#help-27
1 messages · Page 446 of 1
6a^13 + 1 = 6a + 1 mod 7, even if a is divisible by 7
(if a isn't, then little fermat, otherwise, 6a^13 = 0 = 6a mod 7)
care to elaborate
also in the other direction, p | x^n => p | x
idk if thats what you are going for
care to explain
how did u get this
can u help dawg
you should continue with what u got
how?
continue simplifying?
yeah this is goid enough
good enough
now you can solve mod 7
then either 7 | a or it doesn't
how
sure
a can only be 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,mod 7
show that only one of them satisfy 6a+1=0 mod 7
and find it
pretty literally just plug in every value
see if it works
the equation is simple enough that you can just brute force
that or... 6 = -1
also technically u cant just say a^{p-1}=1 mod p, cuz it onky work for non-zero values of a mod p.
But this can easily be avoided if you just check a=0 mod p, or use the fact that a^p=a mod p
this is simple enough that you should just try it
you could, like the person above suggested, use 6=-1 mod 7
then?
u should, however, be comfortable with just solving it for simple cases like this
a = 1 (mod 7)
goat
write down the step?
well we want that this shit is cong to 22 under mod 70
so a cant be 1 mod7
I meant why is a=1 if and only if -a+1 is 0?
-a + 1 = 0 (mod 7) <=> 1 = a (mod 7)
what shit?
is just simple arithmetic
isn't it 28
the o original shit
right.
so we have a=1 mod 7
do we?
as we've just deduced didnt we
wdym it can't be
well how so?
yeah that is the crucial first step
alright alright
alright okay
I haven't read the rest of this convo, but assuming you haven't, similarly find some results mod 2 and 5 and then deduce what a should equal
now rinse and repeat our steps for other divisors of 70
help
so the ugly thing =28 mod 5
= 3
well we've done one example
can u help
is hard to use fermat
u've done well for the p=7 case, same thing with p=5
gotta get them practice in
so far so good
a^13 = a^5^2 × a^3 = a^5 = a
continue with simplifying the powers
this i donw quite get
how did you get a^5^2x a^3=a^5
good you should add that in
cuz its a bit unclear with that step skipped
otherwise perfect
sure but i mean it would be more clear to the reader if you wrote a^13=a^5^2 x a^3=a^2 x a^3=a^5=a
3a = 2
care to elaborate?
yes
show me your steps
6a^13 + 7a^5 + 4^132 = a^13 + 2a^5 + (-1)^132 = a^13 + 2a^5 + 1 = a + 2a + 1 = 3a + 1
@near jolt
3a + 1 = 3
3a = 2
gcd(3,5) = gcd(3,2) = gcd(1,2) = gcd(1,0) = 1
so inverse exists
3a = 2 <=> 6a = 4 <=> a = 4
@near jolt
@ebon coyote
do you follow?
-# (fyi, if p is prime, then any non-zero a has an inverse mod p)
6a^13 + 7a^5 + 4^132 = a^5 = 0 <=> 2 | a
so we have a = 0 (mod 2)
a = 4 (mod 5)
a = 1 (mod 7)
@near jolt
So then?
go for it then
crt just says solving mod 70 is equivalent to solving mod2,5,7
also is this system pairwise coprime
i dont understand
-# tbh CRT in lecture notes is often mentioned in a pragmatic sense tho
That said, it should be possible to just check this by hand in any case
First, if it's 0 mod 2 and 4 mod 5, what should it be mod 10?
how?
jk
but wdym by that
-# This is from Wikipedia and not any course notes, but a course typically tries to go through the proof of the theorem, and often does the "existence" part by direct construction, like so:
please dont send random gifs
oh 
@spring oasis
i dont know
yeah so we need to follow this constructive algorithm
to find the solution in mod 70
Bruh you can literally just check
CRT tells us there's a unique number mod 10 as an answer here
So we can just check - which number between 0 and 9 inclusive is even and cong. to 4 mod 5?
how?
