#help-19
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yes
Closed by @lyric lintel
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✅
sure
alr thx
how do you do this one, it rlly confused me to the point where i kinda guessed @runic swift
holy pings bro
there are certain transformation effects
but honestly i didnt memorise it lol
it’s correct
@runic swift we never learned about x in exponent
i just looked at answer key. How is it correct tho
it doesn’t matter where it is
well f(cx) is a horizontal stretch
in general f(x) when transformed to f(nx) compresses by a factor n
theres an intuition behind it but i cant really explain that in short
,w graph (10x)^2
💀
i think just the x in exponent confused me
just think abt the inputs
thas like the only thing
you can just let f(x) = 6^x
then do the things with it
i just think of it like it will get to the y values faster thus it’s skinnier
yeha
and of course if the factor is less than one it has the opposite effect
it will fatten out
the derivative is less
f(x) is x^2 in what i did
but what is happening to the x like if u put in function notation
but for your question it would be 6^x
f(x)= what?
if f(x) is 6^x then f(4x) is 6^4x
how
bruh
i dont get the second part
because the input is no longer x
it’s 4x
if f(x) = 6^x then f(smiley face) = 6^(smiley face)
what happened to the 4x
autocorrect
right
$f(x) = 6^x \implies f(4x) = 6^{4x}$
knief
you’re hilarious
my point exactly
this concept is understood by my 8 year old cousin
my point exactly
my point exactly
good for them ig
bad for you ig
ur explaining just dont work for me @runic swift was better
but thx
i understand it mostly now
cant make it any clearer than this
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<@&286206848099549185> could I please get assistance on limits involving infinity, I am cooked at calc pls have mercy on me
Send the question
what’s the issue
split the fraction
divide the top and bottom by x
so you’d get sqrt(10)/6 or smt
i understand how to get sqrt(10)/6, how does the limit approaching inf involve in this problem
?
I previously tired sqrt(10)/6 and it didnot accept this answer
did you divide everything by x?
i think the answer key is wrong then
or maybe its in a different form
would I mulptiy by 6?
@compact delta Has your question been resolved?
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Can someone explain how this jump happened?
Uhh is there a name for it lol
Shifting the index? Idk
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Correct me if I'm wrong, my understanding of this is: We find algebraically that both m and n are even, and if they are both even then it is impossible because that would mean a is not in it's lowest form at a = m/n
Yes, since you assumed it was in lowest form to begin with that's a contradiction.
Can someone help me
How does both of them being even mean it is not in lowest form exactly?
Does that suggest they can be divided by 1 and 2, not just 1 ?
If they are in lowest form, the numerator and denominator don't have common factors.
If they are both even, then they both have a factor of 2, and hence are not in lowest form.
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Even with direct substitution I’m still confused, because I kept getting DNE
4/0
Even if it was squared
limit exists for the options you chose
it said limit shouldnt exist for both f(x) and g(x) but it should exist for f(x)+g(x)
I’m going to being honest I guessed because I couldn’t tell from first glance.
then check if limit exists or not
for example the fourth one
limit doesnt exist for both f(x) and g(x)
but it does for f(x)+g(x)
its correct
but
limit exists for both of them
so u just leave that option
because it doesnt satisfy $\lim_{x \to 0} f(x) = 0$ and $\lim_{x \to 0} g(x) = 0$
Astar777
Oops wrote down the 5th one instead
(Indeed, do this before you try and work anything out)
@gleaming mason Has your question been resolved?
My friend came over and helped me , thank you guys @onyx cloak
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Your notation is pretty bad
Could you elaborate more please?
@true bolt Has your question been resolved?
@true bolt Has your question been resolved?
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why do they do this, what rule is it based on?
this is what I was looking for! Didn't know what to google
thanks
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alright, thanks
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my post in prealg-and-algebra channel
u can multiply like how u multiply number
or like this
any order will work as long as each step is done correctly
ok thank you
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64
ok
so what ur trying to do
is find the cube root of 64 then
do uk what cube root is?
