#help-39
1 messages · Page 308 of 1
we want to prove that whatever 13 elements we pick, we will always end up with at least one pair such that $a = 2b$
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
so uhm
It's impossible
rewrite each $a_i$ as $2^{k_i} \cdot b_i$ where $k_i$ is either 0 or 1
But idk how to explain
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
If I explain it will be more complex
we only care the $i$ that $k_i = 1$, so with $i$ like those, we want to care that $b_i = a_j$ ($i \neq j$)
1 divided by 0 equals Infinity
but what can we get from here?
like any groups?
@latent glen Has your question been resolved?
@latent glen Has your question been resolved?
do groups like 1 2 4 8 16, 3 6 12, 5 10,.. work?
aight so if we write out all numbers from 1 to 17 and mark up pairs of a and b, we find that 9,11,13,15,17 are not in any pair so we can include them
this leaves us out with 8 pairs and from them we need 8 elements
once we write the pairs , we find that only pairs (5,10) and (7,14) have elements that are not common in any other pair, Hence we can select one element from each.
This leaves us with 6 pairs and we need 6 elements
But these pairs have common elements
In batch (3,6) and (6,12), we see that their is clearly 6 in common, so we can eleminate it and now we need 4 elements in the 4 pairs (1,2),(2,4),(4,8),(8,16)
However, on selecting one, the pairs with the selected elements get removed as we already selected a common element, leading us to getting only 2 elements from the 4 sets, leading to a maximum subset size of 11 elements
hence proved ig
the max subset size is 12...
okay i can move on to the other problems
🙏
it's a mix of many diff topics
where did u get this q from?
last ques in a model test
😮
Thomas
you could take 1 out and differentiate
so that gives us $\frac{-4m}{m^2+2m+2}$
Thomas
you know how to differentiate?
haven't learnt that yet i think
,w differentiation
the first subquestion in this was proving that the equations always has two dinstinct roots and now we're here..
am not sure how we do it without differentiation tbh
any restriction for m? like m is a positive number or smth?
i don't think so
i've just proven that every m can be used
okay that's a bit annoying
Can you show for any m<0 it's always greater than any m>0
complete the square in the denom, that would help
(m+1)^2 + 1?
yeah so the denom is always positive
the upper part is also positive tho
This channel still on the pair thingy?
and m>0 , T<0
nope
that one
Now you can focus on m>0 and use some kind of inequalities
We have already shown that min can't occur for m<0
Have you guys removed the denominator
Think of each number as a cursed energy flow
😭
Would be easier to progress
I'm sure how that help, but we didn't go that way
Oh okay
Try your way then
Since i think it would be nicer to make denominator eliminated, then set it into an inequality equation
not sure what you meant by that
max is not that difficult
just
divide by m
and use AM-GM
just note that after divding by m we need to find the minimum/maximum of m + 2/m
my bad
amgm is only for positive
right
but this shoudl be useful
It does
We have shown that min only occur for m>0
So we can use AM-GM now
idk where OP is rn tho
oh cool okay
oh so we are actually pretyt much done
just see
that the function is odd
this m + 2/m
wdym?
We had that the min occurs only when m > 0, similarly we can show that the max occurs when m < 0 from m + 2/m being odd we get the max by plugging in -x where x is the argument for the min.
this is just $\frac{-4}{m+2+\frac{2}{m}}$, so its sufficient to minimise/maximise that m + 2/m
k
which gives us -4/(2*sqrt(2)+2)
2 - 2*sqrt(2) for minimum value
how do i get max tho
@warm patio
first we need to show that the max is for m < 0
cauchy for two numbers work tho
wdym
m + 2/m >= 2*sqrt(m x 2/m) = 2 sqrt(2)
yes this works for m > 0
exactly just dont forget the +1 we put in front earlier
If you plug -x into f(x) = x + 2/x we get f(-x) = -x + 2/(-x) = -(x+2/x)
so if we have some min (x+2/x) it will be the max of -(x+2/x)
our x + 2/x looks like this
maybe its easier to see on a graph
oooh ok
sorry, we actually dont need this just the bit about the function
last question for today
Given a circle with center O and radius R, and a fixed chord BC. A is a point that varies on the major arc BC. CD and BE are altitudes. Let B' be the point symmetric to B with respect to E, and C' be the point symmetric to C with respect to D.
a) Prove that DE has a constant length.
b) The circumcircles of triangles ABB' and ACC' intersect at point K. Prove that K is the intersection of lines BC' and CB'.
c) Prove that K belongs to a fixed line and AK passes through a fixed point.
