paleontology

[outer tusk]

WHAT

[charred hearth]

and is the jw saga good

[undone parcel]

depends, to me yes, to most no

[outer tusk]

GNG WHAT THE HELL DID I JUST READ WITH MY OWN MOUTH

[compact leaf]

the thing that bugged me the most about the books may be that the scientist character knew the names of every dinosaur
(it’s not it was the giraffatitan scene)

[charred hearth]

what was the giraffatitan scene?

[stiff osprey]

"what is that, comrade"
"a utahraptor..."
"the hell's a utahraptor"
"i don't know they aren't going to name it for another 30 years"

[thorn grove]

oh there's like a whole genre of these

[tough parcel]

Paleo chat, this is my tribute to Utahraptor, I hope it's good enough

[compact leaf]

an adult giraffatitan basically just stands there and gets eaten by a carch, after that same carch gets demolished by a pachyrhinosaurus earlier in the book

[stiff osprey]

this isn't one of those dinosaur romance books, i am literally screenshoting the primitive war book

[charred hearth]

like, it just stood there and did nothing??

[tough parcel]

This is because much like the woolly mammoth, the woolly Pachyrhinosaurus was in musth

[compact leaf]

essentially yes

[charred hearth]

!?!

[crystal dock]

Offtopic just thought this would be funny for some reason

Context is JWR quetz

[stiff osprey]

that same carch who killed the giraffatitan later gets unceremoniously torn apart by the utahraptors

[compact leaf]

the second book is not good

[opaque kayak]

My honest reaction:

[stiff osprey]

That is also in the primitive war novel, it's not edited

[outer tusk]

I keep seeing this image and idk if this an actually good front view of Utah or just a weird reptilian humanoid

[charred hearth]

it looks like a ape

[outer tusk]

Also for some reason that image just pmo SO MUCH

[tough parcel]

Probably because it looks like they widened the snout/removed the eyebrows to make it appear more human-like

[charred hearth]

why is there only plesiosaur cryptids, why no pliosaurs?

[balmy oyster]

Cus they all died long before the Cretaceous extinction

[charred hearth]

then why is there no rex crpytid

atleast those troodontid / dromeosaurid cryptids

[outer tusk]

technically there are if you count those unoffical Kasai rex ones

[charred hearth]

there are offical cryptids?

[outer tusk]

yes gng

[stiff osprey]

the partridge creek beast also could be a tyrannosaur although think it's a more primitive one

[undone parcel]

partridge creek i usually see as a ceratosaur

[outer tusk]

OH THIS GUY

[undone parcel]

yea it just depends if the nasal horns a horn or some elaborate nasal structure

[outer tusk]

Which figure is better ig

[charred hearth]

can i theroretically make my own cryptid?

[undone parcel]

theoretically yes but the internet will learn its fake, Kasai rex was a internet hoax

[tough parcel]

Ah yes, Kasai Rex, the famous Internet hoax from 1932

[charred hearth]

what was shoni's main prey?

[tough parcel]

I suspect Pantz would make smth more convincing than this anyways

@charred hearth Likely any large prey in the area

[undone parcel]

im just saying it wouldnt be forever

[charred hearth]

vhs horror series of oceanic life and boats being attacked by a unknown predator that make noises like a foghorn...

[tough parcel]

I'm mainly pointing out that your information of it being an Internet hoax is incredibly wrong

But also I've seen people pass off the Weird Birds photo as a cryptid sighting so

[outer tusk]

If Partridge Creek was any tyrannosaurs based on it being from Canada I would suspect it would be closest to a Subadult Tyrannosaurus rex, Albertosaurus, Daspletosaurus or Thanatotheristes ( imagine Dan Folkes Daspletosaurus is Thanatho )

[undone parcel]

theres uh..whats the kaiju movie with a monster that makes foghorn noises

[stiff osprey]

I like this one

Also lmfao the guy who "sighted" Kasai Rex was named John Johnson

[charred hearth]

pt apato's calls inspired

[undone parcel]

john johnson, themost fake name

[tough parcel]

Do you have any idea how little that narrows it down? The most famous example are the tripods from War of the Worlds

[undone parcel]

its korean i think and is like within 10 years old, like the monsters whole design is around sounding like a foghorn

[stiff osprey]

kaiju that sounds like a fog horn
not mentioning The Fog Horn (1951)

[undone parcel]

Howl from beyond the Fog thats it

[tough parcel]

This is because before 1954, kaiju did not exist!

[charred hearth]

could y'all see the idea behind shoni making pt apato calls?

[stiff osprey]

Actually heartbreaking story from the monster's point of view btw

[undone parcel]

i thinnnk Howl from beyind the fog may be a modern version of the foghorn

[tough parcel]

Just read the synopsis and wow, that is heartbreaking

[outer tusk]

Custer

[undone parcel]

is custer one of these oddball rex heads

[outer tusk]

Nah, he's the most NORMAL one

Tristan, Custer, Mcareensis, Holotype ( Scotty and Sue soon ) | all by SirBlameson

[undone parcel]

calling any rex normal..

[tough parcel]

All rexes are normal, the problem is fossilization does not take kindly to organic material

[outer tusk]

☝️

[undone parcel]

ok but arent some skulls just wonky shaped individually like tristian otto

[charred hearth]

how useful are therapod tails for balance?

[tough parcel]

Fossilization does not take kindly to organic material and some people are bad at reconstruction

@charred hearth Vital, they die without it

[outer tusk]

I almost forgot Franoys did a Tristan skull, actuall beauty

[undone parcel]

ok but im just saying..it is..funky from the side compared to other rex skulls

[outer tusk]

Because real goats aren't like the others!

[charred hearth]

could a large ceratopsian live without its tail?

[balmy oyster]

Some skulls get completely pulverized apart so reconstructing them will always get varied results

[undone parcel]

if Wyrex lived a decent while missing 75% of its tail, i think a ceratopsians fine

[warped peak]

Did it live a "decent" while

[tough parcel]

The problem is there's no guarantee the tail loss was pre- or post-mortem because (TMK) the Black Hills Institute won't release it but most paleontologists seem to support the tail being lost after death

@charred hearth Probably, it might have trouble walking depending on the amount lost because all non-avian dinosaurs have crucial locomotor muscles in their tails but otherwise, probably not bad

[undone parcel]

i thought the general agreement it was during life but was a massive contribution to death

[last adder]

That's what I thought too tbh.

[undone parcel]

i aint saying it lived years maybe a year max in the best case scenario, but i was under the impression the tails ripped off, and now it succumbs to malnutrition, horrific infection, or being outcompeted

[tough parcel]

WAIT WAIT I lied

We do have evidence it healed so it was lost during life but it definitely wasn't long

[charred hearth]

p

[ancient crystal]

Ok so why did I see utahraptor erotic writing a few scrolls up

[crystal dock]

This is Path Of Titans, this is pretty normal if you ask me

[tough parcel]

The bone growth doesn't seem as extensive as other injuries that show marked improvement so

@ancient crystal it's an excerpt from Primitive War

[ancient crystal]

Unfortunately you're right

[warped peak]

Its almost as if its technically possible to survive losing your tail but it has massive fatal complications

[tough parcel]

I can post the study itself, but this seems to be the only times Wyrex is mentioned

[undone parcel]

rex probably died less from blood loss and more from from just starvation

[outer tusk]

And no maidens

[warped peak]

Yep. Thats the big thing, water and food when you're basically wheelchair bound

[outer tusk]

Now am thinking of a cripple tyrannosaurus rex lmao

[undone parcel]

i mean sue

[last adder]

I don't think there would've been noticable signs of healing if they died from blood loss.

[tough parcel]

I think we should point out the fact a T. rex ripped the tail off of a similarly-sized individual

[warped peak]

Yeah that part sounds insane but does fit average Tyrannosaurus moment

[undone parcel]

how long do we think it took it took to even bite through the muscle or did it just bite the outer skin and just heave and rip

[warped peak]

The amount of force required to RIP that off would be almost immeasurable so I'm gonna say biting

[last adder]

Tyrannosaurs had insanely well developed neck muscles so I'd say it was a mix of both.

[tough parcel]

Random is here to agree with me full-heartedly and not mention that caudal trauma seems to be common in theropods to some extent and we need a more in-depth study of Wyrex specifically to say confidently if it was lost due to amputation, surely!

[undone parcel]

rex is a precison surgeon in amputation

[warped peak]

Random just stay "stinky" and leave

[charred hearth]

which fossils usually have more injuries, rex's or allo's?

[stiff osprey]

Andrea Cau pointed out that while there are signs of healing on the bone, the study does not actually provide any proof that the tail was fully ripped off, just that it suffered intense trauma

Maybe it lived for a while with a broken but not removed tail and then it was lost after death

@warped peak stinky

[zenith ivy]

I could take down a rex, to bad they arent around anymore for me to prove it

[undone parcel]

ok but its Cau so i find his stuff questionable ever since that compy= carch paper

[warped peak]

You can take down a modern Rex still. Bones aren't good at fighting

[stiff osprey]

I mean he is objectively correct, the paper does not provide proof

It's a one off sentence

[ancient crystal]

So weird question, but how does naming a dinosaur happen?

Like coverting whatever you want to name it into latin, or greek, or whatever. Like everyone knows tri, or titan, or saurus, but Saurophagnax for example. Do you just put Lord of the Lizard Eaters into google translate, do you go to someone who knows the language, do you yourself learn it?

[last adder]

Most predators that utilize a high powered bite usually pair it with other forceful movements of the head and neck to make an attack all the more devastating.

At least, when they're aiming to do real damage.

[stiff osprey]

Also tbh, a rex breaking through all the muscle at the base of the tail, and then damaging the bone so badly that it eventually falls off with minimal effort is just as impressive as straight up tearing it off

[halcyon cobalt]

Does fire count as being alive

[ancient crystal]

No

[undone parcel]

in the words of a wise man..88 million newtons of bite force

[crystal dock]

Given google translate didn't exist during the discovery of Saurophaganax, it would've been named into Latin or Greek from predominantly dictionaries or someone else providing said info

[charred hearth]

so...was puru the only prehestoric croc that we have that could preform a death roll?

[undone parcel]

no? im pretty sure the death roll predates pseudosuchia as a whole

[ancient crystal]

I was just using it as an example

[last adder]

There were plenty of extinct crocodilians that could probably do something similar to a death roll depending on their anatomy.

[charred hearth]

i mean like, sarco and deino cant do a death rol

[undone parcel]

what says those two cant? ones literally a Alligatoroid

[tough parcel]

Also that's not at all what he says

He proposes compsognathids are a polyphyletic group with the members being spread out between Carnosauria (including megalosaurs) and Coelurosauria

[stiff osprey]

Scipionyx being a carch is totally reasonable imo
Bro is like a week old and already 50cm long

[undone parcel]

thats like the only one id waver being plausible

[stiff osprey]

Compsognathus itself being a megalosaurid has gotta be one of his more insane takes tho

[undone parcel]

isnt half his stuff off the wall, or something like that

[stiff osprey]

he has a lot of normal takes, it's just he's an [censored by bot]hole about it so people automatically dislike him

[charred hearth]

snout thickness or whatever

[outer tusk]

I know JP isn't very paleo but thinking of the scene from TLW were one guy gets jumped by a group of comps but it's just baby megalos is just a wild thought

[undone parcel]

granted i just remeber more then half of people jusr denounced the compy paper, it was either cause it was him, cause of what it was, or cause it was saying comps were valid

[stiff osprey]

that guy genuinely could have killed the compies by just rolling over the fact that he died to them is astonishing

[charred hearth]

which dude? hammond or the other dude?

