#programming
1 messages · Page 367 of 1
soryuken
So, what's the password to the creepy website in Station.exe ?


+1 schizo in chat?
nah, same amount. n + 1 = n due to float stuff 
definitely mhm
Password is "Stick7"

Ref to minecraft HC marathon
exam was hard
guys what do y'all think about the RAM shortage
dentge
Hem
OpenAI must bankrupt
that like saying "questions in general are usually super easy"

broad statement that actually only apply situationally
for example, if you dont apply yourself

questions are easy tho
I don't fucking know how to do that
it sucks but so does anything else most of the time
i except to see such global scale oopsies more often
what? its not real. neuro ate all of them
oh shi-
Where do i click apply?
Got 64 gigs pc before all that and fine for gaming.
Might be a bit low if i wanna dive into building my own ai, but we'll see
add
jarvis, increase silliness by 14%
this will have a huge impact on the trout population in Djibouti
the plan was already to potentailly add some yuri depending on where the script goes
cant afford laptop for school, friend cant afford his pc, cant even upgrade my second pc
I was actually curious as to how neuron’s responses are apparently showing something like mode collapse - there’s a weird system at the back of this
You're talking to the worst person for this topic man. I know nothing about the inner workings of LLMs.
I think the weird part is it’s not necessarily an inner working cause there’s stuff basically bolted onto one
I just didn't buying everything what I don't need my entire life, and now I have laptop and strong computer 
Strategy not for all, but it worked.
That's an interesting topic. I just looked up what mode collapse is and if I'm not wrong, it's where the LLM falls into this apparently catatonic state where it loops over what it says, right?
It’s where the LLM ends up falling into a few specific patterns.. like vedal was saying how she hammers into philosophy or shitposting instead of a more even spread
ohh
She getting stuck in her ways
howdy world
I was thinking about a smaller frame like just two or three words repeated endlessly, but that is one direction it goes, too.
FUMOS!!!
with what was Nero train with?
I think it was a public database no?
GIB COPy plzplzpzl (I AM #1 BEST QA TESTER EU)
I can only speculate that she is a low-rank adaptation of an open weight model using a curated data set like chat logs of a type of person — but I really am guessing here. There’s also a memory system behind it which seems to be pretty uniquely effective
Fine tuning and lora are bad at introducing new knowledge (like other streamers’ names) so that memory system must be doing some crazy good work if it’s done that way
But like if there was training on her Detroit become human logs maybe that’s why she reaches for the topic more now?
I mean she used to really confuse names
She reads the discord names of who's talking to her in the call too
Lots of little systems coming together
Yeah and he has brought up fine tuning in the past
Could have shifted methods since as he was looking at others (im talking 2023)
Consider that with the success some of the higher tier methods might become viable
Especially considering internally she is kind of a monolith with a lot of legacy
(Still Airis internally in some areas)
I was looking into diarisation recently (determining the speaker in transcription)
Yeah I see stuff like that used for smart home devices like Google home
I haven't looked into it for ages though
Ah yeah I am using it for meeting transcripts but also rn I use nvidia parakeet to to voice to text and it has zero filter so it will pick up TV speech etc and put it through
I'm wondering if its possible for a language model to both train and infer at the same time
Would be cool to see
I used to have to use Azure to do that for production use
That’s the big money question of how to do this
Current LLMs are REALLY bad
Spiking Neural Networks are the best current alternative for actual neural plasticity
Hmm
my typing WPM can be like 100 in english prose but this is usually less stress lol thanks nVidia
different mode of thinking as well IMO between writing out stuff and verbalising
Fellow AC0 enjoyer? 
Ram shortage?
Yah, If you look at the clip of evil with the location bug, it's clear at the beginning Vedal was significantly more concerned before he started digging into it. You could kinda hear him relax as he diagnosed it as something else
that's drain, he doesn't matter
Yeah if that had happened, and Vedal wasn't keeping a log of the chats (unlikely), that situation would have been unsolveable.
If I'm correct with what base model he's using, philosophy is a pretty heavy weight in the base model so any tuning towards it would cause it to heavily stick
But with LLMs that I've been able to try on lm studio, if you just edit the text after they've said it, the LLM carries on as though that's what it originally said. Meaning that if an LLM gets stuck in a loop, you just go back to where it first started, and delete the message from there.
yo wassup #programming I heard there were recent untruthful and very misleading going on about me
A good memory system (rag + vector DB) does a huge amount of heavy lifting
what do you even mean with this sentence i had a stroke reading this
unfortunetly unless a advance in battery technology allows me to pack at least twice the amount of power in the same space my current laptop with a battery life of 2 hours will not cut it for school
there's no places to charge it in class?
i heard someone was making a swarm dedicated website that somewhat resembles pinterest here and already made a repo?
its most likely smt like a lecture hall im guessing
If that's the problem, it can be solved by modifying context (chat history) while feeding good context. The thing is usually that presents as a repeated phrase not a single word. The incoherence would trigger the gut worry of model collapse in pretty much anyone doing fine tuning
the ones i've been in always have outlets
they might be inconvenient but they are there
hmm then I'm not too sure I've seen a real instance of a model collapse, just the looping behaviour I described earlier
Oh that
there probably is but i havent toured the school yet so i would rather be safe than sorry
Gemini does that A LOT
i can try to get a battery upgrade but its nothing significant
I’m a creep. I’m a weirdo. What the hell am I doing here? I don’t belong here.
Basically what happens with model collapse is specific words or "tokens" end up being overweighted causing them to be selected incorrectly. This is hard if not impossible to recover from and usually requires returning to the base model and returning
you could get a power bank maybe
Sheesh
probably better value than upgrading the battery directly
yeah good idea ill look into that
An LLM is just autocomplete, so of course it does that
Yep.
That experience completely destroys any (de)illusion that chatGPT/Gemini/Grok/Claude/what-have-you can have any consciousness
Well autocomplete is more like an llm with like 20-30 tokens context
Hm i wonder if a visual metaphor for training an ai would be trying to build a house on a mountain peak as pointy as a needle, stacking floor above floor, growing wider and higher. using the model could be letting it rain and watching how the water flows
Auto complete doesn't have tool calls, multiple layers of decision making, decode or encode
i don't understand your metaphor
I prefer to use an extremely simple example for a neural network, like OCR with 10 possible outputs being 0-9, then the input being a 50x50 image or something
and you can visualize the network from each input pixel to the 10 outputs
That’s the example given from like 1970
and then describe it as like, a waterfall where the water falls through holes in multiple layers
inverted house of cards
that just wouldn't work
yeah but I find it easier to give someone an idea of a neural network that way first
I don’t see why you shouldn’t use that example lol I just mean it’s a classic
before actually talking about any specific architectures
often times people just want some vague understanding rather than like, how does Transformers or an RNN work or etc.
I'd say it's a probability machine where different pegs are slightly adjusted and each token is selected based off the highest pillar
a skyscraper on top of a mountain wouldn't really work either. Wasn't meant to be realistic, more abstract.
I was gonna say that someone might come away with a less deterministic image of it than it really is that way, but I suppose it doesn't really matter
Why pachinko is a scam

