paleontology

[light osprey]

Genyodectes, what a Chad

[compact leaf]

jokes aside this is honestly really interesting

either of those lineages being there at the time has some strange implications

[sullen cairn]

yeah next youngest camarasaurid seems to be in barremian england

and chances are that thing's actually a turiasaur

[compact leaf]

camarasauridae is also a bit of a mess right now so there could be some shuffling of things back into it eventually, but just eyeballing it makes me lean turiasaur too

[light osprey]

Imagine that, sauropod cladistics being shoddy

[compact leaf]

I know it's shocking but try to contain yourself

[sullen cairn]

who'd a thunk it

[compact leaf]

I mean it definitely has the start of the heart shape and deppressions we would expect from a turiasaur

camarasaurid is still a definite possibility too though

[sullen cairn]

still would be a pretty young turiasaur

actually would that make it the youngest turiasaur?

[compact leaf]

it would be between it and moabosaurus but I'm not sure if we have a confident date on moabosaurus, it was aptian last I heard

it would definitely be the youngest camarasaurid by a fair margin though

[sullen cairn]

moabasaurus seems to predate even aptian rn

[compact leaf]

yeah that would make this the youngest one then

[sullen cairn]

that's still pretty neat then

[compact leaf]

it also makes it the only cretaceous turiasaur from africa, the only one known from that part of africa at all too if I'm not mistaken I think the next nearest is madagascar

[west coral]

Upper yellowcat sailed iguanodont?

[sullen cairn]

actually if i'm reading this right moabasaurus might be as early as valanginian

[compact leaf]

I know mierasaurus is valanginian, it's possible moab was around that time too

I just double checked and yeah the only other mainland african turiasaur is one from the tendaguru, there might be more undescribed ones I'm missing though

[sullen cairn]

so cabao's definitely an anachronism as either camarasaur or turiasaur

[compact leaf]

yeah it's definitely an oddball

[sullen cairn]

cabao formation with its 9m 7m abelisaurid and brachiosaurid camarasaurid turiasaur tooth

how unforgiveable is it to scale the SA abelisaur teeth with llukalkan instead of majungasaurus even though it gets larger estimates

[ruby patio]

Table give me your south american chart but with labels!!

(please)

[light osprey]

Caught me off guard too

[sullen cairn]

left-right = top-bottom

and then prudente thing and urc 44-r

and then argentina is largest to smallest: niebla, other la colonia thing, quilmesaurus, carno

urc 44-r's bigger than normal cause its scaled with llukalkan

[light oxide]

. . . Why does that Carnotaurus silhouette look so familiar?

[light osprey]

Probably cause it’s a Carnotaurus

[sullen cairn]

it's randoms skeletal

[pearl briar]

day 10388272816491 of waiting kenyan giant abelisaur got described & named

[sullen cairn]

real

[light osprey]

Excited for the absolute stinker of a genus name they’ll concoct

[sullen cairn]

at least the bar is very low

[light osprey]

Im hoping for an innoffensive name, like “Lapurrisaurus”

[sullen cairn]

how bout clarence

[tough parcel]

I hope the name translates to “Mega death killer monster lizard from San Diego”

[sullen cairn]

megathanatophoneodeinosaurus sandiegensis

[tough parcel]

Real!!!

[light osprey]

Micropachycephalosaurus hongtuyanensis finally has a worthy opponent

[ruby patio]

Whats the president prudente thing

[sullen cairn]

maxilla

the old carch one

[steady rock]

i have a question, is this statement correct?
" Birds ARE reptiles and should be counted as such. Being derived doesn’t make you not part of the group anymore. "

[sullen cairn]

Reptilia’s broadly equivalent to sauropsids or diapsids so you could make the argument reptilia (discluding birds) exists as a paraphyletic group

[steady rock]

i have no clue what that meant

[sullen cairn]

Reptile can be defined as to exclude birds without screwing up general tetrapod phylogeny

[steady rock]

ooh

[bright veldt]

Because somebody was curious earlier, here's a size chart of every single creature in ARK according to their accurate real life counterparts (Open in Browser to see proper. It's alot.) I know it involves ARK but it's still the accurate sizes of various taxa so

[sullen cairn]

not cursed yuty weight inner peace

downsize it more

[west coral]

feller is a paperweight

[sullen cairn]

blamesom's is like 1220kg scaling with the gdi and i say we go for that

kill it with fire

[west coral]

Why

[sullen cairn]

damage control from 2t+ yuty

[west coral]

Fair

But who in their right mind made yuty 2t+

I say, don’t hate the game, hate the player

Have an active warrant out for their head

[sullen cairn]

afaik falcon thought the dorsal in the yuty gdi was too thin because it was based off guanlong (the only basal tyrannosauroid with a dorsal) and that somehow spiraled to Yuty being 2t and 8.1m even though random's edit is .5m longer than most other Yutry skeletals

mind you the other yuty gdi uses a tyrannosaurid for a dorsal and iirc that thing still doesn't hit 2t even at max length

[west coral]

Maybe that could be a size chart you do, all of the larger Yixian fellers

[sullen cairn]

i'm not that much of a masochist

[west coral]

I said larger

[sullen cairn]

ah that's actually a good idea

[west coral]

Not even the devil himself would punish someone to make all of the little birds and stuff in Yixian

[sullen cairn]

doesn't sound like a half bad idea for larger things
but i first i need to figure out rio preto dating so i can figure out if i include thanos in the abelisaurid chart

[west coral]

Simple

just add thanos as a scale

[sullen cairn]

i mostly don't want thanos in because kurupi's already there and that's enough abelisaurids with terrible names for one chart already

[west coral]

Do it for the vine

[sullen cairn]

your next task is to figure out anything with bauru group chronologies

[west coral]

https://tenor.com/view/noooo-gif-23973681

[sullen cairn]

i'll never not be happy pycno god removed from that mess

[west coral]

I’m not good with chronologies and subcategories of formations but i have heard bauru’s a mess

[sullen cairn]

the dating is absolutely abhorrent and it keeps getting split up into different subdivisions

[west coral]

Why split something that has been already broken up

[sullen cairn]

adamantina's been split into at most three formations (1-2 of which are generally accepted) and serra da galga got split from marilia

[west coral]

I don’t get why, same layer, same timeframe, in the same place, means whatever is buried there lived together, no?

[sullen cairn]

adamantina itself is huge sizewise

[west coral]

You got a map?

[west coral]

Damn, that’s more than half of the entire basin!

[sullen cairn]

presidente prudente also gets split off from it too but that isnt on the map

[west coral]

a tangled mess

[ruby patio]

Aait whats the Colombian tooth again

[sullen cairn]

UCMP 39649a

[bright veldt]

Updated chart to include Patagotitan cause I just had a dev tell me "Yeah, the titanosaur IS Patagotitan, it was just added before it was named"

[sullen cairn]

kill yutyrannus more

and i will not stand this blatant iggy slander

[sand silo]

Question: what would probably be the best tasting dinosaur and/or prehistoric animal to eat?

[viscid surge]

Excuse my ignorance but what is this?

[bright veldt]

All ARK Creatures in accurate sizes. Puts perspective on some taxa.

[sullen cairn]

why's iggy so small while every other herbi's at max size

[nocturne gazelle]

How much bigger would iggy be?

[sullen cairn]

random's skeletal's already 5t

[viscid surge]

Are the largest known toothed whales still around?

[bright veldt]

afaik Bull Sperm Whales are the largest proper toothed whales

[woeful falcon]

That's my understanding as well

[viscid surge]

Hmm that’s pretty cool then

Can this be considered convergent evolution?

[pearl briar]

nobody:
literally no one:
not every a single soul:
not even a word from god:
Azhdarchids:

[chilly knot]

relatable

[bronze storm]

Anyone have a good mapusaurus & majungasaurus skeletal

[white matrix]

So how is everyone today? What dinosaur are we debating today?

[astral kelp]

For majunga I’d use Hartmanns skeletal

[white matrix]

Majungasaurus to me seems like that one dinosaur nobody really likes but nobody really dislikes. It's just there.

[bright raft]

Have you read the new paper talking about how Tarbosaurus was more intelligent than humans, also they where the largest animal on earth. It's a good read 👌

[white matrix]

Ah yes. The largest animal. :)

[bright raft]

24 thousand tons to be exact

Tarbosaurus is undoubtedly the perfect life form

[narrow moss]

I think you need to stay off of the Peters site

[bright raft]

Tarbosaurus is coming for you... you need to run

[astral kelp]

Tarbosaurus is not 24t lol

[bright raft]

It's actually 10x largest than Godzilla earth who is 300 meters tall

Just 1 of them is powerful enough to destroy an entire solar system

[heady bay]

Wait what is this for?

[heady thunder]

Ark

[bright veldt]

It was me putting the ark roster into perspective in their irl sizes. Posted here cause ik some folks were curious when I mentioned it before and it’s more paleo than ark related anyways.

[nocturne gazelle]

Banned for off topic game slander

Man I didn't realize amarg is so tiny

[compact leaf]

dicraeosaurids as a whole are pretty small compared to other sauropods

[sullen cairn]

dicraeosaurus when [current large tendaguru averostran appendicular/tooth element]
bajadasaurus when similarly-sized abelisaur

[heady thunder]

Dicraeosaurs when I put them in a game with TRex

[sullen cairn]

the 15km/h 3.5t sauropod when literally any theropod over 4t

[heady thunder]

https://tenor.com/view/ja-morant-dunked-on-gif-25409209

[sullen cairn]

man

[heady thunder]

They trash it irl just like in game.