wdym how
That's literally what CRT says
If I have an answer mod 2 and mod 5, then I have a unique answer mod 10
i dont think I follow
hey guys i’ve been staring at this projectile motion problem for a while and it’s driving me crazy i’m trying to derive the general formula for the maximum horizontal range r but here’s the catch the projectile is launched from a cliff of height h not from the ground can someone walk me through the math i’m specifically looking for the breakdown using quadratic solutions and how trigonometric identities come into play here i really want to understand how the starting height h changes the optimal angle compared to the usual 45 degrees we learn in class down for a step by step challenge if anyone is free to help thanks a ton
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idk, wdym you don't follow? that's literally what CRT is
yeah so lets apply crt
but I dont remember how the algorithm was
I already forgot
This is why you need to check your notes; I'm not going to help you any further on this
Making people repeat themselves repeatedly is annoying (this also relates to you reposting the same question over and over again and starting from scratch - you’re basically telling the helpers from before that they wasted their time and were useless)
no
next time you do the exercise from scratch you have a much better grasp of the exercise
is just for clarifying things that were unobserved in detail
But for this part of the exercise, I am literally telling you this shit is in your notes
From at least half a year ago, no less
@spring oasis Has your question been resolved?
I think so.
Just re-read teresa's chapter on crt from algebra 1
are u taking algebra 1?
the CRT is an existence theorem, i.e., it tells you the existence of some specific object, solution, or value exists under certain conditions
to use the algorithm, you need to find the total modulus, the partial products, the modulo inverses -- sure that works, but for the purposes of finding what number fulfils your specific mod 2 and mod 5 conditions, this would be too inefficient, which is why waes is suggesting you to just manually check!
yeah but I didnt understood their hint
No, i already passed it
May take algebra 2 in the future, algebra 1 was fun
what are the requisites for algebra 2 for cs majors
thats crazy work
for math we need algebra 1 and linear algebra (dm not dc)
Then we'll need the same pre-requisites, we don't ger special treatment for being from the dc, still, you can take any course from any other major as long as you have the pre-requisites
yes maybe you would need to take linear algebra from dm before
Yeah i may take it next semestwr if we are still on strike because only the dm is working at the moment, i took algo 2 and we haven't gotten a single lecture or class yet
dm is goated but yeah dc is suffering from the financial situation
I am taking orga 1 and we also having 0 classes whatsoever
yeah dm and df is working like almost nothing happened
dc is going crazy having the public classes and the professors leaving is fucked
at the end of the day they can go to di tella and earn 3 times more
however i am not sure the same can be said for the profs at df or dm
are you guys still having exam on algo 2 or not? is the semester completely wasted?
are they going to enable exam libre?
i ponder if you pass linear algebra dm if they give you for free linear algebra dc?
Completely wasted, they made a survey the other day asking us for our opinion of what they should do if the wages get raised and the only options were "starting over again next semester", "take classes as if nothing happened" or just "try to take as many assignments as possible". All the 3 options are pretty much starting over again since algo is the only course from the dc that has 15 weekly hours when normally a course is 10 hours
We are not going to catch up in 1 month
yeah thats illogical. the only logical possibility was to take it next semester
well one semester aint much, the problem is if next semester same thing happens
because dc doesn't even have summer courses
so you would've wasted an entire year on nothing
I mean, not for me since i still study on my own since i'm so used to it, but most students NEED to take class going to the faculty in order to study
is good that you take initiative but for example for orga 1 I tried that but at some point it becomes impossible to continue without asking to the profs some stuff (circuits, and stuff), no?
well maybe algo2 doesnt apply. since as long as you understand java you can deal with it prolly
for example I am taking this class taller de calculo avanzado where there is no book to follow, if you don't go to class you are cooked
there is no teresa fasciculo8 for example
still, one year for selfstudy? you are going to study eventually again the semesters you retake the courses
lets be honest is kind of wasted time, even if they let you take an exam libre, its not going to be easy by any means whatsoever
but what else can dc do, we need to keep the strike going, otherwise nothing will change
Yeah most dc courses have the disasvantage of having horrible documentation for self study unlike dm courses but it is what it is
Java is the least of your issues in algo 2, the hardest thing is understanding the specification language we use which is pretty much first order logic with extra steps
is it similar to specification from algo 1?
well I will see when the time happens, I enjoyed the haskell part of algo 1 aswell as the project, looking forward to taking algo 2 in the future 
Not at all
maybe next semester, for algebra 1 at the start of this semester we were told that we were going to have exams and last week they told us that we will only have exams if the strike is lifted (and the financial law is fulfilled)
Let me see if i can find an exercise i've made
I'll send it to you after i'm done eating
how many times did you took it?
