So still in the game no mechanics that can be used to prevent jumps which kinda unfair. But on other hand tractor beam already have good utility roles which makes it hard balance. But I know how to do that.
(edited)
Add special formula which will use difference between masses of 2 ships, quantity of tractor beams and quantity + efficiency of the hyperdrive on the targeted ship -- all to calculated ability to prevent jump with Tractor beam on the current ship
This change will make the jumps in pvp and especially in Career mode little more fair