aaa

[tough shadow]

a

[languid elbow]

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[tough shadow]

ill post here the physics problem i cant do

[burnt bison]

Well, alright. This works, I guess.

[tough shadow]

thx in anticipation btw

when i do an excersize and there is only 1 tube

and so

i put the equation = cost

[frigid shoal]

Okay, you shouldn't type the problem.

You should just give us a picture of it.

[tough shadow]

its in italian

[burnt bison]

Yeah, that'd be better.

[tough shadow]

its better if i translate it

[frigid shoal]

Because if you don't understand it, there's a risk you'll miss an important detail in your explanation.

[tough shadow]

true

[burnt bison]

Oh... Well, that's fine, I know some services that can translate text on a picture. I can at least get a rough understanding.

[tough shadow]

but this was just general knowledge

welp let me find a problem

A horizontal section of the aorta, with a radius of 1.25 cm, is crossed by blood with the same speed at all points, 0.41 m/s. In a consecutive horizontal section there is an aneurysm whose radius is 15% greater than that of the aorta. The density of the blood is
1060 kg/m 3

Calculate the difference in pressure between the blood passing through the aneurysm and the healthy part of the aorta.

Neglect the viscosity of the blood.

ok so i got an idea

[frigid shoal]

Okay, picture.

We said picture.

[tough shadow]

ex n 50

so since its giving me radius instead of S

im thinking since its a circular thing

[frigid shoal]

Hold on, the aneurysm has a radius greater than the aorta?

[tough shadow]

i do the 2pi x R

aneurysm makes it bigger

yes

[frigid shoal]

...am I thinking of an embolism?

[tough shadow]

so its slower

ye

[frigid shoal]

Okay, yeah, I was thinking of a clot.

Which is an embolism.

[tough shadow]

basically it gets slower since more radius

[frigid shoal]

Right, okay.

[tough shadow]

is this right

?

to get area

[frigid shoal]

No.

[tough shadow]

fuck

[frigid shoal]

You can see that with basic dimensional analysis.

[tough shadow]

what

the area?

[frigid shoal]

...no, that it's not an area.

Do you know what dimensional analysis is?

[tough shadow]

probably yes but i dont recall that word in english

[frigid shoal]

Okay, so area is in two dimensions, right?

[tough shadow]

WAIT

I GOT

IT

I CALCULATE PRESSIOn

DGH

[frigid shoal]

...what?

[tough shadow]

then i do +15%

wait trust

[frigid shoal]

Okay, no.

[tough shadow]

since its asking

[frigid shoal]

Stop thinking about it in terms of "things you do".

Try to understand the situation the problem is describing.

[tough shadow]

so

[burnt bison]

Same speed? Hm, an unusual assumption, but alright...
In any case, you can still use Bernoulli's equation, ignoring the height term (as the aorta is horizontal).

[tough shadow]

so there is this horizontal section wich has a radius of 1.25cm with stationary speed right after radius gets bigger of 15% and so its wider

[frigid shoal]

"Stationary speed"?

[tough shadow]

uh

constant speed

[frigid shoal]

Okay...

[burnt bison]

Not sure why the radius is even needed here, to be honest.

[tough shadow]

so u can calculate

area

[frigid shoal]

Why?

[tough shadow]

or S

[burnt bison]

But why do you need it?

[tough shadow]

cuz since its a circumference

[frigid shoal]

What's a circumference?

[tough shadow]

Maybe for

SaVa=SbVb

[frigid shoal]

You need to speak precisely in math.

[burnt bison]

If we had the usual assumption of constant volumetric flow rate, then yes, we'd need it. But here we are given constant speed, and the speed is already given.

Hold on, let me check the statement. Maybe you mistranslated it.

[frigid shoal]

I think you just misread it. We're given the speed in the healthy aorta.

[tough shadow]

yes

[burnt bison]

Oh, it just means that the speed is constant inside eash section...

Alright, fair enough.

[tough shadow]

there are 2 sections

[burnt bison]

Then yeah, we need two things - Bernoulli's equation and continuity equation.

[frigid shoal]

@tough shadow Let me ask you this; why do you think the blood slows down in the wider vessel?

[tough shadow]

my teacher said so

💀

[frigid shoal]

That's not a reason to believe anything in math or science.

[burnt bison]

Try recalling the continuity equation.

[tough shadow]

continuity is

[frigid shoal]

Okay, think about this; what causes the blood to flow?

