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Hey guys, can someone explain why -log(x) is the same as log(1/x). I don't understand the Theory behind this.
so in this case it is log(x)^-1 is log(1/x). I just don't understand why the - sign is removed...
But why does the - before the log(H3O+) dissapear?
they used a roundabout way of doing this using the quotient rule
i just don't understand how they go from -log(H30+) to log(1) - log(H3O+) to log(1/H3O+)
$\textbf{method 1:}$ \
applying power law: \
$-\log(k) = \log(k^{-1})$ \
applying exponent law: \
$=\log\br{\frac1k}$ \
\
$\textbf{method 2: (their work)}$ \
using $\log(1) = 0$ \
$-\log(k) = \log(1) - \log(k)$ \
applying quotient law \
$=\log\br{\frac1k}$
ℝamonov
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Can someone help me solve this question using a diagram ?
have you tried to draw a diagram?
I have
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
do you understand what choice A is saying?
Yes
is it true?
no
then do we know A to be true?
no it is false
so then A is not one of the correct choices
yes
the answer is E but how
all what
yes
are some of those red?
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-epsilon + 3 < 6/x < epsilon + 3
If I reciprocal this do I flip the inequality signs?
I am trying to prove a limit btw using epsilon delta for practice
oh, so i guess i can't help
why
but btw is x just any rational number or a positive integer?
because if x is a fraction, tre reciprocal would get proportionally bigger as the value of x approaches 0
when you have a<b and you take the reciprocal the sign ONLY changes if both are positive or both are negative
easy example is -1<1
you wont flip the sign if u take recip
considering your ε will be small 3-ε is positive so u can take recip and change the signs
but note it s not true for every ε anymore
damn
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prove that A is irrational
i've simplified until 15^n * 8
and factorized as 3^n * 5^n * 2^3
stuck now
@river minnow
you basically have to prove that it isn't a perfect square
I mean you are basically done
Even if n is even, then A is 3^(n/2) * 5^(n/2) * 2 * sqrt(2)
And sqrt(2) is irrational
Btw the expression under the root not being a perfect square does not imply the root is irrational
E.g. the square root of 4/9 is 2/3
But the thing is that for odd n you would need to prove that sqrt(30) is irrational 
Got any tools that could speed up the rigorous process of that? Like having proven that square root of an integer that is not a perfect square is always irrational
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Hey I was wondering if somebody could help me through this weird shell method question?.. I've finally got a grasp for it, but this one is def unique
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what happens to rotational motion if the radius is 0
if radius is 0, the object is essentially a point mass, and there's nothing you can physically rotate around, so no rotation can occur in those circumstances
but all real life objects have a finite size and cannot be reduced to what mathematics consider a point
alr
i have another quesiton
compare the Fn between something that has 0 raidus and some thing that has a raidus R
radius*
i would o
do
Fn-Fg=mv^2/r right
but Fn=Fg so its
0=mv^2/r
i cant compare the Fn then because its 0
idk what to do
what is Fn?
mv^2 / r is an expression for centripetal force, I'm not sure how you're using it here
wym
the original question is.
a plane has radius R spins with an angular velocity omega(w) about an axis through the North Pole.
what is the ratio of normal force experienced by a person at the equator to that experienced by a person at the north pole? Assume a constant gravitaional field(g) and tha both people are stationary relative to theplanet and are at sea levle. Express your answer in terms of R,w,andg
i drew a diagram
but idk how to set the equations
okay...how does zero radius have anything to do with this?
what makes you use r = 0?
