#help-38
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I figured it out, the answer we get after adding and subtracting 1/(x-1) to the original sum is :-
1/(x-1) - (2^{n+1}) / (x^{2n+1} - 1)
its because helpers keep helping people when they post here even when they know its not the original question, now the progress of your question is disturbed and lost in between messages
this is why this help channel is taking so damn long
seems like it, ill have to ping mods if things derail too much
.close
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nice graph btw
Ty
In this graph, as the slope in negative and decreasing, velocity is negative and decrease. Is the acceleration -ve or +ve and increasing or decreasjng
acceleration should be -ve and decreasing
accelartion should be -ve
since velocity is decreasing
@mystic pilot do u have the curve equation
No
slope negative so velocity negative, but ROI +ve so acceleration positive
velcoity is increasing in -ve x direction
velocity is just in opp direction
It's not mathematically decreasing with sign
What is ROI
Wth
I can't read the particular graph for acceleration
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In this graph the slope of each tangent is negative, therefore the velocity is negative, we also see that the velocity is decreasing, therefore we can say that: "The object is decreasing its speed in the negative direction", which occurs when the acceleration is positive
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Reading
continue your question here if you have further inquiries
Got it
Yes I have further
sure! what else do you need help with?
what have you tried so far?
In first interval 0-10sec the velocity is positive and constant and after that velocity is 0
So
if velocity is positive and constant
in the first interval the velocity isnt constant but linear
as you can see, its constantly increasing
Can we not say v = tan(alpha) = constant
not really, this graph is VELOCITY with respect to TIME, not POSITION with respect to TIME, v = tan(alpha) is true only when we have POSITION with respect to TIME
This graph shows how the velocity of the object changes over time, and as you can see, its changing
in this case, the acceleration would be tan(alpha)
sorry mb
all good
Lets look at the second interval first as its easier
What would be the velocity in the second interval?
In 2nd interval velocity is const and a = 0
Correct, and what is the velocity?
You can read that directly from the graph
Velocity is positive
Yes, but what is its value exactly
20m/s
Correct
So if the velocity is 20m/s
then when looking at the graph of **position **with respect to time, we know that between 10 and 15 seconds, tan(alpha) = 20m/s
by position with respect to time, i'm talking about the x-t graph
Yes I'm getting it
I have to draw x-t graph when the velocity is 0 there
And +ve
For the second interval
sorry i didnt understand
Okay :)
Lets start from the beggining now, so when t = 0s
For t = 0s, we know that the velocity is 0m/s, in other words in the x-t graph tan(alpha) = 0m/s => alpha = 0.
This means that in the x-t graph, at the point t=0s, the function is flat.
agree
Yes!
thats right!, now try to continue it, adding the part from 10s to 15s, knowing that velocity is constantly 20m/s, therefore tan(alpha) = 20
Yes
So how would the graph look?
This is only from 0 to 10s, not the rest
Thank you friend
Ill brb in 10 min and I'll ask one more
so that I can test myself
Go ahead :) I might not be active though cause i have to leave soon
I'm mostly self taught
That's a proud thing to say
I havn't done any of these stuff yet in school
thanks :)
You can self taught the same thing that i asked, while I didn't understand in the class
Its ok hahah, different people are good in different things, while I'm good in math and physics, I risk failing my class due to my grades in history, german and italian
Not really any books, mainly youtube, wikipedia, and the internet in general
yea nowadays online resources are so wide spread that learning anything has become way easier
Even the cheapest way
exactly haha
Till how much you have studied physics
Physics I havn't really studied too much, this is pretty much math disguised as physics and for mathematics I've studied quite alot
mathematics till how much
For mathematics I would say till the level of a bachelor although I need a more formal understand of measure theory, right now my understanding is very hand-wavy
But of course it varies a lot, right now I'm writing a paper which requires some knowledge in analytical continuations etc...
Yea hahaha, its just a side project for now
Are you doing this as your own choice and not assignment?
It's by myself, but I'm collaborating with another member of this server
yea as my own choice
You have mathematician mind
Hahaha, thanks :)
nice to talk to yu
Sure
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how is htis alternate segment theorem?
i dont see it
$\angle CAD$ is standing on arc $CD$; $\angle CDE$ is the angle formed by tangent $DE$ and the chord $CD$ that forms arc $CD$.