[tough shadow]

1/2 dv at second + dgh + p?

v 2

[burnt bison]

No, that's just one side of Bernoulli's equation.

[tough shadow]

o u mean

when there are 2 sections

its the same

a side 1/2 dv at second + dgh + p?= 1/2 dv at second + dgh + p? (b side)

[frigid shoal]

Okay, this student clearly has no conceptual understanding, I think that's more important to establish than number crunching right now.

[tough shadow]

since h is costant

we can simplify

it

[burnt bison]

No, again, p + ρgh + ρv^2/2 = const is just Bernoulli's equation.

[tough shadow]

😭

[burnt bison]

The continuity equation is a statement about the volumetric flow rate in different sections.

[tough shadow]

maybe i gotta do a step back

oh yes

its

like in any position

[frigid shoal]

I don't mean it as an insult. It's not your fault you don't know what you're talking about.

[burnt bison]

I think they just forgot the continuity equation. Or maybe the term in their language is very different.

[tough shadow]

the result will be the same

[burnt bison]

Result? What do you mean?

[frigid shoal]

They said that the blood flows slower in the wider blood vessel "because my teacher said so".

[tough shadow]

1/2 dv at second + dgh + p?= cost

[burnt bison]

No, again, that's Bernoulli's equation. We already got it.

[tough shadow]

in any place of the section u can take the result is the same

but thats not it

SaVa=SbVb

i alr said that

before

i tought it was wrong

[burnt bison]

Yeah, nice! Though, better to denote speed by v, not V, otherwise you are confusing it with volume.

[burnt bison]

Ah, sorry, didn't notice.

[frigid shoal]

Okay, look.

[tough shadow]

my teacher to get the S used 2pi x Radius

because its a circle

is it right or

am i remembering wrong

[frigid shoal]

Okay, look.

Let's take it one step at a time.

What causes blood to flow?

[tough shadow]

v

[frigid shoal]

...what?

[tough shadow]

Velocity

[frigid shoal]

...no.

[tough shadow]

ooo

P

portata

[frigid shoal]

No.

What physical mechanism causes blood to flow?

Why doesn't blood just sit still?

[tough shadow]

low

flow

=portata

[burnt bison]

So, we have two relations.
Bernoulli's equation (with h = const): p1 + ρv1^2/2 = p2 + ρv2^2/2.
Continuity equation: S1 v1 = S2 v2.
And you need to find p1 - p2.

[frigid shoal]

No.

What makes the blood flow?

[tough shadow]

acceleration?

[burnt bison]

Ok, ping me when you're done with that, I guess...

[frigid shoal]

When does a person's blood stop flowing?

[tough shadow]

😭

when he is dead

[frigid shoal]

And what causes that?

[tough shadow]

when the heart stops beating

[frigid shoal]

Right.

The heart is what causes blood to flow.

And how does it do that?

[tough shadow]

u mean

F

force

[frigid shoal]

...no.

[tough shadow]

Energy?

[frigid shoal]

Stop guessing.

Especially stop guessing random physics terms.

We're talking about a heart and what it does.

[tough shadow]

heart makes blood flow

[frigid shoal]

If we weren't talking about this problem, and I just walked up to you and asked "what does the heart do?" what would be your answer?

[tough shadow]

it pumps blood inside the body

[frigid shoal]

Yes, pumps.

And the way a pump works is by increasing pressure.

[tough shadow]

mind blowing

[frigid shoal]

And pressure is force over area.

p = F/S.

[tough shadow]

damn

[frigid shoal]

And because all of the blood gets its pressure from the heart, it all has the same pressure.

...hold on, I might be screwing up here.

The blood does all pump from the heart, so something is constant everywhere in the blood.

(Ignoring arteries, which also pump.)

[burnt bison]

Well, total pressure is a bit of an ambiguous term. Basically, the const in p + ρgh + ρv^2/2 = const is that constant total pressure.

I kinda forgot its physical significance, though...

One sec, let me look that up.

[tough shadow]

tomorrow i got exam im screwed

[frigid shoal]

Okay, yes, pressure is constant. Which means that when surface area increases, force must also increase.

But work is also constant, and work is force times distance.

So when force increases, distance must decrease.

[tough shadow]

ye

[frigid shoal]

And speed is distance over time.

So that's why the speed decreases.

[tough shadow]

m/s

[frigid shoal]

Because distance decreases, because force increases, because surface area increases, because pressure and work are both constant.

