error with some program

[rare thorn]

Hi ,i had this error when i enter update manager

So i thought its bcs brave browser and free download manager i installed them from their official site so maybe some dependecies are missing

This is why i deleted them with terminal and reinstalled them , i reinstalled brave

[heavy parcel]

Read the message. It says that it tried to get an i386 version of Brave, which does not exist.

[rare thorn]

But the brave version i installed work fine , and i deleted it and reinstalled it from system manager

But now the second error appeared

[heavy parcel]

Does Update Manager work otherwise?

[rare thorn]

It works but when i click on refresh , that error reappeared

[heavy parcel]

That looks like residue from the previous way you installed Brave. I do not know enough about how repos and signing keys are handled to tell you the fix, but at least it does not actively break things.

[rare thorn]

And i saw that in that error it talks also on another program i installed " free downlozd manager" that i also deleted and trying to reinstall from system manager but it shows me this error when i try to install it

[heavy parcel]

I guess you broke something when removing that software. Before we spend hours looking for the issue, do you have a Timeshift snapshot you can go back to?

[rare thorn]

No , i installed it just yesterday , and was going to do it today after installing some softwares i work with

😭 my luck

[heavy parcel]

I guess you deleted something you should not have. Perhaps somebody else here can tell you how to fix it, but I can only hazard a guess that it will involve your APT source list and the signing keys used to verify repositories.

[rare thorn]

I am new to linux so i dont know exactely what are those 😅

[rare thorn]

Thanks for help

[heavy parcel]

You can look at these things in Update Manager. Edit > Software Sources. It will require your password. Then you can check which Additional Repositories are in there, and also the Authentication Keys they use. Perhaps just remove or disable the ones that are erroring?

That is assuming you are on Mint.

[rare thorn]

yes i am on mint

[rare thorn]

The first error disapeared , there is just the second error now when i install the program

This one

[heavy parcel]

That might be something about your Flatpak installation. I have no clue how to repair that.

[rare thorn]

But i dont understand , why do i have repositories of both programs while both dont exist on my laptop , bcs i deleted them before 🤔

[heavy parcel]

If you install a Debian package (.deb file) that you downloaded, it may add its own private repository to your APT, if you authorise that with your password. This is usually done by software that has its own repositories apart from the official Debian/Ubuntu ones that Mint uses. APT will then fetch updates for all the usual programs from the official repos, and updates for that specific program from the author's repo. That is why Brave is in there, and also Opera on my machine. Flatpak is a different way of distribution with its own repo, Flathub. I think you broke something on your system that is needed to access Flathub, but I do not know how it works, so I cannot help with fixing it.

If you remove the programs by uninstalling cleanly, the system will uninstall the programs and also any repos these programs added. If you just ripped them out, the repos may stick in there.

[rare thorn]

Thanks , but i think i removed it from computer with terminal by typing , sudo apt-get remove
Isnt this is the right way ?

[heavy parcel]

That should work. Try sudo apt autoremove, this should clean up leaftovers.

But the Flatpak stuff does not use APT, different way of doing things.

[rare thorn]

I want to ask u , i made the first time my partition with manual way with the help of a video on yt , it contains : efi , swap , and / , is it the right way ?

[heavy parcel]

Yes, these are the ones you need. Technically, swap can also be a file on /, but a separate swap partition is the classic Linux way.

Most installers do a fine job creating partitions just right these days. But it is nice to learn what is actually done underneath the interface.

[rare thorn]

I saw some use home also ?

What is the use of that partition ?

Like they use the rest ,half for home and half for /

[heavy parcel]

You always have a /home, where your user files live. If you have a separate /home partition, these files will remain untouched if you reinstall or switch to an entirely different distro. Otherwise, you would need to back them up.

[rare thorn]

But user files dont they go to / , so if i create / and /home , which files go to /

[heavy parcel]

Root (that is /) is the main file system, that everything is hanging under. So /home is the directory "home" under "/". But the file system offers to mount entire partitions to a directory, so you could set up a different partition and mount it to /home. Files will never know the difference, but they will live on that different partition if they are in that directory. And when you reinstall, just leave the home partition intact and tell the installer to re-mount it as /home. There are guides on the web that explain it better than I could.