Civil Service Pigeon
i understand the angle cde is formed by tangent de and the chord cd fdorms that arc
but i dont understand the first bit
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Does y=((1-x^2)^1/2)/x have any vertical tangent lines or cusps? I took the derivative and I get -1/(x^2(1-x^2)^1/2) so that means plus and minus one are defined in the original but not in derivative so I would think to check the left and right side of them. But I can’t because the limits don’t exist of both sides. So does that mean there is or isn’t a vertical tangent line or cusp?
@main meteor Has your question been resolved?
No
Has neither
Because x=0 is undefined
@main meteor Has your question been resolved?
Yes ik. It’s obvious that there is none at x=0
Okay so you basically want the derivative to tend to +inf or -inf
Ye ik
If on one side, it doesn't exist, then you should be done
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(maybe wait for Greenie to finish though)
It's okay. You can close
I was going to look into it more closely but I'm super tired lol
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Hi can someone please explain part c of this question
its not in my textbook
Just calculate both areas and compare them in a ratio
Like if for example area triangle YBX is 15 and triangle OAX is 60 then the ratio is 1:4
did you get b?
if i were to give yoh tvis and asked you to find the ratio of [ABD] to [ACD], do you know how to?
@vernal drum Has your question been resolved?
yep
what did you get?
ok
.
its fine
alright, say i give you the height of ABC is 1 with the base being BC, do you know how to find it then?
it would just be 4:3
it would still be the same because they share a side?
specifically, they share a height
like you could factor out the 2 or 3 or whatever and then the ratio would be the same
yes exactly
so like, [ABD]:[ACD]=1/2×h×4:1/2×h×3=4:3
alright, try doing something simmilar for c
they share BX and OB
ABX to YBX is 4 : 1 right?
correct
and then ABX to OAX is 2:4?
almost
what is this topic called?
dunno
I dont understand like what to do after that
for ABX:OAX, the base is 2 and 6 respectively, so its 1:3
so, we have YBX:ABX=1:4 and ABX:OAX=1:3
and we want to find YBX:OAX
any ideas from here?
@vernal drum Has your question been resolved?
1 : 12
yeah thats it
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,, \int \sqrt{x^2+a} \dd{x}
taebek
I used tanu = x
And you get sec^2(u) under root and some other stuff
I solved by cancelling the root but realised it needs to be in absolute value idk how to remove it
And apparently its not about splitting into cases
You can either directly use integration by parts or put x=(sqrta)tanu
@rotund owl Has your question been resolved?
Just assume that the value is positive don't use the absolute value
How?
Cant assume some without proof
You cant use integration by parts on this
Needs trig sub or some weird hyperbolic sine sub
@rotund owl Has your question been resolved?
Why do you say that though i really think it should be
sec x is periodic
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Cause i searched in symbolab and its like that
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Its one function
Not 2 sections of it
secx>0 for x belongs to [0,pi/2]
Secx<0 for x belongs to (pi/2, pi]
And the period of sec x is 2pi.
I do not know why you cant just split the function
I can but result on symbolab isnt split
Thats why im thinking there is a mistake
!nogpt
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yes you can solve this without using by parts if you substitute x = √a sinhu i think
But everywhere i searched its not 2 sections on the function
Whats sinhu?
Oh
Hyperbolic sine
with e^x e^ (-x)?
Thats what i also found but im just trying to see if tan has an issue
yes
Cause i found different result i believe with tan
tan doesn't have an issue, you just need integration by parts
yes
For that yea ik
The issue is with removing absolute value
Can i remove it or i need to take cases
you don't need to remove the |something|, that's what you want to know right?
