#help-43
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a/b = sqrt(2)
square both sides
a^2 = 2b^2
the left side is odd but the right side is even
so there's clearly a parity mismatch
yeah i should've tested this myself before asking
lol
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hello guys :)
how can i integrate this
my prof gave the ans but not the workingsT.T
do i multiply in the factor?
yes, multiply it in and then it's power rule
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how to solve this ?
what pattern does the numerator have?
9-7 = 2, 13-9= 2^2 and so on...
do 5S - S to simplify the series
then of the new series, do 5(that) - (that) again
it will be geometric
i tried S - S/5
strange
ok
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take derivative and set it = 0?
dy/dx
im confused how to solve for x with no calculator tho
You can write y in terms of x
the equation looks like a circle that bit a very sour lemon
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I need help
with?
I dont get this
where r u stuck at
dy/dx
y(y^3+1)^1/2 = x
right
and we do dy/dx
product rule and chain rule
im not so familiar with calc, lemme search up the condition of existance for derivatives
its probably related to the root as were not considering the complex plane tho
okay
yes
then solve for ur y variable
like i'm getting a whole line of equation for dy/dx
i got dydx(y^3+1)^1/2 + y(1/2(y^3+1)^-1/2)*3y^2(dy/dx)=1
howd u get there
u got the steps u used to get there?
it should just be a multiplication and power rule no?
i ddi the product rule and the chain rule
that would be abit more complicated i believe
if u just take y as ur variable instead of x itd be simpler
so d/dx
its the same thing
its just a diff letter
these are how graphs usually are
u take in a function, plug in x and u get ur y
but in our case wed invert it
so we plug in y and get our x
were doing that because taking the dy/dx is more complex in this case than just dx/dy
because X is alone and ready to be worked with, so we just call x our function
nope
yeah
yeah
but if u were dy/dx
ud have to isolate y
so we just dx/dy instead
because x is already isolated
okk
Wait
can we use algebra isolate y first
before we derive
That should be easier right
yes
instead of plugging in random numbers
nope
shouldnt be so hard to group that tho
after grouping its just a simple cubic
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I know to find sin2theta value for where r is negative
But I find that from -pi to -pi/2 r is positive
And same for pi to 1.5 pi
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um the graph is wrong, its a polar equation, not the normal ones with x and y
ur graph is valid if y = sin2x
its gonna be like a flower
for the polar equation
Yah I know that but instead of tabulating theta values I am drawing sin graph to show that r changes when theta changes
I think there is a typo in the problem. It should probably say r>0 instead of a>0.
No typo my professor told me to take r > 0 for all question
I don’t how that is going to help
4a is asking OP to show that the curve C is not in the 2nd and 4th quadrant which is obviously not possible with the given constraints in the problem.
It only makes sense if a>0 is supposed to be r>0.
Here we can see that r is negative.
And negative in the 2nd quadrant here.
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Hi
I'm m new to the channel and to calculus
Hello whats ur question
I'm having trouble understanding differentistion
!original
Please show the original problem, exactly as it was stated to you, with the entire original context. A picture or screenshot is best. If the original problem is not in English, then post it anyway! The additional context might still be helpful. Do your best to provide a translation.
hmm alr
Question A: verify the point A lies on the curve
isn't that just substituting the coordinates of point A into the equation and see if both sides are equal?
Yea
but hes tryna ask how differentiation works
Yea
i dont think that question matters about that tho
Yea that what I came for
differentiation basically is finding the tangent line for that particular point
I thought it was like a formula U substitute to find a gradient at any point
Is that wrong?
uh u substitute that is for integration
is legit the whole opposite thing what differentiation tryna do
Ooooh
differentiation is tryna find the instantaneous rate of change
do you still know
delta y/ delta x
basically what u learn in algebra
the secent line
So the rate of change of the gradient?
