#Quadratic Equations

660 messages · Page 1 of 1 (latest)

unborn scaffold
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X-a(x-b)/x-c = y --- say
rearranging i get (a+c+y)^2 -4(ac+by)
idk wht to do after this

fickle steepleBOT
#
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queen cobalt
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@mental gull You asked this before, right?

unborn scaffold
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i got locked out of that account

unborn scaffold
queen cobalt
unborn scaffold
queen cobalt
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Rational functions are continuous and assume all real values on their domain

unborn scaffold
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he says D>=0 cuz x belongs to R

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i cant understand why

unborn scaffold
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.-.

unborn scaffold
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pls help someone

meager mothBOT
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@unborn scaffold

:HelpIcon:| Help Reminder

Hello nolifeifnomath, this is a friendly reminder that your help request has been inactive for more than 24 hours. If you no longer need assistance, please consider closing the thread using the +close command. This thread will be automatically closed in 3 days if it remains inactive.

meager mothBOT
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@queen cobalt The user still needs help with this help request.

covert ivy
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go down to removable discontinuities

covert ivy
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have you done any though?

unborn scaffold
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like limits and diff to an extent

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(basic)

covert ivy
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say that a = 1, b = 2 and c = 3, or the other way around, b still = 2

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there would be a discontinuity at x = 2, as one cannot divide by zero

unborn scaffold
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wait

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ill see it rn

covert ivy
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"discontinuity" means that the function "breaks" at a certain point

unborn scaffold
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but idts this answers my doubt.. how can D>=0

unborn scaffold
covert ivy
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either because it jumps up or because there is an undefined value

covert ivy
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so, the point is to rearrange f(x) so that there is not such discontinuity

unborn scaffold
unborn scaffold
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break in the sense

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it cannot input any more values right

covert ivy
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no in the sense that there is a hole

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an undefined value

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or, in the sense that suddenly it jumps up

unborn scaffold
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this is the vertex of the parabola..

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how is it undefined

covert ivy
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anything/0 is undefined

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if b = 2 and x = 2, x-b = 0

unborn scaffold
covert ivy
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thus anything/x-b = undefined

unborn scaffold
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yea..

covert ivy
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so it cannot be shown on a graph

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the value doesn't exist on the graph

unborn scaffold
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Ok... how is this related to my q?

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my q is

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How can D>=0

covert ivy
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is D the discriminant?

unborn scaffold
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they have set x-a(x-c)/(x-b) = y
and then made it into a quad eqn

covert ivy
unborn scaffold
unborn scaffold
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its x

covert ivy
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no

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i mean the quadratic (a+c+y)^2-4(ac+by)

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is the y there f(x)

unborn scaffold
covert ivy
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ok

unborn scaffold
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the whole eqn

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and that is the discrimantn

covert ivy
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that's what i was gonna ask

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so you jumped straight to determinant

unborn scaffold
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my baddd

covert ivy
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well

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in that case

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say that y = 0

unborn scaffold
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ok..

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x-a*x-c

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x=a or x=

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c

covert ivy
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(a+c)^2 = a^2+c^2+2ca

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and then 4(ac) = 4ac

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if a or c = 0, (a+c)^2 > 4ac

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if a and c = 1, (a+c)^2 = 4ac

cobalt ether
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Um wouldn’t IVT solve this with case division

covert ivy
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perhaps

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never heard of it

cobalt ether
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The function is continuous on (-∞,b) ∪ (b,∞)

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It also has a degree 1 vertical asymptote at b, so we get that the left and right limits go to -∞ and ∞ respectively

covert ivy
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yes, but the question i am answering is why the discriminant is >= 0

cobalt ether
covert ivy
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and jumped straight to the determinant

unborn scaffold
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discriminant

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pls

covert ivy
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sorry

unborn scaffold
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anyway

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how is it D>=0

covert ivy
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in french it's determinant

unborn scaffold
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ohhh

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mb then

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its regional then cool

covert ivy
covert ivy
covert ivy
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if it is bigger than one, then (a+c)^2 is bigger than 4ac

unborn scaffold
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dude

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he says

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x belongs to R

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so

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D>=0

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im very confused

covert ivy
cobalt ether
covert ivy
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makes sense