<@&286206848099549185>
You should start a new channel for a new question
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im sorry dude i think no one rly understand the question
im not good in this field of math so i cant rly help im sorry , i hope someone can help u though maybe ping mods
No, don't ping us for this please 
the mods are not picked on the basis of mathematical ability
And don't encourage people to do that
mods are for moderation issues, not for solving problems 
pls ping us for server issues or queries, not math help
Not your fault
just remember that for next time
@odd prism Has your question been resolved?
@odd prism Has your question been resolved?
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2. I have begun but got stuck midway.
3. I got an answer but I was told that it's wrong.
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6. I have completed the problem and don't need help anymore. Thank you.
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Can you explain more where is your question and what you tried?
What????? I thought all mods were uncs who have a phd in math
Think about the fact that your figure is not a complete circle, but a sector of a larger regular polygon.
We would better use this formula since in your problem, that curve is made of n_2 straight segments of length s. The line below has n_1 segments of length s.
Yes.
Yes, but to find it you need to isolate theta.
You are right, you have it!
Okay, now that we've solved the problem, here are the formulas I would use for a problem like this:
Find $\theta$: $1 = \sin(\theta) / \sin(\theta/2) \implies \theta = 120^\circ$. Then, Calculate X: $X = 180^\circ - 120^\circ = \mathbf{60^\circ}$. Finally, Calculate Y: $Y = 90^\circ - \frac{(2-1)120^\circ}{2} = 90^\circ - 60^\circ = \mathbf{30^\circ}$.
I used the coefficients given in this problem.
Ga³¹Br³⁵I⁵³9000✞
We can find both, and we use theta as a centre angle.
It's complex to explain, the point is that as we have observed, if you use the formula, you find theta and you can then find the angles.
Do you understand it better?
Yes. How we can get that?
Right. Use that.
With the angular change formula.
Do you remeber?
interior angle=180∘−Δθ
Yes.
No, because 90*4 are: 360, right?
Sorry, you're right, it's only for each individual vertex.
Oh im sorry i didnt know that
square root of 156?
@odd prism Has your question been resolved?
Prime factor is a factor that can't be split into any more factors other than 1 and itself
And a factor is...just any factor
😢 Mb bro
Just go to other channels btw
@odd prism Has your question been resolved?
Civil Service Pigeon
are you sure that this is well posed
If it wasn't obvious, this configuration is for n1=1 and n2=7
You can scale it up so that all of the segments have length 1
my point still stands
oh I'm a muppet I connected them in the wrong order

hold on
So did you mean to say that the segments that make up "line" B cannot be self-intersecting
These angles are all between 0 and 180 degrees. So I'm asking again - are you trying to say that the segments in line B cannot be self intersecting?
because your phrasing is very hard to follow at the moment

ok
please try to make sure that the questions you ask have all of the relevant details
\textbf{Updated Question Statement}:
\begin{tcolorbox}
Consider two paths in a plane composed of segments of equal length. Path $A$, consisting of $n_1$ segments, remains perfectly straight. Path $B$, consisting of $n_2$ segments, bends such that every interior angle between adjacent segments is a uniform value $X$. \
The endpoints of the longer path ($B$) coincide with the endpoints of the shorter straight path ($A$). The interior angles formed at the two points where these paths intersect are also uniform, denoted as $Y$. \
Given that $n_1$ and $n_2$ are positive integers such that $n_1 < n_2 < \infty$, and assuming Path $B$ does not intersect itself, determine the values of angles $X$ and $Y$ in terms of $n_1$ and $n_2$.