[undone parcel]

was this before compy venom was canon in the movies?

[stiff osprey]

dieter

Hammond only dies to compies in the books after he already has a broken leg and is basically dying anyway

[undone parcel]

then they napalmed his corpse

[halcyon cobalt]

There’s more than 3 prehistoric crocodylomorphs

[crystal dock]

My personal least favorite take from him has to be tyrannosaur shaochilong and spinosaur eocarcharia just because am bias

[charred hearth]

okay but nobody really cares abt the others besides stomasuchus

[warped peak]

Tyrannosaur Shaochilong?

[undone parcel]

dude stomatas like only mentioned in as this funky prehistoric croc

people arguing Eocarch might be a spinosaur just cause its some skull bones and tyrannosaur Schaochilong? pure dilusions

[warped peak]

It's not argument lol, the bones ASSIGNED the title of Eocarcharia are Spinosaur

[undone parcel]

Not convinced after all these years

[undone parcel]

It’s still a single portion of the skull so I’m not gonna act as if this is diehard evidence it’s a spinosaur

[native kindle]

[warped peak]

Well thank god your intuition on a singular isolated bone is enough to override papers

(Spinosaur and Carch skulls are also not even remotely similar in shape or structure)

[charred hearth]

can your intuition make amargasaurus 5 tons

[undone parcel]

No im just dubious on single isolated bones being relabeled

[stiff osprey]

I mean surely their postorbitals are similar otherwise Sereno would not have mistaken one for the other

[sullen cairn]

wasnt tyrannosauroid shaochilong from alpkarakush's description

[tough parcel]

I think it's popped up a few times?

[undone parcel]

Wasn’t that where famously Monolopho was a spinosaur

[stiff osprey]

Mono's been a spinosaur a lot of times actually

[undone parcel]

Despite having no spinosaur adaptations

[charred hearth]

its basal

[sullen cairn]

in any case as of bahariadromeus paper cau's still been getting shaochilong s a carch

[undone parcel]

ill fight for Bahariasaurus to be valid

[warped peak]

Baharia is definitely valid at this point, the debate is where it sits

[sullen cairn]

nvm that was just in a polytomy with the rest of coelurosauria
tameryraptors description is the one that articulates a tyrannosauroid identity

[undone parcel]

didnt Tamery only leave like 3 bones for Carch

[sullen cairn]

carch is most of a skull still

[stiff osprey]

shaochilong is a turonian carcharodontosaur
actually shaochilong is a carcharodontosaur from a normal epoch
actually shaochilong is neither turonian nor a carch

tragedy

[charred hearth]

so what is it

[tough parcel]

The Big Paleo refuses to let the average carcharodontosaurid size go down

[undone parcel]

Shaochilongs what Siamotyrannus wish it was

[charred hearth]

how many leptoceratops would it take to kill a rex

[undone parcel]

man Siamo just vanished off the face of the earth when people figued it wasnt a tyrannosaur

[warped peak]

Are they riding Udanoceratops or on foot?

[charred hearth]

foot

[undone parcel]

thats like asking would you ride the horse which 95% will murder you or walk

[crystal dock]

A large headed bipedal reptile

[stiff osprey]

7 leptoceratops because rex has 6 toes

Each of them bites off one toe and the rex goes down, then the 7th one finishes it off

[charred hearth]

this is true

[last adder]

About one if it hits the right place at insane velocity (considering you're using the dino as a high powered projectile and augmenting it to be efficient at doing so)

[tough parcel]

Are the Leptoceratops called to the bench after biting off a toe? Why are they out of action upon performing their duty

[warped peak]

Seriously question

How big of a bear do you think would be on equal footing with Ceratosaurus (weight wise)

[charred hearth]

polar bear

[stiff osprey]

After they bite off a toe the rex screams comically and then kicks them into space

[undone parcel]

agustitherium if its dentisculatus for safety

[charred hearth]

are there only 3 valid ceratopsians in hell creek?

[celest stump]

Is anyone here a pot dev?

[undone parcel]

4 if you count the two species of trike

[stiff osprey]

They just misspelled nugget, trust

[celest stump]

Oh

[tough parcel]

Let's see if they're as fast as shutting down an "offtopic" discussion

[charred hearth]

does anzu have the potential to be the 2nd largest oviraptorid or nah?

[warped peak]

Who?

[celest stump]

Can anyone help give some advice, my Achillo is glitched and all its cooldowns are one sec

[tough parcel]

I'd suggest a bug report in #help, maybe you'll be given a dev

[undone parcel]

agustatherium, largest bear and Ceratosaurus detisculatus, largest species of ceratosaurus

[celest stump]

K

[stiff osprey]

in terms of named taxa i think it already is? Can't think of any oviraptorosaur that is over 3.5m besides gigantor

[warped peak]

There is no Agustatherium, the largest bear is Arctotherium if thats what you meant

[undone parcel]

is the new hell creek one with anzu a tad smaller?

[charred hearth]

i kinda forget oviraptorids are so plentiful in america, i always associate them with asia

[undone parcel]

because in NA they are Caengnathids, unless whatever those giant eggs are

[warped peak]

Tbh I think a bear a whopping 20% larger than Cerato is pretty overkill

I'd say around a 900kg Polar would be more than enough IMO

[sullen cairn]

ceratosaurus is actually 3t see reddit comment et all for more

[undone parcel]

are the 3 tons things from like africa or whatever

[stiff osprey]

ceratosaurus is going to be so confused when the small-headed white mammal slaps it with the force of a thousand suns

[sullen cairn]

no its so much worse this is like all time funniest reddit posts

[warped peak]

"What a weird rat" bear stands up to 11 feet tall "OhmayGahd"

[stiff osprey]

ceratosaurus dentisulcatus has been agreed to be a subadult since the 2000s (literally said by no one ever)

[charred hearth]

who was the true winner in the end, ceratosaurus or allosaurus?

[sullen cairn]

durophagous habitual scavenger

[undone parcel]

....so..my eyes hurt now, but is three tons impossible? not average but hypothetically possible?

[warped peak]

So is 17 ton Tyrannosaurus hypothetically

[stiff osprey]

3 ton ceratosaurus is as likely as 22 ton spinosaurus or 30 ton rex

[undone parcel]

see carnegi only has that juvie cerato so i got no clue of a adult cerato size

[warped peak]

1100kg is the biggest specimen

[charred hearth]

i have a question, what would be the differecne in niche between black bears, brown bears and bigfoot? as bigfoot is most commonly found in the ranges of those two bears

[sullen cairn]

we have several skeletally mature specimens the guy in the reddit comment was just like lying

[undone parcel]

see i just am aware Cerato was beefier then people assume

[tough parcel]

Assumedly (in a hypothetical that Bigfoot is 100% real), it doesn't hibernate

[warped peak]

Well that'd be weird when we have several specimens demonstrating it is not beefy

[charred hearth]

so its be around through the whole year unlike bears?

[stiff osprey]

is bigfoot a herbivore or what i'm not familiar

[charred hearth]

well, i'd assume it have a diet similar to gorilla's

[undone parcel]

bigfoot eats the very common chupacabra

[tough parcel]

Omnivore but whether it leans towards herbivory or carnivory isn't known due to obvious reasons

But it has been allegedly spotted hunting boar, deer, and alligator

[stiff osprey]

Alligator? Damn

[warped peak]

If we're being serious, the most likely candidate for an IRL version of Bigfoot would be a giant Paranthropus. Being Durophagous grazers, it would be entirely reasonable to assume they'd munch on foliage in the summer while putting on pounds and (possibly PHYSICALLY, like a squirrel) storing food for winter, as it'd be difficult for a Hominid to graze in deep mountain frost, as hominids are still quite clever and keep food in manners like that

[tough parcel]

Iirc the account says it was a young alligator that was basking on a sandbank but it's still a gator

[stiff osprey]

Perhaps the bigfoot has taken over the niche of the North American jaguar...

[charred hearth]

would the yeti also be a giant nothern species of paranthropus?

[undone parcel]

isnt it like PNW sasquatch are more peacful grazers, northeast is a voracous deer hunter, the south is just whatever it can grab

[sullen cairn]

oh i thought that was a deliberate ogre pun

[crystal dock]

You do realize nasicornis is the only valid species right?

[tough parcel]

There is 0 evidence to back this due to A) Sasquatch isn't a species we can observe

B) We don't know what accounts are hoaxes, true, and/or misidentifications

[warped peak]

It'd be reasonable to assume Yeti and Sasquatch come from the same common ancestor, being more of regional variations and adaptations, similar to Grizzly and Polar bears

[undone parcel]

no nasicornisn dentisulcatus are valid and magnacornis may be nasicornis, also yes im aware bigfoots fake, just based off patterns i seen

[charred hearth]

arent the "original " yetis from philophines completely different from pop culture yetis?

[undone parcel]

yetis are from nepal

[warped peak]

I have no clue man I study bear dogs

[charred hearth]

are they close....😅

[tough parcel]

No they're not, the "original" account of the Yeti was from the Himalayas

[undone parcel]

the phillipines are islands in the indian ocean and nepals in the center of the himilayan mounts

[charred hearth]

i thought nepal was in the philiphines 😔

[sullen cairn]

as one does

[tough parcel]

Rude...

We're always forgotten

[charred hearth]

your Neapolitan?

[stiff osprey]

I'd make fun of you for that but i couldn't point out the phillipines in a map if i tried

[undone parcel]

no thats napoleon

[sullen cairn]

i cant tell at this point if this is a bit to mess with falcon or not
either way i'm in favor of it

[charred hearth]

no, napoleon was french

[undone parcel]

man i dont know whats happening i forgot the plot at talking about bigfoot

[stiff osprey]

i always assumed falcon was from like New Jersey

[sullen cairn]

i used to think he was canadian

[charred hearth]

i thought he was flordian

[warped peak]

Almost all my Geographic knowledge is from Paleontology and geology

[tough parcel]

I'm glad I'm ambiguous enough that I can never be doxxed even by my friends

[undone parcel]

i aced geography from paleontolgy

[charred hearth]

anyways, back to paleontology

do we have any scottish plesiosaurs??

[undone parcel]

the best you have is anything from the jurassic coast, scotland kinda sucks for marine stuff

[charred hearth]

im trying to track the ancestor of the loch ness monster

[undone parcel]

it aint a reptile

[stiff osprey]

aw hell we got a seal nessie believer

[undone parcel]

i didnt say its a mammal

[sullen cairn]

doxxing falcon

[stiff osprey]

I will accept either big eel or some unknown horror

[charred hearth]

is that brazil

[undone parcel]

TO THE MOUNTAINS

[charred hearth]

if we look at the old depictions of the loch ness monsters before the popular plesiosaur one, what would be the most likely? eel?