alrighty
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early diff calculus, unsure how to do parts c and d. i've tried finding the instantaneous rate of change at t=13 and the average rate of change from t=13 to t=14, both answers are close but not correct
change t=13 to t=12 because t=13 is at the end of the 13th day and t=12 is at the end of the 12th day, so it would be way closer to use t=12 instead of 13 since its removes the 24 hour window that the 13th one has from its start
or you can find both and then just subtract the 12th from the 13th
whichever is easier
do the same for d as well
this should fix the problem since everything else was correct
sorry, for clarification you are saying to find dv/dt when t=12 instead?
yes
hmm, that's also not what the textbook says
wdym
what does the textbook say?
one moment
let me do the math myself really quick
i'm in no rush, thanks
Ah okay, I see why. The derivative gives a super close estimate, but the textbook wants the exact change using regular algebra instead of calc
so use the 12-13 that I said in my message as this gives the exact value
so V(12) - V(13) instead of V'(12)?
yes
gotcha, i did try V(13) - V(14) i assumed t=13 was the start of the 13th day
yeah, i've made that mistake before as well
so dw cause multiple people do that
makes sense now that i think about it because t=0 is the start of the 1st day
i hate using time as the x axis value in problems, always adds another layer
yep all good
.close
the bot is broken, and yeah, 4sin(x)cos(x) = 2sin(2x), though thats probably not what youre supposed to use
The yellow bit
They divided both sides by cos^2(x)
U would get this no?
You'd get this, if it was sinx + cosx
but it's sinx * cosx
Alr
so you can literally just cancel it
Ty
np, do you have any other questions or is that all? (ill assume that its all)
.
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how to solve 3)b here [sorry it is in french but here is the main idea M(x) N(iy) 3)a prove that 3)b prove that am stuck in 3)b]
do we know anything else?
About A maybe?
yes A is 2+3i
hm maybe you could use a)
if b was equal to 0, then either (zm - za) or (zn - za) are 0
so if you can prove that both zm - za and zn - za are non-zero, then b is surely non-zero as well
and how can i prove it ?
The property we use here is that if a =/= 0 and b =/= 0, then ab =/= 0
this is an elementary fact, you dont have to prove it
product of non-zero numbers is non-zero
and then these 2 are the same
Could someone please explain how this answer was reached in (i)
first i thought about solving it until i can calculate Delta if it is < 0 then it have no solutions so it is != 0
That'd probably work too, but i think that using a) is much easier
Hi, can you go to #help-25 please?
do you see how those 2 are the same?
yes
alright, so now we only need to prove that:
$(z_M - z_a)\overline{(z_N - z_A)} \neq 0$
MathIsAlwaysRight
right?
But if we can prove that $(z_M - z_a) \neq 0$ and $\overline{(z_N - z_A)} \neq 0$, then we're done. Because product of non-zero numbers is non-zero
MathIsAlwaysRight
Yes, exactly
if you can prove that zA != zM and zN != zA, then you're done
let me think for a sec please maybe i will find it
i know that M = x it belongs to real number so Zm - Za != 0 is that enough ?
to prove the first product is non zero
Yeah, perfect
M is real, but A isnt
so zm - za != 0
what about the other one?
and the opposite for the next couple ?
N is only complexe number and a is both complexe and real number ?
the proper term is "N is purely imaginary", but yeah
N has zero real part, A has non-zero real part
and so the 2nd factor is non-zero too
oh that is it ?
Indeed
both factors are non-zero and so their product is non-zero as well
this is much easier than the method i used thanks a lotttttt
np
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oh this one
I know the formula but there is no good way to explain it, maybe you need to memorise it before doing it
first, draw the y=g(x) and y=5 and find the points of intersection
you rotate along y axis means your radius is the x value
draw the picture to check what is the radius
1
it is the distance of y-axis (x=0) and y=g(x),
5 and 1
means the radius should be $g^{-1}(y)$
this kind of question must guarantee g is invertible so no worries
the limit is 1 and 5 right
you need to turn y=g(x) to x= h(y) , whatever function h would be
what limit
yes, but it is called bound
isnt g^-1(x) = sqrt((y-1)/2)?
