paleontology

[umbral socket]

Whats the average estimated size for Yuty?

[stiff osprey]

~8 meters and ~1.4t

[brave nova]

Rex
Spino
Giga
Carcha
Mapu
Duck
Tyranno
Acro
Tauro
Mera

[ancient crystal]

In all honesty, its probably less likely that no dinosaur species possessed a similar dewlap

[ancient crystal]

I feel like giga got knocked down below carch recently, but I could be misremembering something

[brave nova]

Carcha is just a giga with a headswap atm. They are basically the same size

[ancient crystal]

Ah, that makes sense.

Though I'd still put it lower just to get on people's nerves

[plush fossil]

So it would be in the realm of possibility?

[halcyon cobalt]

in the realm of near certainty

[tawdry lintel]

I mean the Rex sub is pretty accurate IMO too

[ancient crystal]

Even amongst just the species known to science, I'd say its a near certainty. Not even counting the thousands upon thousands of dinosaurs yet to be discovered, and those that never fossilized

[plush fossil]

Thats so neat, thanks

[umbral socket]

What are some small herbivorous dinosaurs that Velociraptor likely could've hunted if it lived alongside it?

[ancient crystal]

Finches

[tawdry lintel]

Finches ?

[brisk estuary]

Wood pigeon

[umbral socket]

I'm confused, why am I being given birds 😭

[native kindle]

small herbivorous dinosaurs

[brisk estuary]

You asked for small Dino suggestions. Birds are dinos

[umbral socket]

They are, but they're not exactly herbivorous

[native kindle]

finches are certainly herbivorous; herbivory is defined as consuming 90+% of your diet as plant matter.

[native kindle]

and is the main reason "MUH HORSE EAT CHICK WHEN THEY HAVE NO NUTRIENTS" doesn't make them an omnivore

[umbral socket]

While I know they're dinosaurs, I assumed it would've been obvious I was talking about non-avian dinosaurs otherwise I would've specified birds >.>

[brisk estuary]

Wood pigeons eat mostly veg 99% percent of the time

[halcyon cobalt]

protoceratops

[winter marsh]

So basically its a bipedal baboon. Thats cool but also ominous as heck considering baboons are quite scary

[bleak rose]

My man

[plush fossil]

How so?

[zealous ravine]

Shri rapax WIP

[thorn grove]

Zhuchengtyrannar?

[brave nova]

Suecheng is undescribed

Once it and big Mera get described the list will change

[thorn grove]

Ight 👍

[bleak rose]

Yup. It's really scary

[charred hearth]

who would y'all say is more inaccurate, metri or pachy?

[ancient crystal]

Pachy by virtue of having enough material to confidently assess its accuracy

[charred hearth]

how accurate was feilongs pachy? ( i think beaked pachy was feilong? )

[charred hearth]

damn, offical pachy skinny as hell

[fossil ingot]

This is the Skinny Sub tbh

[ionic crescent]

Author here: not so accurate besides having beak

Proportions are off (is a barrel, thin, long tail, wide chest and tall but thick from the front legs)
Integument is wrong (dome is cornified skin and not scaly, scales are wrong)

Both my version and POT are off and doesn't depict pachy properly, the only difference is just the beak

[green helm]

i thoguht he was bigger damn

[ancient crystal]

A very common sentiment in this community

[green helm]

the bigger they are the bigger they fall ahh

[ancient crystal]

Unless you're one of the chosen ones

Tyrannosaurus, argentinosaurus, the blue whale

[tall vale]

I have came to the conclusion that Tyrannosaurus is very similar to a tiger

Both goated

[hardy sentinel]

Definitely turkeys

[tall vale]

Realistically, yeah but I just wanted to glaze tigers

[ancient crystal]

Its not glaze if its true

[tall vale]

So true man

[charred hearth]

ooh alright, would you say saurian pachy is probably the most accurate pachy model then?

pachy fans, rate it

[small geyser]

Tail is too thick. Even back then it was still off.

[queen oar]

Would you eat Dinosaur-themed Pastry?

[ancient crystal]

I hate pachy's weird little hands

[queen oar]

it doesn't have those preserved, does it?

[small geyser]

No as far as I can remember.

[queen oar]

ah, but relatives probably have it... So it's not even subjective.

[charred hearth]

out of the 3, which is best to use a reference / which is the most accurate?

[ancient crystal]

For a game that was so adamant to claim 100% scientific accuracy, there sure are a lot of examples of them not adhering to established science

[queen oar]

Well, it's Saurian. ( No further elaboration, I think it's pretty obvious what I mean )

[ancient crystal]

Tragically, its probably the isle's

[charred hearth]

really? isnt the isle's just jp pachy?

[queen oar]

It's so generic that by not filling any quotas, it's probably the best you gonna have.

[ancient crystal]

I mean, I don't remember JP pachy all that well but it certainly doesn't look it. It's not shrink wrapped, doesn't do anything stupid with the face or tail.

It kinda just wins by default

[queen oar]

pretty sure JP Pachy and Warpath Stygi are pretty skinny and have a weird posture?

[ancient crystal]

I think a picture of TI pachy in a neutral pose would be a good way to clear this up

[charred hearth]

im pretty sure these are the pre-remodel pachy

[ancient crystal]

Well pre-remodel doesn't represent the current model. And yeah, that's an ugly model

[ionic crescent]

Saurian's

only flaw is the tail

[queen oar]

Me when

[charred hearth]

found it

[queen oar]

https://www.instagram.com/p/DB1Xo6PNCIs/?img_index=4

centraltheislebrasil

PARTE 1 - Modelos elder prontos!
.
SIGA @centraltheislebrasil
.
#theisle #theislegame #dinosaur

Likes

189

Instagram

[charred hearth]

oh, is the tail too bulky? but besides that its almost completely accurate, including the hands?

[ancient crystal]

Alright, it's got a bit of a twig neck, but again, it's just a generic pachy that doesn't try to be quirky or different. I think that makes it the best

[ionic crescent]

Saurian got it the closest i'd say, this is current pachy depiction based on multiple specimens (homalo, sandy and zavacephale)

[ancient crystal]

Also, look at its eye lmao, it looks almost as dead inside as the average Isle player

[queen oar]

Shin Gojira eyes

[tough parcel]

Pre-Evrima Pachy is gorgeous

Evrima Pachy is beautiful but stylized

[ionic crescent]

me when tailn't

[charred hearth]

oh my god.

[queen oar]

rat tail

Pachycephalosaurs are domed rats!!!

[ionic crescent]

that is basically pachy proportions

[tough parcel]

The ever-humble Glavenus:

[charred hearth]

why is it so fat and wide expect the tail

[queen oar]

herbivore

[ionic crescent]

they are ducks with dome and tail

[ancient crystal]

That's like me picking up a dead rat off the streets of New York and calling it gorgeous

[charred hearth]

whats pachy's speed estimates? if we have any at all

[queen oar]

Rats. We gotta name one " Jermacephale " or " Jermaceratus " if it has the funny horns

[tough parcel]

Hey man, Legacy Pachy is just the model equivalent of a left-lateral skeletal so

[ancient crystal]

Probably about the speed of one pachy

[charred hearth]

would pachy even make top 10 fastest playables in PoT? ( in real life speed )

i know struthi would probably be first, but behind it? no clue

[ionic crescent]

[queen oar]

Btw, talking about feathered critters, Heterodontosaurs being Marginocephalians is still up in the air or just naaaaaah?

[charred hearth]

well, if we count like, areial diving speed and swimming speed, would struthi still be first ? or would hatz, rhamp or thal snatch that from it?

[ionic crescent]

I think they are the "fathers" atm for em

heteros originating ceratopsia and pachycephalosauria

tho with Zalmoxes and stuff being basal ceratopsia now, that may change

[queen oar]

Aren't they Ceratopsids?

oh never mind

[ionic crescent]

Pachys? No, they are in the same clade

Likely originating from the same branch

But I mean given that those, Zalmoxes and pals, were iguanodontids in the past, unsure if may change anything regarding heterodontosaurids

[undone rapids]

Zalmoxes is a bit in the air. Some of its specimens were ceratopsians and were given a new name iirc

[queen oar]

no the Rhabdodons ( Forgot their name )

[ionic crescent]

Yeah, Zalmoxes and pals,

Those are basal ceratopsia now

[queen oar]

The real question is, would you eat a small Ceratopsian roasted on a stick?

[ionic crescent]

Given that it would be all heavy metals, I'm likely dying next lol

[charred hearth]

i wonder, do pachycelpholosaurids get invited to the ceratopsian party as cousins or are they just left out in the cold to watch

[charred hearth]

whats sandy?

[winter marsh]

the squirrel

[delicate trout]

eh

im pretty sure PoT Pachy is the least accurate of the three

[compact leaf]

it’s not all rhabodontids just a couple from europe including some elements of zalmoxes

parts of zalmoxes and the rest of the rhabodonts are still iguanodontians

[fluid inlet]

thats inaccurate bud

[fluid inlet]

tragically ? whats so tragic about it , unless u have bias towards path of titans.

[compact leaf]

? the paper itself says that

[ionic crescent]

Yes, it's literally on the message lol

[ionic crescent]

That's why I said Zalmoxes & pals and not Rhabdodontids as a whole

[compact leaf]

come to think of it I don’t remember if the holotype for zalmoxes got reclassified or not, the paper itself says its not all of them but the the posts on social media were just misleading for some reason

[craggy trench]

i saw something saying that said Zalmoxes robustus is fine but shqiperorum got the ceratops beam

[ancient crystal]

I have an extraordinary bias towards path of titans.

[polar rain]

I have a really annoying friend that keeps on insisting that spinosaurus had an M-shaped sail instead of a semi-oval and no matter how much I tell him it's just personal preference, he keeps saying that there's proof of it being shaped like that, can anyone debunk what he says?

[ancient crystal]

I swear this was brought up before and someone said that the neural spines' placement isn't really up for interpretation anymore

Could be very wrong about that though

[elfin pulsar]

Whys the pachy hitting the luigi

Btw BoB’s is super inaccurate isnt it

[queen oar]

Tell him he'll get a L-Shaped Sail soon lmao

[tough parcel]

The new one is fine, old one disgusting

[elfin pulsar]

Oh there is a new one?

[ancient crystal]

Ok. I was wrong, it is not at all known what shape spino's sail took or even if there was a single characteristic sail shape across individuals of the same species

[polar rain]

Hes a goo chee eng simp btw, he believes everything that guy says

[ionic crescent]

there's a new one?

[ancient crystal]

From what I was able to see from both this and another paleo channel, the M shape is potentially known from one specimen but without well preserved sails in other individuals, it is impossible to say that the M shape is more "correct" than any other sail type

[tough parcel]

@ionic crescent @elfin pulsar https://imgur.com/USRDRbT

[elfin pulsar]

Oh ty

[ionic crescent]

mobile nostrils 🥀

[tough parcel]

What? Are we looking at the same animal? 😭

[ionic crescent]

look at it when looks around, it "flexes" nostrils

[fossil ingot]

Both are fine, there is no Concrete answer
Tmk Holotype might have had a M Shape
But like
Look at this smh

[undone rapids]

The m shaped was from holotype yeah, so its now dust

[ancient crystal]

Yeah, that's what I was referring to. Holotype (rest in pieces) had the M shape, but to claim that every spinosaurus had that same sail structure is pretty much impossible lacking more well preserved specimens

[polar rain]

What he said was "when u pull apart slime it dips into a more stable structure right?Sags in the middle, because spino is so long the sail would probably need to be that shape otherwise the neural spines would have more stress put onto them" ig it makes sense but it also kinda doesnt

[charred hearth]

would "dakotaraptor" be the primary predator of pachy or would it be a mix of both "dakota" and nano

[ancient crystal]

Yeah, the presence of bones in the spine kills that arguement

[tough parcel]

Ima be so real but the second you encounter someone who unironically believes Mr. Hallucinations, just give up

[sudden wind]

I like it

[lofty furnace]

Is It possible that paraceratherium could use It's neck to fight like a giraffe? Or maybe for self defense

[ancient crystal]

Dakota, nano, smaller Tyrannosaurus, and any other yet to be discovered mesopredator in Hell Creek, because there sure as hell weren't only two of em

[charred hearth]

how about archeraptor?

