#help-28

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round turret
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yes

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the radius is reflected along the x axis

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oh shit i see ur right

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what do you mean by this

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im having trouble conceptualizing that

celest tapir
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π to 2π traces over the same circle again

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@round turret Has your question been resolved?

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honest quest
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honest quest
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Partial fractions problem, I figure how find B but with A I need set up equal to polynomial to figure it’s coefficient but idk how to

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I grouped it

raw quartz
honest quest
glossy valveBOT
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Shoshir

honest quest
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oo

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i was gonna ask if this is the correct approach

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but look like maybe not

raw quartz
# honest quest but look like maybe not

For a 2nd degree rational polynomial $P\left(x\right)$, $\frac{N\left(x\right)}{P\left(x\right)}$ $A \cdot P_1\left(x\right) + B\cdot P_2\left(x\right) = N\left(x\right)$ where $P_1 \times P_2 = P\left(x\right)$, $A = \frac{N\left(x\right)}{P_1\left(P_2^{-1}\left(0\right)\right)}, \quad B = \frac{N\left(x\right)}{P_2\left(P_1^{-1}\left(0\right)\right)}$ so $\frac{A}{P_1\left(x\right)} + \frac{B}{P_2\left(x\right)} = \frac{N\left(x\right)}{P\left(x\right)}$

glossy valveBOT
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Shoshir

honest quest
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im sorry i sorta dont understand this 😦

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i figured it out tho!

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i grouped it wrong, so i redid it

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@honest quest Has your question been resolved?

restive whale
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suck my d

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brittle cliff
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how do i solve part d?

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gritty rose
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use the error or remainder formula for taylor series

brittle cliff
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i know the error bound formula but dont know use it

brittle cliff
gritty rose
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Wut

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Did you read 1e

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.close

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manic ocean
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Why can we not find C for this power series representation?

atomic hare
onyx stream
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indefinite integrals always have a +C

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so this should not be surprising

manic ocean
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that's not the issue

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in previous examples we could set x = 0 and solve for C for the power series

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in this one we cannot

atomic hare
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show the previous examples

manic ocean
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ln(1-x)

atomic hare
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but that's not an indefinite integral

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ln(1 - x)

manic ocean
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??? there's no bounds on the integral

atomic hare
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uh yeah but the thing you are evaluating with a power series isnt

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so we have the initial condition

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c is 0

manic ocean
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so the fact that im trying to evaluate a power series representation of a function vs an integral of a function determines whether or not I ave an initial condition?

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because 1/(1+0) = 1

atomic hare
manic ocean
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so I have to solve for C because the initial function doesn't have a C (it has to match), wheresas with the indefinite integral, I can't solve for C because it's an integral

atomic hare
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an intial condition would be like f(1) = 3 so now you have a point to anchor the integral to

manic ocean
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right, I get that. I just guess the fact that we had to solve for C for when the initial function is not an integral is throwing me off for when the initial function is an integral

atomic hare
manic ocean
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@atomic hare I appreciate your help ^-^

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crystal cloud
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Hello! I’m struggling with understand where my error of understanding is in this problem. I have my notes included in the following two images and the question is the first image.

I will be sitting in the chat ready to quickly reply as to not waste your time!

tepid walrus
crystal cloud
tepid walrus
# crystal cloud I thought a depression means to go downwards innit?

Indeed. In your diagram, we'll say that the top of the lighthouse is located at the highest vertex of the triangle. If there's an individual looking down towards the ship, then we'd get the angle of depression (ϴ), as ϴ is the angle formed from the horizontal line of sight and the diagonal distance from the ship to this person.

crystal cloud
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Okay Im with you so far Notes

tepid walrus
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Therefore, it doesn't make much sense that you've assigned ϴ to the angle which is not between the line of sight and this distance. For starters, you've 'ought to draw this line of sight, as it is independent from the triangle itself.

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In total, you should have 4 lines for your diagram, so you are already quite close.

crystal cloud
tepid walrus
crystal cloud
tepid walrus
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Close, but not quite. It implies that the distance between a and another vertex in the triangle is 179-ft. A single point cannot have a distance. I'll provide you with an example to help.

tepid walrus
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Here's a problem, admittedly, very similar to the one which you're grappling with. Does it make sense if I tell you that the height of the building is AB = 50, and not A = 50?

crystal cloud
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Yes it definately does

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Distance of the two points doesnt = length of side

tepid walrus
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Awesome. And you see that horizontal line extending from the man's head? We call that the horizontal line of sight. When a person looks down to observe something (i.e., point c in the photo), we form an angle from this straight line, and we call it the angle of depression.

tepid walrus
crystal cloud
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Even the image makes sense

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Am I interpreting correctly?

tepid walrus
tepid walrus
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Take note about something interesting about the base of the triangle and this horizontal line of sight: they are both parallel to one another. Do you know what that must mean for one of the angles in your triangle?

crystal cloud
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So then I’m assuming these labels would be fine too?

tepid walrus
crystal cloud
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The light has been lit in my brain from the light house problem

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LOL

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So the angle of depression made a 90 degree angle

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No

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My eyes see it but my mind is organizing it still

tepid walrus
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We're close...remember, only perpendicular lines create 90 degree angles. When a transversal crosses through two, parallel lines so that we have interior angles formed on alternating sides, what can we say about those two angles?

crystal cloud
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Since we have an angle depresison of 25 degees and that is where the boat is located we are trying to figure out how far the boat is from teh base of the lighthouse

Which allows us to draw a line from the boat to the base

The 25 depression comes from the point that is at the top of the light house which is 175ft high
This depression can only exist from the horizontal line of vison since the boat [obviously] isnt in front of us but its our reference point [ a straight line]

We sorta just made a rectangle

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Which gives us a 90 degree angle which means that we should be doing trig from the 90 degree angle we made right?
Can we attribute the height of this "vision triangle" to 175ft high?