[tough shadow]

ok

[frigid shoal]

So in some amount of time t, some volume of fluid f passes through the cross section at some velocity v.

[tough shadow]

and this is FLOW

ez

[burnt bison]

Ok, couldn't find a good source.
We can just think of it as some abstract conserved pressure - the sum of actual pressure (a work-related term, kind of), a potential energy-related term and a kinetic energy-related term. It is constant for any section in an ideal liquid flow.

[frigid shoal]

Okay, wait, this is simpler than I thought.

[burnt bison]

Ah, I remember what that is now! That constant is total energy density. It has units J/m^3, so it just coincides with units of pressure.
That is, if we treat the constant term as E/V, then multiplying the whole equation by V gives pV + mgh + mv^2/2 = E, in which you can clearly see that the terms correspond to work, potential energy and kinetic energy.
(a bit better to take dE/dV, I guess, but I think you get what I'm saying)

[frigid shoal]

The heart pumps by inflating with blood, then contracting, sending the blood out of it.

So in one time interval, which we can measure as one heart pump, it sends some volume f through the arteries.

And f is constant.

And f is Sv.

Or.

Yes.

Volume per unit time equals area times length per unit time.

[frigid shoal]

@tough shadow This is the physical intuition we need.

[tough shadow]

i know this

[burnt bison]

Ah, nice!

[tough shadow]

but in italian

[frigid shoal]

What I'm trying to get across, more than how to do this specific problem, is how to think about problems in general to solve them even if you haven't been explicitly taught the specific mathematical relationships that govern them.

[tough shadow]

this would be of great help

[frigid shoal]

Because if you can do that, you can use the same technique to work out how to apply the equations you have been taught.

[tough shadow]

yea cuz

in the equation of bernoulli

its like the same

as another one i studied

but the only thing it differs is where its applied

the conservation of energy

or something

[frigid shoal]

So flow is constant, which is cross-sectional area times velocity, hence when area increases, velocity decreases.

Now, pressure...

[tough shadow]

wait

i got in my notebook that

flow is

variation of v / variaton of t

not v times t

[frigid shoal]

...what?

[tough shadow]

didnt u just say

[frigid shoal]

What are v and t?

[tough shadow]

Velocity and time

vi - vf = variation of v

[frigid shoal]

...so "flow" is an acceleration?

[tough shadow]

initial v - final v

[tough shadow]

no its

divided

not multiplied

[frigid shoal]

...yes.

Velocity divided by time.

Velocity is length divided by time.

So velocity divided by time is length divided by time squared.

That's acceleration.

[tough shadow]

yes

O

I GOT IT

so if area increases

[frigid shoal]

Are you sure this v isn't referring to volume?

[tough shadow]

nono wait hear me out

area is m right

[frigid shoal]

...what?

[tough shadow]

V is = to m/s

velocity

[frigid shoal]

Area is measured in meters? No.

[tough shadow]

space / time

ok idk

cant guess

[frigid shoal]

Area is measured in meters squared.

[tough shadow]

so

ah

[frigid shoal]

If this v is referring to volume, we're actually saying exactly the same thing.

[tough shadow]

ig im reading it wrong

[frigid shoal]

You should really use whole words in your notes.

Even multiple whole words.

[tough shadow]

truee

[frigid shoal]

Since the point is to understand the mathematical relationship between quantities, not to memorize an equation free of context.

[tough shadow]

😭

[frigid shoal]

Yep.

[burnt bison]

Oh, so "portata" is volumetric flow rate. Interesting.

[tough shadow]

yes

so i can say

[frigid shoal]

Which is equal to velocity times cross-sectional area.

Hence the decrease in velocity coinciding with an increase in area.

So now pressure.

My personal intuition of pressure is based on gravitational pressure in a static fluid.

Let's see if I can adapt it here.

So the heart is providing constant volumetric flow...

So hypothetically, if some fluid ahead of it was static...

Then it would be experiencing a force?

Because the fluid behind it would be trying to move forward.

[tough shadow]

ye

because maybe

the section before is faster

and the 2 section might be slower and block the first section

[frigid shoal]

...not "maybe".

I said "if some fluid was static".

Still.

Not moving.

[tough shadow]

ooo

i read wrong

i tought i read stationary

[frigid shoal]

I mean, that also means the same thing.