[stiff osprey]

the hypothetical adult eel even

[undone parcel]

the mythical conger conger

[compact leaf]

the freshwater conger conger

[foggy river]

conger bonger island

[compact leaf]

I know you’re literally everywhere but seeing you here is like a jump scare

[charred hearth]

are there even seals in loch ness???

[undone parcel]

yes they swim up the loch

[foggy river]

i like to surface here specifically to post the most bonkers stuff and then recede to the sea

[tough parcel]

This is because Noodle jumps and scares you

She still has my wallet

[craggy trench]

Noodle stole my dog

[undone parcel]

their like sh-tposting godzilla

[tough parcel]

They would never. Noodle is too pure to do such horrible acts...they would steal your cat...

[charred hearth]

would lochness even be big enough to have a stable plesiosaur population??

[undone parcel]

no the cat left with them

[foggy river]

his dog IS really cool

anyway to stay on topic north america 5mya is very cool and i want to visit there pls

[undone parcel]

as a mammal hater what was in NA 5 million years ago?

[foggy river]

why hate mammal? they are animal trying to live their life

[charred hearth]

whoever answers this will be recive a reward btw

[craggy trench]

Dino W
Mammal boring

[undone parcel]

reptile superior, mammal inferior

[thorn grove]

it seems unlikely to me but idk if we could know for sure

[foggy river]

rhinoceros...

[undone parcel]

oh wait Daeodon? hes cool..certified awsome, Carnegies mount is still labeled Dinohyus

[foggy river]

daeodon is about 10 mya off but he got the spirit

[charred hearth]

i have a question about hell creek

[foggy river]

bold to assume im a reliable source for that, but shoot

[undone parcel]

im reliable enough

[charred hearth]

what are the size estimates for anzu next to a human?

[sullen cairn]

better

[stiff osprey]

was the only change removing the weird bug creature in the sky

[charred hearth]

https://tenor.com/view/jolibee-jolly-jollibee-gif-26175182

[sullen cairn]

little bug creature is now an actual bulding facade yes

[foggy river]

ive never seen an anzu and a human in the same room... suspicious

google is ur friend

ive actively tried to not think about anzu in the past 2 years but it isnt working

i can prolly dig up a reference if you want tho

[sullen cairn]

how/why does one actively try not to think about anzu

[foggy river]

i thought about him way too much. now i gotta balance it out. mhm

[charred hearth]

i thought you were modding hell creek dinosaurs into the game 😔

[foggy river]

to be fair that doesnt mean that i have any paleontological knowledge of the animal. your best bet would be reliable, consistent ppl who scale well and cite their specimens

[stiff osprey]

i did this during the dakotanzu craze of 2021 because people saying dakotas claw was a giant anzu annoyed me

[undone parcel]

im cursed cause i named my lizard anzu

[foggy river]

REAL
a dark time

[thorn grove]

it's a traumatizing experience so some people try to block it out

I had to attend therapy

[craggy trench]

Dakota is actually a cetacean fossil

[charred hearth]

is the hell creek spinosaurid montanaspinus on your roster btw?

[craggy trench]

That’s not even a real animal
It’s a meme

[compact leaf]

it’s a well known fact that the easiest way to get random to do something is irritate him

[charred hearth]

your not real and YOUR a meme

[craggy trench]

[stiff osprey]

the entire reason i made a torvosaurus skeletal is this one guy i knew kept telling me it was 9 meters long max

[warped peak]

Silly Pantz, Montanaspinus is synonymous with Edmontosaurus

[undone parcel]

is guyneri bigger then Tanneri?

[charred hearth]

would hell creek be a good environment for a spinosaurid?

[stiff osprey]

both torvos are in the same size range

[last adder]

Where's the hell creek rodent btw.

[foggy river]

but for real dont trust random people. i could say this is anzu scale, doesnt make it true /gen

[craggy trench]

Poor random
His stuff isn’t trustworthy

[charred hearth]

give the goose a homura wig

[stiff osprey]

neck length is questionable as idk which metric the verts were measured in, but here's various anzu specimens with 50cm scalebars

[foggy river]

i didnt even know hartman had a new one

[thorn grove]

he just said not to trust random people, trusting random dinos should be ok, after all he was there

[craggy trench]

I know it was a joke
Based on their wording and the person named random

[stiff osprey]

really all he did vs the old one was like make it slightly meatier

[charred hearth]

would gigantoraptor count as the apex of its formation? im unsure if it would've been a active predator

[thorn grove]

was gigantoraptor a carnivore?

[stiff osprey]

probably not

[undone parcel]

i say it ate whatever it wanted, meat, plant..anything

[foggy river]

i figure you're referring to didelphodon and kin, but fun fact! those aren't actually rodents, they're metatherians. relatives of the living marsupials

fun fact 2- you can see the connection in the genus name of the living virginia opossum- Didelphis
stay tuned for more useless facts

[zealous ravine]

Just came across this gorgeous specimen from Portugal. Belongs to Lusovenator

[warped peak]

for free!?

[outer tusk]

Lusovenator the goat

[zealous ravine]

Not a huge fan of that skel but Luso is based asf

[balmy oyster]

If it’s cause of the dip, that can easily be filled in

[zealous ravine]

It feels a little long to me but I have to actually scale the material myself to be sure, I plan on using Lajasvenator to fill in gaps

[outer tusk]

Try also using neovenator and concavenator to fill in the gap since that's what Sassy did

[white matrix]

you mean this photo?

[outer tusk]

no because there's no neovenator here

[zealous ravine]

Idk if I’ll use neo but Conc for sure. Neo is a weirdo

[charred hearth]

what dont we do this for aquatic reptiles like plesiosaurs? https://x.com/therotundtable/status/1956354364777398582

indy of the rotund table (@therotundtable)

my roman empire is the unsuccessful 1980s new york police training program that revolved around giving seals guns

X · Aug 15, 2025, 1:56 PM

[thorn grove]

dead

[ancient crystal]

I wonder what the crazy paleontologists like David Peters think of nanotyrannus

[balmy oyster]

Great question

[ancient crystal]

I bet he thinks its a turtle or something

[balmy oyster]

Wonder what he thinks of the three Rex proposal GSP did

[ancient crystal]

He could probably "find" evidence of eight more Tyrannosaurus species in the specimens sampled

[balmy oyster]

Ironically he would do a better job because at least he puts effort

Gsp just went “trust me bro” for it

[charred hearth]

wouldnt it be 3 tyrannosaurus?

[balmy oyster]

That’s what I said

[undone rapids]

He has like 3 different species of nano as well iirc

[hardy sentinel]

I remember making that peak, but it seems you don't have the gif I also made

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/542776901442338816/1400625003896246403/ConcaxIchthy_-_Made_with_Clipchamp.gif

[white matrix]

https://tenor.com/view/cat-surprised-wide-eyes-slow-turn-shocked-gif-17052477297537504976

[last adder]

Oh yeah, I know this! I was just saying something silly is all, lmao.

[steel cairn]

does anyone remember if Troodon is still a waste-basket taxon? i know there's T. formosus but last i heard its the only real Troodon species and everything else was waste-basket basically

^ this was around the time the Troodon/Nanuq Dinosauria episode came out that I heard this, and I wanted to double check it was still a true statement to this day or if something changed since then that i hadnt heard about

[hardy sentinel]

It's got hope for being real, some peeps at cambridge are trying to establish a neotype

[sullen cairn]

"the original name of 1856 has come to encompass a robust and specific species"
look inside
neotype autapomorphies cannot be evaluated in any other north american troodontine taxon except for single character that isnt present in Latenivenatrix
"there is no convincing evidence for a second skeletal taxon from these geologic units of Alberta and Montana"
????

[hardy sentinel]

Troodontidae moment

[charred hearth]

how well would a small - medium sized spinosaurid do today in south america?

[balmy oyster]

It’ll get bullied by the hippos

[charred hearth]

actually, isnt the smallest spinosaurid ( irratator ) the size of a hippo? ( or atleast from my size, while not weight, their still taller and longer then hippos )

[hardy sentinel]

Yeah irritator is bigger than a hippo

But it would still probably get bullied considering hippos live in pods

[charred hearth]

i mean, yeah,

[hardy sentinel]

Speaking of that, would the hippos just inbreed themselves to death after a bit? They're starting from a population of 4 and are currently at around 170

[charred hearth]

i mean....they got too 170, so im sure their fine

[hardy sentinel]

But after a while of inbreeding there's gotta be something wrong with em by now

[balmy oyster]

afaik cheetahs are also pretty inbred and overall they’re doing fine (they do get some human help but a lot of African fauna does regardless)

[undone rapids]

They've survived like 2 bottle necks without humans and would be doing even better if we weren't around

I hope the program in India continues going well, it'd be great to see them recover. The Grey wolf too

[hardy sentinel]

Not as inbred from a population of 4 though, I'm pretty sure cheetahs were at 7 at their lowest bottleneck

Not saying it's too much better but it's better than 4

I do hope for the sake of the Colombian ecosystem something goes wrong in the genetics of those hippos and they become infertile or something

[halcyon cobalt]

I know you probably weren’t serious but the hippos are so few and South America is so big that they wouldn’t really an issue

[ashen wedge]

If it fits, we have found the missing piece

[hazy basalt]

Do the papers saying spinosaurus was too buoyant to dive underwater take into consideration how the animals own active propulsion could assist it in breaking underneath the surface?

Take marine iguanas for example, marine iguanas are actually buoyant and naturally float if they aren’t trying to swim underwater. I know there is a massive size difference between the animals but just saying…comparing the two spinosaurus seems more specialized for an aquatic lifestyle than the marine iguana. Spinosaurus didn't necessarily need to be a good swimmer to be a successful aquatic predator, it just needed to be a good enough swimmer.

[halcyon cobalt]

that was tuff

[mossy ore]

https://tenor.com/view/spinosaurus-dinosaur-meme-2027-paleomeme-gif-14471555602216043670

[ashen wedge]

True

[hallow spear]

Convergence with Stegosaurus

[astral spindle]

Does Apex have a weight yet?

[hardy sentinel]

How does one get the weight of a dinosaur in life based on just the bones?

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/doug-maclean-nhl-hockey-stats-statistics-gif-13408391465163304912

[languid cedar]

My latest 3D print Allosaurus arm printed and up on my office wall 🙂

[stiff osprey]

There are essentially two methods: limb circumference allometry, which is easier but less accurate, where you compare the circumference of the femur and/or humerus to various other animals and find a relationship between femur circumference and body mass

And the other is volumetric reconstruction, where you construct the skeleton in multiple views, add the amount of soft tissue you think is appropriate based on muscle studies etc., and then just. Measure the volume of your model

[hardy sentinel]

Is it me or are the feet too big for Velociraptor in prehistoric planet

[charred hearth]

i remember someone telling me apex predator is a incorrect term to use, is this true? if so, what do you use instead of it?

[hardy sentinel]

It's the correct term

[charred hearth]

i thought it was like , tettiary predator or something

[little mauve]

Tertiary predator and apex predator mean the same thing. The problem is people conflating the technical term apex predator with its pop culture usage, like so many other things

[charred hearth]

what would you define as a apex predator?