tepid walrus
tepid walrus
crystal cloud
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Updated professional drawing for confirmation of understanding

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Oh wait

tepid walrus
# crystal cloud Updated professional drawing for confirmation of understanding

Much obliged. And the given illustration is very much correct—you can absolutely use that second triangle formed on the right-hand side, but if you'd like to take the conventional (and faster) approach, I would recommend proving that one of the angles in the triangle on the left-hand side is equal to the angle of depression.

crystal cloud
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the angles of a triangle add up to 180 innit?

tepid walrus
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Yes.

crystal cloud
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Jesus christ help me man... Im sorry

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😭

carmine plinth
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hi

tepid walrus
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No worries. Are you familiar with theorems involving parallel lines?

carmine plinth
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just a question

crystal cloud
carmine plinth
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isint it 179 feet?

crystal cloud
carmine plinth
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good

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thats all if yall need help just ping

crystal cloud
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Now I am here 😭

crystal cloud
carmine plinth
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just another suggestion why dont u name the corners of the triangles

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its good practice and makes it ease to understnad

tepid walrus
tepid walrus
crystal cloud
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OH

tepid walrus
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Check this out. This is the alternate interior angles theorem. Did it click for you?

crystal cloud
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Now I understand what oyu meant when you said I attributed theta from the wrong angle

The angle was supposed to come from the direction of the ship innit?

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But I had to use those rules to do so?

tepid walrus
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Wait, no. Hold on. Wrong picture. 🤣

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There we go.

tepid walrus
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Using the theorems of parallel lines allows you the reach the conclusion of which angle is equal to the angle of depression! It's quite fascinating, like detective work.

vivid marsh
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@crystal cloud ,what website are you using for this type of questions

carmine plinth
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btw polinski he can just use the 65 right why r u teaching him this

tepid walrus
crystal cloud
carmine plinth
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not really 25+x=90 and x=65 right?

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cuz right angle n stuff

tepid walrus
crystal cloud
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Am I understand worse or better friends?

tepid walrus
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The triangles are obviously similar, but it is not wise to assume anything in mathematics. Teaching how to prove similarity (or in this case, congruency) in triangles is vital and not something to gloss over.

tepid walrus
crystal cloud
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TRUE LOL

carmine plinth
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LOL

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ye

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thats right

carmine plinth
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lmao

crystal cloud
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Engineering major struggling with Trig

carmine plinth
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BRO SAME

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IM DOING CS

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😭

crystal cloud
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Clearly I have computational power

Just the understanding of the concepts kill me

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But I can understand Torque vectoring and statics conceptually completely fine

tepid walrus
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Cool! I'm in Engineering too. Don't worry, if you can understand the higher-level mathematics, it should only be simple review for you going backwards.

crystal cloud
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Am I cooked?

carmine plinth
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which year are yall in?

crystal cloud
carmine plinth
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whats hs?

carmine plinth
tepid walrus
carmine plinth
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ur handwritting is cooked

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just like me fr fr

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mine is somehow worse i think

crystal cloud
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Shh Im writing fast bruv

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Wait guys... I feel a bit stupid...

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I have some huge gaps in my brain

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Im just realizing this

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HOW tf do I isolate that

tepid walrus
crystal cloud
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With the help of amazing friends I have learned new things.

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If I’m finding the distance of the SHIP to the base of the triangle I need the angle that comes from the ship to even attempt to find the measurement I’m looking for.

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Then everything else is simply understand angle relationships

tepid walrus
crystal cloud
tepid walrus
crystal cloud
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Thanks guys! everyone getting FQs now shoutouts to my engineering majors

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Imma start helping people in here w problems too so I can start getting more reps

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Because MAN its needed.

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timid flint
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Can someone explain how lagrangrs therum is usdd

onyx stream
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lagrange's theorem tells you x^(mp^n) = e

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so x^sm raised to the power of p^n is e, which means x^sm is in H

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similarly, x^tp^n is in K

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hallow oxide
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eager jackal
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,rotate

glossy valveBOT
eager jackal
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@hallow oxide is there anything you've tried? what do you need help with specifically?

hallow oxide
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not able to find out the answer

eager jackal
# hallow oxide Question 12

I figured, but is there any step/sub problem you're stuck with or you can't do anything out of the three problems

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(a,b,c)

hallow oxide
eager jackal
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ah

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alright, so beginning with the first one
since the we're working with a box, the faces of the box are rectangles right?

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and we know the length of the diagonal of the bottom face, and one of it's sides

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so we can figure out the other side by using the pythagorean theorem since if we divide a rectangle using it's diagonal, we get two right angled triangles

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Now using this you can figure out the "length of the other edge"

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and we know that length is also it's height

hallow oxide
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yes

eager jackal
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then you can just solve for volume using length into base into height resulting in the volume

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after getting this, you can differentiate wrt x and solve for max volume

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hope that's clear

hallow oxide
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yes

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I get it now

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luv and appreciate @eager jackal

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stuck fiber
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stuck fiber
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Thought I knew how to do this and I got some nice numbers but apparently its wrong 😔

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A is obviously (0, 3)

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The vertex is -(-4)/(2)(1) which is x = 2

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subbing in x = 2 into the parabola gives -1

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So T is (2, -1)

onyx glen
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so far so good

stuck fiber
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Then we can see that the x value of T is in between A and B so B must have an x value of 4

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So B is (4, 3)

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So A is (0, 3), B is (4, 3) and T is (2, -1)

void nova
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All good yeah

stuck fiber
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I then want to calculate the slope of the blue line, because it would give us the inverse slope of the red line

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(-1-3)/(2-0) = slope m

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so the slope is -2

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Which gives us the slope of the red line 1/2

void nova
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I believe you're overcomplicating it

stuck fiber
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Ok but 1 moment I will just finish showing what I did

void nova
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Just recall the general equation of a circumference, i.e. x²+y²+ax+by+c=0

stuck fiber
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Then to get the equation of the red line we sub in the point B (4, 3)

