#help-33
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you can estimate it
if you know one square is a 1 by 1
the form triangles were it is sloped
and find the length (hypotenuse) of the triangle
and add all of the the lengths needed
im not sure how to precisely do that
well you can't be precise since you only have a large 1 by 1
i did this but the answer was 1 or 2 metres off so im wondering how i precisely do it
ok, try to use the a^2 + b^2 = c^2
i have i have
i used the pytha and I calculated the hypotenuse
so all of the ropes
but as it goes decimals or like
yeah
yes yes, but for the exact place the rope is in or for an estimate in regards to the outlines of the boxes
since all of these are just y = mx + c lines
you can calculate the gradient
input x as the base
and get y
then you have the accurate base and height
right I used the estimate
so youre suggesting to use the gradient formula and calculate the precise numbers
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@unreal adder
mhm
thats the way to get it to be more precise
you can also reverse it to find the base if you have a better estimate of the height
well then whats the faster way
more precise; y = mx+c
less precise but faster = estimating by eye
thats if you are estimating
but as you said you were off by a bit
depends on the margin of error that is allowed on the question
ye i got around 23 as well just by estimating
but thats the exact amount
but that is not to safely complete
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,rotate
just start equating them xd
so the opposite sides in rectangles are equal
so equate the values on both sides
So let's take diagram a
yea
On the left there is 5y+3 and right there is 17
Since opposite sides in a rectangle are equal
5y + 3 = 17
5y = 14
y = 14/5
soooooo one sec
yea?
so 2.8?
U can just keep it in fraction honestly but yea
ok so it will be
no but what about 2x-4 and 10
Oh shit i forgot
Don't mind this btw
so it will be 14/7 + 3 and 17
Yea we just equate them
yea
What?
just put an equal sign
good job
so u found y for diagram a
14 +3=17
now you have to find x too
okkii thankss !!
wait for diagram b - the y and 13x how do i do that?
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Let (V, ‖·‖2) = (Mn,n(C), ‖·‖2)
Show that for all A ∈ V the sequence
Sum (...) converges to (V, ‖·‖2)
Note: The limit is denoted by exp(A) = (...).
(...) is this sequence
I have considered estimating the exponential function with cauchy in order to show that the sequence converges, but I cannot find a suitable cauchy sequence
I think the norm 2 on matrices lets you to say norm (AB) ≤ norm(A).norm(B)
So try to show abs conv
ok i try that ty
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Help
Mate dont occupy two channels
Sorry
are u 13?
Ye
fr?
Yes
Just safe lmaooo
even if he is he won't
Nah i can see a 13yr old do congruency
yea actually
So, help me
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how do I solve this question?
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`
c = -13?
how'd u come up with that
dscriminant
$b^2 -4ac = 0 \ \ (-2)^2 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (-12 - c) = 0 \ 4 + 48 + 4c = 0 \ 52 + 4c = 0 \ 4c = -52 \ c = -13$
pixel
yeah that looks right
yo sorry i didnt see this
do u know the point gradient formula for the equation of a line?
@low mica Has your question been resolved?
y2-y1 / x2-x1
that one?
wait
no
y-y1=m(x-x1)
right
where (x1,y1) is a point that it passes through
so i'd first start with that
$y+2 = m(x-1) \ y=mx-m-2 \ y=x^2 \ \ x^2 = mx-m-2 \ x^2-mx+m+2 = 0 \ \ b^2-4ac = 0 \text{(tangent)} \ \ (-m)^2-4 \cdot 1 \cdot (m+2) = 0 \ m^2 - 4m - 8 = 0 \ y= \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a} \ \ \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{16-4 \cdot 1 \cdot -8}}{2} \ + = 5.46 \ -=-1.46$
yeah we can take the discriminant
uhhhhhh did i do something wrong
yeah take the discriminant of the resulting quadratic
mx-m-2 is just a straight it doesnt have a discriminant
no, make our two equations y=x^2 and y=mx-m-2 equal eachother
oh right
yeah this looks more like it
yeah
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u have the right idea just wrong execution
-6 and 2 dont multiply to -8
you will have to solve the quadratic using the quadratic formula or by completing the square
💀 dude
im autistic
$y+2 = m(x-1) \ y=mx-m-2 \ y=x^2 \ \ x^2 = mx-m-2 \ x^2-mx+m+2 = 0 \ \ b^2-4ac = 0 \text{(tangent)} \ \ (-m)^2-4 \cdot 1 \cdot (m+2) = 0 \ m^2 - 4m - 8 = 0 \ y= \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a} \ \ \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{16-4 \cdot 1 \cdot -8}}{2} \ + = 5.46 \ -=-1.46$
pixel
@dusky viper doing it right so far?