No
a number multiplied by itself 3 times
is equal to that number
so lets say
if instead of 64
it was 8 under that square root sign
then the cube root would be 2
cuz 2 * 2 * 2 is 8
so what number multiplied by itself 3 times is equal to 64
Ok
?
A let me think
alr
4
yw
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does anyone know how to do this???
yes
oh hey its knief
hi
hello
at your level you’ll use the vertical line test to determine if a graph represents a function
the vertical line test is merely drawing a vertical line | through any point on the graph, if the vertical line only crosses the graph once then it’s a function
and if it crosses twice or more as in question 3
then it’s not a function
a function has one and only one output for any given input
meaning no input can result in more than one output
hence why the vertical line test determines if it’s a function or not
because a vertical line is of the form x = k where k is some number
and x is our input
does that make any sense
yea kind of but what is a input or a output
i understand that for it to be a function it only can cross that line once
if it helps you can think of a function as a machine
i put something in
and it spits something out
input is what i put in
output is what comes out
it’s the result
what would be a input would it be the numbers on the graph??
what do they mean by all possible x or y value in a domain or a range
the input would be the x values
the output would be the y values
the domain is the set of input values
it’s just the collection of the x values the function/relation is defined for
and the range is the set of y values the function takes on/equals for some value x in its domain
for number one it would be function and it would be range -infinity and domain would be infinity???
so yes it’s a function
but the domain and range you can state in a few ways
you can say "all real numbers"
or you can use interval notation
(-inf,inf)
it’s not just infinity
it’s an interval
infinity seems more so like a singular value although it’s not a number
ok how do i know if it a negative or a positve??
if what is
the graph number thing
$(-\infty,\infty)$
knief
you mean this?
yea
well it’s just an interval meaning that for the domain we go all the way to the left towards negative infinity and all the way towards the right towards positive infinity and say x, our input takes on all values in that interval
and for the range it’s similar just -infinity is down and +infinity is up
ok so for exaple number 2 it would be function -inf ,2 and 6,-4
what’s it?
so i agree that the domain goes to -infinity but it doesn’t end at x=2
the points and the arrow thing
so it would just be - infinity and the range would be 6,-4???
are the range numbers alawys in the right??? or is it the point closer to the x line???
ok
closed bracket for inclusion
wait what is a domian???
i explained earlier
here
what does that mean??? ( im sorry for asking too many questions)
did you read all of it afterwards
yes
ok maybe it’s easier to consider something that’s not in math terms
let me see if i can find a nice picture hold on
yes
im sorry im really tying to understand
no worries
why are we bring the domain over to the other one
the arrows are just for "mapping"
for example
in the image do you see the arrow going from 1 to 2
yea
so that means when i input 1 into my function, 2 comes out
so it adds up???
similarly the arrow from 4 to 3 means when i input 4 in my function i get 3
nono
like let’s say my function was f(x) = x^2
x is my input
so if x was 3
then f(3) = (3)^2 = 9
with the illustration that would be an arrow from 3 pointing to 9
when i put in 3
i get 9
that’s all it means
and they don’t define a specific function in the image of course
but the point still stands
some value in the domain will give me some value in the range when put in the function
so it used in boths side of the eqations because it almost as it was an x??
in a normal eqation
sorry what
i don't know anymore
ok so you got 9 when you input 3 becuase of this (^) thing that made it multipy itself
how does that make the 4=3
this way do you mean by this the arrows point to two numbers by why what does that have to do with a number being sqared???
oh you mean the image
yea
it has nothing to do with it
oh
i was just giving an example of a function
the numbers in the image are random
they don’t tell us any particular function
i came up with an example
ok so domian a just a number sqared???