because at equator there is no radius
just noticed this sounds like an xy problem
an axis through the north pole...and equator is at a very certain radius around that axis (aka around the earth)
to me, this sounds like you have to determine angular velocity of the Earth (rotation, not revolution, in other words, the spinning of earth around its own axis, not around the sun) from the given data about that plane, and then calculate the ratio of normal forces
omega = R/T, where T = 1 day
correct me if I'm wrong please
this is a mathematics server and I'm not pro in physics, but centripetal / centrifugal forces do relate to normal force, if you can imagine a bowl full of water, normal force on the edges when bowl is stationary is smaller than if the bowl is spinning in a circle (where water presses the inside of the bowl) so normal force increases by 3rd newton law
ok thank you
sorry for not being able to help you much, but what I think is that since the earth is rotating, it's assumed that the person at the north pole doesn't feel any centrifugal force therefore the normal force for a person on the equator is smaller than on the north pole
and for the airplane... (probably, don't take my word for it) it's centrifugal force equals it's gravity force , mg = mv^2/R, so you can get v
however it isn't mentioned if the airplane itself is moving, or it's just floating but affected by earth's gravitational field
I agree it's a bit confusing
you mention planes here
do you refer to mathematical plane as a a flat surface?
why would it have radius zero then in the first place 😛
it's better to just send a photo or a screenshot of that problem because people very often mess things up when copying
,rotate
and okay then it's much easier, since
v = 2 pi R / T
w = 2 pi / T
you get that v = w * r
use that v in the equation for that force
7o1
on the north pole normal force is equal the gravity
while on the equator, there is centrifugal force that is from the planet's center to the space
(it's the same as centripetal but the vector direction is reverse)
ye
this
from these equations you get the relation of v, w and R
(because the problem asks you to express with w and not v)
yea
$\frac{F_{N_{equator}}}{F_{N_{north pole}}} = \frac{\cancel{m} g - \cancel{m} \frac{v^2}{R}}{\cancel{m} g}$
but
you have to use
w
instead of v
in that fraction
i'll leave that to you
also you're welcome
7o1
.close if you don't need anything else
again, there is no centripetal centrifugal force on the north pole so no need to use mv^2/r
it's just Fn = Fg
also the fraction can be simplified to $1 - \frac{v^2}{Rg}$
7o1
v = R * w
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help
what do all of the probabilities have to add up to?
1
welp
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so, where do i start?
i only know how to solve for the 3 main trig ratios, but i havent solved the other 3 before
what can i do?
cos(x + 45) = 1
45 is an angle right?
so would '1' be the 1 period of the unit circle? which is 2pi or 360 degrees
you can write cos (x + 45) = cos (0)
so x + 45 = 0
only in the first quadrant this is valid
but what happened to the 1
cos 0 = 1
for other quadrants you have to take n pi values
wait lemme double check if its n pi
ill go check my unit circle
so is '1' half the unit circle?
so for every 2n pi angles, cos values repear
on the first quadrant, cos = 0
yes
sorry, i meant 3pi/2
ohh because sec is reciprocating it?
see where x = 1 in the whole circle
only at 0
and 360
which is 2 pi radians
so cos 2n pi = 1
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need help simplifying don't know where to start: (((x ∧ y) ∨ z) ∧ (¬x)) ∨ (¬z)
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can someone check this
what theorem would i use for this
i assumed it was SAS bc the two angles where B is are intersecting
so they could be equal
and then two sides are given for both
could be, or are?
could be
are.
it's not shown but because they are intersecting im assuming they are
It's a theorem
You have two sides and an angle between the two sides, implying...
SAS?
Correct
so would this one be ASA?
bc they both share a side and there are two angles?
or would this be AAS?
those two theorems confuse me
It's ASA, the theorems are named descriptively of the situations they apply to.
So ASA is Angle-Side-Angle or one side between two angles.
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I understand the basic concept of a sign chart but idk how to identify those values on it
Ik a local max is going from + to- and a min is - to +
I just dont understand how to use the second deriv chart
Ok so the second derivative shows concavness (if that's how you say it in English)
would you say -4 is a min bc it switches from - to +
No
Ok let's do a little lesson
You have function f
To find its extrema
You want to solve f'(x)=0
The roots of this equation CAN be points of an extrema
To know for sure
You find f''(x)
ohhhhhhhhh wait so -4 is an inflection point right?