[light osprey]

Real and true

[heady thunder]

Do we only have one eo specimen?

[sullen cairn]

Yep

[heady thunder]

Sad. Same with barbs

[sullen cairn]

Me when the two giant pot herbis both only have only one skeletal and it’s by gat and is significantly smaller than in-game

[heady thunder]

You say one skeletal, what pot hears is, do whatever the fck with it.

[sullen cairn]

Skull length scaling moment

They should replace pycno with 11m ekrix too

[tawdry plume]

Hello

[heady thunder]

Tbf to them, the size for eo and bars was decided by the dudes paying

[novel atlas]

Smaller theropods.

[nocturne gazelle]

Did they choose eo and bars?

[heady thunder]

Well yeah, all apexes are perk owned, not by the same dude iirc

[nocturne gazelle]

What I mean is, was the perk for an apex? Or were the perk dinos pre selected for people to choose from?

[woeful falcon]

Perks were based on the type of dino. Add a ceratopsian/carnosaur/etc

Some were pick any dino. That's how chei and spino got in

[heady thunder]

The perk was for any dino under 20m. They could have chose anything.
Dinos like rex and ceratopsians were a bit cheaper iirc then goofy stuff like duck.

[nocturne gazelle]

Interesting

[woeful falcon]

Ye. The any dino perks were the big spenders. Rex was a tyrannosaur perk, eo ceratopsian, bars hadro perk

[sullen cairn]

Too bad there weren’t any actual giant 10t hadrosaurs that were distinct from shangt

….

[light osprey]

Distinct like… not Edmontosaurus?

[sullen cairn]

Mexico erasure

Big Paul

[woeful falcon]

I don't think magnapaulia would have turned out well.

[sullen cairn]

Counterpoint: if they added magnapaulia instead of bars everyone would be calling it Paul and it would be the greatest thing

[heady thunder]

Iirc it was 1k for the normal dinos and 2k for the ones not in the group, so I think deinon, chei, spino payed the most, miragaia too I guess.

Paleo things, bones specimen BBC69420

[sullen cairn]

That’s why I prefer calling specimens by their given names such as yoshi and elvis

[heady thunder]

But barburger

[compact leaf]

some specimens have such fantastic names

the archbishop is probably my favorite name for an undescribed specimen

[sullen cairn]

Toni my beloved

[heady thunder]

Big Al

[light osprey]

Deja vu with this topic I feel like

[compact leaf]

oh we’ve definitely had this exact conversation in here before

[astral kelp]

Tristan might be my favourite

[hallow spear]

P. cyrtocristatus cf.
Edmontosaurus
Shantungosaurus
Saurolophus(?)
Barsboldia(=Saurolophus?)

[sullen cairn]

isn't bars more like 7-8t

[bright veldt]

It's probably around 7 tons if we compare to Saurolophus

1. Shantungosaurus (14m, 16 tons)
2. Edmontosaurus (15m, 14 tons) (?)
3. Parasaurolophus (13m, 12 tons)
4. Magnapaulia (12m, 10 tons)
5. Angulomasticator (12m, 9.5 tons)
6. Saurolophus (12m, 9 tons)
   7, 8, 9, 10. Amurosaurus (11m, 7 tons), Barsboldia (11m, 7 tons), Charonosaurus (11m, 7 tons), and Gryposaurus (10m, 7 tons)
7. Prosaurolophus (10m, 6.5 tons)
8. Tsintaosaurus (10m, 5 tons)

All hadrosaurs that're 5+ tons

[light osprey]

Hey Charonosaurus appearance

[cedar pewter]

https://tenor.com/view/scream-dinosaur-rawr-roar-go-away-gif-20199595

[sullen cairn]

it is done

chart of most of every maastrichtian/possible maastrichtian abelisaurid

[light osprey]

Remind me of the colour code again

[sullen cairn]

brazil = green, argentina = blue, turquoise = chile/colombia, orange = madagascar, red = india, grey = europe

top five longest are titanovenator (lapurr sandstone), urc 44-r (adamantina/vale do rio do peixe), lppr/us p l0020 (presidente prudente), indosuchus (lameta), and bruhathkayosaurus (kallemadu)

[light osprey]

Mm gotta love giant Abelisaurs.

[sullen cairn]

brazil's three 3000kg+ abelisaurids vs argentina's zero

and then kenya doing kenya

[stiff osprey]

the one thing our cretaceous record has over argentina's

[light osprey]

Maybe for a potential next undertaking. All the Maastrichtian Plesiosaurians scaled

[sullen cairn]

i was thinking of doing another formation
not sure which though

[light osprey]

Tremp

[sullen cairn]

alright
already scaled an abelisaur tooth there so that's a start

[light osprey]

Maybe include the Eusuchians from there too?

[sullen cairn]

I can try

there better be a decent allodaposuchus skeletal out there

[light osprey]

no chance there is

Oh wait is this one?

[sullen cairn]

yep

[light osprey]

Off to a smashing start

[sullen cairn]

i remember meeting someone who had an extistential crisis because while watching php they found out pyroraptor (apparently has a tooth from tremp) was from france and not greece

[light osprey]

Truly a modern travesty

[sullen cairn]

oh right also important to the abelisaurid chart is the actual sizes

[ruby patio]

president prudente is big damn

Now do all pre-maas abelisaurids

[stiff osprey]

if you do spinosaurids i will help

no other clade though. frick 'em

[ruby patio]

I think I have scaled Spinosaurids before

Except I got a cursed 16 meter spinosaurid vertebrae

[stiff osprey]

No one alive can rival me in unreliable spinosaur scaling

[sullen cairn]

Y’know the funniest thing happened in a certain server the other day….

[stiff osprey]

I forgot you were there for that
Let's leave everyone else in the dark

[sullen cairn]

Good idea

Honestly scaling spinosaurids doesn’t sound like the worst thing as long as you avoid wacky North African antics

[stiff osprey]

I have a plan to specifically go after the north african antics

But that will likely be after i figure out wtf i am doing with my university

[sullen cairn]

In that case I’m gonna avoid the North African shenanigans for as long as possible and live a nice long happy life trying to scale assorted teeth in western Europe and Southeast Asia

I should scale something to ichthyovenator’s first sacral height

[stiff osprey]

find a random isolated spinosaurus vert, then you can do that and get 40m

my true successor

[sullen cairn]

It’s an honor

[ruby patio]

Damn now im curious what happened

[light osprey]

Ew

[sullen cairn]

this turned out substantially worse than initially anticipated

[ruby patio]

Suxh is expected when scaling spinosauridae

[sand silo]

So itcyovenator is the biggest carnivore the world has ever seen-

[sullen cairn]

its the reconstructed height of spino holotype's first sacral scaled to ichthyovenator

[viscid surge]

I see

[vocal breach]

Here be skeleton bones obeone

[light osprey]

Trust in Table’s scaling

[west coral]

Is Barosaurus really found in the Dakota formation, or is it just a placeholder?

[vocal breach]

Baro is literally just a subadult pachycephhlosaurus idk what your talking about man…

[light osprey]

Seeing as the Dakota formation is in the middle Cretaceous, probably not

[bright raft]

Y'all seen FancySaurus yet?

[north quail]

How good is this for paleo

[north quail]

What should I change to make this more accurate

[stiff osprey]

Make the neck longer, the snout shorter, and the knees closer to the ground

The ankle is the shortest part of a dinosaur's leg, especially in Theri

[north quail]

Kk Ty

[tranquil quartz]

I think the tails a bit to thick as well isn’t it? I could be wrong.

[light osprey]

Dan Folkes skeletal

If I may add as well, it’s not too far fetched that derived Therizinosaurids would have had pennaceous arm feathers.

[rigid crypt]

largest deinocherius and charcar skeletals with weight?

[tranquil quartz]

Iirc Deinocheir is 8.5t and Carch is around 7t

[oak delta]

Is Mojoceratops Longrich it's own genus, or just a species of Chasmosaurus?

[white matrix]

I'm not really a plant guy but the recent TikTok meme about Lepidodendron has gotten me interested in the giant, scaly herb

[polar jewel]

Heya does anyone know what would be the length of an in life Allosaurus claw? I am not talking about the fossils, I assume there would be a keratinous sheath extending it while the animal was alive, so how much larger would it be?

[north quail]

Yeah it’s feathering, it’s a light sketch so I can go back and fix stuff and add detail when I get enough feedback^^

[north quail]

So take the arm feathers off?

[arctic blaze]

Have they released any new flying Dino’s yet?

[north quail]

No

[light osprey]

That’s the opposite of what I suggested

[north quail]

And since this is paleo chat.. u mean pterosaurs and not flying “Dinos”

[north quail]

Idk u confused me bc I don’t know words ._.

[light osprey]

These are the wing feathers it could’ve had. You can still reconstruct it with Beipiaosaurus’s wings.

[sullen cairn]

Pennaceous means you can use them to write with ink as a pen, hence the name

[viscid surge]

Theres a word for that?

[sullen cairn]

No I made it up

[viscid surge]

Understandable have a great day

[pearl briar]

what kind of fish Hybodus is if they aren't a true shark?

[light osprey]

A Hybodont

[bright veldt]

^

[sullen cairn]

turns out giant saurolophus is substantially larger in frame than tarbosaurus compared to what the first chart suggested once you put the legs into the neutral

in the last chart tarbo's head was nearly hitting the top of sauro's ilium

[compact leaf]

something about giant hadrosaurs just does it for me, they’re just neat

[sullen cairn]

100% agree

[light osprey]

Is that a Nemegtosaurus sized silhouette?

