#unix

1 messages · Page 23 of 1

plain bramble
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you can browse through systemctl --all

main olive
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says here I got 5 persistent disks

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ooh

plain bramble
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You can try newer or more light-weight kernels too

main olive
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seems like it loads a lot of services.. it makes sense it takes so long

radiant gust
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is this your physical machine or from a vendor

main olive
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it's my machine but I connect remotely

unborn vapor
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why is this called #unix ? Don't most people use Linux? Linux was inspired by Unix, but they aren't the same software, so what gives here? I don't see a #linux

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is the server owner confused??

green fog
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Unix refers to all "Unix like" systems as well

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Unix includes Linux kind of and macOS

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Unix (; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, development starting in the 1970s at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.Initially intended for use in...

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Unix (/ˈjuːnɪks/; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, development starting in the 1970s at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.[3]

bleak meadow
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heh

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i have 2 schoolkids sitting next to me at work with a raspberry with raspbian

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i gave them the task to set a random wallpaper

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showed them the archlinux wiki, told them about feh and openbox

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and they are down the rabbithole

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i'm seeing them looking at the conky page

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man'ing it up

main olive
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lol

strange bobcat
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why does sort not work properly on this text file?

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475.66
0 20 1 6 13 7 8 19 21 22 5 17 11 16 10 28 4 25 9 23 18 3 24 14 29 26 2 27 15 12 
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after running sort with -o and -g

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i get

0 20 1 6 13 7 8 19 21 22 5 17 11 16 10 28 4 25 9 23 18 3 24 14 29 26 2 27 15 12 
475.66
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i would expect the first line to be sorted too

cold pagoda
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How are you sorting it?

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If you're just sorting the lines, then it won't try to sort within the lines itself

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The lines will be compared on lexicographical order as well, not the numeric values, since they're probably strings

strange bobcat
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well im using -g flag

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i want to sort lines and sort by lines

cold pagoda
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Oh, you're not using Python to sort the files

strange bobcat
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nah 😄

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im using unix sort

cold pagoda
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Will that not just sort the lines of the file? Not the text within a line? I'm not on linux right now, so i can't check myself

strange bobcat
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yeah it sorts only the lines

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but i want to sort the text within a line too

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i think it detects if there are newlines and sorts by lines

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i think if there are no newlines then it sorts whitespace delimited

worn apex
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if there are no newlines it's just one line

strange bobcat
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i only want to sort lines

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i want to sort data within the lines

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is there a way to do this with sort?

worn apex
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you could use sed, awk, or tr, to break it into lines, sort, then rejoin the lines

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if you also want more than one line, you have a bigger problem though

strange bobcat
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yeah I want more than one line :\

worn apex
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do you want the lines sorted too, or just each line sorted separately

strange bobcat
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just each line sorted separately

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i mean if i want the lines sorted i could rerun sort like i do now

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sorting each line is more critical

worn apex
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anyway it'd probably be easiest to write a python script - sort is good for large datasets, but not flexible enough to do what you're trying to do

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(and if your dataset fits on one line it's probably not that large - you can do this one line at a time if the file is large)

main olive
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Is there a .jar file that could install python

oak shell
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why jar, of all things? GWchadThinkeyes

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jar is a java archive. Python is its own language, and the standard interpreter is written in C mainly (CPython).

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There is Jython, a Python interpreter implementation in Java, but that project is basically dead, I believe.

main olive
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any mac users know how to use pyinstaller on mac, please ping me!

main olive
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:O

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why aren;t you able to install it.. any error?

main olive
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whats the equivalent of touch in python

oak shell
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p = pathlib.Path("...") ; p.touch() maybe?

undone pulsar
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@deft raft Do you have wpa_supplicant installed

deft raft
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Idk

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First time using anything linux like properly besides rasbian, and its a fresh install without internet

undone pulsar
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Like open a terminal and run wpa_supplicant --help

deft raft
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Seems so

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Its an edoram wifi, btw.

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Edoroam*

vestal turret
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That differs slightly per school aswell it seems.

undone pulsar
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oh hm

deft raft
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Mm

vestal turret
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Not to long ago I was at one that required you to install a cert aswell.

deft raft
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I read their wiki, claims i should not need a cert

undone pulsar
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Okay so looks like you need to make a file in /etc/wpa_supplicant with

network={
    ssid="eduroam"
    scan_ssid=1
    key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
    eap=TTLS
    anonymous_identity="anonymous@ox.ac.uk"
    # adjust the following CA line as required to match your filename
    ca_cert="/etc/ssl/certs/AddTrust_External_Root.pem"
    phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2"
    # in the following line, replace <username> with your University Remote Access account username, without angle brackets
    # Remote access account is described at http://www.oucs.ox.ac.uk/network/remote/ 
    # (not your SSO). Append @OX.AC.UK after your username so
    # that eduroam knowns the authentication home site
    identity="<username>@ox.ac.uk"
    # in the following line, replace <password> with your University Remote Access account password, without angle brackets
    password="<password>"
}
deft raft
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But for my uni then.

undone pulsar
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yeah with the <things> edited

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Then find out what your wifi device is called with ip link list, it'll usually be something like wlan0 or wlp2s0

deft raft
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What text editors ship with majaro

vestal turret
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What version did you get?

deft raft
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Most common recommendef one

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Stable

vestal turret
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Gnome?

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KDE?

deft raft
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Some weird mix of 4 letters

vestal turret
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xfce

deft raft
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Yes

vestal turret
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Mousepad iirc

deft raft
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Thats a texteditor?

undone pulsar
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leafpad is probably installed

deft raft
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Interesting names.

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Kk lemme try to fill this out rq

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Im not able to save grumpchib

vestal turret
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Do you have root?

deft raft
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Probably?

undone pulsar
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Start it with sudo leafpad if you're in the terminal

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sudo nano would probably be easier since you're going to need to run commands in the terminal anyway

deft raft
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Got that part going

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I ran wpasup like they instructed. But missing driver madwifi

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Or actually, ath0: unsupported driver madwifi

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Oh hey its me

undone pulsar
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oh huh

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ip link list gave you 2: madwifi:?

deft raft
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Oh i didnt do that

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I followed my unis wiki

undone pulsar
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oh right

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yeah I'm not sure what madwifi is

deft raft
undone pulsar
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okay

vestal turret
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Starting with the linux kernel 2.6.14, madwifi and wpa_supplicant can communicate using
wpa_supplicant's ”wext” driver using the kernel's “wireless extensions”.
For older kernel versions, you will need wpa_supplicant's ”madwifi” driver```
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That's really old

deft raft
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Whelp, doesnt surprise me

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The cert dl link 404d me aswell

undone pulsar
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What do you get when running sudo wpa_supplicant -B -i wlo1 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/that_file_you_made

deft raft
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Oh i did not put it inside wpasupp

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But same level

undone pulsar
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WLO1 lowercase

deft raft
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Oh

vestal turret
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Is there already another wpa_supplicant process running?

deft raft
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How do i check

vestal turret
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sudo killall wpa_supplicant

deft raft
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It successfully ran

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But now there are no available wifis to connect to

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Device not ready it says

undone pulsar
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Also what does systemctl list-unit-files --type=service | grep NetworkManager give you

vestal turret
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I don't know what it is eduroam does. But at most schools it seems to be a problem with unix systems.

deft raft
undone pulsar
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ah

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hmmm, I'm not sure what manjaro uses for wifi

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maybe someone more experienced with it will be able to help out

deft raft
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Guess ill postpone this till im home with a cable then

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Thanks anyways

vestal turret
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You could always usb tether your phone

robust cave
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do you not have wifi-menu?

deft raft
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I did have a gui for wifi

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If thats the thing

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Im on foot to my lecture atm so cant check

deft raft
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I'm back on a fresh install, cause .. I'm booting of a usb

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My wifi is running a iwlwifi driver

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from what I can tell

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When i try to connect with my username/pass through the gui i get
Authentication required by Wi-Fi network
Passwords or encryption keys are required to access the Wi-Fi network "eduroam"

cold pagoda
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Eduroam? Our University networks are called that here. It's a shared auth thing with a lot of Universities participating

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I always need to remember to log in with an alternative username [username]@institute.tld

deft raft
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Yes, we do that too

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i did provide those

grave jolt
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you might be dealing with an 'enterprise' authentication system or like kerberos.