Yea
yes you don't need to
no it's only coming at the end
But the integral is outside of it
you are not needing this while integrating
split cases
Fire
Alr
Thanks
Ig thats the only way
Maybe i did mistake and its sums up to 1 type
@nimble niche thanks aswell
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I'm still so confused why you cant split but ok yw ig lol
Ah ok nm u decided u can
All g
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It probably at some point sums up to 1 section cause they are the same maybe
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hello
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does anyone know what this question is asking ?
i dont think its determinant but when i tried to find inverse it doesnt match any of the answers either
ans isnt d either its b
it looks like determinant
it's determinants
they are asking you which of these matrices has equal determinant
is there a topic
but wouldn't determinant mean a single number answer
Column ops on cols 1 and 2
they're probably asking you if you can perform row and column operations to match one of the options there
Yeah, they are asking which of the matrices in options have the same determinant as the given one
wait so is it column operations or equal determinants
Either is fine
same thing
column operations preserve determinant
Column ops don’t change dets
You can convert it into question det or evaluate individual dets in the options
they are asking about determinants, but using column ops seems to be the way to solve it
umm i dont get what u guys mean by column operations but like u said i just calculated the det of the question is -13 and the det of b is also -13 is that why its the answer ??
Yes
thats one way to do it
Add col 1 and 2
notice that you can get (b) by adding the 2nd column of the given matrix to the 1st column
and by doing this, the determinant isnt changed
so you can change the given matrix into (b), without changing the determinant
hence they must have the same determinant
and you can avoid lengthy computation
ohh okay i get it now i didnt know u could do that
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I don't get why the highlighted part is important
wdym why its important
the theorem wants that some polynomial exists
and that highlighted part gets you there
by showing that some related polynomial exists
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what's 2.19?
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I don't see how that gives us that u, Tu, ..., T^(m-1)u is lin. ind.
it's LI because it's a spanning list the size if dim(V)
If it was linearly dependent, then there would exist some k <= m-1 such that T^k(u) is in span of {u, ..., T^(k-1)}
!occupied
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no it isn't, the list has m elements which is less than dim V
contrary to the fact that m was chosen to be the smallest such integer
ahh right
okay
m is the smallest degree of a polynomial of T which vanishes at u
Well, m was initially chosen like this
which literally means that its the smallest integer such that T^m(u) is in the span of {u, ..., T^(m-1) u}
fair enough
and the contradiction with this is then clear
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$\int\sqrt{x^2+a};dx=x\sqrt{x^2+a}-\int\frac{x^2+a-a}{\sqrt{x^2+a}};dx=x\sqrt{x^2+a}-\int\sqrt{x^2+a};dx+a,arcsinh(\frac{x}{\sqrt{a}})\rightarrow\int\sqrt{x^2+a};dx=\frac{x\sqrt{x^2+a}}{2}+\frac{a;arcsinh(\frac{x}{\sqrt{a}})}{2}$
Aman
$\int\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+a}};dx=arcsinh(\frac{x}{\sqrt{a}}) is a standard result$
Aman
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i dont know how to start
under what conditions would x = su + tv describe a line and not a plane
if u,v are scalar multiples
ok
so can you write down the sentence "Au is a scalar multiple of u"
as an equation
Au = lambda*u for real lambda
bingo
so this is just the definition of the eigenvector
indeed
so to formalize everything we can say x = su + t(Au) describes a line through the origin if Au = lambda*u for real lambda. Because u is a nonzero vector u is therefore an eigenvector of A?
u is an eigenvector of A.
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How can a function be differentiable everywhere on R³ but its partial derivative are not continuous ?
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How do i find the area of this
Either integrate or understand basic geometry.
Try splitting the shape into a rectangle and a triangle.
Or think of it as one half of a giant rectangle
And solve for the area of the rectangle and divide by 2
So 10.5
✅
Oh, I realized that the y-axis increments differently.
It said it was 21
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how do i tell right away the number of solutions
define "right away"
like ik from the direction vectors they're scalar muiltiples so theyre either coincidental or parallel but like how do i know the amount of solutions?
idk it just says determine the number of solutions without solving
but hwo??
Aren't they equations of lines?
