#help-23
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<@&268886789983436800>
f(x)
yes
I need to put it in the f(x+h)
correct
do I just put a +h in there
Tyvm
then I put it to every x I see
sure
yeah
unsure...
what should I do next
Don't functions like x^nsin(1/x) always have an oscillatory type discontinuity?
I think derivative at a point definition would helps us more than just the h → 0 one

the function itself is continuous but the derivative may not be continuous at every point..?
I am really unsure though
I mean we have defined the function at x=0. So that shouldn't be a problem.
also is oscillatory type of discontinuity even a thing
then what should I do
I am pretty sure it is.
But I am not sure if it can be removed. My best guess is that we can not diffrentiate this function at x=0.
the derivative of f(x) at point a: $f'(a) = \lim_{x → a} \frac{f(x) - f(a)}{x - a}$
biggboy
not for all r yes, but I think it can be for some
like r = 2... I think
Maybe right hand derivative= left hand derivative definition might work.
But then again I don't think we can remove oscillatory type discontinuity.
Another easier definition of derivability to use in this case can be
limit of f'(0+)= limit of f'(0-).
the graph of xⁿsin(1/x) seems to be bounded by xⁿ and -xⁿ for all positive integer n bigger than 1
so I think that "oscillatory discontinuity" disappears(?)
sure
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the ans has to be 50 cm^2 and (50pi-100)cm^2 but i dont know where to start
See you finally changed the days 
For b, you can work out what the unshaded parts are pretty easily
hehe yess
Then use that and the area of the square to get the area of the shaded
but i have no idea how to do that
You have a square right, and inside it is a quarter-circle of radius the same as the square’s?
yess
a
wait
do i have to find the area of arcs
like 90/360 multiply 10^2
and then
i forgot the english word
Don’t forget the pi 
For one of the unshaded you could do area of square - area of that quarter circle
Then you know that bit of the unshaded are the same so double that
Then remove the unshaded total area from that of the square
omg yess
i can see it now
and how about a?
it is a bit harder than b
seems to me
i mean
A tiny bit but not by much
Similar idea to the last one, the unshaded area is easy to work out
maybe hm i think i can find the area of the semi circle and it will be 25pi/2
but what about another unshaded area
Create like “sub-squares” to see it easier
okay a sec
aaa
okaaaay
i will try it now
thank you very much chartbit!! u r cool!
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is this correct ?
nope
$g\left(f\left(h\left(x\right)\right)\right)=g\left(f\left(\dfrac{-2}{x}\right)\right)=g\left(\dfrac{4}{x^2}\right)=\dfrac{4}{x^2}-1$
SAKUUN
@lean otter
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How would I finish this: Tan(53.2)/1 = 14/x
are you asked to find the value of x?
You're solving for x?
Sorry, let me show u the full problem 
It's a trig question- I got it down to Tan(53.2) = 14/x
and I know you're supposed to cross multiply it
I just don't know how to finish that
how did you got that from the diagram... and what does x represent in the diagram
is your x the length GH
yes
then you got your fraction wrong
angle G?
yes
wuh
G is an angle though
firstly, calm dowm
okok sorry
hmm
tan(53.2 degrees) is not a very nice value but workable I guess
so what would tan(53.2 degrees) would represent as a ratio of sides on your diagram
okok yes
GJ would be the hypotenuse of your triangle, yes?
mhm
and the length HJ would be the adjacent length respect to the angle J
so we need the trigonometric function that relates both the hypotenuse and the adjacent side length
which is the cosine function
cosine!
yes!
yay!
so our cosine value of the angle J would be the ratio 14/GJ, right?
mhm
so solving for GJ would get us with
how do I solve for GJ
you have $\cos(53.2\deg) = \frac{14}{|GJ|}$
biggboy
multiplying both sides by length GJ: $|GJ| \cdot \cos(53.2 \deg) = 14$
biggboy
you don't really need to but you can
dividing both sides by cos(53.2 deg): $|GJ| = \frac{14}{\cos(53.2 \deg)}$
biggboy
you can just plug that in a calculator and round it the way your question suggests
yeah
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Hello im trying to to do numerical analysis.