Each layer is a model layer the different peg sizes are selected based on the context/prompt tokenizer converts your $ into steel balls and lm head translates the column # to a token
and then you take your balls to the shop across the street to exchange for gifts
You take the balls across the street and exchange for hopefully passable code / an answer / etc
or you fucked up and get stuck because you can't convert it out of tensors properly so all you have are balls
Actually if you take a graphical representation of an ANN it looks a lot like the probability machine
actually here's a question, does anyone actually look at the classic box diagram of an NN and use it for actual information?
I always make them for figures in papers but I don't know if I can say I ever actually paid attention to one when reading one
I feel like I'd rather just get a text summary of an architecture
the figure is pleasing
NGL I mostly just poke at it until I decide if I like it
I usually just re-use some old architecture or use one someone else defined
and then write as if it was a profound discovery
although occasionally it gets awkward when someone asks what kind of model it is and I'll say "resnet", then they ask about the next one and I'll say "the same, resnet", and then repeat
for models for entirely unrelated tasks
training is connecting pipes in different directions and orders going downward independently
inferencing is running water down the pipes and see which pipe water comes out
*pipes in the middle might have invisibility

you did just read what i was typing, didn't you.
was about to say, the metaphor was non-technical for training,with emphasis on the risk of total collapse, not a technical one for how a model works.
I might actually do a write up for my stack at some point, I have most of the documentation
guys I have a better solution
"claude opus 4.5, please do a write-up for my stack and also write up all the documentation, thanks"
Cheesecake?
hey i didnt have many options
it was the same era i was researching machine learning tech for LLMs too
we just show them this ```python
if condition_1:
if another_condition_1:
if another_inner_condition_1:
say("lol.")
I will say that while I do not think a current day LLM is conscious, I'm not so sure about saying that behaviour like this means it's impossible
except its 100 ifs rather than 3
given that our human brains have some pretty silly ways to break and make us act like robots
hmmm true
There are moments where I think about how a certain LLM behaves, and it seems a little like how a human might
I have my documentation set up so opus can go through an index to find the correct module documentation because it maxes out context reading it
and we have hallucinations when our brains think they're getting visual signal when they are not, and we seemingly believe the hallucinations
For example the twins whenever they come across a bug (bad programming) that prevents them from acting how they're supposed to in a game and they're pushed by chat/vedal to do the right thing but it simply doesn't happen, then they just go into what seems like a meltdown.
the difficult part is that they also would've learned that that's what humans do when faced with a bug they can't resolve
but I guess we also behave in ways we observed so, this just goes down the unanswerable AI consciousness debate again
I don't think a human construct a sentence based on past(short-term, contextual) tokens(or words as major tokenizers use it as tokens)
Expressed it here
lol it’s not even answerable for humans
wasn't there a study a few years back that looked into conscious decision and explored the possibility that our brain decides the next action taken before "we" do? Isn't that similar to a LLM showing signs of conscious behaviour?
just gotta solve the simple problem of proving that others experience qualia, no biggie
When they get into a rejection loop, their context is flooded with their rejections. This causes them to double/triple down
I think it was the same set of studies that suggested that we don't really have free will so much as free won't
foggy memories but yeah something like that
it's okay I know the truth, everyone else is a mimic of consciosuness and I am the only true conscious being
I guess
Or maybe to the human brain, language is so primitive and simple that it happens without us knowing
I remember giving myself nightmares as a kid because I realized I couldn't prove my family were conscious
similarly how LLMs don't necessarily know the exact values of their own weights
well, we could probably derive something interesting from observing humans who never learned language
but that presents a few ethical issues
lol yea
and the few cases studies we know were kinda wrapped up in all sorts of other trauma
I thought about that a couple of times, in contexts completely unrelated to AI/NNs, but yea its always a curiousity
What happens to a baby grown up in a complete social vacuum?
Then I realized how cruel that would be
there were experiments done with the few case studies where that happened
but the kids were a product of extreme abuse
there are also examples of deaf and mute kids in the past though
I think the only case that can work is maybe someone who is deaf, blind, and cannot sense anything through their skin, through birth defects or through some kind of trauma very early that wasn't cause by humans
and at least some ended up developing their own language spontaneously
The best way I explain what current tech is capable of is via a special token <unk> it's not consciousness in the sense that we have but it's also not really explainable with current understanding. In a model the <unk> token is used when the numerical output doesn't match any valid outputs. By using this token it prevents the output from crashing
but then other cases did not seem to exhibit any ability for language, and iirc they struggled with some basic mental concepts
humans cannot survive without grouping together, it's natural/and easier to form a civilization with a proper language system(before spoken language, it was gesture and drawings), to past on knowledge. Language isn't borne when apes are borne
Ooh interesting
Maybe you could draw some parallels between Social Isolation studies and Model collapse.
yeah, it's why I'm only ever super comfortable saying that a current day NN doesn't work quite like how our brains work, but I'll throw in a qualifying "probably" when talking about consciousness in general
Yeah, that's true. Guess my assumption is wrong
at least LLMs use softmax though, it will always find some "most similar" token (even ignoring sampling), there's practically never an exact match
consider the civilians on North Sentinel Island, they don't have a proper spoken language system, but are still able to communicate via short combinations of deep roaring, and that's when a spoken language was going to form(in maybe few hundred years)
The reason my stack is built as modules that interconnect is that each small piece of it is much easier to understand. No one piece of you makes you who you are, it's the collection of everything that does. With each new piece it gets closer but I don't think it will be ever "perfect" because we don't know everything that goes into what makes up an individual
I don't work with LLMs really but I also tend to prefer the "stack of models" approach, although I think the "big giant model doesn it all" approach is getting more attention atm
The point is that <unk> is sometimes better than selecting the closest "best" Mach is still wildly wrong. We want to label everything but sometimes there isn't a good label
Realistically I think this will be the most effective method (multiple, smaller models working in tandem), perhaps with a main core model that effects the smaller ones.
an easier way to think of this:
Those tribal societies(before prehistoric) that could not form a proper comunication system, cannot pass on their knowledge and went extinct. 
professionally, I argue that it helps in trust if we can verify the output of each model
and get a better idea of what is actually going on
I guess personally I believe that too
My idea of an advanced system would be an overseer model that receives sensory data from sensing/processing models, and responds using output/action models, but they can't be interfacing using LLM methods. It does so depending on criteria, too, like an emotions module or a goals module (though Idk if humans have such a thing so maybe no point in that).
I have done some personality/moral reasoning tests on my stack. When I fed the results to gpt/claude/Grok, they all estimated they came from a 400-675b model.
Thing is it's actually several models that have 56b total (not unique) perameters
have you tried feeding some control model outputs too
to confirm that they're saying anything that meant anything though?
The thing they pointed out was that the results weren't normal for a model
apparently it's purely for inputs (as in, to work around tokenizer limitations), not for outputs
which makes a lot more sense, since outputting unk would be strictly worse than literally any normal token in all cases 
Outputting unk is usually treated as nothing
ye, so no reason to ever output it
You can't output nothing without the option to do so
Either you output something or the output stream crashes
just output eos then
But the rest of the output may be valid
then it can also just output something valid in place of unk
Say I didn't have a token for the, which is better:
- But the rest of output may be valid
- But the rest of ith output may be valid
either is fine
though if you train the model with the token "the" removed everywhere then it should output the first one (without an unk)
