Build with glibc, ship to musl | Together C & C++ | Page 1

sleek wharf Nov 5, 2025, 7:34 AM

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Hello 👋. I am struggle on building and shipping Cpp application. Currently I use cmake with static linking to avoid any dependency hell with Alpine Linux. Is what I am doing right? Also sometimes I got an error which says it can not link properly boost stack trace - it has double definition of some function.

Is what I am doing right?

GitHub

tim-messanger/services/prompt.service/src/Dockerfile at master · t...

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GitHub

tim-messanger/services/prompt.service/src/CMakeLists.txt at master ...

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coral hatchBOT Nov 5, 2025, 7:34 AM

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hard glen Nov 6, 2025, 6:38 AM

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What does the title mean? You need to compile and link the whole program with the same libc.

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If you mean that you build statically against glibc, then ship to a system which only has musl, beware that you won't be able to use dlopen properly (and glibc will use it by default automatically for some features such as NSS)

sleek wharf Nov 6, 2025, 6:58 AM

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here is the exact problem in logs

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 > [build 9/9] RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.conan2 --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/ccache     cmake -S . -B build     -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=build/Release/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake     -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release     -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache     -DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS="-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -static"     && cmake --build build --config Release:
0.455 -- Build files have been written to: /app/build
0.494 [ 33%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/prompt.service.dir/main.cpp.o
0.812 [ 66%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/prompt.service.dir/configuration/config.cpp.o
1.406 [100%] Linking CXX executable prompt.service
1.432 /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/12/libstdc++.a(eh_alloc.o): in function `__cxa_allocate_exception':
-1.432 (.text.__cxa_allocate_exception+0x0): multiple definition of `__cxa_allocate_exception'; /root/.conan2/p/b/boostd6b2addc3d65f/p/lib/libboost_stacktrace_from_exception.a(from_exception.o):from_exception.cpp:(.text+0x50): first defined here
1.550 collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
1.552 gmake[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/prompt.service.dir/build.make:163: prompt.service] Error 1
1.552 gmake[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:83: CMakeFiles/prompt.service.dir/all] Error 2
1.552 gmake: *** [Makefile:91: all] Error 2
------
-ERROR: failed to build: failed to solve: process "/bin/sh -c cmake -S . -B build     -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=build/Release/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake     -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release     -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache     -DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=\"-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -static\"     && cmake --build build --config Release" did not complete successfully: exit code: 2

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let me clean the code and target to specific cmake + conan, since I didn't link static commit file:

[requires]
boost/1.89.0
libssh/0.11.2

[generators]
CMakeDeps
CMakeToolchain

[layout]
cmake_layout

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)

project(prompt.service LANGUAGES CXX)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -static")

find_package(Boost REQUIRED)
find_package(libssh REQUIRED)

add_executable(prompt.service
    main.cpp
    configuration/config.cpp
)

target_include_directories(prompt.service PUBLIC
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
)

target_link_libraries(prompt.service PRIVATE
    boost::boost
    ssh::ssh
)

target_link_options(prompt.service PRIVATE
    -static-libstdc++
    -static-libgcc
    -static
)```

build command:
```sh
cmake -S . -B build \
    -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=build/Release/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake \
    -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
    -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
    -DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS="-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -static" \
    && cmake --build build --config Release

sleek wharf Nov 6, 2025, 7:10 AM

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hard glen What does the title mean? You need to compile and link the whole program with th...

let me be more clear: I am building with glibc statically, but before I got to alpine docker layer, I got an error. So the problem not with something build with glibc and then executed on musl, the problem with linking happens on building process with libboost_stacktrace_from_exception.a

untold gale Nov 6, 2025, 7:10 AM

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sleek wharf let me clean the code and target to specific cmake + conan, since I didn't link ...

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)

project(prompt.service LANGUAGES CXX)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -static")

find_package(Boost REQUIRED)
find_package(libssh REQUIRED)

add_executable(prompt.service
    main.cpp
    configuration/config.cpp
)

target_include_directories(prompt.service PUBLIC
    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
)

target_link_libraries(prompt.service PRIVATE
    boost::boost
    ssh::ssh
)

# Why do you have this when you set the linking flags globally? It should include the linking already for it i think. Try omitting the section below and see if that works. 
target_link_options(prompt.service PRIVATE
    -static-libstdc++
    -static-libgcc
    -static
)```

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Is this needed: set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -static")

when this is already here: target_link_options(prompt.service PRIVATE -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -static )

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@sleek wharf yeah I think that's fine actually. Do you have liboost installed dynamically?

sleek wharf Nov 6, 2025, 7:18 AM

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untold gale Is this needed: `set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -s...

moreover, in here

cmake -S . -B build \
    -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=build/Release/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake \
    -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
    -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
+    -DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS="-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -static" \
    && cmake --build build --config Release

I also specify this behavior, just in a case. And I think this is not the problem. I tested what you suggested and got same error

sleek wharf Nov 6, 2025, 7:19 AM

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untold gale <@559540353691156489> yeah I think that's fine actually. Do you have liboost ins...

the installation handles by conan package manager

untold gale Nov 6, 2025, 7:20 AM

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sleek wharf the installation handles by [conan](https://conan.io/) package manager

You got a terminal where you can check to see if liboost is installed?

sleek wharf Nov 6, 2025, 7:22 AM

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Yes I got it installed. I will be dropped out from installation in the find_package(Boost REQUIRED) line if I wouldn't

untold gale Nov 6, 2025, 7:27 AM

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If you mean that you build statically against glibc, then ship to a system which only has musl, so yeah. If you got liboost both static and installed on the system. That could be the issue

sleek wharf Nov 6, 2025, 7:31 AM

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untold gale *If you mean that you build statically against glibc, then ship to a system whic...

So you think that system where I build (debian:bookworm-slim) has it is already installed and when I try to execute package manager I got the second definition - I got the error?
It could be possible, may be some of my debian apt packages use boost in these lines:

RUN apt update && apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
    build-essential \
    make \
    cmake \
    git \
    python3 \
    python3-venv \
    python3-pip \
    ccache \
    ca-certificates \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# and after I do this, which could possible give me double definitions of boost

# Install Conan dependencies (with cached Conan home). Ensure profile exists inside cache mount.
RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.conan2 \
    conan profile detect --force && \
    conan install . \
    --build=missing \
    -s compiler.libcxx=libstdc++11 \
    -g CMakeToolchain \
    -g CMakeDeps

I'll try to check this! Thx for the direction

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may be the best way to me will be to use 2 build systems:

for host with using libc (just for debugging)
for container with musl (to shipping)

so I will no longer deal with static hell

untold gale Nov 6, 2025, 7:37 AM

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sleek wharf may be the best way to me will be to use 2 build systems: 1. for host with using...

Thank @hard glen for mentioning it before i came to that same conclusion.

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Either or, good luck

sleek wharf Nov 6, 2025, 7:38 AM

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sleek wharf may be the best way to me will be to use 2 build systems: 1. for host with using...

I'll mark this as an answer. Thx @hard glen and @untold gale for your investigations salute

#Build with glibc, ship to musl