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3 = (4)(1/2) + c

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c = 1

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So the equation of the red line is y = x/2 + 1

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Then we do the same for the other side, but we already know the slope of the red line is -1/2

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So subbing in A (0, 3) into the equation of the line we get 3 = (0)(-1/2) + c

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giving us the equation y = -x/2 + 3

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Then we take the 2 equations of the 2 lines we got, y = -x/2 + 3 and y = x/2 + 1 and set them equal

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-x/2 + 3 = x/2 + 1

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so x = 2

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Then subbing x = 2 into y = x/2 + 1 gives us 2 again

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So our midpoint should be (2, 2)

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Then for the radius its just the distance formula from A (0,3)

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sqrt((2 - 3)^2 + (2 - 0)^2)

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sqrt(1 + 4)

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= sqrt(5)

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So our final equation should be

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(x - 2)^2 + (y - 2)^2 = 5

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But they wanted something else...

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Which step went wrong?

void nova
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I'm not sure which method it is the one you used, honestly

stuck fiber
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Just found the intersection of the 2 red lines in the 2 images

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That should be our midpoint right?

void nova
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Yes, but I don't think it's guaranteed to be the center of the circle

stuck fiber
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I dont need the 3rd line, right?

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Although maybe it was the easiest lol

stuck fiber
void nova
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If it was the center of the circle, it's distance between A and T would be the same, which in this case doesn't look like, right?

stuck fiber
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It was very rough, but yeah I guess youre right

void nova
stuck fiber
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Ahh no worries

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Best of luck with it!

stuck fiber
void nova
void nova
stuck fiber
stuck fiber
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honest roost
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Hi guys im having trouble with some trigonometric expressions. I tried asking chatgpt and deepseek but they use rsin and similar which i havent done. Ill send pics of what i have done and what example i have to do. As you can see i was trying to find a common denominator to have below the line but im not sure how to proceed or if thats even the correct way

honest roost
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Im sorry for putting this in a already occupied chat didnt see it

waxen cliff
covert heath
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what do you have to do

sturdy valve
honest roost
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Oof sorry

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1/sin10°-sqrt(3)/cos10°=4

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Also i cannot just use numerical forms of sine and cosine

sturdy valve
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then i think you'll have to multiply and divide by root (a^2+b^2)

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i hope u know this?

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@honest roost Has your question been resolved?

torn jolt
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@cursive trout r u learning matrices

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?

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Im an icse student too

honest roost
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Uh i kind of did it but im not sure its the right way.

honest roost
cursive trout
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nice to meet ya broo

cursive trout
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i nearly completed the entire syllabus of maths

honest roost
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torn jolt
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did u complete circles,quadratic equation n stat?

torn jolt
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cursive torrent
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I need help, ill claim this channel so I can write out my question without the channel dissapearing again

cursive trout
cursive trout
cursive torrent
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I need help with this game dev math, I am using image projection to map my pixel art onto objects which will later be used for shading and simple lighting. now i want to render the scene pixel perfect so i have my reference reoslution and all thats left to do is snap the camera movment to a set increment. Example for the x axis since that was easy as the x axis doesnt get stretched while projecting. i know that the x axis contains 32pixels/m so i know i need to move the camera in game in 1/32m increments. My question is how i would go about calculating the increment for the Z axis since thos pixels are distorted by the ortographic projection

cursive trout
cursive torrent
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Im trying to get the pixelated textures on the objects to perfectly allign with the low resolution camera

cursive torrent
cursive trout
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so, the probelm on Z axis

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because their screen-space or whateevr it is called, it gets compressed

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in orthographic projection

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is that

torn jolt
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nerd

cursive trout
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objects far away appear smaller

cursive trout
torn jolt
cursive trout
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i've completed dark souls 1,2,3

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black myth wukong

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the last of us

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1

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All The GTAs

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Play minecraft with friends daily

torn jolt
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U completed half of concise 😭

cursive trout
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Manhunt 1,2

torn jolt
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damn

cursive trout
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well, its better to DM

torn jolt
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I only completed 2

cursive trout
torn jolt
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matrices n banking

torn jolt
cursive trout
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@cursive torrent okay i was just distracted

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so the basic solution u can do is

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find scale factor for the Z axis

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scale factor is how much the pixels will be compressed due to this distance

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General formula - (u may know it)

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1/(Z of object - Z of camera)

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then, find the pixel increment

cursive torrent
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i have never heard of that formula

cursive trout
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nvm

cursive torrent
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well it might work but i don't understand what it does

cursive trout
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If you know that the camera moves in 1/32 meter increments on the X-axis

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the same kind of idea can apply to the Z-axis, but we have to adjust for the scale factor due to the projection

cursive torrent
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could the issue be that the pixels along the y axis are less stretched than those on the z axis ?

cursive trout
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i guess this happens because Y-axis projection is typically not influenced by the camera's Z position in terms of scaling

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Z-axis projection does influence how pixels are mapped onto the object’s surface

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To fix this

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uhh

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You can keep Y-axis resolution consistent

cursive torrent
cursive trout
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or Scale the Z-axis separately

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or do pixel perfect calculation for Z-axis

cursive torrent
cursive trout
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you can fix the pixel stretching by using a perspective projection instead of an orthographic projection

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but listen up,

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perspective projection

cursive torrent
cursive trout
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causes distortion of textures

cursive torrent
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._.

cursive trout
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okay so

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lets do it step by step thenn

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firstly check that the camera moves in fixed increments on z axis

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use the formula

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1/z of object - z of camera for the scale factor

cursive torrent
cursive trout
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z axis

cursive torrent
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you mean z coordinate ?

cursive trout
cursive torrent
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and what do you mean with scale factor ?