(ignoring the other "the" ofc, since it violates the premise of not having that token)
The key is though that the output it gives doesn't closely match any output tokens, if it guesses something too far from the output, you will get an invalid token
Actually this makes the argument stronger as it means the model generated an output that didn't properly align with the
A better way to put it would be that the output didn't match "the" properly
question i'm trying to build a "memory manager" that would work with external ai but i can't get a good idea of what's the best way. context: I'm trying to use an llm to filter its own memory, so using prompts sent to it, I give it types or categories of information and he responds with categories of information useful for answering a given question then using that to send it back to the llm so that it can give the user a accurate answer, then send his answer and question back to the llm to pick out interesting information, giving each data a importance level, then storing that under a category (also given by the llm) and using that info for future prompts, problem is well its very heavy process so slow, and might not be very accurate depending on how powerful the llm is since i'm not training it in a sens just giving it a memory base
i can't write damn XD
it's on c# btw
Upscaling really has come a long way huh
Obviously you should never use upscaling this extreme
But its crazy regardless just how markedly better the current 4.5 models are
true
Just a shame they're only practical on 40 and 50 series cards considering Nvidia wants to send us all back to the 30 series
Grabbed some more of my 16Gb dimms from my shop, if I decide to sell the 32gb ones
That's someone's entire pension treat it well
Worst part is that picture is the downgrade... Unfortunately if I do the downgrade I will no longer be able to build flash attention with 72 threads
I'd argue this even makes a 4060 a 4k viable card
Or it would if not for VRAM
Thanks Nvidia
VRAM SMOOOOOOLLLLLLLLL
I am so disconnected from what is needed for gaming...i wolnt touch sub 16gb cards and even then I'm looking at my A4000 and A2 and wishing I went with a third 3090ti and an L4 (my wallet is glad I didn't though)
The highest end games rn require about 12gb to function at high settings.
For a reference point
Honestly even for gaming I wouldn't touch sub 16GB
You go above that and you have hardware you can potentially use for a decade
Below that and games a few years from now will start refusing to run properly
I doubt
Meh, a lot of people forget that vram caching exists cause windows doesn't explicitly show it, the vast majority of games run fine with 8gb as long as you turn down textures
12GB already isn't enough for some 1440p games
They will use more if it is available, but they don't require it to function
I just don’t care that much about games perf ngl
I haven’t played any game at 1440 that has refused to run properly
For now its just edge cases, but give it a few years and 12GB won't be enough
If you plan to use hardware for at least 7 years 16GB is the logical minimum
DCS works at 4k with high settings on my 8gb card, and I don't know any games with worse vram usage than that
I have 12GB on my primary GPU (with 24GB on a secondary card) but I also don't play AAA because expensive games
Indiana Jones is already a bloodbath for cards with less than 12GB at 1080p
And that's very much a preview of what's to come, I'd say give it 3 years, 5 tops and 12gb will be looked at the way 8gb is now
That is if
The ram shortage doesn't cause devs to cut back on graphics
Which it could
I wouldn't stake a purchase on it though
Wdym could they’ve publically stated it is
Not that I'd purchase pc hardware atm anyway
Never take Nvidia at their word
Nvidia?
Considering I heard Nvidia is planning to significantly reduce production of cards with more than 8GB of memory, it's possible game devs will have to set 8GB as a limit for base VRAM usage
Larian studios
Oh you're talking about the optimisation thing, that's one studio and doesn't necessarily extend to VRAM considerations
Larian isn't the industry and the full impact remains to be seen
By the end of this year we'll have a clearer picture
Yeah that's what I'm getting at
I wouldn't purchase a GPU banking on that though
Indiana Jones is a far more accurate preview of the direction the industry is headed, one is a first person AAA adventure while the other is a top down RPG where graphics aren't as much of a priority to begin with in resource allocation
If I get a GPU any time soon it'll be from the used market and it'll either have 24 or more GB of VRAM
Anything lower is pointless for me to get at least right now
Though my usecase is model training so that's just me
There is the obvious productivity argument too yeah
Tbh 24GB feels limiting for me when it comes to ML stuff
My 4090 pales next to a 5090 for inference and training workloads
It's handled all NeuroSynth batch sizes I've thrown at it so far
I ran out of steps to ramp batch size before I ran out of memory for batch size
Its mainly in the domain of language models where I find it limiting
Given how large they tend to be
Also stuff like training VLA policies
I have to hire vast instances for that since 24GB just doesn't cut it
Its fine for inference but not training
Can an LLM do this? I don't think so
A synth can't do this though
(Not that I would)
Vocal synths are very cool mind
Imo VLAs are among the coolest areas of ML research rn but I'm not gonna knock any other area, its just generally an exciting arena atm
i like variable length arrays too 
This is definitely my favorite NeuroSynth cover so far, it's very much to the point I can listen to this over and over and not notice too much wrong with it
Damn that's insane
Yes and no, I have 2 3090tis and an A4000. The cost to performance of a 5090 isn't worth it for 8gb more vram. If you seriously need more than a Blackwell 5000 48gb model is way better ay a similar cost
True, I just used the 5090 because its a similar consumer targeted card
If just I had money
I would absolutely get those big VRAM GPUs if money wasn't like the most limiting factor of all time
But if your talking inference/training workload a 3090ti factory referbed is about $30/gb, a 5090 is $93/gb, and a Blackwell 5000 is $83/gb the fact that a workstation card is cheaper is insane
Meanwhile 3090 at 500€ per GPU
would rather second hand 6000 ada
more compute
better for training
and even cheaper
I mean I went expensive on my 3090tis (800 usd/700 euro) but those were factory referbed and I specifically wanted TIs because of the vram (for waterblocks)
Honestly at that point if you're just doing training, use a gpu compute provider
And I assume cheaper is relative and they actually cost a stupid amount
The reason is it's all on one side of the card
Ew cloud compute
nah im not training kind of guy
im hpc guy
so i love h100, a100, v100, titan v
more than anything
because fp64 and hbm
V100 32gb hbm2 best deal.
they're cheap now
also the main reason i avoid b300
because they went all in on ai and removed fp64 on that
:(
V100 silly
Apparently slow compute but the VRAM is decent
Place Im considering working for has racks of H100s, was pushed through to the third interview (3ed and 4th are personally fit)
not really slow
Well according to this comparison it's like 3060 Ti level
Tbh cloud instances just make sense economically speaking for big jobs if you're not expecting to earn money back and aren't handling anything sensitive
if you do stuff like simulations or wave computation a v100 is even better than 6000 pro blackwell
Pay for what you need and scale with hardware gens easily
$16.7/gb for my 3090 deal
If your concerned about security (for company stuff) you can rent dedicated compute under contract with a DC
Hem? What do you mean CUDA 7.0?
wrong
its 3070 level
but its versatile enough, P0 state with proper tuning makes it 3080 level.
I guess this measures something different then
sm_70 
yeah that tells not much
And what does that mean for running CUDA 12 apps?
nothing, it works just fine
those are two completely different things
you're thinking of the toolkit
7.0 is the compute capability
Oh I see
So I guess V100 maxes out at CUDA 12.x and 13 is unsupported then?
I don't think it's the vram killing them here I think it's the raytracing
cuda 13 should still support volta iirc
So I guess the Google AI overview must be stupid then
9th and 10th gen were killed off iirc
no its vram
3080 is still way more capable than 7700xt
just that it only has 10gb
okay i lied cuda 13 does not support sm_70
does it even matter
if you can just select which cuda toolkit to get
It's not like I have anything that needs 13 anyway
most things don't even support cuda 13 so there's that too
My things actually specifically need 12
though i damn well know that your things are just neurosynth
so you don't need v100
Yeah I don't think a V100 matches my usecase
I'm not exactly training an FP64 NeuroSynth
no one uses fp64 for ml
for the reason that exponent scale seem to matter more than mantissa
Well either way, I have no clue where I'm gonna magically invent some good VRAM with good compute other than more 3090s
I'm completely ampere atm GA102, GA104, GA107
So basically I should just keep stacking 3090s?
Bro 😭
you don't even need to stack
considering that 3090 is already enough to give you hundreds of batches
The 3090 is still better in terms of price-to-VRAM ratio..
RTX 5090 prices are so high that the PRO 6000 Blackwell is also reasonable 
at that point 4090 is the only reasonable upgrade
True that, at 512 it's still only at like 21GB used at most and I run out of batch ramping steps due to data size before batch size