yea i don't know what we are talking about anymore
the domain is the set or collection/group of numbers that are inputs of the function
let’s look at number 2
see how there’s an arrow all towards negative infinity and a point stopping at x=6
so that means that the function has no input for values after x=6
so for instance x=7 isn’t in the domain
and all values greater than 6 won’t be in the domain
so the domain is (-inf,6)
hmm
i’m not sure how much more i can help
id recommend watching khan academy
or something similar on youtube
i know im sorry
look up domain and range on youtube
ok
don’t be
i really am thankfull for trying to help me
you’re welcome
ill look up some videos and see if i can get a bit more
thank you for you time have a goodnight
you as well
bye bye
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having trouble phrasing my answer to b
what i got so far
ik its a contradiction because the number of prime factors of pb^2 would be odd while the number of prime factors of a^2 must be even given what i proved in (a)
i just dont know how to phrase that
I mean, what you want is a proof by contradiction. So you make an assumption in the start (that sqrt(p) = a/b for some a, b \in N) and want to end up with a contradiction (namely a contradiction of the FToA).
Have you tried noting down the major steps you would need to take and then filling in the gaps?
In my experience, it is easier to have a sketch of a proof to build on, rather than just explaining away
@light sigil Has your question been resolved?
yeah im just unsure how to sketch out the proof
i added a ton of fat to what i was saying to get my understanding of it down
Do you struggle with formulating the sketch or with finding the steps required for the sketch?
i think its specifically with phrasing how to use the idea of the fundamental theorem of arithmetic with variables
like ik from earlier that if we square a an integer greater than 1, its prime factors double.
So you want to know how to formulate the last step?
Cause I don’t think you need the theorem before that, unless I missed something
oh i dont?
oh wait yeah ur righty
i need to figure out how to formally count the number of factors i guess
like can i say smth along the lines of "let k be the number of prime factors of a and j be the number of prime factors of b" or smth?
What you could do is so it the way it was done in (a)
They got around this “number of prime factors” by focusing on each prime factor individually
This also means that your result for (a) only refers to a single prime factor
Looks quite right. I guess you could add that p can’t be more than that because it itself can’t consist of other factors of n but that might be overkill here
I think for the proof of (b) you only need to focus on the prime factor p
That way you can use your results from (a)
whys that?
And the language used in the task
oh since i gotta use some language from a
Well you know that p occurs an even amount of times in the prime factorization of b^2, and since the prime factorization of b^2 is unique and p* the prime factorization of b^2 is a prime factorization itself that gives you the unique prime factorization of a^2, with an odd number of occurrences of p (contradiction)
why can i jjust drop the other parts tho
You don’t have to, but if you don’t know how to formulate it using the given formulation can help
Because you don’t need them for a contradiction
oh wait for a contradiction i can just assume specific things?
See that (a) specifically focuses on the number of occurrences for a single prime number, not the total amount of prime factors
No, you can assume one arbitrary thing in the start and if that gives you a contradiction through otherwise logical steps you know the assumption was wrong
hm so why wouldnt i need them for a contradiction?
Because you have a contradiction from the fact that p would occur and odd number of times in a^2
That’s not possible, because each prime factor must occur an even number of times in the prime factorization of a^2 (as per (a))
ohhhhh
so saying that p appears an odd number of times is enough. i just need to say that if a number is squared, every single one of its prime factors has to appear an even number of times
lemme try writing this down formally
wait shouldnt i immediately mention the fundamental theorem of arithmetic then?
eh ill write this down first
The theorem is used to derive the “unique” I mentioned
oops i meant odd
vscode autocorrect
should add a "therefore a^2 has an even number of prime factors" after the the pb^2 odd number part
I think you could highlight that this “one unique prime factorization” means that the prime factorization of a^2 must be that of pb^2
This highlights why it’s a contradiction
Just to add clarity to the text
at the end?