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looks like some possible spec names are: WPA2 Enterprise, PEAP, RADIUS

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if you can figure out which one they use, we can help figure out the settings/extra software needed for it @deft raft

deft raft
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Enterprise would make sense

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as its what it defaulted to as well when i oped the wifi gui

grave jolt
deft raft
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I can't really try it until tomorrow either as i've gone home

grave jolt
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so while i dont know anything about your school, you might need that info or we will have to see if there is a way to make it query it

deft raft
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Huh, did a google search to find the wiki i was on earlier

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Seems a bit more.. up to date?

grave jolt
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their symptom was that it kept asking for a password

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and they talk about eduroam specifically

deft raft
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but does it apply to manjaro '?

grave jolt
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its likely an upstream issue with network manager, reading over this

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so prob

deft raft
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Also this was reported in 2013 yert

grave jolt
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yeah i think its that linux by default refuses to connect to an older tls version without explicit permission

deft raft
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¯_(ツ)_/¯

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Guess well see tomorrow

grave jolt
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either via a trusted cert or a config setting

fervent vortex
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i cant for the life of me figure out how to get mysqlclient to install on ubuntu for python3
https://github.com/PyMySQL/mysqlclient-python#install
i have python3-dev and default-libmysqlclient-dev but running a python shell and importing MySQLdb gives me an error saying that the module couldnt be found

main olive
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@fervent vortex doesn't pip have it

fervent vortex
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yeah but i was looking to install it system wide

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it would be more convenient to manage for me

main olive
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what does sigterm do.. and where is it from

robust cave
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SIGTERM stands for Signal Termination, it's a Signal sent by the system to a process or a bunch of processes to request it's Termination. It can be caught by the process itself, so the process can do custom functions (save state, free resources) before exiting nicely

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does that answer your question? @main olive

main olive
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sorry for the late reply.. my mac locked out my keyboard lol

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I understand this much.. trying to figure out why my python env is being killed..

radiant gust
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are you doing something memory intensive?

main olive
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for the keyboard?

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hmm I'm thinking it might be a network issue..

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I launched a python env in my instance.. then ssh'd into it while it was still connected..

radiant gust
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might need a bit more info because i really dont know what your situation is

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i was thinking your program might have been using too much memory and it was reaped by the kernel

main olive
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Hi, I have a question:

#
Device: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Device Descriptor:
  bLength                18
  bDescriptorType         1
  bcdUSB               2.00
  bDeviceClass            9 Hub
  bDeviceSubClass         0 Unused
  bDeviceProtocol         1 Single TT
  bMaxPacketSize0        64
  idVendor           0x1d6b Linux Foundation
  idProduct          0x0002 2.0 root hub
  bcdDevice            4.15
  iManufacturer           3 Linux 4.15.0-42-generic xhci-hcd
  iProduct                2 xHCI Host Controller
#

is this usb 2.0 or 3.0?

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I found informations that if there is xHCI that means USB 3.0, but bcdUSB says 2.0 and there is 2.0 root hub in device description

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This is also information about this same device:
Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/12p, 480M

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480M suggests that it is USB 2.0, but I can't check it, becouse it is USB type-c port

robust cave
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2.0 root hub USB 2.0

worn apex
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I thought type C had to be USB 3

warped nimbus
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That's a common misconception

vestal turret
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So USB Type-C may or may not support:
USB PD 19V 5A charging
USB 2.0 speeds
USB 3.0/3.1 Gen 1/3.2 Gen 1 speeds
USB 3.1 Gen 2/USB 3.2 Gen 2 speeds
USB 3.2 2x2 speeds
Displayport
Thunderbolt 3
VirtualLink
Audio Adapter Accessory Mode
MHL
HDMI```
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from buildapc discord

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type c is a bit of a mess

warped nimbus
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USB is a mess

radiant gust
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jeb is a mess

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very low energy

vapid depot
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Naming schemes are stupid

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Thunderbolt x looks like the next gen thing we should be switching to

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Better then usb in every way

main olive
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Hey guys.

vestal turret
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Hello

weary canyon
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can i not ssh tunnel onto a port which is already in use? i was able to do it for the rethinkdb UI but not on the coder VS Coder instance🤔

oak shell
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you can not bind to an already used port, i.e. if you use -L to listen on your localhost and forward requests through the tunnel to anything reachable from the server, your local port must not be used yet

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but the remote port you forward requests to can of course be used already - it should even, otherwise nothing will respond

cedar matrix
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hi! i get this is a bit weird but does anyone know how to setup the tor proxy for all apps? ive tried torsocks but it wont open certain apps e.g discord?

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im on ubuntu 18.04 LTS btw

full oriole
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What do flags do in a terminal command? (I've looked around for an answer I understand but cannot find it.)

robust cave
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flags are arguments passed to the command to alter/modify the output/usage of the command

full oriole
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Okay. Thanks @robust cave

radiant gust
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@cedar matrix maybe you want whonix

main olive
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if I have a multiline command

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is there a way to echo from a text file..rather than typing line by line from the shell.. or using an editor from within shell

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I like my external editor better

sharp shell
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could write a bash script maybe

main olive
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oki

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woo it worked

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what is the difference between echo $cmd and eval $cmd

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like im trying to copy some files from a location

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is there a way to restrict copying of only some filenames..

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maybe I just use python hmm

robust cave
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copying of only some filenames? so glob?

main olive
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yep.. that's what I did:)

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wow.. I need to manage time better

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taking forever between problems

bleak meadow
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well, echo is just what it sounds like, echoing some symbols

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eval is evaluation the symbols

main olive
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who tagged 🔫

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(╯°□°)╯︵ ┻━┻

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😡

cold pagoda
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Okay, calm down. What's up with the aggression?

main olive
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I wasjoking lol

cold pagoda
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Pointing guns, combined with flipping tables and angry faces is not okay

main olive
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ono

main olive
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wait a minute..

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I put that table back..

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who deleted it..

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someone deleted the table i'm not crazy..

cold pagoda
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@main olive I don't know who deleted it, but going by your description, it was probably completely off-topic to this channel.

quasi slate
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Hi guys I need some crontab help
I have a cronjob set up to run a python script on reboot. I used

ps -ef | grep python and got the following output

pi         443   438  0 18:32 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python3.5 /home/pi/Desktop/stuff.py
pi         969   917  0 18:48 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto python
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Can I assume that there is a single instance or is that 2 instances?

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it seems the first entry is the parent of the 2nd entry

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I'm just not sure if it's actual 2 parallel running scripts or a single one

grave jolt
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the first one is the sh process, the second one is the python process

clear zodiac
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I don't know if it's a good place to ask here but I have two drives, one with linux and one that has windows. I am unable to access the rest of the drive via command line unless if I open up an application like nemo and click the drives and such

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Is there a way to do this from command line

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🖕 pwd
/media/ouji
🖕 ls
🖕

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This is a sample output when I'm in the drive location

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once I open nemo and click both drives I see:

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🖕 58D2433BD2431C9E 9CB88C1CB88BF356

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those being my drives

grave jolt
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so this is because stuff like gnome or whatever desktop environment you have is mounting it for you when you access the drives via their gui

clear zodiac
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Should I be mounting them into a location or?

grave jolt
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you can set up fstab to mount that drive on boot

clear zodiac
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Okay

grave jolt
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i dont remember the syntax off the top of my head, but youll want to use partition type ntfs and set it to auto mount

clear zodiac
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Where should I mount them?