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so

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the determinant must be positive for its square root to produce a real number

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if it is negative, the sqrt(D) will produce a complex number

unborn scaffold
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heh

covert ivy
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yes

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when you solve a quadratic equation ax^2 + bx + c = 0, to find the two values of the variable you use:

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$x_1 = \frac{-b + \sqrt{D}}{2a} and x_2 = \frac{-b - \sqrt{D}}{2a}$

fast salmonBOT
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Kara Ben Nemsi

covert ivy
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finally

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so

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D has to be positive, also known as >=0, for x to belong to R

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assuming a, b and c are real numbers, the only thing that determines whether x is real or not is whether D is >= 0 or not

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that's why you were told that if x belong to R, which is a given in the exercise, D >= 0

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$\sqrt{-D} = i\sqrt{D}$

unborn scaffold
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OH

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OH

fast salmonBOT
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Kara Ben Nemsi

unborn scaffold
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x must real values

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damn

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ok got it damn

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so big brain

cobalt ether
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(x-a)(x-c) = y(x-b)
x^2 - (a+c)x + ac = xy - by
x^2 - (a+c+y)x + ac+by = 0
x = (a+c+y + √((a+c+y)^2 - 4ac - 4by))/2

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Well that proves it, as the thing inside the square root is always positive by AM-GM

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Hence for any y you can find 2 x that give you that y

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Lmao

covert ivy
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it's /2a, what if a = 0

unborn scaffold
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u big brain as helll

covert ivy
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nvm, it's still defined

covert ivy
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whoops

unborn scaffold
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which

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i cant understand

cobalt ether
covert ivy
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exactly, it would still be defined, that's what made me realize what i said didn't matter

cobalt ether
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What

covert ivy
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if a = 0, a in the discriminant is just 1, always

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as x^2 has a coefficient of one in the equation
x^2 - (a+c+y)x + ac+by = 0

unborn scaffold
covert ivy
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look at what i wrote

cobalt ether
covert ivy
cobalt ether
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$b\leq \frac{(a+c+y)^2 - 4ac}{4y}$

covert ivy
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that poses a problem

fast salmonBOT
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Ravi ≥ ^• ∧ •^ ≤

unborn scaffold
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wait i have doubt then

unborn scaffold
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is it <=0 or >=0

cobalt ether
unborn scaffold
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he says its D<=0

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💀

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the soln i ean

covert ivy
fast salmonBOT
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Kara Ben Nemsi

unborn scaffold
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ok wait lemme figure this out, y is real for sure.. and D>=0

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so parabola goes up

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which means

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y is +ve

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or negative too..

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cuz it intesects x axis

covert ivy
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where $\alpha$ is the coefficient for $x^2$; in this case 1, $\beta$ is the coefficient for $x$; in this case $(a+c+y)$ and $\gamma$ is equal to $ac + by$

fast salmonBOT
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Kara Ben Nemsi

covert ivy
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then, when we do $\frac{-b + \sqrt{D}}{2\alpha}$; $\alpha = 1$; so $2\alpha = 2$

fast salmonBOT
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Kara Ben Nemsi

covert ivy
unborn scaffold
covert ivy
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also @cobalt ether what might help is that a, b and c are in either descending or ascending order

cobalt ether
fast salmonBOT
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Ravi ≥ ^• ∧ •^ ≤

cobalt ether
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$y = (2b-a-c) \pm \sqrt{(a+c-2b)^2 - (a-c)^2}$

fast salmonBOT
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Ravi ≥ ^• ∧ •^ ≤

unborn scaffold
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my mind

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is so

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confused rn

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how is D<=0

unborn scaffold
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like y^2 +2(a+c-2b)y+(a-c)^2>=0
and for it go up coeff of y^2 must be positive so yea, ok and since it can give value 0 too we say its D<=0

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?

covert ivy
covert ivy
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the discriminant is assumed to be always positive, that is what im trying to prove right now

covert ivy
covert ivy
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$D = (a+c+y)^2 - 4(ac+by)$

fast salmonBOT
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Kara Ben Nemsi

unborn scaffold
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i have

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been

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successfully confused

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by myself

covert ivy
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ok quick recap

covert ivy
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that is the answer to one of your questions

unborn scaffold
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yea yea

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i understand

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that

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but

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then u get another eqn

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when u do D>=0

covert ivy
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you ignore that, don't do it

unborn scaffold
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u have to do it

covert ivy
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i don't think it's necessary