yeah, i'd just keep the answers in exact form
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need help
what have you tried?
in the end i got (- p v q) -> r
where it ask me to prove p v r which i feel impossible
since i cant eliminate q
can you show your derivation?
okay gimme a min
this is the second step i did
i got negation p v q ^ tautology
the last one i use the formula p -> q = -p v q
a -> (b -> c) is different from (a -> b) -> c
wait which part
nvm, the main issue is something else. Here are your first three lines with proper parentheses:
- (p → q) ∧ (p → r) → r
- (p → q ∧ r) → r
- (p → q ∧ ¬r) ∨ r
can you see the error?
(p → q ∧ ¬r) ∨ r
this
i cant use r inside the bracket to imply p -> q which implies on r
unless i change ^ to v ?
idk if im wrong
yes, that's the error
try it again, but be more careful with parentheses
this is ambiguous, for example
got it
so what do i need to solve first
like the q ^ r
or inside the bracket ( )
i shouldnt be touching -> r right?
change one of the implications to a disjunction (∨)
you can do either one
missing the → r at the end, but yes
letss goo
All three of these are equivalent
- (p → [q ∧ r]) → r
- (¬ p ∨ [q ∧ r]) → r
- ¬ (p → [q ∧ r]) ∨ r
cuz there is q
got it
i try
now
can i use associative law
([¬ p ∨ q] ∧ r) → r
there is no associative law for ∨ and ∧
there's a distributive law
oh shiii
unless there ^ ^ or vv i can use
associative
sorry my bad
(¬ p ∨ [q ∧ r]) → r maybe i can expand q = q ^q or q v q as in idempotent law
- (the sky is blue OR ice is cold) AND grass is pink
is different from - the sky is blue OR (ice is cold AND grass is pink)
ok that makes sense
rather,
- (the sky is blue OR ice is cold) AND grass is pink
is the same thing as - (the sky is blue AND grass is pink) OR (ice is cold AND grass is pink)
hence distributive not associative
so you want me to use disributive
why not get rid of the →'s first
which part btw
implies r ?
-(( - p v q ) ^ ( -p v r )) v r
yep
ok bro now i show u my working
seems good?
i can use associative law now right
since i got V V

is this (p ∧ (¬q ∨ ¬r)) ∨ r or p ∧ ((¬q ∨ ¬r) ∨ r)?
jeeez i forgot
or actually, this works
use the distributive law again to bring the r inside the parens
got it
wait how
(p ∧ (¬q ∨ ¬r)) distributive law on this
or
(¬q ∨ ¬r)) ∨ r this
[p ∧ (¬q ∨ ¬r)] ∨ r
woah
one of those is not valid
how is that
I mean the proposition is [p ∧ (¬q ∨ ¬r)] ∨ r
not valid?
this doesn't make sense
(see how there are two ))'s in a row?)
yep
idk how tho
like i know p v ( q n r ) = (p ^ q )v (p ^ r )
but now im facing 3 variables
(¬q ∨ ¬r) acts like a single variable because it's in parentheses
those "q"s are not the same, but yes
aww
- [p ∧ (¬q ∨ ¬r)] ∨ r
is equivalent to - (p ∨ r) ∧ ((¬q ∨ ¬r) ∨ r)]
yea
but you still shouldn't reuse "q"
you can use another letter if you really want to do that
nearly done!
remember we wanted to get the ¬r and r together
yep
so ( t v -q ) ^ ( r v p )
yes
T v -q
q -> T
how
domination law ?