excuse me, i'm great.
Hem?
price-to-vram with reasonable compute*
if you want pure price to vram there's P40
Yeah P40 but that has horrible compute
Pro 5000 is actually cheaper per gb
then there's also K80 that you would not even able to boot on most motherboards due to the MMIO requirements
but far shittier in compute
So I guess if I need more VRAM for whatever reason the solution is more 3090
not necessarily horrible, its still 3060 level. just that it can't do fp16 well.
tf32 best format 
with GPU compute for personal projects, is it linear meaning more compute only improves performance, or are there stages where you need X to sensibly even start a project with a specific feature set?
i know some models need more ram, but i count that as performance, if there exists a less demanding model with "worse" results.
tf32 is worse fp32 imo
What even is TF32 anyway?
tensorfloat 32
8bit exponent 10 bit mantissa
Well that's just a scam then
They probably just went "it's more thatn 16 gotta call it 32"
so bloat
lmao
gg, extra currents powering null bits
fp32 to tf32 conversion is literally mantissa rounding
So essentially it's just useless and should use FP32 instead since it's the same amount of memory anyway?
bring back fp80
tensor cores don't support fp32 iirc so they're slower

That sounds like it'd use a lot of memory
fp32 is pretty dense so you literally would have to sacrifice clock per instruction just to make it work
so i guess they stripped off some mantissa
which makes sense in ml since mantissa doesn't matter as much as exponent