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do I mount in mnt or just use media?

grave jolt
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i usually do something like /media/drivename eg /media/windows_c

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linux always expects /media to have multiple sub directories that are each a different partition so its a good place to do it

clear zodiac
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Okay, then generally, what do people use the /mnt/ directory for?

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This article seems to place the mounts in /mnt

grave jolt
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its for a single drive iirc , its for you to temp mount something as needed

clear zodiac
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Ah

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But your solution is more permanent/ reg use

grave jolt
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so /mnt is for the sysadmin to do work on the computer or temp mount a cd or usb drive

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its basically not used much

clear zodiac
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what package is fstab part of?

grave jolt
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its a core part of linux in general. its in /etc/fstab

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it has a special syntax but every init system should run something to parse it for you as needed

clear zodiac
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I can't find it

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Is is just a file?

grave jolt
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yea

clear zodiac
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Do I just add in the other drives?

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Also, is there a safer way to edit fstab or are you just supposed to text editor it

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Does this seem right?

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UUID=9CB88C1CB88BF356 /media/WINDOWS_C_DRIVE/ ntfs

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for formatting?

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@grave jolt

grave jolt
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you need the options too

clear zodiac
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what should I have?

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default?

grave jolt
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eg
/dev/sda3 /media/windows ntfs defaults 0 0

clear zodiac
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you can just use /dev/sdaX?

grave jolt
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though you can use UUID instead of a drive path

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yea

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uuid is more reliable

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its the actual partition id and if your drive order changes it continues to work

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the drive path fails if your drive order changes

clear zodiac
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Do I have to do anything else?

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If I edited fstab?

grave jolt
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well next you gotta make the system mount it
you can do mount /media/WINDOWS_C_DRIVE/ to test it
and if it works it should work on reboot

clear zodiac
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Almost fucked it up

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have to have the ol username in there

grave jolt
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yeah you might need to specify what user has access to it once mounted, since windows partitions dont have the same user ids as your linux install

clear zodiac
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It refused to mount becuase window is hibernating

grave jolt
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oh rip i remember that being annoying to clear

clear zodiac
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I probably just have to boot in and not restart when I want to get to linux but instead shut down

grave jolt
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yea

clear zodiac
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Could that be it?

grave jolt
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and make sure windows doesnt do some weird hybrid sleep thing instead of shutdown

clear zodiac
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Okay

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Cya in a bit

grave jolt
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psure it can choose to hibernate INSTEAD of shutting down depending on your settings

clear zodiac
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Got it working

grave jolt
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nice

white inlet
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does python xlib play nice with other window managers?

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i'm trying to make window decorations in xlib for i3

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so i want to create a qt window that has butytons on spawn of a window

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however, i get X protocol error: <class 'Xlib.error.BadAccess'>: code = 10, resource_id = 323, sequence_number = 15, major_opcode = 2, minor_opcode = 0

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so idk

clear zodiac
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The partition does seem to be read only still

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@grave jolt

grave jolt
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you might need ntfs-3g or whatever the package is called in order to write to ntfs on your distro

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your distros documentation should have a bit more info about mounting ntfs

clear zodiac
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when I run sudo ntfsfix /dev/sda4 I see that windows is hibernated

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Is there a setting or something that is making this difficult

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my pc was off moments ago

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I imagine that shouldn't made the windows shut down

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got it

deft raft
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How would i permenantly disable the bios speaker from going doot doot every time i press backspace one too many times or search for something that doesn't exist.

oak shell
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sorry.

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Is this everywhere or just specific applications/terminal?

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Check if the system sound settings have anything regarding alert sounds that you can disable

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If terminal, there might be a setting to disable the terminal bell in its configuration

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Otherwise, you can e.g. blacklist the pcspkr kernel module if it is actually loaded

deft raft
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Actually, I can't seem to find any sounds?

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Lemme confirm that rq

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Not the case I do have sounds, and my computer nearly choked from opening youtube. So that was fun

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It's not when i press backspace in discord, but appears if i cant find a match searching in firefox (ctrl + f) and when i backspace in the file search

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I am also on Manjaro-xfce, can't find any rc.local file in /etc

oak shell
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don't make the rmmod script

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blacklist it properly

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$ grep -B2 pcspkr /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf 
# ugly and loud noise, getting on everyone's nerves; this should be done by a
# nice pulseaudio bing (Ubuntu: #77010)
blacklist pcspkr
#

Ubuntu has this in its modprobe configs

deft raft
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No such file

oak shell
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idk how arch exactly handles blacklisting

deft raft
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would # echo "blacklist pcspkr" > /etc/modprobe.d/nobeep.conf work?

oak shell
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they even use the beeper disabling as example to show how blacklisting works 😄

deft raft
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lol

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Neat

oak shell
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and yes, if that is a root shell it should work

deft raft
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\n is a newline when echoing right

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If i wanted to plonk a comment in there

oak shell
#

only with echo -e

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just use a goddamn editor if you want anything complex tho

deft raft
#

My mui terminul

oak shell
#

nano

deft raft
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i dont think i have nano 🤔

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nvm

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it was vim i didnt have

oak shell
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🤔

#

whatever

deft raft
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Now to google how to exit nano

oak shell
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🤦

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it says so at the bottom of your screen

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ctrl+x

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it will ask you to save then

deft raft
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Oh~

oak shell
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this isn't vim ffs, quitting is trivial yoj

deft raft
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Yeah i figured, had a restart and it all works

oak shell
#

👍

deft raft
#

No more doots

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Thank god @oak shell

oak shell
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I'll gladly accept that title, if you insist.

undone pulsar
#

Is it possible to change xterm's colours depending on processes running inside it?

grave jolt
#

urxvt can do that prob way easier but your shell is likely a good place to do it if you just want to change like the bg

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cause xterm prob just sees the shell itself

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but urxvt has indepth scripting

undone pulsar
#

oh cool

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I'll give it a look

grave jolt
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if your program sets the terminal title then it should be really easy with urxvt

deft raft
#

Any idea why my keymap has ø and æ swapped?

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Every other key seems correct, but those are switched compared to what's printed on my keyboards. (Norwegian)

main olive
#

Danish has them swapped like that

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Check your keyboard layout settings

#

And check if your keyboards æ is to the right of your ø

deft raft
#

It is, but they keyboard layout says NO-nn or something?

main olive
#

Is there a NO-nb?

deft raft
#

Should be, I believe i have both on the machine

sturdy swan
#

If anyone knows how to use Supervisor in Unix let me know

arctic olive
#

hello

#

is anyone who aware of debian/buntu preseed file, why to use it instead of basic shell script?

grave jolt
#

because its way easier to use the config file format designed for the installer than to try to figure out how to insert text in to an installer or hook in to its internal private methods
using the config file will be easier to maintain long term as the installer changes between releases
there are also standard tools and techniques for deploying the config file to make automated installs faster, eg pxeboot / custom cd images

#

its similar to using ansible/puppet etc over ssh + shell scripts, it gives you access to a stable environment and a widely supported ecosystem

main olive
#

Hey, so how would i use sudo to install a module with pip to the user directory?