Indeed
hmm
is -3 a min
bc it goes negative to positive 2 times
it goes - + +
or wait
-1
not -3
huh
Change in sign in f'(x) but no change in sign in f''(x) --> Extrema
Change in sign in f'(x) and a change in sign in f''(x) --> Inflection
A change in sign in f''(x) --> Inflection
so there are 3 inflection points right? -4, -1, 3
-3 is also an Inflection
by that definition is there no extrema?
Why? 4 is an extrema
bc there are no points where you have a sign change in f'(x) but not f''(x)?
0 is an extrema
Are you sure?
-2 is extrema
3 extrema, 4 inflection
Indeed
Yes
So...
a) -2, 4
b) 0
c) -4, -3, -1, 3
3?
wait
Look again
Not that 3 is extrema and 4 is inflection
The opposite is right
so does this seem good?
(a) Answer: -2, 4
Reason: If the sign changes from "+" to "-", it indicates a local maximum at that point.
(b) Answer: 0
Reason: If the sign changes from "-" to "+", it indicates a local minimum at that point.
(c) Answer: -4, -3, -1, 3
Reason: Look for intervals where the signs of the second derivative change. If the sign changes from "-" to "+", or from "+" to "-", it indicates an inflection point at that point.
I would add in the extrema explanations "and there is no change in sign in the second derivative"
Because by "If the sign changes from "-" to "+", it indicates a local minimum at that point", -4 is a minima, which is not true
@wet tendon I have one more question I am confused on as it feels like a trick question
f'(x) = -8/x^3
Setting f'(x) = 0 gives:
-8/x^3 = 0
8/x^3 = 0
x = 0
Obviously 0 cant be a critical point because the domain is x>0
what do I do here?
anyone that can help?
Redo the derivative
Not quite true
Possible derivation:
d/dx(4/x^2)
Factor out constants:
= 4 (d/dx(1/x^2))
Use the power rule, d/dx(x^n) = n x^(n - 1), where n = -2.
d/dx(1/x^2) = d/dx(x^(-2)) = -2 x^(-3):
= 4 -2/x^3
Simplify the expression:
Answer: |
| = -8/x^3
@lunar hearth
Idk what more to do
even wolfram alpha says no roots exist
Oh hello there
Well can you find the derivative of f(x)?
huh?
You pinged me
?
Well, how are you gonna find the critical points of f(x) without finding its derivative?
I did
here
here
You forgot something really small
You found the derivative of 4/x^2
But f(x) is (4/x^2)+x
omfg
Yea it's really pissing off when you miss stupid little details
The wording is very interesting
It says "points" like there are more than 1, but there is only one
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What step are you on?
1. I don't know where to begin
2. I have begun but got stuck midway
3. I got an answer but I'm told it's wrong
4. I got an answer and would like my work checked
5. I have a question about someone else's worked solution
6. None of the above
@silk ibex Has your question been resolved?
@silk ibex Has your question been resolved?
bruv its easy
u see
similar
no
dw
wait what
why doe they delete msgs with restarted in it
dang
idk
it gets auto delted
alr anyways
on to question
okay
so
u know differnce between similar and congruent right?
yes
u can tell circles are similar or no?
okay so if we go according to definition
yes ik
they asked a fking paragraph
ur teachers the resterted one here
yea
so
now
if we go accorsing to definiton of similar cicrles
or similar figures
then similar figures are the figures which have the same / similar shape
yes
btu not necesarrily similar siize
here
we can see
both the figures have the same shape
i.e a circle
and all circles are similar
they are similar because
nah
here
u go
ezz
dw
no wait
u might not understand that
just write how the ratio between the circumference and radius
is constant for all circles
thus all the cricles are simila
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it says here, that there are similar formulas that can be obtained. If I for example want to create a formula for the left endpoint, how would that look?
[a, b] is the interval
n is the number of sub-intervals in the interval
would that just be switching the sign of a?
like turning it from +a to -a
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idk how to start this
@boreal path Has your question been resolved?