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D is assumed to be >= 0 as x belongs to the real numbers

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if D < 0; then x belongs to the complex/imaginary numbers

unborn scaffold
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we have proved its >=0

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i mean u have proved

covert ivy
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that's it

unborn scaffold
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but

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see my message after that

covert ivy
unborn scaffold
covert ivy
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you don't need to develop the equation though

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we are not trying to find specific values, we are trying to prove it can assume any value

covert ivy
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that is always bigger than zero since x belongs to R

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and boom

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that's all we need

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we then plug in D into this equation:

$\frac{-(a + c + y) \pm \sqrt{[(a+c+y)^2 - 4(ac+by)]}}{2 \cdot 1}$

fast salmonBOT
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Kara Ben Nemsi

covert ivy
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these are the possible values for x

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that are supposedly always real

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we are trying to prove that this equation always produces a real number

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that is all

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i was gonna work on math

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but not this kind

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lol

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i got heavily invested

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anyway, now to prove that D is always positive ignoring the fact that x belongs to R

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using proof by AM-GM, as Ravi suggested:

covert ivy
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$(a+c+y)^2 = (a+c)^2 + y^2 + 2(a+c)y$

$(a-c)^2 = a^2+c^2-2ac$

$(a-c)^2 \geq 0$

fast salmonBOT
#

Kara Ben Nemsi

covert ivy
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these are the assumptions

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from this we can deduce that $a^2+c^2-2ac \geq 0$

consequently $a^2+c^2+2ac-4ac\geq0$

thus $a^2+c^2+2ac\geq4ac$

finally we have $(a+c)^2\geq4ac$

fast salmonBOT
#

Kara Ben Nemsi

covert ivy
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now we need to show that $y^2 + 2(a+c)y \geq 4by$

fast salmonBOT
#

Kara Ben Nemsi

covert ivy
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which can be simplified to $y + 2(a+c) \geq 4b$

fast salmonBOT
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Kara Ben Nemsi

covert ivy
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@cobalt ether one question: we are trying to prove that f(x) can assume any real value, so we are trying to prove that y can assume any real value. how does this proof with which we have come up relate to that, if it does?

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what we have proved so far, or shown, is the values x can take up

covert ivy
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in the sense that if one x makes the equation undefined, there is always another x that will give a value, right?

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which makes sense, y point to + or - infinity as x points to two

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also i asked my teacher if the fact that x belongs to the real numbers proves that D is always positive, he said it's a valid proof

covert ivy
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so y can take any value, and there will be at least one x that exists for that value

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this should normally be valid. if yes, wow. what a ride

cobalt ether
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The fact that a,b,c are ascending/descending isn’t enough with that condition to prove the statement

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IVT is the way I’d approach this

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First of all, the equation remains the same if a and c are switched, so WLOG a < c

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After that from a<b<c you get that the range of the function on (-∞,b) is a set containing (-∞,0] and the function on the interval (b,∞) has a range that has [0,∞) as a subset

QED

covert ivy
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welp, there we go

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i never imagined doing math with other people would be this fun

covert ivy
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i just realized. they are in ascending or descending order of magnitude

covert ivy
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does this give way to an easier/different proof?

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because multiplying a number by 2 does not increase its order of magnitude, so 4by is always smaller than or equal to 2cy. If y is negative, 4by would be bigger than 2(a+c)y, so we can add that to both sides, and 4by - 2(a+c)y would remain negative, while y would remain positive, thus this equation still holds true.