[ancient crystal]

Well tertiary or quaternary, since on rare occasions, ecosystems can support a 4th trophic level

[little mauve]

Very true, I believe some marine mesozoic ecosystem was recently reconstructed with a 4th trophic level. It's intriguing that it may have been more common in the Mesozoic, both marine and terrestrial, with the extra plant productivity and biomass

https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/202/1/zlad092/7275647

[hushed fog]

Is it just me, but why is it that when theropod groups become bigger and bigger and reach the mega theropod weight class, they usually shrink the size of their arms and increase the size of their heads

[charred hearth]

whats the 4th?

[ancient crystal]

Something like an orca pod that hunts large sharks would be considered on a 4th trophic level.

Its rare in today's ecosystems where plant productivity (as mentioned) isn't as high. But they're usually found in aquatic environments in the first place since a higher percentage of animals are secondary and up consumers.

[little mauve]

https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(22)00860-0?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982222008600%3Fshowall%3Dtrue here's a paper that discusses that trend. Probably a correlation between the increased usage of the head and feet in prey capture and reduced usage of the hands

[charred hearth]

to be a apex, must you be a activate hunter?

[ancient crystal]

The idea behind trophic levels is energy transfer. Which is only 10% efficient, so when you go up a level, you lose 90% of the energy the previous one sequestered, and usually by the third trophic level, a 4th cannot be sustained.

But in high productivity aquatic environments such as coral reefs, where there is an abundance of energy, you can get a fourth trophic level.

[native kindle]

skulls as a whole can support better stress, and are a bit less risky to use compared to arms as you can't really grapple sauropods lmao

[ancient crystal]

To be an apex predator you need to be the highest level consumer in your environment. All consumers at or above a secondary level are predators by their very nature.

The layman's version of an apex predator might be constrained to "active predator." But that's not necessarily a requirement.

It is usually how it goes though, because inactive predators such as filter feeders usually occupy the first or second trophic levels because filter feeding only works because there is still so much available energy for the consumer.

It also gets really strange in aquatic environments because of how producers work.

There is very little macro plant life in the oceans. The vast majority of photosynthesis happens in the upper 20 feet of water and by microorganisms, which then get eaten by zoo plankton, which gets eaten by larger zoo plankton, which gets eaten by the smallest fish, which goes up and up until you reach something like a Great White or an Orca, and at that point if you're super granular about it you have like 7 trophic levels so usually the entire micro environment of the oceans which not only produces the base energy for the ecosystem but has its own trophic levels that transfer that energy up into the macroorganisms just gets rolled into one trophic level

[charred hearth]

i think my brain just shut off trying to comprehend that

[ancient crystal]

Trying to classify anything in ecology with neat and tidy lines and definitions is a fool's errand and we usually constrain ourselves to 3, at the very most 4, broad trophic levels

For example, take humans. We consider ourselves apex predators, masters of the world, yadda yadda yadda.

If you take apex predator to mean occupying the third trophic level, we are not an apex predator, because we mostly eat producers and primary consumers as a species, putting us in the second trophic level.

But humans are, ecologically, an apex predator; very few animals hunt us, we have the capability to eat the majority of the available biomass in an area.

So what definition do you use? The strict, trophic level based definition which we do not fit. Or a larger definition that takes into account more than just our diet?

[stiff osprey]

I think apex predator = occupying the third trophic level is a silly definition. The same individual animal can be part of different trophic levels depending on what it eats

If a shark-eating orca is at the seventh trophic level would that make the orca an apexapexapexapexpredator?

[ancient crystal]

Exactly, so the better definition is just highest trophic consumer. Which can, in all fairness, also fluctuate but at some point you have to draw a line and say "this animal usually does this, that animal usually does that."

[plucky basin]

he boot too big for he feet

[brave nova]

Hey random, what’s the maximum length and weight estimate for Goliath atm? And then with cope aswell?

[drifting condor]

How much sucho weigh im in a debate rn

[brave nova]

Like 5.3t

[undone parcel]

off the top of my head both are like..13ish tons?

a quick look seems to put goliath at..13.05 meters, dont quote me

[brave nova]

Last stuff I saw was max weight for cope was 11.7t and then for Goliath 13-14t but it’s y I wanna check as it was ages ago and I’m not sure if they were hyper estimates or not

[undone parcel]

and i found a chart that puts Cope at 12.33 meters

same chart puts cope in the 11 ton range

[drifting condor]

Do we know how strong suchomimus's arms are

[undone parcel]

all i know is their huge

[covert moat]

[drifting condor]

Suchomimus's prey?

[undone parcel]

lurdusaurus

[sudden wind]

There is some truth in what you say as it didn't need to excel in water to be good enough at swimming but what I don't agree with it that "Spinosaurus seems more specialized to an aquatic lifestyle". It is undeniable that Spinosaurus consumed subaquaeous prey items and foraged in wet habitats but this doesn't necessarily make it an aquatic dinosaur. It could just like it could not be based on physics, but Spino mayhaps gave a middle finger to that and still swam.

[undone parcel]

the thing has a paddle tail and more then liklely webbed feet

[sudden wind]

See, there are buoyant animals with webbed feet that don't necessarily dive to catch preys (they still swim). "Paddle" tail is kinda debatable when it is more similar in structure to Dimetrodon sail than a marin iguana's or water monitor lizard.

[covert moat]

How would we have known about the shape of latenivenatrix's tail

[undone parcel]

cant disprove punting, Latens a troodontid so just look at tother troodonts

[sudden wind]

It does not indeed

[sudden wind]

We don't and cannot really predict it but one Troodontid as feather impression on its tail and it's Jianianhualong

[halcyon cobalt]

what adaptations would a hypothetical microbe need to survive on the surface of mars

[sudden wind]

I guess what you define as a microbe is a microorganism. Well first it would need water to just survive at first and idk the condition of Mars so I don't know what adaptations it would need. Iirc Mars is more severely hit by solar storms so I guess that more UV's go through Mars atmosphere and so your cells would need ways to protect themselves, deal with DNA breakages and mutations. So, it's possible that they'd have better enzymes to repair their DNA, which could be used in order to find a cure against cancer.

[halcyon cobalt]

That sounds like a great premise for a book icl

[sudden wind]

Given that mars is very cold, their membrane would be much richer in saturated fat like cholesterol too so the molecules can still move.

Also they would produce a lot of antifreezing proteins.

They would also have proteins throughout their membrane that could help with detecting changes in temperatures, which then would influence how much other proteins are produced to protect said cells.

[halcyon cobalt]

could the oxidised soil be processed to get oxygen?

[sudden wind]

Also coming back on DNA they'd also have enzymes more effectives at detecting breakages and mutations, not just repairing them.

[sudden wind]

If they can reduce said soil they could get some oxygen. But not all life needs oxygen to survive though so they could also very well not depend on it.

Though iirc oxydation just means that you're loosing electrons, which doesn't necessarily implies the use of oxygen.

[halcyon cobalt]

Deinococcus radiodurans is a current bacteria that can survive on mars though I think it may be through a form of stasis so probably doesn’t count

[sudden wind]

Oh that can also work. Bacterias have lot of ways to deal with that with sporulation for example.

[halcyon cobalt]

it’s dna is packed into a Torus-like shapes to help with radiation resistance

[hardy sentinel]

Are there any known extinct subspecies of H. sapiens? I know there are subspecies of H. er*ctus (H. e. soloensis, H. e. pekiensis and others)

[undone parcel]

isnt Neanderthals debatably a subspecies, i know nothing of human evolution

[full lagoon]

Neanderthals are a different species of the same genus

So not a subspecies, but a very close relative

[undone parcel]

i know that, i just didnt know if there were debated to be a saphiens subspecies at any point

[full lagoon]

A subspecies can't be a different species entirely

It has to be in the same genus AND species but have slight differences that distinguish it

[last star]

do y'all think spinos had a pouch like pelicans?
that'd be kinda cool and useful.

[undone parcel]

probably

[full lagoon]

Well it may have had a throat pouch like a crop, but I think we would see a skeletal distinction in the jaws if it could actually separate and expand it's jaws like a pelican

[last star]

indeed.

[full lagoon]

I wouldn't doubt it if several species of dinosaur had something in their bodies to store extra food like a crop, but as far as I know nothing like that has been found

[little mauve]

The crop appears to have arose within Aves according to https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/pala.12453 but I suppose a convergent structure might be possible

[compact leaf]

there is a camp that considers them a subspecies of H. sapiens yes

there’s a lot of back and forth on it but there’s people in both camps, even with genetic information paleoanthropology is pretty volatile

[hardy sentinel]

It was suggested when people thought they landed on a definition of what a species is that goes past morphology

Imo species are just morphology and genetics, has nothing to do with being able to produce viable offspring, because if that were true these two would be the same species

[ancient crystal]

No it also has to do with that, but its not the overarching rule to speciation, at least not anymore.

Genetics, morphology, and biology are all aspects of defining a species. In order of importance they rank:

1. Genetics
2. Biology
3. Morphology

The morphological species concept is next to useless for defining extant species.

Lets try that again, thanks a lot discord censors.

In the case of Neanderthals, since they're extinct and I'm not sure if we have any knowledge of their genetic history (so correct me if this is wrong) then biology and morphology are what defines them as or as not a species.

Since they could in-breed with H. sapien then that is very good evidence of them being the same species. Their morphology, which is beyond the normal variation in populations of humans, is what defines them as a subspecies if you subscribe to that idea, which I do.

[warped peak]

Alright here's a question

Would you call ever breed of dog a different subspecies?

[zealous ravine]

No cause breeds are a different thing than subspecies

[ancient crystal]

They all share the same genetic history with wolves, and can all interbreed.

Their morphology is different, but its easier to (especially as they are a human creation) define them all as the same subspecies or even not give them a subspecies at all.

[zealous ravine]

Canis lupus familiaris iirc

[ashen wedge]

I will call it a dog

[ancient crystal]

And even then, the rules are fast and loose ones, as everything in the life sciences is.

Brown bears are a great example of this. Morphologically polar bears and brown bears are different species, but both biologically and through their genetic history they are more similar than they are different. So there is at some level a debate as to what to call polar bears.

Brown bears already have a really messy classification history, with hundreds of invalid subspecies. You could call them a subspecies of brown bear, but its really just easier to keep them as Ursus maritimus and because they are so ecologically unique that's perfectly fine if you ask me.

[hardy sentinel]

Didn't Neanderthals evolve from H. heidelbergensis whereas Sapiens evolved from H. er*ctus?

From what I've been looking up we don't share the same common ancestor in H. er°ctus

Unless I'm missing something and we also share H. heidelbergensis

Btw do any subspecies of other animals have this extent of skull differences as Sapiens and Neanderthals do?

[ancient crystal]

Going back to the polar bear debate, you've got this going on

As for defined undebated subspecies (that aren't dogs) I don't know of any off the top of my head

[hardy sentinel]

Btw I take back my part on the different common ancestor being different, apparently heidelbergensis is our ancestor but every science communicator just left that part out and just said it was er*ctus

[hardy sentinel]

Confused here, are you saying they should be different species because they have differing skull morphology?

[ancient crystal]

No, I'm just giving you an example of another proposed subspecies with decent skull variation.

I'm of the opinion that even if polar bears fit into the general rules to define a subspecies, it is better to keep them separate.