夜靈
sorry I made the wrong notation
夜靈
夜靈
???
no
integrate this $g^{-1}(y) dy$
夜靈
wait
ok
$\pi \int \sqrt{\frac{y-1}{2}} , dy$
j_stin7
$\pi \int_{1}^{5} \sqrt{\frac{y-1}{2}} , dy$
j_stin7
i mean this
oh you need like area of circle $\pi r^2$
夜靈
Oh then i got my formula wrong
so you need $\pi \int (g^{-1}(y))^2 , dy$
oopsss
夜靈
Omgg
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I’ve done part i and iia i just need help with the last part
That’s my answer to i
For the last part ik the min value is when the expression equals 0
And i found theta for that
For the max value
The expression could equal 1 or -1 do i solve for both
the min is when cos(theta + alpha) = +/- 1
and max is when it's 0
you got it the wrong way
Oh yh oops
you solve for 1 and -1 yes
check on desmos
@clever sphinx Has your question been resolved?
@clever sphinx Has your question been resolved?
you sure that's the min. value?
also fwiw you're not tasked with finding theta there
[edit: wait you are lol nvm]
side note: tan alpha instead of tan theta would be correct here since theta is the unknown youre trying to solve, you always look for the reference angle when using the harmonic addition formula
ah i see where youve gone wrong
thats not what youre supposed to be maximising/minimising
youre supposed to minimise $25 - (4\cos\theta - 2\sin\theta)^2$
reze ♡
so substituting, you should get (what you found) $25 - 20\cos^2(\theta + 26.57^\circ)$ and so on
reze ♡
so your greatest value would be to subtract the smallest possible value of $20\cos^2(\theta + 26.57^\circ)$, and your min would be to subtract the largest possible value of $20\cos^2(\theta + 26.57^\circ)$ accordingly
reze ♡
hope that helps!
Thank you
That makes more sense now
I appreciate it
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I need to figure out where this thing is continuous
My current understanding of it is that it’s not continuous for any value of x but my feeling is telling me it might be for x=0
Is it continuous for 0? How would I show that?
yeah
it is continuous at x = 0
this is like some variation of the Dirichlet function
How exactly would I prove that
My basic idea is just
The rational number 0 lines up with our definition of y for irrational numbers
So do I just write what I already wrote and this time I say there is a ball such that.. for x=0
yeah basically
like, let eps > 0 be given, choose delta = eps and let x be in B_R(0, delta)
@atomic idol Has your question been resolved?
This fine?
@atomic idol Has your question been resolved?
@atomic idol Has your question been resolved?
<@&286206848099549185> could someone verify my solution?
E
idk about using epsilon deltas, cant you do this by sequences?
Not sure
This is like my second problem on continuity and stuff
I have no clue how to do anything
To be clear the thing in the top right corner is my profs definition of continuity
As terrible as it is
well its fine lol, just using balls instead of absolute values
blanketism
because im not sure if what you've written works
blanketism
Epsilon delta works for proving it is continuous at x = 0
Less so for proving it is discontinuos for x != 0
i think i just remember the sequences thing more
Uhh sorry where exactly
Yeah you're right that it's only continuous at 0
epsilon delta is also good to show it
you should do what blanket said and split into cases based on whether x is rational or irrational though, this way you have an explicit formula for g
and to prove discontinuity everywhere else, ||consider density||
you can also use the definition of continuity at 0 as lim x -> 0 f(x) = f(0) = 0
by the sequential characterization, you only need, given any sequence xn st xn -> 0, that f(xn) -> 0 too
but f(xn) is xn or 0
so if xn goes to 0, it's natural that f(xn) goes to 0, it's the same sequence with more 0
the funniest side of this is that you can reverse the problem to get a proof of discontinuity at other points
you only need to find a sequence xn that goes toward your point, but such that f(xn) doesn't
its existence is trivial thanks to civil service pigeon hint
I still don’t understand that part unfortunately
What is $|g(x)-g(0)|$ if $x$ is rational? If $x$ is irrational? That's what we've been trying to get at.
Civil Service Pigeon
For the rational numbers it’d be rational and this the number itself (or x) and for the irrational ones it should be 0 right?
$|x|$, not just $x$. And yes it's $0$ for the irrational case.
Civil Service Pigeon
Do you see how this works very well with the epsilon delta definition
I think the differences that you mentioned like |g(x)-g(0)| could be considered as a radius
And thus a ball
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|g(x)-g(0)| is a distance
true facts
So what's the question?
probably in reference to this ^
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Ah

this is it ... he asking if g continues at 0
it s clear that g continus at 0
if it's clear, then isn't that your answer?
or are you just looking for confirmation?
you are correct, it is continuous at 0
lim x-->0 g(x) =g(0)
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Hey can anyone help me with this question my eoc is 3 days away and I did nothing all year 😭 🙏
in order to combine radicals they need to have the same term inside the radical
you have a sqrt(5) and a sqrt(20)
as it stands you cant combine them
do yk how to simplify radicals
Hint: exponent rules
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Wrong channel
impostor
<@&268886789983436800>
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Is this right?? Can reduction formula be in terms of I_n-2 and not I_n
@charred eagle Has your question been resolved?
no. yes.
u didnt use chain rule for du/dx
only power rule
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part c
What step are you on?