it exists
iirc it exists in most x86 cpus if not all
And what is it useful for?
its 10 bytes
they should implement binary128 
is that even useful now with AMX
i dunno
imma say
fp4 is the most useless
nvfp4 is just Q4 quant but with fp4 blocks instead
objectively worse than using int4 blocks
fp8 barely even usable
fp64 supremacy
I don't have fancy FP64 cards
can't wait for the new r200 with 1:128 fp64
What's a "silent ping"?
@tawdry glade
when fp512
when he gets his hands on that will probably create some kind of black magic
iirc there was at least one cuda library for arbitrary precision floats
but also need shit amount of cycles to get it done lmao
yeah but shhhh
wasn't that bs
because nvidia themself never mentioned it and it was asus pr mistakenly state something about it
yeah, complete bs
asus
tbf
nvidia ship out SKU without the vram now
What was supposed to be silent about that? I got the
icon and all
so the gb203 is still plenty
but they can't make much 5070Ti because vram constraints
even when they have a lot of the GPU chip supply
@tawdry glade
so asus pr said something along the lines of their models being so scarse its like eol
it just removes the ping sound that's all
@tawdry glade
that's what i said
What removes it? What do you click? What do you do?
anyone looked into tts streaming and have any good library recommendations?
was using realtimetts however there's no asyncio support so its kind of aids to work with regarding asyncio shit,
basically my main goal is
As LLM chunks come in from streaming request, I send these "chunks" off to some TTSModule, in which this TTSModule has chunks of text coming in, and can give it to a tts engine in realtime and it plays as it keeps receiving data and once it completes it fires some sort of callback or something
I would start wiritng my own but thats gonna take some decent time away from my project and not really looking forward to doing so
add @silent to the start of the message, if it isn't blue, it isn't silent
TTS is by its nature contextual, so I'm not sure how good of a result you'd get even if it was streamed
how one word sounds changes depending on what comes before and after it, so you'd only really be able to create chunks on sentence and paragraph boundaries
Yeah, I understand it would reduce quality, but it seems to be okay from what ive tried with my previous iteration (using realtimetts), but yeah it would certainly improve by having multiple word / sentences
issue is im trying to reduce latency between you stopping talking -> getting a response from an llm in tts form
I run piper, stream to a buffer from the llm, and at the end of a sentence I push the batch to tts. I then queue up additional buffers in order of creation as the model outputs the info
you got any clips of what it sounds like? but yeah this seems to be the only feasible "decent" way
if I could get a full response back from an LLM in decent time, from the cloud as i cant run it locally, id be happy
but as it stands streaming seems to be better either way, local or not
I dont have anything saved, depends on the voice library and settings
So basically
LLM -> chunk -> tts text buffer -> constantly check said buffer to see if we've made a full sentence -> if we have throw it to a queue -> queue is constantly checked for stuff to process -> processes it
yup or just is of a sufficient length/end of response. You can cut the delay down significantly In my case tts fires about 1-2s after first token and usually ends after complete output finishes
what’s with these acquisitions lately
Tech feudalism
cloudflare simply want
a few monopoly
is that okay
cant a girl have some monopolies over markets
god forbid a woman do anything
thanks
opposite (other end?) of you're asking for but i was looking into tts like literally earlier today and kyutai (the moshi folks) have a tts model that's built for streaming text into it. it starts to generate and output audio before the entire text it's supposed to speak is there. they have a paper on the arch too
https://huggingface.co/kyutai/tts-1.6b-en_fr
oh that icon in the top right
ye
goated ill look into it ty
oh yeah I had a look at kyutai, saw their realtime application they wrote
pretty cool, will mostly likely have to write my own wrapper for it
uuuuu

why am i famous all of a sudden
mlnt can 
I edited the message you replied to bc its kinda long
use a ue mod loader
ui will be hell to reverse
ue mod loader landscape seems dire tho
If I ever get a hard drive big enough that I can move around 8TB of space onto and off of it, I think I know what I'll be doing, that being I'll move everything off of my weird NTFS 8TB drives and convert them to EXT4 or something
NTFS is so scuffed on this thing
I just had it completely lock up on me while I was trying to archive old stuff
Well I definitely lost some of my old Minecraft copies to that
The total went from like 90GB to 30GB
Windows, i mean Copilot OS, has to die out. And then there is no longer a necessity for NTFS.
You have unlocked new role
It's only NTFS because it used to be Windows and I don't have the drive space to move things somewhere else to reformat
im in a similar boat atm
I really need a 22TB drive so I can completely refactor my entire system
For me shared drive for dual boot at work.
im debating on going to some auctions to score some storage
I'm glad I don't really archive much so I don't have to handle reformatting being bad
yeah ue4
I seeeeeeee
I shall look into that then
you can in-place upgrade from ntfs to btrfs iirc
I honestly do wish there was just a filesystem that windows didn't try and be stupid with but is actually decent for storage.
looks over that btrfs for windows okay maybe with first party support mabe
trying to convert from ntfs to btrfs in-place sounds like a disaster waiting to happen
ye. So shady that you'd make a backup. And if you have a backup, you might as well wipe and do it properly. (Maybe besides huuuge storage edge cases)
vedal hasnt responded to my email yet

Yeah and to have a backup I'd need to find a spare 8TB of storage from somewhere
don't async functions have to return a task or whatever it was called in c#
Godot would (probably) fix this
from what i gather from the docs, it doesn't know what to wait for, async void is for fire and forget. Kinda makes sense, i guess?
wait for it to finish 
idk why they couldn't do it like in rust where it implicitly returns something that implements future
or maybe they just don't want to, oh well
I was wondering why "useless-drive" was working so fast
Then I remembered I reformatted it to EXT4 since it's only 2TB and there was literally nothing of value there
Doc say everything in the void function runs in the same event handler until the first await. everything after that runs at a unknown time, and the original event handler returns. Returning a task would be like returning a future, but has to be explicit. 
i swear everything where microsoft has meddled with only "somewhat" works, but never the way you'd expect.
doc?



Am i allowed to share a link?
links in general are fine
just don't link to any malicious or illegal content
or content that would break any of the rules
we might nuke files that we can't verify the safety of
Chat ban this user for Microsoft link (real)

