#help-28
1 messages · Page 205 of 1
(holds for p>0)
ooh shoot its gamma?😭 I didn't recognize that
yes offset by 1
oh technically the gamma function is the analytic continuation of the integral
do you need a proof or just to know the range of p?
the range should be p>-1
Proof😭
Also I went to learn gamma and I wonder why is this equal to 1? @dry arch
i guess because that's required to make each term of the bottom sum look like x^n?
i don't fully understand that
you can show the same thing with integration by parts and induction
i wonder if you can argue that the area under the curve, for p>-1 and x >= 1, is bounded by the area under the curve with ceiling of p
and claim it converges that way
i have to go, hopefully someone else can help
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How do i do this?
What is the condition that makes a square matrix invertible?
yeah
how do i solve it
calculate the determinant of A and simplify. Then set that equal to 0 and solve for x
wait what
which condition are you familiar with then
you must have been given a def for invertability
I havent done this in awhile so I kinda forgot
probably via determinant
A is not invertible <=> det(A) = 0
so as Luca mentioned find x such that det(A) = 0
which is just a linear equation
wait what is det(a)
the determinant of A
interesting
the determinant is a measure of how the matrix stretches or squishes space
if the determinant is 0, space is squished down into a lower dimension
so its impossible to recover the information to invert that transformation
@nova topaz @sacred sparrow do i just use this formula and im chilling?
yeah. And then once you calculate it you will get an expression in terms of x. Then you need to solve for x when the expression equals 0
thanks bosses
yeah but keep in mind that using any old llm such as GPT3.5< is just asking for hallucation answers
im paying for it 😔
kk
its still lowkey dumb tho 
yeah and not among the newest
if you take a current model and feed it with GB or PB of math book data it's more consistent
and also the way Anthropic etc achieve silver/gold medal scores on international math competitions
@sacred sparrow so im doing this question but im getting the wrong answer, do you know what i did wrong
sry gtg but there'll likely come another wanderer to help 🦇
is c=23?
no c=35
@nova topaz wanna take a dabble at this question 🫡
i messed up in a very dumb way 💀
ill take a look 1 sec
i mean chatgpt got 29 so you're as smart as chatgpt 
here you go
chat gpt is always wrong
yeah
are you able to do it without deviding both?
yeah do you want me to?
I dont really get this line
its integration by parts
using this formula right?
yup
@static ore Has your question been resolved?
for this question, why did they put 0.5 on the 3rd one and not the first one?
@open hearth @nova topaz
sorry for ping 😭 the exam in a few hours
im so confused
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i don’t have time to do the whole thing
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bro im not asking you to 😭
like look at this, how did the go from this to what they wrote
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is PQ=Q-P not valid in any affince space ?
@ember summit Has your question been resolved?
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2.3 Painville
The debt of bread
There is a small village lost in the middle of nowhere, named Painville, where the
locals love bread. In fact, not only do they consume it regularly,
but their whole economy is built around bread. Every year, the bailiff of the
bread visits Painville in order to update a report that evaluates how many loaves
belong to every villager. However, if one of them finds himself owing du
bread to the state, the bailiff kidnaps him and forces him to work in a bakery to
pay his debt. Even if not everyone knows each other in the commune, everyone has seen
the psychological damage that such an experience causes, and so the village has vowed to
never have villagers in debt again. You are a renowned mathematician, and they
so they hired you to help them (you get paid with a dozen chopsticks).
Mathematical model
As a good mathematician, it is first of all about modeling the problem. Painville
forms a multigraph G = (V, E) whose vertices V represent the villagers and the
edges E represent the friendship relations (several edges between two villagers
mean that they are very close friends). We will always assume that the graph G is
related.
Each villager automatically has a certain balance of bread: it is whole and can be
positive or negative.
The villagers intend to redistribute the bread so that no villagers will find themselves
with a strictly negative balance. However, the villagers do not do things to
half and think of all their friends. Thus, a villager can choose to redistribute
bread to all his friends by giving them each one of his best baguettes. The
villagers can very well get into debt by such a redistribution (from where the bread comes out in
these cases there, it remains a mystery). In a similar way, a villager can ask
a baguette of bread to each of his friends, at the risk of putting them in debt.
we wanna know whe the problem is solvable
@west plume Has your question been resolved?