Before the semi colon yes
There’s just some little tweaks I would do to the text, but if you’re first semester I don’t know that they’re strictly necessary
so like this?
im assuming theres some stuff i can remove
probably could make it less wordy
I gotta head out to school now though, just ping helpers if you want someone to have a look
but if it gets the job done it gets the job done. i dont want to be writing your proof cuz thats against the point
ye thanks for the help dude
Np, good luck
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Is this proof ok?
how do you know this
shit
So instead I do delta/|2x|
and then I can do delta/|x|
I guess I can say
1/|x| < 1/|-delta+2|
1
delta < 1 allows that
not delta=1?
my thoughts
how do we change delta?
hmm
,, \abs{x} > 1 \geq \delta \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{\abs{x}} < \frac{1}{\delta}
bacc
Try making delta permanently close to 2 for large values of epsilon
Don’t need to even consider what happens on the other side of the axis
Remember, a smaller delta is always better, so take advantage of the local properties around x=2, by fixing delta to be close to x=2, unless a finer delta is necessary
yes
if delta = epsilon would let delta > 1, then don't let it
so pick a delta such that it's still smaller or equal to epsilon
Just remember, if delta = 0.5 works for epsilon = 10, then it also works for epsilon = 100 or 2000 etc
but doesn't go beyond 1 to let 1/|x| <= 1 or any other constant you need
@wanton bison Has your question been resolved?
,, \abs{x-2} < \delta \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{\delta} > \frac{1}{\abs{x-2}} > \frac{1}{\abs{x}}
bacc
\begin{align*}
\abs{\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{2}} &= \abs{\frac{2-x}{2x}} \
&= \frac{\abs{x-2}}{\abs{2x}} \
&< \frac{\delta}{\abs{x}} \
&< \frac{\delta}{\delta} \
&= 1
\end{align*}
But $\varepsilon > 0$...
bacc
subtracting 2 should make the denominator less
and then makes the whole thing greater
and if x < 2 ?
I wanna bound it
yes
so don't take delta = epsilon when epsilon is too big
take, delta = min(...,..)
this way you could make sure that |x| > 2-delta always gives you |x| > 1
and still having delta < epsilon
I can choose 0 < delta < 1 and by that I would get 1/|x| < 1/delta < inf(1/delta) = 1?
1/delta is not < inf(1/delta)...
again you're rather banking on |x| > 2-delta
rather than |x| > delta
apologies that you are repeating yourself, i am trying really hard
1/|x| < 1 < delta if I choose delta > 1
?
That is incorrect
If delta > 1, it’s like saying let the maximum x values be atleast further than a distance of 1 away from 2, which includes rlly large and rlly small (negative) x
While the left inequality says that 1/|x| < 1 imply a the function is bounded between -1 and 1
This ofc doesn’t follow if x can be rlly rlly big or small, since it lets the functions value vary a lot
This will work, with some additional restrictions on delta (which is restricting the x values around 2)
@wanton bison Has your question been resolved?
I could do 0 < |x-2| < 1 then I get 1 < x < 3 and because of that 1/|x| < 1
Mb, I thought u mean delta > 1
huh
Yh, delta < 1 works pretty well
.
that's my question now
I think u mean delta < 1?
Um
Well, this much is right tbh
bacc
Um lol
Why do I have to approach from x < 1
why not bount it between 1 and 3 nicely
or even 1.9 and 2.1
You can
This won’t work
This will
ok
Remember, ur x values are around 2
now my problem is idk how to formulate it properly with delta
So delta is just some region around 2
Think of them as a collection of potential inputs
Now you’ve got some epsilon, a distance from which you can deviate from 1/2
I thought delta was a function of epsilon 
It is, but let’s fix epsilon for a second
ok
You’ve got a delta, which you know, for the current epsilon
Then, a mega useful fact is that, by fixing this delta to be the biggest value delta can take, you only need to consider smaller epsilon
so now i fix delta too?
This is important because of the inequality |2-x||2x| in ur original solution
Yes, to be small enough, such that this inequality always holds
So lemme ask, what x values is it for which the inequality |2-x/2x| < |2-x| holds?
In ur original sol
x > 1/2
This is great, since a local region around x = 2 can be a subset of x > 1/2
Thus allowing complete use of the inequality
So
Say delta is at most 1
1.5 < x < 2.5
how do you say delta is at most 1
that kinda makes sense
So I am choosing a cool interval and then gotta figure what delta would be?