\end{tcolorbox}
Civil Service Pigeon
So is this what you meant
I don't feel like culling through the entire chat, so I'm just going to give my commentary from the start: \
Without loss of generality, assume that each segment has length $1$. Let the turning angle of path $B$ be $\alpha \coloneqq 180-X$. Because all of the interior angles of $B$ are equal, each step of the chain turns by the same amount $\alpha$. Since the two endpoint angles with the straight path $A$ are equal to $Y$, we have that
$$2Y=(n_2-1)\alpha \implies Y=\frac{n_2-1}{2} \alpha.$$
The distance between the endpoints is precisely $n_1$, so
$$n_1=\frac{\sin \left(\frac{n_2 \alpha}{2} \right)}{\sin \left(\frac{\alpha}{2} \right)}.$$
Equivalently, in terms of $X$ and $Y$,
$$n_1=\frac{\sin \left(\frac{n_2}{n_2-1} Y \right)}{\sin \left(\frac{Y}{n_2-1} \right)}, \qquad X=180^{\circ}-\frac{2Y}{n_2-1}.$$
However, except for very special cases (such as when you get a regular hexagon), the values are not "nice" and cannot be easily found in closed form because the equation is transcendental (the equation is not algebraic). In cases like this, you would normally resort to numeric approximation. If you have a decent starting guess, Newton's method works. You could also do bisection on $\alpha$ if you don't have a good initial guess since
$$\frac{\sin \left(\frac{n_2 \alpha}{2} \right)}{\sin \left(\frac{\alpha}{2} \right)}-n_1$$
has the relevant root in and is well-behaved on the interval $\alpha \in (0,2\pi/n_2)$ (note that the total curvature $n_2 \alpha$ must be less than $360^{\circ}$ for path $B$ to not intersect itself).
I should say that you can also write the answer in terms of the definition of the Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind: If you let $\theta \coloneqq \alpha/2$, then your equation becomes
$$U_{n_2-1} (\cos \theta)=n_1$$
meaning that your angle is determined by the real root $x \in (-1,1)$ of $U_{n_2-1}(x)=n_1$, and then $\alpha=2 \arccos x$.
Civil Service Pigeon
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whats the way to like "show" a function is a one-to-one function or not?
What did you try?
Think about x.
the way the textbook has us do it is to show: f(x) = f(y) and end up with x = y
Assume f(x1)=f(x2)->x1=x2
so if i end up with anything but x = y, the function is not one-to-one right?
Yeah.
Example : 3x_1+2=3x_2+3 -> x_1=x_2
x = x^2?
I made it clearer
Yes
just preference
Yes
Yes, you can use what you prefer.
wait. so is f(x) = 1/(x+3) one-to-one?
do the asymptotes mean anything?
bc i do get x = y, but is doesn't look right idk
Try it.
i did
And what did you get?
x=y
Its correct
yea, but idk it doesn't "feel" right bc of the asymptotes
,w graph 1/(x+3)
Graphically function one-to-one : it must pass the horizontal line test, intersecting only once.
doesn't it intersect at pos infinity and neg infinity?
so it has two intersections?
Infinity Is not a Number
No, because infinity it’s not a number.
i mean yea, but if it doesnt intersect the x axis then what do you mean by
For example, if we draw a horizontal line in the function, we would need to draw two to intersect both. That's another indication that it's one-to-one.
that makes more sense
To avoid a one-to-one interaction, you would need to be able to select two points on the graph.
bc it never equals 0, so a line drawn horizontally will never cross the "other side of the function"
Right.
that makes sense
Do you have more questions?
and now how would you show that: f(x) = x^n + x for n>0 is not one-to-one. would you state a case for n where it is not true, and hence it is not one-to-one for all n
because i dont believe showing f(x) = f(y) => x=y is possible for this question?
in general case for n rather than n = some constant
First, you should analyze the parity, since depending on the value of n, it would be either even or odd. Then you would give it an even value and you just need to calculate the counterexample.
If it's always increasing or decreasing ig
You will have two answers. Depending it's n pair or impair. Try it.
If it's continuous that is
If it's piecewise check the ranges of individual fxn
You'll always end up at x=y
But if you end up anything besides x=y, it's not one to one
In this case, try n=2 and n=1, for example, and see what happens.
Also it's also not a good way to do things
try doing this with f(x)= e^x+x
@wooden flare Has your question been resolved?
sorry, had to do a thing rq
Np, do you have more questions about that?
im going through it atm
if n=1, its oto. i assume if n=2 its not oto
for for n=2k+1, f(x) is oto, and for n=2k, f(x) is not oto
is my assumption, but ill see
hm, i mean. i still gotta prove it tho no?
so for n=2, i end up with: x(x+1) = y(y+1) how do i progress from here
You can, but you are right.