[polar rain]

REALLL

[tough parcel]

Acheroraptor isn't large enough to really scare an adult Pachy

[charred hearth]

arche got the saurian drop attack

[ancient crystal]

Another paleo hack to add to my collection

[tough parcel]

The vicious Acheroraptor when its spine gets dusted by a well-placed headbutt

[polar rain]

He hates my spinosaurus paleoart 🥹

[lofty furnace]

Idk If i am allowed to send GIFs here so Just imagine my comment as that Lego Batman one

[charred hearth]

hell creek is truly a enviorment

[fossil ingot]

The True Place...

[polar rain]

Thankaks

[ancient crystal]

Welcome to Hell Creek, we have: all the largest animals on the continent shoved into one place and next to nothing else

[charred hearth]

their only missing alamo from the largest animals of the continent

[ancient crystal]

Tbf Alamo wandered onto the continent after the fact

[fossil ingot]

The Fact Hell Creek had Trike and Toro together is crazy
Family Stays Close

[charred hearth]

and edmonto has no family, it killed all of them 😭

[fossil ingot]

Tho Multiple Similar sized Ceratopsians species together isn't THAT rare as seen on the Judith River Formation and iirc Alberto Lived with Eo, Pachyrino and more lol

[charred hearth]

trike has toro
anky has denver
rex has nano
dakota has arche

who does edmonto have...?

[ancient crystal]

Hell Creek superficially encouraging and supporting the habit of paleontologists to throw any basic understanding of ecology out the window all while being the best understood and well studied mesozoic formation is really something.

[outer tusk]

Oplosaurus restored as a turiasaur? Interesting

[ancient crystal]

Anatosaurus

[fossil ingot]

Edmonto has Crazy Size Variation

[tough parcel]

Edmonto has Parasaurolophus hellcreekensis

[fossil ingot]

X-Rex is totally another species trust

[paper parcel]

It ain't called Hell Creek for nothing

[queen oar]

who?

[ancient crystal]

"Tyrannosaurus filled every niche in its environment, but grew too large and heavy as an adult so they became obligate scavengers whilst the young actively took down prey. Yes, I took terrestrial ecology in college, I had to audit it twice and got a C, why do you ask?"

[paper parcel]

So it's a overweight theropod? Lmao

Can't wait to become the biggest primate species irl, just gotta eat more and bite more.

[charred hearth]

do you think we'll ever discover a lambeosaurine from hell creek?

[polar rain]

I think T. Rex being green is actually fairly accurate considering the fact they're ambush hunters actively living in rainforests

[hazy basalt]

Very likely many dinosaurs had classic green coloration since they wouldn’t have the skill issue mammals had where they could only produce various shades of blacks, greys, browns, and reds.

[wind prairie]

by that logic tigers should be green. But they're only green in the eyes of the prey they hunt. Though reptiles have more complex color vision so idk how it'd work

[fluid inlet]

The Morrison >>>

[charred hearth]

i remember the entirety of dryo and campto's friends died, rip nano , drinker and etc

[wind prairie]

drinker is still alive
there's one driving towards my house right n

[queen oar]

You could say Drinker has to... Cope

[thorn grove]

someone needs to edit wikipedia and get rid of those stupid "X-Rex is totally a good representative specimen for Edmontosaurus you guys" size comparisons

I would do it but im lazy

[patent mist]

Fruitadens is still valid and drinker isn't down for the count. Enigmacursor got described a few months later as well, but it is sad seeing nano go.

[tough parcel]

Wdym Nano was revalidated by Zanno and Napoli!

[fossil ingot]

Wdym
Its totally fine...

[winter marsh]

why tf is avisaurus a bird

[wind prairie]

I came so close to making this joke

[charred hearth]

which way would a ceratopsian wear pants?

[tough parcel]

2nd

[winter marsh]

3rd, they wouldnt cuz theyre dead

[charred hearth]

whats the more accurate theri?

[winter marsh]

both of them are pretty iffy but Id say TI because its bulkier

[charred hearth]

better look at both as i thought both images were too low quality

[charred hearth]

what makes them both iffy though? they seem like standard theri designs to me.

[drifting condor]

Stupid question but do you think edmontosaurus could swim and do you think it could stick its tounge out

[halcyon cobalt]

I think both have too many feathers

[thorn grove]

swim yes

idk if there's research on hadrosaur tongues specifically but iirc a lot of non-avian dinosaurs had pretty inflexible tongues more like crocodiles

[paper parcel]

it kinda makes sense they would, most dinosaurs couldn't chew but they could so maybe their tongues moving might have helped

[compact leaf]

ankylosaurs at least seem to have had flexible tongues but that doesn’t have much bearing on hadrosaurs

[thorn grove]

I'd have to see if there's research on their hyoid bones I just don't know of any off the top of my head

the Ankylosaur thing I sorta remembered forgot to mention it, ig it at least demonstrates the presence of those in Ornithischia

as for chewing... I can see how a more flexible tongue could help but Hadrosaur chewing worked quite a bit differently from mammalian chewing

[charred hearth]

would theris and ducks feathering be more sparse like a elephants hair?

but i do see where alot of feathering come from, because couldnt negment get cold enough to snow / blizzard?

[compact leaf]

there’s a lot of uncertainty around feathering in theropods like that, especially nemegt ones given the possibility for cooler temperatures

[charred hearth]

Is yutyrannus still the largest feathered therapod?

[plush fossil]

How flexible were dromeosaur tails? Specifically Achillobator? Cuz it sticks its tail up real weird in it's aggro call and im wondering if that's physically possible

[thorn grove]

flexible at the base but the rest of it was pretty stiff iirc

[plush fossil]

Thanks!

[balmy oyster]

Largest confirmed one, yes

[thick acorn]

TO

[warped peak]

I believe Deinocheirus is the largest theropod with potential evidence of feathers? Pygostyle and whatever happens there. But that's not direct or conclusive by any means

[lavish frigate]

I have the option to be really pedantic and say the largest theropod with evidence of feathers is T.rex because le phylogeny but I shall not because I know someone will erm me to death

[charred hearth]

likelyhood of some dinosaurs sleeping standing up?

[polar rain]

I lwk like therizinosaurus with no feathers, or a really small amount of feathers

[halcyon cobalt]

that doesn’t confirm anything

[balmy oyster]

Good you didn’t because it doesn’t work like that

[undone rapids]

The largest feathered animal was argentinosaurus as sauropods are closer to theropods like birds (which were feathered) than crocodiles.

[balmy oyster]

The day we find sauropod feathering imprints is the day paleontology as a profession implodes upon itself and society collapses

[queen oar]

it will be a international crisis for many

[coral forge]

There's a sauropod from the Hanson formation, which got pretty cold, is there a possibility of some kind of feather like structures on them or is their size enough in terms of insulation

[paper parcel]

like this

[serene sedge]

It’s extremely unlikely that sauropods had feathers let alone a full shaggy coat like this, sauropod skin is well documented and is fully scaly as far as scientists have found.

[coral forge]

I mean similar to what elephants have but feathers instead of hair

[serene sedge]

Recent papers on the integument of animals like Diplodocus show us only scales, in colder climates sauropods likely kept themselves warm by bulk alone. Gigantothermy is the term i think.

[scenic flame]

Gigantothermy is a hell of a thing

[serene sedge]

Feathered sauropods are more of a thing of fantasy

[scenic flame]

cows, specifically the usual kind with very thin coats can be fairly comfortable at 0 degrees C, the larger an animal the greater it's cold tolerance is

[undone rapids]

Therizinosaurus probably had less feathers than Tarbosaurus

[serene sedge]

I highly doubt that

[paper parcel]

Sad, maybe smaller ones but thats really the only kind I could think of.(amargasaurus, europasseaus sized)

[outer tusk]

sauropods feel like they wouldn't need them at all

[serene sedge]

I honestly doubt it, I am more likely to state carcharodontosaurs had feathers than sauropods

[paper parcel]

No fluffy giants, truly a cursed time the mesozoic was

[serene sedge]

If sauropodomorphs had any kind of filament they likely lost them completely in the Triassic if they ever had them at all.

[paper parcel]

speaking of the triassic how bad would it be if you ported all the pseudosuchians to the cenozoic? Probably in florida.

[serene sedge]

I mean it would be awful because it’s a large invasive animal

[polar rain]

FEATHERLESS THERIZINOSAURUS 🥹

[undone rapids]

It was similar in size to Tarbosaurus and probably didn't need feathers since processing plants generates more heat, i forgor but there's a name for that process iirc.

Though tbh, we don't really know at what size and environment gigantothermy would result in animals losing feathers. 1-2 tonne yuty was probably fine. Would 4 or 5 tonnes be where it'd matter?

In which case would a sub adult tarbosaurus/tyrannosaurus be as feathered as a yuty assuming the temperature of there environments wasn't too different

[little mauve]

A big problem is how rare rocks that preserve feathers are, so our direct evidence sample is always going to be small

[outer tusk]

all pseudosuchians? yeah cenozoic is cooked

[paper parcel]

it has floridians though so very equal/jk

[outer tusk]

Okay, now there's a chance

[full lagoon]

It probably wouldn't have gotten as cold as the image shows even then

Given that it's the Jurassic period it probably would have been more temperate, cooler than the rest of the world but not usually frozen.

[light osprey]

I mean the temperature is different it’s just colder.

[full lagoon]

Possible quills I think

[outer tusk]

Ben one of the peps on jFC talked about them not being quills

[ionic crescent]

Completely feathered wings, bald/scaly body

[ancient crystal]

You'd probably start a fight with the people who wrote the current page.

[thorn grove]

I will where did they get 15.9 tons from you can't just add that to Wikipedia without a source wth

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/metal-gear-rising-metal-gear-rising-revengeance-raiden-senator-armstrong-source-gif-25038929

[thorn grove]

it would be like someone adding that T. rex could've gotten to over 13 tons because they saw it in vividen's video

except vividen's videos are probably a more credible source than wherever this came from

[tough parcel]

It should also be known Wikipedia editors only accept published sizes otherwise they will be removed

[ancient crystal]

A whole new section of the page could be added addressing Edmontosaurus' size variation and the scewed "averages" that circulate in popular media

[ancient crystal]

Well, none of the length, height, or mass measurements seem to have cited sources

[tough parcel]

Oh

Then I guess that must only be for the megatheropod pages 💔

[thorn grove]

oh nvm I looked through the page history, there was a source but someone must've accidentally removed it

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950117225000160#sec3

"large specimens from North America referred to Edmontosaurus annectens (Mor-1142 and 1609 and NHM R3656), with ≈15 m (Horner and Woodward Ballard, 2011; Prieto-Márquez, 2014), which, sensu Seebacher (2001), would be around 15,873 kg."

This is just using Seebacher 2001's mass estimate formula that just goes by total length which is not very good at accounting for variations in proportions but whatever

[ancient crystal]

Perhaps they had the source removed so no one would be able to point that out

[tough parcel]

No no, Mega Edmonto is real because the T. rex was actually incapable of hunting adults because only mammals can hunt prey their size or larger!

[thorn grove]

You know I think Seebacher 2001 estimates a 17 meter Shant (very real) at 22.5 tons so why isn't that added to the shant page then

[thorn grove]

The mega-Edmonto thing is so weird because people simultaneously pretend T. rex was this wimpy pathetic predator to do it and also bulldoze their way past plenty of other Hadrosaurs that actually were huge (I.E. Shant, Magnapaulia, etc.)

It's almost like people do it out of spite for T. rex and not because they actually care about Edmonto

[tough parcel]

Do they really?

Also happy b-day, I apologize but it's been a busy few days

[thorn grove]

yea it's like the go to source for wikipedia size estimates

[tulip dove]

Heh... T rex wouldn't dare to hunt the bull Edmontosaurus in musth and would instead go for the local Triceratops with over meter long horns on their faces...