I did 2 equation called d2_1 and d2_2 where d2_1 is the finite difference approximation of f'(xi) and d2_2 FDA of f''(xi) both is in the second order. I want to study the error of | d2_1 - f'(1) | and | d2_2 - f''(1) | in python with a graph where h reduces where f(x) = e^-x^2 and xi = 1.
shouldn't your error decrease with decreasing step size
can you type out your function and its derivatives in latex
@dark terrace Has your question been resolved?
tbh I don't know
theres some weird things computers do with floating point calculations
So you mean it has to do something with the code so my calculation are not wrong?
im not sure i didnt look at the code
you're missing a factor of h/2 multiplying the -2e^(-x^2) term
use $a(b+c) = ab + ac$ with $a=h/2$
riemann
oh maybe it looks right in the code
So based on what you said earlier i rewrote the function d2_1(h) so it look like this now:
now the graph look like this
@plucky elk
why is there an x and a 1 here?
what do you mean?
this is your f''(x). the x in 4x^2 should be the same as the x in the two exponentials
also looks like the parentheses don't match. you have -4x^2 multiplying both exponentials
but when x = 1 isn't e^-x^2 just e^-1 which is the same 1/e^1
that's not your issue
read the screenshot more carefully
oh you only pass in x=1
well that's completely inconsistent.
either re-write your function to have x or don't at all.
fix this and plot again
I had x first but when I was trying to debug the code and put 1 to check if there were different but there was no difference then i left it like that
yea that's bad
I changed the 1:s to x but the graph is the same
.
Ok i c
the blue curve looks like it makes more sense.
Ok im gonna check the other function in my code tomorrow tp fix it

Tnx for help
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I feel like such an idiot but please help me figure out where I'm going wrong
If p = -4, p squared is -4 x -4 which is 16. 2p would be 2 x -4 which is -8, plus four brings it up to -4. Therefore, 16 minus -4 equals 20 due to a double negative yet somehow, the answer came out to 28. How is that even possible?
I'm just going through practice stuff so I'll get similar questions to this til I pass so I just want to figure out how to properly do this shit
(-4)² - 2(-4) + 4
Use brackets if you're having trouble
Then that's
(16) - 2(-4) + 4
= 16 + 8 + 4
So its not a subtraction at all
Okay, so basically each one of these is its separate formula?
I'm choosing to evaluate them separately then combine them after, sure
Any term seem weird? Want to go over any of it?
I'm gonna work through another similar problem and see if I get stuck
Give me a minute
I just don't get it
Ahh wait a sec
I misinterpreted the whole thing
It makes more sense when I write it like a sentence
Oh wait my answer is still wrong
A few things that catch people with these:
-
Squaring a negative number turns it into a positive number
-
Subtracting a negative number is the same as adding a positive number
I dunno how much more I can break this down. I went r^2 is 9, -2 times -3 is 6, plus four equals 10, therefore its -1
This is driving me nuts
But wait a second, the root at the end is a positive, so wouldn't it be subtraction?
Root at the end? I'm not sure what that refers to
Because -2 x -3 is a positive, plus a positive 4 we're left with a positive 10
Right! Don't forget about your 9 that came before
Yes, so we subtract a positive 10 from a positive 9, we're left with a negative 1, that's what I don't get
You used your - when you multiplied -2(-3)
So lets work through this again then, so positive 2 times negative -3 is -6 plus +4 is a negative -2
At least that's what I'm coming to
So note as well that the - only applies to the term to its immediate right
Your explanation is trying to do:
-(6 + 4)
But you really want to do
-6 + 4
So okay, its a negative -2 plus a four giving us 2
So 11 in total?
Wait no
So it'd be 9 minus 11
9 minus 2
But that leads me to my answer of 7
I just don't get it!
Not sure where -2 + 4 happens
Doing this in sentences is mixing you up
God I hope this is finally the correct answer
THE ANSWER IS 19?
HOW?
Oh my god I'm gonna have to come back to this later
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Quick Question: I would like to know how much sin cos and tangent is in calculus - higher level math due to my adamant distain towards it due to not learning it well enough.
yeah you're really gonna wanna learn to like it more
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∀a∈Z, a=kq+r, k∈z+ ∧ 0<r<q
Does this notation make sense? I'm trying to say "For all/every integer a, a can be rewritten as kq+r, where k is a positive integer and r is between 0 and q.