#

Would sudo -H pip install -U pandas work?

oak shell
#

no, just pip install --user pandas, no sudo

main olive
#

i'll try it

#

what does the -m bit of python3 -m pip install x actually mean?

vestal turret
#

that you are running it as a module

main olive
#

ahh i see

sullen lynx
#

can anyone help me out with the above error

oak shell
#

find the line that configures this repo in /etc/apt/sources.list or any file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ and change that part

sullen lynx
#

@oak shell 👍🏻 that worked, thanks

oak shell
#

you're welcome 😃

gritty bobcat
#

So I've been trying for hours now, with help from Mr.Hemlock, and he had to go, he pointed me here, so I'll summarise#

#

I am trying to get pip to install modules to python 3.7 but they're installing into python 3.5.3 and I'm on raspbian on a raspberry pi

plain bramble
#

so when you call python3.7 -m pip install <module> they actually are installed to 3.5.3?

#

or does only your python3 point to python3.5.3 and not your python3.7?

gritty bobcat
#

Yeah, everything's installed to 3.5.3

#

With pip

#

Please ping me

gritty bobcat
#

Do you have any suggestions on what to do, I'm really lost

#

@oak shell *

oak shell
#

only what GunShip already suggested 🤷

gritty bobcat
#

Somebody help me

plain bramble
#

@gritty bobcat can you tell me the output of python3 -V and set?

gritty bobcat
#

Frick my life

#

Does anyone know why Raspberry pi's go into a logg in loop?

#

I type my password in and then I get a black screen and right back into the log in page

plain bramble
#

What OS are you using? Raspian?

gritty bobcat
#

Yeah

plain bramble
#

I'm not sure if it uses lightdm, I have to check

gritty bobcat
#

Raspbian from NOOBS

plain bramble
#

can you at least use <ctrl>-<shift>-<F1>?

gritty bobcat
#

Stuck at this screen

plain bramble
#

Yeah could be a lightdm-gtk-greeter, screen

gritty bobcat
#

What does that mean exactly? :D

plain bramble
#

That it is possible that lightdm has a problem from time to time with it's xorgconf thingy

#

especially if it hasn't been run properly ( or killed )

gritty bobcat
#

What can I do to remedy it?

plain bramble
#

If you can't login, you need to have to use the terminal

#

There you should still be able to login

gritty bobcat
#

Right, how do I do that? :D

plain bramble
#

if you press the key combination from above, you should get a black terminal, if not please try to press all the at once (from F1 to F7)

#

and tell me if you get one

gritty bobcat
#

None worked ):

plain bramble
#

give me a second, maybe I have a raspian here somewhere

gritty bobcat
#

Everyone here is so nice ❤

plain bramble
#

ok it's booting now

#

you boot directly into the raspbian login screen, right?

#

@gritty bobcat and do you have anything important on the raspiberry (data wise)?

gritty bobcat
#

I mean

#

I could restart, but I've been trying to get discord.py working on it for hours, so I could do that

#

Pip just never seems to use 3.7, which is my original problem,

#

I'm trying to use it to run a discord bot

#

Ok, Imma reload NOOBS and get Raspbian on it again

plain bramble
#

I just say that because I often de-installed the UI and it may be easier to just do it once more if you really can't access not even a single terminal.

gritty bobcat
#

Ok, I'm copying it over

#

All I need is python 3.7 that has "requests", "MySQL Connector" and "discord.py" and I'll be all golden

plain bramble
#

Otherwise I have this script to potentially fix the lightdm problem

#!/bin/bash

# This "package (single-file)" will fix the problem, that you may be unable
# to login after the lightdm-gtk-greeter. This may be caused after a corrupt
# lightdm-close.

MESSAGE_PREFIX="INFO:";
ERROR_MESSAGE_PREFIX="ERROR:";
EXIT_MESSAGE="The script will close now...";
HOME_DIRECTORY=$(echo ~/);

echo "$MESSAGE_PREFIX Running fixit for no-stable-session-after-login";
TODAY=$(date);
echo "$MESSAGE_PREFIX Script execution takes place at $TODAY";

if [ -e "~/.Xauthority" ]; then
        echo "$MESSAGE_PREFIX Found .Xauthority trying to rename";
else
        echo "$ERROR_MESSAGE_PREFIX No .Xauthority found in user directory ($HOME_DIRECTORY).";
        echo "$MESSAGE_PREFIX This fix needs the .Xauthority file to run";
        echo "$EXIT_MESSAGE";
        exit;
fi

DATE_STRING=$(date +%F);

if [ -e "$HOME_DIRECTORY.Xauthority.bak" ]; then
        # overwrite by 'maximal' daily backup
        mv "$HOME_DIRECTORY.Xauthority" "$HOME_DIRECTORY.Xauthroity.$DATE_STRING.bak";
fi

mv "$HOME_DIRECTORY.Xauthority" "$HOME_DIRECTORY.Xauthority.$DATE_STRING.bak";
echo "$EXIT_MESSAGE";
exit;
gritty bobcat
#

But pip isn't being friendly ):

#

So in a sec, I'll load up NOOBS and do I want Raspbian with recommended programs or just Raspbian?

plain bramble
#

I would just go with something very light, like raspbian without UI

gritty bobcat
#

Ehh

#

I'll take the UI for now

#

Just incase

plain bramble
#

as you normally don't want anything graphical for the server.

#

but do as you like

gritty bobcat
#

It's very low usage so it's fine I think

#

Ok

#

It's almost done copying over to the SD

plain bramble
#

The terminal hotkeys should be working but the reinstall won't take too long either

gritty bobcat
#

Ok

#

Got a fresh boot of NOOBs

plain bramble
#

ok, can you login this time?

gritty bobcat
#

It's just initialising, one second please :D

#

Ok, I'm just installing raspbian with NOOBS

#

@plain bramble We have Raspbian back up and running, do these look right for getting python 3.7?

sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install build-essential tk-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libreadline6-dev libdb5.3-dev libgdbm-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libexpat1-dev liblzma-dev zlib1g-dev libffi-dev -y

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
tar xf Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
cd Python-3.7.0
./configure
make -j 4
sudo make altinstall```
plain bramble
#

yes you can try that

#

tell me what the result of python3.7 -V is after that

gritty bobcat
#

Ok, Python 3.7.0 @plain bramble

#

Now to install pip so that it installs the modules in 3.7 🤔

plain bramble
#

Don't you already have pip, again what is the output of the command I gave you. Call python3.7 -m pip list

gritty bobcat
#

Yeah, 10.0.1

#

So if I install modules using pip, will it apply them to 3.7?

#

@plain bramble Do I have to change anything about pip?

plain bramble
#

This is why I advise you to use python3.7 -m in almost every command I suggested. To make sure you install with the right pip version from the right python instance

gritty bobcat
#

Is that what -m does?

plain bramble
#

Your default pip (3.7) should be fine to let you install the modules you want

#

-m runs the arugment as a module

#

The steps you posted above for example don't make sure that the python version is the one that is always used when you enter python

gritty bobcat
#

I'm just following directions from Mr. Hemlock

#

So will pip3 install requests not be what I want? How do I do python3.7 -m with that? :D

plain bramble
#

Your pip3 may still point to 3.5.3 not 3.7 as python3.7 was installed but not set as the default

#

you can call pip3.7 directly if you want

#

if it's in your path of course

gritty bobcat
#

How do I add it to my path?