Raymond Chen is based tho
not good?
Its probably fine
There are no longer any Windows installs on this device (I deleted the one that was)
It just hurts if i breathe in too far
Discord once again doing a thing (it doesn't exist here don't bother checking)
This is in only one server that I have and arguably the most useless one
one side or both sides?
right
Might be a collapsed lung
Relatively easy to treat, but you do need to get to an ER
could be a lot of things. Might wanna get that checked, even if it turns out to be nothing serious. Better safe that sorry.
Again, any chest pain is considered an emergency
Its just a nerve acting funny 
Sometimes it lasts for a day but eventually it disappears
Sometimes it can be fixed by forced deep inhaling
We breathe air thats 40% microplastics and 50% car exhausts
I would panic if it lasted more than 3-4 days i think
However its probably too late if it hurts like that
Embrace the fate 
Nah, I wouldn't chance it. The last time I had chest pain I thought I just hit my ribs weird at work, but it turned out to be a swollen heart. Even if you just call whatever medical hotline your country has (e.g. the NHS 24 hotline in the UK) and talk with those guys, and they'll let you know whether you need to go further with it or not
I couldn't help myself but heard Vedal screaming Samurai constantly in my head
❯ ssh samurai@192.168.161.90 "bash --norc --noprofile"
Setting up xterm-ghostty terminfo on 192.168.161.90...
samurai@192.168.161.90's password:
id
uid=1001(samurai) gid=1002(samurai) groups=1002(samurai)
sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for samurai on seppuku:
env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin
User samurai may run the following commands on seppuku:
(ALL) NOPASSWD: /../../../../../../home/tanto/.cgi_bin/bin /tmp/*
sudo /../../../../../../home/tanto/.cgi_bin/bin /tmp/*
bash -p
id
uid=1001(samurai) gid=1002(samurai) euid=0(root) egid=0(root) groups=0(root),1002(samurai)
holy path
Fun fact: the s in my name stands for samurai.
what do other letters in your name stand for
SAMURAIIIIIII
FF14 worked fine, then it got lag spikes followed by it crashing my entire pc, and now it runs at 2fps
probably an nvidia issue
It happens to me, it’s just temporary pain, don’t know what causes it but it goes away after a while
Back on mirc in the early 2000s I went by the name "the_ultimate_samurai" which was shortened by those talking with me to tus, the rest comes from riceroni...I will not elaborate on that one.
uncblud
My name before that was "pokemaster_20_00" but after 2000 I felt it should change it.
I changed to tuseroni because the_ultimate_samurai didnt always fit in usernames inputs.
making games takes so long
game jams seem literally impossible
idk how people do it

there is a reason we dont make online games in game-jams
i also make my custom engine stuff beforehand so im not slowed down by any engine stuff
it's not even networking right now it's just ui
I wanted a dropdown and I thought I was saved when I saw unity has a built-in dropdown component
but alas it spawns a tree of 7 GameObjects and doesn't tell you how to configure any of them
for UI in the jams, i litterally just put an image onscreen and did if click and x1 < mouse.x < x2 and y1 < mouse.y < y2
yeah that's the sort of thing i've done in custom GUI engines
i did that with minecraft opencomputers

Yeah, I've been working on mine for the past like year and 3/4, and im close to a demo...
the
was for my application, not the technique
just got back to my PC and 7 was an understatement

this is what unity makes when you add a dropdown
shiro what are you doing? 
for UI and HUD i feel like OOP is such a waste
trying to figure out which object needed its colour properties edited
id just have one class managing everything
i don't mind OOP UI but this is just done so wrong
I'd take html over this
If you know html, you might look at ui builder
the issue with unity's UI system is that they cant seem to decide if they want the system to be component-oriented or gameobject-oriented
so various functions are haphazardly sprayed across multiple gameobjects and components

and of course, your options for documentation are either "nothing" or "everything"
my ui builder is projecting an html page into the project, because if I'm using an engine then I already accepted it isn't going to run fast.
i feel like my custom engines might have actually been a time saving measure instwead of slow from the sound of it
I am talking nonsense but my feelings are real
the inside might be jank but at least I get to choose how to execute it
Some of my earlier ui, this is all done in ui builder
I ended up making big changes to the inventory since then, but I dont have any nice pictures of those.
crystals with different qualities 
It is my belief it is too much visual noise to have that type of duplicate.
I do wish I had a better solution to that class of thing.
Yeah, like I said I changed the inventory since then, now there's a bunch of boxes you can put items in to organize them, and a view thats just all inventory you have in a list with a drop down showing the location (you can move them by changing the drodown)
I have made clear visual distinction of lq vs mq and hq crystals, but i have a LOT of sprites to clean up. There's not just 3 qualities there is also 4 tiers of rarity and 5 elements.
I respect the grind
So thats 60 sprites, then conduits are worse yet, only 3 tiers but each one has 16 sprites...so...16x5x3
Most of my time though has been learning electrical engineering and creating an engine for circuit simulation that takes into account the 5 elements and their interactions.