uh half is correct
when second line 2 points get very close
but not TOGETHER
Or the rate of change which y changes in respect to x
get infinitely close to each other into a single point
hench differentiation have its definition
as
So it's the rate of change in f'(x) as x gets infinitely close to 0
And and I can't rlly comprehend "the point where x gets close to 0")
The teacher didn't teach us limits
We went straight to differenciation
but in calculus
we bypass that
by using
Limits first
before we learn
differentiation
why we learn limits? To bypass the mathematical errors that we would usually see
like
0/0
inf/inf
those kind of stuff
Ahh i see now
but for normal course
you have to know limits first before you went into differentiation
since differentiation is basically solving lim as x approaching inf
i have a perfect video if u rlly need holdon
And now I need to learn a whole topic too
In this math video, I give an overview of all the topics in Calculus 1. It's certainly not meant to be learned in a 5 minute video, but this should give you an idea of what calculus essentially is at its most basic level. I worked especially hard on this one so I hope you guys enjoy!
0:00 Introduction
0:06 Functions
0:55 Limits
1:36 Continuity
...
there are many other ytbers who featuring limits
like 3b1b
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yo
for last part
i said that the string would carry weight, which would slow down A, and decrease its acceleration
but the answer was that tension would be different
and idk how that relates to part b, like the question asked
@drifting drum Has your question been resolved?
<@&286206848099549185>
What happens to the tension throughout the string when it has a mass?
idk
Well basically the tension throughout the string is no longer uniform
Think of it has a point in the string having to support the weight of the string below it as well
So the top end has to support the weight of the entire string below it as well
Which makes for a bigger tension
okay
And a point lower has to support less weight, thus there is less tension there
okay
Look at how part b was solved. Can you still do it this way knowing the tension is no longer uniform throughout the string?
nope
okay
ty
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would the first method be correct, and is it not (or is) a coincidence that i get 144 from both methods, is my reasoning that we have double counted the ways that 3 abcs can be adjacent correct? thanks
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So I'm getting stuck from the get-go
The only way I know of for finding the characteristic polynomial is finding the matrix and calculating eigenvalue t such that det(A-tI) is 0 for matrix A
But I can't figure out how to represent T as a matrix
@vocal matrix Has your question been resolved?
What is the exercise it is referencing?
what is 6.1.12?
did you do that?
No, it wasn't assigned
well that sure is interesting
I guess I'll take a look
just remember the eigenvalue equation: Ax = lamba x. this equation is saying that if you apply the linear transformation A to the vector x (in its domain), it is the same as scaling the input by lambda
so you can apply that same principle to your matrix operator
I'm just not sure how I would check the algebraic multiplicity of any eigenvalue
would you know of any method to find the multiplicity in this case
yeah, so the first step would be to find all possible eigenvalues
have you done that?
gimme a sec
I have lambda = 0, -1, 1
how did you get 0?
only when the input is a matrix full of zeros
I'm not sure if that's trivial
Okay nevermind 0 cannot be an eigenvector (so 0 is not an eigenvalue here) so just -1 and 1
lambda = -1, 1
okay sure, yes -1 and 1
so that tells you that the eigenspace is all matrices that satisfy either
X^T = X or X^T = -X
is symmetric matrices (X^T = X), and for -1 it's skew-symmetric ones (X^T = -X). Together, they span the space of square matrices since any matrix decomposes that way. Need help with the next part?
because I know that a matrix is diagonalizable if the eigenvalues have the same geometric and algebraic multiplicities
or if the dimension of the eigenspace is is the dimension of the linear transformation yes
Thanks. But I'm just having trouble going from this to solution
so you need to find the dimension of the eigenspace
algebraic multiplicity is hard to find in general
unless the transformation is simple and explicit
so I can bypass the characteristic polynomial
aren't there two distinct eigenspaces?
well technically yes but they're distinct
so if you find the dimension of both and add them then you'll get the dimension of T
oop didnt see that you said distinct, sorry lol
but you can do this
Is this the right way?