@west plume Has your question been resolved?
@west plume Has your question been resolved?
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HELP ME
wdym factor out
like
IS THE ANSWER B
yk how ab + ac = a(b+c)
no
I DONT KNOW MATH
what
damn
is it d
Yes
PMG IM SO STUPID
Just find the value of 3^6 and 3^7 , then add them
At last find the square root of the number you get by adding them
can u help again
Show your work
Are you allowed to use a calculator if not use the method mentioned above by youssef
damn im stupid as fuck
@pulsar bough Has your question been resolved?
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can anyone explain the second part ?
like why he is adding the factors everywhere but not next to the fractions
a good example of what I mean is at the end why not just add (x-4) to the 5/x+4 and make it equal
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How did we simplify ? Is there Any rule applied?
,tex .exp rules
riemann
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I'm struggling with this sos please 😵💫
what's the probability that none one of them have less than 36% fat
Uhh waitt
I don't really remember how you do thatt
I need to start from the start I think 😭
whats the prob that the first packagae doesn't have less than 36% fat
you get 0 packages if you roll 0.99 ten times
let's abbreviate less than 36% fat to lt36f
0.99 yes?
yes
wb prob that first 2 boxes are not lt36f
yes
yes
so what's this
0.99^10 rightt?
yea
so that's prob of 0 packages haveing l36f
now u want prob of exactly 1 package
there are 10 to choose from
this is binomial distribution btw if ur familiar
I'm not sure what it's called in Englishh but I was gonna propose this like
1 over 10 but it's not division it's like
Let me try to find itt
$$\binom{10}{1}?$$
christoffel
this equals 10 btw
Oki
Yesss I'm listening
or second one is l36f etc
ok what's the prob of this
I haven't had this in a while let me think for a secondd 😭
k
u might wanna reason like this
step by step
l36f means that it has less than 36% fat yes?
And the rest 9 have more
yes
could just treat it like an abstract event
hence the abbreviation to not think about the details
but it could be helpful to not do that
I'll tryy
Maybe likeeeee
0.99^9 * 0.01
😭 ❓
No I don't think that makes sense
yes
why not
I don't know I just started doubtingg
k so that's the prob of first l36f and rest not
what's the prob of 2nd l36f and rest not
Like of the first 2 l36f and the other 8 not?
Maybe 0.99^8 * 0.01?
Oh so it's like here?
yea it equals the same thing
I wanted to say that agh
same for 3rd 4th etc
Okayy
so 10 disjoint scenarios all with probability 0.99^9 * 0.01
what's the prob that any of them happen
Nowww we use the binomial distribution?
Oh woww
Soo like this? 😭
Ohh
don't guess, think about the situation
Well if we do (0.99^9 * 0.01)^10 that's the probability that none of them happen rightt?
So we're doing kinda like the opposite of thatt
Or no that's the probability that all of them happen
Uhh
none of them
the opposite would be atleast 1
we r looking for exactly 1
Ohh we haven't accounted for that have we..?
we have
Oh yes yes
Am I going in the right direction here at leastt? 😭
If it's specific okay but rn I'm kinda questioning everything 😭
k i mean
Well maybe
u just gotta think about it then
Oh 😭
I'll go over it again wait
Does it matter a lot that the scenarios are disjoint you're emphasizing it sm 😭
I don't knoww help mee @keen vector
yes a bit
idk how
u gotta ask smth specific
Well this I guesss you can tell me
And we'll go over the answer
k so it's 10 * (0.99)^9 * 0.01
prob of exactly 1 happening
add this to prob of exactly 0 happening
which is (0.99)^10
that's the answer
no
i bet someone's reading these messages rn
welcome
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Calculate the area of a figure bounded by the graphs of functions:
what has one tried?
!show
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
i am bad at this
graphic
i dont understand this
,rccw
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Not really math but physics
I got 3.46 for the answer
Several AI’s also got 3.46
The answer key in brackets says 2.1 tho
Can someone do it and see if they also get 3.46 or 2.1?
did you do any calculations yourself
FN = MG - 205 sin 29
Sin 29 is the Y component
Handle doesn’t mean anything it just a word used so that we know that the force that is applied is on an angle and connected to the box
why - and not +
Different directions
"with a force along the handle" means the force has a y component in the same direction as gravity
not opposite
the force is applied down and left
what you interpret is up and left
.
mg + 205 sin(29) here
if you draw the force diagram, the force of gravity and the y component of the force of 205N along the handle are in the same direction, not opposite
Like as in free body diagram?
yes that. forgot the name
Ahhh I see
Also since it’s pushing you do + instead of minus right?