cursive trout
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in this context

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The scale factor describes how much the pixel resolution of the object will change due to its distance from the camera

cursive torrent
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its orthographic man, the distance doesn't matter at all

cursive trout
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okay, i really need to understand from core

cursive torrent
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whats important is the increment of the cameras coordinates so the camera alligns with the objects textures

cursive trout
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orthographic projection means no depth scaling

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The camera should move along the Z-axis in increments of 1/32 meters

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to maintain pixel perfect rendering

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you need to snap the camera's Z - position to a grid that corresponds to the pixel resolution of your texture

cursive torrent
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eg the 1px is 1m then youd use an increment of 1 aka the camera can only use whole numbers as its position that way you will never have the pixel art missaligned what would result in weird anti aliasing or stretching of certain pixels

cursive trout
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ohhh

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now i understand ur approach

cursive torrent
cursive trout
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i m confused bro

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let this question be for other, i will see the solution later

cursive torrent
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nah im closing this stupid help thing, instead of working on the problem im just wasting my time hearing other people repeat my problem and trying to explain my problem

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.close

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tacit fossil
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can anyone proove me why the definite integral always gives the area under the curve between two points a and b

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tight mortar
#

original message is in different channel now

narrow ermine
delicate heron
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can I repost my question?

tight mortar
#

ya

narrow ermine
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You need another channel too, you were the original claimant and you deleted your post.

covert heath
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not idea whats going on here but

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.close (Get another channel)

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It's already closed. It'll disappear on its own, as per the automated message above.

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lean sky
#

Can someone help me understand trigonometry? Like it's a little biased and i cant figure out how do i make this ab = bc = ac thingies when i have other triangles. And finding like their distance between each angle.

covert heath
#

it's a little what

lean sky
#

wait did i say it wrong

#

sorry my english

#

i meant not understandable 🤦‍♂️

covert heath
#

i see

lean sky
#

o

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Thank you

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appreciated 🙏

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faint drift
#

One more thing. I am having trouble with another problem in regards to orthogonal trajectories. How do I separate k out of this one?

y = x / 1 + kx

celest tapir
#

is it y = x/(1 + kx)?

#

you could just multiply through I guess

#

y + kyx = x

#

y' + k(y + xy') = 1

#

k = (1 - y')/(y + xy')

#

and sub that back in

faint drift
#

Got it. I felt really dumb not knowing how to get k out of that problem @_@

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Thank you once again.

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celest fulcrum
#

This is from homomorphisms and im a little confused. To clarify, the $\Phi^{-1}$ is not a reverse map as homomorphisms do not need to be bijective right

glossy valveBOT
celest fulcrum
#

as in, there is no bijective map from $H_2$ to the preimmage of $H_2$

glossy valveBOT
timber knoll
#

Yeah, $\phi^{-1}(H_2) = {g \in G_1 : \phi(g) \in H_2}$

glossy valveBOT
celest fulcrum
#

Ok, bet. So there is not nessisarely a bijective map from $H_2 \rightarrow \Phi^{-1} (H_2)$

glossy valveBOT
timber knoll
#

No. If there were, then $\phi$ would be injective in $H_2$.

tribal epoch
#

wha

glossy valveBOT
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torn jolt
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can someone show me the steps of doing this

torn jolt
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keen phoenix
#

hi
multivariable calculus question on inverse function theorem

keen phoenix
#

so my understanding is that

#

we need to find $C^1$ around 0, 0

glossy valveBOT
#

Charky

keen phoenix
#

and to do that we find if the partial derivatives are continouos at 0, 0

#

which i did limit of partial derivatives to 0, 0 = partial derivative at 0, 0

#

but my problem is

#

the inverse function theprem requires C1 around 0, 0

#

which means it has to have cont partial derivatives everywhere around 0, 0

#

am i doing that even tho i am only looking at cont partial derivatives of 0, 0?

#

also forgot to mention i found the determinant of jacobian not equal to 0 but i am confused about the C1 part mostly

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@keen phoenix Has your question been resolved?

keen phoenix
#

<@&286206848099549185>

onyx stream
#

however note that it only really matters on the line x=0

#

since it is obviously continuously differentiable off of the line

keen phoenix
#

so i would show that the 2partial derivatives for only F_1 not all 4 at (0, y) are continouos? aka limit to (0, y) = partial derivative at this point (0, y)? and then it will be sufficient

onyx stream
#

yes, but i am now realizing this should look basically the same as the statement for continuity at (0,0)

#

so really there is not much to show

keen phoenix
#

but i would still do it twice right

#

one for (0, 0) and one for (0, y)

#

wait

onyx stream
#

well (0,0) is already of the form (0,y)

keen phoenix
#

(0, y) includes (0, ))

#

yeah oops

onyx stream
#

so you can just generalize your argument

keen phoenix
#

right

onyx stream
#

since y=0 is not special like x=0 is

keen phoenix
#

yep

#

thanks so much dude

onyx stream
#

np

keen phoenix
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keen phoenix
#

new problem i guess

#

what does local inverse mean exactly

#

i understand local inverse is different to global inverse, cuz local inverse everywhere does not mean global inverse

#

but what does the inverse function theorem tell us

#

consider $f(x) = x^3$

glossy valveBOT
#

Charky

keen phoenix
#

the derivative is 3x^2, which is 0 at x = 0

#

but then inverse function theorem says no local inverse

#

but there is a global inverse cube root x

wide sundial
#

there are open sets U containing a and V containing f(a) and a function g:V -> U such that...

