paleontology

[runic heart]

Huh? I said which ones

[charred hearth]

🤥

[outer tusk]

oh I mean idk if even have a full list of the dinosaurs for SE to say

[runic heart]

True, there aren’t many in the trailer at least. That sauropod looks good though. And the coelophysid.

Why the edmontosaurs galloping though

Kinda excited to see what the megalodon looks like

[tough parcel]

There's another Kem Kem composite skull that does have brow bosses, but it's unclear what's real and what isn't.
Wouldn't surprise me if there's a Baryonychine in Kem Kem.```
Just as an FYI

[runic heart]

Thinking this is probably guizhouichthyosaurus?

[full lagoon]

The color took me off guard ngl

[willow anchor]

Got to see Zuul at the royal Ontario museum today, thought I’d share here since it’s pretty cool

[mental cloak]

Bro look at his face lmao

Oh god why they did that

[queen oar]

Tarascosaurus too

[queen oar]

tbh it's a bit stupid to say " We don't have any confirmed spinosaurines with brow crests ", when it is sorta of believed that those bones were likely mostly cartilaginous in nature. Which is why we rarely find them in Theropods, despite most theropods already showing lacrimals and postorbitals that would support the presence of such structures. Which Spinosaurs, despite being as derived as they are, don't seem to be exactly too different to not be a possibility ( Not saying this directly to Falcon, just to be clear. )

[charred hearth]

choose your generic paleo horror antagonist: azhdarchid or megaraptoran

[balmy oyster]

Or a tyrannosaurus with “”scientifically accurate”” calls (it’s just super slowed and reverbed chicken noises)

[charred hearth]

i wonder why megaraptorans are more used for horror then dromeosaurids

[queen oar]

claws.

It's kinda the closest analogue to slashers who use hand-weapons, for example... Despite almost every Theropod having that

[charred hearth]

i guess that makes sense

is it possible to make animal horror content without demonizing the animal?

[vernal fable]

More than likely there is definitely ways

I think there was a series called Weird Birds or something I can't remember but alot of the beings done some were puppets too like hand made

[balmy oyster]

Absolutely, it takes some nuance and care but you are able to make a horror story involving big animals without needing to turn them into bloodthirsty, mindless, human-mimicking evil monsters

[vernal fable]

Funnily some Jurassic Park Analog Horrors Actually don't demonize them^^

[vernal fable]

Also for Context On Weird Birds this is what it is

I think the puppet even actually has a name

[paper parcel]

The only thing I think fits the description of bloodthirsty is modern hippos lmao, like they literally will just split a croc in 2 or other herbs for no reason

[vernal fable]

Ngl I feel like chimps also somewhere fall into that category lmao Sometimes chimps genuinely choose violence for no reason

Hippos definitely

[vernal fable]

You breathe around a Hippo wrong or look at it wrong it's decided your time is up 😭

[paper parcel]

Chimps are just people without filters and or morals, or any impulse control

[vernal fable]

Exactly, They are

I don't even know because what you said is like spot on

[queen oar]

@hallow spear Where the f#ck did Justice even get this long ass femur and tarsal from?

[hallow spear]

It’s all figured and measured

[queen oar]

Where?

[hallow spear]

One of the papers I sent him, I’ll find it tomorrow

Most likely Galton 1985 if I had to guess though

[queen oar]

Is it the one redescribing jurassic taxa from the UK, alongside photos from the collections in that time?

[hallow spear]

Its prolly in here

Very happy with how it came out justice did an amazing job with it

@queen oar in case you didn’t see it I linked the pdf

[queen oar]

You sure that it cites the holotype? Searching in the file, I can't exactly find mention of it, unless the specimen is under a different name there.

[hallow spear]

It is under a different specimen catalogue I did check and the figures are in there

[queen oar]

Yeah, they are. Well, whatever then.

[hallow spear]

Do you have any other questions?

[charred hearth]

why are its plates so SPIKEY

[hallow spear]

It’s based on an isolated plate found close to Loricatos type locality

[queen oar]

Not really, surprised that they have put it Lexovisaurus as big similar to how I've reconstructed it, kinda suggesting the material does support the size. Otherwise, I have I don't like posture, but it's a personnal nitpick that generally wouldn't expect many to be convinced of

@hallow spear Also, yeah, what about the plates, exactly? I thought Marsh kinda said that those were likely fin bones from Leedsichthys, unless it's referring to different bones and specimens entirely.

[hallow spear]

The posture is likely the best posed stegosaur of a skeletal that currently exists, it’s based directly on my input

[queen oar]

Of course. I have forgotten you are the " Stegosaur Guy ™ "

[hallow spear]

As for the plate it’s based on Cf. Loricatosaurus priscus [CAMSM J.46874] an isolated plate of unknown placement, and uncertain affinity to Loricatosaurus but since it was found close by, and was iirc reffered to it at one point, it’s likely fine for it to be used as a reference, it’s not like that’s much better to use. I would say this is the most parsimonious option

[charred hearth]

closer to stego or dace?

[hallow spear]

Stegosaurus

Phylogeny of Stegosauria (Based on Sánchez-Fenollosa et al,. 2025 for taxa included in their Dataset) (Not all unnamed taxa are included)
Kentrosaurus placement is the middle ground for what it’s most consistently recovered near or around

[queen oar]

Bold move, never would expect speculation from you folks... However, it's a bit unwise, no?

[queen oar]

But then again, I did make a composite T. mcraeensis from multiple specimens, so not like I am any better either.

[hallow spear]

I mean worst case scenario it’s not the most parsimonious option, ultimately it isn’t a bad option however since the plate is diagnostic to stegosaurinae

And it is still tenatively reffered to loricatosaurus so it’s still reasonable and in this case, best reference for the plates

[queen oar]

Tbh, that is kinda playing with fate a bit too risky. Not that I do not admire it, really, that's the fun in Paleo. But, otherwise, given how there is nothing that really gives substance to it belong to Loricatosaurus, it's ultimately unwise to use it. Doesn't mean you can't, just that you would have to be aware of what using it would mean.

[hallow spear]

Yep we were aware of that, but ultimately we thought it was the best option as the partial plates that Loricato does have best fit a structure of similar build to said isolated plate

[queen oar]

Would doubt that, but hey, you do you, stego boy.

[hallow spear]

I mean the 3D scans I have of the plates agree with that interpretation, it is still speculative but not impossible or too unlikely, which is the point of using it.

Plus it’s agreed with in literature well enough for it to be used with some backing even if it’s tentative

[queen oar]

I mean, but that doesn't make any sense what you said. Like, if it's speculative, you are admitting both to the case that it might be possible or impossible. Like, see, I'm not really trying to argue accuracy or veracity here, just so if it's really a good idea, given how this may stick to the image of the animal and we don't know how this may age in future.

But then again, you did say that Stegosaur remains are hard to find well-preserved, so that may take some hmmmm... 500 years or so. So you may not have to worry.

See, Stego is smart, he is playing the gamble where he will not even see the result of it!!!

[hallow spear]

Though I’d like to add, even if it’s not Loricato there’s only really one other named stegosaur it could be, and that’s Lexovisaurus, and even if it’s neither of those 2 it would phylogenetically place inside of Stegosaurinae which makes it reasonably useful to depict Loricato/lexovi from, about as equally as the rest. It can’t be from Dacentrurus since the plate differs enough morphologically to be distinct in literature

[queen oar]

Unless a second evil Dacentrurus species rises from the horizon

[hallow spear]

Probably not unlikely for that to happen but as far as Oxford clay formation goes I’m pretty sure material indicates only one Dacentrurus species throughout it that I’m aware of

I think Stegosaurus however needs to be split into multiple species

[queen oar]

but still, even with that second option, it still wouldn't be a good idea. Even if there's alleged support or support we can assert in some way.

[hallow spear]

I mean it’s good enough, not perfect but good enough

[queen oar]

@hallow spear You both are gonna have to forgive me, cause I'll draw Loricatosaurus as a Dacentrurinae as I originally intended.

[hallow spear]

Tsk tsk

[queen oar]

Also, i'm dropping that tail downwards.

[hallow spear]

The tail should be held high as per the Stegosaurus osteology and Kentrosaurus rom study but hey you do you

[queen oar]

Yuppers.

[kind bane]

Me when I ignore all literature on Stegosaurs for my own Aesthetic basis or something

[queen oar]

See? They get it. lmao

[queen oar]

Also, I think that for most dinosaurs no one is going to do that, unfortunately.

[queen oar]

Literally, the only exception I can think of, is Psittacosaurus, and that's it.

[hallow spear]

Justice is also the creator of the skeletal(s) lol

And yes you are correct I highly doubt anyone will re asses stegosaurus

[kind bane]

I’ll do it!

I won’t that sounds horrible.

[hallow spear]

The main issue is that Stenops holotype is entirely inaccessible and still unprepared

[mental cloak]

Could stegosaurus in general like
Move their plates a lil bit?
Like
Clap for a bit em to make sounds

No clap
Just kinda move em that they could touch eachother to make some lil sounds

[true juniper]

Do those plates clap 👁️👁️

[mental cloak]

Idk the word for that
They like
Touch and make plate sounds

[true juniper]

Like when The Psittaco mod it has a Dance where it shakes its tail
A similar sound to that?

[woeful falcon]

Clacking I think is the word you're looking for

[light osprey]

It absolutely could not swallow a human sized creature whole

[woeful falcon]

Perhaps not in moving the plates themselves but rocking back and forth making the plates hit each other and clack

[queen oar]

is that thing even there anymore?

[balmy oyster]

Surprisingly it hasn’t disintegrated yet

[queen oar]

and then tomorrow: a boulder falls on top of it

@kind bane did you ever get back onto this?
https://x.com/JusticeDuncan4/status/1281353778743123971?s=20

Justice Duncan (@JusticeDuncan4)

@NotThatMarsh Good Evening. I’ve been working on a Skeletal Reconstruction of Dilophosaurus after your Monograph came out, and I was curious about something. I was wondering if you could help.

X · Jul 9, 2020, 10:25 PM

[balmy oyster]

Chances are low….but never zero.

[hallow spear]

Not enough for them to make sounds

[mental cloak]

Yeeaah that

[queen oar]

actually, they play the instrumental of " Camel by Camel ".

[kind bane]

Never did

[queen oar]

At least, you didn't had to carry the Dilophosaurus' curse.

[mental cloak]

Zikou

[paper parcel]

The real monsters were people all along(like what happened to ice age megafauna)

[keen citrus]

We are still monsters today

[queen oar]

Being a Carnosaur and Sauropod enjoyer, is realizing that after you explore every potential of soft tissues on their faces...

You'll never appreciate a conservative reconstruction of them again.

[runic rover]

You and me are not so different afterall

[sudden wind]

Or Dromaeosaurs, which look quite similar to large birds of preys with big cat like hunting strategies, which were human's ancestor main predators

[runic rover]

I have yet to see a single actual piece of media with one with it, the dromaeosaurids are still top picks. All I saw is stuffs that are more amateurish works, like not in quality, but about involvement in big studios media

[rare bough]

styra is to small in the game

[brave nova]

No that’s just how big sty is

[steep atlas]

I want to see all the ingame dinosaur models compared to a human in-engine

[coral forge]

No it isnt. Everything else is just too big

[rare bough]

other dinos are too big like wich?

[coral forge]

pretty much everything that hasn't gotten a recent tlc
even some of the playables that got a tlc remained oversized, like Achillobator, Sarcosuchus, Concavenator, ect

[paper parcel]

Could cotylorhynchus survive today?

[steep atlas]

No, I would ensure it does not survive

[rare bough]

what he means

[tulip dove]

Sauropods for example have been found to have multiple types of scales (Such as in Diplodocus and I think in some titanosaur embryos)

But most of the time they are either given elephant like skin or only one type of scale in media

[rare bough]

titan beats t rex

[warped peak]

Whomst

[steep atlas]

Low tier trolling

[rare bough]

titan bite is enough for rex

[true juniper]

100 assasin bugs beats rex
Bugs Bite, bugs poop in wounds rex dies of infection 2 months later W

[green helm]

whats the most up to date spinosaurus aegyptiacus

[paper parcel]

Giga glazers are the worst since they make giga hunt things for which they do not eat or are specialized to

[coral forge]

elaborate

[paper parcel]

Its ragebait ai lol

[coral forge]

ik, but I wanna see their reasoning lol

[green helm]

titanoboa can squeeze a whole eiffel tower!!

[paper parcel]

giganotosaurus can solo paraceratherium

[coral forge]

well yeah, thats kinda what they're built to do

[fossil ingot]

Small king

[paper parcel]

Exactly, then some giga glazer will say they can solo ankylosaurus, triceratops, palaeoloxodon namadicus, and even the Cotylorhynchus.