Try to factor (x^2k)-(y^2k)
Yes, factor and move to one side.
No what?
How did you reach this conclusion?
x^2 + x = y^2 + y ==> x^2 - y^2 = y - x
soo x^2 - y^2 -y + x = 0
also use completing the squares
ok ill try from here
But here it works either way
Yeah, when you have that, you can continue.
idk how do this with 2 variables...
how do i go about this?
It's not necessary for this example
i know how to CTS but with 2 variables idk what im doing
What's your general f(x)?
x^n + x
Just do it one at a time
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You can have on one side the letters with n and on the other the letters without.
✅ Original question: #help-39 message
Ok do you know x^n-y^n is always factorable by x-y?
so: x^2 + x = (x+1/2) ^2 - 1/4
yea
Even then it's just better to factor
...
Do you know differentiation?
yea
Ok so
If you differentiate a fxn
And the derivative is always greater than or equal to 0
OR
always less than or equal to 0
That's it.
... wha
Visualise
how do we come to this conclusion?
If a fxn is both increasing and decreasing
There has to be a point
Where the fxn went from increasing to decreasing
Do you get that idea?
a point of inflection right?
Critical point
or that
Yeah.
A function doesn't go from increasing to decreasing on an inflection point
Basically a minima or a maxima
so set f'(x) = 0?
hmm ok, lemme try
And see if it holds
If it does, you have an one to one
If it doesn't, it isn't a one to one
this looks harder to solve no? x^(n-1) >= -1/n
Nope
Take cases
When n is even or odd
What's the domain on n?
wait 1sec
Huh?
n {R\{0}}
It's in the set of real numbers?
I thought it was natural
cant it be any number?
What's given
Is it a self made question?
no
Can you show the original question?
x^3+x is definitely one to one what do they mean 🥀
Now it's clearly.
Tell the teacher it's wrong
yea it is wrong
like this textbook is cooked 😭
thats def not one-to-one (trust)
🥀
lemme check the answer rq
Also it becomes veryyy complicated if you take n in R
No, because if n=a non even it will be non.
Atleast at a starting level
😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
Oh.
Proof by proof
so would we just prove, if n is odd f(x) is oto, and if n is even f(x) is not oto
R+ \{0}
So you'd have to first see if it is rational or irrational
So {N}
more than likely yea
(x^27)^1/10
Yeah, it's a good option.
ive already shown for n=1, x=y. for n=2 im stuck on (x+1/2)^2 - (y+1/2)^2 = 0
Use difference of squares
oh yea that does work here
Good.
So if x+y=-1, the equality still holds, thus it is not one to one
since it has one case where its not oto, then the entire thing isnt oto right
Yes
It's really infinite cases
But yes
It it's even one
It's not
so thats for odd and even, now we extend it to general cases? if n=2k+1 and n=2k
or do we not need to do that in this case
It's not necessary because, if it fails in at least one case, it will be non-one-to-one.
that makes sense
Do you have more questions?
.close
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What step are you on?
1. I don't know where to begin.
2. I have begun but got stuck midway.
3. I got an answer but I was told that it's wrong.
4. I got an answer and would like my work checked.
5. I have a question about someone else's work/solution.
6. I have completed the problem and don't need help anymore. Thank you.
7. None of the above
This is a solved example from a textbook and i dont quite understand the solution given in the textbook
and i don't know where to begin
well since they're rationals, my approach would be to use that
although that might not help
without further context / book solution its hard for me to tell what you are or aren't allowed to use
think that any relation lets me reduce everything to degree <=1 forces x rational
the key fact is that { 1, p^(1/3),p^(2/3) } are linearly independent over Q
which followes from the minimal polynomial of p^(1/3)
since p is not a perfect cube
x^3-p is is irreducible over Q
if factored it would have a rational root
that sounds like very advanced math
thus some rational q with q^3=p which contradicts p not being a perfect cube
can u show the solution from the textbook?