[sullen cairn]

yep

[lavish frigate]

Wow Tyrannosaurus bataar and saurlophus my favorite

[sullen cairn]

hell creek if it was based

[light osprey]

🥱 Tremp better

[lavish frigate]

Hell creek is based 🫵

[light oxide]

ALL formations are based . . . To an extent.

[light osprey]

Maastrichtian sorry you forgot to add this

[frosty anvil]

Icthyovenator is really interesting to me. Have we found just one skeleton or multiple? Because I still kinda doubt the actual animal would have had a gap in the sail like that (as cool as it is)

[sullen cairn]

what campanian-maastrichtian ones because brazil refuses to have stable sedimentology

[light osprey]

If they’re cool enough we call em Maastrichtian

So… idk don’t remember what Bauru formations were called

[sullen cairn]

What about campanian-maastrichtian taxa
Are they good or bad

[frosty anvil]

On a similar note whats up with concavenator??? Whys it like that?? Ridiculous. But so interesting

[light osprey]

Maastrichtian = good, doesn’t matter in what capacity

[sullen cairn]

Pycno slander 😠

[light osprey]

Extremely mid genus, missed the best period

[sullen cairn]

Just saying considering how scuffed bauru is is rio preto ends up as maastrichtian again you’re gonna have to like thanos

[light osprey]

https://tenor.com/view/kyloren-sad-star-wars-i-know-what-i-have-to-do-adam-driver-gif-11159545

[sullen cairn]

A most dangerous game

[tough parcel]

Implying I don’t already

[light osprey]

It all balances out with cool stuff like Mocuio

[sullen cairn]

I thought you were literally kurupi itaata not thanos

[tough parcel]

I can be one thing, but like another

[light osprey]

I went through some of the named material, they attributed something to Protostega down there and I’m running with it

[sullen cairn]

Isn’t that like pretty young for it

[light osprey]

Yeah

But so is 69mya for Archelon. These big marine turtles live a while I guess (maybe)

[sullen cairn]

they stay kicking until the kpg so its not wierdest thing ig

[light osprey]

Euclastes lives forever as well

There’s a surprising amount of giant turtles known from the maastrichtian tho

[sullen cairn]

meanwhile paleozoic stuff

[vocal breach]

Idk ask Scanova or smth

I just take skeletals

[tough parcel]

Multiple specimens afaik, but the one specimen with the dip does show damage, but it was the tips of the edge of the dip, so technically it should be more pronounced

[frosty anvil]

ooh

[steady rock]

was leed a deep or shallow filter feeder?

[copper flame]

why does kaiweakae have lips and why does it eat fish

[steady rock]

why was eo the size of trike?

[stiff osprey]

why wouldn't it be the size of trike

[tough parcel]

https://tenor.com/view/dont-you-dare-dont-dont-do-it-the-office-michael-scott-gif-14178027

I will break out what’s his face albertensis

[steady rock]

because eo is smaller then trike, problems?

[copper flame]

torosaurus > eotriceratops

[stiff osprey]

oh, I thought you were asking a paleo question, not about ingame inaccuracies

eo is the size of trike because the devs thought it would look cooler if it was

[tough parcel]

Iirc it’s also gigantic because the donator was told Eotrike was bigger than Trike

[sullen cairn]

eotrike's technically the size of some trikes

[tough parcel]

I’m technically the size of some Trikes, but you don’t see me saying that 😡

[copper flame]

the whole roaster is just the clone of the isle tbh :\

[sullen cairn]

your humility is an example to us all

[tough parcel]

I aim to be a pillar of the community

[copper flame]

zoinks

[steady rock]

how

wait actually, kyrum say that in #path-of-titans everyone will agree with you and you'll make a bunch of friends

[copper flame]

<_<

[steady rock]

just say it there

[light osprey]

https://tenor.com/view/tony-stark-eyeglass-exellent-question-gif-12818139

[copper flame]

it a filter feeder

[light osprey]

That it is

[copper flame]

yes

also its a plesiosaur (and the lips look ugly on it)

[nocturne gazelle]

Why is thal huge? Why does pycno look and play like carno? The world may never know...

[copper flame]

tru

[simple canyon]

Teeth

This is the skull of tyrannosaurus rex, it is robust with 8 inch long banana like teeth designed for a huge bite force and bone breaking.

On the other hand, this is the skull of giganotasaurus, it is longer and thinner, it's teeth are also 8 inches long but are more knife like for shearing flesh off of bodies, sometimes even living prey.

[viscid surge]

I see

[remote prism]

Grip and rip VS bite and slash

[alpine grotto]

wait how big would dime be in game?

oversized?

[crude latch]

I think it’s slightly phatter than Meg

Not sure although I think it might be a bit oversized

[alpine grotto]

yea it looks like it

its prolly semi aquatic right?

[crude latch]

But not by a lot hopefully

Ye it’s semi aquatic also

[viscid surge]

Yes but less than meg. Put this in modding chat though

[alpine grotto]

mb

[remote prism]

If it doesn't pertain to modding and seems like a rant about a creature, here, more gameplay, modding. That's what I can tell

[pearl briar]

is dakotaraptor finally a dromaeosaur or still a turtle?
haven't heard her for while

[covert lintel]

it was never a turtle. part of the fossil was a turtle, but not the entire thing.

[still prairie]

So it is valid?

[covert lintel]

debatable. it ain't a turtle, but whether it's a dromaeosaur, how much of it is a dromaeosaur, and whether it's actually a different genus is a bit unclear since much of its remains aren't currently accessible to researchers.

[bright veldt]

Dakotaraptor doesn't exist. Case closed.

It was described by a nut case of a paleontologist that has actively lied about the legitimacy of his work in the past, said paleontologist has locked the material away for no one but his personal friends to see, said material was discovered in an assemblage bone bed where it's extremely difficult to determine if bones come from the same animal, and all the bones attributed to dakotaraptor can be applied to other animals, such as the famous turtle found out off the gate, along with potentially tyrannosaurs, oviraptorosaurs, and ornithomimids.

[covert lintel]

honestly, i hope you're not right, but at this point you probably are.

[sullen cairn]

psa: dakotaraptor fan refugees can/should put their hopes and dreams personal investment into a single phalange and some maxillary fragments that suggest a ~1000kg uzbek dromaeosaur

[heady thunder]

*their

[sullen cairn]

https://tenor.com/view/emoji-gif-24664106

[ruby patio]

The most loyal of the believers would put their hope in the single Washington caudall

[sullen cairn]

it lacks the tragic backstory though

most logical composite skeletal

[white matrix]

Nah I believe Dakotaraptor exists

So the furcula turned out to be part of a turtle shell, doesn't change the fact we found teeth, arm bones, leg bones and tail bones

As far as I'm concerned, the Dakota thief is very much real

[bright veldt]

There was a blogpost like a week ago of Andrea Cau breaking down how doubtful said other bones being a distinct dromaeosaur are.

The vertebrae are akin to ornithomomids, the leg bone is akin to an oviraptorosaur (whether anzu specifically or not is irrelavant) and he did compare the supposed smoking gun that is the sickle claw as the hand claw of a therizinosaur, although others have noted tyrannosaur is likely too.

https://theropoda.blogspot.com/2023/09/dakotaraptor-non-esiste.html?m=1

Everything diagnostic about dakotaraptor is doubtful.

[viscid surge]

Anyone know what kind of environment yang lived in?

I know it lived in a forest, but what sort? Temperate? Tropical? Rainforest? Swampy?

[bright veldt]

I've always understood is as a tropical rainforest but I could be wrong.

[white matrix]

Are there any identified therizinosaurs in Hell Creek? If not then at the very least the Dakotaraptor name could possibly be reassigned to it

[pearl briar]

https://tenor.com/view/we-dont-know-south-park-s23e6-season-finale-have-no-idea-gif-19510799

[bright veldt]

^ We know Therizinosaurs were in North America at that time (footprints in Alaska), but no properly described taxa yet.

Nor from HC

[white matrix]

Now I kinda wanna reconstruct Dakota as a Therizinosaur, that could be a fun art piece

Maybe Dakota is just a modern case of stuff like Pterodactylus being mistaken for a bat, or Therizinosaurus being mistaken for a sea turtle

[tough parcel]

I doubt it’s a therizinosaur

There’s just no basis for that at all

[white matrix]

I mean you could go and read the blog post yourself, besides it's just speculation anyhow

[tough parcel]

I don’t read non-English

[white matrix]

There's a translate option built into Google, dude

[tiny holly]

Unfortunately even if it is a dromaeosaur sickle claw it could just be a big archeroraptor

Eh built in google translate isnt great, and you can miss a lot of the nuance and intended meanings of phrases

[bright veldt]

Due to the nature of dakotaraptor's....everything, it's size is very inconsistent.

[tough parcel]

I don’t see the option so L 😎 😎

But yea, there’s no evidence at all for any sort of therizinosaur reaching HC

[bright veldt]

Again, I've heard people say the sickle claw could also be from a tyrannosaur.

[tough parcel]

The…Nanotyrannus…

[flat pond]

Not the Nano!!!!!

[tiny holly]

yeah i mean dromaeosaur foot claw is analogous in size to a tyrannosaur arm claw so. lol.