[tough shadow]

yes then its going to block it

isnt stationary a constant movement?

[frigid shoal]

Well, it's not going to block it.

[frigid shoal]

No.

Like, okay.

[frigid shoal]

The heart fills with blood, then pumps.

So suppose we're in the instant just before the pump.

Suppose also that the blood was stationary before this.

Then the first pump will send a wave of pressure through the blood at the speed of sound-in-blood.

How does this pressure wave work...

Well, pressure is force over area.

So we need to find the force with which the heart is pumping.

And force equals mass times acceleration.

[burnt bison]

I think an energy approach might be more useful in deriving Bernoulli's equation.

[frigid shoal]

No, wait, this feels like the wrong track.

[burnt bison]

(well, energy density, but doesn't really matter)

[frigid shoal]

Okay, wait, this is simple, right? Pressure is force over area. If the force is constant, which it is, because the mass of the blood the heart pumps and the rate to which it accelerates it are constant, then as area increases, pressure decreases.

[tough shadow]

alr got it

[frigid shoal]

Or wait, the heart is kind of providing continuous force, so should we think in terms of impulse?

[tough shadow]

so

if there is a bigger area

pressure goes down

[frigid shoal]

Right.

[tough shadow]

because it has to cover more

space

but

if force gets higher

pressure goes up

because it has more force

[frigid shoal]

Right.

[tough shadow]

and thats all

[frigid shoal]

You can understand a lot of physical intuition just from how the various physical quantities are defined.

In this case, pressure as force over area.

That's kind of what I was talking about with dimensional analysis.

[tough shadow]

ok

now+

is there any more things i need to know or can i proceed with problems

[frigid shoal]

Well, in order to actually calculate the pressure of the fluid, we need to know the force of it.

[tough shadow]

force is mass x acceleration right

no wait

[frigid shoal]

Right.

[tough shadow]

oh ok

[frigid shoal]

And that feels like it'll be a problem.

Because we have the density and the volume, so the mass is no problem, but what's the acceleration?

We only have velocity.

[tough shadow]

we can do reverse formula

v=at

oh

[frigid shoal]

It would actually be delta-v, which we don't know, we're given velocity as constant.

[tough shadow]

nvm

why dont we

just do

dgh

= pressure

density x gravity x height

@frigid shoal

if we dont have height we just reverse formula it

no wait we cnat

cant

[frigid shoal]

Because we're not thinking about "things to do", we're trying to understand what is happening.

[tough shadow]

whats

pressure

[frigid shoal]

Pressure is force over area.

[tough shadow]

too much lag

measures

im lagging

like a lot+

ok

im back

[frigid shoal]

Like your brain or your computer?

[tough shadow]

so

my wifi

[frigid shoal]

Ah.

[tough shadow]

i wanted to know

the measures

like v = m/s

[frigid shoal]

Units?

[tough shadow]

yes

i remember

Pa

was similiar to

nvm

[frigid shoal]

Pressure is measured in pascals, which are N/m^2, which makes them...kg/ms^2.

That is, kilograms over meters times seconds squared.

[tough shadow]

idk

im stressing too much over it

[frigid shoal]

Maybe you need a break?

[tough shadow]

no

cuz

exam tomorrow

[frigid shoal]

Yes, but we've covered a lot. A short break will help you process what you've learned and give you more energy to continue.

[tough shadow]

i come back in 10 minutes

i go to bed

[frigid shoal]

What?

[tough shadow]

im going to have a break for 10 minutes

[frigid shoal]

Are you telling me you're going to take a ten minute nap?

[tough shadow]

no its a memory tecnique

technique

[frigid shoal]

Alright.

[tough shadow]

to focus more

[burnt bison]

Probably better to write it as kg/(m*s^2), since ms looks more like millisecond that meter*second.

[frigid shoal]

Yeah, I realized that, which is why I said it again in words.

[burnt bison]

Ah, yeah, right.

[tough shadow]

hello chat

techie can u give me the answer

now

@frigid shoal

[frigid shoal]

The answer to what?

[tough shadow]

.

[frigid shoal]

Right, I don't know if that train of thought is fruitful.

[burnt bison]

I'm also thinking about the derivation, but one part of it I don't quite understand after some time, so for now I'm not going to write it.

[tough shadow]

shall we try do some excersises

but like easier

and gradually we increase difficulty

[frigid shoal]

It's not about the difficulty of the problem.