<@&286206848099549185>
(a) is just asking you, how many sets of 3 points can you select from the 5 points
order of the points doesn't matter
@boreal path
5c3 ?
yes
now (b)
in order to form a triangle, you need 3 vertices (points)
but you will notice that not all sets 3 points can create a triangle
so its not just the number of ways to choose 3 points
that’s what i was struggling with
so what do the points have to satisfy in order for you to be able to form a triangle with them?
hint: is has to do with collinearity
if you choose 3 collinear points, can they make up a triangle? @boreal path
no
i wrote that down
but i didn’t know how to go from there
to be honest i forgot about this question
so if the 3 points are not collinear
can they make up a triangle
@flat whale ? 
is that a warning triangle or a
type of thing
making me nervous here
No warning. Just a triangle
ok
@boreal path Has your question been resolved?
ok so find the number of ways to choose 3 points, such that they are NOT collinear
that will give you the number of triangles
"one collinear"?
do u know what collinear means
you can only talk about "collinear" when its at least 3 points
that means they lie on the same line
all 3 of them
why not two
two points always lie on the line connecting them
you just need the number of sets of 3 points, such that they are NOT collinear
no
you already calculated the number of sets where they ARE collinear
its just 5C3
because any other 3 points will NOT be collinear
the only sets of 3 points that are collinear are those that come ONLY from the 5 mentioned points
if you take any point thats not in those 5 points, you already know it will NOT be collinear with any other 2 points
yes
well@five points are not collinear
and i guess maybe you can say two of the 5 points they mentioned count as well ??
7c3?
no
is it just also 5c3
the 5 red points are collinear
any other 3 points, that aren't all red, are NOT collinear
so i can make a triangle with two red and one black
ok
thats not all though
there's a much easier way to solve this using the result from part (a)
10c3-5c3
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i have to write a two column to prove something. Attached is the image of the question. I have figured out how AD and BC are congruent but dont understand how to make AB and Dc congruent and by what postulates and theorems, pelase help
please help anyone
What’s an isosceles trapezoid
I’m asking you
Yes
basically a trapezoid where the base angles are congruent or equal
they are parallel i believe not the same size
and the legs are congruent i believe
Ok now given the information that AE = AD
And from this we have AE = BC
What could you conclude about the angles of triangle AED and the angles of ABCD
??
angle EDA is congruent to angle DCB i suppose?
angle EAD is equal to angle ABC maybe?
thats what i can conclude
EAD and ABC aren’t equal
oh ok
Parallelograms just need parallel lines
Or same angles
The length just pops out I think you don’t need to mention it here
Just show that the opposite angles are the same is sufficient to call ABCD a parallelogram
(Since 1 set is already parallel)
Well
That’s why we want to consider the triangle
.
Let’s start with triangle AED
What do you notice about it?
it has three sides.....
ad and ae are congruent
points e and d are also congruient
That makes it a triangle
What kind of triangle does this make it?
isoceles triangle
Points can’t be congruent
If they were congruent they would be the same point
ye sry mb
What do we know about isosceles triangles?
What’s special about them besides 2 equal side lengths
the angles opposite to the two sides are equal/
And what else do we know about AED
is congruent to ADC
corresponding agles?
They are absolutely not congruent
ok then waht can we notice?
Well
What is a isosceles trapezoid
What was the thing I picked out from the list of properties you wrote
oh its congruent to BCE?
Then by the properties of isosceles trapezoids, ADE = AEC (E and C lie on the same line)
Then what do we know about angle DAB
We need to show DAB = BCD
Because that restricts the shape to be a parallelogram
How?
AEC = BCE
That’s because AED is isosceles
Now we say AED = AEC
Because D and C lie on the same line
what theorem or postulate is that?
||by definition every isosceles trapezoid has one pair of parallel sides. In this case that pair is AB and CD, and since you know AD and BC are parallel you're done.||
Oh you only said you know AD and BC are congruent not parallel
ye
use angles
what is the relation between angles AEC and BCE? How about angles AED and ADE
I have no idea what people call these stuff
I would just say they lie on the same point but maybe someone knows
it doesnt make sense either way that AED and AEC
What do you mean it doesn’t make sense
like how can they remotely even be equal
it doesnt make sense there lengths would be compeltely different
OH SHIT YEA
oof mb for bad language
i wasnt looking at that that was oof i get it now
ADE = AED
AED = AEC
now what?