[thorn grove]

tbf I think people who partake in such chicanery would also argue Trike and Anky being immune at full size

Basically T. rex was a dedicated juvie hunter

[tough parcel]

It's a shame GSP is the only person who has put effort into making dorsal views because they are definitely not good

[tulip dove]

The small game hunter
Making Nanotyrannus the true apex predator of Hell Creek

[tough parcel]

Hey man, I already made this joke...

[tulip dove]

If y'all were a Tyrannosaurus, what would you go for

A: An agile elephant sized herbivore with a pair of meter long brow horners and a shield on its head
B: A short, low to the ground armored ball with a club that can shatter ankles
C: A big, meaty burger that feels slightly grumpy and has no real comparable weaponry compared to the previous options

[thorn grove]

Pachycephalosaurus because it's the only thing such a pathetic loser like Tyrannosaurus could take

[full lagoon]

Ankylosaurs literally doesn't seem worth the effort

[tulip dove]

That's what I meant by agile, not fast when it comes to running but positioning itself to face the threat effectively

[full lagoon]

Shorter and smaller but egregiously difficult to take down when there are far more filling options

[tough parcel]

Tbf considering Tarbosaurus was taking out ankylosaurs, I doubt Anky's an impenetrable fortress

Size difference was about the same, I believe

[full lagoon]

Is there evidence for tarbo actually eating them? (Also I never said they were impenetrable)

[ancient crystal]

No, but you see, Tyrannosaurus was totally inept because I don't like it and said so, therefore anky was unkillable

[tulip dove]

Think there's a skull of a Tarchia that was at least bitten by a Tarbosaurus
Didn't kill it but an infection got it iirc

[thorn grove]

there's a Tarchia specimen with a crushed skull that's been interpreted as the result of a Tarbosaurus bite

[tough parcel]

There was a dietary study on Tarbo done that found ankylosaurs weren't off the menu

I think there was mention of an individual with a preference for ankylosaurs

[thorn grove]

link? if you have

[full lagoon]

Even still as a slow and relatively uncommon herbivores in their region the defense would have had to have done something for them or else they wouldn't have survived

[tough parcel]

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031018218310538

I'll try to track down the ankylosaur individual because I don't think it was mentioned in the paper, but as an aside

[thorn grove]

yea ofc

ig the general point is that while their defenses were probably pretty effective, animals don't evolve defenses unless they're under predation pressure

[outer tusk]

not to mention there was also a tarchia speicmen with tarbosaurus

[tough parcel]

Mentioned here but I wasn't sure if we had one or two skulls w/ bitemarks

[fossil ingot]

You the Tarchia with marks on its skull?

[full lagoon]

True, but I definitely still see them as less common targets

[thorn grove]

yea that's fair

[tough parcel]

It's a shame ankylosaur fossils were all vaporized...

[queen oar]

true, i guess

[ancient crystal]

I remember the other day seeing someone ask very simply, if others thought Torosaurus or Triceratops would be more effective at detering a Tyrannosaurus, and someone unironically tried to correct them by saying that they wouldn't deter a Tyrannosaurus but instead they'd usually kill it

[queen oar]

W Ceratopsian Agenda

[ancient crystal]

Nah

[queen oar]

Yah

[paper parcel]

Trex has just become the overrated dinosaur at the point since its everywhere, they just do it out of spite

[ancient crystal]

Even as a joke, I think "agendas" like these are always a bad thing.

[polar rain]

I like the fact that it's overrated, bite me

[thorn grove]

Hadrosaur size scaling has to be one of the most blighted paleo topics rn

at least people bother to fact check when it comes to theropods

[polar rain]

It's a good thing it's praised the way it is, it deserves its title

[paper parcel]

I have a theory

[outer tusk]

what theory

[full lagoon]

The thick ahh animal theory

[ancient crystal]

They only bother to try and enforce fact checking theropods because they themselves don't do it for hadrosaurs, and in the us vs them mentality these folks usually have, that's some sort of advantage.

[thorn grove]

yea that's the thing is the Hadrosaur fanboys try to make it out like every Hadrosaur was gigantic and that ends up ruining people's perception of the group

[full lagoon]

It's not fair to hate an animal due to how others view it imo

[ancient crystal]

Awesomebros never left paleocircles, and though I won't pretend that there aren't those still convinced T. rex was an unstoppable bloodthirsty movie monster, it seems plenty of others have realized they can either treat herbivores the same way or do so as some sort of counterculture

[queen oar]

I mean yeah, but at the same time, I think Tyrannosaurus deserves some humiliation.

[polar rain]

Nah

[ancient crystal]

See, you just proved my point

[queen oar]

Exactly. Because I am not perfect.

[paper parcel]

Game has a larp epidemic at this point

[thorn grove]

people will be upset when you use Randomdinos updated Sue that's based on actual 3D scans and only increases mass by like 700 kg but if you use Fadeno's Parasaurolophus that's 3x bigger than any credible estimate based on footprints no one has ever assigned to Para people act like it's totally fine

[polar rain]

I love T. Rex and the praise it gets tbh (also it has a really satisfying face )

[queen oar]

hmmmm...

Objection:|| It doesn't look like Doctor Gregory House||

[paper parcel]

Fun fact potoos have been around since the beginning of the cenozoic

[polar rain]

Literally anurognathus

[ancient crystal]

I don't want to gatekeep paleontology and all the cool things that come from it to just pure science, and I usually think its a great thing when people who might not have a scientific interest in otherwise scientific subjects attempt to engage with those fields.

But I don't think powerscaling, agendas, awesomebro who-kills-who, this animal deserves my eternal wrath and ire because its 500kg too large bs should be encouraged or even allowed when possible

[polar rain]

THANK YOU

Animal powerscaling sucks

[ancient crystal]

You should look up the user Mr. Triceratops in this channel, the last arguement they had here was something else

[full lagoon]

In all honesty the size/strength of dinosaurs between one another isn't even my main reason of interest by a long shot

[queen oar]

I mean tbh, I think it's not addressing the issue, that is like... I think I said it to Doogma the other day?

" Selective Realism "

that is simply referring to how our image of Dinosaurs will always be updated to some matter, and it won't happen that we will get a 100% precise/accurate representation of a Dinosaur. But usually what that also refers to is how people will usually be pretty selective about depicting certain elements to certain dinosaurs. Quite simply, putting your finger on the scale until your side benefits enough from it.

[queen oar]

Being honest here, terms like " Awesomebros " or whatever the f#$k people make up this day to call somebody, feel more like a distraction than anything. Because it only creates a stereotype and essentially makes you believe " The problem is only associated with these people! Who think Jurassic Park is accurate! ", when in general it's a issue that can be found anywhere in the community and, personally, I think many would prefer if it was addressed from the root rather than by individual groups.

[ancient crystal]

Which is sort of what sparked this whole thing.

Wikipedia apparently requiring sources for megetheropod sizes under threat of punishment, but not doing so with the large hadrosaurus that have usually more dubious size estimates and averages

[last adder]

https://tenor.com/view/morgan-freeman-true-morgan-freeman-true-nodding-gif-13973817878387504960

[thorn grove]

Tbf I realized there was initially a source for the Edmonto mass estimate but they’re evidently still much less vigilant on the Hadrosaur pages considering it’s sat without a source for months

[paper parcel]

Hadrosaurs have the problem of being big enough to not be small but not being the biggest so people always want the "sauropod destroying hadrosaur" to be a thing

[queen oar]

but Wikipedia has always had some form of Selective Realism. It's not to say that Wikipedia is " Oh Wikipedia is A.K.A. source of misinformation! ", but it's mostly to say that Wikipedia always had an issue, not just on the Dinosaur sector of the site, but also on other sectors, due to how some communities will always have someone who wants to fulfill a " Agenda " of some sort. Like, this is going to sound unrelated, but the only example I can think outside of dinosaurs that wouldn't make me sound bias, is that the A-10 wikipedia page still cited Pierre Sprey as it's designer, because many of the books oftenly curated or written by Pierre Sprey claimed that was his design, his creation, and the page would go for years without giving proper mention to Alexander Kartveli

[paper parcel]

Kinda like how permian and cenozoic animals are overestimated sometimes

[ancient crystal]

That's why I included the end bit, because sources are evidently not enforced for edmontosaurus when according to Gualicho, they are for megatheropods.

That isn't to say I don't want sources to not be enforced, but its something that should happen for all groups, not just carnivores because muh counterculture herbivore bias

Ok, lets not pretend Longrich is the pinnacle of paleontological rigor, or that his paper did a thing to revalidate nanotyrannus

[queen oar]

That's just dishonest tbh. I think it was said in this chat, and I'll simply repeat what people have said here, while it's true that some of the opposition to Nanotyrannus often used some form of verbal aggression to shut down any doubts or discussion about it. You also have to acknowledge that at the time Nanotyrannus didn't had any real evidence. Bloody Mary from the Dueling Montana Dinosaurs was still a private specimen and even when it was acquired it took a good time to be described.

[paper parcel]

Kinda weird how many people doubted nanotyrannus tbh, tons of animals have dwarf/small variants, potoos, hippos, foxes, and even some primates

[full lagoon]

And it makes a lot of sense given that there were no real mid-sized predators to our understanding before that point

[thorn grove]

It’s more that where theropod fans factionalize into their personal favorite theropod, hadrosaur fans wanted them to be megatheropod killers as a group (muh herbivore counterculture as venator lunae mentioned) so they seemed to care more about getting a large number of hadrosaurs to huge sized than they did about parsing out the details of which ones really were huge or not

[ancient crystal]

In hindsight, the pre-nano vision for hell creek and tyrannosaurus ecology was absurd. I made fun of it the other day.

However, as dumb as pretending that mesopredators weren't found in hell creek was, that same logic couldn't have been used to argue nano's validity either.

[queen oar]

pretty much, yeah.

[outer tusk]

Sir William

[paper parcel]

Doesn't even make sense lol, hadrosaurs are primarily herd creatures, who use numbers and speed, the only hadrosaur I can think of with a obvious defense is iguanodon

[ancient crystal]

Also, I would like to mention there are some really unpleasant people who act like nano being valid gives them a justification to be shitty' to others.

Both this channel, and PK's paleochat had them right after the paper dropped.

Also hah I win, discord censorship

[full lagoon]

They aren't exactly hadrosaurs either

[paper parcel]

What's not hadrosaurs???

[full lagoon]

Iguanadontids, they are a different type of ornithscian

[queen oar]

Ornithopod.

[ancient crystal]

Hadrosaur fans when you point out their favorite carnivore slayer was an R selected prey species:

[full lagoon]

Yeah that's what I meant, my bad (it still counts but is too generalized for what I was saying)

[paper parcel]

More of a sauropod fan or pterosaur fan, diplodocus is definitely a peak dino and anurognathus is peak

[ancient crystal]

Also, I just now realize that saying "hadrosaur fans" in a mocking matter implies that I am somehow not a fan of hadrosaurs.

I'm not a "fan" of any dinosaur, I like them all equally. I think hadrosaurs are really cool, I just don't find any joy in purposefully misunderstanding and misrepresenting their ecology, nor does my enjoyment of paleontology necessitate that this warped version of the animals be accepted by others.

[bright veldt]

I find this narrative really. Really stupid.

[full lagoon]

I like all types of dinosaurs, but I have a particular interest in ornithomimosaurs

[undone rapids]

Abelisaurs were the greatest Multicelular organisms to grace this Planet

[queen oar]

I hate Deinonychus.

[bright veldt]

Most of the people that claim such a thing are very much bad actors in the field for a variety of reasons, using the situation to either promote poor practices or were using private fossils to justify their idea. Napoli and co’s paper on Nanotyrannus was significant because such a controversial idea was backed up with actually good and robust science, not because it was the first to break the status quo.

[full lagoon]

Why?

[paper parcel]

Live anurognathus reaction

[queen oar]

Similar to Tyrannosaurus, I don't like the culture around it, and I often find hard to disassociate the animal with that culture.