#

@plain bramble

plain bramble
#

I'm not sure if we can do that without problems (as other packages of raspbian may expect an older version of pip or different target), though it's either where python3.7 and the result of that is to be entered in .bashrc, as alias python='<the result of that>' so you use python3 as default which is maybe what you want or echo "${PATH}:<and then the result of where pip3.7>" and export PATH; But there are other ways I can imagine too

gritty bobcat
#

Is there no way for me to just did it temporarily

#

Just to install 3 modules and then be done?

plain bramble
#

python3.7 -m pip <your pip command> is the same as pip3.7 <your pip command>

#

alias is temporary for the current shell session

#

so you could do alias pip3.7="$(where pip3.7)"

#

I think you will get the rest of the stuff without me having a raspi running

#

so I shutdown my raspi

gritty bobcat
#

@plain bramble Thanks so much for the help, everythings working amazingly :D

rain moth
gilded basalt
#

Escape characters

#

CTRL+something

#

Not sure what that one specifically is tho

mortal fjord
#

I'm trying to make a systemd file for starting my discord bot, but am encountering problems running pipenv (/usr/local/bin/python3.6: No module named virtualenv)
Terminal output here: https://hastebin.com/xupasujohi.rb
Any help on resolving this?

sharp shell
#

what i do is set the user to the one that created the environment, ensure the working directory is the directory you'd activate pipenv, and ensure you're executing pipenv itself

#
[Unit]
Description=Eevee
After=network.target

[Service]
User=scragly
Restart=always
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/home/scragly/Bots/Eevee
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/pipenv run bot

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#

@mortal fjord

mortal fjord
#

O.o I'll try the WorkingDirectory option, seems useful

#

oh hey it's working!

#

Thanks!

sharp shell
#

no probs

somber stirrup
#

Any suggestions for getting getting all the current mice?

https://github.com/Zer0897/linux-touchpad/blob/master/src/touchpad.py

I'm using xinput atm but I can't reliably tell which devices are the USB ones. It does have an event id to match in /dev/input, so now's as good a time as any to get familiar with it I guess.

oak shell
#

what info do you need about them @somber stirrup ?

oak shell
#

if you want to basically detect when a mouse or anything like that gets connected, you should probably learn about udev and make scripts for that

#

(other) things to look at might be the udevadm command, /sys/class/hidraw/hidraw*/device/uevent, /sys/class/input/mouse*/device/uevent, ...

#
rose cairn
#

does anyone know how sed works in bash?

oak shell
#

@rose cairn I know a few things about it, what exactly do you need?

rose cairn
#
sed -i 's/\"\"/\"/g' file1.txt
sed -i 's/\"\"/\"/g' file2.txt```
#

if i these 2 commands at the same time

#

is there a possibility that one of the file is overwritten by contents of another cos sed -i makes temporary files with the same name?

oak shell
#

why would it, you have two different input files there

somber stirrup
#

@oak shell I had found udev but I didn't know about /sys/class/input/mouse*/device/ueven. Thanks!

rose cairn
#

@oak shell yes, but when i run both of them in parallel and if bot the input files are in the same folder, it overwrites

#

not always

#

but sometimes

#

i saw that the temporary file created by sed always had the same name

#

which makes me believe that this issue is being caused by that

oak shell
#

hmm, dunno about that. That would surprise me tbh, but I haven't investigated that detail so far

#

I'd have assumed it uses something safe like mktemp...

gritty bobcat
#

I think I know the answer, but anyway to be able to run commands on my raspberry pi from my iPhone?

#

And also, I can Remote Desktop from my Windows 10 pc, but I can’t see any running apps and stuff, what do I have to change to get this?

robust cave
#

if you get an ssh client for your iPhone you should be able to ssh into your raspberry pi

white solar
#

is this the right channel for asking about aliases in zsh?

sharp shell
#

whats up?

#

if it's relatively simple to answer, i might be able to help

#

@white solar

white solar
#

so i just installed zsh

#

and i want to add a command that manages my venv-s

sharp shell
#

ok

white solar
#

let me paste a code i added in .zshrc

sharp shell
#

if you're sending whatever entry you put in the config, use a codeblock

white solar
#
pv() {
  if [$1 == '-a']
  then
    source venv/bin/activate
  elif [$1 == '-d']
  then
    blkdeactivate
  elif [$1 == '-c']
  then
    python3 -m venv venv
  elif [$1 == '']
  then
    echo 'Error : no arguments given'
  fi
}
#

and i entered source .zshrc in terminal also to apply changes

sharp shell
#

this doesn't look like an alias Pithink

white solar
#

it should work like a command since i was a bit tired with 3 different aliases

#

but whenever i type pv -a or pv it says it cannot find the commmand

sharp shell
#

¯_(ツ)_/¯

#

dunno then. i can help with basic aliases, i cannot help with zsh scripts

white solar
#

ah okay

#

thanks anyways

surreal vapor
#

Connection to ... port: *: Broken pipe

#

How do I fix this

oak shell
#

first of all you'd have to give more information on what you are actually doing. That message alone holds near to no information without context.

queen lance
#

how do i launch something as daemon? or background process when i ssh onto server? currently using & at end of command but not sure if that works once i exit

queen lance
#

ok i think & works

mortal fjord
#

Try & disown @queen lance

queen lance
#

what does disown do?

plain bramble
#

you can also look at screen detach

queen lance
#

thanks seems like & disown works

tough jungle
#

I'm running ubuntu and I want it to open a terminal on startup, is there a way to just turn that on, or can I write a program to do it? Etc lol

plain bramble
#

look at the .bashrc

#

or do so systemd magic

tough jungle
#

Lol I figured it out with the GUI it's a crutch

surreal vapor
#

What are some good free resources to start learning Linux or more specifically Kali in general

tough jungle
#

honestly i started with youtube and a virtual machine

oak shell
#

honest recommendation: start with a user-friendly distro like Ubuntu. Once you know your way around that and are familiar with administrating it through the command-line and know stuff like services, networking, etc, you can continue and look at what Kali offers.

#

It's a highly specialized distro with the only purpose of forensics, pentesting and such stuff. It is in no way meant to be run by newcomers, or as a daily desktop driver.

#

I mean, sure, you can install it and click a bit through some of the GUI tools without understanding anything and then go back disappointed. But that doesn't help you much.

surreal vapor
#

Oh okay

#

I'm looking towards getting the OSCP so I thought I'd start with Kali but I can start with whatever as long as I learn the basics. Which version of Ubuntu do you recommend?

#

@oak shell

oak shell
#

either 18.04 LTS for stable and long term support until 2023, or the latest is 19.04 which has support till next January.

#

which flavour is purely subjective and depends on which desktop you like better, or if you have an older/weaker computer, you might want to take a lighter one

robust cave
#

if you can’t decide, there’s nothing wrong with going for the LTS version and sticking with that

surreal vapor
#

I'm mad I was downloading the file and it disappeared from my queue randomly

dull vigil
#

i was halfway into installing ubuntu 18 onto a server, when the power went out

#

now the server wont send a signal to the monitor

#

dont even know if it still works

#

any1 know how to fix it?

sharp shell
#

@dull vigil please don't cross post questions across help channels.

#

If the monitor is not getting anything even on POST, such as the BIOS splash screen or boot status, then you may have hardware issues. Perhaps contact your local IT specialist to have a look at it.

dull vigil
#

its an old machine

#

from 2007 i believe

#

when i called they said they might not be able to help

#

it wasnt used for 12 years

#

but it existed for 12 years

gilded basalt
#

Remove all power

#

Reset CMOS

#

Basically pop the case, look up the motherboard model, read the manual, and see how to reset it

#

Then try powering it on again

#

If you have a gpu laying around you could also try that

#

The default screen device might have gotten set to something that isn't active

#

And /or the internal gpu is dying

quick current
#

If it was working fine prior to a power outage, sure, it might be the BIOS settings... but old hardware misbehaving after a power outage often means something died. Old capacitors tend to go if there's unexpected power fluctuations. Somewhat helpfully, what often dies first in that case is the power supply, and that's relatively easy to swap out and try another one, so might want to start there.