1. I don't know where to begin.
2. I have begun but got stuck midway.
3. I got an answer but I was told that it's wrong.
4. I got an answer and would like my work checked.
5. I have a question about someone else's work/solution.
6. I have completed the problem and don't need help anymore. Thank you.
7. None of the above
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Find cos(pi/11) cos(3pi/11) cos(5pi/11) cos(7pi/11) cos(9pi/11)
Like $\prod^5_{n=1} \cos (\frac{(2n-1)\pi}{11})$ or whar
P(this user is larp larp) ≥ 0
of course
Equivalent to finding cos(pi/11) cos(2pi/11) cos(3pi/11) cos(4pi/11) cos(5pi/11)
Because cos(4pi/11) = -cos(7pi/11) and cos(2pi/11) = -cos(9pi/11)
Like $\prod^5_{n=1} \cos (\frac{n\pi}{11})$
Meolve
Wait, the expressions are exactly equal
Because -1 x -1 = 1
So the question becomes:
Find $\prod^5_{n=1} \cos (\frac{n\pi}{11})$
Meolve
Hint: Multiply and divide by 2sin(pi/11)
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cos(pi/11) cos(2pi/11) cos(3pi/11) cos(4pi/11) cos(5pi/11) = A
2 sin(pi/11) cos(pi/11) cos(2pi/11) cos(3pi/11) cos(4pi/11) cos(5pi/11) = 2A sin(pi/11)
2sin(2pi/11) cos(2pi/11) cos(3pi/11) cos(4pi/11) cos(5pi/11) = 4A sin(pi/11)
2 sin(4pi/11) cos(3pi/11) cos(4pi/11) cos(5pi/11) = 8A sin(pi/11)
sin(8pi/11) cos(3pi/11) cos(5pi/11) = 8A sin(pi/11)
2 sin(8pi/11) cos(8pi/11) cos(5pi/11) = -16A sin(pi/11)
2 sin(5pi/11) cos(5pi/11) = 32A sin(pi/11)
sin(10pi/11) = 32A sin(pi/11)
sin(pi/11)/sin(pi/11) = 32A
A = 1/32
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Any suggestions? It is of the form 0^0 but my book only allows l'hospitals rule for 0/0 and for other forms it uses these theorems.
I thought of taylor expanding but that doesn't seem to work
Don’t you need to do an e^ln()
I did?
Just taking the limit of e to the power of the previous function changes the question
I don’t see the “ln()” lol
$\lim e^{(...)} = e^{\lim (...)}$
riemann
why is that?
you can do that because exp is a continuous function
Because of continuity, you can can bring the limit into the function argument
I don't see how that is relevant? since is cont then lim x to something e^x = e^something
but that isn't the same as what your suggesting
that would be the next step
You could approximate sin(x) with x around 0
Everyone’s fav thing to do
lol
ye but I still have the log term which is causing all the issues
*x=1/(1/x)
You’re trying to get it into a form where you can use L’Hopitals
I still don't understand the reasoning behind it and also why does it matter in I could just apply the limit to the x in e^x and get what I need
or rather maybe x/(1/(log))
what are you even asking
did you not learn what continuity gives you for limits?
continuity means the limit at the point is the same as the function at that point
what does "get what i need" even mean
I don't understand why it is and why I need it
Yes
right, so this implies you can move the limit inside the function
you could also approximate log somehow
$\lim_{x \to a} f(x) = f(\lim_{x \to a} x)$ for a continuous function $f$
you use it in the next step
W*
.
oh since x is a constant
No. If a function is continuous, you can bring the limit inside the function
x appraoches a as arbitrary as it wants
sin(x)~x and ln(1-x)~-x/2 might help
$\lim_{x \to a} f(g(x)) = f(\lim_{x \to a} g(x))$ for a continuous function $f$
W*
still holds
the defining property of continuity is that the limit of a function is equal to the function at the limiting point
so what am I messing up then if $\lim_{x\to a} f(x) = f(a)$ and we are saying that the function at a limit is equal to the function a the limiting point. but the limiting point is a constant and the limit of a constant is the constant
BigBen
if I sub in 2^x for x we then have an approximation at 1 though but the rest of the limit is at 0
,w taylor series of 2^x
<@&268886789983436800> (scam account)
But don't we want to do it for log (1-2^x)
I mean log(1+x) =x+o(x) as x to 0 so if I let x=-2^x I have log(1-2^x)= -2^x+o(-2^x)
But -2^x then goes to 1
yea so it doesnt work
Ok so if we approximate 2^x we have log (1-1-xlog(2)+o(x).