So don't they intersect at either 0 or 1 or infinite points?
they're parallel lines so they only intersect if they're the same lines
well theyre parallel so that eliminates the second ans
wait
hu
huh
how do yk theyre parallel tho
because one of the direction vectors is a scalar multiple of the other
do you know the slope of a line in parametric form
dont you just know that they're scalar multiples of each other
slope is the wrong word
thats it? but doesnt that mean they can either be parallel or coincidental?
yeah but doenst that tell us that theres either 0 or infinite solutoons
they either touch everywhere or nowhere
the direction vector
you can tell by looking that they're the not same line
yes but how can i determine that
after noticing that their vectors are scalar multioles
uhh
wait
so if theyre coincidental
nvm idk
yea but
if you look at this, theyre not the same line and their "slopes" are scalar multoples
but in this case theyre coincidental if we solve it
but without solving how would you know?
if you just compare this pic to the one i first sent, both "slopes" are scalar multiples but the first one is parallel and the second pic i sent is coincidental
just how do you know which is parallel/coincidental without solving
how are they coincidental
no this one isnt coincidental
you just solve first equation = [1, -4, 4]
the first pic is parallel
Yes
this is coincidental
You have to solve it 💀
are you sure there's no way to tell right away?
im not being lazy, it's what the question is asking 😭
Maybe if you have good intuition you can see it
intuition is crazy
But you’ll have to justify it someday
can i just see if there is some t value that will get me to the point [-2,3,12]
is that how to check
ok
yes
ty
One quick and small calculation you can do is that you can calculate the difference between [-2,3,12] and [1,-4,4] and check if its direction is parallel with [-2,1,5] or not (if yes they must be parallel and coincidental)
wow whatt
why does that hold true tho?
like whats the prooof behind that
never learned to d that so its interesting
Geometrically, [-2,3,12] and [1,-4,4] are points (more exactly the position vectors of those points) that lie on those lines respectively (just put s or t = 0)
So if the parallel lines coincide, geometrically the displacement vector of those PVs must be parallel/antiparallel with either direction vector
Draw it out to see
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I was just wondering, is there anyway around writing down a system of linear equations here
surely you can find the matrix for n=2 or 3
yea, it's a matrix with all 1s
and did you find the char poly
Trying to
for n=2 or 3?
2 for now
did you learn how to find eigenvalues by finding the roots of the characteristic polynomial
Trying to
yes
this doesn't work?
this seems easier to me.
wait
perhaps a little another way of seeing the eigenvalues. you can see that the image space is generated by (1,1,..,1), so the rank of T is 1. what that means is 0 is an eigenvalue of am = gm = n-1. the remaining eigenvectors must lie within span(1,1,..,1). let x = (1,1,..1), one can easily see Tx = nx, so n is an eigenvalue.
I haven't done char polys yet

just realised.
Axler introduces them in chapter 8
atleast theat;s the first reference I can find

I mixed up minmal polys with characteristic ploys
hmm
makes sense
thanks
I think I have to revise the poly part
oops
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Thanks again
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Can someone help me spot a mistake here
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would b be 18.6km?
help
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i don’t understand how to continue after calculating sigma
it would help if you provided a translation
A caterer is providing lunch at an event with 200 attendees. The lunch consists of soup, a snack, and sandwiches. Experience shows that 15% of the attendees do not want soup. There is enough soup for 175 people.
- Calculate the probability that there is not enough soup for all the attendees who want soup.
The organization would find it embarrassing if there were not enough soup for everyone who wants it. Therefore, it has been agreed with the caterer that there must be enough soup so that the probability that all people who want soup can actually have it is at least 99%.
- For how many people should the caterer provide soup?
this is what i have so far
@drifting glacier Has your question been resolved?
<@&286206848099549185> i’m crashing out
@drifting glacier Has your question been resolved?
the expected amount of ppl who want soup is 170 and they prepared 175 soup
the standard deviation of proportion is root ( p (1-p) / n )
so the z score is (175-170) / standard. dev.
themn use a z table
voila.
better to use 175.5
meh justt the same ( i never learned that in my stats course tbh)
what would the answer be?
i don’t get it. i’m supposed to use a graphic calculator
can you not show me the calculations?
@drifting glacier Has your question been resolved?
Huh
Why graphic calculator
We are supposed to use z table in statistics
z table is precomputed values, you can use a scientific calc instead of course
its obvious though, for binomial {X>=176} and{X > 175} are the same event, for Gaussian they arent so you pick the middle value
@drifting glacier Has your question been resolved?
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which is correct im so so so confused
Whats the value of n in the first formula?
right one is absolutely correct , the first img shows similarity with shortest distance between a point and a line , but yeah whats n ?