yes
think about it logically
"1 + 1 = 2 OR <anything else>" is always true
no matter what <anything else> is
that p can be anything
(in this case ¬p)
looks fine to me
whats next
wait a min
if i could assume that ^ (AND) which either both must be true in order the entire statement to be true
therefore i just prove( p v r )
yes?
oh my god
wtf
for 6 hours i been stuck on this
now i got it
💀
@sand kindle thx for the help btw
also for the last part what law is it
welp identity laws
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do a and b represent the digits of the number?
ah, represent them as multiples of the digits
for example, 21 = 2 * 10^1 + 1 * 10^0
treat them as variables
literally take my example, change "2" to "a" and "1" to "b"
yeah, and you can write ba = 10b + a. see if that helps
the same way you represent ab = 10a + b
just switch a and b
it is another way of representing ba
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need some help with b plz
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@mossy widget Has your question been resolved?
@mossy widget you can separate f(z) into two terms, one polynomial and the other rational, polynomial is just the first part of the laurent series expansion while for the rational part you can use that hint
yh i did that
wait one sec
here
k would be from -inf to 2 no?
ok thats what i dont get
why
i dont get it
ye
since n >= 0 then 2 - n <= 2
no problem
why does it change to n + 3?
they took the terms for n <= -1 and just changed n to -n
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confusing ts out of me
i divided the function and got 20.039 but theres no indication to round
try just directly putting the function instead of dividing yourself
i used mathway
like 643.885/1.944 * sqrt(K/273.15)
oh
returns the same answer
the answer seems to be right but im not rounding correctly
cuz i plugged in the second part and got a correct answer
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w h a t
amwn0tyk
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what does the length of an arc represent?
Imagine if you walk along an arc
It tells the distance you travel
the amount of string it would take to line it
Which isn't the straight line displacement but longer
i still dont understand
for example
if i had a pos vs time graph
and lets say my line is y=x
from t=0 to t=1
i travel 1 unit of position
but the arc length from 0 to 1 is sqrt(2)
but my total displacement was only 1
arc length represents the length of the graph itself
so what doe sthe sqrt(2) represent
how would the arc length be useful
there are applications in stuff like physics, other math
you can find perimeters of cool stuff
oh
also just nice to be able to do that
couldyou give me a simple example
an example of where it would be useful?
yes
Answer (1 of 2): With arc lenght you can find:
- the total arc length (i.e. circumference) of a 2-dimensional figure; like a 2-dimensional trajectory of a particle. There are some physical quantities which depend on distance travelled, like energy or work. The distance travelled can be calculat...
examples
useful for minimizing things too like lengths of curved objects
roads, bridges, etc
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What excatly is this question asking me?
,rccw
“When the ball has traveled a horizontal distance of 55m, is its height less than 3m above ground or not?”
My brain is so slow
I didn’t realise they playing cricket
So ofc it would be from the ground 😭
Hehe, well, to be fair it doesn’t matter so much that it’s the “ground” but that you want to be less than 3m from the point you hit it from, so can consider that as the “ground” for the question 
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I need help with geometry. I have to prove that a rectangle is a parallelogram.
Give me a hint
List what makes a shape a rectangle
List what makes a shape a parallelogram
Observe that the conditions for a parallelogram are weaker than that of a rectangle
This means the rectangle is only a special case of a parallelogram
It's a quadrilateral in which all angles are right angles
It's a quadrilateral in which opposite sides are parallel
Are there any conditions besides these?
Try to say this with angles
Because you used angles for the rectangle
@sturdy bobcat Has your question been resolved?
I know from a previous theorem from the book I'm using that, in a parallelogram, opposite angles are congruent
Aha
Since in a rectangle all angles are right, opposite angles are congruent
Therefore it's a parallelogram
Alright, thanks
You can also use parallel-ness of the sides
Parallelogram requires opposing sides to be parallel yes
So do rectangles!
They just also require them to be perpendicular to adjacent sides
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hi
idk how to simplfy
you have a quadratic equation
move all the terms to one side and solve using quadratic formula/completing the square/factorisation (whichever you're more comfortable with)
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Assume we are given 7 distinct points in the plane R2 with the following property: any line that goes through two of the points is going through at least three of the points. Prove that all 7 points have to lie on one line.