keen phoenix
#

ye but why is it different to global inverse

wide sundial
#

look at x^2

keen phoenix
wide sundial
#

it doesn't have a global inverse

keen phoenix
#

yeah

#

local inverse everywhere but x = 0

wide sundial
#

but around every point you can find a local inverse (except at the vertex)

keen phoenix
#

but then x^3 does not have a local inverse at x = 0

keen phoenix
#

wouldnt either inverse defintion like sqrt(x) be ok there

wide sundial
#

because no matter how small you pick your neighbourhood around x = 0

#

you always go up on both sides

#

aka not surjective

keen phoenix
#

ohh

#

yeah

wide sundial
#

aka not bijective

keen phoenix
#

what about x^3

#

it goes up and down

wide sundial
#

aka the jacobian is not invertible

keen phoenix
#

at x = 0

#

3x^2 = 0 tho

onyx stream
wide sundial
#

its jacobian doesn't exist at x = 0

keen phoenix
wide sundial
#

for x^2 the jacobian is 0 aka singular aka not invertible

keen phoenix
#

its a totally normal point

#

the jacobian exists at x^3 x = 0

#

i think

wide sundial
#

well it's not differentiable at x^3

keen phoenix
#

why

#

x^3 is differentiable everywhere

wide sundial
#

oh wait

keen phoenix
#

yet no local inverse at x =0

onyx stream
keen phoenix
#

doesnt make sense

wide sundial
#

i got confused

keen phoenix
onyx stream
#

yeah

keen phoenix
#

bruh

#

troll theurem

#

okay thanks

onyx stream
#

like, this is just an edge case

#

i think

keen phoenix
#

.close

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mint jackal
#

Hi I'm in step (d) any idea? Brain hurt. Thank you 🙂

mint jackal
#

hi?

#

I am stuck on (d). brain hurt. Thank ou 🙂

#
Suppose $d_n$ is the number of $n$-digit numbers that don't contain the digit ' 3 ' twice in a row.\\
(a) Compute $d_1, d_2$, and $d_3$ by explicitly counting the sequences described (you don't have to list them, but you should have a counting argument).
\\\\
(b) Use a counting argument to show that $d_n=9\left(d_{n-1}+d_{n-2}\right)$ when $n \geq 3$.
\\\\
(c) Use the recurrence from (b) to find values for $d_4, d_5$, and $d_6$.
\\\\
(d) Use the initial conditions and recurrence you found in (a) and (b) to find the generating function \\$D(x)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} d_n x^n$ as a rational function in $x$.
\\\\
(f) What is your closed formula for $d_n$ ? Compare the values given by your formula to the ones found earlier.
\\\\
HINT: you during the partial fraction step, you will need to use partial fraction long divison.
\\\\
For reference:\\
$d_0 = 1, d_1 = 9, d_2 = 89, d_3 = 882, d_4 = 8739, \\d_5 = 857,952$
languid junco
# mint jackal Hi I'm in step (d) any idea? Brain hurt. Thank you 🙂

$d_n - 9d_{n-1} - 9d_{n-2} = 0$, so suppose $d_n = k^n$ for some real number $k$. then you end up with the quadratic

$k^2 - 9k - 9 = 0$

solve for $k$, and then $d_n$ is a linear combination of the two solutions you get, i.e.

$d_n = ak_1^n + bk_2^n$

solve for $a$ and $b$ using your initial conditions, then use geometric series to solve for $D(x)$

glossy valveBOT
mint jackal
#

my brain, sorry actually i pasted it not there. theres an (e) part thats the one I need help with! sorry!

for (D) i got

$D(x) = \dfrac{-x^2 + 1}{1-9x-9x^2}$ <- I checke it with wolfram and it looks good

now, (e) says the following:

(e) Use partial fractions to take D(x) apart into simpler pieces, and find a series representation of D(x).

glossy valveBOT
mint jackal
#

than u for the help!

#

ugly ugly T T

languid junco
#

take out a -9 from the denominator, so you'll have

$\frac{x^2-1}{9(x^2+x-1/9)}$.

then solve for the roots of $x^2+x-1/9 = 0$ and rewrite it as $(x-r)(x-s)$, where $r, s$ are your roots. then you can do partial fractions. that's not the way they suggest but it's probably easier...

glossy valveBOT
mint jackal
#

ill try that! thnku

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little plover
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little plover
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i might need help with the last two

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torn jolt
#

Differentiation

what did i do wrong help

torn jolt
#

final answer

slate violet
glossy valveBOT
torn jolt
#

wait

slate violet
#

yeah you didn't divide everything by sqrt(2x^2 + 3)^2 = (2x^2 + 3)

torn jolt
#

can u show me where it is i cant tell

slate violet
torn jolt
#

which step

#

😭

slate violet
#

also where's your denominator???

#

the v^2 = sqrt(2x^2 + 3)^2

torn jolt
slate violet
#

yeah then you need brackets around the entire thing

torn jolt
#

ohh

slate violet
#

okay let me fix it on your diagram

torn jolt
#

otherwise it would only

fathom saddle
#

Denominator should be squared

torn jolt
#

multiply with one term

torn jolt
#

i get it

fathom saddle
#

That's the only mistake

slate violet
fathom saddle
#

Not using brackets is a poor choice, but you didn't let it affect your answer

torn jolt
#

it should look like this right

torn jolt
slate violet
torn jolt
#

damn calculus

slate violet
#

like if you've been accidentally marked wrong, this is probably why

fathom saddle
#

Yes I would personally mark against that

slate violet
#

yeah so if you divide by sqrt(2x^2 + 3) and not (2x^2 + 3)

#

you end up needing to divide by an extra sqrt(2x^2 + 3)

fathom saddle
#

Still, well done, this is a complicated derivative

slate violet
#

the denominator would be $(2x^2 + 3)^1 \cdot (2x^2 + 3)^{1/2}$ and hence

glossy valveBOT
slate violet
#

that's how you can fix your work

#

$\frac{y'}{y} = \frac{2}{x} - \frac{1}{2} \frac{4x}{2x^2 + 3}$ go brrr

glossy valveBOT
slate violet
#

logarithmic differentiation

torn jolt
#

uh how do i multiply

#

oh do i just

#

make it in exponent form

slate violet
torn jolt
#

so 1/2+1

#

3/2

#

ohhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh

#

thank

#

you

#

so much

slate violet
#

no worries!