[ancient crystal]

I too agree that we should beat GSP with hammers

[undone rapids]

They Are Peak

[full lagoon]

I can understand that, but it doesn't really matter what others think about it if you are willing to understand them as real animals.

[bright veldt]

Yeah it just feels like listening to the wrong crowd.

[queen oar]

Okay, but do you imagine when you want to find any content about your favorite dinosaur and it's all pretty much just agenda content meant to make that dinosaur look better than anything else? Like personally, I would be pretty bored or sad.

[full lagoon]

True..

[ancient crystal]

You just have to realize people coming into paleontology from a fandom headspace are not engaging with the scientific aspect of the wider subject, or if they are then they are doing so poorly (see above critiques of hadrosaur size "glazing")

[full lagoon]

I don't really take glaze on any side seriously though, especially if it's just by random people

[ancient crystal]

None of that holds any bearing whatsoever in an actual understanding of the animal

[foggy river]

Nobody is forced to like or dislike any animal but honestly a massive issue in paleo spaces i find as a casual enjoyer is that too many people don't give a hoot about the truth. They don't see these animals as animals, and if evidence points to something that isn't what they like they get upset, as if science isn't the point.

[crisp matrix]

I love heterodontosaurs!!! Give me the little fuzzy tusked guys!

[bright veldt]

The other two I get but what is wrong with carno? One of the largest abelisaurs known from good remains and a unique appearance.

[outer tusk]

how the hell is any of those 3 theropods overrated 😭

[foggy river]

Overrated based on what? It's an animal. it is what it is

[ancient crystal]

"Paleontology ruined spinosaurus and I personally hate Paul Sereno"

[undone rapids]

Its also like, one of the only large carnivores that probably used its horns for more than Display

[full lagoon]

The thing is, there's always going to be things that are more appealing to different people

[queen oar]

No. But at the same time, you gonna like an animal that is mostly associated with people trying to " Gotcha " other people online. Than at that point, I would prefer to invest my time on discussing or learning about other animals, and then have my own reasons to like it. Rather than if I said " I like Tyrannosaurus ", people would usually go " Woah dude! Did you know it had 20 tons?!!! And it had the bite force of god?!!! "

Like, personally, it's just a thing that would make anyone exhausted, and understandably make them want to avoid the animal to avoid that sorta of culture.

[bright veldt]

Real ones know spinosaurus wasn’t ruined and instead is currently a victim (to the mess of science that is North African paleontology)

[foggy river]

It's entirely fair to want to avoid it or not want to engage with it. Just that I think, some extrapolation that i see is really excessive. Having more/less appeal? ok. X animal is BAD and SUCKS and LOW TIER
ok?

[undone rapids]

Skorpiovenator is also, extremely cool. Like look at that Skull

[outer tusk]

Achillobator hasn't even been showcased much at all in paleo mediums

[queen oar]

And personally, it's deeply rooted with a lot of insecurities people have. And that can only go one way.

[full lagoon]

Yeah his claim sounds more like Utahraptor

[bright veldt]

Abelisaurs in general have a really awesome hunting style that just isn’t talked about much.

[undone rapids]

I do partially agree, it'd be nice to see some other abelisaurids take the spotlight sometimes.

[paper parcel]

How it feels to like pseudosuchians in 2026

[bright veldt]

They wrestled prey down. They were grapplers, but with their face.

[ancient crystal]

You know, I've never once encountered that mindset with Tyrannosaurus.

Its mostly the opposite, nowadays. People are so obsessed with pushing back on certain dated tropes in paleo circles (shrinkwrapping, fodder herbivores, awesomebro tyrannosaurus) that they don't realize those tropes are already all but extinct

[undone rapids]

I once convinced people that this was a Tyrannosaur skull

[ancient crystal]

Incredible

[bright veldt]

There was a paper that other day that noted their morphological similarities to tyrannosaurs, just with the jaws being less crushing and more holding.

[full lagoon]

I've always seen them as the true bruisers of the dinosaurs, and this definitely supports both their body shape and my assumptions.

[undone rapids]

There's a paper on Carnotaurus neck being worked on, that might shed some light on that hopefully soon

There's also a bunch of undescribed abelis that are pretty exciting for various reasons(other than the big one)

[queen oar]

You didn't encounter or did not notice it? Because like, what I mean, is that if you are mostly present in Paleo-chats or something like that you've likely seen that, but thought it was common/normal. And that's just normal, if a behaviour is so common in a community you frequent then yeah, you not gonna think much of it

Also, I understand why you would want to make that point, and it is to some way also tell me " Hey man, that is not as big of a deal as you think ", but I also think it just sorta of misses the point of accounting for other's experiences in spaces from the community and how that sorta of affected their overall perspective about cultures around certain dinosaurs or about the community to some extent.

[full lagoon]

Iirc correctly there's a lot of cool mounts of things like desmatosuchus at my local museum, possibly also a postosuchus but I don't fully remember

[bright veldt]

I understand what you’re saying but I really don’t see how this isnt like any other hobby/subject. There’s always something analogous to toxicity to work around.

[paper parcel]

Plus they also have solid bones and some like fasolasuchus hunted early sauropods

[ancient crystal]

No. Genuinely, most conversations surrounding Tyrannosaurus that I have witnessed over the last 6 or so years being active in paleochats on discord do not see that attitude. It is almost always the opposite—disliking Tyrannosaurus for whatever arbitrary reason that treats the animal more like a character

[queen oar]

Then it also applies to that case too.

[full lagoon]

What do you mean by solid bones? Comparatively vs dinosaurs?

[bright veldt]

All archosaurs can have hollow bones that’s not exactly something unique to dinosaurs.

[winter marsh]

I think it might be because everyone glorifies Tyrannosaurus and doesnt actually look at other genus, like yeah Tyrannosaurus beats em all so theyre not interesting or sum shi like that

[full lagoon]

I wasn't questioning that, and I'm aware that it varies a lot between different types, but I've never heard of "solid" bones

[paper parcel]

Don't pseudosuchians have heavier bones?

[queen oar]

But how can you say that? Like yeah, yes. But you also cannot tell me that is something that can be worked around, when if you search about anything Tyrannosaurus, here's what is going to be the results: Tyrannosaurus mass estimates, Tyrannosaurus superiority over other large theropods, " Guys did Tyrannosaurus had feathers or not? ", Jurassic Park Tyrannosaurus, etc.

Like, my point is simply being that, liking a dinosaur that you will simply never get the satisfaction of any actual entertaining content online... It's just depressing man

And It can apply to any animal

Like you seriously would be calm enough to enjoy something, that only you can share your specific reason for enjoying it? Like, no one else having that reason, because everyone wants to focus on the most insignificant, irrelevant, childish debates ever?

[winter marsh]

Ts allat to read 🥀 💔

[undone rapids]

Another cool one, Llukalkan

[winter marsh]

Isnt this the guy had lived with Carno

[full lagoon]

I wouldn't be surprised if they were less hollow than some dinosaurs, but the term "solid" bones was kind of confusing to me.

[bright veldt]

I mean…..yeah? Life is too short to care about any nonsense like this. It’s the internet. People will be stupid. Stupid people shouldn’t dictate what you do or don’t like.

[undone rapids]

No, that was Koleken. This one from Bajo de le carpa foration, with viavenator

[ancient crystal]

I think that used to be the case, but paleocircles tend to be slow to change course, and a trend that was common 10 years ago only just starts to see pushback now.

I think, if you were to somehow survey all the various conversations on Tyrannosaurus in the last 5 years across the internet, the majority of them would be negative, and the majority of those would be supposedly in response to everyone else "glazing it."

[winter marsh]

Almost.

Does Guamesia have a skull or is it just some fragmentary bones? Ik its a fairly small guy

[bright veldt]

Like it’s not the taxa or the medium’s fault. I’m not going to dislike or indirectly blame anything for having stupid followers when that’s out of anyone’s control.

[queen oar]

Not what I meant. Here's simply a analogy: Do you imagine liking something for a genuine and well-researched knowledge on that topic, and most of the internet just repeats the same stereotypes again and again? Like yeah, you do you, I believe. But at the same time, it's just exhausting.

[undone rapids]

Just a Braincase

[paper parcel]

Found only one: Hesperosuchus

[winter marsh]

🥀

[bright veldt]

I fail to see a difference. I don’t dislike honey badgers because of the stereotypes and misinformation that plague them constantly.

[queen oar]

fair.

[bright veldt]

It’s the internet. People are stupid. Enjoy what you enjoy and simply move around the dumb areas.

[paper parcel]

"Honey badgers don't care and are brave" No bro, they literally cannot outrun their problems

[queen oar]

So true, like a League of Legends lobby.

[ancient crystal]

If anything, I'd find researching and parsing correct and good knowledge about a stereotyped and misunderstood animal potentially more rewarding

[winter marsh]

Honey badgers are like any other animals, but because they live with lions they look tuff or smth. We have videos of rats attacking cats because they got cornered or were panicked and its the same stuff, just downgraded

[full lagoon]

The same can be said towards anything, including like fictional characters and franchises

[bright veldt]

I mean I’d say standing up for yourself despite being utterly terrified is a very good definition of what bravery and courage is. A lot of stereotypes are way more awesome with nuance.

[winter marsh]

If you got cornered by someone that wants to eat you at least you wanna go down throwing hands

[ancient crystal]

Hell theres videos of rats launching themselves at people swatting at them with a broom.

But no one's going to praise a flea-bitten diseased rat they found on the streets of NY. Justice for the rat.

[paper parcel]

We are all flea bitten diseased rats online

[winter marsh]

Master Splinter

[bright veldt]

Shout out to Megaloceros btw. People know it for the antlers but that’s, like, not even close to the most insane part about it.

[paper parcel]

It kicks?

[winter marsh]

Without the antlers its stil as tall as a moose (I think)

The antlers just amplify its size but like its still humongous

[full lagoon]

Moose can rival their size but still it's a humongous animal yeah

[winter marsh]

I wonder if Megaloceros could glide using its antlers

[paper parcel]

Moose can kick in a 360 angle, no one is safe.

[winter marsh]

Gang, I think most hooved animals can do that

[bright veldt]

Megaloceros fits the textbook definition of “athleticism”. Like the reason the males have such big antlers is because it correlates with fitness, and they were built for an amount of efficiency and athleticism that is SEVERELY understate. Like, this thing is the size of a moose but very cursorial, like it would match the fastest deer in speed and be able run for hours at a time without stopping.

[full lagoon]

The amount of energy they had to expend for that kind of strength was a huge pressure towards the species

[bright veldt]

Megaloceros were just ripped.

[paper parcel]

Another animal I would like to mention for its feats is Camels, they have a built in leather hard pad in their mouth for cacti and have cells that can expand and shrink more for water. And for its feet they have specially adapted pads for the sandy environment which shifts

[full lagoon]

Iirc the changing environment + the amount of energy invested into their displays of fitness is claimed to have eventually led to their extinction

Sexual selection that became so extreme it had a large cost to the animals

[paper parcel]

Could pterosaurs survive today? I'm not sure why they wouldn't and walking with dinosaurs seems to think not

[winter marsh]

Probably competition with birds but idk why they wouldnt

[full lagoon]

What types of pterosaurs, in general?

[paper parcel]

Azhdarchids, the semiaquatic pterosaurs or anurognathids

[winter marsh]

The smaller jurassic ones I can totally see going along with seagulls and cormorants. Idk about the larger, cretaceous ones

[bright veldt]

Pterosaurs would have a place purely on sheer size. Rhamphorhynchus is already rivaling the largest flying birds. Pterosaurs have size classes birds mostly don’t that they would have to themselves.

[full lagoon]

At the same time, that could be a disadvantage, such as in the extreme sizes of the azdarchids

[winter marsh]

I can totally see rhamphy and seagulls teaming up to be nuisances to everyone

[paper parcel]

Seeing a seagulls getting eaten by rhamps and pterodactyls would be funny, although azhdarchids might be a problem due to their size and ability to fly.

[ancient crystal]

I would imagine either ramphorynchus would prey on seagulls, or would get swarmed

[bright veldt]

It’s about the size of an albatross mind you. They aren’t small.