i have to add a new field to the persistent player data
there goes my password
time to learn the new one
I can see that considering my own side project. Haven't gotten into doing magic and circuits together yet, but one day I will.
i do have to praise C# for its syntax
it makes some otherwise tedious functions very concise
[ServerRpc]
public Task<PlayerStatsModifiers> ClientGetModifiers(RPCInfo info = default)
{
return Task.FromResult(TryGetAccountTemp(info.sender, out var accountTemp) ? accountTemp.FinalModifiers : null);
}
Here is an example of one of the early puzzles, it was a lot harder to do with the lq materials you have at the start, which is why there is so many branching lines. The runes along the edge are emitter runes, they emit power as directed energy, in this case Thermal Energy (fire) the green lines are wood, wood amplifies fire increasing power to the emitters (but may damage the lines) the runes next to the crystals are switch runes, they do what you might expect
Oh and that is a resistor by the switch to the left, it keeps the line from frying.
Each inch of line has about 0.1 ohms of resistance, so the shorter path at the left needed an added roughly 0.6 ohms to make up for the loss (probably coulda used less, but 0.6 ohms did the job)
The same puzzle solved with HQ materials. Those crystals are in series, BTW. THAT was a pita to figure out how to do.
Adderal
oh, i should mention, the crystals are power. emitters and similar runes are considered ground, there is no return circuit and all conduits are diodes (so current only flows in one direction...sadly this means no AC. it's on my radar to figure out how to integrate AC...) the base conduits, the poor conductors, have a resistivity of...iirc 0.05 or 0.005 s/in for a resistance of around 0.1 ohms (though i have some intention to include layering when i can figure out how...which could increase the height and thus cross-sectional area, reducing the resistance, but idk that i need to, since the next level up, the good conductors, have a conductivity around that of copper, and the superconductors...well they have a resistance of 0...they aren't in the demo)
🍪
Om nom nom
You've given me 5 cookies! | I've received 273426 cookies total!
Story of my project, Adderall, Nicotine, and energy drinks... Occasionally the project annoys me enough to indulge in the art of Vedal... Alcohol
I liked coding to the subathon when it was going on, before that was music and after its neuro/evil music (world.execute(me) is great to code to, and crazy fuckin robot body)
Also copious amounts of caffeine, possibly lethal amounts...
OK I did the math: not lethal for my body weight. And its not THAT bad, like 0.5 grams/day. Ld50 is 0.192 grams/kg of weight.
frog's voltage tuning on the 3090 i bought
pretty good of a 3090 huh
2.1GHz at 950mV seems nice
also already above 1.8GHz at 775mV so i suppose that's comparable or even better than most OC models
not sure if this ones an OC model
but that's a hell of a decent silicon lottery i suppose
Like a person or one of these
A person. Unless that little fella somehow come alive and can help me cut and peel of this sticker
Scratch that, having an eye the size of that would be terrifying
I have one of those, they are great for holding materials together for soldering.
Indeed they are. I do have them somewhere. Still cleaning up this place
Everyone has them SOMEWHERE...idk where mine are either.
i wonder if someone will add neuro integration to the razer cylinder thing
Doubt it, but I'm open to be wrong
Well, neuro already has 3d model so vedal could technically built another merch. Volumetric display of neuro
its basically jsut an external display with a camera. and somehow it can also see your screen???
razer thing isnt volumetric display
This would be sick ngl
the razer one is just flat lcd
Dang
its really suprising to me i have to break that news to people
to me it was obvious at first sight
Vedal, make a volumetric display for neuro with a camera for collab partner
Actually, I wonder if I could make that. I have some spare FPGA lying around somewhere
problem with volumetric displays is that they're pricey as fuck
to the point where its not even worth considering as a merch line
unless they find an existing one and put decals on it
Man, now I want to make a Neuro lantern. A volumetric display with camera to bring neuro around
Sam, what is the volumetric display that we debated before? You still have the link?
the sony one?
The 360-degree transparent light field display is a new type of cylindrical naked-eye 3D display utilizing a transparent screen called the Holographic Optical Element (HOE) screen. It can provide a transparent screen and bright 3D video even in bright lighting conditions, allowing for the fusion of the user's background and video. Offering a sen...
the problem is that these arent for sale
Yeah, I just want to know the dimension and spec for high end one
And see how viable it is with the parts I have lying around
the only type of volumetric display currently for sale are ones with LEDs https://www.voxon.co/product-page/voxon-vx2
and ones that focus on only 1 specific viewing angle by using a camera https://lookingglassfactory.com/looking-glass-27
if you want one that looks good from 2 angles at the same time, and its not 144p, then you're already at stuff thats not being made
Why is this oversized 3ds so expensive smh
to be clear, this is about the 3d to one angle
Alright, 900 rpm is not that bad. The problem is the display. I think transparent OLED would be the best for this use cases
ye
you also need very fast response times on those pixels
otherwise your getting blur instead of image
I'm not sure how one would wire that display. Seems difficult to figure out how to do it with it spinning.
There are ways, like how you have spinning houses with plumbing that still works
I think that is doable. 900rpm means 15 rps. So each rotation takes about 60ms. To traverse 360° in 60ms means if we have 1ms response time then the blur would be around 6°
bad math
Coil. OLED is quite low power for scenes with mostly black/transparent
tbh I was more on data lines
Slip ring?
That could work too, but that is a failure point that I'd like to avoid
Yeah that'd work. One things for sure, your not throwing an entire display signal at it
at a circumference of pi*256mm thats 3600 pixels / 804mm or 113PPI
i think that math checks out it doesnt
Ohh right, the signal. Didn't think of that one
that was my first concern
Alright, hear me out. Spin then entire assembly
So the motor, battery and display are all on a platform. The case is just acting as a rail
thats just using LEDs on a transparent spiny boy
Isn't that what volumetric display is basically about currently?
That is one of the apporaches
Oh, nvm. I remember someone also made a piston movement one (translational)
Oh shit the camera
Can't spin that one lol
On the housing
you could jsut send power and do the data wirelesly
also the L word
Maybe if I use the one that is usually used for RC
A dedicated 5GHz video transmitter
For a distance of... 10-15cm
I'm betting battery doesn't need to spin and we can coil enough for the controller board, The only issue would be shielding imo.
Most modern 3D hologram fans and advanced DIY projects use wireless communication to avoid physical wear
so ye thats jsut how the industry does it
those spinning fan toys just keep the preprogrammed images on the fan itself
so that'd mean having a microcontroller at the base
Hmmm, that would be a problem because the motor would draw a ton of power
Alright, time to browse local marketplace lol
Why are we spinning the motor?
the spinning leds is the cheap way to do it (already at $6.800) but imo they dont look good
no spinning the motor
Oh, so you have 2 separate compute unit then? One on the platform and the other at the base?
Yep
one receiver, one transmitter
Hmmm, if we are doing RC transmitter anyway, that would make sense yeah
but also just having display logic separate from the motors and batteries for weight
God damnit, they don't have transparent oled here
if we throw budget out the window, lightfield displays have wayyyy better resolution
oh you were gonna go oled?
They have but only this size
https://tk.tokopedia.com/ZSaJeXMRd/
Yeah, I am limited by the technology of my time
The link I sent at least 128×128
I don't want to go discrete led route unless I can make the led very smol
Ye that's the thing. I don't want to import stuff and deal with custom for this project
give me a minute
we also need to keep the edges of the dispalys transparent or that will cause a blur in the image too i think
no leads from that video
It's not
nah that is fine
900rpm is manageable. Add some reinforcement around the edge and we good
this one seems to be flexible 
not as expensive as I was expecting actually
i think 15.6 inch is too big tbh. that specific one also had ribbon cables coming from the other side for touchscreenor whatever
i think id want a smaller one and not have touchscreen
350 for minimum of 2 piece. So 700 at minimum that I have to shell out just for the display. Naah I'm good 
besides cost
gave me a jumpscare tho, i thought it was a scam link
na
its a bot idk but its gif not loding?
But man, the prospect of colab partner holding out neuro lantern is just too tempting
brother that is a projector... Wait a minute
NOT LODeING IDK
You spin a directed light from the center
bois, if we are spinning the entire thing anyways
What? What is your idea?