On all previous questions and the next one I used minus and got the correct answer
Bro it’s working tho
For every single question
Thanks again for the help
@gritty rose
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@winter ember Has your question been resolved?
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how do i do this
💿
how would i know if it starts from where tho?
ik the end bc u can set the two to eah other
and find the end point (where they intercept)
and when you set them equal, don't you get two solutions?
that'll tell you where they intersect both times
so same value but one is -
Yup
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hi
i need to show that Un is > 0
for all n
i reached a point where i got that Un = (Un+1)/3
idk what to do
<@&286206848099549185>
BRO IT CANT BE THIS HARD
Just put in the values and show that it's increasing
It literally the second line of your question
so just replace 1 and -1 with U0?
ohhhh shit
I think the series is decreasing though
Is it I haven't ried it yet
thanks a lot
Neither have I, but the -1 on the outside feels dominating. I could be wrong though.
yeah
i jsut need to prove that the entries are positive
Makes sense
The cube root is always greater than one
Hence always positive
thanks for the help
@torn jolt it sounds like you understand it better now, but I want to point out to you -for future reference- that this kind of definition for a function is, in fact, well-defined, It is known as a recursive definition. You have a definition for some specific value, then you recursively define each sequential value based on the previous value(s)
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thank you
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help understanding why it diverges
write out what k^k means and what k! means
Expand them
great idea
what does that mean
yeah k factorial
k * k-1 ...
Yes and what is k^k defined as
k * k * k up to k
So write it out
the easiest way to show it diverges in this case is by using the ratio test tbh
i tried that but i got = 1
and doesnt that mean the test is inconclusive
did you write this out
i mean yeah but idk how that helps
what did you get
oh you wanmt me to write the series out
okay actually i did try out the ratio test and i didnt get 1, so the ratio test does work in this case
no just k^k / k! will suffice
what how, i got lim of k / k+1
i got a different limit, maybe you did the algebra wrong ?
$\lim_{k \to \infty} \frac{(k+1)^{k+1}}{(k+1)!} \cdot \frac{k!}{k^k} = \lim_{k \to \infty} \left(\frac{k+1}{k}\right)^k\cdot \frac{k+1}{k+1}$
knief
yes
ohhhh i forgot about the exponent
i think it’s best to just understand it intuitively
i mean this limit works out to be the definition of e
i just didnt know where i was going with that idea
$\frac{k^k}{k!} = \frac{k\cdot k \dots \cdot k \cdot k}{k(k-1)\dots(2)(1)}$
knief
you’re multiplying k by it self k times
whereas in the denominator the terms decrease to 1
it suffices just to show that each term will always be at least 1
$\frac{k}{k} \cdot \frac{k}{k-1} \cdot \frac{k}{k-2} \dots \frac{k}{2} \cdot \frac{k}{1}$
knief
which should be made obvious by the expansion
each term is >= 1
i think doing it this way is better for understanding
Yes
instead of just using the ratio test which is just pure computation
yeah it makes sense but my brain immeditley goes to using one of the tests
despite still being valid
math education
lol
i think the ratio test has a level of intuition to it
the ratio test woujld have been so much more work
should the first step of solving series be writitng the terms out?
it does but unfortunately i think most people don’t understand it
i wouldnt immediately discard it as just a mechanism of Pure Computation; the ratio test makes sense why it works, and doing the work just some algebraic manipulations and is probably the intended way of going about solving this problem
also requires more algebra
you guys knew instatnly that it diverges which is crazy to me
but the ways in which it’s used for intro calc from what i’ve seen is exclusively just "plug and chug fuck it it works, if you say so!"
like all the ratio test says is "okay, in the long run, this series is going to end up looking like the geometric series, and we know if B>1 then it is going to blow up to infinity and if |B|<1 then it's going to shrink"
it’s commonly known that x^x grows faster than x!