I proved this in a very horrible method
You can start with assuming that a line only goes through 3 points
prove that wrong
and then if one line goes through four points easily prove that all points go on the same line
but I did this just with a kinda of a brute force way
You can assume A = {1,2,3} forms a line (1 through 7 are the 7 points)
B = {1,4,5} forms a line
and C = {1,6,7} forms a line
then consider the line {3,5,p}
if p = 1 or 2 (Eg: {3,5,1}, {3,5,2}) then {3,5,p} shares two points with A, so then these two are the same line and 4 points go through a line
if p = 4 then you get the same problem but with B
p = 6 is the hard one
If you consider {2,5,q} then you find the only possible q value is 7
then you consider {3,4,r} and find that the only valid r is 7
then you consider {2,6,x}. I can prove that all of them don't work besides x=4 but I don't know how to show x=4 can't happen without a picture
All the conditions combined would be {1,2,3}, {1,4,5}, {1,6,7}, {2,5,7}, {3,4,7}. And I need to show that if you also have {2,6,4}, then some line has atleast 4 points on it
I can show this with a picture and complete the proof
is there some better way to do this
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You can ignore what I have and just look at the question, because my proof is ugly and I need to know a better way to solve it
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how to calculate the angle between two vectors
use the dot product formula: [ \va a \cdot \va b = \norm{\va a}\norm{\va b} \cos \theta ]
cloud
knowing the magnitude of the two vectors and their dot product, you can solve for the angle
mm ok yes i got that
new question
PQRS is a parallelogram. If PQ = p and QR = q, then SQ is equal to?
have i drawn it correctly?
.close
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How do I prove this
What does g being even and h being odd mean? Can you write a statement for that in terms of f?
f(x)=g(-x)+-h(-x)?
Well, I mean, that is correct at least 
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is it true that if u=u(x,y), and $x = e^s \cos t, y=e^s \sin t$ i want to find $u_x$, is $u_x = u_s s_x + u_t t_u$
lewis_f04
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are the bounds of the cardiod and dimpled limacon always 0 to 2pi
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I don't really understand proofing and stuff and its actually like frustrating me at this point cs im good at math
5 would be AAS and 7 would be parallelogram
angle angle side
wait
this is geometry btw 😭
both are 90 degree
yeah
definition of rectangle?
yeah
@hollow dawn Has your question been resolved?
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how does the first expression simplify into the second <@&286206848099549185>
Take the second bracket common
are you familiar with the distributive property
i think ive covered it before but i dont remember exactly rn
what does that imply
oh right i have
(a1 + a2)(b1 + b2) = A1(b1+b2) + a2(b1 + b2)
np
ye ofc ik the distributive property but i didnt recognise it my bad
in General
a(x±y) = ax±ay
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Let P(x) be a polynomial with real coefficients let $\alpha_1, \alpha_2....\alpha_k$ be distinct real roots of P(x)
ƒ(Why am. I here)=I don't Know
If P'(x) is its derivative
show
$\lim_{x\ \rightarrow\alpha_i}\left(\frac{\left(x-\alpha_i\right)\left(P'\left(x\right)\right)}{P\left(x\right)}\right)=r_i$
ƒ(Why am. I here)=I don't Know
for some positive integer $r_i$
I was able to show that it's some real value
but why must it be $r_i$
ƒ(Why am. I here)=I don't Know
I mean an integer
ƒ(Why am. I here)=I don't Know
I'll send my proof here
so $ln(P(x)) =ln((x-\alpha_1))+ln((x-\alpha_2))......+ln((x-\alpha_k))$
ƒ(Why am. I here)=I don't Know
or $\frac{1}{P\left(x\right)}P'\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{\left(x-\alpha_1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-\alpha_2\right)}.....+\frac{1}{\left(x-\alpha_k\right)}$
ƒ(Why am. I here)=I don't Know
so I have
What if you took log of this
Do some handwave magic and move the log inside the limit
just a min
Let me write my thoughts first
$\frac{\left(x-\alpha_i\right)P\left(x\right)\left(\frac{1}{\left(x-\alpha_1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-\alpha_2\right)}......+\frac{1}{x-\alpha_{k\ \ }}\right)}{P\left(x\right)}$
ƒ(Why am. I here)=I don't Know
or I have
$\frac{\left(x-\alpha_i\right)\left(\frac{1}{\left(x-\alpha_1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-\alpha_2\right)}......+\frac{1}{x-\alpha_{k\ \ }}\right)}{ }$
ƒ(Why am. I here)=I don't Know
why is this necessarily an integer
if its an integer cant you assume x-a_i divides x-a_n
or something
something with proof of contradiction
suppose that if it doesnt turn out then its not an integer
no, I mean this is supposed to be true for any general polynomial , right
why is that true
<@&286206848099549185>
yeah, I noticed that
And every other term, what does it become?