If it doesn't, what would be the correct version?
yes it makes sense
ok ty! It's my first time learning math notations and I'm just practicing with random theorems
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how do i start this?
Umbraleviathan
@iron bolt Has your question been resolved?
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Can someone explain what this means
Ive been staring at this and i just have no idea what im looking at
In part b
Do you know what f(3) means?
You plug in 3 into f(x)
$f(f^{-1}(x))$ is the same logic
dldh06
Take $f^{-1}(x)$ plug it into f(x)
dldh06
Yes, and the reason for the many options, it wants you to select the one that is in that specific form that you just gave
Like this
Yes
Now it's asking me the same thing but plug the other one into the other other one
Is there an actual use for this or is it just asking me things
There is
Notice how if you simplified choice a, after plugging that in, it results in x
It means that the f^-1(x) and f(x) are inverses
Like say if I gave you f(x) = x + 2 and g(x) = 3x, and I asked to prove if those were inverses of each other. If you did f(g(x)) and it resulted x and did g(f(x)) and that also resulted in x then you know that f(x) and g(x) are inverses
That example, I just made up two random functions that weren't inverses but the idea is still the same if you were given something more complex
That makes sense
Plugging them into each other and getting x as both results will tell me that they are inverses of each other
Yep exactly
Thank you so much
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Hi I need help finding the velocity from a limit at t seconds
for the velocity
x approaches a?
Just compute s'(a)
then I get something wrong
I wouldn't bother using the limit definition for derivatives unless you're being forced to
It should be the same
we havent learned it yet technically
i end up getting 300 for some reason
do you think if I just wrote the right answer the teacher would ask for my work
cus i wrote the first part
$\limit{\frac{(-4.9a^2 + 300) - (-4.9t^2 + 300)}{a-t}}ta$
Umbraleviathan
so i get 300.027-4.9^2+300
over a-t
over 7.825-t
?
ok thanks I got it
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try joining E & A, O & A, O & B
Okay i will try it now
Use this
btw, if an arc is 80 deg, then isnt the angle on the opposite side equal to exactly half of that?
so would angle ADC be 40 deg?
That's only true if the radius of the circle is 1, isn't it?
Also don't you mean ADB?
im thinking 80deg = AOB?
I dont think that will work
what abt angle EAD
I will try this
that and ECD are the same
Okay i will do this
yes another way of doing it
Is this correct?
yes
Ooo i could also do thisss
but u cud have just said 30+40 = x
Both are good ways 👍
coz exterior angle = sum of interior opp angles
You did a good job here
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what is a?
well what does the mean value theorem say?
yea should be a
yea that will help because you'll probably have multiple answers and you want the positive one
so $$f'(c) = \frac{f(2) - f(a)}{2 - a}$$
Bungo
you know c, so you can calculate f'(c)
and you know a formula for f(a)
try plugging all of that in
see if you can solve for a
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wtf
I love that i can see the original problem
Me too
What about it
Look at the answer for range
It looks like we are trying to find domain and range of this expression?
As per the verified account https://quizlet.com/explanations/textbook-solutions/thomas-calculus-early-transcendentals-14th-edition-9780134439020
Find step-by-step solutions and answers to Thomas' Calculus: Early Transcendentals - 9780134439020, as well as thousands of textbooks so you can move forward with confidence.
Meanwhile...
very small negative value
limit towards 4 for t, or limit towards Infinity?
Yeah so the range is everything but 0
4
Something close to 4 will be very big or very negative
And a huge number for t would be positive, right
right
t² -16 is really big
So anyways
2/really big = close to 0
Think the first one
because this textbook f'ing stinks
No, (-inf, -1/8] U (0, inf) is correct
Really
looking at it in GeoGebra, the second is correct
Meanwhile, their verified Quizlet page is full of crap
The denominator has a minimum value of -16
I still don't see it either
I would have went with the Quizlet answer
So, the function cannot equal -1/16, for example, since that is equivalent to 2/(-32), but the denominator cannot ever have a value of -32
This explanation is right, if a little bit hard to decipher
Ok sorry my break is over sorry for confusing you :c
@fickle trail Consider the denominator alone: t^2-16
Do you agree that it cannot be less than -16, for any value of t?