Nothing solos the Cotylorhynchus

[fossil ingot]

Paleoxodon is an issue on itself regarding its size
Elephants aren't the best vs Carnis close their size anyways

[paper parcel]

Tusks

[fossil ingot]

Anky is a Weird Dude
Giga is Larger by like 3t but then again
Anky is so short Giga is not having an easy time
Then again both would prob be like
"Idk what that is so ima just ignore it"

[warped peak]

Only Alierasaurus

[fossil ingot]

Tusks can be useful as long as you know how to usr it effectively
Best they have is prob Paleoxo vs Paleoxo
But Elephants aren't that Great Comparatively vs Theropods of Similar Size
Hell its Main Instict is very likely run away as soon as it sees Giga

[paper parcel]

Damage Sub vs Armor Sub Moschops

[fossil ingot]

What was that again

[raw frigate]

Is it true Pycno was bigger than Carno? The largest abelisaurid? Also... It's true Majungasaurus is also of the same family?

[paper parcel]

Super Cotylorhynchus

[stiff osprey]

Yes, not really, and yes. Pycno isn't really the largest abelisaurid it's just the largest that is officially named and described

there's several specimens from south america and africa that would be larger than pycno but are unnamed due to being single bones, teeth or footprints

[warped peak]

Bigger Cotylo

[warped peak]

And then there's the massive Majungasaurine skull

[fossil ingot]

Majunga mogs all

[fossil ingot]

Ah

[paper parcel]

I wish the permian extinct never happened but genuinely.

[green helm]

bunch of doggo potential pets

[paper parcel]

Suminia was basically a permian monkey, so theres a solid chance if the extinction never happened people would have evolved from Suminia or a relative of it. Basically "earless" or scaly people

[steep atlas]

I think the armor plates and body width would really help it not get shredded

[coral forge]

tusks arent really doing much against a 10+ ton theropod

[steep atlas]

I think they could be effective

But I think elephants are at a disadvantage vs giant theropods

[paper parcel]

Yeah tusks are effective, even on small things like the diictodon or rock hyrax

[full lagoon]

Not to mention in terms of stamina and agility too

[steep atlas]

Effective at being really cute

[full lagoon]

Even if the elephant is heavier it's going to be outlasted and outjuked badly, especially if we are talking about a T.Rex that hunted prey that requires this approach

[steep atlas]

Yeah totally. They are simply not adapted to handle this type of predator, and I think they'd be pretty vulnerable to the theropods' bites

[undone rapids]

Who?

[full lagoon]

I love elephants but that doesn't mean that I'm going to glaze a large one as a rex killer because it's stupid quite frankly

[paper parcel]

I imagine palaeoloxodon would just stab large theropods to death with its tusks via rearing up

[warped peak]

"Titanovenator"

[undone rapids]

That's not a majungsaurine skull since its based on Abelisaurus itself

[full lagoon]

Possible but many of them could likely avoid it

[warped peak]

If only Palaeoloxodon had more than a 1 ton advantage over Tyrannosaurus it might be fair

[full lagoon]

I'm not saying the elephant would never win but it seems silly to put them up against a predator of that caliber that's experienced at taking down large prey

[warped peak]

Yeah its not exactly a fair setup. You'd need at least an elephant with robust tusks, and at least a 50 - 60% weight advantage over the theropod to hold its own

[full lagoon]

Yeah, for sure

[warped peak]

Unfortunately, there is no elephant large enough for that

[paper parcel]

Madrehorn /jk

[warped peak]

The closest we got is Zygolophodon as the largest Proboscidean, but it's massive, long tusks would be terrible into Tyrannosaurus

[paper parcel]

Seems non sauropods have a hard size limit on land

[warped peak]

Yeah outside of sauropods, the largest is currently

1. Shant
   2/3/4. Zygolophodon/Paraceratherium/Dzungariotherium in some order (too close in size with too little information)
2. Edmont

[stiff osprey]

slander campaign against palaeoloxodon was so effective it went from largest land animal that's not a sauropod to barely larger than rex

[paper parcel]

I mean the evidence is literally a single bone, it could be both

[warped peak]

The consequences of your entire identity as the "largest mammalian herbivore" being based on a single unmeasured bone fragment when the rest of your genus is notably smaller (the bone was lost)

[stiff osprey]

maraapuniloxodon

[full lagoon]

We should all know by now that stuff like this is almost always initially hyped up out of proportion

[coral forge]

get edmont outta here bro isnt even top 3 hadrosaurs 🥀

[warped peak]

Oh? Who's the #2 largest hadrosaur then? Even by keystone specimen

[queen oar]

Was the bone even described or measured?

[steep atlas]

Big paul?

[warped peak]

It was measured, but there was no such thing as standardized measurements when it was measured so the inches used weren't actually inches, rendering the measurement useless

[paper parcel]

Sauropod moment

[queen oar]

Does it?

[coral forge]

wait I forgot X-Rex exists lmao
but if you count indeterminate fragments then the ojo alamo kritosaur is larger

[warped peak]

Is X Rex indeterminate?

[queen oar]

Maybe.

[coral forge]

afaik edmont tails arent diagnostic but its still considered annectens anyway

[warped peak]

I henceforth dub this: Larramendiitis

Because giant Palaeoloxodon, Bruhathkayosaurus, and giant Marapuunisaurus are all lost fossils with mass estimates yielded by Larramendi that would be pushing the limit of their respective group

[queen oar]

I'd say it's in that category of Maastrichtian Saurolophinis

[ionic linden]

dreadnoughtus my beloved

[stiff osprey]

Maraapuni wasn't his fault he actually was notably more conservative about it than everyone else

[paper parcel]

Can't wait for them to find the still living sauropods in the congo river. Mokele Mbembe

[coral forge]

hell creek saurolophin ❤️‍🩹 🌹 🙏

[stiff osprey]

except for the guys who wrote a paper that was 'maybe cope just made a typo'

[queen oar]

Lance formation too apparently.

[coral forge]

same thing

[queen oar]

Me and Doog were looking at a " Trachodon " mandible Marsh allegedly described from there, and it's pretty long.

[coral forge]

could you send it here?

[queen oar]

Sure, let me kick the pc

[queen oar]

and I measured it, it's like 106+ cms

[coral forge]

thats E. annectens

[queen oar]

Possible

[coral forge]

no like
it is E. annectens
YPM 616 is Edmontosaurus annectens

[rare bough]

its Ananotitan

[coral forge]

Which is Edmontosaurus annectens

[rare bough]

your welcome

[coral forge]

what

[paper parcel]

It's a ragebaitasaurus

[thorn grove]

wait Agnes sent this to me earlier and I somehow didn't notice it was labeled YPM 616 lmao

[coral forge]

its labelled as YPM 616 twice and the tag says Anatotitan lmao

[thorn grove]

I'm blind ok I can't even read chat I just assume what people are saying and am correct

[stable sun]

What is Zygolophodon

[warped peak]

Mammut/Zygolophodon (genus unclear) borsoni is currently sitting as the proboscidean with the larger properly described material

[coral forge]

is the 13t sub adult the largest verifiable P. namadicus?

[sullen cairn]

Fortunately for annectens ypm 616 is a nomen dubium which is probably for the best given it has priority over annectens anyways

[mental cloak]

Camarasaurus is very legy

[warped peak]

Basically, though I believe its a bit over 14?

[coral forge]

larramendi has it at 12.5t, idk if thats accurate or not

[warped peak]

No clue

[charred hearth]

is it small or is everything else just really big

[ionic linden]

i think everything else is just really big idk

[true juniper]

I remember how pre tlc spino was Kaiju sized

[charred hearth]

funfact, alberta and eo are the same size irl

[queen oar]

nah.

[charred hearth]

not weight, i meant height, i apologize for bad wording

well 🤥

[queen oar]

I mean idk about @balmy oyster's skeletal ( I just assume it's his ), but definetly not? Unless Alberta got bigger and I'm not aware of it.

[charred hearth]

well, i put the big nose emoji because its suppose to be pinnichio , The nose growth was intended as punishment for his dishonesty because his father didnt want him to lie because he wamnted to raise a honest son and thats why i put that emoji because its nose is long because i lied 🙁

[queen oar]

happens.

[charred hearth]

if eo was renamed to trike, how accurate would it be to trike?

[queen oar]

There is some Triceratops specimens that some alleged to " Look like Eotriceratops ", but how much weight that holds, it's pretty subjective. Specially if it's basing on reconstructions that had no thought in mind about how well-preserved the material is.

[charred hearth]

be honest, which one does PoT eo ( base species ) look like more

[coral forge]

ingame eo is probably already closer to Triceratops than actual Eotriceratops so like

[queen oar]

More Triceratops. It's also not based on any reconstructions of Eo's skull. Due to how crushed the material is, and how there lacks good photos/figures of the material, Eo's old skulls kinda ultimately gave Eo too much of a longer squamosal, assuming that the material preserved was reflective of how it looked in life.

You could also say, that maybe Alderon asked some of their artists " Hey, make Eo look more like Trike " and that's why it looks the way it does. But ultimately, it is more Trike-like in game

[charred hearth]

funfact, trike was chosen over eo in a poll but eo was chosen anyways

[sudden wind]

It looks more like Triceratops to be fair.

[queen oar]

kinda expected it, tbh.

[coral forge]

-# almost like Eotriceratops sucks and you can't reconstruct an animal's entire postcranial skeleton based on like 12 bones meaning they had to fill the gaps with a close relative

[charred hearth]

isnt that what happened with hatz and metri?

[queen oar]

tbh, the issue is less with the postcranial, and more so with the skull in general.

[coral forge]

ig

the skull doesnt look too bad imo
its kinda just the horns and shape of the frill

[charred hearth]

why does metri and hatz look so distinct while eo looks like trike on a budget?

[queen oar]

It's a bit weird to limit Eotrike to only species that are clearly referencing Triceratops specimens, when Eotrike kinda of gets the title around of being the " Triceratopsini ancestor ", so like idk... Maybe put a species referencing Torosaurus or Ojoceratops.

[coral forge]

wym

[charred hearth]

what i mean is what i mean and what i meant is what i meant

[coral forge]

ok but like what did you mean

[queen oar]

It really isn't. Even the snout if we assume it's one of the thing loyal to Eotrike reconstructions, that area itself from the animal, may have not been preserved decently. Eotrike as a matter of fact, among Ceratopsid reconstructions, tends to have the longest snout, likely cause the process was distorted during preservation in some way or another.

[charred hearth]

hatz and metri are able to visually look distinct besides barely having any material, if im correct, even less then Eo iirc

Eo just looks like trike, its not visually distinct in anyway from it

[queen oar]

Cause it is a trike on a budget.

[coral forge]

thats because of a really cool thing called creative liberty where an artist does whatever the hell they want because they never claimed to be 100% accurate

[charred hearth]

did it run out for eo

[queen oar]

Me when I remove any potential of a animal to have it's own identity, and rely on traits from the identity of a more famous animal. Somehow that is " Creative Liberty "

I mean, reconstructions are like that. But also like, on many aspects this is just Triceratops.

[balmy oyster]

It’s just triceratops 😭

[queen oar]

" Eotriceratops xerinsularis? More like... Triceratops xerinsularis "

[coral forge]

eo is fine it just needs a deeper jaw and longer frill

[queen oar]

I mean, if Alderon intends to keep it closer to old Eo reconstructions, sure. I mean, it's better than just " Definetly-Not-Triceratops "

[coral forge]

Eo's skull literally has not changed. The only difference between old and new reconstructions is the size of the skull proportionate to the rest of the body

[queen oar]

See, I'm not gonna mention my reconstruction, because then it sounds more like a ego thing, which I do not want it. But trust me when I say this, Eo's skull material, definetly preserves a lot of the skull, but how it's preserved, it's definetly not good, and reconstructions who do not even remotely doubt how well the material is, will not age well. So at the end, I would've definetly preferred if Alderon did a skull reconstruction of their own.

[balmy oyster]

PoT are pro-lumpers

[queen oar]

Legit, not even joking. If they did one themselves, it would've been extra points for creativity.

[coral forge]

._.

[runic heart]

Ok so it’s cymbospondylus and dongusuchus. Also just realized that the eyes aren’t actually that big, there’s just yellow rings around them. Still creepy though.

[icy lagoon]

are we really nitpicking pot's eo guys?

[outer tusk]

that's not nitpicking

[queen oar]

It just needs a new skull rec.

[mental cloak]

Dinosaurs

[runic rover]

Today I saw a Nile croc scratching like a dog... Since when do they do that?!

Would a Deinosuchus ever be able to do that?

[queen oar]

they try, I think?