yeah i got that much later lol
right but from what i’ve seen no one even thinks about this for intro calc
again it’s perfectly valid
it’s also longer though tbf
and easier to make a mistake
it is more generalizable and useful for more problems, this is like one of the only problems with this specific intuition to it
i would say that it's best to use one of the tests whenever possible and only resort to this kind of stuff if you don't think the tests will work
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got this problem from elsewhere.. I am getting 25/12 after solving it
idk if am wrong or the options are :(
options
are wrong right..?
yup
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Just wanna make sure i have these 3 questions correct
Ah hello again
Ay wassup man
Getting through the day
For 1), graph is good, range is incomplete
Yeah +inf
But [-1, is not correct
That Union would just give you numbers
Where in the graph do we have a y value of -0.5?
At x = 0, no?
What is f(0)?
|0| = 0
But $f(x)=-e^x$ for $x\ge 0$. If $x=0$, then $x\ge 0$, so $f(0)=-e^0$
SWR
But if x = 0 then x < 1, so f(0) = |0|
Like we talked about yesterday, it's kinda fucked bc both parts of the piecewise overlap
And this is where i don't blame you for the confusion
I'm quite sure the problem meant x<0, not 1
x<1 would make f not a function
(-inf, 0) U [-1, inf)?
Yeah it's unfortunate, that typo
2a and 2b?
Also, nice job correctly identifying domain for 2a. Very subtle, so good job
Thx
3 is good
So all 3 questions are good to go?
@sacred shard Has your question been resolved?
Yup
Ok cool
Lemme drop the rest of my assignment to double check everything
I'm 99% sure everything is correct, just playing it safe
Btw SWR thanks for all your help with domain and ranges. You're the goat, and it's fine if you dont wanna do all that double checking
@sacred shard Has your question been resolved?
Shiiiiiii not really but fuck it, save the rest for tomorrow
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Hi could I check with anyone what are the steps to evaluate the contour integral of z conjugate defined as x - iy along the contour of a unit circle defined as w = e^(iθ) where θ ranges from 0 to 2pi?
parameterize Unit Circle
express dz
setup the Integral
evaluate the Integral
Is it possible for me to do it with Cauchy's Residue Theorem?
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yo so ive done this
and im not getting the sameresult
idk if im wrong
could someone double check for me
ive done it like 10 times
could you show me ur steps ?
what ?
?
this isnt the question
b
general solution for it: $C_1x+C_2x^4$
mathell
mathell
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hi
how
nah
factor it and cancel out like terms
i mean yes factor but with quadratic formula
????
oh so i do it for the top and seperate for the bottom
yes
and then divide tem or leave it by itseld
yep
you don't need to use this if you know other factoring methods
what factoring method do you use?
u do
if its 6 and 2 and 3 fine
2 numbers that times to give the last one and add or munus to give the middle number
but its inconsistent as hell
you do not NEED to use the quadratic formula to factor when there are much quicker methods
and then put them into two x brackets
yep
this is for gcse content btw
try using this method for the numerator and denominator separately
ik but i cnt seem to figure how to get 2 numbers that times to 1 and add to give 3x
yes
you need 2 numbers that add to -8 and multiply to 15
oh sorry i was looking at the wrong question mb
and on the bottom two numbers that add up to 3.5 and multiply to -7.5
but not sure what methods you've learned
why those numbers
since it says 15
and -7
ohhhh because of the 2 before the x?
yep
so even if it was + 15 and +7 i would still dived them
yep
so it would be x-3/2x+3
wdym
that would b the final answer no?
you should get a simplified rational function as final answer
wait
yeah that's right sorry didn't realize cuz of no parentheses
its fine dw
also for thsi one
would I do
multiply for 0.5 and add for 1.5
for the top hald
half
but 3/2 =1.5 so how comes minus
essentially this it probably hasn't been explicitly named though
ngl i did not think it was this compolicated
istg u just factorise and simplify
and then thats it
that's basically it
it pretty much depends on the factoring method you use since there's a lot of tricks people learn
if youre looking for numbers that sum up to something and multiply to something it would be this though
oh okay
it's basically what you've been doing
idky its not workinggggg
for the top one?
yes plz
do you have any example problems where your teacher or whoever used the factoring method you learned?