#

That's assuming that you're not getting lights/fans. If you are, could be a number of things. Graphics card is a good place to look, but you said "server", and they often don't have dedicated graphics cards in expansion slots, so...

raw shoal
#

How do I change permissions so that people can only delete their own files?

oak shell
#

sticky bit

#
RESTRICTED DELETION FLAG OR STICKY BIT
       The restricted deletion flag or sticky bit is a single bit, whose interpretation depends on the file type.  For  directo‐
       ries,  it  prevents  unprivileged users from removing or renaming a file in the directory unless they own the file or the
       directory; this is called the restricted deletion flag for the directory, and is commonly found on world-writable  direc‐
       tories  like /tmp.  For regular files on some older systems, the bit saves the program's text image on the swap device so
       it will load more quickly when run; this is called the sticky bit.
#

from man chmod

raw shoal
#

So pretty much if i want "sticky bit" to disallow people deleting other people´s files i should just do "sudo chmod +t /path/to/file

oak shell
#

the directory should be rwx for the users who have to write things there plus t to prevent deleting of other users' files, yes

#

like /tmp

#

but it has to be on the folder, not the individual files contained

raw shoal
#

So i should add the "t" to group? So like sudo chmod +t "group"

oak shell
#

group?

raw shoal
#

So pretty much i have a file which if you´re in a specific group you get the rwx permissions, and should i add the t to that group?

oak shell
#

t is independend of owner and group

#

just slap it on the directory where people have write access to create files, but shall not delete those created by others

raw shoal
#

So like i said earlier? sudo chmod +t /path/to/file

#

That would work?

robust cave
#

it should be /path/to/directory, since you're restricting file deletion in a directory

raw shoal
#

so the ll should look something like this, keep in mind i want "others" to have no access or permissions. drwxrwx--T

oak shell
#

look good, I think

deft cloak
#

Could I get some help completely wiping PyCharm from my Mac? I'm getting the most heinous errors trying to graph simply exponential functions with matplotlib and I'm just about to toss my Mac and buy a new one.

warped nimbus
#

Aren't macOS applications self contained?

#

Presumably all you'd have to do is delete PyCharm from the applications folder

#

Well, maybe the configuration is stored elsewhere

#

Anyway, I think wiping PyCharm is a bit of a drastic measure.

#

If you describe the errors you're getting in one of the help channels (or #tools-and-devops if this really is a PyCharm-specific problem rather than matplotlib/Python), maybe someone will know what's wrong

green fog
#

It stores stuff in /Library/Application Support/ as well

surreal vapor
#

So other than LPIC-1 what are other good resources for learning Linux

sage solar
#

As someone who learned it that way

#

learning by doing / googling

gritty stirrup
#

$(docker pull ${IMAGE_TAG_CLOUD})

#

How do I stop this erroring while keeping the exit code

oak shell
#

wdym stop erroring? suppressing output?

gritty stirrup
#

Yeah

oak shell
#

2>/dev/null

gritty stirrup
#

I don't want it to make the script stop when it fails

oak shell
#

or &> for both stdout/stderr

gritty stirrup
#

But I want to use the exit code

oak shell
#

why would it stop?

gritty stirrup
#

CircleCI

oak shell
#

do they set that exit on fail shell option? 🤔

gritty stirrup
#

2>/dev/null is it not >/dev/null

oak shell
#

2 is stderr only

gritty stirrup
#

Ok

#

So i want the 2?

oak shell
#

but that is only output, nothing to do if it stops or not

#

idk to which stream it outputs errors

#

what is the whole command/script anyway? context would help

gritty stirrup
#
            source $BASH_ENV
            docker login -u $DOCKER_USER -p $DOCKER_PASS
            test=$(docker pull ${IMAGE_TAG_CLOUD}) 2>/dev/null
            if [ $? == 0 ]; then
              docker tag ${IMAGE_TAG_CLOUD} ${IMAGE_TAG}
            else
              docker pull ${DOCKER_USER}/${CIRCLE_PROJECT_REPONAME}:master
              docker tag ${DOCKER_USER}/${CIRCLE_PROJECT_REPONAME}:master ${IMAGE_TAG}
            fi
oak shell
#

test is a builtin, not very nice to shadow that with a variable. do you need to save its content anyway?

gritty stirrup
#

I think I do.

#

Or it fails

oak shell
#

it's never used in here though

gritty stirrup
#

If I remember correctly

#

Idek tbh

#

Circleci shell is strange

#

Lemme try

#
            source $BASH_ENV
            docker login -u $DOCKER_USER -p $DOCKER_PASS
            $(docker pull ${IMAGE_TAG_CLOUD}) 2>/dev/null
            if [ $? == 0 ]; then
              docker tag ${IMAGE_TAG_CLOUD} ${IMAGE_TAG}
            else
              docker pull ${DOCKER_USER}/${CIRCLE_PROJECT_REPONAME}:master
              docker tag ${DOCKER_USER}/${CIRCLE_PROJECT_REPONAME}:master ${IMAGE_TAG}
            fi
#

Error response from daemon: manifest for sharp6292/sharpbot-discord:bugfix-mining-roles not found

#

That code errors

oak shell
#

you can just if docker pull ${IMAGE_TAG_CLOUD} ; then

gritty stirrup
#

Wont that error?

#

Guess we will find out

oak shell
#

I'm still struggling to find documentation on how circle detects "errors"

gritty stirrup
#

Yep. CircleCI docs are a nightmare

#

But its super fast so I deal with it

#

CIRCLE_SHELL_ENV=/tmp/.bash_env-5cc8b8ab49516100080a7111-0-build

#

Yep that worked

#

ty byte.

oak shell
#

what is this $BASH_ENV file anyway?

gritty stirrup
#

i'm using sh

#

And I need a env

#

$BASH_ENV is circle CI's pre-configured one

#

So I thought I'd use it

oak shell
#

content?

gritty stirrup
#
            echo export BRANCH="${CIRCLE_BRANCH}" |sed 's#/#\-#g' >> $BASH_ENV
            source $BASH_ENV
            echo 'export IMAGE_TAG="${CIRCLE_PROJECT_REPONAME}:${BRANCH}"' >> $BASH_ENV
            echo 'export IMAGE_TAG_CLOUD="${DOCKER_USER}/${IMAGE_TAG}"' >> $BASH_ENV

            git clone -b ${CIRCLE_BRANCH} https://github.com/Sharpz7/sharpbot-discord.git
oak shell
#

🤔

#

I assume anything anywhere is calling set -e

#

which exits the shell on any non-zero returning statement

#

but having your potentially failing command inside the condition part of an if block suppresses that

#

so that should work

gritty stirrup
#

Yeah

surreal vapor
#

Okay so

#

I need some help and this prompt has made me nervous

grave jolt
#

looks like its saying that its just going to format that one partition

#

and not modify the boot loader

surreal vapor
#

So the 100 GB parition I made with Disk Management it going to be written to?

grave jolt
#

as long as its partition 5 of sda yea

#

it looks like you also have 'install alongside' checked, so with that and the lack of it listing anything in the mbr, id say that should work just fine

#

if you are actually really worried, back up your data and write down your windows key

#

then it doesnt matter what goes wrong

surreal vapor
#

True

#

I already did a backup... however I didn't write down my Win key

#

I got my winkey...

#

But it automatically boots to Windows and doesn't give me a option to boot to Ubuntu, even though it said successfully installed.

#

Oh wait...