[mental cloak]

I mean
If they are itchy
Also idk if deinosuchus could do that

[paper parcel]

I imagine dinosaurs/pseudosuchians would use trees or other abrasive things to scratch if they don't have the arms to do it

[mental cloak]

Yeah thats possible

[little mauve]

Birds use their feet a lot to scratch, I've seen bearded dragons do it too. Seems a relatively common behavior for sauropsids in general

[paper parcel]

Cute, seeing a triceratops or sauropod using a tree to scratch would also be cute

100% real image of camarasaurus taking mudbath

[balmy oyster]

New lancian apato

[charred hearth]

it made it to the late cretascous???

[queen oar]

they are alive?

[balmy oyster]

Yes, lancian’s been pumping out a lot of skeletals recently

[outer tusk]

he's very good

[queen oar]

very horizontal.

[runic heart]

Where does he post them?

[hallow spear]

Very, I dislike that it’s very much that horizontal personally

[queen oar]

Yeah, I tend to prefer to lift the neck a little, I guess.

[woeful falcon]

Oh laaaancian! Stego's disrespecting your work in PoTcord! 📢

[queen oar]

he's not even here.

[light osprey]

Absolutely!

[hallow spear]

I told him already, lancian isn’t gonna kill me I don’t think

But like my opinion on whether I agree or not is irrelevant it’s up to him

[woeful falcon]

I figured as much lol

[queen oar]

Did you know I have a reconstruction of Cetiosauriscus as a Diplodocoidea?

[light osprey]

The real sauropod experts have concluded the sauropods didn’t hold their necks up, follow the science!

[hallow spear]

Erm acktually I asked brick and he thinks a more vertical stance is more agreeable and he is a sauropod expert 🤓🤓

[woeful falcon]

Factual

[queen oar]

The Real OG was Paleoking ( idk )

[light osprey]

I thought brick was the one in discussion agreeing with Lance who am I thinking of

[hallow spear]

Tommeh, and technically he just said it’s variable and there isn’t much to say what’s “more likely”

[queen oar]

Why did Stego react like that?

[light osprey]

We’ll have to kill Lancian and tommeh then!

[hallow spear]

Paleoking is nima!!!

[queen oar]

I see.

[tough parcel]

I will alert him immediately.

[hallow spear]

True… can we also kill @tough parcel

[woeful falcon]

Some of these requests have been.... arranged already.

[queen oar]

@hallow spear you gonna have to kill me first.

[tough parcel]

ATP it’d be a mercy, I’m so tired dude, do NOT wait until the last day to do your final project! Bad idea!

[hallow spear]

It looks like it has a tumour on the neck 😭

[queen oar]

True.

[hallow spear]

Evidence of… skill issue?

[deft shuttle]

Did yall decide if spino had lips? I wanna know.

[queen oar]

Ask Dilo, not any of us. They are the real expert on that topic ( allegedly, idk really )

[light osprey]

https://tenor.com/view/jjk-higuruma-higuruma-anime-higuruma-oh-my-god-higuruma-son-gif-17189742323797679519

[deft shuttle]

Im just curious because I found it interesting. I'm not no paleontologyst

[queen oar]

Well, just clutch it, dude.

[stiff osprey]

Trust me the final answer on if spinosaurs had lips is not coming from the path of titans discord

[balmy oyster]

In more secluded servers, he doesn’t share his skeletals around very often

[deft shuttle]

I didn't say I need the legitimate answer I just wanna know what they came up with.

Not to mention there was a lot of factual statements thrown out from them so odds are one of the people here could find a decent answer. Here your more than likely to meet a smart dino enthusiast than you are scrolling Facebook 🤷‍♂️

[balmy oyster]

Facebook will show you a ai generated image of a sailed jp tyrannosaurus then claim it was 20 tons

[light osprey]

The best answer is that there’s no way to strongly prove absence or presence right now

[deft shuttle]

Still wanna know if they came to agreement or what they stand on

[light osprey]

If you mean Dilo, they said something to the same affect, with the additive of lips being a plesiomorphic condition for amniotes in the absence of evidence for the secondary lack of them

[queen oar]

Was it cause someone was harassing them?

[balmy oyster]

Not sure

[outer tusk]

interesting

[paper parcel]

I am a irl sauropod and can confirm they hold their necks up

[brittle veldt]

https://youtube.com/shorts/8O-geTeKel8?si=tMVG_qffRsTlu4Ty

[vital mist]

Anyone know ab a server with only Dinosaurs from a specific period of time like Triassic, Jurassic, or Cretaceous?

Ik the base dinosaurs are from different periods, but is there a server that dosnt allow u to play a (for example) a Triassic Dino in a creataceous server

[queen oar]

yuppers.

[tough parcel]

Can I dm you a server invite?

[mental cloak]

Could springtrap survive in the late cretaceous period?

[queen oar]

The entire Late Cretaceous or one specific point of the Late Cretaceous?

[mental cloak]

Hmmm hell creek

[mental cloak]

In my opinion
Even tho spino would be more in water
I think it would have lips
It makes is more natural looking..for me at least

[charred hearth]

thoughts on the new colossal news?

[balmy oyster]

Money laundering

[queen oar]

Hey Fishy

[charred hearth]

why's that?

what exactly is the goal behind reviving these prehestoric animals, i never got that

[mental cloak]

Idk,money laundering

[queen oar]

Money Laundering disguised as " Doing something useful " ( It isn't. )

[dense scroll]

Hello folks!
I wanna make a suggestion about Geostenbergia hand orientation, can anyone check if my silly illustration is correct?
Thanks.

[queen oar]

@little mauve your field, I guess.

[cloud dagger]

Bluebuck is not prehistoric, it got extinct in ~200 years ago

[vital mist]

Sure! Sorry I went to sleep

[scenic flame]

yes though earlier pterosaurs like rhamphornychus had the latter hand position

[frail robin]

Yes, it's correct

[dense scroll]

Thank you!!

[dense scroll]

You have my gratitude!!

[scenic flame]

iirc Pteranodonts onwards had the back angled hands like ye drew

[outer tusk]

ye

[true juniper]

If a pteranodon attacks you can you just grasp its Beak shut
Theyre not exactly the heaviest

[steep atlas]

i'd be scared of that thing

[lavish frigate]

Weird choice but sure go for it

They founded a de-extinction company, I’m fine with them de-extincting things (if they actually do it instead of being like “wow we injected a gazelle with blue buck hoof genes this is the same as reviving a species”)

[true juniper]

Look at how thick it's arm bones are
Imagine if it got fussy and wacked you with it's wing like some birds do

[queen oar]

@zealous ravine Hey Dilo, the other day you mentioned evidence of small sauropods making herd with juveniles of larger sauropods, could you show that real quick?

[zealous ravine]

I didn't?

[queen oar]

.

[zealous ravine]

Oh I meant smaller sauropods make herds and juvenile sauropods make herds, not necessarily together

[queen oar]

https://tenor.com/view/may-i-see-it-chalmers-gif-18367950853266778478

[zealous ravine]

Idk if it's been published yet but Mother's Day Quarry is a big one. Edit: found it, just waiting for cooldown

[queen oar]

I'll ignore the voices.

[zealous ravine]

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003101820900011X?via%3Dihub

[zealous ravine]

Oh wait, ok so maybe this is actually true and I was right on accident lmao, cause this paper mentions how some material in the MDQ appears to be true juvenile diplodocids while other material seems to potenitally be mature individuals of some dwarf species. Tho excersize caution cause it hasn't been the subject of a full dedicated study yet. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6181913/#Sec23

[spice latch]

Wdym “dilo” they aren’t a dilo 😤

[queen oar]

@zealous ravine do you potentially identify yourself as a Sinosaurus?

[spice latch]

https://tenor.com/view/fadding-smart-gif-16536398705701482405

[velvet burrow]

Bajo de la Carpa was mentioned and i didn't realize, i'm so sad

Also about this. I don't think that's a rule, because in Patagonia we also have Portezuelo from the coniacian and Cerro Fortaleza from (probably) early maastrichtian where the local predators were around the same sizes as the ones in Bajo de la Carpa but some sauropods like Futalognkosaurus, Dreadnoughtus and Puertasaurus still reached quite high levels gigantism

IMO the simplest answer is that there's a size cap (relative to the local predators) sauropods have to reach in order to use it as a deterrent and from there they're free to reach higher sizes depending on other environmental factors such as food availability

[primal coyote]

Random hypothesis I had: Would Maniraptoran Dinosaurs taste like Gamefowl? (Ik it’s probably a bit off topic but my brain won’t abandon it)

[little mauve]

Taste depends on the diet and activity levels of the animal. Herbivorous/omnivorous maniraptorans would be closest but quite tough and gamey as wild animals, carnivores would have a meat closer to modern day raptors, i.e. generally not good to eat

[primal coyote]

Good to know :3

[balmy oyster]

But they’re not. And based on past actions & how the government reacted, I don’t think these guys are here for good reasons.

[little mauve]

De-extinction itself is a pretty ethically fraught idea. A private startup with who knows who funding it, plus the nods from the Trump regime and others. It's a bad scene, these guys are shady

[balmy oyster]

The issue isn’t blue antelopes or big wolves. It’s whatever the government & other powerful groups & people are wanting to utilize this genetic modification for.

[little mauve]

It's not about it hurting ecosystems necessarily, even then ecosystems can and do change as rapidly as within years, decades, or centuries

The primary issue is that it's fluff. Startups generate hype to generate investment to drive up the potential value of their stock. Achieving on stated goals or promises is secondary. Thats the phase Colossal is in right now, and theres good reason to be skeptical of their achievements and goals

Secondly the logistics of what they propose beggar belief. Are they really going to clone a sustainable, genetically diverse breeding population of thousands of individuals? And secure habitat for them?

I doubt it personally

The endgame goal is for their stock to be worth a bajillion dollars when they go public based on some photos of white mutant wolves

[balmy oyster]

I doubt that’s the “endgame” tbh, more so just a bug benefit.

[little mauve]

Legal fiduciary duty will necessarily obligate them to that end, no matter what their intentions are

If they ever got big enough, certainly they would become just as shady as those sectors. But their science isn't really impressive, it's not scalable, it serves no real function. This is pure hype

[queen oar]

Not to mention, the initiatives from Colossal has damaged ecosystems, by the clear evidence of how willing the current administration in america has been on shutting down every wildlife protection/preservation institution and laws altogether.

[little mauve]

https://thebulletin.org/2025/04/dire-wolf-or-colossal-misrepresentation/

[little mauve]

I wouldn't be surprised if there was a connection there, certainly. This administration is dumb enough to believe the hype and they want any excuse to cut those regulations

[paper parcel]

I think they are just trying to speedrun life extending tech

[queen oar]

I think I saw the other day the news, right? That they want to kill Cormorants, yeah? Cause in their logic, some stupid birds are somehow responsible for the decline of fish in their waters... Not the... Oh, you know? The companies overfishing?

[balmy oyster]

Did they genuinely say this? How stupid do they think people are?

[queen oar]

It was on the news and twitter, last month. They were pretty much trying to find anything that would essentially allow the practice of hunting and killing these birds on sight.

[little mauve]

Sea lions too, a rep in Washington is proposing it

[paper parcel]

The fear of death is a big part, they think if they allow genetic testing and other stuff related to dna, they think they will be able to artificially extend their lives since genes slowly decaying overtime is a hugepart of aging. Since Telemeres(which contain dna) slowly break over time as cells are replaced

[little mauve]

*for the wealthy

[paper parcel]

Just like the Dark Crystal movie fr

[queen oar]

Tbh, the worst thing about Colossal is how, even if you argue that they have genuine intentions, it's only performative in nature. What the f#ck does a species extinct for decades or centuries even contribute to modern ecosystems who have established members on the brink of extinction? And mind you, it's totally possible to acquire more samples with those, because it's live specimens, instead of dead or decomposing specimens in a collection or in the wild.

[little mauve]

There's that and also what actually are these animals they're creating? How do we define them? At best they're something new and not a recreation of anything. You can't de-extinct just like you can't raise something from the dead, it doesn't work. Mammals are taught their behaviors by their parents and sometimes extended families, who is fulfilling that role in a new creation with no prior generations? I can think of nothing sadder than a "resurrected" mammoth doomed to be an orphan forever, no matter how many more mammoths they clone

[paper parcel]

Mutts, basically just half baked hybrids or modern animals wearing prehistoric skin

[charred hearth]

how would you even transform a ressurcted mammoth to the enviorments it suppose to live in? it has 0 to none prior knowledge of it and would only know tropical enviorments for its life

[little mauve]

Exactly

[paper parcel]

You would have a legit easier time building a warp drive to go back in time, and just seeing the prehistoric mammals that way and setting up a prehistoric colony to preserve their genetics then undoing any human environmental damage.