Then we have $e^{[x+o(x)]log(xlog(2)+o(x))$
BigBen
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$\lim_{x\to 0+} x\log x =0$ seems like it could help but the o term is in the log
you could pull it out like this from the log
How did you go from your second to last step to last step with the o(1)?
We claim log(1+o(1))=o(1), so that means log(1+o(1))/1 -> 0, since o(1) -> 0, we end up with log(1)/1=0/1=0
Ok so both terms go to 0 as x to 0 and then 0/1 is 0
Wdym by both terms
I mean log1 and o(1)
o(1) goes to 0 and log(1) is 0
Ok so then I'm left with $e^{[x+o(x)][\log(-x)+\log\log(2)+o(1)]}$
BigBen
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can someone help me for c please
What step are you on?
1. I don't know where to begin.
2. I have begun but got stuck midway.
3. I got an answer but I was told that it's wrong.
4. I got an answer and would like my work checked.
5. I have a question about someone else's work/solution.
6. I have completed the problem and don't need help anymore. Thank you.
7. None of the above
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can someone give me idea to do this pls
constant of integration

also exponent on part a is wrong in your beginning integral
also there's no reason to expand - do a substitution if you really have to
etc
You can write the general antiderivative directly in terms of $(x-2)$ if that's what you're asking
Civil Service Pigeon
so = (x-2)^4/4
constant of integration?
+c
by using 2,0 right
mhm
mhm
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The question is Simplify logb(a^m)/logm(a)
what have you tried
I need to simplify it as a single expression involving a logarithm of base b
i have tried:
mlogb(a)/logm(a)
nothing else comes to mind
loga^b = bloga
it needs to be in base b
use log_b(a) = ln(a)/ln(b)
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How do I determine the foci of an ellipse when the c value is a whole number?
Please show the original problem, exactly as it was stated to you, with the entire original context. A picture or screenshot is best. If the original problem is not in English, then post it anyway! The additional context might still be helpful. Do your best to provide a translation.
EX:
I don't follow -- why would the procedure be different just because $c$ happens to be an integer?
Civil Service Pigeon
,w foci \frac{(x+3)^2}{9}+\frac{(y+2)^2}{16}=1
hold on is c even an integer in that case
Uhhh
did you add instead of subtract
…..yes
actually same for this
On all of them
but in general it shouldn't be different just because c isn't an integer
rip
Well fuck
I’m just gonna print out a new copy
No sense in erasing all of that
Welp
Onto hyperbola I guess
Do I add on that one 🥲
@tawdry meteor Has your question been resolved?
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Given the real numbers x, y,z satisfy the systems of equations:-
x+y+z = 6
x²+y²+z² = 26
x³+y³+z³ = 90```
Find the value of XYZ and x⁴+y⁴+z⁴
-------
I can find the value of xy + yz + zx but what will be the benefit of it?
How will it be useful for me
so if you wanna find x^4 + y^4 + z^4 or x^3 + y^3 + z^3 or any similar looking expression, these polynomials like x+y+z, xy+yz+zx, etc tend to show up
so finding them is useful
When you express this in the long form
What do you get @raven forge ?
well this is more of a comp math thing, but for example, you can write x^3 + y^3 + z^3 as (x+y+z)((x^2+y^2+z^2)-(xy+yz+xz)) + 3xyz
Dude i just said that...
so you see how xy+yz+zx shows up there?
similarly when you try to break x^4 + y^4 + z^4 down, you get it in terms of x+y+z, xy+yz+zx, and some others
it's like building a house in terms of these blocks
um
is there a problem?