[white matrix]

Still I think exploring the Therizinosaur option would at least be interesting

[tough parcel]

Interesting? Sure

Possible? Not really

The farthest therizinosaur trace during that time we have is in Alaska, as Scan said, nothing else

[tiny holly]

Not that there's any basis for it but even being a large troodontid isn't out of the question, as they had sickle claws too. Though they're usually not as dramatic as what we see in dromies

[white matrix]

But we at least know Therizinosaurs at least existed in North America to some extent

[flat pond]

I mean the areas where therizinosaurs have been found do tend to have some tyrannosaurs there but I wouldn’t go and say that there is one from HC

[tough parcel]

It’d be a massive troodontid considering their sickle claws are small

And sure they existed, but carcharodontosaurids existed in NA to some extent and they’re not in HC

AFAIK the latest confirmed therizinosaur in NA is Nothronychus

[tiny holly]

move over pectinodon, the time for megafaunal troodontid is now

[bright veldt]

I will say that even with the current NA therizinosaurs they do just sparatically exist with little context on how they got there due to lack of great #'s. I also wouldn't use the carcha comparison when there's less of them in NA compared to theris.

[flat pond]

I was just about say something about Nothronychus

[tough parcel]

There’s like 2 therizinosaurs in NA, including Falcarius

Vs Siats and Acro

These both ignore the “ohhh maybe” specimens

[white matrix]

Isn't Siats still hotly debated on what it even is?

[bright veldt]

Falcarius, Martharaptor, and Northronychus, versus acro and a few teeth. Siats ain't a proper carchar.

[tough parcel]

Siats is tossed around as whatever, so I’m gonna sit it in carchars

[bright veldt]

There's also the fact theris persisted in NA based on what we know while it seems that carchars weren't around in NA for very long

[tiny holly]

But yeah its worth keeping in mind that when you're working with something in science with a fairly poor track record/evidence, its safer to go with the simpler option. Dakota being a therizinosaur isn't impossible and some remains could potentially match. But we have a good track record for other raptors tyrannosaurids and whatnot existing in that place and time compared to therizinosaurs.

So by that virtue alone it makes the former options more likely unless we get new evidence

[bright veldt]

Yeah, I'm just saying I wouldn't be surprised if HC or any other Maastrichtian formation does have a theri pop up somewhere given their history and what little we know rn.

[white matrix]

I'm just trying to explore all the options given to us

[bright veldt]

Microraptorines have very little record outside of Early Cretaceous China due to them being little fragile bird things, but we know HC had one.

[white matrix]

Hell Creek is just weird like that lol

[bright veldt]

Wrong channel

[white matrix]

Wrong channel

[tough parcel]

#qna

[tiny holly]

Stuff like Sinoceratops go to show its pretty hard to keep track of exactly how broad different group's ranges were

I do wonder what asian ceratopsid diversity we're missing :(

[tough parcel]

I doubt a lot, maybe a bit, but I am wary of saying we’re missing a lost world of ceratopsians

[tranquil quartz]

All of Maast Australia : (

[tough parcel]

Australia doesn’t matter, so it’s ok

[white matrix]

I've always been saddened about the idea of how many insects and other small arthropods we'll never know about

[bright veldt]

Sinoceratops is such an anomaly I won't lie. It's also the largest centrosaurine ceratopsid outright.

[tranquil quartz]

Yes it does, its got Koolasuchus

[tough parcel]

Giant amphibian that gets dwarfed by an African salamander

Australia L

[tiny holly]

god what id give to know what the full diversity of dinosaurs in australia was we're very obviously missing so so much and we'll never know because rocks too old

but hey on the upside, paleozoic 👍

[white matrix]

L take honestly

[tough parcel]

I will never forgive the Australians

[white matrix]

Hell they do to you?

[tiny holly]

crimes :3

[tough parcel]

I will always hold a deep hatred towards the Australians

But anyways, HC is the only valid Maast formation

[tranquil quartz]

The fabled Maastrichtian Carch was chilling there

[tiny holly]

I'm of the Nemegt/Barun Goyot inclination personally

come get your ankylosaurs nearly twice as wide as they are deep

[white matrix]

What if Australia had a Spinosaur bigger than Spino itself?

[tough parcel]

It’d be a single toe bone

[tiny holly]

hey a toe would be exciting! most of our stuff is known from a single finger or leg bone. A toe would shake that up a bit

[tranquil quartz]

a single fragment of its foot claw, crushed into a single precise molecule

[flat pond]

At least me and Scan have Dryptosaurus to fool around as now. Appalachia tyrannosaurs are so underrated in some form

[tough parcel]

Probably because they’re crappy, as most Appalachian dinosaur fauna is

[white matrix]

At this point we should just ignore this dude

[tranquil quartz]

Falcon can never be ignored 😎

[tough parcel]

But I’m not wrong lmao??? Appalachian fossils are notoriously scrappy because of glacial movement grinding them into powder

[flat pond]

Yeah that is true. Appalachia deposits are shifted around so much

[tough parcel]

Plus the Appalachia side was pretty underwater during most of the Mesozoic afaik, so already there’s not a lot of dinosaurs there

[flat pond]

Wish the glaciers didn’t destroy the deposits but that’s wishful thinking.

[tough parcel]

Real…

[compact leaf]

appalachia does seem to have been a pretty decent sized continent from what we can tell we just have no idea what was living further inland

[tranquil quartz]

Maast Spinosaurid??

[compact leaf]

and also naish submitted a spinosaur abstract of some kind I think it was yesterday, he didn’t specify past spinosaur though

falcon we’re about to get montanaspinus confirmed I can feel it

[flat pond]

Cause there’s just so much fauna that is different compared to Laramidia such as Hypisbema and of course Dryptosaurus and Appalachiosaurus

[tough parcel]

I think it would be very funny, a bit silly

[narrow moss]

Found on tumblr

[white matrix]

Did someone edit a Spino into that dust devil?

[tough parcel]

I doubt it’s Spinosaurus proper otherwise he would’ve said Spinosaurus and afaik he’s not on any of the teams working on Spino

[narrow moss]

Yes. In response to the abstract

[compact leaf]

yeah I don’t expect it to be spinosaurus proper, I mean maybe you never know, but it’ll be interesting to see what he pulls out

[tranquil quartz]

Pls just not another member of Baryonychinae

[narrow moss]

Yeah that makes sense. Honestly the other spinosaurs feel a little neglected to me so that would be good. Spinosaurus has such weird anatomy that it makes me wonder about the other members of its group and how accurate our interpretation of them has been

[tough parcel]

Tbh, they’re not entirely neglected, moreso that they’re just bad in terms of quality of remains + poorly funded teams in the area

[narrow moss]

Thank you for the info I am trying to catch up/ learn on my dinosaur knowledge

[tranquil quartz]

We have also found quite a large amount of material from Spinosaurs like Baryonyx so we Its pretty hard to misinterpret it

[narrow moss]

Either way it would be good to get more info on spinosaurid anatomy. These were weird dinosaurs and I’m excited to see what comes of it.

[narrow moss]

Okay so spinosaurus was just a one off weird?

[tough parcel]

We dunno because as I said, other spinosaurids are like one fragment of their butt bone

[white matrix]

How many avian dinosaurs do we know of that existed alongside the non avian dinos?

[bright veldt]

too many to name

[tough parcel]

Nonononno, that’s completely wrong

[white matrix]

No no, it was more pelican or loon like

[tough parcel]

Like this

[narrow moss]

You are messing with me

[tranquil quartz]

This a better image?

[tough parcel]

Yes + the image I just posted too

[narrow moss]

Yeah Meep’s art is generally good

[flat pond]

Probably doesn’t help that this possibly happened during the K-Pg extinction event.

[narrow moss]

I like this one

[tranquil quartz]

Whats 17 more years? Can always make another formation.

[white matrix]

Me about to swallow a cheeseburger whole (I'm famished)

[tranquil quartz]

Did Irritator have a funky headcrest like that?

[tough parcel]

The crest is not preserved so idk

[narrow moss]

I think the skull is pretty fragmentary but it’s how it was reconstructed in the jaw paper, so I guess people are running with it.

I wonder how they got that much info from such a mushy skull

[tough parcel]

✨ Do you believe in magic? ✨

[white matrix]

I think the general consensus is that pretty much all Spinos had crests

[tough parcel]

They had crests yes, but there’s no proof of that specific arrangement in Irritator

[narrow moss]

We know it has a silly little bump at least

[tough parcel]

Nope, it’s from Angaturama

Irritator’s top, Angaturama’s bottom

[narrow moss]

I meant at the top of the head

Idk why Angaturama has such a square nose.

[copper flame]

thoughts on mag?

[tiny holly]

Paul 👍

[heady thunder]

Lamb on cocaine

Or Cory

[tough parcel]

Don’t mean to toot my own horn here (I do), but this should be better

[copper flame]

shant put cooler

[keen forum]

uh no it's Pually D!!!!

[clever sable]

How large is bro

[west coral]

Add this feller to the chart

[light osprey]

Fragmentary? it’s the best Spinosaurid skull we have 😭

[narrow moss]

Ah….

[copper flame]

magna is like shant size

[copper flame]

the 3 pynco varients should look like this

defence
speed
attack

[woeful falcon]

Nah

[tranquil quartz]

I think the most widely accepted theory is that there should be a majunga species, Carno species and Pycno species. With the Pycno being balanced
Still hoped they all would be Pycno just with the common sub changes-spikes, more bulks etc.

[woeful falcon]

Swap out raja with llukalkan and I'll be down

[copper flame]

whats that?

