb

[turbid forum]

Sacabambaspis was generally more succesful and a lot more wholesome