This is exactly it
Choose a local region around ur limit point
Which plays nice
Then search for delta
1.5 = 2-0.5 < x < 2+0.5 = 2.5
then for this to hold delta < 0.5
Yep
cool
oh
i am honest i watched a video previously where someone did something similar
uhm
i guess if epsilon is greater than 0.5 we pick 0.5 so that somehow our proof is valid 😂
Ig lol
Yes, but we know epsilon = delta works where the inequality holds
So if epsilon = 0.5
Delta = 0.5 works
Based of ur inequality sol
Yep
but what'S the point of saying for all epsilon > 0 then just for me to say idc i take a lower value regardless
What’s key is the if delta works for epsilon = k then it also works for any epsilon > k
It’s more of a defining property rlly
Ofc
It doesn’t rlly matter what happens over the entire domain
But just a local region
i thought when we say for all epsilon, you can choose any epsilon regardless what and it will work
Like, what does the asymptote at x=0 say abt the limit at x=2
It will, but extending the delta that works in a local region works over the entire domain
Cus epsilon is only getting bigger
Actually
It’s easier to say that we cld literally restrict the domain
To be anything, as long as it is a region around our limiting point
Btw, have u seen graphical interpretations of limits?
It makes it a lot easier to visualise the distances epsilon and delta represent
why would you do that
All inputs in delta will still be mapped to a region within the epsilon
What I mean to say, a smaller delta wld work for the same epsilon
ok
And similarly, fix the delta, and let epsilon grow bigger
if epsilon grows bigger would I not go away from the limit?
No, the limit is the centre of the epsilon region
The boundaries tend away
But we are simply giving a bigger net to catch the outputs from delta
But they already fit into the smaller epsilon
So trivially they fit into the bigger epsilon
So I wanna find a suitable interval of x.
For that I must choose delta wisely, like we did.
And then I have to make sure, no matter for the choice of epsilon, delta doesn't exceed its boundaries, so that then my interval for x holds, so the proof holds
Yes, it’s probably the most important ‘trick’ to these problems
min{epsilon/(who cares), 0.5}
my problem is then to understand, why that is then a proof in the first place lol
Why would it not be a proof?
because we are making epsilon look useless with that minimum trick
or rather redundant
Well, it’s just how it was defined tbh
I suppose a local region
Is up to us to decide and implement
But tbh
I mean okay, "for all epsilon > 0"
You can choose any epsilon, and if it don't suits I take an appropriate delta anyway.
I broke no rules, and you chose still epsilon, so nobody violated anything
ah
In fact
If I asked u the same problem
But said, the domain is {x: x > 1/2}
Then ur range is limited to {y: y <2}
Then the maximum epsilon that should be considered is epsilon = 1/2
Any larger, and your out of the range of the function
So 0 < epsilon < 1/2 would be what ur proving on
it's kinda weird that epsilon has to do with y but is treated like x
oh wait
is it
Ye, the picture comes to mind for me to distinguish
Yep
then it must follow that the distance of |a-delta| gets smaller
a-delta is the lower point of the boundary
|a-delta| is it’s distance from 0
If it gets closer to 0, away from the limit point, the delta is getting bigger
Ahh
It seems you’ve interpreted |a-delta| as the distance of the region
yes
ah ok
Then a - delta, is like travelling from the limit point a a distance delta
To the boundary of the region
so what i mean to say is if epsilon decreases then so does delta
i am just trying to gain intuition on whats happening during that proof
and what i am showing
Then a change from epsilon = 1000 to epsilon = 100 doesn’t mean much
I am showing 0 < |x-a| < delta implies |f(x)-L| < epsilon
Yes
so if i bound the region i approach then it follows that my limit is also bounded?
You mean to say delta is bounded?
no, how, if delta is a bound itself and varies
A bound on regions around, say x=2, in this instance?