[full lagoon]

Regardless mobbing is extremely effective

[winter marsh]

I think pterosaurs that could have a definitive niche are Tapejarids (eating nuts and other plant matter, probably rivaling with macaws and parrots but that wouldnt really be a problem in how huge the rainforest is) and maybe smaller Azdachids basically being reptilians storks

[full lagoon]

Other types might struggle due to drastically differing environments and food supplies

[ancient crystal]

And something seagulls are very good at

[winter marsh]

And maybe Pterodaustro too?

[full lagoon]

It's important to note that there's a lot less biological activity today, which is going to be an issue for animals that are used to relative abundance

[winter marsh]

Most filter feeding pterosaurs would probably thrive well, due to their food supply not changing much (small shrimp and other small organisms) and being available in quite abundance

[full lagoon]

That's the main reason I think dinosaurs and pterosaurs would struggle, alongside competition from certain well established modern species, mainly us.

[paper parcel]

Tbh a domesticated pterosaur or raptor would be pretty cool.

[winter marsh]

Most theropods would fill the niche of apex predators

[full lagoon]

Seems like a weird parrot lol

[winter marsh]

Commanding my Jeholopterus to pester my neighbour sounds like a cool idea

[paper parcel]

Tbh I see pterosaurs basically just filling the pigeon role, we have no idea of how smart they actually were and tons of them are around pet size. Carrier pigeons

[light osprey]

Our Tapejarids aren’t really from rainforest depositional settings

[winter marsh]

Ik theyre for more arid areas but idk where theyd fit that has actual plant matter instead of cacti everywhere

[full lagoon]

Perhaps certain species would be well adapted for living in cities given they likely nested on rocky shores and cliffs

[light osprey]

Many environments exist in the spectrum between ‘desert’ and ‘rainforest’

[queen oar]

yeah, it is commented that they probably helped on forestation like some bats.

[sudden wind]

Usually, sexually selected traits are correlated with an individual's fitness, which is defined by its capacity to spread across a population (either by reproducing or surviving, but the individuals with better chances at surviving are the ones to reproduce) so no surprise.

[winter marsh]

I think some sort of savannah, maybe somewhere in the northern region of Brazil or somewhere in South Africa

Or maybe that region from Congo thats called Green Stripe or smth like that, that is a large region of rainforest. Maybe somewhere on the border of that region too

[paper parcel]

Kinda what I meant by pet sized, big enough to petted but not a huge cost/threat. Kinda why nobody keeps a house horse or why people are anxious about big dogs

[winter marsh]

Hmmmm... Cooked Rhamphy... 🤤

[queen oar]

a delicacy.

[winter marsh]

Yk how they have the Turducken? We have the Quetzteranorhynchus

A rhamph inside of a ptera inside of a quetz, truly a troglodytian delicacy

[thorn grove]

Picture of the biggest Dinosaur

[paper parcel]

Plus rhamps aren't apex predators like the largest pterosaurs. Which is a good pet quality since wolves are also not solo apex predators

[little mauve]

We actually have some recent studies on the evolution of pterosaur brains and while not as well developed as modern avians they were generally more developed than most dinosaurs or reptiles, close in relative size and shape to non-avian paravians like troodontids or archaeopteryx

https://www.ohio.edu/news/2025/11/ohio-researcher-co-authors-new-study-showing-pterosaurs-birds-evolved-flight-ready

[paper parcel]

It's so peak🪄

[charred hearth]

is stomping land theri the most iconic / well known theri design in media?

[outer tusk]

it and CBD are

[paper parcel]

I hate it, its skinny fat and it reminds me of myself

[charred hearth]

!?

[native kindle]

jurassic world dominion clears either of them by a pretty far margin i'd say in terms of popularity

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/princess-bride-where-were-we-the-pit-of-despair-reading-stories-gif-16368557

[native kindle]

i have never seen this in my life

[native kindle]

well it didn't say good theri designs in media!

[charred hearth]

how feathered do you guys like your theri designs?

[paper parcel]

Anteater theri is peak

[ancient crystal]

Completely scaley, because it upsets people

[native kindle]

seasonally dependant! which is something almost completely unexplored in feather reconstructions as a whole for some reason

[charred hearth]

do you have any irl examples of that? i'd love to see it!

[winter marsh]

Completely bald with 2 breast displays because we all love some speculative design choices

[ancient crystal]

You know, I just said that I liked scaley theri because it upsets people but now I find myself on the receiving end of such an atrocity

[paper parcel]

Live anurognathus

[winter marsh]

If yall dont know what I am talking about there is a paleoart of a naked theri with "nipples", which are mating displays. I just dont kbow why the heck did the guy choose to make colorful nipples instead of ANYTHING ELSE

It haunts me to this day

[paper parcel]

Ssssurrre

[winter marsh]

This thing

Its from Gabriel Ugueto. And I just wanna ask, why

Also I just noticed it has some fuzz but still

[paper parcel]

Wait till you see the sage grouse

[tulip dove]

It's a nice piece of speculation and some animals tend to have really weird mating displays
Might look odd but that's something animals don't care about
As long as the opposite gender is impressed, it works

[lunar dagger]

I think it’s very creative. It isn’t very fair to apply mammalian standards to dinos

[paper parcel]

https://tenor.com/view/greater-sage-grouse-grouse-bird-gif-11013117769165416064 male sage grouse

[winter marsh]

The thing is that this guy is very fluffy and those are air sacs. On the theri its just there

[paper parcel]

They are airsacs though

[winter marsh]

Which one ur talking about

[lunar dagger]

I understand why you’re weirded out, but to be fair the greater sea grouse’s display looks a lot more like breasts than the Theri

[paper parcel]

https://tenor.com/view/sage-grouse-funny-bird-breasts-boobs-bird-dance-gif-11930054529658200436

[winter marsh]

Also, about this, I totally get when they make some dinos have extravagant displays but on that specific art they just look like nipples that dont do anything. Its not like they inflate to a degree that they look like a large balloon or something, looks more like a display of a mandril with the red butt

Alsp dawg who made the cooldown 45 seconds long 💔

[lunar dagger]

Again, applying mammalian standards to a dinosaur is unfair. This rendition makes sense, and you can tell that the artist didn’t intend for it to be inherently similar to a breast… It’s a herbivore about the size of its predator, Tarbosaurus. It makes sense that its display is smaller than birds and yet flashy enough to garner attention from possible mates. I imagine that it could be easily hidden. I think you should probably consider that you’re the only one seeing it this way.

[winter marsh]

ok ig

[plush fossil]

Idk what's going on but I can just tell you're fuming no hate

[winter marsh]

idk how to really respond to this tbh

[plush fossil]

You can respond by sending me a little kitty cat emoji
And a thal too

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/fish-puffer-fish-stare-meme-ocean-gif-11489829240534924995

[winter marsh]

https://tenor.com/view/komaru-explode-nuke-button-cat-gif-4127386105392241206

[plush fossil]

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/605788102975291414/1464173321892401162/image0.gif
Why do my gifs NEVER WORK

[ancient crystal]

What's going on here

[winter marsh]

guy didnt like me not liking nipple theri

[plush fossil]

fun if that's allowed

[winter marsh]

no fun allowed because it aint paleo related because paleontologists never have fun

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/put-your-hands-up-arresting-detaining-dont-move-pointing-gif-14538481

[winter marsh]

because u smell

[ancient crystal]

I once had someone tell me marine biology isn't a real job because whenever they see marine biologists work they seem to be happy

[plush fossil]

True😖

[light osprey]

The enormous clawed hands were too subtle

[fluid inlet]

Source ?

[winter marsh]

The Onion

[fluid inlet]

Will need a more credible source then that. Paper please.

[paper parcel]

Pufferfish freak me out.

[winter marsh]

Dawg what the hell

[tight kettle]

A general reminder to please keep this channel on-topic with paleontology, as well as being kind & respectful to other server members. Please review the pinned message for the channel guidelines, as well as the server #rules.

[winter marsh]

[paper parcel]

Is this true

[charred hearth]

didnt it have the same bite force as a type of fruit bat

[ancient crystal]

Well, relative is the important word here, and when talking about pterosaurs that means prey that weighs more than 10kg

[winter marsh]

So a child

[paper parcel]

Ah, so no thal bonebreak update? real shame

[ancient crystal]

No, no, thal will be able to combine with four other thals to create a mega pterazord

[paper parcel]

pyroraptor will be able to breath fire when it gets added.

[polar rain]

I got cooked by an ai dinosaur yt channel

I wrote a grumpy comment because I didn't even know anyone ran the account and they turned into shkespeare :P

[paper parcel]

Of all the things that should not be in the same sentence its definitely ai and dinosaur

[polar rain]

I dont think they know ai is harmful to the environment so Ill kindly tell them to not use it

[paper parcel]

they know, they just don't care.

[balmy oyster]

You haven’t gotten cooked, the dude probably just used AI for that too

Just say “had to use AI again skill issue” gg

[ancient crystal]

BEHOLD

SIN

[polar rain]

For the record I wrote "holy misinformation" cus they were comparing T. Rex with a crocodile in a fight

[balmy oyster]

It doesn’t even look good

[ancient crystal]

I know, it's truly awful

[polar rain]

I wrote an apology and explained what they got wrong

[zealous ravine]

Yes. Thalassodromeus was likely a terrestrial predator

[polar rain]

Heres the whole thing 😭

Now that I look at it those replies were probably chatgpt too

[jagged trellis]

the response looks ai as well dawg

[ancient crystal]

Lmao, thats the most, "erm, ChatGPT write an insult for this absolute meany that insulted my sick YT video" response I have ever seen

[jagged trellis]

what is the video even about may i ask beyond the croco and rex bit

[balmy oyster]

https://tenor.com/view/ts-tuff-huh-in-case-i-can't-find-it-gif-17489812066906410155

[polar rain]

That was kinda the whole short

[jagged trellis]

wow

[polar rain]

Doesnt even say who wins just hypes up the crocodile and ends the video with "who do you think would win"

[stiff osprey]

"I am sure to win because my water speed is superior" ~1t croc facing 10t croc-jawed predator

[ancient crystal]

Take comfort in the knowledge that YT is pulling the plug on the AI generated shorts, their owners are reporting massive drop offs in their analytics

Not to praise YT though, as they're also phasing out the custom subtitles feature in favor of forced AI generated subtitles...

[polar rain]

Real

[charred hearth]

what was the coldest formation that we have from the Mesozoic?

[paper parcel]

Perhaps the meteor should have missed

[wind prairie]

FFOOOOOooooOOOOoooOOOOOlll

[wind prairie]

oh that was SO written by AI 🥀

I'll slime them out with you

[ancient crystal]

You should see if they also send you an AI comment

[wind prairie]

oh wow did he remove the comment?

[polar rain]

Dang you searched it up?

[wind prairie]

https://tenor.com/view/i'm-bored-mr-boss-smiling-friends-this-is-boring-super-bored-gif-6386377643203833984

[ancient crystal]

Wait, you should write the exact same comment

[polar rain]

You a real one i respect you i like you marry me

[wind prairie]

I already wrote this but I guess I could change it lol

I changed it lmao

[ancient crystal]

And when they delete that one, someone else should write that same comment

[lunar dagger]

The chest’s colors would be in direct line of sight when observing the claws, plus it would be a good signal of dietary health since nutrients would be the cause of the bright blue. Also consider that its hands were more likely used to manipulate branches while feeding. It’s speculative biology, plus this really has nothing to do with what we were discussing

[polar rain]

Like an action movie franchise

Woah

[ancient crystal]

We slowly drive their AI using selves mad with our copy-paste unoriginality.