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so, if this proof is correct/works/is strong enough, we have proved that [(a+c+y)^2 - 4(ac+by)] is always bigger than or equal to 0

unborn scaffold
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wait

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ill send the ans? cuz im confused, i understood half part and the rest of the half part i kinda understood but its confusing

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why is D<=0

unborn scaffold
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how can D<=0 cuz fucking y must have real values

unborn scaffold
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help pls

covert ivy
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im thinking yeah

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perhaps they rearranged it

unborn scaffold
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its right it seems

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a frnd of mine says it has no soln

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@queen cobalt sorry for ping u gotta help me

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its urgent

unborn scaffold
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@covert ivy i think wtv u told is wrong or i have confused myself

ancient hill
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hmm

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$(x-a)(x-c)=k(x-b)$

fast salmonBOT
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CEO of Funny

ancient hill
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turn this into a quadratic equation of the general form @unborn scaffold

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then show that k can assume any value

fast salmonBOT
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CEO of Funny

ancient hill
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||you want to show that k can achieve any real value in the above equation, for real x. this is equivalent to saying that for any k, x will be real. emphasis on "x will be real"||

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@unborn scaffold

unborn scaffold
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hello

unborn scaffold
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how is D>=0

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thats my doubt

ancient hill
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oh lol

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$D=(a+c+k)^2-4ac-4kb$

fast salmonBOT
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CEO of Funny

ancient hill
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just expand it

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and u are done

unborn scaffold
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how is it >=0

ancient hill
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its a perfect square

unborn scaffold
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💀 but book says

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cuz all x belongs to R

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so D>=0

ancient hill
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🗣️

unborn scaffold
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heh

ancient hill
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But that doesnt show anything

unborn scaffold
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ikr

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same reason i said

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no wait prob u getting confused

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
fast salmonBOT
#

Couldn't find an attached image in the last 10 messages.

ancient hill
#

,rotate

fast salmonBOT
ancient hill
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$ay^2+by+c\ge 0$ implies that $D\le 0$

fast salmonBOT
#

CEO of Funny

ancient hill
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Cuz for the quadratic to be above the x-axis always, u need the discriminant to be negative

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So that it doesnt have a root and go under

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@unborn scaffold

unborn scaffold
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Oi

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i asked why >=0

ancient hill
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they specified

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cuz x real

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@unborn scaffold

unborn scaffold
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even in graph of a<0 D<0 (a is leading coefficient) x is all real

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@ancient hill

ancient hill
fast salmonBOT
#

miguel_125

ancient hill
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x is root of this right?

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and x is real right??

unborn scaffold
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yep

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oh

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yea

ancient hill
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sooo

unborn scaffold
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oH

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Damn

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wait

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wait

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@ancient hill

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-x^2 +ax+ b a and b are fixed say D<0, then x is also root of this

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then it means

unborn scaffold
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of real values..

ancient hill
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?????????????

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is the root, x, real?

unborn scaffold
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im also confused like u

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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mf im not confused

ancient hill
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now here, x, the root

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is real

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so D>0

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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how so

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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we already know x is real na

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cuz of the question

unborn scaffold
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how is x the root then like i get it x is root

ancient hill
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Bruh

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Say x_1 is the root

unborn scaffold
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then D<0 case which i said, x is also root there

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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ahhhh latex user

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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but

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it shd input real values of x

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for it form a parabola

ancient hill
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thats the function bro

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not the equation

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thats f(x)=stuff not 0=stuff

unborn scaffold
#

yk what, i have struggling and breaking my mind on this q for 4 days prob thats the reason im doing shit, ill do chem and ttyl @8pm if that sounds good..

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so sorry bro im very confused cuz of this q

ancient hill
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yea sure

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lol dont be sorry bro

covert ivy
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pls dont close this thread yet

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id like to go over the solutions cause its a very interesting problem that i want to write down

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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hmm

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@unborn scaffold

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imma explain the solution step by step

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Now

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u can read it later or whenevre u wantm

unborn scaffold
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Wait

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oh

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im contemplating it lol

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kk u do that

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i solved it using inequalities method too ig (wavy curve)

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or wait lemme be present, u explain fully then i ask the soln

ancient hill
# fast salmon

Basically this is the soln.. so $x^2-(a+c+y)x+ac+by=0$ is quite clear.. now we know that $x$ is real, and since $x$ acts as a root of this quadratic, the discriminant of it should be $\ge 0$, so $(a+c+y)^2-4(ac+by)\ge 0$

fast salmonBOT
#

wolfqz

unborn scaffold
# fast salmon **wolfqz**

dude leave this q for now..