No no nothing...
okay
btw i dont mind if multiple people try to help
I would try avoid giving the answer
idk about if you do but...i was the one helping him
oh well it's quite a comp math-y question and they dont seem to know how to start properly
i mean this isn't the sort of thing you get from the regular theorems and such, it's just if you know it you know it
doesn't appeal to intuition too much
and even with this you still have like 60% of the problem left
so i didn't think it was too bad
i mean to some extent if this is the first problem of this sort that he's doing, maybe it needs to be consumed as an example
and then he knows for future
I mean I guess. But this seems like a pointless argument to have
Is that u in ur pfp?
@raven forge Has your question been resolved?
Pardon me, had went for dinner 
That's such a big and complex identity. Do I need to remember the identity for (a+b+c)³ also now?
(actually no, you just need to remember (x+y)^3 and have (b+c) as y)
or manually derive it yourself 
Its a very common identity in Olympiad (i learnt that recently)
Alright so lemme also memorize it
Well then the question is solved easily
Thank you so much all who helped!
.close
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I remember talking to someone who gave like 10 other identities to remember
I think you can find these types of identities online
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hint pls idk how to start
remember that one dot product formula
like the one with the cos
so the normal of u is equal to the normla of v
we want to show that i mean
cos of the angle between u and w is equal to
u•w / |u||w|
yes
That's the dot product rearranged
yes
u•w is directly computable
Remember the dot product distributes over addition and scalar multiplication
yes
Simplify both sides with this strategy, they should turn out to be the same thing
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Okay im working on this but this part kinda confuses me
for ii
to convet this into echelon form like uh
do i make it 0 1 for the first row
then 0 0 1
then 0 0 0 1
or what?
yes
i also learned it this year, u can do it with your hand which will take long or with ur calculator
i dont know if u speak dutch
try doing that each horizontle line only has 1 unknow
and work like staircases like u said
you want your first row to be [1 x x x] (so the first entry has a pivot), then the second row to be [0 1 x x], and so on
so make everything below each pivot zero
it will only look like this if you have 4 pivots, you could have some zero rows and end up with less than 4 pivots
why do i need to make it1 1 1 tho?
cuz cant it be any number?
cuz i can stil find out each x
Translate this and it has every rule u have to follow
na this guy skulled it
lock in man
issue is i got 3 rows but 4 columns so wtf do i do?
it can be any number, just nonzero
so i had it right the first time, sorry
you set up a 3x4 augmented matrix (so 3x5 matrix), then solve for as many pivots as you can
im confused
this sis 3x3
it can be rectangular
$$\left[ \begin{array}{cccc|c}
1 & * & * & * & * \
0 & 1 & * & * & * \
0 & 0 & 1 & * & * \
\end{array} \right]$$
haseeb ♥
row-echelon form just means that every row has a different pivot
it doesnt mean the pivots go all the way to the rightmost element
@harsh roost Has your question been resolved?
but with this
i cant get x3 x4 and etc
like im confused
why not? you have a 3x4 matrix, and you can put a different pivot for each of the three rows
there isn't one for every column, but that's not a requirement for row echelon
bound variables are things like 5x_3 = 2, where the variable has one numerical answer
but sometimes all we have are relations between variables, like x_2 = x_3
we call x_3 (or x_2) a free variable because it's free to be any number in R
5x_3????
whats _??
$5x_3 = 2$
haseeb ♥
vs $x_2 = x_3$
haseeb ♥
oh
stil
we will hve
x2 + 5z3 = 4
(an example
so we cant get x2 or x3
i emant x3 and x4
but ye
yes, so we have a relation between x2 and x3
we call x3 a free variable, let's say t, then we solve the rest of the system in terms of t
uh okay
i see
ig
do we have to make
it 1 1 1 1
like the rows thing
or we can make it wtv
no, row reduce how you normally would
just make the other parts 0
like the 3 zeros i can do, but do i gott do the 1 1 1
ok
i see
ty
yeah ik its not very satisfying
but you basically have this line of possible solutions, and for any fixed t, you can sub in and get all 4 variables
alr imma solve and send
@harsh roost Has your question been resolved?
@woven vale is this fine?