[little mauve]

Jurassic Park is literally about the fact that it's sheer arrogance to resurrect an extinct species, assuming things about its ecology, and only unscrupulous carnival barker billionaires would ever even attempt it

[queen oar]

Pretty much. It's kinda funny since this is something that they also don't discuss on any matter whatsoever? They don't talk about behaviour or plans to reintroduce or introduce these animals into any ecosystem, giving impression that ultimately... The goal with these is just pure personnal or public entertainment.

[little mauve]

It's the stock $ I'm telling ya, but yes basically the same thing. Hype for the stock. There's no substance

[paper parcel]

Its not even jurassic park, its cenozoic sh3rt

[charred hearth]

i heard they wanna bring back quagga's, literally what is bringing back quagga's gonna do??? their literally just less flashy zebra's

[little mauve]

https://pleistocenepark.org/ pleistocene park is an actual non profit scientific endeavor concerned with ecology and climate change and has never gotten the hype colossal has

[queen oar]

I think it's funny, because it's even said that like, other Zebras already established in Africa, likely already replaced Quaggas? Ecologically

[paper parcel]

I don't think they understand that most species went extinct because of people, not because it was some magical preordained event, resurrecting doesn't just magically undo the problem

[queen oar]

Since, we are in the topic of stupid ideas, do you wanna hear MY stupid idea?

[little mauve]

Sure go for it

[paper parcel]

Deal, what if we just turned people into extinct species(preferrably mesozoic reptiles) using some nano machines and made humans go extinct while not killing them at the same time.

[queen oar]

So, I was discussing to my friends, how: if I did a Jurassic Park, I would use the technology to help species on the brink of extinction. The only exception being animals such as whales, who cannot be housed in a Zoo/Park in any practical way, and probably would've accounted for multiple offenses of Animal abuse. And one of those ideas it's how, since most Cheetahs are inbred in some form of another, the idea was to experiment with the concept of taking older species from the Acinonyx genus, and try to breed them with modern Cheetahs to see, if introducing more basal traits would help them with their genetic diversity

I think it wouldn't work.

[paper parcel]

It completely removes human suffering without causing further damage and permanently stopping environmental damage

[mental cloak]

U see
Dead prehistoric animal,sad ppl
No money:(
"Bring back" animal,happy ppl
Money:D

[mental cloak]

I wish i could see em

[little mauve]

It might work but again you'd still be creating a new artificial species at that point. There's still some merit to it, certainly relative to what colossals stated goals are, but it has some of the same pitfalls

[mental cloak]

What if they did what [REDACTED] did with the chickens..but
Better

[balmy oyster]

Well so far from what we’ve seen they’ve been doing a worse job, which is kinda funny

[mental cloak]

Das true
Also the moa bird they announce will be just a big emu at the end of th day

[balmy oyster]

Ig when it became clear horner was going to be booted out from the science field sometime soon they went for option B which is Colossal

[mental cloak]

Yeah bcuz ofc they did

[mental cloak]

I think all ratites are more close related (and yeah that includes kiwi)

[slow trench]

I mean they recently accidently crossbred two different breeds of dogfish that shouldn't have been genetically close enough to produce offspring and made a crossbred dogfish. Scientists are starting to think that crossbreeding isn't ass difficult to do as once thought.

[rare bough]

you canot play god

[rare bough]

https://tenor.com/view/jeff-goldblum-jurassic-park-jurassic-scientist-your-scientists-gif-11921883

https://tenor.com/view/jurassic-park-dinosaurs-baby-ian-malcolm-jeff-goldblum-gif-9800467489147346643

[queen oar]

True.

[mental cloak]

"Chicken aint nothing but a bird"

[mental cloak]

I can!
See
If i can change the world to the molecular point
I can do anything i want!
(This comment is a satire)

[rare bough]

No Im Biologist and Paleontologist

[zenith rose]

Paleontology people… I can’t find refs for sauropod feet. Which one is these are backwards??

[stiff osprey]

The claws face away from the center of the body, and the innermost one is the biggest

[zenith rose]

Thank you so much, seems my claws are more backwards rather than the foot itself. I think I’ve made a proper fix!

[mental cloak]

Its like
Tortoise feet
That had tooth back facin claws
I mean some of em have those

[zenith rose]

Sauropod feet freak me out! I’ve got horrible aphantasia so when looking for references of such unusual features, it can be rather difficult to ‘manipulate’ those forms in my mind, if that makes sense. I’m grateful for this chat where those who know more than me are able to help 😅

[mental cloak]

Also there this refence here i found

[zenith rose]

Goodness. We have aliens on earth! Thank you!

[mental cloak]

Yeah i know how u feel
I mean
I mostly draw therapods so their feet are kinda "easy" to draw lmao

[zenith rose]

Yes they’re extremely easy, especially when taking birds into account you have always got a reference no matter what. Sauropods on the other hand… less easy to find references because they’re so bizarre and unique. That goes for a lot of non-theropod dinosaurs, though.

[mental cloak]

Indeed!
Thats why tortoise can be ur best reference for those
Cuz they look fairly similar to sauropod feet in my opinion at least heheh

[zenith rose]

Certainly! I’ll be sure to reference them more closely next time around

[runic heart]

Did those trackways from last year change the exposure of the claws or nah?

[stiff osprey]

At least one species had the claws mostly buried in flesh, yeah

[runic heart]

And this was a Titanosaur of some kind?

[stiff osprey]

I don't remember when are the footprints from

[runic heart]

Nemegtosaurus apparently

Or opisthocoelicaudia. Some kind of nemegt Titanosaur.

[stiff osprey]

Oh more reasons for saltasaurids to be horrible. Cool

[runic heart]

Isn’t Alamosaurus a saltasaurid?

[stiff osprey]

Alamo is a wastebasket made of probably two or more taxa which may not even be close relatives. But yes at least one of them is a saltasaurid

[runic heart]

Oh interesting. Are the skeletal proportions similar between them or no?

[stiff osprey]

We only have a forelimb and tail from the saltasaurid, and only a neck described from the lognkosaur form, so who knows

My suspicion is the lognkosaur has a shorter tail and a longer, wider neck

[queen oar]

not really. It's just that identifying what is Alamosaurus and what isn't, is extremely difficult, or haven't been put into much consideration in literature.

Additionally, the fact that literature stucked up the idea of " Alamosaurus being the only Titanosaur in Late Cretaceous North America ", also contributed to why many authors were reckless or confident that any material belong to it.

[runic heart]

What is the general saltasaur build compared to the lognkosaur build? Oh, and most titanosaurs are lognkosaurs, right?

[stiff osprey]

lognkosauria is just Patagotitan, Futalognkosaurus, Argentinosaurus and friends, saltasaurids are mostly small taxa with very robust limbs. Some have short necks and are grazers/low browsers but most lack neck material

[mental cloak]

How diferent are both velociraptor species?(mongoliensis and osmolskae)

[runic heart]

So like, isisaurus is a saltasaur?

[stiff osprey]

In some phylogenies yes, or close to them

[little mauve]

V. osmolskae was described on the basis of some paired maxillae and a left lacrimal. Not a whole lot to go on. It's very similar to V. mongoliensis from what little we can tell

[mental cloak]

Oh i see

[charred hearth]

https://x.com/__reniti__/status/2050530705827098637

Reniti (@__reniti__)

Short movie of Cretaceous Kraken “Nanaimoteuthis haggarti”

#paleoart#nanaimoteuthis #3dart #ammonite #noai

▶ Play video

X · May 2, 2026, 10:59 AM

[runic heart]

Surviving earth wrap party poster showing what we have seen in the trailer, and stuff we have yet to see. Seems like the nanuq’s chasing the edmontosaurs are either juveniles, or the poster just shrinks their size.

[charred hearth]

thoughts on this Criticism for paleo docs? https://x.com/YutyTyrant/status/2050588633770442933

🦖 Dino Kia 🦖; 🏳️‍🌈 (@YutyTyrant)

Ah, there he is. It's not a modern paleo documentary without the Baby Eater 3000 showing up, lol

(I'll say, tho, "hadrosaur" and "pterosaur" are annoying. Why are they anti genus names all of a sudden?)

X · May 2, 2026, 2:50 PM

[wintry sluice]

The Baby Eater 3000 bit or the anti genus name bit?

[exotic flare]

Genus?

[coral forge]

Canis

[sudden wind]

Canis

[steep atlas]

Goblinus

[coral forge]

Canis lupus unfamiliaris

[velvet burrow]

I'm ngl the agenda-following part of me doesn't want Alamosaurus to be resolved because North America having no sauropods past the cenomanian is just very funny

[tough parcel]

If someone was a real dinosaur-head, they’d know Morgan Freeman had trouble pronouncing the names which was likely the reason they omitted the names

[charred hearth]

both.

[ionic crescent]

Weren't in the other doc multiple bloopers with Morgan having fun of how weird and almost unpronuntiable some of the names were (to him)? LOL

[still prairie]

Yeah

[runic rover]

Tbh Morgan Freeman or not they started this trend of "Ah, yes, a herd of unnamed Hadrosaurids you don't care because they didn't appear in any major Paleomedia" started back in PhP, so I kinda agree with that tweet.

Also I don't care of Azdarchids eating babies being repetitive, we had Rex in every documentary ever since forever, so idk why people should get annoyed by any other recurring trope.

[tough parcel]

Rex appearing isn't a trope it's a charismatic animal that everyone knows

Azhdarchids being reduced to one thing is an overused trope

[still prairie]

I guess the argument of ''ecologically its all they could do'' but like ehh its a bit weird esp since PhP 2 gave em much more to do(for better and worse)

[peak jetty]

Rex (or anything) appearing in all relevant media because of popularity is a trope though.

[tough parcel]

How?

I don't think T. rex is a significant or recurrent theme; a motif

A heavily reused trope is "T. rex is a (good) parent actually"

[peak jetty]

At risk of going off-topic, a trope is any kind of depiction, idea, or whatever that can occur in media. It is a much more broad thing than just "x doing x".

Fanservice (for lack of a better word rn), like Rex appearing in nearly all paleomedia, is a trope.

[tough parcel]

Ok then has anyone called Captain America a trope? Optimus Prime?

No, they call the actions of what they do a trope hence the inclusion of Tyrannosaurus is not one, but what they do with it is such as being a tender caring parent

[peak jetty]

... Characters in and of themselves are not tropes, nor did I ever suggest that.

But this is decidedly off topic, so I am dropping it.

[tough parcel]

The T. rex is a charcter, your argument failed already

[peak jetty]

reading comprehension is dead.

[tough parcel]

Then tell me why it isn't, curious that you gave up after agreeing with me

[charred hearth]

people always become defeatists as soon as the arguement dosent go their way, stand on buisness

[tough parcel]

The point of all this is that azhdarchids only did something besides "eat baby" in PrePlanet and even then, "eat baby" was 75% of their screentime

[coral forge]

A trope people use way too often is all hadrosaurs being amazing parents
Maiasaura and possibly Edmontosaurus regalis being good parents doesnt mean all hadrosaurs are good parents, especially when there's bonebeds that prove otherwise

[charred hearth]

explain more?

[coral forge]

iirc the Amurosaurus bonebed showed that for that species at least, herds were age segregated, meaning babies kinda just had to fend for themselves and couldn't join the adults

[charred hearth]

oh alright!

[little mauve]

Hypacrosaurus shows more precocial young than Maiasaura as well

[coral forge]

kinda funny how for 2 sister clades, one of them actually cared about their kids, and the other just used the sauropod method

[thorn grove]

There's multiple Hadrosaur bonebeds that showcase age segregated herds but interestingly it's inconsistent

E. annectens has the Hanson Ranch bonebed which is just adults but the RMDQ has adults subadults and adolescents

Shantungosaurus has the Kogou quarry bonebed which is just adults but the Zangjiazhuang quarry bonebed has a mix of adults and much younger individuals a fraction their size

[runic heart]

This does make me wonder what the concept art for the nanuqsaurus looked like…

[queen oar]

tbh, yeah. I think if documentaries reuse animals already shown before, they have to offer something new and refreshing in return. Tyrannosaurus as of recently, hasn't had anything new explored beyond what we've already done in past documentaries. Same thing for Azhdarchids

But we can't explore new things either, because then it ALSO gets negative feedback in some way, cause it's " Too Speculative ".

And yes, Tyrannosaurus re-appearing constantly in documentaries is a trope. Less on the regards of Tyrannosaurus itself, but more so, as said already, often it's inclusion is " Purposeless ", it's not exactly a " New Character " from the world of paleontology that people aren't aware of already, and it's inclusion often comes without any exact payoff

even in PhP, where Parental Care and Display behaviour were shown, this is not exactly something new, and has been explored as far as Walking With Dinosaurs. And ultimately in Season 2, the only thing explored with it was Hunting Behaviour, which we already have seen with some frequency, if anything... It is something that Tyrannosaurs did since their first apperance in the first paleomedias

This is not to say that more unique dinosaurs haven't been as, equally, disappointing in the introduction and conclusion of their narratives. But this feels more like an effect from these documentaries simply not wanting to be bold and creative, to not pass an impression of " Inaccuracy "

[coral forge]

I imagine the shant situation could be an example of different subspecies behaving differently?
Also its cool how Edmontosaurus annectens has evidence of age segregation, but ?E. regalis has evidence of being a good parent. Kinda shows how you can't really use phylogenetic bracketing to determine social behaviours.