Basically 1 occupying every space that's not on the diagonal, and the space mirroring it
exactly yes, assuming you're constructing a basis
Great. And it's similar but it's negative on the bottom if it's lambda = -1
right. but matrices like
1 0
0 0
are also symmetric
okay if I'm not mistaken the diagonal for eigenvalue = -1 needs to be 0
yes. also I think you meant for one of the 1's to be positive for each basis vector for lambda = -1
since you said this
man I'm just piling up mistakes today
yes, that is what I meant
that's math for you, you know what you're doing but writing out something completely different lol
Hi
happens to all of us. but yeah so now just count how many are in each eigenspace
so if I have done my math right, there are n(n+1)/2 in the first one and there are (n-1)(n)/2 in the second one
so the total would be the summation of that which would be n squared
yep, and what is the dimension of T
I get what you're hinting at but I want to back up for a moment
What specifically is dimension of T
well it's the dimension of V basically
where T: V -> V
I should've been more specific
I mean V has n columns
so the best way to think of dimension is to ask yourself how many basis vectors you need to describe any element of V
n, right?
Well V is all n x n matrices. a basis vector would be (for a 2x2 matrix)
1 0
0 0
or
0 1
0 0
etc
oh. so then it should simply be n squared, the same as the total dimension of eigenspace
meaning it is diagonalizable
there you go
thank you
no problem
this just always works as an alternative to the multiplicity method?
it does yes, it's the same thing technically. since geometric multiplicity is always less than or equal to algebraic multiplicity, then if GM(eigenspace) = dim(V), AM(eigenspace) = dim(V) also
but if you are given a problem where you can't easily find AM, they probably want you to use the method we just did
np🫡
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how do you do this? this is probably wrong, but i tried letting the function be x^2 + y^2, so x^2 + y^2 = k(x^2 + y^2), so k=1?
try to plug in specific values for x,y
okok
are you sure f(x,y) is any function?
because actually in that case I think that k can be anything
Writing down a single example is not helpful when you need to find all possible k. f(x,y) = x - y implies k = -1, but that doesn't establish whether other k aside from +-1 are possible too. You should start with just the relation and work from there instead of writing down specific examples.
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for the 2nd part
why cant you set the RHS to 3(1-cos2x)
then divide both sides by 1-cos2x
leaving (secx)^2 - 5 = 3
it's tan^2(x) not tan(x)
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I feel like I did something wrong, how do I fix it?
Hi! You actually haven't done anything wrong :)
The question looks poorly formatted (it doesn't exactly say what t is, i.e whether P is the population at the end of the th year).
You can say that t = 1.6, or - during the 2nd year will the population reach 60.
I glanced at the answer key once and from my memory I think it said 5.3
but I'm not sure if my memory is wrong, do you have an explanation on why it might be 5.3?
5.3 is definitely wrong
If you substitute it in:
P(5.3) = 25(5.3) + 20
,calc 25(5.3) + 20
Result:
152.5
You get something that is definitely not 60
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If tanTHETA = -1/2 for THETA in Quadrant 2, find sinTHETA + cosTEHTA
Precalculus Honors
What have you tried?
I don’t know if O or A is negative so I figured I should do Pythagorean theorem but again, I don’t know which value is negative.
you could visualize it in the unit circle..
How can I know if 1 or 2 is negative.
And another thing you should know, tan=sin/cos
Yes, but how can I know which value is negative.
Do you know what is "the second quadrant?"
When x is negative and y is positive on the unit circle.
Yep, and what is x and y on the unit circle?
x is cos, y is sin
Y is sin
Yep sorry brain farted
Well, now you should know which is negative and which is positive

Oh wait you’re right
Hold on lemme finish the problem
Sin = -1
Cos = 2?
Nvm
Sin = 1
Cos = -2?
Yes?
Sadly there is no value of theta such that this is true
So undefined?
Wdym?
Is this problem solvable?
Yes it is
But you can't just guess and check like this
Use sin^2 + cos^2 = 1
And we know cos = -2sin
Where’d you get this from?
Sin^2THETA or just sinTHETA?
In which formula?
This
It's derived from the Pythagorean theorem, so it's sin^2
How do you hold on lemme comprehend this
So cos is neg and sin is pos, right?
Nvm it is
Yep
triangle??
Yes? But you don’t put cos and sin on a triangle
And it could be this? @main yarrow
tanx=perpendicular/base
What’s that?
What’s a and o then?
Take them as 1 and 2
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Are logic gates studied in maths too?