damn it
I could have scored 10 in the exam on this
😭
got everything else right
quickdoom
(the alpha(j)s are distinct, so the denominator in this fraction is never 0)
yeah
Yes
Oh also, i am too trying to solce the last problem
I think i have a solution to the fiest part in #discrete-math
I am having trouble proving the other inequality
I just used language to make it concise, but the concepts dont involve any real graph theory
☺️ thanks!! Same to you
.close
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I have solved the question but dont know why its 3 equal parts isnt it 4?
“The sides of another square are divided into three equal parts”
still dont get it
you can see the tick marks on each side to see how they did that
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why does square rooting the det of this give me k?
i dont think it's the square root
k is the determinant of the enlargement matrix P
i'd write arbitrary transformation matrices first
yep
that what the mark scheme says tho
but since rotations preserve size, the determinant of M is equal to the determinant of P
wouldn't it be k^2?
is it asking for area scale factor or or length scale factor ?
ok it must be area scale factor mb
2 things
|M| = |PQ| = |P||Q|
and |Q| = 1 since transformation Q is a rotation
3rd thing, what's the matrix of P supposed to be ?
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cannot lie
do not know where to start lol
acc wait yes i do gimme a sec
ok now i dont
gg
help
how did you do (a)
set it = x then just solve a polynomial
ok I had hoped you had done something different. but I suppose that was much easier here
so anyway, you want to solve f(x)=x
equivalently, f(x)-x=0
and you know that f is continuous
do you have a theorem which gurantees you the solution to some equation involving some continuous function?
yes
so if i said
g(x) = f(x) - x
and the domain of g is [0, 1]
can i assume the range of g os [-1, 1]
or is that leaping in logic
also note the difference between range and codomain
oh so what i said is the codomain
but the range is somemthing else
that makes sense
why is that the codomain
because ive said that the values have to exist between -1 and 1
but it's not true that the function takes all vlaues between -1 and 1
hence it cant be the range
well it can be true but
u cant assume that
because the codomain of f is [0, 1]
and the codomain of x is [0, 1]
so the co-domain of f(x) - x has to be [-1, 1] as the lowest poss value is 0-1
and the highest poss value is 1-0
ok
so now g:[0,1]->[-1,1] is continuous
and you want to find a root
how could you do that
which thm do you want to use
wait g is cts
ohh
so then
by IVT wouldnt it follow that for all y in the interval[g(0), g(1)] there exists a c in [0, 1] s.t. f(c) = y
and as g(0) = f(0) - 0 = f(0) which exists in [0, 1] and g(1) = f(1) - 1 which exists in [-1, 0]
that means there must exist a d in [0, 1] s.t. g(d) = 0 by IVT?
so f(d) - d = 0 which implies there exists a fixed point d of f?
yup
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let A and B be square matrices of order 2 such that tr(A) = 7, |A| = 22, tr(B) = 4, |B| = 11, tr(AB) = 33, solve for x such that |A+xB| = 272
@wind whale Has your question been resolved?