This is the solution given in the textbook
so we need more context to determine what you're allowed to use or not
so you need to use viete's identities to solve this
sorry i am unfamiliar with those
that's what that solution looks like its using to me? maybe not
oh no its not, mb
I mean - I follow what the solution is doing, but are you stuck trying to understand it
or worried you wouldn't be able to come up with it on your own
Which bit don't you understand
so (1) is the og equation ,multiply through by p^(1/3) to get (2). so it's shifting each term up by one power
hen bx(1) - cx(2) is an elimination.it removes the p^(2/3) terms and leaves you with only p^(1/3) and rational numbers in equation (3)
since sine p^(1/3) is irrational the only way (3) holds is if both coefficients are 0 independently..so b^2 - ac =0 and ab = c^2p
i am not understading the solution
oh
which part
well now i do understand it
so we got
c^4p^2=a^2b^2=a^3c, if c!=0 you can divide through and get p^2=a^3/c^3, meaning p^(2/3)=a/c is rational, which forces p^(1/3) to be rational too
i think the b*(1) - c*(2) part was confusing me
but it is irrational, so every cofficient must have been 0?
so a contradiction since p isn't a perfect cube so c=0 & then the og equation collapses to a+bp^(1/3)=0 which immediately gives a=b=0 since p^(1/3) is irrational
they are equating coefficients on 2 sides of a polynomial equation
since the rhs is the 0 polynomial, all coefficients on the lhs must equal 0
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i need help understanding this task i have due
like what math i should apply
yes
i dont get the 25-30s bit?
and the "within the allowable ranges" part, what are the ranges?
So you find heights of infernos to find total distance travelled
no integration?
No i dont see anything that need integration
I havent done a method assignment ever, i did double specialist only
it says vertically up and down twice each, uh how am i supposed to do that? with like four different functions thata re going to differ
idk im really dumb at math ahhh
First you might need to find max height and min height
Note that 10% taller sth and 20% lower sth there
You could construct a function on desmos that starts at lowest point (lowest height?)
Go up twice, down twice? What does this suggest about polynomial structure? Quartic, cubic, or more?
Include that in function formula as well
It also reach highest peak (highest height) only once
And total time between 25 -30s, which indicates an interval
@tawdry charm Has your question been resolved?
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Question 3 pls
u dont need to calculate tough
!nosols
As a helper, please do not give out answers that could be copied as a homework solution. Have the student work through the problem themselves and guide them along the way.
What have you tried?
b3
do u have to calculate it
Uh no we use the Cartesian plane
cz if not just imagine the unit circle going 180 degrees to the left
like a pendelum
uhm
?
why do i get a different result
show ur work
Mines wrong
how did that turn to that?
they got the demoninator wrong i think
Yes I just realized
Tysm
Pls help me with question c
I found Ira angle but idk what else to do
nice bunny
have you solved (i)?
check if this matches
No
Won’t it be in the third quadrant?
The purpose of this server is to help you learn; please don't ask for direct answers. Ask for guidance, explanations, or feedback instead.
As a helper, please do not give out answers that could be copied as a homework solution. Have the student work through the problem themselves and guide them along the way.
for ii,
sin^2(180-theta) = sin^2 theta (identity)
and 1-sin^2 theta = cos^2 theta
and using i
cos theta = 2/rt 5
so cos^2 theta = 4/5
dude, guide her to the answer
since we are using pythagorus, we cannot expect it the length to be in negative
don't just show it at once
no problem man
I got 5
Oops wrong questions
So I put the values given in to cos and 1-sim^2
How do I do d2)
well sin^2(pi + theta) = cos^2(theta), and 1 - cos^(theta) = sin^2(theta)
okay let me see
yeah you did it correctly here
But it says 17
wait, you squared it, so it should be just -8 - 9
can you confirm if it's -17?
Yeah
yup, then this should do it
(-3)^2 becomes 9, so it's just -8 - 9, and not -8 - (-9)
Oh I did it wrong
Tysm
How do I do question f pls
god okay let me think properly
okay okay, so sin(alpha) is positive and lies in second or third quadrant, but sine is positive so we know it lies in second quadrant
similarly, cos(beta) is negative and lies in first or second quadrant, but cosine is negative so we know it lies in second quadrant too
so, alpha and beta are both in second quadrant
now, what is cos(pi + alpha)?
@crimson haven
ahhh, you can say cos(180 + alpha)
-cos
okay nice, so it's just -cos(alpha)
and tan(180 + beta) [hint : if you don't know it directly, convert it into sin/cos and then find it]
Positive tan
where they both are negative because alpha and beta are both in second quadrant, and cos and tan are negative in second quadrant
so yeah, just convert sin(alpha) into cos(alpha) {use the negative value of cos}, and convert cos(beta) into tan(beta) {use the negative value of tan, convert cos into sec, and then apply tan^(beta) = sqrt(sec^2(beta) - 1)}
don't we all sometimes
Tysm

.close
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How do we see invariant subspace in rotation?
invariant = doesn't change
i.e., after rotating it, the subspace stays the exact same
??