#

I'm really confused. I went through the installation process and selected the empty partition but it still didn't install and autoboots Windows

#

Does this mean I did it right? I'm confused as all heck

grave jolt
#

you might have to hit some key to bring up the windows boot manager

#

otherwise youll have to install grub and tell it to chainload windows

surreal vapor
#

Chainload?

grave jolt
#

its how grub load another bootloader, in this case you could use grub to give you the option of starting linux or switching over to windows bootloader [to boot windows]

#

generally when you install grub it will set that up for you, but I dont know how to make that installer do it at this point

surreal vapor
#

So I allocated 50 GBs for Ubuntu and here is the parition I made for it but it doesn't seem to boot Ubuntu without the USB in. I am awfully lost.

quiet ice
#

ur probably booting in through a live usb

#

and i never rly like dual booting cuz it always messes up with windows and such

grave jolt
#

so if you are using windows boot manager, then its likely going to intentionally not want to boot linux

surreal vapor
#

Yeah but while I had the USB in I clicked the button install Ubuntu on the OS and it went through the steps

grave jolt
#

if its listed in the windows boot manager, then you need to figure out the key you hold during boot to make windows boot manager menu come up

#

if its not listed in the windows boot manager, then you either need to add it and do the above, or install grub so that you can more easily configure your os booting

surreal vapor
#

Okay so boot from the flashdrive and install grub via command line of the Ubuntu live boot session?

grave jolt
#

since you told the installer to not modify the boot loader, it likely didnt add anything at all and youll need to edit the windows boot manager or install grub

#

yeah, you might want to chroot inside of your actual ubuntu install on the hard drive though

#

that way you also are configuring the os itself

surreal vapor
#

Hmm chroot. I don't know enough Linux about that one... but if chmod changes permissions generally I'm guessing it means change root

quiet ice
#

grub can manage the windows boot manager so that you can dual boot pretty sure

grave jolt
#

chroot changes what your session of linux considers the 'root' of the file system

#

you can mount your drive and chroot to that mount to make your terminal act like it, and all its children, are running off of that drive

#

that page has a recommendation that just installs grub from the live cd and also has a section on chroot

#

i dont know if ubuntu has grub installed by default when you have not selected to use it in the main installer, so you might want to do the chroot method

surreal vapor
#

Live CD == USB in my case?

grave jolt
#

yea

#

and yeah grub install or update-grub should find your windows install and create an entry for it

surreal vapor
#

Ah shit

#

It auto selected try Ubuntu without installing

#

That menu changed so fast

#

I guess that's okay actually

#

I think I'm confused.

surreal vapor
grave jolt
#

the boot loader goes on the hdd outside of the partition table, then it also installs some extra stuff in /boot

tough jungle
#

i tried doing all this noise too and its such a mess, i recommend you just use a virtual machine if you can

#

i ended up with 7 partitions on my main drive, and since i have an extra 3 hard drives, it was a huge mess to look at lol

surreal vapor
#

Well I tried to do it as a learning experience of how to dual boot but ):

warped nimbus
#

Take a look at using refind as a boot manager

#

I've never tried it for Windows, but it worked for dual booting macOS and Arch

#

It can be customised to look a lot sleeker than grub too, if you care about that sort of thing

grave jolt
#

might be but tbh im not sure what the actual issue is in the screen shot. looks like its ready to install a bootloader to that drive

undone pulsar
#

Hell yeah

#

rEFInd is super nice

#

It scans your drive for bootable kernels automagically, so you don't need to generate any configs when you change partition sizes and stuff

#

And rEFInd themes are 👌

warped nimbus
#

I've started going to systemd-boot for a simple boot loader and refind when I need dual boot

undone pulsar
#

yep, same here

main olive
#

So I might get a Linux machine

#

But imo Windows looks better

#

Is there like a modern Linux?

#

I don't know anything about linux

warped nimbus
#

Linux's desktop environment can be customised a fair bit

#

a lot more than Windows lets you for a start

#

Linux is modern so I don't understand that question

#

That taskbar looks a lot like Windows's

worn apex
#

is this the new trend in linux desktop aesthetics

robust cave
#

It has always been like that

#

arch+i3, then neofetch, cowsay, htop etc

gritty stirrup
#

Still prefer my windows setup :^)

#

I spent a long time getting it nice

main olive
#

waiiiti

#

you can customize it yourself?

#

is there some sort of like theme shop

#

where you can get pre made designs

#

I want a more modern looking windows

#

in linux

#

also can chrome canary run on linux

#

I am new to that sort of stuff

#

so theres ubuntu

#

mint

#

fedora

#

like whats the difference

#

actually better question

#

is there some sort of super tutuorial to getting to know linux?

#

also if you start off with a windows computer, can you just install linux on it?

surreal vapor
#

Yeah if you set it up correctly

main olive
#

@surreal vapor is there a tutorial on how?

#

how do you set it up correctly

surreal vapor
#

Depends, are you wishing to make Linux your main OS?

#

I failed at dual booting, however I have previously over-wrote my Windows OS with Linux very easily

#

So if you would like that, I can help.

#

It may benefit you to use a VM like how it was suggested me to, since Windows is a little baby.

warped nimbus
#

The most effective way of learning for me was to just jump into it

#

You could start by installing it in a VM to play around with it

#

You could choose to use the Linux VM for programming instead of Windows, so you get familiar with the development workflow

#

Eventually you'll feel comfortable enough to completely switch over.

#

And at that point, it's perfectly fine to keep using it in a VM; some people dislike dual-booting (assuming you'd still find a use for Windows occasionally)

#

As for install instructions, different distros have different instructions. So first you'll need to figure out which distro you want. @main olive

main olive
#

I want linux to be my main os

#

wait

#

so my pc right now

#

I can install linux

#

ok can someone give me a super tutorial

#

on using linux from the start

warped nimbus
#

Read what I said in the end

main olive
#

distros

#

hmm

#

ubuntu

#

is that an example of a distros

warped nimbus
#

Yup, start by looking up some articles on distros to get a feel for which one you want

#

Yes, Ubuntu is a distro.

main olive
#

ok I want that

#

cuz thats what I get if I get a dell xps developer edition

#

what are the differences between them?

gritty stirrup
#

Have you used ubunutu much?

main olive
#

is one more capable than the other?

gritty stirrup
#

Ubuntu*

#

They have different purposes

main olive
#

well no i haven't even installed it yet, thats why I want a super tutorial

gritty stirrup
#

I was going to say you should look into either ubunutu... or maybe manjaro

warped nimbus
#

Like I said, look up some articles on distros.

gritty stirrup
#

Mark, is manjaro to advanced? that's my issue.

warped nimbus
#

Don't know, never used it.

gritty stirrup
#

You get a GNOME version

warped nimbus
#

that's Arch based, right?

gritty stirrup
#

I think that's pretty nice.

#

Yeah

#

But without all the ackward installs

#

It does the hard work

warped nimbus
#

you can browse distros and compare them for yourself

main olive
#

hmm

#

which is the newest linux

#

or the most modern

#

yeah which distro is the most modern

sage solar
#

define modern

main olive
#

uhh

#

ok how about

#

which distro can you make look the most modern

gritty stirrup
#

Lime some distros don't even have a UI by default

main olive
#

and the most customizable

#

oh damn

gritty stirrup
#

Ok. I'd go with manjaro

main olive
#

hmm

#

I am so new to linux

gritty stirrup
#

It's quite a learning curve tho

sage solar
#

if youre new you maybe dont want to configure it

main olive
#

please, I want a super tutorial into linux

gritty stirrup
#

^^^

#

Maybe xcfe manjaro

#

That's quite nice.

main olive
#

can ubuntu look modern?

gritty stirrup
#

Customizeable

sage solar
#

everything can look modern

#

the desktop which you see on the screenies is the default one

#

you can always exchange it

main olive
#

yeah, slap enough aluminum on it

gritty stirrup
#

How does this look?

main olive
#

im having choice paralysis

#

I might stick with ubuntu

#

since im getting a laptop which comes with that by default

#

can I make ubuntu UI look modern

#

like I see photos of crazy linux displays that look like a 2099 computer

#

not going to do that but CAN ubuntu do that

gritty stirrup
#

Lime does that image I sent look modern to you?

warped nimbus
#

You can basically completely ignore the default look

#

You can install a different desktop

#

This applies to most distros

gritty stirrup
#

That's a bit advanced don't you think?

warped nimbus
#

Sure but my point is that from an aesthetic point of view, the distro you choose does not matter at all

#

And this person is only focusing on appearances when deciding which distro to use, which is wrong

#

there are more important considerations than that

#

in fact, like I said, appearances aren't a consideration at all

gritty stirrup
#

Yeah.

grave jolt
#

yeah indeed linux has been designed to be modular and any distro you would actually use has a package manager. this makes it super easy to swap the theme and core user experience around on any distro. they just happen to come with a default set of software.

main olive
#

ok

#

ubuntu im going with

#

well phew

#

I got that out of the way

#

now how the hell can I change the desktop to look amazing

#

lmao

#

but srsly, is there a super tutorial for getting started with ubuntu

warped nimbus
#

Ubuntu's entire wiki could be considered a super tutorial

#

Not sure what you mean

#

Just take the time to read the resources

#

Before you worry about how to make it look nice first you need to manage to even install Ubuntu

main olive
#

like a youtube playlist or something

warped nimbus
#

I only know of text material, the wiki

#

Have a look for yourself for videos, shouldn't be difficult to find something

#

Just make sure it's not outdated information

main olive
#

ok

surreal vapor
#

Hell yeah. I got the VM up and working!