yes hang on
it worked their
and i understood but then i didnt get it in the previous question i sent
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for prime $p$, find all positive integers $(a,b,c)$ such that
$$a^p+b^p=p^c$$
Skissue ping4response
i dont think fermats last theorem is given here so i cant use it i dont think :p
it doesn't apply, note the right side
?
left side has p exponents, right side has c exponent
oh right
I suppose first thing I'd do is reduce mod p and play around a little 
my only idea is to split into cases where p=2 so you only work with odd p
so a+b=0 mod p right (by fermats little theorem)
I don't see a reason to split even/odd p at this stage yet, but haven't thought that far ahead either
i was hoping there would be like something where one is odd and one is even and something can come out?
maybe there's a more direct way though by splitting even/odd since you could directly factor a^p+b^p now that you mention it
does a^2+b^2=2^c have any solutions?
also a good point
im p sure no but i cant think of why
1^2+1^2 = 2^1
wlog a>=b well its either a,b odd or a,b even and if they are both even then you can factor 2 out of them so it either becomes odd+even or odd+odd
in fact, when p=2 look at when a=b
it would be then a=b=2^n right
yup and c=?
n+1
close I think
that would be a+b=2^c
nice
ok so we at least got infinitely many solutions but not necessarily all of them for p=2
or maybe we did and we can reason it out, I was starting to work the odd p case at the moment, just playing around still haha
lemme think about it aswell
at least a=b can't happen for odd p right
if you say something pls ping cause im gonna be on my notes app
wait
how do you know a=b is the only solutions for p=2?
I don't
ohg
I had to take care of some chores and garbage and stuff around the house, so bit distracted but
for odd p I think factoring might be a good option
maybe focus on a^3+b^3 = 3^c to get the idea started if you're unsure what I mean by that
oh I guess another separate strategy that'll be handy to know
if (a,b,c) is a solution, then (pa, pb, c+2) is a solution
so now once we find one solution - we have infinitely many
I guess the p=2 case was a special case of that as well when we had (1,1,1) earlier and then got those infinitely many more from it
to just get it immediately for some parameter n, (ap^n, bp^n, c+2n) if (a,b,c) is a solution
you don't by chance know the lifting the exponent lemma do you? thinking that might also help here
where did this problem come from?
can 2^n -1 be a perfect square?
consider it mod 4
that implies a^2-ab+b^2=3^(c-1)
oh
I'm thinking it's kind of close but not quite
a+b = 3^m and a^2-ab+b^2 = 3^n with m+n=c
well doesent this mean p=2 the omly sols are a=b
apparently french tst 2012, i tried searching it online but got nothing
gotcha, fun
taking a look now one sec
ah yeah
I'm thinking even more immediately reducing that mod 4 forces 2=2^c mod 4 so c=1 is the only option
ok thats much nicer lmao
but I like the square argument too, we don't know what kinds of tricks we'll need for odd p so good to cover different strats now I think haha
ive read about it a bit
ok cool so that settles p=2 I believe
nice yeah you said that too ok so we're good
let me make sure though having second thoughts that I missed something on it
we know a=b mod 2 so they're both even or both odd at least
if they're both even we can just pull the 2 out and go from (a,b,c) to (a/2, b/2, c-1)
so they're both odd
and we just did that, ok cool I feel better now
ok I'm able to get $c=1+v_p(a+b)$ from LTE
Merosity
that make sense?
need you to check me cause I'm distracted haha, so I could be wrong here
I think it's pretty straight forward though in this case
yes
@hoary ember Has your question been resolved?
@hoary ember Has your question been resolved?
I would try asking in #competition-math or #elementary-number-theory not sure how to finish it
@hoary ember
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yo help
im stuck

CHALLENGE 1 (5 marks)
The pdf data you have been given is somewhat realistic but there are aspects of it that are artificial.
The probability density during the chip’s operating life would be much lower than 0.01 per year, the
probability density would not change discontinuously, and there would be some small probability of
the chip lasting a very long time. How might you modify your bathtub curve to take these into
account? Make a sketch by hand of your modified bathtub curve.
@cursive wagon Has your question been resolved?