But for Neanderthals I could really go either way.

[hardy sentinel]

So why do you think they (polar and brown bears) should remain separate despite you saying that polars should be a subspecies? I don't think it being too controversial should be an excuse if that's the case

Also you said previously you subscribed to the idea of Neanderthals being H. sapiens neanderthalensis but now it can go either way, what changed?

[balmy oyster]

Mammal phylogeny mid
Dinosaur phylogeny peak

[ancient crystal]

I think that they could be defined as a subspecies same as Grizzly and Kodiak bears, but not necessarily that they should.

What I think keeps it distinct is their morphology and ecology not any controversy. Polar bears are a marine animal, not terrestrial as their continental relatives are, and they are heavily adapted to the arctic. Couple that with the proposed population of brown bears they are derived from being extinct, and their isolation from other populations they are well on their way to speciation.

I subscribe currently to the idea of Neanderthals being a subspecies, but not so strongly that I couldn't be convinced otherwise given proper evidence.

[hardy sentinel]

Makes sense, hopefully they can get on with full speciation before they recombine with brown bears due to current climate issues

Btw the last part is just science acceptance, that's how it should be. Ur goated for that

[charred hearth]

if ceratopsians were alive today, would they be hunted for their horns?

[ancient crystal]

I know that, my current understanding of Neanderthals lacks much of any knowledge of their genetic history. I am unaware if that information has been studied, or discovered. Which is why I follow the mindset I do concerning their relation to humans.

[hardy sentinel]

I imagine in the future when brown bears take over they'll have a similar argument on whether or not polar bears are just a subspecies of brown bear or if they're their own species

Pretty similar event to what happened with Neanderthals funnily (or unfunnily) enough

[balmy oyster]

nuh uh im wright

[warped peak]

Release the Swedish beardog scientists

[hardy sentinel]

I know there's a term for it but google is holding it from me

[charred hearth]

what chasmosaurine does bastidon resemble the most?

[hardy sentinel]

Good question

[dry ridge]

What;s the status on kaprosuchus? Last I heard it was considered not really that savvy on land and would've just stuck to shores as a typical croc would?

[hardy sentinel]

Cuban crocodile

[dry ridge]

iz me fr fr

[ashen wedge]

Dam, and I thought that I had a thick skull

[jagged trellis]

so real

[white matrix]

whats the most accurate spino skeletal we have

every single one ive seen from 2023-2025 looks insanely different

[plucky basin]

lokiceratops perhaps

[balmy oyster]

randomdinos is one of the best ones atm

[serene sedge]

Kind of a mix of Spiclypeus and Kosmoceratops

[charred hearth]

was loki discovered when diamond and pearl came out?

[winter barn]

Would a master's be enough to get a job in paleontology or would a PhD be absolutely necessary?

[lavish frigate]

Just learned the Moab Giants stego model has feathers and I low key love that

(Found the image on their insta, no idea who lil bro is so I blurred him lol)

[craggy trench]

Loki was named in 2024

[balmy oyster]

Feathered stegosaurus…….

Feathered….bipedal stegosaurus….

[hallow spear]

Seen some sh

[charred hearth]

do you guys believe shoni, if alive today, would attack boats?

like, how sharks confused surfers for seals

[drifting condor]

Chasmosaurus

[drifting condor]

Ask shoni

[drifting condor]

Rex vs shant?

[charred hearth]

rex

[drifting condor]

Why
(I stopped being a herbivore glazer now btw)

[halcyon cobalt]

cool bro

[wraith jungle]

I actually dont understand the logic of making it a tank

[charred hearth]

because its the biggest carni in game

[teal grail]

can we talk about the sauropod family like wow there amazing

[coral forge]

very few kits are logical, but its a pvp game so theyre gonna sacrifice realism for fun and uniqueness

for example there isn't much logic behind every single hadrosaur being a high damage low mobility brawler but its very fun so who cares

[balmy oyster]

Super huge too, there’s a bajillion species ranging potentially from all the way back in the Triassic

[plain spade]

cough, rex, cough cough

[charred hearth]

cw

[sharp dragon]

Cow War?

[charred hearth]

weight combat

[sharp dragon]

Wait, Combat?

[hardy sentinel]

Nanotyrannus is real

[rigid thicket]

@balmy nacelle maip, i believe the biggiest megaraptor. No sickle claw on back limbs but huge claws on front limbs

[balmy oyster]

@mellow prism elite ball knowledge, show this man the truth

[sly viper]

Danger dolan

[hardy sentinel]

surface level knowledge

[coral forge]

spino has the same cw as every other apex

also cw =/= real weight

[undone rapids]

Nah its the Truth, the rest are noasaurs

[balmy oyster]

Campanian - maastrichtian giant noasaurs?

[undone rapids]

Ofcourse, they couldn't let their abeli brethren be the only ones to get big.

[flint hornet]

allosaurus vs daspletosaurus,what is the chance of one winning over the other and vice versa?

[undone rapids]

Sounds like a #path-of-titans question if you mean ingame, irl it'd just depend on how big the Allo is since most Adult Daspletos are basically the same size :

[flint hornet]

i mean real life

[undone rapids]

If they're similar is size, then probably whoever gets the first good bite(or whoever the writer wants).

[coral forge]

depends on the allo species

[fossil ingot]

Anax and Fragilis are the largest and both are similarly size at max sizes anyways

[undone rapids]

Yeah P-26083 is probably fragilis since it comes from the same quarry where all allos are fragillis and it doesn't have anything making it unique from fragillis other than being big, its basically the same size as the big anaxes.

[wraith jungle]

They are all the same weight tho plus ...

[undone parcel]

last i remember the POT allo is based roughly off Saurophagan size

[native kindle]

for its time yes

[undone parcel]

probably cause they couldnt do a sauro sub when allo has 3 species already so comprimise and make allo sauro size

[flint hornet]

i meant the one found in portugal

this dumb guy

[native kindle]

pretty sure every daspletosaurus is larger than this, but again it doesn't really matter it's just who gets the first well placed bite

this is how every animal vs. animal debate goes. its not a video game, they'll just die

[flint hornet]

huh

[undone rapids]

Lourinha was the "Everyone is here" formation for theropods, Torvos? Yup, Allos? Yup, Ceratos? Yup, Abelis? Yup, Carchs? Yup. Also had cool stegos and sauropods

[keen yew]

Hold on carchs and abelis?

[undone rapids]

Lusovenator is a Carch, Possible Lourinhasaurus itself too but its hard to say. Abelis are sadly just teeth found there, but we do find Abelis all over Europe in the Cretaceous, so it wouldn't be too suprising to find em in Jurassic Europe too.

[coral forge]

anax was considerably larger wasnt it

doesnt fragilis only get up to 3t

[undone rapids]

There's a good few bigger than that and basically within the anax size range. AMNH 5767 and CPS 99 are big too

[coral forge]

I've never heard of a 4+ ton fragilis before

[undone parcel]

probably doesnt mean its impossible

[coral forge]

true but it probably means it didnt average that size so anax is still quite a bit larger

[undone parcel]

ill keep my opinions on that thing to myself

[undone rapids]

Yeah probably. Though Anax in general isn't very complete iirc

[ashen wedge]

He ain’t dumb

[coral forge]

anax is very complete idk what you're talking about

[undone rapids]

This is the Allosaurus anax Holotype(The Chosen One)

[undone parcel]

yea i dont even call it that name

[undone rapids]

Beautiful

[coral forge]

when im in a fragmentary holotype competition and my opponent is a carnosaurian

[flint hornet]

Dumb can also mean cute

[undone rapids]

But it always means Dumb

[bleak rose]

Hey folks 👋 wanted to ask about what things do we know about the kaprosuchus? It's an ancient animal i really liked since i was a child but there was a time since i researched about it.

Was it adapted for a more land-based environment while remaining capable in water? Do you have any papers/studies that talk about it?

[coral forge]

technically dumb means unable to speak so all non avian dinosaurs were probably very dumb

[undone parcel]

Kapro more then likely was equivalent to modern day Cuban crocs in life but not 100% sure due to the whole we have a single skull

[coral forge]

think of it like a Cuban croc
mostly aquatic but not uncomfortable on land

[undone rapids]

I have this on Kapro, dunno much more(by CurrentlyMiguel)

[bleak rose]

Are there any theories as to why the "boar tusks"?

[undone parcel]

i mean its a croc with big teeth so its definitely hunting with them

[coral forge]

because theyre awesome and who wouldn't want them

[bleak rose]

That's a good answer

I remain in love with this extinct creature

[coral forge]

ark and realism servers ruined kapro for me

[undone parcel]

ok but Arks kapro is cool on the basis its a alien

[coral forge]

I would like kapro more if it was still a horse croc

[brave nova]

Few of em are. (I saw few and there’s like 1)

[undone parcel]

Brachiosuchus is kinda one

[bleak rose]

I understand Ark (those things are like chainsaw missiles darting from the waters to bleed you out) but why realism servers?

[coral forge]

every single encounter ive ever had with a kapro on a realism/semi realism server has resulted in 1 or more rulebreaks by the kapro

[undone parcel]

also you cant hit them as a big theropod

[coral forge]

and even if you do land a hit they take reduced damage for some reason

[bleak rose]

I see

[undone parcel]

also their speed demons who tail ride, with a op turn

[fierce quarry]

Aren't the legs too long here based on Mahajangasuchus ?

[undone rapids]

They're fine, I think?

Kinda sad this guys scene got cut in PHP S2

[fierce quarry]

Oh wow I didn't remember its legs being that long my bad

[undone rapids]

No Problem, These skeletals are pretty new. Miguel has been on a spree of skeletals ever since he discovered the other skeletal made the legs too short

[fierce quarry]

Same, such an interesting croc

Is that why WOTG Kapro was updated with longer legs ?

[undone rapids]

Dunno

[ashen wedge]

They can speak, although not in human languages

[coral forge]

I hope we get a large terrestrial pseudosuchian in that new series

[undone rapids]

ICE AGE BARINASUCHUS(no it won't happen, but it'd be funny)

[coral forge]

the definition of speaking is "to say" and the definition of say is "to utter words" so you cannot speak if there are no words to speak

[coral forge]

new discovery gets made tomorrow that shows fasolasuchus lived until the end of the triassic so it gets included

[bleak rose]

BARINASUCHUS MY BELOVED

[undone parcel]

wasn't Barina like 12 million years or something stupid

[bleak rose]

Pride of my country

[coral forge]

archosaurs in general are just awesome
-# except corytbosaurus i hope that unholy abomination becomes invalid³

[undone parcel]

cause i think i saw somewhere the entirety of Barinas time on earth ws it just progessively getting bigger

[coral forge]

alligatoroids be like

[undone rapids]

Also there's this thing from Jurassic Madagascar, not much there but its cool.

[coral forge]

I think quinkana is the only pseudosuchian we might get, especially considering it had one of the most tragic extinctions.

Existed for 25 million years only to go extinct to humans. Perfect representation of the holocene extinction.

[ashen wedge]

But what defines a word?

[coral forge]

a single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing, used with others (or sometimes alone) to form a sentence and typically shown with a space on either side when written or printed.