torn jolt
#

both of u

#

tehee

#

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tight mortar
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analog raptor
#

limit of a sum = integral?

onyx glen
#

$a_n = \sum_{k=0}^{n-1} \frac{1}{\sqrt{n^2-k^2}}$

glossy valveBOT
tight mortar
#

we take $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}$

glossy valveBOT
#

blahaquil

tight mortar
#

i got up to there but i dont know how to proceed

#

is there some trigonometric substitution?

gritty flax
#

Smells riemann sum

#

Factor by n² inside the sqrt

#

Take it out

#

And then you will have the 1/n waited

#

Now idenitfy the a,b of the riemann sum

onyx glen
analog raptor
#

trig sub seems the way to go

#

it simplifies into a standard integral i think

tight mortar
#

like just as a riemann sum?

analog raptor
#

do you know the limit definition of an integral?

#

yeah

tight mortar
#

ohk

analog raptor
#

$\int_{a}^{b} f(x) \mathrm{d}x = \lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{i=0}^{n} f(x_{i}) \delta x$

glossy valveBOT
#

math X meth ✓

analog raptor
#

the other delta

#

same hting

tight mortar
#

hmm

analog raptor
#

factor out a 1/n from the inside of the sum

#

that way you can get delta x

#

and identify x_k

onyx glen
#

<@&268886789983436800> scam

analog raptor
#

why cant i ping mods

#

<@&268886789983436800>

#

there

tight mortar
#

so like \begin{align*}
a_n &= \sum_{k=0}^{n-1} \frac{1}{\sqrt{n^2-k^2}}\
&=\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\overbrace{\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\left(\frac{k}{n}\right)^2}}}^{f(x_i)}\frac{1}{n}\
\end{align*}

analog raptor
#

bruh

tight mortar
#

i canNOT do latex

glossy valveBOT
#

blahaquil

analog raptor
#

yes

tight mortar
#

man i really need to review my foundations

analog raptor
#

,tex $\text{so, } x_{k} = a + i \Delta x

\Delta x = \frac{b-a}{n}

\text{ from here you can try and guess values of a and b, and then simplify}
$

glossy valveBOT
#

math X meth ✓
Compile Error! Click the errors reaction for more information.
(You may edit your message to recompile.)

analog raptor
#

what did i type incorrectly

tight mortar
#

something with the $$

analog raptor
#

oh well

tight mortar
#

$\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\overbrace{\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\left(\frac{k}{n}\right)^2}}}^{f(x_i)}\frac{1}{n}=\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x_k^2}}\Delta x\text{ where $a$ and $b$ are probably let's say like 0 and 1? we know }b=a+1\text{ i guess?}$

glossy valveBOT
#

blahaquil

tight mortar
#

im definitely getting something wrong here i think

analog raptor
#

yeah, so

#

x_k = k/n

#

not squared

#

we know that delta x = 1/n, and so this looks like the form k delta x

#

only thing missing is a lower bound a

#

however, this looks like 0 + k delta x, so you can set a = 0

#

pretty standard from there

tight mortar
#

so its $\int_0^1 \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}} dx$? and then just trig sub blah blah blah?

glossy valveBOT
#

blahaquil

analog raptor
#

yep

tight mortar
#

okk

#

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stuck loom
#

Consider a > b.
By Euclid's lemma of division, a = bx + r for some integers x and r where 0 <= r < b.

Divide the L.H.S and the R.H.S by b, and we get:

(a/b) = x + r/b

Lemma (Forget the variables mentioned here, they are just for the sake of this lemma): If (b,c) = d, then (ac+b, c) = d
That is, if we have a + b/c where b/c is reducible by d, combing the terms to form a single fraction (ac + b)/c, we have that (ac + b)/c reducible by d.

Proof: Let (b,c) = d.
K = a + b/c = a + dk/dl where b = dk and c = dl. So (l,k) = 1
K = a + dk/dl = (adl + dk)/(dl)
We need to prove that (adl + dk, dl) = d
K = (adl + dk)/(dl) = ((adl + dk)/d)/(dl/d) = (al + k)/l
We basically need to prove that (al + k, l) = 1
Let (al + k, l) = d_0
d_0 divides l and (al + k). So d_0 divides k.
So d_0 is a common factor of k and l. The only common factor of k and l is 1. So d_0 = 1
Since d_0 = (al + k, l) = 1, (al + k)/l is irreducible.
(al+k)d/l(d) is reducible by only d, because after reducing it by d, we can't reduce it further. So (ald + dk)/(dl) is reducible only by d.
So (ald+ dk, dl) = d
Putting c = dl and b = dk, we get:
(ac + b, c) = d

So we have proven that if (b,c) = d, then (ac + b, c) = d
Exeunt.

Coming back to our original equation, we had:
a/b = x + r/b
Consider x + r/b.
Let (b, r) = d
By our lemma (bx + r, b) = d
Since a = bx + r, we have (a, b) = d = (b, r)

If a > b, then we can write a = bx + r
We have proved that (a, b) = (b, r).

Q. Is this a correct proof of Euclid's division algorithm?

onyx glen
#

Exeunt.
who are the people exiting?

#

other than that, yes, it looks sound.

#

wordy, but there are no "jumps out at me"-level errors.

#

@stuck loom

rain merlin
#

looks correct

stuck loom
#

Thanks y'all.

stuck loom
#

I should keep a Mathematics diary for all of this s*it.