(0,0)?
it needs to be a 1 dimensional subspace
are there any other vectors, apart from the 0 vector, that are invariant under rotation
I guess there is none
correct!
a line which is rotated 90°
therefore how many 1 dimensional subspaces are there
0
?
Rotation when 180° or 360°
ah, yes
then there are indeed invariant subspaces, but notice that rotation by 360 is just the identity matrix
and rotation by 180 is the negative of the identity matrix
By 180° can we make any invariant subspaces?
R^2 is an invariant subspace
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wdym by wich
There sin and cos given
Idk if I’m to use the values
And how
can you simplify cos(180+alpha) and tan(180+beta)
<@&268886789983436800>
Oop
??? is that necessary
you have been given alpha and beta, not 180+alpha or 180+beta
no but it'll be easier to see
the point of the question is to surely use CAST to figure out the sign
/ correct quadrant
you're told sin a = 3/5
what quadrant must angle a be in?
given this information
1st or 2nd
yes
i mean that is what i mean by simplifying
2nd or third
yes but combining the 2 pieces of information together
Second
ok do the same for beta
1st
its in the 2nd quadrant
Ok
so they're both in the 2nd quadrant
Oki
that should then help you simplify the expression then.
if you add 180 degrees to an angle in the 2nd quadrant
which quadrant does it end up in
Third
Huh
adding 180 degrees is like going from 10 o clock to 4 o clock
on a clock
?
10 11 o clock are in the 2nd quadrant
4 5 o clock are in the 4th quadrant
My teacher taught as to start at 180 and add by one
Huh
Why are we adding 180
I still don’t get it
do you understand why i'm asking you which quadrant 180 + a is in?
or not.
you need to know in order to figure out whats the sign of cos(180 + a)
hm.. do you agree alpha lies in second quandrant, second quadrant starts from 90 degree and ends at 180 ?
I do
So first we establish where α and β are, because that gives us an idea about their sign
And then we want to establish where (α+180) and (β+180) are
Because +180 is just moving by two quadrants
Aka half a cycle
We know that the unit cycle has four quadrants, each quadrant has certain properties i.e cos and sin being positive/negative
That's usually the visual approach, it's also the easier to understand
||You can also think of it as cos (α+π) which should be an identity, but I suggest following the previous approach||
Try to draw a unit circle and plug random values of α and β that follow the condition, and then add 180°
One way to do that is to draw a line connecting that angle α or β with the center of the circle, and check where it intersects with the other side
The thing is
Is don’t understand moving by 180
It’s different to what I was taught
what do you not understand?
again can you answer this?
Yes
But what I mean is that my teach made as start from 180
And move forward once
So I’d move form the second to the third quadrant
(from the first quadrant)
Yes that's just a clarification of what moving 180° means, regardless of where your initial angle is
So in this example, α was in the 1st quadrant, we can see that (α+180) is in the 3rd quadrant
Clear enough?
We were told to compute for α+180, so we looked into it
Very good
It moved backwards
aka if theta is in quadrant 1
Quadrant 1 θ
But what if θ is not in the first quadrant?
How can we adjust
@crimson haven I think a good way to go about this is: try to think why this was made
Ok
Why theta +180 was there
And why theta - 180
Oh and remember that those are just degrees, and that adding a degree is basically a rotation
For these my teacher makes as start on the lines
So adding 180 is just turning around
theta is acute, so it lies between [0,90] if you add 180 + theta it will range from 180 +0 <= 180 +theta<= 180+ 90
180<= 180+theta <=270 which you can see is the 3rd quadrant
consider case where theta is >90 but < 180
as you can see the bounds change again and you moveto the 4th qyadrant
180 + 90 < 180 +theta< 180+180
270 <180 +theta< 360
Is that a Ute a right angle?