[native kindle]

yes

[ashen wedge]

So for that, they did speak as they didn’t write since they can communicate with members of the same species just like how humans can

[coral forge]

they didn't speak because language didnt exist

[ashen wedge]

Language exists for animals, how else are they communicating with one another

[coral forge]

Language: "watch out there's a crocodile"

Basic Communication: distressed unga bunga

one contains words, one does not

also language is defined as human communication meaning if there are no humans there is no language

[halcyon shore]

To play devil’s advocate, some species have been shown to have different distress calls for different species of predator, if I remember correctly prairie dogs have a very complex system of calls to point out threats and details about them. If they have a specific noise that means a specific thing, could it be considered a word?

[undone rapids]

Yeah if Distressed unga bunga has a meaning, its basically a language

[halcyon shore]

What is a cuss word if not the modern distressed unga bunga?

[undone rapids]

Cats only Meow at their parents when young and at humans, they hiss for warning, etc

[coral forge]

Yeah there are animals that have that. I'm pretty sure there are primates in africa that have different screams for different words. Like one scream means "eagle" and they all run to the trees, but another means "snake" and they all start searching, but that isn't language by definition because those primates aren't humans

[fossil ingot]

"Epanterias" was also Classified as Fragilis
Epanterias is actually the Biggest in that Chart
AMNH 5767

[fossil ingot]

Truly....

[frigid delta]

what is Shamosaurus' most up-to-date length & weight?

[tender needle]

Are there any dinosaur documentaries like bbc earth or dinosaur movies like jw or jp?

[astral spindle]

Wait wasn't it 11.8 meters long?

[hallow spear]

no, this is the holotype

[astral spindle]

Oh

[astral spindle]

How heavy is the 11.8 m one? 6.5 tons or 4.9 tons?

[fossil ingot]

The 11.8m isn't Anax
Its Fragilis

Anax is the 11.7m, which should be like 4.8-5.2t tmk

[hallow spear]

11.7m is like 4.8t or so, the 5t+ one is 11.8-12m

[warped peak]

The mighty AI

It's about the same size as Palaeosaniwa

I don't think an aussie croc is out of the picture but you'd want something better than Quinkana. Like Baru or Paludirex

[ionic crescent]

I can confirm why, I got send back in the day few reference, Scott Hartman's among em, but it seems Scott ones were posed in a weird way when drawn, leading to the legs to be shorter than needed

Nowadays, even with long leg stuff, kapro remains as tall as Scott Hartman's reference

So in shorts, it was kinda one of the reasons it got some traits tweaked

[ionic crescent]

This one has legs longer than it should (scaled using vertebrae with phone, so apologies if it seems a tad displaced)

[warped peak]

Are we doing this discussion again

[ionic crescent]

I mean, it's the paleontology channel

[hallow spear]

no, hartman posed them in their sprawled position im pretty sure this exact convo has happened before iirc

[ionic crescent]

That's what I mainly meant (apologies if there was some misunderstanding on my own)

Should've worded it better

[hallow spear]

wyes but you said "leading to the legs to be shorter than needed" which isnt true, them being spraled is intentional and not shorter than needed its just perspective of the bone articulation

[ionic crescent]

I meant to the model we had

Since placed the model and made the legs as big as the reference, so the legs were shorter than what it should've been

[hallow spear]

https://tenor.com/view/i-have-an-idea-croods-the-croods-grug-gif-16310881167093655388

[ionic crescent]

I call this kaprogrughus, rhymes with Grug

[fierce quarry]

I see, thanks for the clarification !

[charred hearth]

can we go back to making saltasaurids looking like stellar sea cows on land

[ancient crystal]

No, we'll go further, we'll make them look like pre-randomdinos perucetus on land

[charred hearth]

well

[ancient crystal]

https://tenor.com/view/more-kylo-ren-adam-driver-screaming-star-wars-gif-17734637

[outer perch]

@winter marsh

[winter marsh]

That looks clean as hell. But why does it have weird symbols on its back

[ashen wedge]

I think Moto Moto likes you

[sterile trail]

Oh lawd he comin

[outer perch]

@winter marsh, I used the bottom image’s weird back shapes as inspiration.

I like the one that Looks like the “Goosebumps” G right above the R shaped pattern.

[charred hearth]

what made people depict saltasaurids hella fat?

[ancient crystal]

Probably the general bubble wrapping craze where people mistook morbidly obese, dying animals as a healthy size

[charred hearth]

whats the worse bubble wrapping, hadrosaurs street fightering combo's on therapods or obese dinosaurs

[ancient crystal]

Obese dinosaurs is bubble wrapping.

The worse of which I'd say is people treating triceratops' jugal bone as a massive muscle attachment site

[charred hearth]

oops, i thought the bubble wrapping term was when you from one extreme to another, oopsies

[balmy oyster]

People thinking edmontosaurus was doing mortal combat finishers on Rex

[ancient crystal]

But yes, edmusthosaurus is probably the worst thing to happen to paleontology in recent memory

[coral forge]

a lot of people saw x-rex and assume every edmontosaurus was a 10+ ton monster that could 1 shot t. rex

I had a debate with like 4 people on tiktok about whether or not edmontosaurus was bigger than and could easily kill a t. rex

[coral forge]

nah, tiktok finding out about oxalaia

[ancient crystal]

Even prey that can "easily" kill their predators, and not that edmontosaurus could, usually try to run away first.

The only animal that needs to actively engage the other in a predator - prey interaction is the predator. The prey usually chooses to first wholly avoid injury.

[balmy oyster]

Oxalaia is just fragmentary species no. 257, in the grand scheme of things it hasn’t done much

[coral forge]

you haven't seen a comment section of any video on spinosaurids have you

[charred hearth]

Was edmonto the only prey item that rex usually hunted that was faster then it?

[balmy oyster]

I don’t need to, edmonto glaze is significantly worse

[coral forge]

well I doubt Triceratops was much faster and I don't see a rex hunting anything else

[charred hearth]

torosaurus, denversaurus, ankylosaurus all found....alive? in a ditch

[coral forge]

ive seen people get threats for having oxalaia in their top 10 spinosaurids because "its only 2 bones meaning it isn't even valid + youre actually just a spino fan who wants to be different"

[charred hearth]

did they lie

[balmy oyster]

This is common in megatheropod arguments, it never goes anywhere other than empty threats because…lo and behold the really big animal with really big teeth that hunts really big animals is really big and awesome. What a shocker

[coral forge]

we have no evidence for rex hunting anky, I doubt it would go for denver and toro definitely wasnt faster

[charred hearth]

are you for or against rex hunting toro

[balmy oyster]

Rex probably hunted everything let’s be real here

[coral forge]

I don't see why it wouldn't
its just a slightly bigger trike after all

[charred hearth]

is toro bigger? i thought trike was , or their the same size

[balmy oyster]

It’s about the same size, prorsus is larger though

[charred hearth]

whats the difference between prorsus and horridus again? size? horn shape?

[balmy oyster]

Pretty minimal, but “major” differences are usually with the brow/nasal horns and uhhh there was another thing regarding the back of skull?

[charred hearth]

was nedo prorsus or horridus?

[balmy oyster]

horridus

[coral forge]

I don't know about EVERYTHING

[charred hearth]

and tatankaceratops?

[balmy oyster]

This is significantly more favorable compared to other theropod-sauropod relationships

[ancient crystal]

Alamosaurus as far as we know hardly overlapped with Tyrannosaurus, and honestly? If that's all the size difference, I can see a particularly dedicated large tyrannosaurus taking that down

[charred hearth]

i dont know, i kinda can see two rex's actually attempting to take down one, maybe not a fully healthy one, but even a slightly sick, young or old indivual

[undone rapids]

That one is pretty doable actually, though bigger alamos, yeah

[ancient crystal]

The neck is right in the range of the most devastating bite of the mesozoic

Though that puts the rex in kicking range

[undone rapids]

Ambush from behind, bite leg/tail base and its got a pretty good shot

[balmy oyster]

I’m certain most of the time tyrannosaurs wouldn’t bother alamosaurs and go after something else, but as Venator said Rex could absolutely handle one down if needed to

Not to mention the Rex here isn’t even on the larger side either, just imagine one that’s pushing ~9 - 10 tons lol

[coral forge]

ig, but for something that's used to 1 shotting things smaller than it it would be tough

[coral forge]

idk what you're talking about

[charred hearth]

why is it so low quality

[balmy oyster]

This…kind of confirms my point

but also rebbachisaurus hehahuehae

[coral forge]

idk it was the only good pic for paralititan I could find

[charred hearth]

giga's formation was giga's dream

[balmy oyster]

200 rebbachisaurs

[undone rapids]

Carchs loved rabbechis so much that when they went extinct carchs followed

[charred hearth]

what abt tarbo and its sauropods?

[undone rapids]

It hunted them and everything else in its formation, Cuz big Predator

[balmy oyster]

Considerably more favorable than even Rex and Alamo

[coral forge]

the weight difference was nearly half of rex and alamo iirc

the best theropod sauropod matchup is probably sucho and nigersaurus or smth

[undone rapids]

Are You Sure?

[ancient crystal]

No nigersaurus was too precious for any animal to actually kill, that's how they survived don't ya know

[undone rapids]

Part 2 and 2.5

[coral forge]

oh i didnt realise giga lived with so many dwarf sauropods lol
sucho vs nigersaurus is still a good runner up though

[undone rapids]

Those are normal sized sauropods, Giga is just Huge(same with the bigger sauropods)

[ancient crystal]

Nigersaurus used Jurassic World logic and used its many teeth to automatically defeat suchomimus in battle

[coral forge]

I still cant get over the nigersaurus kill animations in jwe2

[undone rapids]

Theropods living with similar sized sauropods was pretty common

[charred hearth]

everyone says ceratopsians and hadrosaurs were fodder...but the real fodder was sauropods

[warped peak]

The real fodder was the friends we made along the way

[charred hearth]

ceratosaurus was fodder to allo because jurassic fight club said it was

[coral forge]

[undone rapids]

Barosaurus slept with an Eye open, it always feared the tinies would ambush it in its sleep

[coral forge]

fr
people think the only natural predator of barosaurus was allosaurus when in reality it was ornitholestes, the true apex of the morrison formation

the diplodocus never learned to fear them and look what happened

[last adder]

Painful to read this honestly.

[thorn grove]

Tbf it seems sarcastic

[last adder]

Being large wasn't all they had going for them. They had incredibly unique and distinct well-optimized anatomy and most likely had other behavioral adaptations that contributed to survival.- even if we don't exactly know the.

Also you're probably right Oogma, but I wanted to state that regardless.

[tough parcel]

“Sauropods aren’t fodder” people when I put the 3 year old sauropodlet against the local apex predator

[last adder]

Babies of any species are vulnerable.

[full lagoon]

Okay, then let's put a baby charcharadontosaur against a fully grown sauropod (it's fodder)

[last adder]

That's like calling a human fodder because our offspring are utterly defenseless alone.

[tough parcel]

Unfortunately, young carcharodontosaurs and humans do not comprise a majority of the ecosystem for either

[last adder]

Irrelevant to our point entirely but okay?