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onyx glen
#

so far so good

#

you know log_2(10) = 1/a

woeful thunder
#

thats incorrect

#

log_2(50) = log_2(10) + log_2(5)

full forumBOT
#

@cold nebula Has your question been resolved?

woeful thunder
#

log(50) = log(5)+log(10)

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base 10

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now try to write log(5) in terms of a again

#

yeah thats it

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yeah ig

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better to make a new one

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shrewd mango
#

help with 2d vector 2d transformation and boolean algebra

covert heath
#

thats the least specific thing ever

celest tapir
#

this isn't a search engine

covert heath
#

or gpt

shrewd mango
#

well i was hoping someone could explain these in detail so i could ask more follow up question. but obv thats doesnt seem like something you do

queen pond
#

still not clear on what you want explained, ur original message is very unspecific

shrewd mango
#

sorry, its currently within computer archetecture, learning about things above. within the 2d transformation i need to Produce an Excel spreadsheet demonstrating the implementation of 2D transformations (translation, rotation, reflection in axes, scaling and shear) applied to a 2D vehicle of your choice. however im not looking for an answer, im more looking for someone to help explain how to achieve the answer

queen pond
#

google it.

shrewd mango
#

i already have, but i find easier to do it through virbal communication where i can ask plenty of specific follow up questions. its how i work.

#

i mean if u cant i get it.

#

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silver ruin
#

if a point divides a line segment in a negative ratio why does it mean that it divides the line that ratio externally?

covert heath
#

what?

alpine pecan
#

yeah, it means that tht point lies on tht extension of the line formed by the other two pts

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#

@silver ruin Has your question been resolved?

crude kayak
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@silver ruin Has your question been resolved?

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undone wave
#

Hello

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undone wave
#

Is there a way to make an unknown irrational number a rational one via some operation? For example by multiplication, exponentiation or something else?

hot herald
#

without changing the value of the irrational number, no

undone wave
#

Of course it should change, it can be any other value, as long as it is smaller

minor crater
full forumBOT
#

Please show the original problem, exactly as it was stated to you, with the entire original context. A picture or screenshot is best. If the original problem is not in English, then post it anyway! The additional context might still be helpful. Do your best to provide a translation.

hot herald
#

multiply by 0

undone wave
#

Ok, my bad for not restricting the condition initially as best as I could

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The new number should be between 0 and the irrational number

minor crater
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cuz "make a number rational" is super vague tbh

hot herald
#

what's the original task that requires you to do such a thing

lean cloak
#

simply use the axiom of choice and decide what you want it to be

undone wave
#

I am trying to prove that right limit of f(x) does not exist around 0

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and f(x) is 1 if x is irrational, and 0 if x is rational

hot herald
#

what's f(x) here

minor crater
#

are you doing an epsilon-delta proof?

lean cloak
#

Hint: in any neighbourhood, there are infinitely many irrationals

minor crater
#

(and rationals)

lean cloak
#

I figured that one didn't need to be explicitly said but yes that too

undone wave
#

Well I handled the case when epsilon is rational

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as I multiply it by sqrt(2)/2 to make it irrational

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but if epsilon is irrational, I am not sure how to proceed

spark wren
#

the limit does not exist i guess

minor crater
lean cloak
#

You don't need to try different cases of epsilon

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Remember the defintion: for ALL epsilon greater than 0, there exists a delta....

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If you can prove that there is just one epislon that does not have a corresponding delta, you have proven the limit does not exist

spark wren
lean cloak
#

So if you've already handled the case where epsilon is rational, you're done

spark wren
#

you can do the inverse

minor crater
spark wren
#

if for all Epsilon there exists delta

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the reverse if for one Epsilon then all delta does not work

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so delta is the rational

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we need to make Epsilon a function of delta

lean cloak
#

I don't fully understand what you're saying, but it's definitely not correct in this case

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You don't need to make epsilon anything, that is the point. Epsilon can be arbitrary and you just have to show there is no such delta that satisfies the definition

spark wren
#

it's 1 at rational and 0 if irrational

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or reversed

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so what is our value

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perhaps 0

undone wave
# minor crater can you show your work so far?

I have that if epsilon is rational, then I get 2 numbers, f(epsilon/2) = 0, f(epsilon * sqrt(2) / 2) = 1. Then there is no epsilon-band that satisfies both values. And I decided to prove that case where epsilono is not rational

spark wren
lean cloak
#

Try letting $\epsilon = x$, where $x$ is a small number that's easy to work with, like 1/4, and see where you go from there

glossy valveBOT
#

Oliver

lean cloak
#

By the definition, your next line should then be $|f(x)-L| < 1/4$. Then try bounding L according to the conditions of the indicator function

glossy valveBOT
#

Oliver

lean cloak
#

You should get something like for rational values of $x$, $L$ has to be in interval $(a,b)$ and for irratioanl values of $x$, $L$ has to be in the interval $(c,d)$ where $(a,b) \cup (c,d) = \varnothing$

glossy valveBOT
#

Oliver

lean cloak
#

In other words, you should get two boundaries that have no overlap. Thus $L$ cannot exist

glossy valveBOT
#

Oliver

spark wren
#

use a real numbers

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what value of x are we approaching

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I say zero lol

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cause its easy

undone wave
#

Honestly I am not sure how a proper proof would look like from these answers

spark wren
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I have terrible hand rn

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I put an extra there exists

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god damn it

lean cloak
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The limit is 0 from the right, but you shouldn't be doing questions for people anyway

spark wren
#

I have a picture of what I mean lol

steel solar
lean cloak
#

Idk what the compile error is that looks perfect to me 🤷‍♂️

steel solar
#

“Epislon”

lean cloak
#

OHHH

glossy valveBOT
#

Oliver

steel solar
#

So it reads it correctly by default

lean cloak
#

well now i feel like an fool 😔

steel solar
#

There are...worse errors.

spark wren
#

I hate using mobile for latex

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LaTeX

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whatever

undone wave
#

So thank you very much for your help

#

but I think now I am curious if there is a way to generate a random rational number between 0 and some random irrational number?

spark wren
#

you can pick x

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to be from either set

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so x is rational

undone wave
#

Is that the same thing Oliver mentioned earlier? Using the axiom of choice over the set of real numbers between 0 and n (n being that irrational number)?

spark wren
#

yeah

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are you playing with that axiom

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you don't have to

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the axiom of choice is from what I understand is if you pick a whole bunch of sets one element from them you have a new set

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that you can make a unique set from choices

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but we just have two subsets of the real numbers irrational and rational

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and if x is part of one set or the other set and if they can't fit that's a problem

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#

@undone wave Has your question been resolved?