And bear in mind, the full path always contains a username, since /home exists once per user. A /home partition will have directories for every user, which will automatically get mounted once they log in. Might take an additional step at user creation to link it, I have not used that kind of thing in a while.

[rare thorn]

So like the files go to /home but file system stays on / so if i reinstall it , i can always keep just my files but the errors and all can be solved since i am reinstalling system or updating it 🤔 i hope i get like 25% of ur idea 😅 i am new so i am getting it a little bit

[heavy parcel]

Separate /home partition is considered advanced Linux knowledge, although not compile-your-own-kernel-modules-advanced. For the beginning, it is safe to just use defaults. Do not frustrate yourself by erecting needless barriers. Just take them on when you want to. Or do what I do - too lazy to bother with separate /home, I store my important files on my file server anyway.

[rare thorn]

I used manual bcs i wanted to make the swap file bcs i dont think automatic partition creates it 🤔

[heavy parcel]

On Mint, a default installation just creates EFI and Root, then puts swap on Root as a file. Which has advantages, e.g. easy resizing if you ever need it bigger.

[rare thorn]

How to put it ? I didnt know that we can change partition after installation

[heavy parcel]

You can, but only if there is free space left, or if you downsize and existing partition. The swap file is just a file, much easier to size-adjust.

[rare thorn]

And how to make it ? And where to make it exactely ?

[heavy parcel]

https://itsfoss.com/create-swap-file-linux/

Oh wait, this one is more concise, with less SEO-spam text: https://linuxize.com/post/create-a-linux-swap-file/

[rare thorn]

Thanks

[rare thorn]

For /home and / , how much they allocate for each one , is it better to give like half space for / and the other half for /home ?

[heavy parcel]

Depends on what you want to do. /home is your files, so if you mean to stuff it with downloaded videos and a million pictures, make plenty of space for /home. If you want to install a hundred flatpak applications, these will be in the general filesystem, so that needs to have reserves. A standard Mint install can get by with ~20GB, plus swap and some space for Timeshift snapshots, if you use that.

[rare thorn]

For time shit snapshots , what is that thing of snapshot levels ? 😅 on windows u just create a restore point and done , but here, dont understand those stuff of daily and weekly ...?

[heavy parcel]

It runs on a schedule. You tell it how often it should snapshot. Try two daily, one weekly, two monthly. That way you will always have yesterday's, last weeks' and last month's snapshot to revert to if needed.

[rare thorn]

But all those dont consume space each time they do snapshots ? And the snapshots work just for the disk drive where the system is installed or also the second disk drive ? (Bcs i have 2 disk drive , one i installed linux on it and a second empty to put files on it )

[heavy parcel]

Snapshots take up space, they are compressed backups of your system state, comparable to Windows Restore Points. It will default to storing them on the / partition under /timeshift. You limit the total number with the scheduler setting, so they do not fill up your entire disk.

[rare thorn]

So better to create them on / than /home ? Bcs on default they are installed on my home

[heavy parcel]

System state means Mint and its programs, not your data. Timeshift offers to include /home in the snapshots, but that will make them very big.

[rare thorn]

Ok so better to do it on / to make less data

But here i am not talking about home files bcs i saw that we can include them

But i mean in the start it let me choose like on home or on /

To install it

[heavy parcel]

As I say, you can include /home in your snapshots, but that will add all your own files and make each snapshot very big. And Timeshift does not care what partition is what, it just runs under Root.

[rare thorn]

But here it let me choose where data of timeshift will be stored 🤔

Like here sda4 is /

And sd3 is /home

So i am confused

[heavy parcel]

I actually forgot you can select the actual drive. Well, more power to you. Use it wisely.

[rare thorn]

😅

[limpid raft]

This is a known error with Brave's apt repository. It does not support 32-bit architectures making it error out.

Just get Brave using Flatpak:

flatpak install brave --app -y

[violet shore]

either ur on a 32 bit OS, or a 32 bit machine, or both. that's what the message re: i386 means. That or you added a 32-bit repo