What I mean is, there is no value of t such that t^2-16 < -16
Right
That's the minimum value of the denominator
There is no t such that t^2 - 16 < -16
And that minimum occurs at t=0, like you said
Now, in the domain, you specified that t cannot be -4 or 4
Right
To be clear, t CAN equal 0 (0 is in the domiain), but t=0 is a special point, because it gives the minimum value for our denominator
So, it might help to look at four separate intervals:
-inf to -4
-4 to 0
0 to 4
4 to inf
Does this make sense so far?
Yes
So consider the first interval -inf to -4
How does the function behave on this interval?
What does it do as t approaches -inf
and what does it do as t approaches -4 from the left?
-Inf would make the denominator a huge number
towards -4 from the left would make the denominator close to 0
Right, so what about the entire function? (not just the denominator)
close to 0?
yes, for -Inf
yep
for -4 lemme think
-4 from the left specifically
yes
And I would just stop there with my answer lol
what else am I supposed to test?
So far, we only considered t between -inf and -4
But, now consider the interval from 4 to inf
I think you can convince yourself it has basically the same behavior
and it's symmetrical because of the leading term power?
x^2
if it were odd I would want to test all intervals maybe
or understand when the intervals change due to multiplicity
This is a good strategy
OK
If you had both even and odd degree terms in the denominator, it would be much less predictable
so if I know this interval is true, -4 to 0 must be false
not sure what you mean by true/false
yeah
not sure either
lets continue
-4 from the right
okay
approaching -4 from the right would be a very small denominator
we can say approaches 0
for this
Actually, if we're approaching -4 from the right, the denominator will be a very small negative number
oh right,
we are counting down back to 0 on the number line, for the negatives, when approaching from the right side
keep forgetting this
(-3.999)^2 - 16 < 0, for example
yeah
So this will approach -inf, not +inf
I was imagining 4.00001 because it's to the right of 4, and x^2 is positive.. but we havent squared yet
right, exactly
alright
close to -16
so tell me about the function as a whole
Because t=0 is in the domain
t=-4 was not
2/(t^2-16) is perfectly well-defined for t=0
We plug in 0, we get -1/8
Nothing weird
so basically to find all range you just need to test the limits on all sides of the domain intervals
left and right sides, if domain permits it
like if domain says (-Inf, 1) you could test from the left side of 1... 0.999999
but no point in testing from the right side of 1 ... 1.000000001
it's not included in the domain to begin with
Yeah, I mean
If you test a value that's not in the domain, you should find that the function is undefined there
Otherwise, it would be in the domain
Yes
and i guess rational functions can be the trickiest for range?
need to be careful you dont skip over domain intervals
but finding domain first seems like a good strategy for finding range
and understanding limits
As far as the kinds of functions you'll study in a course like this, yeah
OK
You can make all kinds of weird functions that do all kinds of weird things though lol
question about range.. if domain is (-Inf, Inf) is it guaranteed range will be the same? regardless of the function?
OK lol
so generally domain has more numbers in a set than range does
generally speaking
or is it like comparing apples with oranges
"""""yes"""""
can go either way
yes for which? haha
ty
Your intuition is correct, but when speaking of the size of infinite sets, things get a little weird
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i have a big problem
ok
draw a diagram
.
wait i got this far
to save time for u
k
k
seems to me u hav found the solution ; where is the workings
.
depending if i put it in degree or rad mode
i get different answers
put degre
so here i wnt it in degree since 36 is degre??/
....
ye
when do i want rad mode
if the angle r in radians
oh ok ty
ty for helping me
k 
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I'm not quite sure if I have done part a correct
,w solve 0=(1/20)*(18x-3x^2)
Yeah part a is right
Okay, could you help me on part b ii
@brittle prairie Has your question been resolved?
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trigonometric identity probably
oh ok let me check
more like angle change formulas
pi/2 is 90degree
so theta = 90degree - beta
so sec theta - csc 90 - theta would be:...