why not just go the upclose projector route. Wouldn't have to search for a dedicated transparent oled
wdym up-close projector route?
Spinning a light very close to the wall
But it won't be see through
the video I ran into just used acrylic as a projector surface and had one of those throw projectors
Wait, how?
you'd need to spin the projector too tho
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-HLhCtlKWJE speedrunning this vid
We try to make a Transparent Screen that’s better than our first one and better than what you can buy! Thanks to our sponsor Squarespace, go to https://www.squarespace.com/evanandkatelyn for 10% off your first purchase. Check out our new merch drop at https://shopevanandkatelyn.com/
Want behind-the-scenes content? Check out the Aftershow for...
ok so that works in some ways, but if you do volumetric you need arefrsh for each slice of the pie
I see it is some special material 
lets say 30hz, and you have 100 slices, you need only half of those slices since the screen is at both sides, so 30 * 50 is 1500hz projector you need
I'm not using it as a 3d projector
I'm just using it normally on a spinning transparent surface
thats the exact same thing tho
your projector still needs a different image for each viewpoint
if you keep the same image for the entire rotation it wont work
displays are a lot easier to get higher refresh-rate of tho
true, back to finding something decent
the most you'l get form a projector is 240hz at 1080p
and thats cuz they're designed to do 4K at 60 but they turned of the mirrors to split the image in 4
monochrome could be a good first step
If there was red then RGBW was an option, except there is only yellow
for not insane cash ye
we're gonna need to put some stuff in the base that gets rotated too
mainly wireless receiver, a battery, and display driver
did someone reply to me with an embed fail
apparently
the only other issue with getting these dispalys, is that the refreshrate needs to be high
https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256809750824353.html lets go gambling
128x64 square bois seem common for some reason
also touchscreen, that is detecting a singular finger is on it LOL
you need to be carefull of the interface if you want to get high refreshrate
SPI 
that one is SPI, so 60-90hz if i had to guess
SPI is a general purpose bus
but to the display itself, your limited by probably how fast the display can recieve data
however, it has a buffer
lets say we aim for the 120 viewpoints liek the one sony had, that means we have to refresh the screen 60 times per rotation
at 30hz volumetric refreshrate, thats 1800hz.
you also do not have to refresh the entire buffer
so thats probably not achievable
https://youtu.be/Ozzpirkhi5c?si=F5en0rNjE5_hM53_
Has this guy been posted here before
Yet another video of Doom on my volumetric display. This one features the full length of one of the attract demos, some action from the flyover camera rig, and a decent framerate.
This video was originally for the documentation for the software, and unlisted - https://github.com/AncientJames/multivox - but since it's the clearest footage I rec...
thats using the rotation leds idea
honestly thats probably the best method to get soemthing working
There was also an idea to use acoustics to vibrate something to achieve holographic images
This video describes a volumetric display I designed and built that uses a phased arrray of ultrasonic transducers to levitate a 1mm foam ball and move it at speeds greater than 1m/s. The POV effect makes it seem as if you're drawing in mid-air!
This was such a fun project - I still giggle (maniacally) when watching this thing go. There's som...
I don't think it is impossible, but it also is going to require a lot of trickery.
the way this works is by getting a particle thats light enough to be able to be influenced by vibrations in the air
i dont think its sable in a everyday environment
car passes by and its off
there was also this "hack" of a hologram some guy built
Watching concerts at home
got my permission
https://www.portalgraph.com/en
https://x.com/portalgraph/status/1955950519064907836
使用BGM
□DOVA-SYNDROME
HP: https://dova-s.jp/
I hope you can support our second channel!
►Just Egg
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrtM4NV8yo69YpVi_EfDdwA
►Twitter
https://twitter.com/Just_Egg13
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partial buffers, reducing the color space, and praying the display can refresh that fast.
Sounds like something I can do 
either aftereffects, or the camera movement is needs to be exactly in the right location while the videos are synced with eachother
not a real 3D
(Not built more he's just the clipper)
its just an eye tracker with monitors lol
Sure, I wonder what use case I have for these 4 4k portable monitors 
My english is getting worse
I'm just giving examples, not suggesting actual stuff you can build
Most of these are just "we built it because we can" but if you want to build one then the guy who got doom running on his display is the best one since he also has a build guide
didnt they go past the view of the camera tho? unless there's a camera offscreen somewhere
It is on his face (real)
hmmm then I don't know
The description links the company of the product see if you see something there
it is cool, jsu tnot really what we're going for
Yeah then your best bet is spinny thing
eye trackers mean there's only 1 persona ble to see the right thing at a time
I think even the software stack for it is plug and play he just shows you have to tune the rpm provided you build it like he does
On a related note, how can someone like me play vr with correcting glasses because I can't see shit without them

honestly. LED seems like a more sure bet than OLED. purely due to the refreshrate issue
who ping
someone did, too fast to see
some green named person that immediatly deleted their message
or got their message deleted
what do you mean "prescription lens inserts" like i didn't pay for my fuckin glasses and vr headest so much already you want me to spend MORE???
ye
I like to imagine the mods sitting nearby with a rifle in hand, makes it funnier
I either suffer or 
no much else you can do. getting the lenses in your vr headset corrected for your bad eyes is even more expensive
jsut wear glasses underneath the headset or use contact lenses
great i can't waste my hard earned money anymore
my glasses won't fit in the headset and I don't use contacts
This is hell on the mounting pressure
If i ever do get contacts then I might just buy a vr headset
until then real life is very nice for me
the entire headset now is on that nose bridge, the ear sections are forced into your skull
I'd almost rather not be able to see
Ohhh right there is this tech
But it would blow the budget
as long as it less than 2K
OLED is older and more mature so the tech got cheaper. Don't know how cheap microLED is now
Let's surf random chinese marketplace again
There is the dark side... Map the room around it and overlay it in. Just as a hailmary approach.
OLED is technically able to go to higher refresh-rates, but the driver electronics cant do it.
since you need to put all the power into the oled itself instead of most of it going tot he back-light
"She can see all of your room, even the stuff you tried to place behind her"
And microLED doesn't?
active matrix vs direct drive
I am curious would prying off a secondhand OLED screen works
?
mabe, depends on if the black layer is seperate from the led one or not
OLED technically doesn't need the opaque black background. Just need to find one with the power of the sun brightness
oh i see
still oled wont have the refreshrate you'd want for something liek this
transister per pixel and all that
I'm aware transparent oleds are built slightly different to regular ones, components moved behind the LEDs and stuff.
LG 27GX790A-B is 480Hz
half res gives us 4x refresh rate on signaling side
But it is too big. At that point i won't be neuro lantern anymore lol
480hz, and our volumetric screen being 30hz, that would get us a final 2 * 480/30 so 32 angles
so a new image for every 11.25 degrees of rotation
I got an alternate idea
Hmmm, could be better
portable displays share a driving board. At 720p I hit a board limit of 500hz
for a "4k 60hz" display
i think for oled you're limited by the resisters used inside of the screen matrix itself
transisters
not resisters but transisters
It is spelled with o btw
patato transister
Transistor and resistor





where top right
oh here