Is it a perpendicular vector to the plane? If so then the inclusion of it in |n•PQ|/|n| should basically be accounting for the difference of Q being "any" point in the left, and Q being a point on the perpendicular line in the right
Look into the relationship between the dot product and cosine
those are the same formula?
i dont get it , if its normal it would be right no?
n is presumably any normal vector to the plane
Both are
One is in vector form and one is in cartesian
@chilly blaze Has your question been resolved?
how tho
yes
but like
doesnt the dot product give you ax+by+cz?
the other formula has a +d?
they prove the second formula starting from the first formula, in the second image
The second one is from the first
So its essentially just the first
one is solved the algebraic way the other vector , both are interconvertable
and handy
Yeah but if you need to give answers in cartesian form second is useful
if vector projection is the distance between a line and a plane, if we're asked to find the distance between a line and a point, aren't we technically using the same formula?
since $(x_0, y_0, z_0)$ is on the plane $Ax + By + Cz + D = 0$, it satisfies that plane equation. therefore we have the equation [ Ax_0 + By_0 + Cz_0 + D = 0 ]
uhh why tho cuz dont they both give magnitude
cloud
Also gives you the normal vec (A,B,C)
And the d, which is the only thing that changes for parallel planes
Also lets you know if a certain point lies on the plane by plugging it in exactly like with a line
Lots of uses
ohh
ok
also like
this is the formula for distance between 2 lines
am i tripping or isnt that the same formula as distance between a plane and a line
or distance between a point and a line
are they the same formulas 😭
so there's kjust 1 formula for distance with lines and planes?
Matters*
if two lines don't intersect then they lie in parallel planes
so the distance between the two lines is also the distance from any point on one line to the plane of the other
i forgot if its the same for skew lines sorry
Lemme google
Ah yeah ofc it isnt lol
Their direction vectors are different 
But yeah for the other stuff you can use that formula
For skew lines its different
ohhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
Dyk what skew lines are
ya
o wait
isnt the closest distance between skew lines just 0
cuz they intersect
😹
no
Thats intersecting lines
ioops.
Not skew lines
no, skew lines don't intersect, they are precisely the "parallel plane case" i mentioned but excluding parallel lines
so this formula works provided you take QP as the distance from any point on one line to any point on the other line, and n as the cross product of direction vectors
The vector form of SD betn skew lines is very handy btw keep that in mind
due to the parallel plane property i mentioned
oh
i think thts what ive always been doing
what
what is sd
Shortest distance
also if i use the vector projection formula for 2 lines that intersect it should = 0 right
yea
bro what
doesnt vector projection = distance??
if they intersect..
doesnt distance = 0...
Use the formula
im so confused
No it doesnt
i thought vector porjection formula gives you closest dostance
.
whar the hll
whzttt
Unless im getting confused
im dying
Wait lemme reread
if you use this formula for the distance between intersecting lines, then QP and n will be perpendicular and you will get 0
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and just to clarify then that formila (vector projection) gives you the shortest distance?basically distance formula for lines and planes?
ops
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how do i graph the stuff like sohcahtoa
im stuck on where to find a period and how to label the graph
or what a period even is
also what is the amplitude and how do i find that
yes
yk where it starts?
cos(0)=1 so 1
yup
just did a few problems on it
im doing a whole semester review
and i am so lost with a few units
alr ty
would b be (2theta) 2 being b
yes
alr
Acos(Bx) + C
period is pi
so if the number is below 1 it gets stretched if its above it gets shrunk
Ya
but im not completely understanding how
so it starts at x=1
y=1*
then goes down
if i were to use a unit circle how would i use it to help
cos = x on the unit circle
I mean youve been using it
Because of the (2x)
ohhh
If you plug in pi/4
you get 2(pi/4)
which simplifies to cos(pi/2)
and whats cos(pi/2)?
which would be 0
right
right
ahh that makes so much more sense
okay
now what is the amplitude and what does it do
ive got this if it helps
oh oj
ok
It changes the range
So, whatever answer you get from sin(4x)
you multiply by 3
which changes the range
so its just 3 up or 3 down more?
wouldnt that be range?
cause domain is x axis
<-----------> domain
alr just making sure
now since its sin
well be starting at 0
cause sin of 0 is 0
wait how is cos of 0 1?