was this in a test
i remember seeing this
anyways, $|A+xB|=|A|+x^2|B|+x|\mathrm{tr}(A)\mathrm{tr}(B)-\mathrm{tr}(AB)|$ this should help
bo
@wind whale
is this true for all square matrices or order 2 specifically
order 2 specifically
maybe? i had someone share this to me
is there a general expression for a general square matrix?
preparing for some exam?
we both are, yes
not that i know of
jee?
i had this
considering you asked that question
was it rather recently?
last sunday
okay, i know where you live lmao
which means you also have an exam today
because my friend does
where 👀
are you fine with me saying that just like that
sure
lol
nah that's not where i live
sure you do mate
it was an all india test
what'd you score
i didn't check
there's no way
it wasn't allat 💀
most of the questions were quite easy
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dms would be better ig, discussion is general
if you're ok that is
ok i suppose
hey! can someone help explain me how to do this problem regarding derivatives ?
i’m assuming we use chain rule but the professor doesn’t cover material too well in lecture
Ye so chain rule is used when you have the composition of two functions
Can you find the two simpler functions which compose to make cot²(x)
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How would you use to solve this if it had an infinity on top and is it possible to solve it in desmos
what kind of series is that?
I’m not sure I just started learning this
would it help point you in the right direction if i told you that type of series was called a geometric series?
its hard trying not to give the answer away haha
What’s the difference between arithmetic and geometric series
YEAHHH
What are you doing in arithmetic sequences?
I do these type of problems but I never saw a infinity on top and only learned arithmetic
Oh in arithmetic sequences it’s normally unbounded
Doesn’t really converge to a number
In geometric it does
That’s why we could use infinity
So it’s 2?
Well depends on the ratio used
Yeah I got the geometric formulas
I don’t understand what r stands for
r just stands for the beginning point
so where the series will start
Who is fluent in geometry
Oh alright thanks
would that not be the a value, and r is the common ratio?
u seem smarter, we can just go with your explanation
Common ratio between what?
If you have a question plz open a new channel.
and if we're using a * r ^ (n-1) as a formula for the series, waht would r be?
3/1?
That makes a lot more sense now.
in your original question, do you know what that symbol means?
The sigma notation?
yeah
Writing a sequence in shorter length?
I’m going to try to solve it now since I know what r means now
the sum of expression inside the sigma, with the lower and upper bounds of the sigma
so what you're essentailly calcualting here is the infinite geometric series of (2/3)^n
where a sequence is a bunch of numbers in a particular order (1, 3, 9, 12, 15, etc)
and a series is the sum of that bunch of numbers in a particular order (1 + 3 + 9 + 12 + 15, etc)
So it would be (2/3)/(1-2/3) equaling 2 because the r term is (4/9)/(2/3) which gets you the bottom part of the formula, (1-2/3) and if you divide that by the numerator which is 2/3 it would be 2.
yep exactly
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did i set this up right?
Looks right
how much linalg do you know?
You could try computing the value of <a,b> directly by using <3a-4b, 3a-4b> = 361, expanding using linearity and plugging in for <a,a> and <b,b>
@spring stirrup Has your question been resolved?
Someone please help me
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Part c, im not getting the show that, i have a factor of pi^2 on the top and missing a factor of 3 on the bottom, not sure where im going wrong
unreadable for me 😭
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i have a quesion about taylor series
so im trying to work out the taylor series of log x about center of 10
i cant tell if this is right
"log" referring to log base 10?
Remember that you're evaluating all derivatives at 10 of course
oh wait looking at it i think i did my derivatives wrong
1/xln10 -> -1/x^2 ln10 -> 2/x^3 ln10
i forgot to add a numerator coefficient
(so evaluate this when x = 10, and same with the other derivatives upon correcting)
so the (n-1)! would be the coefficient in the numerator at each term
n = 3 youre multiplying it by 2, n = 4 youre multiplying it by 2 x 3 etc.
is this right though i cant tell
The x in the denominator 
(other than that, looks basically like it)
And see the comments here: while you have "1/xln10 -> -1/x^2 ln10 -> 2/x^3 ln10", you're evaluating each of those derivatives at x = 10, remember the form of the Taylor expansion 
Once you do, you put that with the evaluated at 10 versions into the series