[charred hearth]

do you guys think azdarchids will ever escape the trope of them hunting young and will be bodied by the larger therapod to show it as the bigger threat?

[thorn grove]

Maybe, though I also suspect herding behavior could have varied depending on the time of year as a consequence of changing dietary options. I've seen it suggested that the age segregation was the result of ontogenetic niche partitioning between adult Hadrosaurs and younger individuals but if said niche segregation was only true for part of the year then herd segregation would have only been beneficial for part of the year as well.

[outer tusk]

T.rex, my favortie nonfiction character

[still prairie]

Considering how viscerally people reacted to the Quetzals actually putting up a fight against 1 rex its doubtful

Esp since WWD 2025 had 2 entire sequences of azdarchids getting wrecked by tyrannosaurs

[little mauve]

That's an interesting idea, seasonal segregation. Perhaps in the breeding season sexually mature individuals congregated and thats why we see this variation

[fallow mulch]

who made this skeletal?

[outer tusk]

SIW made the original the, pose was edited by Tableseating

[undone rapids]

SIW is SpinoInWonderland

[paper parcel]

I love mammals

[topaz shell]

Technically they aren’t mammals

[paper parcel]

Reptile like mammals

[topaz shell]

Still aren’t true mammals

[charred hearth]

Which kentrosaurus is more accuarte? : PoT vs the Isle

[light osprey]

All hadrosaurs did parenting of the hatchlings

[steep atlas]

I think PoT mainly because cheekless

[charred hearth]

it didnt have cheeks?

[exotic flare]

Real

[exotic flare]

Looks caked to me idk what they're on about in here

[steep atlas]

afaik stegosaurids did not have cheeks

[tough parcel]

Are you sure?

[charred hearth]

someone summon stego

[bleak rose]

Wait, really?

How do we know that? 🤔 Is it because there are anatomical studies that support that it indeed wouldn't have cheeks?

[steep atlas]

well they lacked the jaw closer muscles that attached far forward on the jaw, like we see in guys who were probably cheeked

and by "cheeks" i don't necessarily mean exposed muscles, i just mean skin that extends forward of that

[bleak rose]

Oh dw i understood that

I didn't know aout the lack of closer muscles. That's pretty interesting

[steep atlas]

it has the jaw closer muscles, but they attached more typically, sort of like theropods or lizards

[runic heart]

And that makes sense due to the simpler chewing.

[steep atlas]

yeah, we have modern hebivorous lizards with a very similar mouth tissue setup. iguanas, etc. iirc the same also applies to pachycephalosaurs. not sure how it applies to miscellaneous ornithischians like thescelosaurids, hypsilophodonts, etc

[runic heart]

I thought pachy’s did have further extending mouth tissue?

[steep atlas]

not as far as i know. they also had a simple chewing mechanism

[scenic flame]

PoT has much better proportions, TI's is way too thin

[runic heart]

Yeah but what about attachment stuff.

[steep atlas]

typical reptilian jaw muscle attachment. if i can find illustrations from the paper i will

[bleak rose]

Oh please send 'em if you can! It would be delightful to see it

[steep atlas]

some i had on hand. i believe it was from a second paper by the same authors? got one more hold up

[charred hearth]

so it didint have cheeks?

[little mauve]

https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ar.23988

[hallow spear]

@tough parcel what do you want lil buddy

[tough parcel]

I said cheek discussion on stegosaurs, get workign!

[charred hearth]

we're discussing two things

Who's more accurate , PoT kentro or The isle Kentro

and if stegosaurids had cheeks or not

[steep atlas]

from what i posted it looks like stegosaurids and pachycephalosaurids would both have a much more restricted "cheek" region compared to ceratopsids and hadrosaurs

[queen oar]

Lips.

[steep atlas]

👄

[runic heart]

Hadrosaur cheeks probably extended further than this though right?

[steep atlas]

they extended at least that far unless you like to imagine big pink sheets of muscle stretching between their jaws. note that the illustrations might not perfectly portray the extent of the muscle attachment

[hallow spear]

dempsey doesnt think so, so i guess no

[runic heart]

Yeah, and on top of this, I believe there are nodosaur skulls with full cheek coverage.

[steep atlas]

yeah, they had a cheek osteoderm, which pretty directly indicates they'd have cheeks

[little mauve]

Birds have the same musculature but also a rictus of skin that can form a cheek of sorts. Possible that ornithiscians had the same

[runic heart]

And theropods, cause birds are literally theropods.

[steep atlas]

i think that the shape of the jaw margin along the tooth row could give us hints as to whether or not there'd be skin "cheeks" too

[runic heart]

Scale covered rictus in all dinosaurs is definitely most likely from what I can tell.

[queen oar]

Lips on Ornithischians.

[steep atlas]

this is basically what i picture for most ornithischians. notice how the skin doesn't web directly up to the horn layer of the beak

the skin/rictus appears to terminate roughly where the extent of the muscle terminates. but in stegosaurus and pachycephalosaurus, there is still a lot of mouth length after that point, whereas there's much less with ceratopsids and hadrosaurs

[little mauve]

Snapping turtles have a fairly pronounced fleshy rictus as well, terminating at the base of the beak

[steep atlas]

yes, though i would probably blame this on the turtles having an extremely extensive beak

i have always hated how jurassic park did it, basically a flesh tube right up to the tip of the snout. really ugly and weird, unnatural

[cerulean elbow]

We love the stego vacuum cleaner

[little mauve]

Very dinosaur renaissance, mammalian cheeks

[steep atlas]

i sure don't

[queen oar]

Hey Gbones, random fact, I thought your profile picture was Doctor Gregory House

[steep atlas]

wait it's not?

[cerulean elbow]

I thought it was Dr doofenzmirtz....

[little mauve]

No lol, it's from a comic called The Eternaut

[queen oar]

See, the G stands for " Gregory " so he is " Doctor Gregory Bones "

[paper parcel]

I love mammal dinosaurs

[zealous ravine]

Funny name animal

[queen oar]

Camptosaurus?

[paper parcel]

Nah https://share.google/QCG2t5KipdvTz6MgO dinosaurent

[zealous ravine]

Cumnoria

[queen oar]

Bri'ish Camptosaurus, I see

[queen oar]

How tall would it be close to Churchill?

[zealous ravine]

Sorta, it’s actually got some odd traits that differentiate it from Campto quite significantly

[balmy oyster]

I didn't realize it had this much material

[peak jetty]

I assume the quadropedal stance shown here is outdated, yeah?

[zealous ravine]

Not necessarily

[peak jetty]

Oh, I thought since it was previously lumped in with Camptosaurus it would have been an obligate biped

[zealous ravine]

It has some traits that make me think it was primarily quadropedal. (And if I’m being honest I think Camptosaurus was spending a good amount of time on all fours as well)

[peak jetty]

Oh cool

[zealous ravine]

It’s a really interesting topic when you look into it. Uteodon, another species formerly assigned to Campto, might even be an obligate quadruped

[peak jetty]

I've not heard of any of this, gonna see if I can find some reading on it. Facultative quadrupedality probably makes sense on paper but I wasn't aware that some smaller, jurassic ornithopods may have had specific traits that imply it.

[zealous ravine]

Maidment et al 2012 is a good starting point

[peak jetty]

At a cursory glance it's perfect, tysm

[zealous ravine]

They also have follow up studies in 2014 and 2017 if you wanna keep reading

[peak jetty]

I'll add them to the list

[paper parcel]

I love the morrison formations sauropod diversity

Also Jonkeria, the fact its the first megaherbivore is pretty impressive, it may not be the biggest but it was the first and still is bigger then alot of modern animals. Horses and tapirs for example

[queen oar]

oh yeah, I know. But in shape, it's basically a Camptosaurus

[balmy oyster]

Isn’t it omnivorous

[zealous ravine]

Not really. I think the differences will be more obvious once it’s finished but the arms are significantly longer, torso shorter, neck longer, and skull bigger

[sudden wind]

Stegosaurs weren't capable of chewing, just like a lot of lizards and sauropods so I don't see why they'd be cheeked.

[sudden wind]

Ankylosaurs can chew.

[undone rapids]

https://youtube.com/shorts/2W3aj8bcfc8?si=sZqoikFLBgJRouA7

[queen oar]

Whatever you say " Dilophosaurus sinensis "

[balmy oyster]

One’s a bobblehead and the other’s a pinhead

[queen oar]

Wouldn't say so. But I haven't tested myself.

[sudden wind]

Beak should probably only expand to the premaxilla and even the maxilla, as seen in birds and turtles.

[balmy oyster]

well there’s skeletals for the two that show this

[queen oar]

Give me a sec

[paper parcel]

Cool, megaomnivores are cool too.

[balmy oyster]

Anteosaurus mogs it

[misty scarab]

What’s the size range for parasaurolophus?

[paper parcel]

Anteosaurus was basically the first "tyrannosaur" lmao

[queen oar]

I mean, yeah, definetly. If it wasn't for the fact that most Dilophosaurus skull reconstructions are composite reconstructions including specimens of different sizes, which should definetly be factors to put into consideration. But, also I don't know anything about " Dilophosaurus " sinensis, so I can't comment much on that guy.

[balmy oyster]

I mean it’s one of the most well figured & described dinosaurs, and the two good skulls we have of it are both in good condition so I trust reconstructions around dilophosaurus

[outer tusk]

unironically both dilo and sinosaurus (both species) have some AMAZING skulls

[stiff osprey]

9.2-10.8 meters and 4.5-7 tonnes

[paper parcel]

Anteosaurus basically had a trex skull shape and the same crushing bite while not being related to tyrannosaurs at all.

[queen oar]

Oh no, I'm not saying that the material is bad. But given the size difference between those two specimens, there's concerns if that is reflecting sexual dimorphism or even ontogeny. Which ultimately, would make it doubtful to use the posterior material of the smaller specimen's skull, to reconstruct the posterior side of the larger specimen's skull.

[balmy oyster]

Dang, didn’t realize there could still be 7 tonners

[outer tusk]

though I be it seems unlikely for the sexual dimorphism part

[stiff osprey]

big tubicen is big

[balmy oyster]

Wait are we talking about sino? Cus dilo’s head size difference between its two good specimens is likely just ontogeny, but for sino I don’t trust the sino dimorphism argument unless it can be proven with several other specimens studied

[queen oar]

No, I was talking about Dilophosaurus wetherilli

[balmy oyster]

Then yeah, even still it’s pretty different to S. sinensis

[queen oar]

Should probably revisit Dilophosaurus a 4th time, if necessary. I just wouldn't have the collection photos

[balmy oyster]

I’d argue there are other species that could use a revisit more than dilophosaurus honestly

[queen oar]

depends. There's a different theropod material from China, similar Jurassic geologic period as these crested theropods, that looks like Dilophosaurus and Sinosaurus, but isn't neither of them and the figures are... Stinky

[queen oar]

But what would you like to suggest?

[paper parcel]

Dumb question but what would be the most dangerous sea or land creature in the permian if you visited it

[balmy oyster]

Dan folkes has said it is sinosaurus

[queen oar]

Of course he did.

[balmy oyster]

It is also a 1:1 match with sinosaurus so I’m inclined to believe him

[delicate salmon]

@elfin pulsar
All dinosaurs lay eggs because none of their living relatives gave birth and there's been no fossil evidence that any of them gave birth to live young.

[queen oar]

Utter fool he is then. Cuz that same figure, is based on this skull:

See what I mean that the figures are " Stinky " ? Not really much that can be worked with this.

[balmy oyster]

The skull is really curved sure, but that doesn’t change how some elements are still 1:1 to sino and it can still be restored

[balmy oyster]

Same level of study on something like fragilis or jimmy specimens would be monumental, and would cull researcher’s need to justify overlumping them.

[queen oar]

it's not 1:1, cuz the same material is heavily distorted from what would it potentially look like in life, so that statement itself is pretty idiotic, since it entirely relies on the condition that the material would look like Sinosaurus, which is not something that can be confirmed manually or practically... Maybe with scans, but I wouldn't have so much hope.

[balmy oyster]

It’s arguably not THAT heavily. It looks like a banana but otherwise it doesn’t look taphonomically shifted as something to bistah or the nano type, and with proper adjustments can be made to a similar (if not the same) length in good restoration

Regardless it would be nice for it to get looked at again though. Would be good to remove the banana condition from it

[tough parcel]

Looks like Yutyrannus..interesting.