[tough parcel]

Ehhh, a “basic” Pycno would be no different from Llukalkan

[copper flame]

thats just boaring

[heady thunder]

Boaring, checks out for the average abelisaur

[tranquil quartz]

Literally the standard abelisaurid

[light osprey]

As opposed to Rajasaurus, who has a very exciting skull

[copper flame]

yes

[heady thunder]

Carno has all the rizz of the abelisaurs, everything else is second place

[light osprey]

Light skin stare moment

[woeful falcon]

That, my friends, is a close relative with a skull

Meaning its the best for what it actually resembled

[tranquil quartz]

Majunga is the the abelisaurid with the coolest skull

[copper flame]

does any other abelisaurid have the 2 horns?

[woeful falcon]

No

[light osprey]

Quite the big faced fella

[tough parcel]

Genyodectes…

[copper flame]

brazilian ceratosaurus

[heady thunder]

https://tenor.com/view/real-shit-i-sleep-shaq-triggered-woke-gif-17504394

[woeful falcon]

Counterpoint: Carnotaurus

[errant star]

Is there crossplay?

[tough parcel]

#path-of-titans but yes

[copper flame]

2 of pyncos varients are dumb, its just carno and fatter carno

[heady thunder]

Angle makes it look like a middle aged fat dad watching his son with disappointment

[copper flame]

honestly based

[light osprey]

Here’s one where it looks more predator-y

[tough parcel]

I love how the Majuga is supposedly starving, but looks incredibly fat

[tranquil quartz]

Overrated+Mid

[heady thunder]

Says the dude talking about Majunga

[heady thunder]

Lol

[tranquil quartz]

Because its a based Dinosaur

[heady thunder]

Perhaps, but cooler then carno? No

[woeful falcon]

Rugops has a pretty aesthetic skull, simple as it is

[tranquil quartz]

More Rugops material when?

[copper flame]

shrink wrapped jumpscare, and yess

[heady thunder]

Rugops best feat was being murdered by Spinozilla

[copper flame]

thats wild😭s☠️

4 PYNCO VARIENTS??????

balanced
speed
defence
attack

[compact leaf]

that classic php chumbification

[tough parcel]

Yeaaaa

[light osprey]

cannot help from talking about the soft tissue of PhP

[copper flame]

actually I think it should be
raja: stam
pynco: balaenced
carno: attack
rugo: speed

[tough parcel]

PoT’s first animal with 4 variants

[copper flame]

replace campto with this

[viscid surge]

An even weaker version of an already weak dino 💀 oof

[copper flame]

NAH YOU DID NOT JUST DISS LAMB LIKE THAT

[light osprey]

Ajnabia would be extremely useless though. Not hate, but a dwarf dinosaur is not gonna cut it out

[heady thunder]

It could, cos the stats arent realistic, but who cares, nothing is replacing campto or any of the dinos which already are in.

[copper flame]

tarchia

[light osprey]

Extremely fast Ajnabia gameplay

[copper flame]

GIVE US A BIG SAUROPOD and ajnabia lived with a abelisaurid so it could work

like this

[blissful bison]

Wow this titanosaur is not bad in terms of appearance

[copper flame]

its futalognkosaurus

[blissful bison]

ah I already heard about the futalognkosaurus

it is a very large species of titanosaur

and I have a quick question about Kaprosuchus
Was it terrestrial or semi-aquatic in your opinion?

[heady thunder]

Semi

[copper flame]

semi aquatic

[tough parcel]

Semi-aquatic with slight terrestrial tendencies

[blissful bison]

OK thanks

and does Bahariasaurus really exist?

[copper flame]

I looked it up and it said its an "enigmatic genus of large theropod"

[blissful bison]

OK

[tranquil quartz]

Big Sauropods are awful to play, and are hard to balance we won’t be getting an official one

And Baharias material disintegrated iirc it, it did exist

[frail robin]

I'm just gonna put this out there, but the color design for Majunga sucks so bad. You establish abelisaurids as colorful creatures that stand out and then you hit us with a thing that looks like it was roling around in mud for 8 days

I know it's supposed to be a female and female animals often have more dull colors, but they don't have one color. Female birds often have blacks and greys, they don't look like dirt

[tranquil quartz]

They speculated Carnotaurus armpits could be colourful and i think thats it really, I don’t think they said all abelisaurids

[frail robin]

Yeah, but both Carno and Raja are very vibrant. Hell, even the female Carno has some flair and looks metallic

[tough parcel]

Something something large animals have a harder time producing intricate colors and patterns due to size constraints

• the concept art of the Majunga is fairly colorful

[tranquil quartz]

Thats just the colouration they chose?
Some snakes are vibrant yet some have dull colouration

[light osprey]

The silliest complaint I’ve seen about this show yet

You guys will find anything to critique it’s impressive

[frail robin]

Dreadnaughtus, Mongolian Titan and Rapetosaurs are all pretty colorful. And Majunga isn't even that big

[light osprey]

The real question is, who cares

[tranquil quartz]

I doubt irl Megasauropods would have been all that colourful maybe some colours for display but thats about it really. Again this is just the colouration they chose for these animals

[light osprey]

Here’s the colourful Rapetosaurus for reference

[frail robin]

I'm not complaining, I'm just giving out my opinion. PhP is by far one of my fav shows, but that doesn't mean I am not allowed to not like some things. For example, the re-usage of the Velociraptor model for Kuru, the repeating of the baby Alcione scene (although I think that it was something they rushed in) and some other minor stuff

[frail robin]

Sorry, not Rapetosaurus, the other sauropods in the badlands episode that were hunted by Tarbosaurus

[tranquil quartz]

I mean Kuru Kulla is like literally almost Velociraptor they are in the same subfamily you can’t blame them for not changing the model.

[frail robin]

Yeah, but they could have at least colored it differently (although I may still be wrong on this, since it's hard to tell the colors in the dark)

[tranquil quartz]

I doubt a desert hunter would be rocking bright green etc, dull/dark colours like browns make sense for desert camouflage purposes

[light osprey]

Nemegtosaurus

[frail robin]

I didn't say it needed to have bright colors. I actually like that they made T.Rex have brown coloring, since it makes sense for an ambush predator to be able to blend in with its enviroment

[tough parcel]

Ngl, my biggest pet peeve is that PP was like “Oh boo-hoo, we can’t show violence”

They hyped up the Tarbosaurus hunting sauropods so much and then the Tarbo’s just ate the crushed guy?? And we got a Velociraptor Spartan kicking a Homalo

[frail robin]

Yeah, I wished they were braver with gore. Tarbosaurus biting off chunks off of the sauropods to make them bleed out would have been amazing to see

[tranquil quartz]

I doubt Tarbosaurs would have bled out Sauropods they arent Carchs

[copper flame]

fast growth from the start, somewhat slow attacks to balence its high attack damage and to reduce compition they should make trees ediable

[tough parcel]

They likely employed a similar tactic

[frail robin]

Tarbosaurus evolved similair adaptations to Charcharadontosaurids, including more knife-like teeth and a leaner skull

[stiff osprey]

The more time goes on the more I'm like

Man... those hunts were boring as hell

[tough parcel]

Yea, EXACTLY, thank you 😭

[copper flame]

they probably where not a flesh grazer, they most likley just locked there jaws and tryed to force there pray down to bite there neck

the hunt was boaring but accurate

[tranquil quartz]

Qianzhousaurus hunting scene was the most entertaining one imo

[light osprey]

Majungasaurus was pretty fun

[tough parcel]

The T.rex-Edmonto hunt has my heart, but that’s T.rex so

[copper flame]

nah the edmontosaurus was

[stiff osprey]

I'm fine with the Tarbos not being the killers, but they could have shown the sauropod being trampled, that would be brutal. And they aren't even panicking, they are moving at 1 mile per hour and the Nemegto somehow manages to trip anyway

[frail robin]

The Nanuqsaurus hunt was incredibly epic tho. And T.Rex hunting Edmont was also good

[copper flame]

the show did not like gore I guess

[light osprey]

Nanuqsaurus got two good hunting segments funnily enough

[stiff osprey]

Nanuq vs Ornithomimus was good. The Pachyrhino hunt cuts off at the important part

[tough parcel]

Iirc Favreau was not a fan of gore, hence the series’ aversion to it, but I’ve not seen any receipts on that

[copper flame]

they gave the naqus killing the pachyrhino form a far

[copper flame]

yup

[tranquil quartz]

Question about Php will they be moving on from the Maast in future seasons? I would love to see a Carboniferous or Triassic based season.

[light osprey]

Hopefully not. They’ve barely scratched the surface of the Maastrichtian

It’s also the easiest one to film for, because if you go even a few million years earlier, the plants get funky

[frail robin]

I like to think they will, however I won't be surprised if they don't. There's a big part of the Maastrichtian that they haven't touched, including Megaraptors, Oviraptorids and more Abelisaurids

[candid ledge]

Please lets not deviate from the topic of the channel

[tranquil quartz]

?

[light osprey]

What

[frail robin]

Oh and also pterosaurs because for some reason they thought that the only ones to have dedicated screen time in the second season would be Azhdarchids

[tranquil quartz]

No disrespect but how are deviating from the topic?

[light osprey]

Epapatelo would be one I think should have a Pteranodontian fishing segment

Aristonectes to get like a cliche blue whale type segment

Avisaurus or Enantiornis maybe, doing some hunting

[frail robin]

There was concept art of Alciones diving for fish

[heady thunder]

Extremely boring.