0
cot(theta)/tan(90deg-theta) = 1
and last again 0
i dont really get it sorry
below table you got them
so for example
cos(90deg+x) = -sin(x)
You can get expressions for theta and beta using the first expression they gave
so for example if you want beta make beta the subject
??
okay so a simple way to understand this is
do you know the answer to Sin(pi/2 - x) @lean otter
yea with calculator
No without calc
no i dont then
no problem it’s really simple don’t worry
so when ever you get something like pi/2 - something or p/2 + something for the trigonometric ratio. remember that the sign will change
sin will change to cos
so
Sin(pi/2-x) = cos x
cos(pi/2-10) = sin10
and so on
oh ok i see now
but remember to see which quadrant the angle is in
@lean otter can you tell me which quadrant this in ?
pi/2 is basically 90
sorry
so 90-10 is in ?
you can use this diagram for reference
1
yes
and that’s why it’s positive
so if it was something like Cos(pi-10) the answer will be -Cos10 (here the cos doesn’t change to sin because it’s pi not pi/2 minus or plus something)
And the minus is because in the second quadrant only sin is positive
oh ok
if you didn’t understand let me know. it’s alright
let me see
@lean otter Has your question been resolved?
i dont understand sorry
i dont think any of that is in the homework or textbook so far
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just a quick question but i was wondering, why dont we also make a vector QR?
alright thats cool, so is it in general you need 1 vector less than the dimension? so for (x,y) you need only 1 vector and (x,y,z) you need 2 and (x,y,z,a) you need 3?
@stray axle Has your question been resolved?
hmm I can't speak to that
for the x, y case yeah
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im trying to understand how that became (1/cosx) * (1/sinx)
did you understand the first step?
do you know what the numerator:
$$\sin^2(x) + \cos^2(x)$$
simplifies to?
ℝamonov
you shouldn't be assuming that
it is unequivocally 1
it's the pythagorean trig identity
so the x is 45 degrees?
i can understand now thinking that its 45 degrees
oh nvm
it works for any angle
now that i think about it
not just 45
ooooooooh
thank you so much
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Consider (O; e1 ;e2) , the vectors u(-1;0) and v = 2e1 + e2
The following propositions can be classified as:
A) both false
B) p is false and q is true
C) q is false and p is true
D) both true
I been struggling with understanding the q one
I can easily understand how p works
not the q one
and what'd make sense for me would be p being true and q false
but would like an explanation if possible as I'm trynna learn 😄
Have you tried actually calculating the things?
yeah I did try but I'm losing myself in the "q" one
because i don't know if I can convert the u + v into their norms like that
What do you mean convert u+v into their norms
What are a,b,c,d?
the coordinates of the point
These vectors have two coordinates so you only need two letters
Anyway you should explicitly find the vector 2(u+v) and then compute its norm
Then you should compute the norm of u+v and then times it by two
And see if you get the same result
alright I'll try that
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sorry let me re add the images i missed up the extension
@weary grotto Has your question been resolved?
<@&286206848099549185>
#old-network for CS server
some formulas here at the bottom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-tree
In computer science, a B-tree is a self-balancing tree data structure that maintains sorted data and allows searches, sequential access, insertions, and deletions in logarithmic time. The B-tree generalizes the binary search tree, allowing for nodes with more than two children. Unlike other self-balancing binary search trees, the B-tree is well ...
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Do you know how to convert units?
no
ah ok
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I am lost in an exercise about similar triangles
I have to justify if they are similar triangles or not
I was able to do a) and b) but I'm really out of ideas in the c)
i don't know where to even begin
@vital wing Has your question been resolved?
for c) they should be guiding you to use
SAS
try to find if the ratios are the same
like,is
||9/4.5 = 7/3||?
yeah i tried that but
even if 9/4.5 doesnt equal 7/3 it doesnt really justify it I think
because the homological side of 9 or 7 could be the side which value I don't know
I don't know if homological is the correct name but it's called like that in spanish
homologous*
that's the word
good reasoning
and you need to check also if
9/3 = 7/4.5
if both are not equal, then it's good
or we would say we cannot prove they are similar
yes i think so too
although, for later on , when we learn more about sine cosine, we can prove it's impossible to be similar
so, i think that should be it
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Hi, I need help with this:
Write the equation of the line passing through the origin O and tangent to the curve of equation y = -ln 2x
The problem must be solved with derivatives and the result is
y = (-2/e)x
@pseudo sentinel Has your question been resolved?
<@&286206848099549185>
ok so
what do we know about the line?