[queen oar]

Definetly not, but cuz the snout itself is in different angle, utilizing the lateral view to argue that it looks like sinosaurus, without considering aspects such as the degree the bones are angled, it can only cause a very faulty perspective of how the material looked like in life, not considering those factors, it's how you end up with reconstructions with " Sue Syndrome "

[queen oar]

Considering they showcased the fossil like this, it is fair to assume that it is so heavily compressed together, that the bones cannot be extracted without potential damage to the entire fossil, which is why I suggested that maybe it's possible to determine how unique or not it is, via the usage of Scans. But given how there are multiple crushed specimens from China who have not been granted such luxury... I wouldn't be so hopeful.

[queen oar]

Oh yeah, that would be cool. But by revisiting Dilophosaurus, I mean myself revisiting and maybe do another skull or two skull reconstructions again ( Would be a downgrade if I didn't include a individual skull reconstruction for UCMP 37302 again )

But yeah, definetly. But we know why that's never gonna happen, if you touch Allosaurus, you gonna have to address Stegosaurus, Triceratops, Tyrannosaurus, etc. And there aren't many researchers available to do that, if there are they would believe that would be too much of a headache for them, or straight up don't wanna do it.

[outer tusk]

hatchling yutyrannus TRUST

[runic heart]

Ok weird question, how do we know for sure that dinosaurs didn’t close their mouths to the point of teeth overlapping the lower jaw, when we have fossils of this being the case? Unless those are just crushed.

[queen oar]

Qianzhousaurus also has pathologies on it's palatine bone, seemingly caused by it's own teeth from the lower jaw.

[charred hearth]

https://x.com/Coolio_Art/status/2051289846476308723

CoolioArt (3D Commissions OPEN!) (@Coolio_Art)

I feel like one big issue with modern dinosaur films is lacking an interesting premise.
Like a cloned dinosaur theme park gone wrong is such a fun and interesting idea for a movie. Anything involving humans/dinosaurs crossing paths is pretty hard to come up with imo.

X · May 4, 2026, 1:16 PM

[runic heart]

So skulls closing all the way is a fossilization thing that breaks the skull.

[charred hearth]

@coral forge https://x.com/ttorroo/status/2051238342755586087/photo/1 how accurate is this sizing?

Torosaurus | commission open (@ttorroo)

throwback Hadrosaurid comparison size (2023)

X · May 4, 2026, 9:51 AM

[queen oar]

It's a likely interpretation. Realistically, I've never heard or seen those skulls being open to confirm that suspicion. However, a likely reason this was never done, if correct that they are likely caused due to other factors during fossilization, then those mandibles cannot be removed or extracted without further damaging the entire skull.

[thorn grove]

not great

also ouranosaurus even being on there is inaccurate

[charred hearth]

i was questioning why edmonto seemed larger then shant

[balmy oyster]

I was about to point that out. Even account for becky’s giant shantungo is still larger.

It’s a funny sizechart because it’s almost all lambeosaurs and the two saurolophines aren’t scaled properly and there’s a non-hadrosaurid dinosaur there

[thorn grove]

ngl even outside of x-rex/becky's giant edmonto is kind of just systematically oversized

every single museum and like science communication thing says it's 12-13 meters even tho that's still well above its average size and there's maybe like 2 specimens that scale to that size

also for some reason regalis gets scaled to 12+ meters even tho that estimate is like 100 years old

it's almost always described as the largest or at least one of the largest hadrosaurs when it's like 1-2 meters longer than most Lambeosaurines

[balmy oyster]

The average annectens specimen is still rather large at about a 6 ton estimate but trying to argue for it regularly being a 14 ton animal when its upper end for a few large specimens is ~9 is sort of silly

[queen oar]

Edmontosaurus has insecurities about it's size 😔

[light osprey]

How did bro get Secernosaurus larger than Ouranosaurus

[ionic linden]

isnt ouranosaurus pretty large?

[thorn grove]

it depends on the bone bed

average late adult from the RMDQ bonebed is only about 4 tons or so

6 tons could be plausible for late adults from Hanson Ranch if you just assume it's a mix of late and early adults + some subadults but there's not really histological work there so that's uncertain and the overall average is closer to 5 tons

I'm also just like 99% sure x-rex and becky's giant aren't even edmonto at this point so you can't even argue for rare huge specimens

Hanson Ranch specimens are a bit on the big side for Hadrosaurs, but tbh RMDQ material could easily work for most other Hadrosaurs, which is kind of what I'm getting at cuz Edmonto really isn't even that above average, let alone one of the biggest

[queen oar]

kinda. It's Larger than a Styracosaurus, funnily enough.

[ionic linden]

ah

[balmy oyster]

It’s also entirely possible the separate bonebeds could be entirely different species but we can’t justify this because this would imply we have a good holotype description…let alone a full on description to begin with.

[little mauve]

RMDQ and Hanson overall seem very similar, so the difference in average masses is intriguing. Could definitely be different species, could also maybe represent some resource dependent size plasticity in differing populations

The previous discussion on the bonebeds got me to reading relevant papers and the hypothesis that edmontosaurus was seasonally age segregated seems fairly strong. Adult dominant herds appear to be associated with the winter/low productivity season which is interesting and evidently when these catastrophic incidents tended to occur

[mint spindle]

Case #9862 @olive imp has been warned.
Reason: Invite link.

[patent mist]

What specifically is convincing you x rex is not an edmont? Afaik its never been sugested to be annother taxon in literature.

[queen oar]

Observation using the most reliable tool of human history... The Eyeball Mk. 1

[patent mist]

Looks like a standard edmont tail to me?

On the size discrepancy thing: saurolophines have exhibited massive ranges in adult sizes. These sizes are from the "maiasaura is a model organism" ontogeny paper https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/296055606740123662/1482668399116161068/image.png?ex=69c5a1cc&is=69c4504c&hm=4628c3de457a460d7ab00f82b72b251745336de9044028a29174823b3ddd9574&

[hallow spear]

Sexually mature does not quantify as an "adult" though

[patent mist]

How many of the edmonts are skeletally mature?

[hallow spear]

🤷

[outer tusk]

WAIT IS THAT THE REAL PALEOP

[queen oar]

Alternatively, if we have any data on the teeth, we can compare it to crocodiles to determine the correct age. Since that is an comparable thing between Crocodiles and Hadrosaurs, you can use their teeth to determine how old they are.

[patent mist]

Fair point, although i still disagree with calling the average edmont full grown in that case.

[kindred night]

No it's the homunculus I made to immitate them

[hallow spear]

I mean, im pretty sure the averages estimated by table all have an EFS present which was like4-6t

[queen oar]

So Fullmetal Alchemist

[patent mist]

Fair enough

[runic heart]

Asked this earlier, idk if anyone can answer it now, but what’s the general consensus on theropod jaw closure? I’ve seen that it’s impossible for them to close their mouths all the way without the skull breaking, but at the same time we have theropod skulls with the upper jaw teeth overlapping the lower jaw.

[sullen cairn]

there are legit some really small skeletally mature maisaura from the bonebed

ie 75cm tibia with 3 Lags in its EFS whereas the largest is about 1m

[sullen cairn]

also that yeah

[thorn grove]

I am a freakin genius

[sullen cairn]

evidence of something stupid probably

[thorn grove]

I noticed X-Rex appears to have rather tall neural spines as they approach the sacrum which afaik is inconsistent with most other Edmonto tails

the bigger point is that hadrosaur tails arent super diagnostic to begin with afaik and since becky's giant has been suggested to have potential saurolophin affinities rather than edmontosaurin, it's a deduction on whether the only other giant hadrosaur element belongs to the other hadrosaur that's already a similar size or the one that isnt

[queen oar]

Montanolophus doogmensis/Saurolophus longiceps moment.

[sullen cairn]

regalis and annectens did used to have a few postcranial characters distinguishing the two from prieto-marquez's thesis but shockingly they all ended up kinda sucking

[little mauve]

Notable that our best evidence for a true multigenerational herd is a trackway and not a catastrophic death assemblage

[sullen cairn]

like a couple of them ended up having both states present in the same annectens bonebed, another two were actually present in both because one of prieto-marquez' "annectens" was reassigned to regalis, another did seem to divide the two but was generally inconsistent within multiple other species, and the only one that wasnt dead on arrival was some random coracoid character

[paper parcel]

How would the morrison formation play in Path of Titans if the roster was only made out of dinos from the morrison or jurassic sea dinos

[sullen cairn]

whatever. go my 32(?) suddenly dubious hadrosaurs

[queen oar]

Close enough, welcome back... Trachodon.

[charred hearth]

randomthingy vs randomdinos who wins

[stiff seal]

any big dino lovers know any dinos that look like what i just made lol, i just went with the flow on this sketch XD

[stiff seal]

trust i win

[paper parcel]

moschops

[queen oar]

@little mauve I have a video for you

[stiff seal]

umm i dont know bout this lollll

[paper parcel]

Its a ancestor of mammals making it closer to cows, people, elephants and whales, they lived during the permian and were in a group of synapsids called the Dinocephalians

[little mauve]

?

[queen oar]

https://youtu.be/0ZYhyewNQMo?si=Va9jYvuWnU4qE-5Y

[stiff seal]

no i meant i didnt really see the resemblance XD

[paper parcel]

Headshape

[little mauve]

Interesting, thanks

[stiff seal]

slightly

[balmy oyster]

80% would be sauropods

[charred hearth]

the hell creek dinosaurs gathering to listen to a dropout soundcloud rapper who has 5 followers and lives in his car:

[paper parcel]

I mean, You don't have to add all the sauropods you could just add 1 or 2 for each size range, plus it would be fun af seeing the carns have to use their brain. The jurassic is very underrated

[charred hearth]

" this jurassic is very underrated " why are we lying

[balmy oyster]

The jurassic is NOT underrated

But yea would be fun to see how many sauropods a roster could justify before it implodes

[paper parcel]

Alot of the morrison/jurassic theropods were basically dedicated bleeders so it would be fair plus theres also alot of non sauropods since funnily enough, iguanodons appeared late jurassic, and stegosaurs/ornithopods, and the tiny ceratopsians also exist.

[charred hearth]

what isnt a bleeder, everything makes you bleed

[balmy oyster]

Iguanadonts appeared in the early cret, same with ceratopsians
Ankylosauroids were around for a while though

[paper parcel]

Proceratosaurus was the first tyrannosaur so it would do bonebreak plus, ankys also existed during the jurassic.

[balmy oyster]

Weird justification for crushing but alr

[charred hearth]

do you ever see artwork that obvious is just hate art of a certain prehestoric creautre but you must keep silent to not get jumped

[balmy oyster]

Some edmontosaurus artwork

Yes jimmy, the prey item will go hunt down and kill its predator for the sake of it.

[paper parcel]

I swear it was bigger the last time I checked, torvosaurus could also have bonebreak since having megalosaurus and torvosaurus do the same thing would be boring, even if torvosaurus irl isn't a tyrannosaur

[balmy oyster]

I mean you don’t need to be a tyrannosaur to justify a crush ability

[paper parcel]

I thought it was a tyrannosaur the first time I saw it lol, just a really early one

[balmy oyster]

I mean a basal one sure, but everyone knows tyrannosaurs have small arms

A torvo-like tyrannosaur would be awesome though

[paper parcel]

And torvosaurus is more related to spinosaurus then anything too lol, tyrannosaurs are closer to birds then allosaurs or carcharodontids

[balmy oyster]

Coelurosaurs took over the world

[runic heart]

Could a bird technically be considered a coelurosaur, or is that going too far?

[balmy oyster]

You can’t escape a clade. This is why every vertebrate animal is a fish.

[runic heart]

Welp

[queen oar]

I mean, it's that thing, are you a fish phylogenetically or are you a " Literal Fish " ?

[paper parcel]

Bro I love tyrannosaurs. The "tyrannosaur":. They even have similar teeth

Im kinda sad sauropods somehow didn't survive to the cenozoic, like why must the kto take the greatest of creatures.(last image is lusotitan)

[thorn grove]

i mean as much as it sucks the largest land animals ever are kind of the last thing id picture surviving a mass extinction

[stiff seal]

well uhh there was no food to possibly let them survive XD

[paper parcel]

I hope they invent time machines so we can bring these guys back

[balmy oyster]

Well if anything that was not a bird or crocodile immediately ceased to exist I doubt something 4x the size of an elephant could fare better

[stiff seal]

yeah lol or smol mamals

[balmy oyster]

Or frogs. Apparently they were barely affected

[paper parcel]

Ngl I wonder what the cenozoic would look like if the non avian dinosaurs survived, like ice age dinos

[outer tusk]

what they already are

[stiff seal]

picture naquasaurus i think i bucherd that spelling btw

[balmy oyster]

A few raptors, some elasmarians, and a stegosaur. Yes. A stegosaur.