cos is x on a unit circle
so x= 0 it would be -1 or 1 right
also i think i finished, its like 2 s's sideways and period is pi/2 amplitude is 3
reflection of the x axis
yep
mhm
alr im figuring it out
like the way it works from a parent graph
last one
for now
i have analytical trigonometry next and idk what im doing there
crud
wait
lemme guess
or think i know what im doing
so first itll be stretched by 2
second needs to be moved right 2 cubes
left
left alr
(x-b) to the right (x+b) to the left
nice
yes
left 1/4 of a period
so the range is [-2, 2]
Establigh
its my teacher 😮💨
uu
what do i do first
uhm
i dont think so
There's (1 + (cotx)^2) = (cscx)^2
So
I used to do these all the time
The trick is to change everything into sin and cos
So csctheta = 1/sintheta
cotx = cosx/sinx
and go from there
How are ya doin
2(1/sin)-2(cos/sin)(cos)=2/csc
chance that other csc too
i was told by my teach we can only change one side at a time
2sinx yes
/2
(2/1/sinx) = 2sinx
oh yea
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Hi I need help with this question
have you studied the quadratic formula?
what have you tried?
you have to use the formula x=(-b+sqrt(b^2-4ac))/2a
Do you know the condition for d such that there is only one real root?
to find the roots
Greater than 0
the points where the curve touches the x axis
Thats for 2 real roots
900 - 4 (-9)(c) =0
isolate the c in order to get the answer
now can you solve for c?
Subtract 900 both side
no
mhm
It works
I saw it now
36 c = -900
Not -900?
d = 0 if theres one real root only
it's a university entrance exam
I advise you to remember
👍
so in this case, yes
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np
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🧐
I’ve written 16ax + 4bx / 64x^2
Ohh wait a = 64
Do I still distribute the x to b?
No need for x to be present when you are calculating -B/A
How did you get to that?
Oh ok I understand, it is the a coefficient of the quadratic equation not the value of the variable a
You need to clarify that : )
So as you just said coefficient doesn't include x in them so just remove the xs
Then complete your work
Alr I got 16a + 4b / 64
X^2- 4/64(4a +b)x + ab/64=0
K(4a +b)
Just think
Ok right can you get k now?
She doesn't want to factor it, she wants to solve for k in the question.
This won't help very much except when it comes to factoring
You can get that
I got k = 1/4
😞
The key says it’s wrong
How to get that
Yeah but as a helper don't give the solutions right away
Yup
??
(16a + 4b)/64 = k(4a+b)
What did you do after that
Take 4 common out then
Ohh
4(4a+b)/64 = k(4a+b)
So I think you can see it now
I got 4a+b/16 = k(4a+b
Divide both side over (4a+b)
I understand what you wanted to say, but it is better to write in proper notation to prevent confusion
So put (4a+b) in parentheses or brackets
What have you got?
I got
But this could be solved by equating -B/A=k(4a+b)
Yeah but it was 16 not 64
Yeah which is what she did
Paper
Yeah
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How are any of these correct
Because I know this is arthmetic so it has to either be 3 or 4 but then the equestrian is not completed for either of those so they r also wrong
Because they are multiplying and your not supposed to multiply and it only includes one number not two
Are we focusing on 1c?
,rccw
Yeah, the instructions says to select all expressions that work
So some of them wont
I know this is arthmetic. A recursive equation for that is f(n)=f(n-1)+GF for when n is equal to or greater to the second value
I know 1 ,2 ,5,6 don’t work because it is saying for when n is equal to or greater to 1 and it is supposed to be 2 not 1
Like I think 3 works but besides that I don’t know what other one could work since 4 is the same as 3 but with the wrong rate of change
Aside from actually looking like the general formula, have you also plugged in numbers to confirm your thought process?
No idk how I would know what number to plug in
you wrote up a table of n and D(n), yeah?
And if another one is right then I’m screwed because I thought for when n is somthing it is the second step but four of these are equally the first step so idk what I’m doing wrong for all my other work
if you try all of the suggested D(n)s on your table, they should match
the ones that don't match are definitely not correct
So you basically replace the variable with a number, preferably one thats on your table
And if it matches and its a good explression
that's not to say that the ones that match are definitely correct, but that's at least a start