.....
Yes, it’s called Boolean algebra
I think it's duplicating the signal, but that would be odd
Which square thing?
Are you supposed to simplify the circuit or sth like that?
What's the context
Truth table
then this interpretation is slightly less odd
I don't really know what that gate does
Whats that?
that square is just duplicating the signal (most likely)
its same as the other intersection
@peak turret Has your question been resolved?
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!status
What step are you on?
1. I don't know where to begin.
2. I have begun but got stuck midway.
3. I got an answer but I was told that it's wrong.
4. I got an answer and would like my work checked.
5. I have a question about someone else's work/solution.
6. I have completed the problem and don't need help anymore. Thank you.
7. None of the above
Count the complement
the case work shouldnt be tedious?
or maybe it is 
Inclusion exclusion should also work
the case work isnt so bad
ok so you can first find all integers divisible by 5, 2, and 3:
- include all even integers (so 2, 4, 6, ..., 998, 1000; there are 500 integers like this)
then all numbers divisible by 3 are 3, 6, 9, .., 999 but we alr included the even integers divisible by 3, so include alternating numbers divisible by 3:
3, 9, 15, ..., 999
you can treat this like an ap (a = 3, d = 6; 3 + 6(n-1) = 999; 6n-6 = 996; 6n = 1002; n = 167)
so there are 167 integers like this
then for 5, we should not count even or those divisble by 3, so we have 5(5), 5(7), 5(11), and 5 into other prime numbers
not entirely sure so pls check
Maybe don't give the entire solution away
Too complicated. Just note that 2, 3 and 5 are primes, so a number x is divisible by all of them iff it has them as factors. So $x = 235*t$
Dedekind
but wouldn't that only be numbers divisible by all?
yes, by all of them
then the rest of numbers will not be divisible by 2 or by 3 or by 5
no
nah this is wrong it said inclusive
oh ok
this is not right 👀
ill edit it
how so?
done
your formulation only counts multiples of 30
yes. After that the rest of the numbers EXCEPT the multiples of 30 - are the numbers of the question
Yea this is the way to go
then the question require a clarification. Are we looking for the numbers that are not (divisible by 2 or divisible by 3 or divisible by 5)?
Or we looking for numbers that are not divisible by 2 or not divisible by 3 or not divisible by 5?
I was considering the later case
you shouldnt IMHO because it makes the problem trivial
So the answer is 266, right?
!show
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Hello, could someone check if this proof looks good please?
\begin{Definition}[Natural numbers]
The set of the \emph{natural numbers} is the set $\bN = \{1,2,3,4,5,\dots\}$.
\end{Definition}
\begin{Theorem}
It is the case that $$1 \cdot 3 + 2 \cdot 4 + 3 \cdot 5 + \dots + n \cdot (n + 2) = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+7)}{6}.$$
\end{Theorem}
\begin{proof}
We proceed by induction.\\
\underline{Base Case.} The base case is when $n = 1$, and
$1 \cdot (1 + 2) = \frac{1(1+1)(2 + 7)}{6} = 3$ as desired.\\
\underline{Inductive Hypothesis.} Let $k \in \bN$, and assume
$$1 \cdot 3 + 2 \cdot 4 + 3 \cdot 5 + \dots + k \cdot (k + 2) = \frac{k(k+1)(2k+7)}{6}.$$
\underline{Induction step.} We aim to prove that the result holds for $k + 1$.
That is, we wish to show that
$$1 \cdot 3 + 2 \cdot 4 + 3 \cdot 5 + \dots + k(k + 2) + (k+1)(k+3) = \frac{(k+1)(k+2)(2k+9)}{6}.$$
To do this, we begin with the expression on the left, we apply the inductive hypothesis to the sum
of the first $k$ numbers, and from there simplify:
\begin{align*}
1 \cdot 3 + 2 \cdot 4 + 3 \cdot 5 + \dots + k(k + 2) + (k+1)(k+3) &= \frac{k(k+1)(2k+7)}{6} + (k+1)(k+3)\\
&= \frac{k(k+1)(2k+7) + 6(k+1)(k+3)}{6} \\
&= \frac{(k+1)(k(2k+7) + 6(k+3))}{6} \\
&= \frac{(k+1)(2k^2+ 7k + 6k + 18)}{6} \\
&= \frac{(k+1)(k+2)(2k+9)}{6} \\
\end{align*}
Therefore, by induction, $$1 \cdot 3 + 2 \cdot 4 + 3 \cdot 5 + \dots + n \cdot (n + 2) = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+7)}{6}.$$
\end{proof}
Particularly, check if the factorization is correct please
Mor Bras
good
@trail kelp Has your question been resolved?