Give me some good ol dino v dino action

[light osprey]

A proper giant testudine segment

[tough parcel]

Me when T.rex vs Triceratops is right there, it’s right there

[light osprey]

Season 3 juice maybe

there’s also infinitely more to the Maastrichtian than the Lancian fauna of NA

[heady thunder]

Dominion Giga vs Rex at the prologue was better then all the hunts in PP, I will die on this stinky hill

[tough parcel]

About as short as them too

[light osprey]

Oh, some proper Neosuchian segment would be delectable

[stiff osprey]

...what

Like if you said T.rex vs Spino in JP3 was better I'd agree. But the Giga vs Rex fight sucks ass 💀

[light osprey]

I really care so much less about the hunting centric segments anyway, considering that’s clearly not what a lot of the creatives want to focus on

[heady thunder]

Trex vs Spino is clearly better. Giga vs rex at least shows combat thats not zoomed 500m out.

[light osprey]

And I definitely want to see more mundane animal activity as well

Or maybe not mundane. Not a big dinosaur trying to kill another big dinosaur

[frail robin]

Any attention to pterosaurs would be amazing. Showing the unexpected giant Azhdarchids was fun, but I would have loved it if we had seen the herbivorous (omnivorous?) Tapejarids, the Albatross-like Ornithocheirids and some other pterosaurs

Imagine a scene of pterosaurs hunting baby Mosasaurus

[copper flame]

flying pvp sucks tho

[copper flame]

the poor mosasaurid

[iron halo]

Owned tbh

[frail robin]

They also implied that Azhdarchids were very smart, but Hatz simply not leaving and trying to flush out any stranglers in the bush was not a very good example. Maybe a scene of Azhdarchids waiting on the edge of a fire to hunt fleeing prey? But that was already done with the Troodontid

[copper flame]

this game did not do this guy justice

[iron halo]

Just show hatz inventing calculus or something

[frail robin]

I got so angry by Thal's implementation that I am going to make a mod remaking the playable. I've started learning Blender just to give Thal the justice it deserves

[copper flame]

BASED

also kai got no justice either

[frail robin]

What does that image have to do with that?

[copper flame]

big chin chad ceratopsian

[boreal ore]

Gigichad

[frail robin]

Yeah, but I generally don't think playable aquatics are a good idea, so I am not gonna touch it. The only ones I plan to remake are Thal, Pycno, Bars, Cerato, Metri and a secret one

[copper flame]

so your goiing to work on those in the future? nice

[frail robin]

Yes, each one will have a distinct personality and unique attacks. Thal will be the first and I already have some stuff planned for it, such as a charged bleed bite, a fury of quick bites and a broadcast that isn't annoying

[copper flame]

LETS GOOOOOOO

on another note it pissed me off that this guy probaly never existed

[frail robin]

Who is this silly little fella

[boreal ore]

Compy?

[copper flame]

gorjirasaurus

[tranquil quartz]

Dubious

[copper flame]

very

[tranquil quartz]

Gojirasaurus is a cool name as well

[light osprey]

It’s just a big coelophysoid last time they tried to assign it somewhere, so like, not that crazy or exciting

[tranquil quartz]

Yeah just a cool name, in general i think Coelophysids are cool though

[copper flame]

it has the coolest name tho

[light osprey]

Probably should look more like this anyway

[frail robin]

https://trello.com/b/kKr5hF3R/pterosauria-studios

Also here's my Trello if you wanna see the stuff I plan to make

[copper flame]

looks good

[copper flame]

tbh cerato is fine but everything else is just kinda mid, bars is a shant ripoff in this game, and really hope pynco will have diffrent horn shapes for there sub species kinda like this

[frail robin]

Yeah, there won't be a Carno sub but there will be a Rougops and Raja sub. Cerato is still kinda under consideration and I may remove it

[dull lodge]

Thank you

[frail robin]

Based PFP and based name

[tranquil quartz]

Your remodelling deinon?

[light osprey]

Most random remodel

[white matrix]

fair tbhh
lil man needs some justice

i feel like once hatze gets added he will be overshadowed

[frail robin]

"Lil' man" when bro is nearing Hatz size. Mine will be actually accurate

[white matrix]

yeah, rn in game I feel like it's a bit too delicate

you cant really hunt much other than babies and even then its not the easiest

[vernal escarp]

anyone else having trouble joining a server?

[light oxide]

Wrong channel.

[vernal escarp]

oh ops sry

[nocturne gazelle]

I mean tbf, shant and bars are both just huge hadrosaurs with not much making them different from each other. The model doesn't look anything like shant so there's that.

[bright veldt]

Eh they functionally made Barsboldia double the size there is a significant difference.

[nocturne gazelle]

I mean yea, but it's still larger than even shant isn't it? I don't think they would really play much different from each other.

Last I read, they were pretty close in size. At least enough to have a similar playstyle.

[bright veldt]

Barsboldia is 11 meters and 7 tons. Shantungosaurus is 15 meters and 15 tons.

[tough parcel]

Whoever wants to compare them

[light osprey]

The comment of all time

[bright veldt]

Calm down not everyone knows everything

[nocturne gazelle]

Alright, good to know.

I still don't think bars is the worst offender of the copy paste curse. It's model is actually unique from shant, and even if it were closer to its actual size, it would still play similarly imo.

[bright veldt]

Eh there's a difference between realistically folding to a rex if caught to being able to kick its ass.

[sullen cairn]

Saurolophus would’ve been cool because even if it’s still not nearly shangt size it has legs

[bright veldt]

Shantungosaurus has more in common with a sauropod than a hadrosaur in terms of size and that should not be understated.

[nocturne gazelle]

True. But I'm assuming the tail kite tank esque playstyle would still be used.

[sullen cairn]

A hadrosaur being designed to actively fight a tyrannosaur at least a ton larger than itself is just conceptually pretty nonsensical

[light osprey]

Videogame I suppose

[alpine island]

Bars was a strong creature ofc but it shouldn’t be designed to beat a rex if it was properly scaled

[sullen cairn]

Yeahs bars is still a legitimately very large hadrosaur and substantially larger than tarbosaurus which is what actually matters

[nocturne gazelle]

Yea, you're right.

[novel atlas]

https://twitter.com/TylerGreenfieId/status/1708215149235216857?t=0Y8-2h3aTMQbyaom1IPqcg&s=19

Tyler Greenfield (@TylerGreenfieId)

New footprints confirm that terror birds had a raised second toe with “killing claw”, like seriemas and dromaeosaurs.

Twitter · Sep 30, 2023, 8:20 PM

[tranquil quartz]

Another W for Phorusrhacidae

[copper flame]

yooooo W content creator

[clever sable]

Any clue how large the largest magnapaulia was?

[copper flame]

like shant size (I think the second largest hadorsaurid)

[bright veldt]

It's #4. Para, Edmonto, and Shant beat it in size.

[copper flame]

I thought it was bigger at like- oh wait its 8 tons

but hay its has a length of like 15 meters 😄

also W content creator

[clever sable]

Damn, para??? I thought para was like 9 tonnes

[bright veldt]

The largest species is like 12 tons

[clever sable]

It's bigger than 8

[bright veldt]

1. Shantungosaurus (15m, 15 tons)
2. Edmontosaurus (15m, 14 tons) (?)
3. Parasaurolophus (13m, 12 tons)
4. Magnapaulia (12m, 10 tons)
5. Angulomasticator (12m, 9.5 tons)
6. Saurolophus (12m, 9 tons)
   7, 8, 9, 10. Amurosaurus (11m, 7 tons), Barsboldia (11m, 7 tons), Charonosaurus (11m, 7 tons), and Gryposaurus (10m, 7 tons)
7. Prosaurolophus (10m, 6.5 tons)
8. Tsintaosaurus (10m, 5 tons)

[clever sable]

Ah ok, sounds good, sounds good

[bright veldt]

All hadrosaurs 5+ tons

[copper flame]

biggest hadrosaur by height?

[clever sable]

Guessing you aren't including the lost 11 tonne mah specimen

[clever sable]

....

Look at the list

[copper flame]

like over all height

[clever sable]

Height isn't how size is determined although I think mag or Shant is the tallest

[copper flame]

I know

spino is taller than rex with its spine but its not heavier by mass

[tough parcel]

Or is it…

[copper flame]

who knows

[tough parcel]

I do

BUT that’s all the time we have for today folks! I hope you have a lovely evening and I’ll see you again next Saturday for another exciting episode of “Falcon Facts!”

[copper flame]

never heard of angulomasticator

[plain parcel]

Are pterodactyloids really not related to dinosaurs? because I'm confused

[lavish frigate]

Pterosaurs are close relatives of dinosaurs they just aren’t dinosaurs

[covert lintel]

pterosaurs are related to dinosaurs, but they are not themselves dinosaurs.

[copper flame]

what is there average weight and length?

[light osprey]

W Tsintaosaurus. Never noticed it’s top 12

[bright veldt]

That's a question that I don't know the exact answer to. I'm not a fan of averages with most extinct taxa cause it's inherently biased. Tyrannosaurus has around 40 specimens to its name while Giga only has 1 good one for example. Regardless, here's what I do know. The average edmontosaurus is 9 meters and 5.5 tons. While Parasaurolophus cyrtocristatus is 12 tons, P. tubicens is 8 tons, and P. walkeri is 3 tons.

[copper flame]

ok

[clever sable]

Anyone got a dorsal view of magnapaulia?

[sullen cairn]

isn't walkeri more like 4t

[gaunt raven]

Is this ino accurate? I like to think they would have been more mammalian but is this a little far fetched?

[novel atlas]

Tooth is poking out

[light osprey]

Whiskers maybe not, it’s a problematic issue with even therocephalians. Fur I don’t know, I think something like it was preserved in some form from the Permian age, though not correlating to any specific taxon. And Dinocephalians are known to have glandular skin. 🤷‍♂️

[stiff osprey]

A full fur covering is pretty unlikely for a gorgonopsid. Whiskers are fine

[ocean brook]

What are the biggest estimates for cryolophosaurus?