[outer tusk]

nanqusaurus is def not making it

[stiff seal]

at least we have avian dinos XD

[stiff seal]

trust with the power of friendship

[runic heart]

Nanuqsaurus was probably bald as hell

[light osprey]

And no stegosaurs. yes, no stegosaurs

[balmy oyster]

You would be surprised….

[stiff seal]

possibly but i wanna believe in my feathered dinos

[light osprey]

They are living on fumes by the Coniacian

[balmy oyster]

Ima be so fr nanuqsaurus probably just looked like a daspletosaurus/lythronax grade thing

[outer tusk]

indeed

[paper parcel]

Behold

[runic heart]

Good thing I love all three

[stiff seal]

that thing on the bottom left looks like hatz became a horse

[outer tusk]

or just looks like a random pterosaur that became a flightless pterosaur

[stiff seal]

the hatz horse and anky sheep look peak

[paper parcel]

And this is what evolves instead of people

[stiff seal]

ah so we are now just raptors

[light osprey]

Maybe?

[stiff seal]

what could have been..

[paper parcel]

Crows today are really smart, even compared to chimps, if mammals never got their chance and probably went extinct since the kto never happened, I imagine a theropod like them or another raptor would evolve intelligence

[stiff seal]

yeah ik but ur pushing it XD

[paper parcel]

mammals suck tbh, I wish they went extinct instead of being one right now

[stiff seal]

bro just dissed the whole human race and every other mamal on the planet

[stiff seal]

idk we got bears and giant apes big cats and cool pups

[stiff seal]

are they as amazing as dinos, no but at least we have them XD

cool allo depiction, i dont know who made this but it looks amazing

[paper parcel]

Its so cute

[stiff seal]

tiger allo looks adorable lolzz

[balmy oyster]

Erm this is yuty/sino

[runic heart]

Though, isn’t Campanian glaciation a thing?

[rich vessel]

Ain’t this a yuty?

[stiff seal]

nope its a allo depiction i found

[balmy oyster]

This isn’t allo.

[rich vessel]

Yeah it can’t be allo

[queen oar]

Me when ragebait used to be believable.

[charred hearth]

explain your answer

[balmy oyster]

Well I fell for it. This is what I get for using the internet less.

[stiff seal]

thats what the original description said, plus the skull and crest add up decently to a allosaur

[charred hearth]

thoughts? https://x.com/ausar_the/status/2051169247368286452

Ausarchosaur (@ausar_the)

A fun little comic I commissioned @astrapionte for. Many thanks to him for illustrating this concept I thought up!

X · May 4, 2026, 5:17 AM

[balmy oyster]

Folk?

[stiff seal]

nvm i guess XD the one i saw said allosaur loll mb

[rich vessel]

I have a lego tiger that I would love to turn into this but I don’t know how I would

[balmy oyster]

Ur good lol

You can tell if its yuty or not by the nasal ridge it has (and if it’s fully feathered usually) on its nasal

[queen oar]

Well, here's something more entertaining: I believe Folkes responded to someone, that Siats could still be a sister taxa to Neovenator, even though the last paper that remotely discuss phylogenetic placement, finds Siats having more diagnostic similarities to Aerosteon, which the paper discuss it as it somehow meaning that Megaraptors are Neovenatorids, even though that just means Siats is a Megaraptor.

[stiff seal]

alr lol, im not a huge dino identification pro XD

[balmy oyster]

Ehhh I don’t buy it. Megaraptoran similarities are superficial at best, and if it were to be megaraptoran-adjascent then it would compare with baharia-grade material better (which frankly nobody has tried doing yet)

[stiff seal]

speaking of allo depictions tho, wow this looks so good

[queen oar]

almost like Baharia is definetly not a Megaraptor. HEAVY BERTHASAUR FOR THE WIN!!

[balmy oyster]

https://tenor.com/view/how-do-we-tell-him-mr-krabs-spongebob-meme-spongebob-meme-gif-24063814

[stiff seal]

i like when the artist take alot of creative liberty in there depictions

[queen oar]

never being convinced unfortunately.

[balmy oyster]

There’s a good blog that talks about the recent baharia identification as a noasaur, and how cau basically just fanfic’d a random specimen to justify not only noasaur baharia but it being synonymous with delta (technically the opposite, delta becomes baharia I think? Still bizarre) and it ignores most of the material.

It goes over how flawed the noasaur assessment is, and proves that bahariasaurus at the very least is anything BUT a noasaur.

Siats could still be some weird stem-megaraptora but baharia being noasaur is no bueno

[charred hearth]

what would've happened to paleontology if the great american bonewars never happened?

[queen oar]

See Delta I think it's just a Ornithomimosaur, and the GOAT ( Beagliam ) has already showed how possible that interpretation was, actually, I was suspecting that even before he posted his Delta

But Bahariasaurus does not look a Megaraptor, it does not even fit among Coelurosaurs and Carnosaurs, regardless of how doubtful Cau's own words are ( Which are, doubtful, 100% of the time, but a Broken Clock can be right once, I guess )

I've imagined before that it could be a Deinocheirid, but the features are more convergent rather than Ornithimimosaur-in-origin. It looks more close to what we have on Ceratosaurs, effectively meaning it's either a Elaphrosaurinae, but given the time period and convergent features, it's probably a Berthasaurid.

[balmy oyster]

If you would look at the blog, not only does baharia’s vertebrae do look basal megaraptoran like, but it also looks NOTHING like noasaurid vertebrae.

Everyone being wrong and it being a giant ornithomimosaur would be funny and support the near 1m long ornitho ulna from the bayanshiree so I may support this.

This blog goes over everything as to why baharia can’t be a noasaur, it has everything I could ever say about this topic but better. It can’t be a noasaur because that would make no sense.

[light osprey]

Nanuqsaurus has nothing to do with it

[balmy oyster]

Nanuqsaurus started it so it could justify cosplying as yutyrannus

[queen oar]

I thought the same thing, but it does not mean anything. Baharia's vertebrae look similar to a ton of other theropod groups, making such argument ineffective, since really, to isolate it to one group, you would need to do a lot of cherrypicking, believe me when I say this, I've had interest on Bahariasaurus, and a lot of these arguments are not effective as they seem to be

It has such generalized traits, that it would need to be a basal branch among Theropods, Coelurosaurs and Carnosaurs wouldn't be fitting for it.

[hallow spear]

I was gonna say something then I realised who cares about Bahariasaurus, because it’s not me

[balmy oyster]

3 people out of 8 billion

[queen oar]

Neotheropods is not going to work for Bahariasaurus given time period, Ceratosaurs is going to work better.

[balmy oyster]

Doesn’t this blog also have a phylogenetical coding that goes against your claim even more?

Also an animal so generalized it looks nothing like the clade it’s been pushed to be in for decades.

If you want to believe it is a giant noasaur then do so, but everything we know about it goes against it being a noasaur. There is even an entire matrix and phylogenetic comparisons proving this, but if you claim to be more knowledgeable than the person who’s done all this then I suggest discussing with them about why they’re wrong.

[queen oar]

As if Megaraptor Bahariasaurus wasn't tried multiple times in history, with similarly doubtful results. But, whatever you say.

[balmy oyster]

• similarly doubtful results
• posts blog proving it works
• ignores it and says “I know better”
• ???
• argument won

[queen oar]

Tell me this, why it works?

[balmy oyster]

The blog explains it…literally everything there is explained.

[charred hearth]

brick wall vs car

[queen oar]

I want to hear it from you, as a reader from that blog. Why it works?

[balmy oyster]

About how none of the material aside from a single pubis with superficial similarities is like that of noasaur grade dinosaurs, with good analysis on known material and matrix coding provided.

But you seem to understand the material than this person, so I do wonder what conclusion you came up with to prove it’s a noasaur that’s within similar level to what the blogposter has done?

Go read the blog it’s pretty well made, if you still disagree then honestly that’s fine. This IS decades old bombed nonexistant material that could’ve even ended up being a sauropod for all we know.

[queen oar]

See, if something works or is elaborated in a way that does work for you as a reader. It's expected that at least in some way you are able to pass that information, maybe not word by word, but in a way that knowledge is passed down to more people. If you can't do that, there are multiple alternatives: You didn't read the blog, you forgor, the blog fails on elaborating it or it's just straight up wrong. What alternative interpretation do you think I should take here?

[charred hearth]

is bahirasaurus really this serious

[queen oar]

Apparently, it is.

[little mauve]

The presence of sacral pleurocels and caudal pneumatization is one good point the blog makes, both together are only present in megaraptorans. I personally haven't thought much about Bahariasaurus before but the blog is pretty strongly argued. It's an interesting idea at least, these massive basal megaraptorans possibly kicking around.

[sage lantern]

if i just kiss all of you good night will we be friends

[glossy lagoon]

You’ll have to excuse him, it’s Z-boomers alt

[restive crag]

Mega Baha

[lavish frigate]

Shoutout to all those little guys and gals who stand beside dinosaurs in these images so we can know how big they are, doing a public service

[restive crag]

That’s me✋

[stiff seal]

yeah fr

[queen oar]

@restive crag show the snake skeletal.

[stiff seal]

what is this thing

[restive crag]

Palaeophis colossaeus a large extinct marine snake

[stiff seal]

i gotta study this thing ive never heard of this fella

[queen oar]

@restive crag you doing Nanotyrannus?

[coral forge]

there is an impostor

Looks fine though. Tsintaosaurus and Shantungosaurus could probably be bigger and Secernosaurus smaller, but that's about it

[waxen jewel]

I’m really upset that brontoraptor is a nomen nudum because it’s a pretty sick name ngl

[queen oar]

Huh, that was Torvosaurus?

[waxen jewel]

Apparently

I just wish it could actually be used for something instead of being wasted

[paper parcel]

Imagine if they named a tyrannosaur brontoraptor

[waxen jewel]

Also unrelated question but how is jimmadseni supposed to be pronounced

[paper parcel]

Ji maad sen e trust

[queen oar]

" Jim Madsen-eye " from what I'm getting.

[waxen jewel]

Weird

Also who’s the GOAT a. jimmadseni or a. fragilis (there is a correct answer)

[queen oar]

A. jimmadseni, if I had to guess.

[waxen jewel]

Incorrect (I am not biased at all)

[queen oar]

Fair enough. I was gonna say, technically A. jimmadseni material was the one mostly used in most paleomedia appearances of Allosaurus, so A. fragilis would've been weird. But then again, most of those appearances were intending to be A. fragilis

[waxen jewel]

Yeah lots of those were before A. jimmadseni was actually known weren’t they?

[queen oar]

Pretty much. I can't recall any doubts towards the classification of those specimens back then, so yeah, it was definetly before A. jimmadseni was considered

[waxen jewel]

Also my definitely nonexistent bias comes from the fact that A. fragilis is the official fossil of my home state

[queen oar]

Valid reason.

[waxen jewel]

Like the one example of any state pride present in my psyche lmao

Other than the landscapes I guess because it do be pretty gorgeous here

[queen oar]

tbf, the only dinosaurs here, I don't like a whole lot. Not a Pterosaur person either, but Tapejarinis are pretty cool

[coral forge]

It comes from the name Jim Madsen, so logically it should be Jim Madseni, but any pronunciation other than Jih-Mud-Senny just sounds wrong

[waxen jewel]

That’s how I had been pronouncing it until I heard someone else say it and doubted myself so now I feel slightly vindicated lol

[waxen jewel]

Yeah the Morrison kinda hogs a lot of the bangers doesn’t it

[queen oar]

For me it's a bit subjective, as none of my favorite animals come from the Morrison, unfortunately

[waxen jewel]

Fair enough, but it is where a lot of the most famous ones come from

Same with Hell Creek formation

[queen oar]

Kinda the only taxa that I have some sorta of attachment to, due to reading too much into Bone Wars literature. It's Camarasaurus and Epanterias, and Epanterias has seen " Better days "

[queen oar]

with Hell Creek, I do like Torosaurus a lot.

[waxen jewel]

Last I heard torosaurus was a synonym of triceratops, has that been disproven? I haven’t kept up with that situation since the initial debacle

[queen oar]

Let's say that, firstly, the author of that hypothesis has been kicked out of all scientific spaces, due to the recent release of some files

Secondly, yeah

[waxen jewel]

Oh…

that guy… 😬

[scenic flame]

it was never proven in the first place, we have juveniles of both

[runic rover]

It was one of Horner's goofery.

Just like Nanotyrannus.

[queen oar]

Hey Arc

[runic rover]

Oi, how's?

[queen oar]

What do you think of Utahraptor?

[runic rover]

Not a fan, I like Achillo more (thanks to BOTM).