[tough shadow]

its to grasp the logic

but if i cant train with concrete excerises and i only focus on theory idk if i will be able to do excerises

excersizes

[frigid shoal]

The questions are just special cases of the theory.

Understanding the theory is the key to everything.

If you only learn how to do exercises, you'll struggle when you come across an exercise of a type that wasn't covered.

[tough shadow]

lets do theory

[frigid shoal]

Okay, so force definitely is constant.

[tough shadow]

ok

[frigid shoal]

Because the heart accelerates one pump's worth of blood from 0 to v in one pump's worth of time.

[tough shadow]

ok

[frigid shoal]

And constant force, plus increased surface area, equals decreased pressure.

[tough shadow]

yes

[frigid shoal]

Except...

A faster fluid exerts a greater pressure.

[tough shadow]

so acceleration is proportional to pressure

[frigid shoal]

Wait no.

Faster fluid exerts lower pressure.

[tough shadow]

proportional inversed

then

[frigid shoal]

Which is what's confusing me here, because the fluid in the wider section is flowing slower.

[tough shadow]

fluid in wider section goes slower because if the area is bigger the pressure is smaller

[frigid shoal]

No, it's because flow is constant.

Think about it like this; flow has to be constant.

Why?

Because imagine if it wasn't.

[tough shadow]

i get it why it has to be costant

[frigid shoal]

Right.

And flow is cross-sectional area times velocity.

[tough shadow]

how do i write that

in the formula

q=A*v

?

[frigid shoal]

"flow = area * velocity". We've talked about using single letters in notes and the problems that causes you.

[tough shadow]

yes

thats why i used small v instead of big V

[frigid shoal]

Yes, but that didn't help you the other time.

What's most important is that you know what you mean.

[tough shadow]

ok

[frigid shoal]

Which is why I recommend using whole words.

Because this isn't some abstract equation, it's a mathematical relationship between physical quantities.

[tough shadow]

ok

@frigid shoal

i got only 30 minutes

[frigid shoal]

Okay, sorry.

[tough shadow]

cuz im really tired

[tough shadow]

dw

[frigid shoal]

So the fluid in the wider pipe goes slower.

That means that it must be decelerated.

It must experience negative net force.

[tough shadow]

yes

[frigid shoal]

Which means that the pressure in front must exceed the pressure behind!

[tough shadow]

so this means that behind the first fluid there is a pressure wich is smaller than his

[frigid shoal]

It means that the pressure in the small pipe is smaller than the pressure in the big pipe.

[tough shadow]

ok

[frigid shoal]

And force equals mass times acceleration, and we can calculate the mass of any given volume of the fluid.

[tough shadow]

because

wait

[frigid shoal]

Because we have the density.

[tough shadow]

if its blood

its not water

so we dont know density

[frigid shoal]

No, we're given density.

[tough shadow]

or is it 1000 for every fluid

[frigid shoal]

Read back the problem.

[tough shadow]

oh true

we got volume and density

wich we get mass from

[frigid shoal]

So we know the mass of a given volume of fluid.

[tough shadow]

yes

[frigid shoal]

And we can calculate the change in velocity because we can calculate the volumetric flow and the areas of the two pipes.

[tough shadow]

with SaVa=SbVb?

[frigid shoal]

Right.

[tough shadow]

but

there are 2 x

2 unknown values

[frigid shoal]

Which ones?

[tough shadow]

Area

S

[frigid shoal]

...yes, we can calculate that. We're given the radii.

[tough shadow]

how

dont tell me

2 pi x radius actually works

[frigid shoal]

No.

[tough shadow]

then how

[frigid shoal]

Remember, we want an area.

An area is a length, squared.

So the formula for an area must have a length times a length.

[tough shadow]

radius x radius?

[frigid shoal]

Right, but not just that...

[tough shadow]

pi

x

radius at second?

[frigid shoal]

A = pi r^2?

[tough shadow]

yes

[frigid shoal]

That's correct.

[tough shadow]

Nice!

[frigid shoal]

2 pi r is the circumference.

[tough shadow]

circle is pi r 2?

[frigid shoal]

The area of a circle is pi r^2. The circumference of a circle - its perimieter - is 2 pi r.