[full lagoon]

You don't don't become one of the most dominant herbivore groups during the late cretaceous by being "fodder"

[tough parcel]

The humble hadrosaur:

and it isn’t @last adder because the point of my half-joke was that young sauropods were very much the norm you’d encounter considering they laid eggs by the hundreds (if not thousands)

Obviously the adults would be easier to find but I kind of doubt they’d have the same density as younger individuals

[thorn grove]

I see his point kind of

Baby Sauropods being far more common than baby Carcharodontosaurs would make them more conventially "fodder" since they would be getting picked off in massive numbers

[undone rapids]

The local apex predator ends up being a Azdarchid which dies due to being too stupid and trying to eat a baby larger than its Throat and Stomach

[coral forge]

the humble hippopotamus

[full lagoon]

I don't understand why we consider prey animals "fodder" when everything we glaze wouldn't exist without them (for more reasons than just as food as well)

[last adder]

Putting it like that makes sense, but having a high mortality rate at any life stage does not make a species unsuccessful or unfit.

[undone rapids]

That baby sauropod tears its way out of the azdarchid, eats leaves and grows big and strong, it once accidentally eats a Liazard and earns the name of "Lord of the Lizard Eaters"

[full lagoon]

It's stupid to rank animals like we are power scaling them, and I'm honestly tired of it

[thorn grove]

Yea I dislike the term fodder in general since I don't really think it means much but in turn brings an unnecessarily negative connotation into the discussion, but if someone was going to call an animal "fodder" then heavily R-selected animals that encompass a major portion of the predator's diet does fit that bill more than any other

[full lagoon]

Those animals literally carry their ecosystems though, and most wouldn't survive without them. It's not a matter of linear strength and predation.

[halcyon cobalt]

“ I like dinosaurs, but for more nuanced reasons than you”

[last adder]

Is the way young sauropods behaved/were raised, ect known about at all? I know that they had large clutches of very small offspring- but are there any other indicators?

[full lagoon]

The so called S-Tier dinosaurs when the "fodder" no longer exists (they are cooked)

[ancient crystal]

That is how the extinction went down tbf

[thorn grove]

I mean fodder doesn't necessarily mean bad, the most basic definition of fodder is literally just "food"

[full lagoon]

That's why it's stupid to talk about them like that imo. All of them are important.

[halcyon cobalt]

I’m pretty sure we have evidence for age-specific herding

[full lagoon]

Still carries a pretty strong negative connotation for most

[last adder]

That would certainly make sense! And isn't too dissimilar to the strategies other dinosaurs used such as specific hadrosaurs.

[full lagoon]

Especially in the context of how most people use the word (Power scaling)

[thorn grove]

I understand, that's why I said before I dislike the term in general, rather just clarifying that using the term to simply mean "animal that gets eaten a lot" isn't necessarily wrong even if it comes across as a needlessly harsh descriptor

[last adder]

Large theropods are fodder the day they're born (Whenever they inevitably die they get eaten by scavengers and microorganisms)

[full lagoon]

What annoys me most about the term is the implication that said organism is inferior. Some organisms are better at certain things than others but this by no means means one is inherently "better"

[glass vessel]

Your argument is invalid

[last adder]

Says the fodder (you'll also die one day and get decomposed in one way or another.)

[thorn grove]

I agree

[charred hearth]

everything is inferior to tartigrades

[full lagoon]

Tradigrades are awesome but they aren't invincible, they commonly get eaten by snails

They can only become "invulnerable" in a period of stasis, and can't actually move and eat in this state. It's mainly to wait out unfavorable conditions for as long as possible.

[winter marsh]

So the Immortal snail is just a snail who got too much fed up on tardigrades?

[last adder]

Being eaten is just normal, regardless of how or when it happens. It doesn't determine success whatsoever if you're still adapted to your circumstances and reproducing.

[hardy sentinel]

This is too peak

[ancient crystal]

People will look at this and say "not fat enough"

[last adder]

Some may also think it's not slim enough.

[ancient crystal]

Haven't actually seen that take yet. People are obsessed with the idea dinosaurs were overly obese

[full lagoon]

I feel like it's either extreme for some reason

[last adder]

From what I've seen there's been a lot of paleoart- even modern- that gives them way too little soft tissue in some areas. Could just be me though

It's generally been getting less common though I think?

[full lagoon]

For whatever reason there's not too much of a middle ground in this regard, and we either have skinny or obese dinosaurs mainly

[ancient crystal]

The only shrinkwrapping I've seen for ages now (outside of the jurassic franchise keeping brand consistency) is in skeletals and there's a reason for it being present there

[full lagoon]

I mean in skeletals it makes sense as you are just tracing the bones essentially

[full lagoon]

It really depends on which Jurassic dinosaur and what part of the body. Lots of them are considerably beefy in the limbs, and I actually don't think that's too unrealistic at all.

[open compass]

Expect for short legs

[hardy sentinel]

Why are you using Sue? The legs seem proportionally correct, it's just the fact that Sue is huge compared to the average Rex

[ancient crystal]

Hank is on the same level as sue and I will not hear otherwise

[outer tusk]

Me when PHP rex uses sues:

[hardy sentinel]

Where is that stated?

[outer tusk]

just fyi this is the lastest one

[thorn grove]

tbf it looks to be scaled to the same length as sue here

[hardy sentinel]

Does Hank use Sue's skeletal as a reference or is Hank literally a giant Rex in PHP?

[open compass]

Which specimen I should use for this comparison?

[hardy sentinel]

AMNH 5027, pretty sure that one's the average size for a Rex

Also scale Hank up or down to show it better when overlapping with the specimen

[full lagoon]

Regardless of the argument of the leg height, the PHP rex was a very good interpretation

[hardy sentinel]

So is Hank a 1:1 of Sue or do they just use her skeletal?

[full lagoon]

The other skeletal honestly looks more excessively tall rather than him being short

[open compass]

I'm not an expert but I'm pretty sure that's wrong

[outer tusk]

he's not a 1:1 but he's just a fatter overlay of scott's sue

[opaque kayak]

TBH hank don't look like sue unless they articulated her ribs like that mount so her torso would be huge

[full lagoon]

Legs seem the same

[hardy sentinel]

Also it kinda just looks like Hank is more set in and his weight is on him rather than his legs being short

[opaque kayak]

Looking at this Hank looks kinda proportionate to the mount

[open compass]

This one?
Also, it's not only "hank", all 6 rexes from PhP had short legs.

[hardy sentinel]

I thought all Rexes in PhP were Hank since it's all the same design (give or take size variation)

[outer tusk]

so in the mating scene was Hank mating with himself?

[full lagoon]

💀

[hardy sentinel]

Not what i'm tryna say, I'm tryna say that I thought Hank was the name for the Rex model, not that it's a reoccuring animal

[full lagoon]

Hank is specifically the one in the first episode I think, the father

[outer tusk]

Hank is not an offical name given to nor a real rex speicmen or the PHP rex

[last adder]

Hank is the name for the father dinosaur that was shown early in the series, yeah.

[hardy sentinel]

That's really boring, thought it was just a nickname for every Rex in the series

[outer tusk]

https://tenor.com/view/thanos-reality-is-often-disappointing-stone-infinity-stone-gamora-gif-14046382

[full lagoon]

It's just a fan given name anyways

[open compass]

[hardy sentinel]

Why does a Rex swimming and flipping a turtle get a name but not the two Rexes who risked their lives fighting an Edmontosaurus

Or that one that killed a Trike off screen and instantly laid some pipe 2 minutes after

[full lagoon]

The whole deal was that Hank had a big daddy vibe to him, and that's why fans named it that.

[open compass]

Fixed*

[ancient crystal]

Did they really risk their lives? Seemed like a pretty clean encounter to me

[hardy sentinel]

He barely did anything parental 💀

[ancient crystal]

And the others did nothing parental

[last adder]

He led his children across water to an island with food?

[outer tusk]

I don't think that you need to be a "good" dad to be label such a name

[full lagoon]

Well he was the first introduced one as well, and set the image for tyrannosaurus further along the series

[hardy sentinel]

You can still go into an encounter that can risk your life without anything actually happening to you

@last adder he woulda done that without kids either way, the kids just followed him

[open compass]

I just can't understand how they made such a mistake

[ancient crystal]

Also, the main trailer for PhP refers to how he's being a dad rather than being the most powerful predator on the planet for the day

[full lagoon]

What mistake?

[last adder]

I suppose that's true? But he did show genuine concern when one of the babies got snatched by the mosasaur and acknowledged it.

[opaque kayak]

Titanoboa and T rex

[open compass]

Legs are too short

[ancient crystal]

I remember seeing a "documentary" that tried to convince its audience titanoboa could kill a tyrannosaurus

[full lagoon]

I wouldn't say that necessarily, it's just that they made him very bulky

[hardy sentinel]

The Rex just seems very set into his weight and he has bulk, not that his legs are short

[full lagoon]

This image is sue as well, your post isn't an end-all response

[ancient crystal]

Is my discord bugging or is this the exact same messages that were sent 5 minutes ago?

[hardy sentinel]

those skeletals are standing straight up and don't look affected by their own weight

[last adder]

They are t posed essentially.

[opaque kayak]

I know it's sue, but it has a incorrect rib articulation in that mount, so it wouldn't be looking like sue if it looked like that mount.

[full lagoon]

Literally a shrink-wrapped t-posed dinosaur isn't equal to one in a natural position

[opaque kayak]

Handsome hank scares me

[ancient crystal]

Can I please have a source for that, I believe you, I mean just look at it, it looks ridiculous. But anytime I mention that I've been told that the ribs are incorrect I'm asked for a source and I. Can't. Find. One.

[hardy sentinel]

Isn't the ceiling also too low originally so they set up the Sue mount to be lower than she would be in life? I remember being told that in this chat a few months back

[open compass]

https://youtu.be/Y5tkbtWA8tM?si=S9Rz2MZRzdejVNVA 16:00

[opaque kayak]

Basically almost other archosaur has a bent back ribs(https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.20989), and rex is like that as well. The field museum mount has the gastralia too low, and the ribs bending foward instead of backwards

[last adder]

This honestly looks very strange and unsteady with those elongated legs. How they are in the show makes him seem much better planted.

[opaque kayak]

https://tenor.com/view/ouch-ow-jump-hit-in-the-head-ceiling-fan-gif-16768585

[hallow spear]

I’m pretty sure there’s an official overlay for the pp Rex

[outer tusk]

I JUST DID IT

[last adder]

Not sure what this image is supposed to be proving but the legs look perfect to me.

So much more well defined than a good bit of depictions.

[open compass]

Those are official sizes of PhP's dinos

[last adder]

Oh, awesome!

[open compass]

Someone should make comparison between these two, mine isn't good

[sour spindle]

https://youtu.be/wiDZinjwmK4?si=pP7h0tQ9jl1378DR

[last adder]

The musculoskeletal drawing really do seem kinda overly tall ngl. This is coming from someone who has been around multiple Tyrannosaurus mounts in person.

[warped peak]

Thats because mounts are usually outdated and in an active pose

Neutral pose is always taller

[last adder]

How outdated are the mounts from the HMNS? I certainly could be wrong.