[wind prairie]

I thought about daring them to write a reply by themselves lol

[polar rain]

Oh my god you changed the comment to be the same thing as me 😭

[ancient crystal]

But the key is waiting for each previous comment to be deleted so it doesn't just look like random people copying another user

[polar rain]

To me my comment still shows up

[wind prairie]

I could say the cryptyrannus solos both. (favorite dinosaur ❤️)

[ancient crystal]

Might be because you wrote it, but if it doesn't appear to other users assumedly the creator has done something whether that be reported it or removed it

[ancient crystal]

Oh I remember this

[wind prairie]

I just love that thing

[ancient crystal]

Shame how such a cool animal gets overshadowed by other discoveries in the formation

[wind prairie]

fr- one of the coolest portrayals in a documentary too

[polar rain]

Wait thats a real dinosaur?

I thought he made a fictional species lol 😭

[paper parcel]

Living old paleoart.

[charred hearth]

i always wondered, how did theri defend itself from tarbo?

[ancient crystal]

It waddled swiftly away

[balmy oyster]

Just because the claws weren’t the best doesn’t mean they still can’t be used

[wind prairie]

then it waddled away, waddle waddle

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/slipping-penguin-funny-animals-cute-winter-gif-13064024

[charred hearth]

so the theri slap is still good?

https://tenor.com/view/tyrannosaurus-trex-fighting-dinosaur-gif-17293452

[balmy oyster]

No

From what I’ve seen, something like a closed handed stab would be more stable for the claws than randomly wailing them around

[outer tusk]

☝️

[full lagoon]

A closed handed stab you say? I wonder how that would look exactly..

[ancient crystal]

Well, squeeze your fingers together while they're straightened out and then jab

[full lagoon]

That seems.. very odd to employ as a defense mechanism.

[ancient crystal]

Well, its either that or the giant (likely not that fast) walking bowling pin has to try and run away from a tyrannosaur

[paper parcel]

they actually have long claws to draw runes in the ground to more effectively to cast spells/jk

[full lagoon]

I'm confused as to how a forward jab, which goes against the claw curvature, would be more effective than just raking their presumably sharp claws across something's body (Not necessarily a slap)

They could potentially target more sensitive areas to make something like that more effective as well

[balmy oyster]

It does but the whole animal itself is very odd. If your fingernail swords aren’t good at slashing might as well stab.

[full lagoon]

How does that work when the claws curve inwards?

[balmy oyster]

You’re not thinking it jabbed like a boxer or robot right?

[balmy oyster]

A study found that the slash & drag method would have put a lot of stress into the bone, and while I don’t recall it taking keratin into account it would still likely not be that great for such movement

A “fist” in a stab-like motion would lessen the stress put on the bone and still be effective for defense, even if theri’s claws aren’t the greatest for said defense in the first place

[full lagoon]

They way you described it made it somewhat confusing to know what you meant exacty

[balmy oyster]

Think of like, a right hook with a wolverine hand where the blades are slightly curved

[full lagoon]

Yeah I get it now

[balmy oyster]

Sweet

But yeah weird animal, maybe it couldn’t even do that and it was just good at only looking scary lol

[full lagoon]

I highly doubt that would be enough

[winter marsh]

br nt shkrpr (slow + reverb + quiet)

[balmy oyster]

Getting attacked by something like that wouldn’t be fun and could incentivize a predator to try going for something less murder-y looking

[full lagoon]

Fair, but lots of the prey carnivorous dinosaurs took on were both tough and intimidating

While there's no refuting the stress study, I'd think theres a bit more to it's claws in defense, whether it be the effects of soft tissue/keratin or some other sort of strategy (such as well targeted strikes.) I find it difficult to believe just "fear factor" would suffice.

[ancient crystal]

Tbf, bluffing can be an extraordinarily effective defense.

Little known fact about geese, but they're massive pushovers to anything that actually stands their ground, but that happens so little they get away with harassing and deterring just about anything that isn't dead set on attacking them.

[full lagoon]

Fair, but who knows how it would play out with something like a tarbosaurus?

[ancient crystal]

Well, a tarbosaurus isn't taller than a theri, so think about it like a giant (seemingly) heavily armed goose approaching you making whatever hellish noise they were likely to have made alongside a threat display.

Save for a starving, desparate tarbo, that might deter a less committed predator

[full lagoon]

https://tenor.com/view/morgan-freeman-true-morgan-freeman-true-nodding-gif-13973817878387504960

[outer tusk]

I get goose is just an analog but I just think a goose is pretty mundane to described therizinosaurus

[ancient crystal]

Well, I'd say something like rabid swan, but swans are NOT bluffing and do intend to and are capable of harming whatever it is that's earned their ire

[outer tusk]

rabid swan? sure

[charred hearth]

how #true is this ? https://www.deviantart.com/babyjay98/art/Debunking-Giganotosaurus-Taller-than-T-Rex-Myth-1290598325

[ancient crystal]

Considering I'm pretty sure the last anything said about giga in this channel was it being downsized, I'd say just by the title alone it is pretty accurate

[outer tusk]

I can't we still believe that a 300kg+ dip is a downsize

[ancient crystal]

Well, when you look in the search bar that seems to have been how everyone was treating it

[outer tusk]

yeah because people LOVE to overexaggerate so many thing that aren't worth getting worked up over

[foggy crypt]

I made art of a hypothetical polar spinosaur, and I'm curious, if the same forces that created polar bears were applied to a spinosaur, would it successfully evolve or go extinct?

[foggy crypt]

Oh and like this guy said, don't go crazy over it, just a modest yes or no and an explanation

[outer tusk]

there will never be a "yes or no" all the time with these either, given GDI or just 3D modeling can always vary between person to person and unless we get more publish material to make more discussions

[outer tusk]

cool spec evo spinosaur, uh what is it suppose to be really "where is it from", "which subfamily is it in", "what is it doing in the polar"

[native kindle]

unless there were seals (one of the most calorie dense animals you could find) it would probably go extinct

[foggy crypt]

Oh no I'm not modding or model, I just made art and wonder what if it was real

[outer tusk]

I know? I was just saying in general not for you only lol

[foggy crypt]

I'm still imagining it lol, got the idea from another server. And @native kindle-oh ok

[outer tusk]

well again where is it suppose to be in

[foggy crypt]

Maybe some very northern yet mid sized spino, like Baryonyx or Ichtyovenator

Maybe have it evolved so its size will be on par with carno or maip.

Again I'm still imagining this guy lol

[outer tusk]

so which one is it gonan be a Baryonychinae or a spinosaurinae?

[foggy crypt]

Whoa slow down man, I'll choose, I'm only thinking this up just cause I can hehe

[native kindle]

if you're trying to make it work in the current day artics it'd just die. for the mesozoic poles, depending on the time period those are just normal environments

[charred hearth]

there is a way for it to survive.

[foggy crypt]

Just a thought I'd like to do, plus places like Alaska and Southern Australia were cold in the cretaceous

[native kindle]

cold, not complete sheets of ice spanning an entire continent with the only large prey being walrus. pretty major difference

[charred hearth]

the only way it can survive is by turning into the scrapped giant spinosaurus from jw:rebirth and eat whales for breakfest lunch and dessert

[foggy crypt]

Brilliant!

[native kindle]

it wouldn't really be a "polar bear" in that case then it'd just be a cold climate oceanic predator, which is certainly awesome

[charred hearth]

i still cant believe they considered a kaiju spinosaurus for the film

[foggy crypt]

You have a point, my version would be like a penguin, occasionally entering the sea to snatch anything it wanted to eat. It would also occasionally hunt prey on land as it's a bit more bulkier than spinos before it.

[charred hearth]

how big exactly would it be?

[foggy crypt]

Maybe it should be a Baryonyx, it's the more northern spinosaur I know, plus I don't want it too have a to ridged back

[native kindle]

"like a penguin" and "occasionally hunts prey on land" is an oxymoronic statement

[foggy crypt]

Similar to carno or maip

[outer tusk]

so 2 tonnes

[charred hearth]

is that the largest terrestrial animal in the artic or is the musk ox bigger?

[stiff osprey]

musk ox are tiny

[foggy crypt]

Ok, Kui and Rose makes some good points, forget the swimming portion. It's still semi aquatic, but it uses the hippo method, walking on the bottom of seas and large bodies of water, searching for crustaceans, mollusk, corpses of long dead marine animals, and any poor fish that notice it too late, come winter, it hunts purely on land as the water is too cold and getting it's feathers too soaked will increase the risk of hypothermia.

[charred hearth]

really? i always viewed as like, well, bison size

[stiff osprey]

they weigh 200-400 kg

which is a fairly impressive weight when you remember they are not bovines at all, but goats

[outer tusk]

so how old is this spinosaur, like Cenomanian or older

[charred hearth]

THEIR GOATS?

[outer tusk]

likely their large size mainly come from how the camera is shot in alot of those videos making them appear larger than actually

[ancient crystal]

I love misnomers like that

Whoever figured that out probably was like

[stiff osprey]

goat wanted to be cow

[charred hearth]

why am i watching a man in a polar bear outfit scare them

[foggy crypt]

Younger, maastrichtian, like 70 or less

[charred hearth]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvQkBC2kTeI

[foggy crypt]

Poor ox

[outer tusk]

so you should def reference animals like Ichthyovenator, Spinosaurus, Irritator, and prob Camarillasaurus

[foggy crypt]

I'ma turn in for today, night guys! Nice talking about something that never existed. XD

[winter marsh]

ts cant be fr. I swear they dwarved wolves. In here it just looks like a single wolf can maul one apart with ease 😭

they look so stubby too, why must they ruin animals like this

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/facepalm-headache-dead-inside-head-bang-squidward-gif-16462670

[charred hearth]

who's they? ToT

[ancient crystal]

Big paleo who are coming for the musk ox

[winter marsh]

musk ox

[charred hearth]

okay but knowing they lived with mammoths makes them so much cooler

[stiff osprey]

Also makes the mammoth look like a kaiju because muskox inherently look big

[ancient crystal]

Yeah, I thought they were bison sized

[winter marsh]

I think the musk oxes are upsized in this too

[charred hearth]

mammoths hang out with musk oxs so they can flex their size and appear much bigger

[winter marsh]

unless the girl in ts is like 2 meters tall

[charred hearth]

anyone wanna do a visual of a mammoth and musk oxs size difference?

[winter marsh]

considering the girl's size, she would almost hit the base of the tusks, which is insane

[balmy oyster]

She does look kinda tall ngl

[winter marsh]

either that girl is huge or muskox are tiny, and I am convinced she is a giant trying to fool us all

[ancient crystal]

She seems pretty tall

[full lagoon]

Related to mountain goats by any chance?

[winter marsh]

mountain goats are antelopes iirc

[full lagoon]

Yeah I'm wondering if they are something similar and not true goats

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/jontron-what-excuse-me-confused-gif-15932709

[outer tusk]

Anteoples aren't goats but they are bovid

[charred hearth]

so musk ox's arent boviod but are goats
but mountain goats arent goats but are bovids?

my life is like , a lie..

[full lagoon]

They are both on the same subfamily that includes goats according to Wikipedia

[ancient crystal]

I'm a marine biologist who only learned that bottle nose whales exist today, so I know how you feel

[charred hearth]

why does it look like that 😭

[winter marsh]

they look like a dolphin and a sperm whale's newborn child

[charred hearth]

their a type of beaked whale right?

[full lagoon]

Caprine animals are bovids technically

[ancient crystal]

Yes

[charred hearth]

im getting confused

[full lagoon]

Bovidae includes goats

[ancient crystal]

And I would have been blessed with the knowledge of their existence a lot sooner if my university spent more time on megafauna and less time on MICROSCOPIC NOBODIES

[charred hearth]

hey, hop off of water bears

[winter marsh]

we discovered a new microorganism, nanomegasuperhyperdangerousdonotunfreezedisease kawaii frozen under a thick sheet of ice, and we are hoping we can melt the ice and ressucitate it!

[full lagoon]

Includes antelope btw too

[ancient crystal]

No, I have been subject to three and a half miserable years of marine microbiology because my university employs a grand total of two vertebrate biologists and one macro invertebrate biologist

[winter marsh]

all hooved animals are related technically

[full lagoon]

True..