NO BRO
<@&286206848099549185> where r u
<@&268886789983436800> do ur job
before i do it for u
sorry pookies
Bro wht
js vv stressed
I can’t answer they keep timing me out
what did u do wrong then
were u naughty

You are here to ask questions just wait for help. As for me , I have no idea what that is so sorry I can't do anything. Moderators Don't control helpers so pinging them is useless
All you can do is just wait
oh... just chatgpt then youll get it 🙂
then u can help me
:))))
what?
im vv stressed it was out of line.
I apologise 😦
u are a very good mod, i adore ur help
u should get a raise @sage sparrow
<@&286206848099549185> HELP MEEEEE PWEASEEEE ill gift nitro.
Uhh
i have this question...
this is the data
Alr give me a second (it’s 4 am rn and I have school in a couple hrs)
this is my graph output... i knows its not hand drawn lol
i am just wanting to verify if its correct
Based on these requirements u seem correct
- Ur probability is a nonzero constant lower than .01 during usual life
- The curve is smooth which is nice
And the tail at the end basically shows the small probability of it lasting longer
yippie
add me i think
sent
What are the units on the vertical axis of your pdf graph?
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Trying to cover over some stuff during the holidays that I didn't quite understand. Need some help with C. I don't know where I'm supposed to go from here, or if I even did it right. Thanks!
It might be less ugly if you substitute u = x - 1, and and solve for u
Got to here. I'm guessing the next move is to bring the u² to the left side?
Yes
Correct
This is where I got stuck lol
Now to get rid of ^3
We take its inverse, namely ^1/3 on both sides
Does it sound familiar?
So it would look like this?
Yea
that’s correct
So would I now sub back in the x-1?
So I tried subbing it in, but I'm not sure if that's the right thing to do
Yep
Im just not sure where to go from here unfortunately
Wait I think I've got it
Thank you!
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2+2
2+2??
whats the root of 4
2?
Oooh!
That makes a lot of sense actually
thanks for telling me
sorry for bothering you by the way 😅
Have a nice day!
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im curious about why we need to split the second integral
why do we split it in 2 parts -infinity to 0 and then 0 to x
ohh
just one more quick question, for the second its stated that x is nonnegative
cant we just do the lower bound 0 and upper x
does it perse have to go from -infinity to x, even though we know x is nonnegative
always
then you just specify what you have tof ill in for -infinity, since in many cases it isnt defined for some values
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is it bueno?
@wise zephyr Has your question been resolved?
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It says too: solve the systems of equations using the addition method. And like I rlly dont understand how it works, like ive been trying but it just turns pit silly
The idea is to cancel out either the x term or the y term by multiplying one equation by some factor and then add that result to the other equation. If done properly, the term will cancel out leaving the the sole other term for which you can solve for.
For a, you can multiply the first equation by -4/3 so that you end up with a -4/3 * (3x + 2y = 9). Do the math and you should end up with a -4x in the new equation. Add that result to the second equation which will cancel out the x terms.
yw
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Looks like triangle
$( |\sqrt{a} - \sqrt{b}| \le \sqrt{|a - b|} )$
Quantie
Compile Error! Click the
reaction for more information.
(You may edit your message to recompile.)
oh ok haha
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how do you solve this or find which answers are the right ones
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Hello, I want to ask something. In limit, is (0/0)=(0/0) still considered zero or indeterminate for it to determine if it is continuous or not? thank you
0/0 is indeterminate
so it is not continous?
is what continuous?
oh the function which limit you are taking
i'm studying basic calc limits
yeah
the function wouldnt be continuous at that point because the limit is nonexistent
uh continuity on an interval
oh thank youu
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Find the locus of the point of intersection of a pair of tangents to the ellipse
[
\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1
]
if the difference of eccentric angles of their points of contact is
[
\frac{2\pi}{3}.
]
riddle
Use SS_1 = T²
i want to solve by obtaining quadratic in sintheta
Hmm
Suppose one point is (a cos t, b sin t), another is (a cos(t + 2π/3), bsin(t + 2π/3))
Tangent to both points can be written
✓
so u get ksintheta/b = 1- xcostheta/a
now square ig
wait
keep xcostheta alone so it can be replaced by (1-sin^2theta)
? You're looking for intersection of (x cos t)/a + (ysin t)/b = 1 and (xcos (t + 2π/3))/a + (ysin(t+2π/3))/b = 1