its good but you shouldnt say "let n in N" before starting induction
n is the variable of induction so it shouldnt sit freely outside the induction framework
(well you used k instead but point still stands)
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how do i turn this exponential function into a logarithmic function
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Closed by @low pulsar
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✅ Original question: #help-43 message
What do you mean by "turn into"
Find inverse function?
!xy
Please show the original problem, exactly as it was stated to you, with the entire original context. A picture or screenshot is best. If the original problem is not in English, then post it anyway! The additional context might still be helpful. Do your best to provide a translation.
So the inverse logarithmic function
like for example if u have y = 3^x
you need to find x = f(y)
the logarithmic of it is x = log(3) y
You mean x = log_3(y)
But yes
Closed your duplicate
i was trying to but its not letting me
Well start by isolating the x stuff
use ln to isolate x
idk how to use ln but i know log
So, which log allows you to retrieve x
log y/2 = log 3^x
it's the same for ln your base is e. thats all
If you want to use regular log, sure
for what number is my base e
But maybe with the prior example you gave, you can find a more appropriate log to use than just the regular one
i only know log
wdym by a more appropriate log
Well, all logs come with a base
yes
log(x) is just another way to write log_10(x) if I'm correct about your conventions
x is the base
x is is the output
oh alr
$\log_b(x)$ means "log of x base b"
Rafilouyear2026
yeah
And so $\log(x) = \log_{10}(x)$
Rafilouyear2026
yup
The usual log is base 10
Well, that's up to you to specify
You could have used any base for the log to apply on both sides.
But, as I suggested, there is a base that is more relevant than the others here
when we do log does the x exponent go the other side right
so now its x^(y/2) = 3
does the y/2 also switch sides
Idk what sorcery you're trying to invoke
no
Just apply log_3 on both sides
alright
Rafilouyear2026
Well
Remember log_3 is the inverse of 3^...
So doing one after the other cancels both actions
the x goes the other side
You end up back at where you started
oh
What other side 💀
why did we do that then
To retrieve x
other side of the equality
$\log_3(3^x) = x$
Rafilouyear2026
?
did the x stay there or did it go on the other side of the equality
This has nothing to do with y. It's just a factual statement
If you take 3^something
And then take the log_3
You get what you started with
$\log_3(3^{whatever}) = whatever$
Rafilouyear2026
So this becomes
Same thing as before, try to isolate x
it should be y+4
Some stuff disappeared on the y side
u mean the y/2?
log y/2 + 2 = log 3^(x+2)
x = log_3 (y/2) - 2
Bruv, as I said, you made a +2 magically disappear
u forgot to put the +2
It’s subtracting
There were two +2s
oh
Look at the boldened +2
x= log_3 (y/2 +2) - 2
Closed by @low pulsar
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✅ Original question: #help-43 message
determine the rule of the logarithmic function
f(x) = log_c((b)(x-h))
to find b
-3 = 1/b -4
b = 1
?
Where did 1/b - 4 come from
<@&268886789983436800>
1/b is in the equation and -4 is the asymptote
1/b - h
Where is 1/b here
I see
Yea b=1 looks right
Actually I still think this is a mistake
how
x=-3 and y=0 from the graph. When you plug that in you get
0 = log_c(b(-3-h))
b(-3-h)= 1
is h=-4 or h=4
well
im double checking it should be correct
if u got a coordinate like (-3,0)
or (1,5.0)
and u got h = 1
1,5 = 1/b + 1
h = x
x = asymptote
Yes
Alright this and the rest look right. I got confused on the sign of h
h=-4 is right so x-h = x+4
is b = 1 tho
Yes
-3=1-4 checks
Why do you still have c
Yea
Closed by @low pulsar
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.reopen
✅ Original question: #help-43 message
Closed by @low pulsar
Use .reopen if this was a mistake.