UTE?
acute
acute angle means theta lie in 1st quadrant or 0< theta < 90
Ok
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is this an A-level paper by any chance?
yes
this is the only question in this paper that i didnt understand
and its 3 marks
is this normal or futher? which exam board?
edexcel normal
ah
apply that the line l passes through the origin
use the non-derivative way to get the slope
to show something is the solution i suppose u need the factor theorem?
no
wdym? like y1 - y2 / x1 - x2 ?
using P and 0,0?
yes
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I asked the question yesterday but i went to market
How do I find the congruent circles radius?
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
for circle i can see
tan(theta/2)=r/a
tan(theta/2)=r/(25-x-2r)
I don't know why i am thinking about this angle
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im finding expectation given a geometric distribution, and i got my hands on a summation of a^x/x. how do i proceed?
im unsure what limits to put into the highlighted part if i int wrt x, or if i just use t instead then after swapping int and sum idk how to change the limits of summation to fit the needs of sth thats written wrt t
I recommend you use that identity: $$\frac{1}{x+1} = \int_0^1 t^x , dt$$
Ga³¹Br³⁵I⁵³9000✞
@safe prairie Has your question been resolved?
so now its this
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✅ Original question: #help-39 message
i dont know how to swap summation and integral in this form
well idk even in the form of sum(int(x dx)) neither when it comes to the integration limits but thats for later
Yeah, do you have any ideas how to continue?
no
first one looks like typical geometric sequence but i cant use it
cuz id need to separate the front part from the back then
The objective is have: $\sum r^n$
Ga³¹Br³⁵I⁵³9000✞
Right?
if this happens itd be nice but idk if thats what we are looking for
Yeah, because we can apply the sumatory distributive.
idk what that is
taking out a constant?
to take out a constant id need a - or + to appear in my summation
Yes, it is.
alternately you can sub (1-p) = u then use the taylor series for ln(1-u) change the index for n = x+1
wait no by then itd have already been separated
Yes you can use that.
should i have remembered the taylor series form for lnx then
i never remembered any
not really
you can use the way they suggested
i dont understand their way yet
You can apply that if you don't want the Taylor serie.
$$\frac{1}{x+1} = \int_0^1 t^x , dt$$
Ga³¹Br³⁵I⁵³9000✞
what i meant to say is idk how to proceed after this
Ok.
You can move the integral out and the sum inside.
whereas here i think i make the mistake of assuming its power rule but its actually int a^x instead
Yes, it's correct.
like this?
Exactly, it is the exchange property.
how does that work
the mess i put before int is not a constant
wait i should check my work again
i got here, which is cleaner then my first photos i think
but with taylor series i got this what i think should be a final answer
anyways i dont know how to adjust the bounds of the operators
deepseek says this is close except its -lnp so i guess i got it
my devices are running low on battery so i think ill stop working for now but i still wanna hear how this works on my phone
this does not feel right what happened here?
Np.
I think you missed a negative sign in Taylor.
Subject is (1-p) instead of t
Or must I use t to make swapping possible
Yeah.
this is the expansion of ln(1-x) what you have is -ln(1-(1-p))
Do you see it better now?
No cuz even if it’s t the summation concerns x instead
ok, no it will work if you dont take t
So it’s fine
But still from double int I learnt that swapping order means redefining bounds
Uh afk
Yes, it's fine.
hm.. i do not know multivariable calculus much lol i step back
sorry
cuz at this stage int wrt t and sum wrt x does feel like two unknowns
so how would redefining bounds work in this context?
Here it's not necessary since x and t are totally independent. Right?
oh alr
Do you understand better?
better now
my first mistake is making int t^x wrt x instead of wrt t, and swapping like this doesnt need to change bounds
Exactly.
but last question, now ik sum(int(x)dx)) can be swapped, what about sum(x int(x)dx))?
To be valid, the x that is outside the integral must be treated as a constant by the integral.
Do you have more questions?
sounds confusing
sum(t int(x dx)wrt t) works, but sum(x int(x dx)wrt x) doesnt?
Yes, because the order.
Maybe sumt(t int(x dx)) is clearer, so this can become int(t sumt(x)dx)??
Then sumt(x) just multiplies x by range of t, and int whatever dx would look off
Then looks like it’s still impossible
The sum cannot depend on the same variable as the integral.
I recommend you use the x for the sum and t for the integral.