@pseudo sentinel
specifically, what two points do we know it must go through? hint: one of them has no constants, and isn't really a specific point that we know of rn, but both points are necessarily traveled through as stated by the problem
I called the tangent line t and solved the system; the result comes out but I didn't understand the relationship between m and x
in a few words, we know two pieces of information about m (i.e. the relations placed in the system) and by uniting them we obtain the abscissa x of the tangent point, subsequently substituting the value of x in the derivative function we obtain the angular coefficient of the tangent
huh this is a much better way of solving that I was going to do
though I'm not sure how you did it
I had to think about it for quite some time but finally I was able to do it on my own
good job!
thanks anyway!
I believe u did somewhat same… cool
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Can someone help me with this problem?
I dont understand how to find the solution to this ODE
I think its a first order linear ODE
so I should solve by method of integration factor, but I get stuck when trying to deal with h(t)
try splitting it?
find a solution valid for each piece of h as a domain
then check that you are able to join the halfs
splitting it?
As in solve for y' + y = 0 and y' + y = 1
yea
@steady loom Has your question been resolved?
@marsh walrus these are the solutions I got
what did you mean by does it make sense to put it back together?
<@&286206848099549185>
sorry, ill be home in a bit
oh ok nw appreciate it
also it has a hint to solve it as if it wasn't discontinuous
which is why I didnt try separating it at first
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I do not understand how to get the final answer once cos is solved
ty
<@&286206848099549185>
Do you know the general solution of $\cos{x}=\cos{α}$
Anagh
your reasoning in the screenshot seems fine, what is the issue?
@lean otter
its a worked out question i just do not understand what is happeing after gettin cosx = 1/2 and cos x = 1
well what angle x has cos x = 1?
there's only one such angle in the interval [0,2pi)
i dont know what that is
i'm not sure how you can solve this problem if you don't know the cosine function...
Bro first you need to learn trigo
probably you should take a step back and review it
How to get a general solution
so what should i look up
Then how to get solution when θ lies in some intervals
How to solve Trigonometric eqns
ok ty
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how do you derive the cartesian coordinates of an icosahedron? like this \
$(\pm1,\pm\varphi,0), (0,\pm1,\pm\varphi), (\pm\varphi,0,\pm1)$
🤓
dodecahedron also
*the vertices
not an assignment

just me wondering how are these coordinates derived
@worn lark Has your question been resolved?
@worn lark Has your question been resolved?
@worn lark Has your question been resolved?
HAHAHAH
Lmao
<@&286206848099549185>

this is a serious question
@worn lark Has your question been resolved?
i dont get why everyone is laughing at this
what do you mean by derive @worn lark
the coords u gave dont give u a regular icosahedron anyway
it does
according to wikipedia
theyre the vertices
hmm okay
like, you cant just give me the formula of the gamma function and expect me to know how did you find it
i need to know what method did the first person that calculated these coordinates use
hmm well it depends on how you define an icosahedron
but like if you just draw out the shape and say its angles are something
it's in general possible to compute arbitrary rotations of arbitrary vectors
and then you can just calculate the points one by one
obviously this is not very elegant or satisfying I guess
if you take two points of the icosahedron to be placed at the poles of a sphere, you can compute the co-latitudinal angle using spherical coordinates
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hi guys, does anybody know how to get the inverse function of this function with normal procedure (without drawing)?
yup
so it has no inverse
seriously???
it's pretty similar to sine or cos, and i believe they do have inverse
it has an inverse if u restrict the codomain
sines and cosines are also only invertible once u restrict the codomains
codomain is the y that comes after any x is inserted right?
This isn't a bijective function, so it has no inverse
no, the values of y that actually do come out when u insert values of x are called the range
the bigger set that all these values of y reside in, is called the codomain
oh yeah, understood
when u write $f : A\to B$
SilverSoldier
A is the domain, B is the codomain
yep the function is not bijective, cuz its not injective
yep thanks
neither is it surjective
why?
not everything in the codomain has a preimage
but its the case if the codomaim is all Real numbers right?
if we restricht the codomain it can be surjectibe right?
but no this is never equal to something like 2
yeah if we restrict the codomain to [-1, 1]
is it surjective, but not injective
yeah not injective cuz at some points y has 2 x values
if we further restrict the codomain to like [0, 1], then it is both surjective and injective and it will have an inverse
yeah