Also so if it is easy to make it all 1's I will but if it will mak efrsctions I wont ig?
yes, this is perfect
what do you mean by all 1's? if you mean the row should be [0 1 1 1] then no, because that's a different system
although when you submit it properly, you should say "let t in R be free" or something
no like
y * * *
0 y * *
0 0 y *
y can be any numb except
0
and what i was saying is
yes, that is fine
if i can make y = 1, by divided the whole row by 1/y i will, but i wont do it if will make the other areas in this row uneven
like for example let us sya its
0 3 5 7 : 10
i wont divided by 3
cuz it will just be horrible to do
yk wim?
ah i see
yeah thats totally fine
in that example you can either scale by 1/3 earlier, or divide by 3 when you substitute later
it will happen at some point, so it doesnt matter when
at least to me, maybe your teacher cares
dividng by 3 later is easier
tbh
cuz if u divided by 3 now it's just annoiyng doing 5/3 * (3 - 4t) for example
i would agree, but then when you do reduced row form later on, your pivots must be 1
reduce row form ?
wym
reduced row-echelon form (RREF) looks like
$\cv{1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1}$
haseeb ♥
instead of nonzero *, you have zeroes on all non-pivot columns, and only ones in the pivots
the benefit of this is if you have $$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 3 \ 0 & 1 & 0 & \frac 12 \ 0 & 0 & 1 & \frac 35 \end{array} \right]$$
then the equations are $$\begin{align*}
x_1 &= 3 \
x_2 &= \frac 12 \
x_3 &= \frac 35
\end{align*}$$
and you don't need to do any more sub
haseeb ♥
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why is the x4 is a pivot but not x3 in row 3?
the only rule is that the pivots are different columns
they don't have to be immediately after one another
in this case you might get something like $x_1 = 3, x_2 = \frac 12, x_4 = 1,$ and then you have no rule for $x_3$ so you say $x_3 = t \in \R$
haseeb ♥
So for ref I have to have it like this? @woven vale
So if I asked to turn it into REF I have to make it
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1
While its still a matrix
for RREF (not REF), you have to have 0's and 1's
Ah
And for ref is what we did above?
Or am I tripping
😭
it's possible it will look like
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0
this is also in RREF, but for a different matrix
REF is the
y * * *
0 y * *
0 0 y *
but
y * *
0 0 y
is also in REF
Ah so what i did above
using letters instead of asterisks (same),
a b c | d
0 e f | g
0 0 h | i
this is REF (RREF comes after)
but haseeb's saying that if you had a row of three 0's in the left part of your matrix,
0 0 0 | d
0 e f | g
0 0 h | i
(a, b, c = 0) and d is non-zero, this is a form of REF not RREF because
- we don't necessarily have the 1's that indicate RREF but
- even if we did, that triple row of zeroes doesn't happen in RREF.
p.s. it gives us a situation where there's no solutions idk if you've learnt that
so this would just happen to be an REF because of that triple 0.
RREF would be
1 0 0 | a
0 1 0 | b
0 0 1 | c
importantly order doesn't matter, so i could write RREF as
0 1 0 | b
0 0 1 | c
1 0 0 | a
n that'd be allgood; same for REF, too, we don't need order
Ah ref needs order by rr doesnt m?
that's why in REF instead of necessarily having the corner triangle, I recommend you get used to looking for that triangle but literally anywhere and in any orientation
e.g....
3 5 0 | 4
6 0 0 | 4
3 2 1 | 6
Nuh they both don't
How so
I was told and in my notes
It has to be the 1's in order
Like
1 * * *
- 1 **
-
- 1 *
Oops
The * thingy
But u get what I msan
If you're required to put it into the proper RREF form (e.g. the question asks you specifically to use RRE elimination) then yes, but
"don't need order" meaning you can move things around at the end, and it's still the same
I'm training you to recognise this bc it is useful when you want to do specific row transformations that you're worried won't lead you to your outcome
Js switch em round at the end
soooo as an example
with this one
0 1 0 | b
0 0 1 | c
1 0 0 | a
I could do three row transforms R1->R3, R2->R1, R3->R2 to get the matrix we want; im just conveniently moving them around
so when you are performing your row transforms, don't be concerned about where you're putting the new/replacement row
hmm, i believe we require that pivots go down and to the right in REF/RREF, so its not truly reduced until you do the row swaps
just focus on a triangle somewhere and if you need to you may use row transforms to put the triangle in a corner
because every matrix is n row operations away from its RREF
mmm yeah but if you were just solving a system of equations it would suffice without right?
this is a great point though for when you're in the process of reducing
Also i didn't know pivots were like that for REF that's mb
it absolutely would, but we don't define that to be (R)REF exactly iirc
Alright then
@harsh roost Has your question been resolved?
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How do I find volume of a truncated cone of base radius 3cm and top radius of 2cm, with height 4 using calculus (volume of revolution) ?
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