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What have you done
im about to post the same gif
Ohh sorry
We need to know what he up to yet
Thank you
you good im jk
I'll use the Pythagorean theorem to do this
So far I've found the volume of the top cone
AD² = 3 -> AD √3cm
No no
That would make it lengthy
You see, finding the area of the rest of stuff will be complex
I'd say you're better off doing this
First find the initial volume of the cone (before stuff was removed). I believe you can do that. Then, find the volume of the cylinder removed. Now,
Final volume = initial volume - volume of cylinder
No he did correct, he got AD
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Oh did he? Well mb then
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A person has 6 friends and during a certain vacation he met them during several dinners. He found that he dined with all 6 exactly on one day, with every 5 of them on 2 days, with every 4 of them on 3 days, with every 3 of them on 4 days, with every 2 on 5 days. Further every friend was present at 7 dinners and every friend was absent at 7 dinners. The number of dinner he had alone is equal to?
What do you think? What have you done?
!status
What step are you on?
1. I don't know where to begin.
2. I have begun but got stuck midway.
3. I got an answer but I was told that it's wrong.
4. I got an answer and would like my work checked.
5. I have a question about someone else's work/solution.
6. I have completed the problem and don't need help anymore. Thank you.
7. None of the above
Let N be total number of dinner
Sk is sum of the number of days he dined with a specific combination of k friends
no i think number of dinners is given in question i just know what it may be
but sure okay
The number of ways to choose k friends from 6 is 6ck right
hm
But 6 friends
@sterile python i appreciate it but please stick to 1-2channel at a time else other helpers might assume you are currenty helping me
I am bro
K sorry then
So you need at least 2 friends to dine with
no only 1 is also fine
So you take 6C6+6c5+...6c2 is total of ways to find k
you are underestimitating his power
N=7+7 where absent and present meals
okay and?
Now find s1
wait are you sure abut this tho
yeah
And absent in 7.
I thought you were @rigid mist
but that doesnt mean there cant be more righ?
oh wait nvm yeah okay go on
Then use Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion
ik thqt dude but sry not him
confusing wording he dines with every 5 on 2days so with all set of 5 people on 2days or what how many times is he dining
doesnt come out
You are the good yajat dw
tried this
Try
I tried
And what did you get?
P=S1-s2+s3 -s4+s5-s6
Correct
yeah butanswer isnt 1
yeak ikr
It's right.
Then idk theoretically its 1
Yeah I calculated and it is.
?
i don't get it
Get what
like i can assume 2 days includes the 6-friends day, so there was only one day where he met 5 specific people
it still means some person went to 6 dinners already
how can it add up to 7
Can you send us your process?
It can be clearly to see what happened.
yeah gimme a sec to type it out in notes using latex it
hmmm, every 5? exactly 5 or just 5?
if it's not exactly 5
Then when you meet all 6 of them you also meet 5 of them and that's counted as 1
it's just nonsensical
Let At,t=1,2,3,4,5,6 be the set of days on which the friend is present at dinner & Bt be the set of days on which friend is absent at dinner
Then
|At|=|Bt|=7
Also
∣∣Ai∩Aj∣∣=5,∣∣Ai∩Aj∩Ak∣∣=4∣∣Ai∩Aj∩Ak∩Aℓ∣∣=3,∣∣Ai∩Aj∩Ak∩Aℓ∩Am∣∣=2
& |A1∩A2∩A3∩A4∩A5∩A6|=1
Where i,j,k,ℓ,m vary from 1 to 6& distinct number of days/dinners at which at least one friend was present =|A1∪A2∪A3∪A4∪A5∪A6|
∑|Ai|−∑∣∣Ai∩Aj∣∣+∑∣∣Ai∩Aj∩Ak∣∣−∑∣∣Ai∩Aj∩Ak∩Aℓ∣∣+∑∣∣Ai∩Aj∩Ak∩Am∣∣−∣A1∩A2∩…..=6C1×7−6C2×5+6C3×4−6C4×3+6C5×2−6C6×1=13
Total number of dinners =|At|+|Bt|=14
Aw frick
one sec lemme find a latex software
Yeah, better.
oh wait so
with every 4 of them on 3 days is just covered already we ignore that
i don;t get it anyway
sorry could you not curse😅
Skibidi
Tryna keepit family friendlu,y
It's correct.
😭😭
What do you not understand?
Sorry?
i don't understand anything
What's your question about the problem?
Nothing, I was thinking.
I sunk at thinking