if i have an equation x^2 + ax + b. (a and b are fixed numbers)
x is real no matter what cuz u have to input real values of x.
D<0
it doesnt intersect x axis

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so any equation you take the values of x are supposed to be real

ancient hill
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This is wrong

unborn scaffold
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why

ancient hill
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Why dont u understand the difference between a function and an equation

unborn scaffold
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💀

ancient hill
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Oh damn

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Thata crazy

unborn scaffold
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i agree

ancient hill
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Anyways thats no how it works

ancient hill
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Its equal to 0

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When ur saying "we put values of x"

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its equal to y

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not 0

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where y is variable

unborn scaffold
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yea

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yea

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hmm ok yes mb then, then still

ancient hill
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This is an equation

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U put values in a function

unborn scaffold
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all eqns are functions na

ancient hill
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$ax^2+bx+c=0$ is not a parabola if you graph it

fast salmonBOT
#

wolfqz

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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why

ancient hill
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Depending on a,b,c

unborn scaffold
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5x^2 + 3x + 9

ancient hill
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From the very basics of graphs.. this is like 8th grade coordinate geo

unborn scaffold
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shd give me a parabola..

ancient hill
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But 5x^2+3x+9=0 should not

unborn scaffold
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oh

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shit

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=0

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mb

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fuck

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yea obv it wont give you a parabola

ancient hill
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Yess

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It just highlights the roots of that parabola y=5x^2+3x+9

unborn scaffold
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yea yea

ancient hill
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its just the two (or less) roots of y=x^2+ax+b

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So what this means

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Is that if in x^2+ax+b=0, x is real

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Then that means the root is real no?

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@unborn scaffold

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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D>=0 is self explanatory given the root is real

unborn scaffold
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i get ur explanation

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but

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wait

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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ill send one thing tho

ancient hill
#

?

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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in each of these it says x belongs to r

ancient hill
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They are the functions

unborn scaffold
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ok so?

ancient hill
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When u say f(x)=x^2+ax+b

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U can take any value of x

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And f(x) will have a value corresponding to that

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When u say 0=x^2+ax+b

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U can only take x as some specific values

unborn scaffold
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2 or 1 values exist

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based on a and b

ancient hill
#

For which that relation works

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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but

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x belongs to R..

ancient hill
#

?

unborn scaffold
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so confusing bruh

ancient hill
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No its not

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ur confusing urself

unborn scaffold
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hmm

ancient hill
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We have f(x)=x^2+ax+b

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so when we say f(1) we mean 1+a+b

unborn scaffold
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yep

ancient hill
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Now

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when 0=x^2+ax+b

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We cant put the values of x by our choice

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Like we cant put x=1 just bcz we want to

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Also its not even guaranteed that x is real now

unborn scaffold
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see

ancient hill
#

?

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But in our question

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Its given in the start that x is real

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So we use that fact to say that D>=0

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
#

dont be sorry lmao

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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lmao dw

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im free eihterway

unborn scaffold
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i might reply only tomorrow cuz i have to do physics too 💀

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u goated asff

ancient hill
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no problemm

unborn scaffold
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can we just inequalities for this?

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----a----b----c------

  •       -          +           -
    

this shows u can accept all real values and get real values irrespective of the values of a b c and whether its descending or ascending

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btw thats wavy curve method

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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well i gotta understand the method u sayin no matter what

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kk i gotta do phy thx for helping tho, kara said the same but im a little confused still, ig got most of it cleared thx

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ill come tmr and see it again

covert ivy
unborn scaffold
unborn scaffold
#

@ancient hill I get that since x is real, the roots are real. However that is also the range of x right..
and in this photo you can see for example the first graph.

we will take its eqn to be x^2 + ax + b.

D <0 but however he has also said x belongs to R.

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@covert ivy if possible you also help

ancient hill
#

Bro

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Bro

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Bro

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Bro

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Please learn functions

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Just the basic meaning

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Not the entire thing

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U dont know the difference between a function and an equation

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Given an equation u cant just put whatever value of x, in a function you have the liberty to do that

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That's why, in a function, you can put whatever real value of x you want

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BUT IT WONT BE A ZERO

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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In the equation x^2+ax+b=0

unborn scaffold
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bruh

ancient hill
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x must be a zero

unborn scaffold
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i didnt know that lol mb

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ok now..