[queen oar]

Well, then you aren't going to be affected by what I'm doing to it.

[runic rover]

Tbh whatever you're going to do to it will definitively be an improvement to the otherwise infinitely boring depictions we had of it, you may even make me like it more.

[queen oar]

Are you by any chance a Sibling of mine from another life or some sh#t like that? Lmfao

[runic rover]

Idk maybe lmao

[queen oar]

Mf has the same opinion on Sauropod and Carnosaur facial soft tissue potential being wasted, and Dromaeosaur depictions being the same flavour

[waxen jewel]

How dare!

[dense spindle]

credits to yoofilos for the skull placeholder.

[peak jetty]

Unenlagiine supremacy

[sudden wind]

1st, Orcas usually are not solo.

2nd, they don't hunt by biting but by ramming and drowning large marine mammals and sharks so no reasons to think they'd go and bite stuffs

Overall, this comic ignores orca behaviors to favor the mosasaur.

[outer tusk]

~~tbf there's like 2 formable ecotypes that are hunting sharks actively ~~

[slow trench]

Amazing theoretical fight:

Who do you think would come out on top, a large jaguar or an average sized deinonychus?

I know deinon is a bit larger but their weight ranges are pretty similar

[runic rover]

Aye, too much drama for something like that

Tbh I agree, I love troodontids, however that won't be much to call it troodontids soon if we keep on going like this.

[turbid smelt]

It depends on who initiates and how. If the jaguar drives its skull into the center of mass, it can muscle the deinonychus off its feet and get the skull bite gg game over. But if the deinon gets even one kick landed into the jaguar's abdomen or flanks, that's a potentially fight ending wound regardless of who "should" win on paper.

[slow trench]

You know it's interesting, some paleontologists reconstructed deinonychus legs accurate to their fossils to test how powerful their kicks were and found that they weren't necessarily strong to the extent of disembowling in a single blow. They certainly cut deep, but I do feel that it wouldn't necessarily be game over for the jaguar unless the kick hit a vital point

Honestly I'd say they're evenly matched, the claws of Jaguars are no joke either, and they're specialized for inflicting damage because they're kept sharp, meanwhile only one claw on deinon would likely have similar sharpness while the others would be comparatively more worn down

[turbid smelt]

Even then it's still in the jaguars favor bc cats are terrifyingly quick when they want to be, it's going to get outgrappled and dropped lel

[slow trench]

Yeah big cats are absolutely potent predators

Though I will say a deinon would likely be able to outstam a jaguar, givem the latter is built for short bursts of high energy

Even if the deinon pinned a jaguar on its back, the jaguar would still be able to kick out with its legs and claws the hell out of the deinon's stomach

[turbid smelt]

Eh I mean the jaguar's claws aren't really what makes it "scary" they're still lethal yes, but I'd argue their muscle and bite is more lethal, jaguars have insanely developed masseter and temporalis muscles that wrap around a shortened skull anchored by a pronounced sagittal crest their whole architecture is an evolutionary system optimized for entirely biting shtick

[slow trench]

Oh yeah, their bite is the most potent weapon, but their claws are their most versatile one

[slow trench]

The Persian cat skull hurts my soul

[turbid smelt]

Yh fs even add more stuff they very much prefer big prey so ye I'm betting on the jaguar

[turbid smelt]

😭 He's trying his best

[slow trench]

Valid, valid

Honestly while Jaguars would be knocked down the food chain i bet they could survive decently back then just because of how good they are in their niche

[turbid smelt]

Yep if anything jaguars really are one of the most adaptable big cats alive today

[restive crag]

Yer

[sudden wind]

The offshore of north east pacific, the population in south Africa does too, so does the Crozet island killer whales in the Indian ocean as well as the one swimming around the galapagos, the Caribbean and Australia. But as you mention these preys do not make the bulk of their diet and are more like generalists minus for the 2 firsts. Other population close to Brazil coasts also hunt elasmobranchs such as giant Mantas

[sudden wind]

Them and leopards and mountain lions.

[paper parcel]

Mountain lions aren't lions and are felids

[mental cloak]

Do megaraptors could pronate their wrists?

[runic heart]

I meant like could it have gotten cold enough for it to benefit from feathering, or was gigantothermy enough?

[true juniper]

Whats the difference between achillo and utah that makes you like one so much more than the other

[wintry sluice]

They had much more flexible front limbs than other theropods but iirc true pronation was still out of their range of motion

[mental cloak]

Oh i see

[wintry sluice]

Theres a nice paper on the RoM of specifically Australovenator, it should be freely accessible!

[mental cloak]

I might take a look yes
Thx

[runic rover]

Tbh this is a more "factionary" preference, as the entire of my favoritism toward Achillo is how Utah is usually portrayed and how Achillo is. For example, BOTM has a vulture-headed Achillobator, which made it stand out and make it interesting.

Aside from that, I tend to also like "asian versions" of dinosaurs.

PoT came after my original interest, and while I think the design is BORING AF, I like how it was meant to be played in concept, not realistic of course but still very amusing.

[true juniper]

I like pot achillo except the gross eyes

[sudden wind]

Mountain lion, cougar, puma, catamount: all the same animal. It's just a familiar name

[sudden wind]

They could but it was actually quite limited and not like what we or some other mammals are capable of. It is more than what Allosaurus or T.rex was capable of but still similar to what Dilophosaurus and Bambiraptor were capable of.

[icy lagoon]

did shant finally get described???

[turbid smelt]

As the other people said not in the mammalian sense, but they had a wrist/forearm mobility that allowed some (inward) hand adjustment or “semi-pronation” during flexion more than in most other theropods

[turbid smelt]

Paleontology would prob have developed more slowly in NA, less dinosaur discoveries, and a more methodical (but less explosive) growth of the field overall though it probably would have caught up to a similar state by the mid 20th century

[mental cloak]

Yeah that was my hypotesis for how their arms could move

[sweet wagon]

This is not really paleontology but does anyone know if the shonisaurus mod is good(strength and health wise) I was ignored on the other chat

[turbid smelt]

I dont play this game, im here for the paleo stuff, however guessing how that is a mod, isnt it better to ask in the modding channel? Maybe someone with knowledge can help you

[sweet wagon]

Okk

[woeful haven]

purussaurs vs tyrannosaurs rex, fight happens near water with puru lurking the rex, based on pure paleontology and reality (yes, i’m aware they didn’t live during the same time period) without bias who is winning this

[undone rapids]

Theres no real point for rex to go near it and vice versa. If there's a body then they probably try to pull it to their respective side but puru can't walk probablyso it's not gonna try too much

[stiff osprey]

if Purus ambushes rex from the water and manages to grab onto a leg it could kill it, on land it probably isn't going to try it

[queen oar]

@thorn grove

[thorn grove]

I think this is just a new skeletal

[runic heart]

Ah

[turbid smelt]

Puru should hypothetically win especially given the scenario

[queen oar]

Me when Purussaurus dislocates the Tyrannosaurus' leg.

[outer tusk]

I love that rex

[runic heart]

Me too

[willow bolt]

rex will have puru in its mouth the moment puru gets a chance to bite its leg

[full lagoon]

Honestly it seems like it could go both ways but there's going to obviously be a huge bias towards purru near water

[woeful haven]

real life doesn’t work like films. that bite from puru will probably fracture and cripple the rex immediately. there’s no chance a rex is going to just ‘bite back’ and that’s as if the puru doesn’t do a death roll when that first bite connects

its just a lose situation for a rex regardless

[full lagoon]

On dry, flat land the tyrannosaurus's height and agility could probably turn the tide though, but that seems more like an instance of catching the purru off guard basking or smth

[ashen wedge]

It was a large hardrosaur. Boom described!

[charred hearth]

@thorn grove this reminded me of you ❤️

[queen oar]

Tyrannosaurus, the moment the fight gets too serious:

[full lagoon]

Lmao

Also, wouldn't the face be another pretty likely spot for purru to attack in ambush?

[wind prairie]

why does his neck look like that

[tough parcel]

Angry

[queen oar]

I mean idk, from what I remember a lot of pathologies on some of the prey items ( that we have evidence ) are mostly from the legs? I am having a feeling that there was evidence of pathologies on the neck of some animal...

[light osprey]

Didn’t know we had a Hell creek Purussaurus

[elfin pulsar]

I genuinely cant unsee it as them just nuzzling and not fighting now

[charred hearth]

ava question but in a race instead of a fight

would a Ornithomimus be able to outrun a cheetah?

cheetah starts 300m away and will begin pursuing at 108 km/hr.

the ornithomimus immediately starts running at the maxium speed it has , which i have no clue what that is

is it fast enough to get away?

[stiff osprey]

I was extrapolating its behavior from its relative the hell creek deinosuchus

[runic heart]

What is actually the largest crocodile material found in hell creek, or near it?

[charred hearth]

does the cheetah get a nice meal or does the ornitho live to see another day

[turbid smelt]

can confirm one existed, seen one of the natgeo filmers try to record a rare interaction

[turbid smelt]

cheetahs can only maintain top speed for roughly 400–500 m (slightly generous) upper estimate before they overheat, so at 108 km/h chasing an ornithomimus running ~65 km/h (example estimate), the distance closing speed is only about 12 m/s. Taking account 300m head start takes the cheetah over 750 meters of sprinting which is well past its stamina limit. Prob will get away

[charred hearth]

can you break that math down in simpler terms? im confused..

[turbid smelt]

Cheetah: 108 km/h = 30 m/s
108 × (1000/3600) = 30

Ornitho
65 × (5/18) ≈ 18.06 m/s

Distance to close in:
30 - 18.06 ≈ 11.94 m/s ≈ 12 m/s

Time to close 300 m gap
300 / 12 ≈ 25 seconds

Cheetah distance sprinted
30 × 25 = 750 meters

[charred hearth]

oooh okay, ty

[tough parcel]

Are we sure the cheetah would be overheated

[charred hearth]

dont cheetahs tire out quite fast? or is that just a misconception

[turbid smelt]

They do, not a misconception

[tough parcel]

I am sure it was a matter of energy, not that they overheat

[tulip gyro]

Borealosuchus sternbergii is the largest crocodylomorph found in heel creek? im not sure. havent been up to date on this

[turbid smelt]

double checked you're right, seems this is debunked good to know

[charred hearth]

i wonder, who would be the 3 fastest land animals in PoT?

[tough parcel]

Yea, I've no clue when it was re-evaluated but I wanna say it was fairly recent so I'm not surprised it hasn't spread very far

Especially considering stuff surrounding cheetahs isn't as widespread as the late 2000s

[charred hearth]

struthi's first

but whos 2 and 3? laten and deinon?

[outer tusk]

Thoracosaurus:

[turbid smelt]

Quite a bit go lmao

[tough parcel]

https://tenor.com/view/spider-man-green-goblin-willem-dafoe-oh-oh-no-gif-26756247

[tulip gyro]

oh yeah, forgot about this one, is there any good overview of all the crocodyloforms of hell creek?

[outer tusk]

like 6 if also counting lance and frenchman

[charred hearth]

do you have the alt version of this image?

[charred hearth]

ty

how valid is nedo btw? not at all? or yes kinda?

[runic heart]

How can we infer those big scales on the tail when they look like imprints of vertebra spines on the inside of the tail print?

Same with those little “scales” on the underside of the tail

Oh wait they’re prints from the sides of the tail, not the top and bottom. Sorry, took me a minute to figure that out.

Just had to look at concavenator and juravenator real quick.

[sullen cairn]

https://tenor.com/view/nobody-knows-snl-washington's-dream-nate-bargatze-gif-1712690635348172944

[light osprey]

You left out Megamonstroavisaur

[tough parcel]

Godsaurus newzealand

[glad arrow]

I don’t usually talk here but how are yall feeling with the prehistoric octopus fossils?

[mental cloak]

https://youtu.be/Cpz88V7LM9A?si=UoHIH3q4aoDauSMf this is cool

[ashen wedge]

What if they are headbutting?

[mental cloak]

Oh they r fighting?
I though they were just cuddling all this time lmao

[crisp matrix]

There's a big octopus. It's probably not the 19m maximum size estimate though.

[hidden steppe]

Alio is faster than all dromaeosaurs in the game in my experience, right behind struthi (assuming this isn’t referencing paleo stats, my apologies in advance if so)

[elfin pulsar]

I think they mean irl

[hidden steppe]

Are irl dromaeosaurs genuinely right behind ornithomimosauria?

[steep atlas]

nope, dromaeosaurids aren't even super built for speed

[hidden steppe]

That’s what I thought, it seemed odd to refer to them as fast runners

What family would be behind Struthio then?

[steep atlas]

hmmm good question. abelisaurids and nanotyrannids would be quite fast. also the smaller, leggy tyrannosaurids. also troodontids and oviraptorosaurs were pretty cursorial