[tough shadow]

alr

im gonna tell u all the formulas i have

in my notebook

tell me if i miss any

SaVa=SbVb Continuity equation
** Bernoulli** when there is 1 section / 1/2 dv at second+ dgh + P= cost / the other way when there are 2 sections/ (a) 1/2 dv at second+ dgh + P=1/2 dv at second+ dgh + P (b)
Pressure=Force/A
Pressure=dgh
Flow Rate= Delta-Volume/Delta-Time
Flow rate= Area times velocity
Velocity=square root of 2gh

[frigid shoal]

Okay, that second one, we didn't go over, and it feels like you're doing exactly what you shouldn't, which is just invoking an equation without understanding it.

[tough shadow]

nono i understand that

[frigid shoal]

Then explain it.

[tough shadow]

basically when we have 2 sections

instead of 1

[frigid shoal]

No, start with the one-section case.

[tough shadow]

when we have 1 section

we got this equation wich explains us that the sum of 1/2 dv at second+ dgh + P is equal to a costant wich is similiar to every place we pick inside the section

[frigid shoal]

Why?

[tough shadow]

i can tell u with logic

velocity is costant

idk

[frigid shoal]

No it's not.

[tough shadow]

i give up

i was thinking

that even if velocity isnt costant

then the height is going to change

[frigid shoal]

What height?

[tough shadow]

of the section

[frigid shoal]

And why does that matter?

[tough shadow]

so the sum is always the same

[frigid shoal]

But why should the sum always be the same?

[tough shadow]

because the pressure covers the entire area

[frigid shoal]

...what?

[tough shadow]

idk 😭

[frigid shoal]

It's always important to be able to say you don't know.

[tough shadow]

the sum is always the same cuz bernoulli told me

[frigid shoal]

Okay, so.

We have the density of the fluid.

We have the velocity through the one part.

We have the radius of the one part.

We have the radius of the other part.

This velocity and these radii enable us to calculate the areas and therefore the velocity through the other part.

So perhaps do that first.

[tough shadow]

then we get the pressure

[frigid shoal]

...what?

[tough shadow]

mb we dont have force

[frigid shoal]

Right, and that's the point of getting the second velocity.

Wait, dammit, acceleration is change in velocity over time.

I don't want to be mean, but maybe you should've started studying earlier.

[tough shadow]

i tried but my teacher doesent talk much bout theory

she just tells us what problems we are going to get in the exam

and to learn them

[frigid shoal]

Yeah, your teacher doesn't... teach you.

[tough shadow]

1 thing

in this problem

cant we simplify height

and remove it

[frigid shoal]

I don't know because I don't know how height actually relates to the problem.

[tough shadow]

arent we using bernoulli

[frigid shoal]

Okay, but remember.

It's not an arbitrary equation.

It's a description of a mathematical relationship between physical quantities.

I don't know what causes height to appear as a term.

What physical phenomenon its presence in the equation is meant to account for.

[tough shadow]

?

can u rephrase

u mean

what happens in the problem?

there are 2 sections and in one of them there is a bigger radius than the other

[frigid shoal]

We're talking about physical fluid flowing through a physical pipe.

So how does height physically affect the pressure?

[tough shadow]

higher the height lower the pressure?

@frigid shoali give up

can u just tell me how to get the force

i will study tomorrow i got 3 hours before exam

[frigid shoal]

Unfortunately I think it actually involves calculus.

[tough shadow]

CALCULUS?

whats that

i didnt arrive there yet

BRO

I CANT

I STRUGGLED SO FUCKING MUCH

AND THE ANSWER WAS

v

welp

thx for ur time

i really appreciated it

@frigid shoal

[frigid shoal]

Sorry I couldn't help more.

[tough shadow]

we basically

finished it

we didnt need to find out about the single Pressure value

the problem never asked it

:/

[burnt bison]

Oh, you can't find p1 and p2 separately here.

Only the difference.

[tough shadow]

yes

btw

are yall teachers?

or aspriring to teach

[burnt bison]

I'm a part-time calculus teacher.

[tough shadow]

@frigid shoal

Can you help me with some excersizes

it says pressure is a number in the first section is 8,0 x 10^4 and that in the second section the diameter is halfed

and in the problem it does Sa=Sb/4

why /4?

[tough shadow]

ez

i did 4/5 excersizes

on the exam

[burnt bison]

Nice!

[tough shadow]

you guys saved me

now i need help on

the equation of a circumference

but i alr

studied a bit

way more than yesterday with physics

when i get home

[burnt bison]

Well, if it's a question on a different topic, it's better to make another help post.

[tough shadow]

alr

u can close this one