Such as delta being 0.5 is the bound
Ok yh I see what u mean
so we wanna show that if we restrict x, that the f(x) is within some arbitrary interval
and if we can do this arbitrarily then f(x) will always be bounded and thus be approached
For any arbitrary epsilon yes
weird idea
Why analysis is touted to be super hard tbh
i always thought as a->0 so does b->0
So, I sps to be clear, we do think of delta as some function of epsilon
But that’s more for working out a value of delta that works for given epsilon, so we know it exists
aH
But, there are lots of deltas that work for any epsilon
If u no delta = d works, then delta < d works as well
For any 0 < delta < d
we choose epsilon now we gotta always find a delta so that we find an interval that is for some reason sufficient
Yes, it’s abt finding a sufficient interval that we know for sure works
integral haha
And this is usually done by finding delta = f(epsilon)
Where f is some random function
damn how do i find this delta then
Ofc, we use inequalities to prove some specific function of delta in terms of epsilon works
As ur original solution, delta = epsilon was one such function
Ofc, that’s why delta = epsilon can’t be your final answer
It’s just something that works for small epsilon
Yh
I’d say if epsilon is not small then it doesn’t matter
Cus we can make it work for small epsilon
so i simply say min of epsilon and 1/2
Yh
I don’t think that works lol
Well
this is as genius as min
Yh, the min function works very well, and now it certainly works
So again if delta is set to 1/2 or smaller than i am within that interval of x
for which that estimation works
2-delta = 1.5 < x < 2.5 = 2+delta
It’s not a mistake
What you’ll find is for small epsilon, th 2-delta < x < 2+ delta gets closer and closer to 2
But for large epsilon, the interval is immediately set to 1.5 < x < 2.5
When I say small epsilon, I talk abt epsilon < 0.5, where where change the choice of argument in our min function
Yes, just alpha needs to be bigger than 1
i realized it should been delta * alpha too
hmm why
Not sure why u introduced it tbh, but making it rlly small (close to 0), makes epsilon/alpha rlly big
So ur min function cld end up choosing 1/2, even when epsilon is smaller than 1/2
And ur proof doesn’t facilitate this
yea i know, i was trying to experiment
i wanted to see if it matters
cause of the min function
The usual way of represent the variety of deltas is to say delta < min(..), instead of delta = min(…)
Is saying we know the delta = min(…) works
But any delta smaller than it shld also work
ok
damn ok idk what to say
it's not even complicated
it's just weird
well after all it's a definion
and you just trying to use that definition and that's your proof
Yh, that’s abt the size of it
hmm ok
i guess acceptance is the best way to deal with this rn
thank you for your time, i appreciate it
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Cool, start analysis
too bad i had analysis 1,2 and 3
guess this then real analysis
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I don't get how you can make a line between A and B, because A and B is on the same y axis how can there be a Perpendicular Bisector
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Is your problem that the bisector of AB is vertical and thus not a function?
Yea, Im wondering how to get the edge even if its vertical
Oh ok, but the thing is geogebra shows me something diffrent so i wasent sure
Idk how Geogebra works but this is definitely wrong
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hey how are you? do you remember me ?
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this circle is the D area, I dont understand this step
x = rcos(theta)+1
y = rsin(theta)+1
r(sin(theta)+cos(theta))
if you integrate over a circle meaning 0 to 2pi then that will be 0
cause cosine and sine are periodic
so you remain with 2
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Hello, I’m a high schooler. Can someone help me solve this?
note some restrictions first
icannotdoanymorecauchy
dont do this
This is a restriction right?
yes
or |x| >= 1
i would suggest doing this by cases
ie, when x is positive or negative
since |x| >=1
analyse when x is <= -1
and when x is >=1
I think I did something wrong (the book says that the answer should be x<=-1 V 1 < x < 5/3
,rccw
Yea sorry I was distracted
all good
What mistakes did I make @lyric dust?
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Hello, I’m a high schooler. Can anyone help me with this?
well where have you gotten so far
I keep calculating the wrong result
the book says the answer should be x<=-1 V 1 < x < 5/3
the thing is you cant just square both sides
cause the equality might flip
for example think about x=-10
I have i difficulties reading your writing. Can you tell me the domain of sqrt(x^2-1)?
