I recently completely restored the structural elements of my entire ship, but after docking twice, my entire ship is already at about 80-90% condition. I docked once with a derelict at ~0.8m/s, and with another derelict at ~1.4m/s, then took this screenshot.
I do not accelerate or decelerate quickly, usually sticking to 0.5-0.7G of thrust.
Notably, containers, furniture, and loose items are not damaged.
Surely it isn't intentional that ships are supposed to degrade this quickly?