.reopen
✅ Original question: #help-43 message
i dont understand my mistake i have 2 coordinates
Yo
hey
I accidentally slept last night my bad
(9,0) and (9,9.-1)
right
and the asymptote is 10
h= 10
first thing i do is find b with the coordinate (9,0)
the equation for it is
What topic is this
Zero = 1/b + h
logarithmic
What's your question
i think i did a mistake so just making sure
well i did do a mistake
9 = 1/b + 10
-1 = 1/b
-b = 1
b = -1
?
its good cause the graphic shows it
b < 0
and in this case b = -1
the next step i did was try to find c
which is where my mistake is
-1 = log_c ((1)(9,9-10))
-1 = log_c(-0,1)
c^-1 = 0,1
What's your original question
its to determine the equation of the logarithmic function
so find b,h,c
we found b and we got h
h = asymptote
And you use this?
yeah to ifnd b
Can you take a pic of the problem
And what are you finding again
c and b
f(x) = log_c((b)(x-h))
-1 = log_c((1)(9,9-10))
-1 = log_c -0,1
c^-1 = -0,1
1/c = -0,1
-10 = c
which doesnt make sense
C should be 10
how
We have $-1=log_c((b)(9-10))$ right
sice19
yeah
b is 1
Nope
It's -1
how
we have f(x)=log_c(b(x-h)) right
y7eah
We get 0=log_c(b(9-10))
-1 = 1/b
yeah
c^1 = b(9-10)
arent we supposed to find b first
$f(x) = \log_c(b(x-h))$
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
i just got in this channel and it's already a chaos
im going to just start over with this
-# (YOU HAVE 3 CHANNELS 😭)
we got $(9, 0)$ on the graph
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
so $f(9) = 0$
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
oh yeah about those
i closed them but theyre still there
yeah
and what's $f(9)$?
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
f(9) is value of y when x = 0
hold on, what's his original question? i don't get where this h comes from
substituta in here
h is asymptote
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
and that's 2 equations
yup
from that you can solve for $b$ and $c$
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
-# (through h)
alright ima try that
also i think the asymtote is at $x = 10$?
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
yeah so substitute $h = 10$ too
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
hold on
kk
so $\log_c(-b) = 0$
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
yeah
remember that $\log$ and exponents cancel each other
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
and since $\log_c(-b) = 0$, then $c^0 = -b$
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
and the only way that this can happen is when $-b = 1$
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
i got this too
but how can it be -b/
its supposed to be b so i switched it
b = -1
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
Closed by @low pulsar
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.reopen
✅ Original question: #help-43 message
as in $-1 = log(2, b (0 - h))$
Mirror
the quantity being log_2'd is $(b(0-h))$?
Mirror
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lemme go find the original because i am not understanding the original query
$-1 = \log_2(b(x-h))$ is the original query, and we're looking for b?
Mirror
yeah
ok... what do we know about h?
is it a constant or a variable?
variable
👍
I need help regarding maths project
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ok so raising to power of 2 is the right call
$\frac{1}{2} = b(x-h)$
seems to me like all we need to do to isolate b is divide by (x-h)
-# h is the asymptote btw
yes you're right
hold on a second
Mirror
yeah
is $x-h$ ever zero?
that's better
Mirror
because if it is, we can't divide by it
-# i think we can still divide, but with a twist here
we aren't
-# agreed but i'm trying to get them to find that out
there's another equation?
b = 0,5/(0-h)
!original
Please show the original problem, exactly as it was stated to you, with the entire original context. A picture or screenshot is best. If the original problem is not in English, then post it anyway! The additional context might still be helpful. Do your best to provide a translation.
yeah i was gonna show it
-2 = log_c (b)(-1-h))
Mirror
from this
2^-2 = b(-1-h)
ok back up a second you've got too many equations here
its the same one im just solving it