[compact leaf]

mountain goats and musk oxen are both caprines, caprinae is the subfamily that includes goats

[charred hearth]

oh alright, thank you

[compact leaf]

the idea that it isn’t a goat probably comes from it not being a “true goat” which is anything in the genus Capra

but as far as I’m concerned the whole subfamily are goats because it’s easier that way

[ancient crystal]

You've heard of the no true scotsman fallacy, now get ready for the no true musk ox fallacy

[paper parcel]

edmontosaurus, hadrosaurs

[winter marsh]

yes, hadrosaurs and horse are related. Everyone knows that

[ancient crystal]

Through the mighty Tiktaalik, we vertebrates all are united

[charred hearth]

https://tenor.com/view/tiktaalik-play-toys-toys-play-toys-with-me-gif-16993422807984392697

[paper parcel]

Throught the power of the ancient TikTaalik ways, I shall ascend to sauropodomorpha.🪄

[stark spade]

imagine naming an animal after sperm in your language

[little mauve]

Cool new paper comparing the teeth of Ceratosaurus to machairodont cats https://www.researchgate.net/publication/400054043_A_MORRISON_SABER-TOOTH_-COMPARISON_OF_CERATOSAURUS_DENTITION_TO_OTHER_THEROPODS_AND_MACHAIRODONTINAE_AND_ITS_IMPLICATIONS_FOR_CERATOSAURUS_PREDATORY_ECOLOGY

[wind prairie]

pretty epic

[balmy oyster]

fhgfhghfghfughihghwHGWihfwhfHWhbh

[queen oar]

tbh, this would be epic if it existed

[balmy oyster]

lol

[bitter quest]

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/400050523_THE_LARGEST_REPORTED_STEGOSAURID_FROM_THE_MORRISON_FORMATION_UPPER_JURASSIC

[charred hearth]

@hallow spear your time has come

[bitter quest]

New giant stegosaurus specimen apparently

[charred hearth]

how big is it?

[bitter quest]

Says in the paper

[balmy oyster]

• a handful of others

[thorn grove]

this is a different specimen than the big tibia too, right?

[charred hearth]

so 7 tons? wasnt apex 8 tons?

[balmy oyster]

not sure how it got that huge, but its more around ~5t or less tmk

[dapper dock]

Ay bro y’all remember that one scene in chaos theory where the atrociraptor gives an assist to his boy

[floral ivy]

So back to the Large Rajasaurus.

[sullen cairn]

while its true lametasaurus has a wide tibia (35.5cm circumference vs 36.7cm in pycnonemosaurus) this is somewhat contextualized by the fact it is a) only 15% wider in distal width than the 6-7m rajasaurus holotype, and b) being 30cm shorter in total length than pycnonemosaurus's tibia

[floral ivy]

Not really, at the shaft both Lametasaurus and Pycnonemosaurus have a width of 10 cm

[sullen cairn]

they're similar yeah but that seems to be moreso because rajasaurus has a proportionally wide tibia

ie as a more concrete example rajasaurus' holotype has a 193mm tibia distal width vs 183 in ekrixinatosaurus despite the latter having larger vertebrae

[runic rover]

Amphicoelias my beloved 🥲😩

[floral ivy]

Yes but Lametasaurus tibia has a minimum circumference of 35.5 cm, which would mean the tibia would be hecka stocky.

[undone rapids]

9200 kg lametasaurus, amazing

[ionic crescent]

Ah yes, the Pacu fish ate what humans eat cause their teeth are similar (even tho everything else is different)

[sudden wind]

BOTTLENOSE BEAKED WHALE MENTIONNED

[sudden wind]

What do you mean you don't love to learn everything there is to know about biofilms, phytoplankton, holobiontes and larvae?

[hallow spear]

It isn’t stegosaurus but it’s pretty big. It does seem to have a proportionally big humerus relative to the lower leg

[tawdry lintel]

Could it be that Megalanias actually didn't predate their offspring like Komodos do ?

[ancient crystal]

I mean, once you've learned about it once, you've learned about it a thousand times

[winter marsh]

Ik there is a funny story behinf butt but I forgot

[compact leaf]

every class hammering phylogeny into my skull:

[tawdry lintel]

How big were real Didelphodons ?

[outer tusk]

what

[tawdry lintel]

I couldn't really find trustworthy sources about the size of Didelphodon Vorax, like the actual animal not the game one

[stiff osprey]

Like the size of the largest house cats, but shorter legged

(Why is the cat breed name censored?)

[tawdry lintel]

Dayum, that big ? Thanks

[sudden wind]

Yet it is like the biggest part of researches in marine bio

[stiff osprey]

Up to 6kg to be precise

[queen oar]

What if it was Stegosaurus but cooler?

Like there's Stegosaurus and then there's " Cool Stegosaurus "

[outer tusk]

okay, GSP

[light osprey]

I would not be surprised in D. vorax could be heavier than even slightly more recent estimates, semi-aquatic mammals are quite dense

[ancient crystal]

Sure it is, and I appreciate how vital they are to marine ecosystems.

But that doesn't make me care about them anymore than I do. Charismatic megafauna are cool actually, and no amount of, "oh, but the world of plankton is like a whole 'nother universe 🥹 🥹 " is going to get me to change my mind.

[little mauve]

Pacu don't have canines or incisors and humans use their molars to crush seeds so there is convergence there. Don't really see your reasoning, are you saying teeth aren't useful for comparative anatomy?

[queen oar]

Hell, what if there is another Stegosaurus, and it's like " Radical Stegosaurus " ?

[ancient crystal]

I'm sure if you looked close enough you could see evidence that no one else found to support this idea

[queen oar]

Hell, what if there is a Stegosaurus who's just called " Larry " ?

[ancient crystal]

Perhaps a few micron wide scrapes in the rock shall completely upend all the established science and you'll be hailed as a hero

[ionic crescent]

I mean that only morphological wise are comparable, but the functionality is completely different on both cases

Sabertooth canines were kinda fragile while Ceratosaurus' teeth weren't

[queen oar]

what would you think if someone in this chat found a new species of Stegosaurus and convinced any of the researchers in charge of describing it to name the species in your honor?

[outer tusk]

they would have to make one hella of a convince if they're letting someone get the honor to new the species instead of the person/people actually describing it

[queen oar]

in this hypothetical, the person has super-powers where their super-power is that they can make a really REALLY convincing argument.

[outer tusk]

https://tenor.com/view/thanos-reality-disappointing-truth-gif-13935027

[queen oar]

@outer tusk You know what is disappointing?

You didn't draw " Larry, the Stegosaurus "

[stiff osprey]

Pacu mainly eat fruits, seeds and nuts, notorious for being major parts of the hominid diet

And sabertooth teeth are as resistant as theropod teeth, if not more so. Theropods simply replace their teeth when they break

[little mauve]

Beat me to it

[ionic crescent]

Hm, I swore sabertooth sabers were once said to be extremely fragile, therefore only used for final blows when prey was pinned

My b I guess

[little mauve]

They were somewhat prone to breakage but I don't see what bearing that has on the discussion

[stiff osprey]

They're relatively weak to side to side forces because of how long and thin they are, but the same applies to theropod teeth, the only difference is if a sabertooth breaks its teeth it dies

[little mauve]

Ceratosaurus also has particularly compressed teeth as well

[queen oar]

Did you know that there are Three Ceratosauruses?

[ancient crystal]

Mammals sure do love going the "oh all my teeth are worn down, guess I'll starve" route

[queen oar]

They are called, " Sausage ", " Pepperoni " and " Hot Dog ".

[ionic crescent]

Cause if they weren't as resistant as, making such comparison is kinda pointless imo

Cause like, you'll be comparing something on a niche based on the looks alone and not the whole pack

But if sabertooth sabers had a similar endurance and stats, then it's my b

[little mauve]

It's apples and oranges when factor in that theropods continuously replaced teeth

[ionic crescent]

Yes but remember what I said before, I was under the assumption that sabers were way more fragile (and more niche scenario) than theropod teeth

That's why lol

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/when-dinosaurs-roamed-america-utah-stegosaurus-ceratosaurus-dinosaurs-gif-14945171738377889649

[queen oar]

Now it's only Pepperoni and Hot Dog.

[little mauve]

Got it, no problem, it's an interesting paper i recommend reading it. I think a stronger difference is forelimb utilization, machairodonts were pinning and grappling stuff whereas ceratosaurus probably wasnt using its hands for much of anything

[ionic crescent]

And I read it, it's why I was confused about the usage in the comparison graphics of the sabers lol

But hey, mistakes were made (I mean myself)

[queen oar]

hey Venator, what if we found a Jurassic Dromaeosauridae, and named it " Jurassicoraptor " ?

[outer tusk]

that would be the stupidest name yet for a dinosaur am gonna honest

[queen oar]

That spot is already taken, I believe.

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/dexter-dexter-morgan-dump-body-dump-body-gif-8291750939919893058

[queen oar]

Hey Venator, what if we found teeth of unknown affinities from the Middle Jurassic and decided to name that " Mesozoicodon " ?

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/facepalm-headache-dead-inside-head-bang-squidward-gif-16462670

[queen oar]

Hey Venator, what if a North American paleontologist found another medium-sized Theropod and named it " Thanathovenator " ?

Hey guys, what do y'all think of this green dinosaur? It's paleontology-related because it's a Dinosaur and then someone will follow with a question like " Could Dinosaurs be green in the Mesozoic? "
https://fxtwitter.com/hatrichan/status/2014680584854110546?s=20

Saty (@hatrichan)

エボシドリちゃんのあくび☺️
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FxTwitter · Jan 23, 2026, 12:44 PM

[polar rain]

How about my green T. Rex lol

[gleaming talon]

I think the best names for dinosaurs are either the carcharodontosaurids like
Meraxis gigas or tyrannotitan
Or a raptor called archeroraptor (Acheron plunderer)

[queen oar]

" What IF it was purple! "

[polar rain]

Wait you gave an idea

[gleaming talon]

Also if we doing palaeontology then don’t forget Bangiomorpha pubescens

[drifting condor]

The answer to protoceratops vs velociraptor

[ancient crystal]

Shifting sand dune stomps

[drifting condor]

Would you like to see any other battles?

[hallow spear]

its probably closewd to dacentrurus

[outer tusk]

Would you ever scale it to Dacent though?

[polar rain]

10 argentinosaurus vs 1 compsognathus

[hallow spear]

wdym

[outer tusk]

the femur

[hallow spear]

it doesnt preserve a femur, so no & the estimated femur length is basedo n Hesperosaurus & Stegosaurus + some indet specimens

[compact leaf]

does alcovasaurus have a femur?

[plush fossil]

What game is this again? I swear I used to have it

[drifting condor]

I can't tell

[plush fossil]

Why not?

[drifting condor]

I wont be special

[plush fossil]

Dm me it then

[hallow spear]

yes, it doesnt preserve any overlap with the 1095 specimen tho

[fossil ingot]

https://www.instagram.com/reel/DT8C9fuiYv7/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ==
Peak Rex moement

fossilcrates

World Premiere of the skull of Valerie!

Meet Valerie, a Late Cretaceous sub-adult Tyrannosaurus from South Dakota, laden with pathologies. Twas found by Anthony Maltese of Triebold Paleontology in 2022, thus the specimen number 22-014. The name Valerie honors Anthony’s wife.

I love how this cast shows off the original elements. Too often one...

Likes

142

Instagram

[paper parcel]

Spiky noodles are peak

[charred hearth]

so its a new stegosaurid that rivals dace in size?

[balmy oyster]

How is it not stegosaurus

[hallow spear]

Isn’t consistent with stegosaurus morphology, plus it’s never been reffered to stegosaurus prior to this study

[charred hearth]

is that apato or bronto btw?

[hallow spear]

Something like that yeah

[polar rain]

ARBS

Why is he acting like only he knows it i used to see videos of that game all the time in 2024

[fluid inlet]

i come to you boys to find out , were a lot of theropod tails strictly balance purpose or could have and did they use their tails for defending themselves.

[winter marsh]

I think having a huge mouth full of teeth and with the power of an hydraulic press would resolve most of their problems

[undone rapids]

Unless its for like shooing away much smaller animals, yeah exposing your relatively weaker backside to another large animal isn't a good idea. The base of the tail is also where big leg muscles are, so if that gets bitten its in a very very bad position.