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gaunt falcon
#

Suppose that the acceleration of a particle is a function of x, given by the following expression:
$a = 2s^{-2}x$
Knowing that its speed is 0 when x = 1m, find the speed of the particle when x = 3m

glossy valveBOT
#

ransik (gmdn)

gaunt falcon
#

(s is just the unit for seconds)

#

so we know:

#

$v = \frac{dx}{dt}$ and $a=\frac{dv}{dt}$

glossy valveBOT
#

ransik (gmdn)

gaunt falcon
#

actually

#

might be relatively simple

#

$a=\frac{dv}{dt}$

glossy valveBOT
#

ransik (gmdn)

gaunt falcon
#

$a=\frac{dv}{dt} \frac{dx}{dx}$

glossy valveBOT
#

ransik (gmdn)

gaunt falcon
#

$a=v \frac{dv}{dx}$

glossy valveBOT
#

ransik (gmdn)

gaunt falcon
#

is is just a unit

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seconds

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not a variable

torn jolt
#

Oh

gaunt falcon
#

our variables are a and x

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a acceleration x position

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and, well, v for velocity

torn jolt
#

wheres the m then

gaunt falcon
#

m will come from us solving for x through integration

torn jolt
#

oh

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idk

gaunt falcon
#

that's a's unit

severe igloo
gaunt falcon
severe igloo
gaunt falcon
#

cool

#

alright thanks for the help yall

#

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waxen canyon
#

i only understand what orthonormal basis is, i have no idea what the soltuion is

umbral dome
#

which part is confusing you?

waxen canyon
umbral dome
#

w = k

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for b they just compute all of the dot products

waxen canyon
umbral dome
#

yes

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i,j,k are the unit vectors in the x, y, and z directions respectively

waxen canyon
#

what exactly does b) prove

umbral dome
#

although the method is specific to that particular basis (since it was computed directly)

#

that formula applies to all orthonormal bases

#

basically it means that you can write r as having components in the u, v, and w directions (the same way we normally write it as having components in the x, y, and z directions)

#

and that those components are just the dot product with that particular basis vector

umbral dome
#

dot product of r and each basis vector, yes

waxen canyon
umbral dome
#

,align \vb r &= x \vb i + y \vb j + z \vb k \
&= (\vb r \cdot \vb i)\vb i + (\vb r \cdot \vb j)\vb j + (\vb r \cdot \vb k)\vb k \
&= (\vb r \cdot \vb u)\vb u + (\vb r \cdot \vb v)\vb v + (\vb r \cdot \vb w)\vb w

glossy valveBOT
umbral dome
#

so we can break up r into components, either traditionally in the x, y, and z-directions, or into the new directions represented by u, v, w

rapid rain
umbral dome
#

yes, we can imagine there being a u, v, w-axis

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just like there is an x, y, z axis

waxen canyon
#

thanks, makes more sense

#

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clever iris
#

Plsss help idk what mistake I made

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clever iris
#

Or am I correct?

glacial pasture
#

didnt change your limits when you did a substitution

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ah nvm

spiral spindle
#

didnt they just not change the bounds properely

glacial pasture
#

still wrong to write it that way but you do undo it, ill keep looking

spiral spindle
#

all the way at the top

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all they did was swap them

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i could be wrong tho

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havent done this in like 6 months

glacial pasture
#

i think its fine purely because the limits arent functions of variables

spiral spindle
#

yea it is i checked

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its fine

glacial pasture
#

,w integrate cos(2x+y), x from 0 to pi/4, y from pi/4 to pi/2

glacial pasture
#

cos(pi)=-1
cos(3pi/4)=-root2/2

so its 1/2[1+root2/2]

spiral spindle
glacial pasture
#

think its a small sign issue

glacial pasture
spiral spindle
#

ah gotcha

glacial pasture
#

so dodgy writing yes, result no

glacial pasture
#

theres a lot of minuses flying around in the last evaluation

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but its -(-root2/2) so + rather than their -root2/2

glacial pasture
#

wait

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or not

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one mo

#

oops

#

no its --- so yeah -root2/2

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there is actually no problem

spiral spindle
glacial pasture
#

tis all fine, besides the writing of it making me violently ill

spiral spindle
#

you can use sin(pi/2 +y) = cos(y)

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that could be a problem

glacial pasture
#

theres many problems in there

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oh no ive lost my head

clever iris
#

wait so what did i do wrong?

glacial pasture
#

working on it

#

give my sleep deprived mind a chance to recalibrate

clever iris
#

np

spiral spindle
#

they integrated this wrong

#

the top one

#

it should come out to -cos(pi/2 +y) + cos(y)

#

im like 95% sure atleast

glacial pasture
#

this should be positive

spiral spindle
#

or im just slow

#

😭

glacial pasture
clever iris
#

ahh i see

#

LETS GOOOO

glacial pasture
clever iris
#

Thx alot i got it correct

glacial pasture
#

they do get to that

glacial pasture
#

but please write your maths properly it makes me cry

clever iris
#

how did i write it wrong?

#

lol

glacial pasture
#

when you do a sub, even if you plan to undo it when you evaluate, you should still change the limits to match

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or not write them at all

clever iris
#

ah ur write i was just being lazy

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thx alot tho

#

gn