#

Stupid govt. wifi eat rocks

robust cave
#

@oak shell pinging resident ubuntu master here, maybe you have some input?

livid forge
#

the arch wiki is also relevant regardless of distro

oak shell
#

was asleep

#

input on what @robust cave ?

#

other than "whichever Ubuntu flavor looks best to you" (or one of the lighter flavors like Lubuntu/Xubuntu/Mate, if you have an old machine), I don't really have any recommendation

#

I also don't think there exists any "super tutorial" - you have to piece together the guides for all the things you want to do

robust cave
#

but srsly, is there a super tutorial for getting started with ubuntu

chrome veldt
#

Xubuntu if you have an old machine

#

and just get Ubuntu

#

if u have a good pc

#

Ubuntu is great for starters

livid forge
#

its all the same

oak shell
#

or at least I don't know any "super tutorial" that explains "everything" (because that would be a bible and you'd never need 80% of it anyway)

livid forge
#

its like asking for a tutorial on hondas vs fords

#

some material is distro specific

chrome veldt
#

xubuntu is ubuntu with xfce DE

#

and still, I recommend the Ubuntu default Gnome DE since its the best for starters.

livid forge
#

actually theres a pretty damn good beginner guide somewhere

#

looking...

chrome veldt
#

The best guide is to use it

#

use it , play around

#

explore stuff

#

get used to the terminal

livid forge
#

there we go

oak shell
#

hmm, that link looks nicely structured at least

#

maybe I'll have a closer look when I got some time

#

but looks like something that can indeed be recommended to people, thanks for sharing

raw shoal
#

Is there anyone here willing to help me a bit with linux ubuntu commands?

warped nimbus
#

!t ask

shy yokeBOT
#
ask

Asking good questions will yield a much higher chance of a quick response:

• Don't ask to ask your question, just go ahead and tell us your problem.
• Try to solve the problem on your own first, we're not going to write code for you.
• Show us the code you've tried and any errors or unexpected results it's giving
• Keep your patience while we're helping you.

You can find a much more detailed explanation on our website.

raw shoal
#

How do i add groups and make them so that if you´re in a specific group you have access to a specific file, and how do you add people to them

warped nimbus
#

Use groupadd to create groups

#

Use usermod to change a users groups

#

Use chgrp to change group ownership of a file and maybe chmod too

#

Use man to see how to use these commands

raw shoal
#

But if i want the user to have full names but also have a typical short username for them

livid forge
#

you mean you want the user to have two usernames for the same account?

raw shoal
#

Figured it out

#

I want to add users with a bash shell, a home directory and i want them to have to change password when they log in

livid forge
#

you should be able to do all of that with 1 useradd command

#

actually you might need to expire the password manually

raw shoal
#

Yeah, i´m struggling putting that line together

#

How would i go about doing that long line?

#

command*

livid forge
#

if bash is the default on the system you shouldnt need to specify i believe

raw shoal
#

So the command would go out how?

#

I also want the user to have comment with their full names

livid forge
#

useradd -m -c "John Smith" john -s /bin/bash

#

you can always use usermod to change

worn apex
#

if you have adduser, you should use that instead

#

depends on linux distribution

main olive
#

yikes

#

I am trying to get linux to install without a usb or cd

grave jolt
#

what methods specifically have you tried, what went wrong, and what system is it? [eg laptop model]

main olive
#

windows 10, and its a lenovo

Now, follow the below steps to install rEFInd[source], so that, you have a boot menu to boot to Ubuntu Live environment. Summary of the installation process given in the source is as belows:

Open cmd with Administrator privileges.

Then,

mountvol S: /S
(you may change S: to any available drive letter)
Type cd in cmd and then drag and drop the extracted folder to the already open cmd window. E.g.,

cd "C:\Program Files"

here is where I got stuck

#

I did the BIOS method and it worked

#

but it didnt load

#

so I did the directions correctly, but it couldn't load

#

this one seems very complicated and hard to do but I really need to do it

grave jolt
#

you might be having secure boot issues

#

which is a thing that forces you to have a signed bootloader

#

you can generally turn it off in the bios

main olive
#

ok so the bios does work?

#

I checked my system thingy, and it saied it was uefi

grave jolt
#

the 'bios' is just the configuration and loading software built in the motherboard
in this case even if it can boot uefi stuff people still call it the bios menu
you can likely boot with either legacy bios mode or have it boot via uefi mode

main olive
#

ok

grave jolt
#

you might also need to google your specific laptop model in case there is something extra you need to do to get it to boot other partitions or show the uefi boot menu

main olive
#

uh gosh

robust cave
#

I'd search the arch wiki

main olive
#

so much stuff

#

why arch?

robust cave
#

it's not just arch-related stuff and is arguably the most comprehensive linux-related wiki on the net right now

main olive
#

all I wanna do is install linux

#

AAA

grave jolt
#

im guessing this isnt a thinkpad

main olive
#

yes

#

its not

#

its a lenovo flex 14

gritty stirrup
#

I'm confused. Why can't you just run a installer?

#

Get a usb stick. It's wayyy easier

spiral yoke
#

Yeah... Just get a USB. They aren't expensive.

#

It's very easy if you do it that way. You usually don't install operating systems without an installation media.

main olive
#

ok ok

#

so I got a flash drive

#

I have the .iso installed

#

so I just used etcher to put the iso file in the flash drive

#

now what

grave jolt
#

so once you have the contents of the iso on there, you should be able to just stick it in and reboot then tell the bios to boot off of it

main olive
#

ok

#

ill tell you how it goes

#

Umm what do I choose

#

There's Windows 10, and unetbootin from my previous attempt to install Linux

#

(ping me pls)

grave jolt
#

@main olive that looks like a windows boot loader. figure out what key your bios wants you to press

main olive
#

How?

#

@grave jolt

grave jolt
#

when the computer first turns on, it will say. if not spam del f12 f2

#

and one of them is the correct one

#

thatll at LEAST get you in to the bios i guess

main olive
#

Ok, cuz it doesn't say when I boot

vestal turret
#

Can you get into windows?

main olive
#

Wait I think if I click the advanced I can get it to load the bios

grave jolt
#

then you have to go in and choose prob both the boot order AND possibly the order of each device type

main olive
#

Is it the really old looking techy window with arrow keys to move

#

Like bright blue and tan

grave jolt
#

yes thats the bios

vestal turret
#

iirc the command is

shutdown /r /o```
to reboot into bios
main olive
#

I got into that before, but what's i do from there

grave jolt
#

go to the boot section, each bios is a little different

#

then do whatever you need to to put the usb drive before the internal hard drive

main olive
#

What do I need to do? I don't know anything

#

@grave jolt I see information, configuration, security boot and exit

#

Oh boot