[light osprey]

😐. How did whiskers end up fine but not fur

[stiff osprey]

Hair as a sensory structure probably evolved earlier than hair as integument. Cold blooded animals would still have use for whiskers

But that's getting into a whole other debate

[light osprey]

I see, makes sense now. Cynodonts still with reptile-esq metabolic rates

[stiff osprey]

Yeah I don't know where the science stands atm on cold vs warm blood in gorgonopsians

[light osprey]

Although, Probainognathids have some considerations for fur as well I thought

[gaunt raven]

Oh ok that makes sense

[copper flame]

chat is thing real

[stiff osprey]

no

[copper flame]

its not valid 😦

[stuck chasm]

@sullen cairn Please do not post paleo-memes in here, all memes must be in direct relation to Path of Titans and posted in ⁠#pot-memes only. Refer to all our pinned guidelines in every channel you plan to use.

[nocturne gazelle]

Rip paleomemes

Hope they'll change it so we can post paleomemes with moderation.

[sullen cairn]

(reformated so mods don't kill me) its kinda funny how everyone largely ignores giga dentary estimates while simultaneously citing 13t parasaurolophus without hesitation even though all the 10t+ paras are cranial fragments too

[nocturne gazelle]

Big para > big giga

How big would the giga be

[sullen cairn]

dentary giga would be just over 10t scaling isometrically with the holotype

[nocturne gazelle]

And typical giga estimates are?

[light osprey]

Isometrically scaling fragmentary cranial material is always lame unless it’s my fabled scale bar quadrate

[sullen cairn]

8.4t for the holotype

[nocturne gazelle]

Big words funny man

[sullen cairn]

the only cranial fragments i like scaling are abelisaurids because i can make one of em 750kg larger with scale bars

[light osprey]

Smol amount of fossils is bad unless it’s suits my narrative

[nocturne gazelle]

Thank you kindly

Is it possible the guys with larger cranial fragments simply had larger heads compared to typical proportions?

[sullen cairn]

tbf even the postcranial southwestern para specimens are already massive next to their local tyrannosaurids

[sullen cairn]

maybe, maybe not
that's the joy of scaling isolated material

[light osprey]

Yes I think unless it’s the mosasaur quadrate. Then it’s irrefutable evidence that Mosasaurus hoffmannii achieved 14+ metre length without question

[nocturne gazelle]

Sounds painful

[sullen cairn]

the key is you always assume it scales isometrically with utter disregard for the conseuquences

or if you're a stickler for details and have a good enough sample size find a regression but that takes too long

[nocturne gazelle]

Seems like that can cause a lot of potential inaccuracies

Though I suppose you need to make do with what you have when dealing with fragments.

[sullen cairn]

cranial fragments also corroborate 1t dromaeosaur so i like em

ergo the good outweighs the bad

[nocturne gazelle]

That would be ghe largest dromaeosaur right?

[sullen cairn]

yep
even bigger than larramendi's russian tooth

(which granted was only 60kg larger than utahraptor but still)

in more tragic news i had to shrink the legs of the edited saurolophus because i'm 80% sure gsp's were too long

but i added feature scales because i forgot to the first time

[nocturne gazelle]

Still massive

[sullen cairn]

cause the holotype has a 950mm skull and 1200mm femur which would imply that the skeletal's 1220mm skull should have a 1541mm femur (unless gsp had access to mpc 100/706's postcrania or something)

[gentle vessel]

Thal seems a bit lacking on the feathers right?

[gentle vessel]

and thats beside the fact its a Pteranodon knockoff

[nocturne gazelle]

I think it's just poor texturing

I believe there's supposed to be the impression of feathering on the body but it doesn't translate well.

[plain stirrup]

was there any flying reptiles during the cenozoic era?

[sullen cairn]

inb4 someone says birds

[light osprey]

Ya beat me to it 😔

…Anyway, the cenozoic is resided by a diverse clade of avian reptiles called Avialae.

[tranquil quartz]

Avian Dinosaurs, the birds

[light oxide]

Don't forget pterosaurs.

[tranquil quartz]

Cenozoic

[light oxide]

O H

My apologies. I thought you said Mesozoic.

[shell flame]

This truly worth watching. And yes, 1/5th of it is about Trex but it is expected
https://youtu.be/THR4YGeBzmw?si=WERc2lB3omjtm0PV

[white matrix]

Tbf Rex is probably one of the dinosaurs we know most about, only probably beaten by Taco and Micro

[tiny holly]

I dunno, while we know a lot about how micro looks we don't understand it's lifestyle quite as well. Taco however is def up there, what with the dead nanny showing an interesting case of parental care

[sudden wind]

I wish the res was better

[bright veldt]

We know Microraptor's lifestyle pretty damn well tho

[clever sable]

Does this thing have a name?

[light oxide]

That being, out of curiosity?

[light osprey]

Just a shame informative videos like these are always about this ecosystem.

[shell flame]

He's done the Morrison previously

[light osprey]

Oh, how revolutionary

[compact leaf]

it’s also dinofax and he isn’t a great source of information, he just sort of regurgitates headlines without doing any deeper research

[light osprey]

I was gonna comment and say he’s basically just reading off of Wikipedia lol

If you want the delicious information about maastrichtian ecosystems, definitely just come to me

[compact leaf]

I don’t even think he checks wikipedia tbh, his info would probably be better if he did lol

[light osprey]

Well if anyone’s curious about other well understood ecosystems besides said single Lancian formation, Tremp Formation, Nemegt Basin, and to an extent the marine life of the Abdoun Ouled sediments have decently good information.

[kind crown]

@clever sable I'm not saying that, I'm saying they have a similar body plan. How are you not getting this?

[shell flame]

His x formation reviews are great imo. The other vids not so much.
But the Morrison and Hell Creek he's just done were awesome

[light osprey]

The Lecho and Maastricht formations are some of my personal favorites

[rose thorn]

Taco wins out just off of full body coloration

[kind crown]

Quick question lads, would you say that an ostrich and a terrorbird have similar body plans and lived in similar environments?

[shell flame]

No

[kind crown]

And why is that?

[shell flame]

Somewhat similar, maybe

[clever sable]

I'm getting it from this

[delicate pelican]

Here's a ostrich with a kelenken head and neck

[kind crown]

Yeah, bc they have the same body plan, the only vast differences are the heads and diets

[shell flame]

Terrors have proportionately much stronger necks and heads, haven't they

[rose thorn]

Yesn’t. Obviously the association can be made of giant bird with cursorial anatomy (Ostriches have such far more then that of the largest phoruscharids), but the largest terror birds have more robust upper anatomy. In terms of environment, that’s more of a no.

[clever sable]

They don't have the same body plan they have a similar body plan

[kind crown]

They both have long, powerful Legs used for running, short flightless wings, long curved necks and lived in open grasslands, and I'm not saying it's an exact one to one switch, I'm saying that's basically what you get if you switch a few things around

[light osprey]

Here, for you silly gooses to use in this debate

[clever sable]

Similar but not the same, also didn't some terror birds actually live in forests?

[light osprey]

Idk, depends on the type of forest you’d be referring to

[kind crown]

I seriously don't get why you're getting so hung up on semantics like the proportions of their wings and thickness of their legs, and if you agree that their body plans are similar the what have you been arguing against this whole time???

[clever sable]

Also barinasuchus is still the best Cenozoic terrestrial carnivore fr fr

[compact leaf]

it also depends on the terror bird, some of them lived in different environments than the others

[rose thorn]

Tbh, neither one of them really has short wings. Both have larger wings than most other giant birds. If you wanna be reductionist and say they’re the same, sure, big running bird is big running bird.

[kind crown]

This is fair but my main point is the body structure is very similar, being built primarily for running

[light osprey]

The way Ursus maritimus lives seems infinitely more interesting. Unless you’ve got a good rebuttal

[heady thunder]

Say polar bear like a normal human

[clever sable]

Reptiles are infinitely better than mammals

[kind crown]

I wholeheartedly agree with this ^

[light osprey]

Okay, so there is indeed no rebuttal.

[rose thorn]

And again, ostriches are far more efficient sprinters in comparison. Kelenken and Titanis would be more comparable to lions in terms of their top speed output

[kind crown]

Yee but big borb with big leggeys

[rose thorn]

.

[heady thunder]

Its the same as sauro and allo have the same bodyplan.
Sure, they have differences, but at the end of the day, big theropod with beefy arms.

[rose thorn]

I could do that with most things though. Termites are just weird ants

[heady thunder]

And that would be true.

[delicate pelican]

this is an ostrich with a kelenken neck and head

[light osprey]

Gargantuavis up there with Phorusrhacines too then 💯

[rose thorn]

Ew

[kind crown]

Looks like I'm fetching the spices, someone grab a grill

[heady thunder]

Best paleoart of the month

[kind crown]

Okey but seriously tho my phone's on 3% battery life so I'll talk to ye's later

Have a good one lads

[light osprey]

Speaking of birds, is there a good scaled image of Janavis anywhere

[rose thorn]

Find out how big icthyornis is

[light osprey]

I suppose that would be the largest Ichthyornis specimen

So. Pretty damn big birb

[copper flame]

is gorjirasaurus valid now?

[stiff osprey]

I swear someone asked that yesterday

But no it isn't

[slim vale]

How do I get into the Realism server now?

[narrow pike]

Hola

[slim vale]

Ik I need a password but do I need to do something to get it?