[winter marsh]

I do wonder if any smaller theropods used their tail as a defensive mechanism similar to a whip, kinda like how monitor lizards and iguanas do it

[fluid inlet]

just wondering

like torvosaurus wouldnt of used its tail at all to give something a good smack?

like check the tail on this guy

[outer tusk]

that's pretty average for a theropod tail give they need it for counter balance

[hazy basalt]

To put things into perspective, a theropod probably wouldn’t choose to use its tail over its mouth and claws but it probably could use its tail to give a good smack if something crept up on it.

[fluid inlet]

exactly my thoughts , anything coming up behind it

[undone rapids]

Feel like it'd usually just be an unintentional little smack while its turning around to face the thingie that snuck up on it.

[fluid inlet]

possible or could be a very swift , strong smack while turning as well , who knows.

[bright veldt]

Theropod tails tend to be rather important. The base especially contains a lot of muscles that power the legs. Not exactly something they want to risk getting bitten.

[polar rain]

Wtf no way it was that big

[fluid inlet]

mines bigger

[brave nova]

This one is missing some leg cartilage so it would be 10cm taller give or take

[polar rain]

WHAT

[fluid inlet]

well not if hes missing his legs duh ?

[polar rain]

Whats scarier is that T. Rex is somehow like 10x larger than this

[fluid inlet]

10x larger ? no but def really robust.

[stiff osprey]

the legendary 40-50 ton t.rex

[tough parcel]

Ohhh Bertha!

[halcyon cobalt]

it’s ten times larger but just in height

[undone rapids]

30 Meters Tall Rex!!!

I always knew it felt a bit short

[paper parcel]

when you mess up in spore creature editor

[fluid inlet]

Giga taller

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/doctor-who-no-not-anymore-not-anymore-no-david-tennant-doctor-who-gif-26007516

[fluid inlet]

Whatever helps u sleep at night Timothy jr

[full lagoon]

Does anybody have more details on what we think the neck of the Amargasaurus looks like now?

[paper parcel]

Pretty sure amargasaurus had sails

[fluid inlet]

https://tenor.com/view/rubbing-paper-on-the-face-bradley-hall-feeling-the-paper-feeling-the-texture-gif-10397244989967354832

[polar rain]

Hell yeah

[full lagoon]

Dude what is this even supposed to mean?

[fluid inlet]

Smooth skin

[polar rain]

Omg you just gave me the best idea ever kratos T. Rex I have to draw that asap

[polar rain]

What if it was really skinny membrane sails like basilisk-lizards

[paper parcel]

Yeah that seems about right, plus the spikes lacked keratin, and were not that thick

[full lagoon]

I've heard some sources claim it was even more hump-like?

[polar rain]

Yayyy

[fossil ingot]

[polar rain]

Seems about right

[paper parcel]

see the similarities?

[fossil ingot]

Its a Thick Neck

[polar rain]

Yo tf that's just a tiny amargasaurus

[bright veldt]

It has sails, and they were thick structures. The spines existed to support the ligaments that control the neck.

[fossil ingot]

Similar to Dacreo

[polar rain]

How about with spinosaurus? Mark Witton draws spinosaurus with a membrane sail and tail its weird, i really like his art tho

[fossil ingot]

Here a Good Representation of Amarga

[fossil ingot]

Spino is Spino

[paper parcel]

Idk why people portray amargasaurus with those tiny spikes as weapons, its like if dimtrodon just had a ton of pianokey sized spikes it used to play music as a attack

[tough parcel]

Why do you think they had 5 fingers...

I was reading that

[stuck chasm]

@polar rain Hello! Let's please be respectful of others when participating in this Discord, as per our #rules.

[fossil ingot]

Someone give Giga long legs
Actually Nvm, I don't want Giga with Meraxes Proportions...

[ancient crystal]

This ALWAYS happens to me

I want to read the drama as much as I want to talk about the funny giant lizards

[hardy sentinel]

yall ever be studying paleontology and well... heh, you know the rest

[polar rain]

Djde I didnt even say anyrhing disrespectful 😔💔

[charred hearth]

a beautiful animal.

[polar rain]

Fine Ill be nicer about my really rude friend

[polar rain]

So in other words, I have a friend who has really biased opinions about spinosaurus, for example, he hates spinosaurid lips, a sail shaped like a semi-oval instead of an M, etc. And I was wondering if there's anything wrong with drawing spinosaurus with membrane-like sails because mark witton does it

Uhhh is that nice enough

[hardy sentinel]

improved it

[polar rain]

No way is that he-man

[full lagoon]

Thanks for this!

[polar rain]

How much yall wanna bet I can make a more accurate amargasaurus🤑

[empty vapor]

I hate the movieification of the velociraptor it’s genuinely so annoying when I talk about a velociraptor and people are like oh you mean the 6 foot scaly reptile.

[polar rain]

Lwk just start saying velociraptor mongoliensis and raptor

[ancient crystal]

30 years in the public conscious will do that

[empty vapor]

Yea the movie version of the velociraptor is closer to a utahraptor. But the scaly reptile part would still be hilariously incorrect

[full lagoon]

Isn't it more like, in between a Utahraptor and Deinonychus? I think Utahraptor is actually larger.

[empty vapor]

Yea true

What I hate even more is how much Jurassic Park ruined how absolutely terrifying the Dilophosaurus actually was in the Jurassic period

[polar rain]

Utahraptor is larger than a freakin polar bear dude

[ancient crystal]

Jurassic Park the movie did that

[full lagoon]

But yeah, unfortunately the real velociraptor has never really had much interest among people, even in the past

[fossil ingot]

I mean
Better than Giving it Meraxes Leg proportions

[empty vapor]

Yes but the book still had the venom spitting part

[ancient crystal]

Ok, lets also not pretend creative liberty is a bad thing. It was a horror book, liberties were going to be taken.

[full lagoon]

To be fair (most) of the dinosaurs in that franchise canonically deviate from their real life variants genetically

[polar rain]

Doesnt matter book dilophosaurus was still terrifying af they made it accurate to irl dilophosaurus regardless of venom or not

[fossil ingot]

I mean
Taller yes, but its not as Heavy
Prob about the weight as an Average Polar Bear tho

[empty vapor]

True ig but the Dilophosaurus was already terrifying in the Jurassic period as is there really was no reason to change it.

[full lagoon]

This was the excuse until Dominion said their absolutely absurd looking dinosaurs were genetically pure

[ancient crystal]

Jurassic World beat it over our head with a several minute long dialogue between Wu and Masrani, but people still both expect Jurassic franchise designs to keep up with the current science or go into the films thinking the dinosaurs are accurate

[full lagoon]

Yeah, and I personally enjoyed that part of the movie a lot

[ancient crystal]

It wasn't an excuse, it was a plot point from the very beginning. Dominion screwed up a whole lot, including that

[full lagoon]

Fair, excuse is a strong word

[empty vapor]

I love the Jurassic movies but they really are inaccurate but the one positive is that they showed that spinosaurus could swim a couple years before that was scientifically accepted

[full lagoon]

It's honestly really insane watching the franchise fall off with the last two. They completely just disregarded even half-decent writing.

[ancient crystal]

It isn't really a but anything.

The jurassic movies can be loved even as they're innacurate. Their scientific inaccuracy takes away absolutely nothing from their merit as films

The crappy writing is what does that

[full lagoon]

I don't understand how these people have no ideas about how to make an interesting dinosaur flick

[charred hearth]

i would've loved the scrapped kaiju spinosaurus that was sadly cute from jurassic world rebirth

[full lagoon]

Wouldn't have made the film any better though by itself

[ancient crystal]

Me personally, I really like Tyrannosaurus, and I also like the Tyrannosaurus design in JP regardless of accuracy.

As far as JP goes, accuracy literally doesn't matter (to an extent of course)

[polar rain]

Im pretty sure utahraptor wasnt that small

[charred hearth]

are you sure thats the correct size?

[empty vapor]

I agree I’m just pointing out how inaccurate they are considering as a kid I thought it was the most realistic stuff ever lol. Also I would say the crappy writing started with fallen kingdom

[ancient crystal]

Personally I'm glad they switched it to mosa. JWR mosa is peak.

The problem with spino is that JP spino fans are a cancer and giving them this would not do anyone any good.

[polar rain]

No, I know its taller than a polar bear tho

[fossil ingot]

Utah isn't THAT long
Its about 5.2m Along the Centra
Also what I shared thats Scaled to the Largest Utah

[full lagoon]

The mosasaur was probably my favorite thing visually and audially, regardless of the overall film

[ancient crystal]

Oh yeah, that whole part of the film was pretty good. It was when they got on the actual island that the movie started to fall apart

[fossil ingot]

Here a Drawing of the Skeletal I showed(which is just Hartmans Utah)
With the Updated Museum Skull

[polar rain]

Oh ok, i remember finding a photo of a guy next to a life-size utahraptor skull and it appeared absolutely huge, I thinkit was just perspective

[fossil ingot]

Utah IS Taller than a Polar Bear
But Utah is like 450-500kgs with its Largest Specimen
Which is about that of an Average Polar Bear

[full lagoon]

I love the soft tissue and arm posture on this

[empty vapor]

Funny story time when I was younger I had amber that I got from a museum. One night when I was like 5 or so I decided to smash the amber to “revive the dinosaurs’ I proceeded to wake up the following morning when my mom was yelling at me for destroying her table. My method of recreating the Dino’s was I kid you not smashing amber to bits with a rock on an antique table.

[fossil ingot]

@tough parcel the Goat made this

[polar rain]

Having the same weight as a polar bear is still scary af tbh

[charred hearth]

thoughts on it being shoni instead?

[full lagoon]

The lack of excessive modern bird bias is what makes it great I think

[charred hearth]

i do wish we got to see other marine reptiles instead of just mosa in jurassic world films

[ancient crystal]

no...

[fossil ingot]

True

[full lagoon]

This species would probably better explain why it didn't just kill everyone though

[empty vapor]

I to this day am still distraught by the fact that I destroyed such good quality amber😭

[charred hearth]

#justiceforshoni

[polar rain]

I saw the drawing on twitter before you showed it and really liked it I didnt expect the guy to actually be in this server 😭

[ancient crystal]

It just doesn't work in an antagonistic role ngl

[charred hearth]

true, i feel like you'd be seeing it more in a graceful and docile way like a whale

[full lagoon]

At the same time though it would explain why the thing was less enthusiastic to just eat everyone on the boat instead of swimming off (The movie tried to explain it as intimidation instead of pure predation)

[ancient crystal]

Actually, just give the shoni brain worms, problem solved

[polar rain]

Why is this guy followed by so many other paleoartists I follow 😭

[tough parcel]

https://tenor.com/view/my-army-bowser-jack-black-the-super-mario-bros-movie-my-squad-gif-4505777042547220927

[polar rain]

RJ PALMER TOO?!!

[charred hearth]

how many original dinosaurs even appeared in jwr?
i can think of the 2 hybrids, aquilops and titanosaur

[ancient crystal]

I'd call the spino and mosa half original, as they're complete design revamps given a different role than previous films

[full lagoon]

Not a dinosaur but anurognathus and some kind of amphibian appeared

[charred hearth]

did anurognathus do anything or was it kinda just a cameo? or a background dinosaur like cory

[polar rain]

Cameo

[full lagoon]

Background, same with the amphibian

[ancient crystal]

It was on screen for like 10 seconds

[charred hearth]

they designed it like this with ill intent.

[ancient crystal]

Hey look its that damned lizard that steals 600 dollars from me monthly

[charred hearth]

https://tenor.com/view/good-one-nice-touche-geico-gecko-gif-21898828

[full lagoon]

The amphibian in that one scene by itself was nice because it made it seem like it was almost a separate film

[ancient crystal]

Save 15% or more on car insurance my ass

[charred hearth]

what could this possiblely have been

[ancient crystal]

Awsomebroamphibius

[tough parcel]

Level 40 Ichthyostega from JW: The Game