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(x-a)(x-c)/(x-b) is a function

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and x belongs to R

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according to Question

ancient hill
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$x^2-(a+c+y)x+ac+by=0$

fast salmonBOT
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wolfqz

unborn scaffold
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now i equate it to 0 with that y stuff etc etc

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
unborn scaffold
ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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sorry

ancient hill
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and x is a zero of that

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so the zero of that equation is real

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!!!

unborn scaffold
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holy shit

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5 days

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for this shit.

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waw

ancient hill
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🔥

unborn scaffold
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its a little confusing ngl but ig i got it

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wait can u give me 2-3 min to process

ancient hill
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Yea ofc

unborn scaffold
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ok yea damn

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i got it

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waw

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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ik

ancient hill
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We turned it into a quadratic equation of x

unborn scaffold
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like

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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Yea

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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Thats in the other equation

unborn scaffold
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oh wait fuck thats

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easy

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nvm

unborn scaffold
ancient hill
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$y^2+2(a+c-2b)y+(a-c)^2\ge 0$

unborn scaffold
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got it

fast salmonBOT
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wolfqz

ancient hill
unborn scaffold
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cuz graph up

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D<0

ancient hill
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Ye ye

unborn scaffold
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holy fuck bro

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@ancient hill 🙏 bro had the patience and time to teach me, truly goated asf

@covert ivy thank you tho, i wont be closing so that u can note it down, however u started it off well lol, u were right,

ancient hill
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🙏 ty ty

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yw

unborn scaffold
# ancient hill yw

i clear this one thing tho, equation is a function which has been equated to zero right?

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@ancient hill

ancient hill
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equated to anything basically

unborn scaffold
unborn scaffold
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wait every function and equation are the same-

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@ancient hill

ancient hill
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If theres an equation smth smth =0

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then u can treat that smth smth as a function

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And find its zeroes

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Thats equivalent

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🔥

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Obviously

unborn scaffold
#

no like 3x^2 =9 is a function
3x^2 -9 =0 is an equation @ancient hill

ancient hill
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3x^2=9 is an equation too

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3x^2-9 is a function

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3x^2-9=0 is an equation

unborn scaffold
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bro why am i dumb or smth

unborn scaffold
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yeaaa

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thx

ancient hill
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yw yw

unborn scaffold
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i hope ill understand

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ig i did but

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takes time ig

ancient hill
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hmmm yeah

unborn scaffold
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thanks

meager mothBOT
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@unborn scaffold

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unborn scaffold
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@covert ivy ping me when u done.

unborn scaffold
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here he hasnt said x is real tho

ancient hill
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hmm you'd assume it generally

unborn scaffold
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ah

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ok then

covert ivy
# ancient hill $y^2+2(a+c-2b)y+(a-c)^2\ge 0$

one question: if this equation is more than zero, then the discriminant must be less than zero, which is always true as shown by the following steps of the solution, correct?
we are pretty much saying this:

  • Since x is real, the square root of the discriminant must be real, a a, b and c already are real.
  • Consequently, the discriminant must be positive, since x is real.
  • We can prove this assumption by making the discriminant itself into another quadratic equation, that is this time not equal to zero but bigger than or equal to zero
  • Now, I don't understand why we automatically assume that equation's discriminant to be negative, and then try to prove it. Is it a prerequisite for that equation to be true? Why and how?
ancient hill
fast salmonBOT
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LordDarkpinger

covert ivy
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yes

ancient hill
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if its equal to $0$, it must touch the $x$-axis and return, giving $D=0$

fast salmonBOT
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LordDarkpinger

ancient hill
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if its greater than $0$, it never touches the $x$-axis, so no real roots, giving $D<0$

fast salmonBOT
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LordDarkpinger

covert ivy
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thanks a lot yes

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it came to me after the first part, ofc it will be complex if no real value satisfies it

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k when im back home ill write down the solution

covert ivy
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k im done writing it, you may close the post @unborn scaffold

meager mothBOT
# unborn scaffold +close
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# meager moth

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