[narrow pike]

Hello

[slim vale]

Hi

[narrow pike]

I would like to know how I can join a game group on Android

It's one of the last breeding missions they give but I haven't completed it because I don't know what to do.

what I do

[sullen cairn]

The phalange doesn’t but the maxillary elements are ulughbegsaurus

[stiff osprey]

Now you just need to undislocate the shoulder

[narrow pike]

please help me

[stiff osprey]

I dunno what an android group is but try in #path-of-titans or #looking-for-group

[narrow pike]

It's not that, it's just that I'm missing the last mission to raise my dino but I don't know how to do it.

[past comet]

This isn’t the place for your request

Look at the channels and choose one that is more appropriate

[steady rock]

guys, i need apex cenozic predators and how they took down their prey

like, i can only think of smilodon, daeodon and teror birds

[clever sable]

Barinosuchus is the largest terrestrial carnivore of the Cenozoic

[sudden wind]

We don't know if it's an arboreal animal. That's still debated.

[sudden wind]

Both are extremely different as Pronto has shown. That's basically looking at an antelope and lion and saying "yup, they are the same".

[sudden wind]

Yay!

[tranquil quartz]

Purrusaurus- aquatic ambush predator

[light osprey]

Oh it is?

[compact leaf]

it has some adaptations similar to ground dwelling birds but the way it’s wings fold pose some issues for a ground based lifestyle

[light osprey]

Would this be persistent for all microraptorines

[compact leaf]

I’m not entirely sure I just know that with microraptor specifically the length of its primaries means that they drag when the arm is held in a neutral position

[leaden vigil]

Whats the size difference between acro and carch

[sullen cairn]

saurolophus again again and hopefully cured of scoliosis

[steady rock]

someone said its capble of powered flight

@vast forum didnt you say they could do powered flight

[vast forum]

As far as I understand it, yes

[steady rock]

ty

[tranquil quartz]

Iirc its like 1.5 ton’s with Carch being 7 and Acro being 5.5

[vast forum]

Iirc carc is 8

[tired crystal]

Carch average is around 5-6 while acros about 5 carch has a higher size of 7 tons too

[compact leaf]

when is this skeletal from?

I see it all the time but I remember nothing about it lol

[sullen cairn]

its a mishmash of gsps and fadenos

[tough parcel]

How is there an “average” for an animal with 2 specimens, one of which possibly not even being Carcharodontosaurus

[compact leaf]

oh yeah I forgot fadeno has one

[sullen cairn]

which is to say its fadenos without the proportions of a small child

[bright veldt]

.....Why wouldn't it be?

It can fly and most dromaeosaurs under 100 kg are capable of climbing

[tranquil quartz]

Just following Scanovas intelligence

[tough parcel]

There’s something about an unreleased skeletal being made in the works right now that’s not released indicating 8+ ton Carcharodontosaurus

But it’s unreleased so ignore it! :D

[bright veldt]

That is my philosophy

[sullen cairn]

i ignore everything unless conveniant for myself

[vast forum]

It's all close enough

[tired crystal]

These aren't right especially deinocheirus

[light osprey]

Anyone know how long RAM 14306 coracoid is estimated to be

[sullen cairn]

nope

[light osprey]

Larramendi’s letting me down with this one

[sullen cairn]

wait nevermind wrong citation

[light osprey]

Oh, lovely 🥰

[bright veldt]

I removed Sauro from the list cause Random's GDI of the composite is the best thing we have with the current extremely limited info on Sauro's whereabouts size-wise.

Outside of that it's just hearsay that it's "this big"

[vast forum]

Yea 7 shots is getting dan to make a skeletal for it soon

[light osprey]

Now, all I need to find is Antarcticavis’ coracoid length

[vast forum]

Seeing as 7 has firsthand knowledge on the material you'd be best to talk to him for any sauro 'estimates'

[tough parcel]

Even then, I wouldn’t really ask right now until everything is double checked and verified

As of right now, all sizes come from photos with a scale bar or one measurement

[vast forum]

Indeed

Hence the ' '

[light osprey]

Anyone know how long this scale bar is supposed to be

[light osprey]

You are so clutch

[chilly knot]

I consume everything 7 shots says

https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/542776901442338816/1024283084360781894/D678860A-DEB8-474B-8A90-E5D89D775B0F.gif

[light oxide]

I got a few questions in terms of Camptosaurus.

What would its lifestyle be like, when comparing it with the fossil record?

Have we ever found them in fossil bome beds with others or not?

What kind of plant life was around for Camptosaurus to eat?

What kind of environments would they live in?

Just some starting ones.

[tranquil quartz]

Bros saying Scanova is wrong

[tough parcel]

Scan’s on the mortal coil last I checked, so a mistake is normal

[heady thunder]

Scan personally went back in time and weighed chei, trust me, I was the time machine.

[clever sable]

Nah, deinocheirus is that big

[light osprey]

Wasn’t there, but can confirm

[tired crystal]

It's was 5-6 tons

[clever sable]

That is wildly incorrect, where is your source on this, literally any reputable source will tell you it's 7-8 tonnes

[clever sable]

Someone literally posted a GDI proving you wrong

[heady thunder]

https://tenor.com/view/metal-gear-rising-metal-gear-rising-revengeance-senator-armstrong-revengeance-i-made-it-the-fuck-up-gif-25029602

[clever sable]

Like fr, the lowest I've ever seen deinocheirus was 6.7 tonnes or something around that

[heady thunder]

6 tons after I shave it

[tired crystal]

Didn't dan folkes say it was 5-6 tons ?

[light osprey]

Deinocheirus is 5-8 tonnes. We all happy now?

[clever sable]

No........

[tired crystal]

Also having t.rex average at 10 is a lot it's average is 8-9

[heady thunder]

Chei is 5 grams to 8 tons.

[tired crystal]

And saurophaganax was only around 3.6

[heady thunder]

Sauro is a hot topic, Ill call it Allo cos, I can

[clever sable]

Now that is allosaurus you are thinking of, literally nobody who has ever lived has said it was 3.6

[light osprey]

I was thinking 5 nanograms to 8 kilotonnes

[heady thunder]

Chei nut to cheizilla

[chilly knot]

"Nooo deinocheirus is 8.5623624732481247 tons"

"wrong deinocheirus is 8.5534292374928347 tons"

[clever sable]

I mean, we have possibly 4 different 10 ton specimens and we only have like less than 1% of the tyrannosaurus population so saying 10 tonnes wasn't rare may be incorrect (although cope may be only like 9 tonnes and we don't talk about cope because cope is fragmentary garbage tbh)

[tired crystal]

Allosaurus fragilis was average 1.5 metric tons

[heady thunder]

Ey man, if Cope is fragmentary garbage, giga should not scale bigger then the holotype.

[clever sable]

I don't like the dentary specimen either 💀

[tired crystal]

Copes range was 9-14 right?

[clever sable]

No, it's 9-10.6, 11.3 at the very maximum but that's highly unlikely

[clever sable]

Also here are sizes for saurophagonax

[stuck chasm]

A reminder to please keep the gif usage to a minimum as this can be considered off-topic or spam. #rules

[tough parcel]

AFAIK these are bad because A) it was one of Fadeno’s first and B) it’s Saurophaganax so it needs updating

[light osprey]

Two gifs in succession and they get removed

[tired crystal]

I've seen 14 mentioned in the vividens video

[clever sable]

The vividen isn't exactly what someone would call a reliable source

[tired crystal]

Are you a reliable source?

[tough parcel]

We love Vividen!!! (They are the reason there’s kids parroting 14t rex off of a shaky measurement)

Cope and Bertha are possibly large, but last I checked, nothing truly gets to 14t

[chilly knot]

can yall stfu about cope for a single day

[tough parcel]

Yes because this is like the first time in a couple days it’s been mentioned

[clever sable]

No but I do get these estimates from reliable sources

So while estimates I make myself are not reliable I have not made a single estimate myself and all the info I've given is from reliable sources

[tired crystal]

Which are?

[clever sable]

I can't wait to see if Bertha ends up being bigger than Scotty, she really looks huge

[clever sable]

The majority of my numbers are from randomdinos (someone who is widely considered as a pretty reliable source)

[chilly knot]

Nah ngl that mf specimen has already been haunting me in my dreams

[tough parcel]

They have been showcased on Prehistoric Planet, thus making them highly reliable 👍

[light osprey]

As a PhP meatrider I can confirm it’s real

[clever sable]

What was showcased on prehistoric planet?

[tough parcel]

Their Dreadnoughtus skeletal

[sullen cairn]

i left for like 30 minutes what the hell happened here

[tough parcel]

Your mom

[sullen cairn]

brilliant

[clever sable]

Cope was being annoying again (not the Paleontologist although he's pretty annoying, but the rex specimen)

[tough parcel]

https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/646193359840608266/1153139849528872980/image.png?ex=651ac4ec&is=6519736c&hm=d7da29e585da5df81438a496251f0fd7313a04754816589c3ff298e53cc44615&

[heady thunder]

27 tons? Small

[steady rock]

i cant tell if this paleochat is smart or dumb

[sullen cairn]

The latter

[light osprey]

Is this real

[compact leaf]

charge your phone

[light osprey]

no

[compact leaf]

which part specifically are you asking about though?

[light osprey]

Attributed Hesperornis material in the Hell Creek

[copper flame]

what dinosaur could eat a calzone and survive?

[compact leaf]

there might be something unofficial disproving it but nothing has actually been published that I know of

[light osprey]

Okay, guess I’ll wait n see

Oh it’s an old publication, guess it’s not anything then

[steady rock]

whats a controversial paleo opinion everyone has?