[ancient crystal]

What is the sauropod behind the giraffe

[open compass]

Alamosaurus

[ancient crystal]

Alamo was larger than dread? I didn't know that

[balmy oyster]

For some reason museum mounts make dinosaur dorsal vertebrae very straight and usually give them real deep torsos

[full lagoon]

Php rex still isn't anywhere near this deep, I think some angles and scenes might make it seem that way though. It still looks super realistic to me.

[native kindle]

remember kids, animals are usually closer to starvation than they are obesity please stop making everything fat this isn't a zoo

[lone wraith]

But they shouldn’t be shrink wrapped

[native kindle]

where in my message does it say to start shrink wrapping things?

[hardy sentinel]

There's a difference between a bulky animal and a fat animal, Rex is bulky but people just call it fat

[wispy knot]

Is trex vs spinosaurus a on going debate

[native kindle]

because php rex is fat and improperly proportioned so now people have continued making it more and more fat

[native kindle]

animal versus animal debates don't exist in a paleontological setting, especially for two animals who are completely ecologically different

its like going "dude this hyena gets wrecked by a tiger, bad animal"

[balmy oyster]

Chances are if the two did live together, they wouldn’t fight frequently as both occupy completely different niches (albeit environment and fauna richness also matters too)

[warped peak]

In an AVA context, no lol

Big Rex is almost twice the size of the largest Spino that isn't a singular toe

[wispy knot]

An "acquaintance" of mine thinks spino>trex simply because of idek(I tried my best to help him but got angry and said some wild things)

[ancient crystal]

Its like the ugly duckling, somewhere in the cretaceous a spinosaurus was bullied by its peers for having a freakishly large toe but now children on the internet thinks it means 20 ton spino is still a thing

[wispy knot]

Spinosaurus was faster though not in terms of agility

Spinosaurus weighed less i just assumed so

[balmy oyster]

Maybe spino got big feet when it becomes old

[wispy knot]

maybe it's like a tiger😎

[drifting condor]

You guys like it
(I know it sucks)

[wispy knot]

Is spinosaurus even an apex? I see carchardontosaurus as the superior CARNIVORE

[drifting condor]

Wdym?

[wispy knot]

Carchardontosaurus should be definitively be seen as the apex of north africa

[drifting condor]

Well they fill different niches

[wispy knot]

spinosaurus was really just chilling by the pound you know existing

[drifting condor]

So?

[wispy knot]

Carchardontosaurus has really been proven to be the more superior species

[charred hearth]

spinosaurus in hell creek having to fight the mosaurus for the 3 piece baby trex meal:

[drifting condor]

Wdym by that spino was good at the niche it filled

[jagged trellis]

me when 2 mega fauna who are the highest of their respective niches don't have the same exact niche
therefor both

[native kindle]

apex carnivore is a dumb form of terminology

spinosaurus still occupied the highest trophic level in its environment, it was doing just fine

[ancient crystal]

Kinda redundant too since an herbivore by their very definition cannot be an apex, so you don't need to specify if the apex is carnivorous

[jagged trellis]

the best apex term is clearly: the big things

[native kindle]

depending how you view it, spino might occupy a higher trophic level than carcharodontosaurus too gotta love the fish eaters

[ancient crystal]

The virgin 2nd trophic level carcharodontosaurus vs the chad 3rd trophic level spinosaurus

[frigid delta]

how accurate is Will's Udanoceratops?

[ancient crystal]

Various spinosaurus images for the person from general chat

I guess its not taller at the hip but I was referring to head height

[lilac scroll]

Regardless I appreciate you finding the pictures

I'm pretty sure the old spino model was larger however

[ancient crystal]

Oh that is definitely true

[wispy knot]

Not even

[last adder]

No cheeks-

[west drum]

Can anyone hand me a good acrocanthosaurus skeletal please?

[knotty plank]

Well considering they "supposedly" ate nothing but fish i would have to agree spino (bc of its diet) would probably not be an apex granted I had much more advantages (similar to how lions are "kings" of the jungle its aditude alone from what we think happened in its life time

[wispy knot]

Ye I gotchu

[wispy knot]

Lions are the apex because its species is the "strongest"(even though they have the most butt booty cheeked up hunt success rate of all time)

[wispy knot]

What was the average height of a trex 15 feet yes?

[balmy oyster]

Measurements for prehistoric animals use the metric system ☝️ 🤓

[wispy knot]

4.572 meters yes?

[balmy oyster]

Why is it so specific 🥀

also second thing: length is preferred more, since height is VASTLY variable

[wispy knot]

That's how you get 15 feet

[balmy oyster]

If you use the feet - meter conversion Google provides yea

[knotty plank]

If thats the case then what stops a 1v1 of a elephant vs a lion ? The lion is smart enough to know it cant take a elephant down 1v1 same with anything else smaller then t rex or spino if they weren't seen a threat they most likely aren't worth the risk(which is how lions hunt)

In theory this is what makes it an apex btw if the threat is higher then reward its not worth to fight which is seen in quite a few ways of nature and can be tracked throughout the entire world by almost all hunting behaviors of creatures

Granted there the rare case of seeing 1v1 in nature unless prey os overcome by predators 10x over which i would imagine is how spino would of hunted if we knew for sure it was more then a fish eater

[wispy knot]

Ngl bro you might gotta slow down i just got back on this topic😭 so my brain is refreshed

[balmy oyster]

Not a single comma located

[wispy knot]

ye it was a little confusing

[knotty plank]

Oh im sorry!!! Just very excited to talk about spino ans thw way it could of been and how modern animals can relate to past creatures

[wispy knot]

That is very cool👍

[knotty plank]

And? Im not righting a letter to nasa or anything like that im jist sharing my thoughts and ideas to see if anyone else has insights on it and their thoughts of how they would of been

[wispy knot]

it doesn't have to be a letter written by nasa if you're writing something of such length then it could be confusing to others

ngl I might go back to just doing calculus or something dinosaur to complex for me

[hardy sentinel]

yo update me on the fight/debate I wanna pick sides

[balmy oyster]

It’s just your messages are a little confusing, I don’t see why you can’t incorporate a comma here and there to prevent long run-off sentences 😭

[knotty plank]

Oh well im ngl I don't focus on punctuation when it comes to specific things so nvm about it

[hardy sentinel]

someone tell me the beef, yall are getting heated from what i'm reading

[balmy oyster]

Nothing is happening atm

[knotty plank]

Gl ig to u guys hope ur debate goes well

[hardy sentinel]

guess I gotta read back and suffer the puncuation horrors

[hardy sentinel]

In the Kem Kem there are two apex predators there, Spinosaurus and Carcha. One isn't considered better than the other on which is the apex carnivore in the formation

Carcha is the apex predator, but Spinosaurus is the apex piscivore in the formation

[wispy knot]

carcha is apex spinosaurus is not get mogged

[balmy oyster]

( ^ This message alone should tell you everything about the previous “debate”.)

[hardy sentinel]

Main reason I don't take the arguments of peeps with the new person badge seriously until they prove they aren't joking

[wispy knot]

No I've been in this server for more than a year

[hardy sentinel]

mhm...

[balmy oyster]

have fun you two

[wispy knot]

@sand gyro this me

[hardy sentinel]

Apex refers to what is at the top of the food chain, nothing to do with strength (though that is a factor)

[hardy sentinel]

Oh you're the guy who kept doing animal vs animal talks

I still ain't taking you seriously

[balmy oyster]

The video is still playing it turned into a ghost

[hardy sentinel]

thank you emu

[stuck chasm]

@wispy knot Hello! Please keep posts on-topic and appropriate while in this Discord server. Refer to our #rules and pinned guidelines in every channel you intend to use.

[frigid delta]

I WANT T. REX DOING A LOAF SIT
I WANT THEIR LOAF SIT

[hardy sentinel]

speedrawn loaf rex

[hardy sentinel]

if I knew patience i'd put effort into art that isn't speed drawing and probably pump out some peak

[flint hornet]

Why is there so much spinosaurus and ankylosaurus love on social media

[hardy sentinel]

they're cool

[balmy oyster]

Cus they’re cool

[opaque kayak]

1# is conversation starter and 2# is anky armour op

[hardy sentinel]

should I draw a baby Rex doing the loaf?

[opaque kayak]

(Nah I'm joking they are both cool )

[hardy sentinel]

Yeah i'm horrible at drawing baby Rexes

that's why I stick to the FATTIES when drawing dinos

[frigid delta]

two finger carcharodontosaur

[small ore]

Hey guys, What’s your favorite Dinosaur?

[mossy patrol]

[frigid delta]

Tyrannosaurus, Spinosaurus, & Giganotosaurus
the big three

[small ore]

Oh okay, mine would be the Allosaurus.

[flint hornet]

Pycnonemosaurus,carnotaurus,kryptops,rajasaurus…..I know,very hard to guess my favourite theropod genus….

[hardy sentinel]

based on the baby Rex from PhP, i'm just bad with heads for some reason

[small ore]

Loll, isn’t Kryptops a Carnivorous Therapod?

[flint hornet]

Yeah,it’s an abelisaurid,my fav genus

[hardy sentinel]

clade

[flint hornet]

Oh srry,forgot Clade was the word lol

[small ore]

Nice, well nothin’ special about my old Boi Allosaurus, coming from the Allosauridae 🥱

Well nice chat, Ima head to bed.

[small ore]

Loll, okay okay fine. But yeah Goodnight.

[balmy oyster]

TTT more basal than acro…

[flint hornet]

What’s everyone’s top 5 favourite Clades? Mine goes

1. Abelisaurids
2. Ceratopsids
3. Tyranosauroids or however you call it
4. Charcaradontosaurids
   5.Megaraptora

[flint hornet]

Huh?

[flint hornet]

Kk,I kinda just pulled the chart out of my ass,I didn’t take time to check if it was accurate lol

[severe yew]

https://tenor.com/view/dol-huh-eyes-disgusted-gif-11690827820922534530

please keep intimate details to yourself, i was eating

[flint hornet]

Out of my ass means finding the image from a source that doesn’t give any proof of being accurate

[severe yew]

too late, the thought won't go away now 😭

[flint hornet]

Sorry 😭

[warped peak]

1. Dinocerata
2. Amphicyonidae
3. Archegosauridae
4. Arthropoda as a whole
5. Coelurosauria

[astral spindle]

Carcharodontosaurus, Shantungosaurus, Stegosaurus/Utahraptor

[stark roost]

Irritator and uh Supersaurus. They kinda cool

[stark roost]

I like sauroniops to

[balmy oyster]

Wish we had more to it, probably would’ve been a very cool looking animal

[stark roost]

Did epanterias turn into allosaurus amplexus or was the species morphed into one of the other allo species

[balmy oyster]

50/50 between weird fragilis & “A. amplexus”

[hardy sentinel]

5. Tyrannosaurus
6. Allosaurus
7. Ostrich
8. Kelenken
9. Sparrows

[balmy oyster]

Looks cursed but is completely accurate

[hardy sentinel]

the best dinosaurs are the ones I can see

[hardy sentinel]

oh mb lemme just

5. Mosasaurus
6. Pterodactyl
7. Mammoth
8. Smilodon
9. T.rex

[lofty creek]

uh
chat
we seem to have some Zhuchengtyrannus news again

[hardy sentinel]

oh?

[balmy oyster]

They’re all dead and lived before my great great grandpa so all are dinosaurs

[stark roost]

Huh?