@clear current
he wrote that part correctly x <= -1 or x >= 1
Ok and the quadratic equation gave u which results?
Did u get 1 and 5/3? I can’t read
he got -1, and -5/3
That looks like a mistake
Why?
What is your quadratic?
My quadratic equation you mean?
Yes write here
-3x^2+8x-5>0
$-3(-1)^2+8(-1)-5=-3-8-5=-16$
Samuel
-1 is not a solution
-5/3 is neither a solution
U made a mistake in your manipulation
But I can’t ready your writing you you better do it again
parm
you cannot just square both sides at this step
What is the issue now? I can’t see
?
parm
That doesn’t make sense
x^2=|x|^2 over real numbers @clear current
I think you are getting confused with the definition of absolute value
nevermind im stupid
Looks good unless i am not seeing the obvious
Thank you so much for your help!!!
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Hello friends,
I'm not sure to understand how to go from there to there (see pic).
I feel like I'm missing some steps or summation formulae. Someone can elaborate for me?
I understand how to go from the summation to n(n-1)/2. But not the step before.
it is like a change of variable
like n-1-i = k
How can you assume such thing?
I kinda see it's like a change of variable, but I feel there is something more.
we can assume that to be anything provided we change the bounds according to that
Not sure to understand.
what do you expect by "something more" ?
I think I would do stuffs like
summation of n - summation of 1 - summation of i
And hten use some properties of the summations.
Wait there is an another way?
I'm talking about what's on your screenshot, it's the other way
Yes.
But I mean, how can you just "skip" to the end.
I feel like we are totally changing the whole equation if we skip to the summation I'm having issue.
cause they're clever in their change of variables
it's just summing in reverse here really
Yeah. In the first sum they count from n - 1 and down by a different i each term, in the next they count up.
The first sum is (n - 1 - 0) + (n - 1 - 1) + (n - 1 - 2) + … + 3 + 2 + 1 and the next sum is 1 + 2 + 3 + … + (n - 3) + (n - 2) + (n - 1). For finite sums the order doesn't matter, so they are the same.
Jus tto be sure, you would have to "calculate some values" to see if it does count down and seea pattern?
Or should this be that obvious? 😄
if you just wanna check that someone didn't fuck up, then yeah just compare what is being summed in the two cases
It gets obvious with practice.
Ah I see!
as to why they did the change of variables, it's cause they didn't wanna deal with that n-1-i or something
Yeah I totally understand now
In this case it should be obvious that the first sum counts down by 1 with each term and the second counts up by 1 each term. Then the thing you just need to check is if it starts and ends the correct place.
I did not see that it was a countdown.
but here the sum is quite simple, the "just distribute everything" way is completely viable
Yeah. So basically, either I use properties, or see if there is a simplier form of summation.
And to do the convertion, I need to calculate hand by hand the summation.
Just to be sure.
yeah if you're unsure just check manually
Perfecto, thank again aPlatypus and mikkel 🙂
Whenever in doubt, just write out a few terms until a pattern catches on for you.
Yeah makes sense.
And I should see both ends jus tot be sure, right?
Like i = 0 and i = n-2

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Hi all. I'm working on this problem from a mathematical methods book (couldn't find the solutions anywhere online).
My first idea was to solve it similar to how you would a system of linear first orders (ie. differentiate the top equation and substitute in values from the second) but then expanding that out seems to give an unforgiving amount of algebra
Is there a neat way to solve this question?
Fiery
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<@&286206848099549185> I would really appreciate any help with this
nope. unforgiving amount of algebra is the way to go
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not sure how to start this question
i dont know limits very well
but can we say that x = sinx?
then subsititue all the sinx as x
sin(sinx) = sinx = x
@manic nymph
You can use LHopital
This also works as sinx tends to x when x tends to 0
Nevermind you arent allowed to
okay i will try that
ohh thnx
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how do i solve the tree diagram
Balls
im kind of stuck if not white would be n-3/3
Hello
Hiii
Are you sure?
im not