Here
AB//CE
with this we have AD//BC
thats already true
i need a way to prove AB is congruent to DC
or the opposite angles are congruent
ye
Sry I’m kinda at work atm so I kinda just pop in when I got some free time
@south mango Has your question been resolved?
Yes but why
Yeah
So the opposite angles are the same
And you have a pair of parallel lines
So it’s a parallelogram
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hi
i think i read the info right
i need help with a trig problem. im not sure what to do to solve it
basically, i have all sides and idk how to get angle A and B
with trig btw^
trig func
use the appropriate inverse trig function
Do you know what inverse trig functions are
okay
but since i have no angles how am i supposed to apply that
if i just do arcsin(6/11) then i get a number below 0
i mean less than 1
are you in radians mode?
no im in degree. i also tried radian mode and it still didnt work
,w arcsin(6/11) in degrees
,w arcsin(6/11)
You dont need an angle to evaluate another angle, you are already given length of all sides of the triangle
can you show what you're putting into your calc
lemme try putting my calc in degree again first
This is what typically one would do if it wasnt a right triangle
ok so now its working 💀 idk why it didnt in the first place but for angle A i got 33.05 deg
(Must be given all side lengths though)
is 33.05 correct ?
sounds about right
ill check it rn
,W arcsin(6/11)*180/pi
Its close to 45° so i'd say so
round properly though
,calc asin(6/11) * 180 / pi
Result:
33.055731150854
.close
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How do I reconcile this into one expression? The correct answer is x>1 only
This is a pretty simple doubt tbh
x>1>-3 maybe
But I don't get it
,rotate
but you wanted to combine to two inequalities right?
Yes but in a way that it gives x>1 somehow
just put x>1 or x>1>-3 i guess
But that according to basically all math calculators is untrue.
Only x>1 is the real answer
x>1 is the simplest answer
No it is the only answer
on the first part instead of removing x from both sides you should add 3 to each side so you will get x<x+4. you multiply by 2 to make 2x<2x+4 and add them toghether and get 2x+4>2x>2. divide by 2 and you get the final answer of x+4>x>1
sorry for the wall of text
Yes but that still doesn't conclude x>1 as the only answer
it does?
How?
x+4>x could easily be written as just x
It still ends with True. How can it be written as x
as the inequality say x+1 > |x-3| , this condition is statisfied for the region x>1
you already solved the problem dude the answer is x>1
Look at inequality, it is asking what will be value of x for which the inequality is TRUE
What about the true part? Doesn't that imply that all values of x will be true?
no, The inequality will be TRUE for x>1 and wil be False for other values of x
it means that -3 is less than 1
can you elaborate your question
It doesn't imply on x then?
This means that all real x satisfies
So how do we reconcile that?
@coarse gust Has your question been resolved?
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Let f(x)=x^4+x^3-3x^2+x+2. Show that the polynomial (f(x))^n has at least 1 negative coefficient for all n.
my only ideas are
: a graph of a func with only pos coeffs is strcitly inc on the pos side
I've only thought about this for all of 5 seconds, but the first thing I would try is probably to separate out the -3x^2 and the rest of the polynomial then apply the binomial theorem and see what happens.
Oh
i think that leads to lots of interference
x^n > 0 if x > 0 
i like this idea
this is a great idea
are graphing calculators allowed, this seems like a competition question
Moni let me take over, thanks…
ok go ahead, what's your idea
2 sec
show that positive coefficients add up to more than f(1)^n?
not provided
my friend just sent me that
i think if 0<x<1 then -3x^2+x+2 > 0 (as x^2 < x < 1)
3x^2 = x^2 + x^2 + x^2 < x + 1 + 1
Okay, if this statement is correct, then I got the solution
no i get this im asking how does it contribute
send it out
well
hint me through the way if you insist
and it has to be correct because like
theres nothing to be negative about
oh, strictly increasing, not strictly positive 
literally everything is adding on nothings taking away
f(x)=(x^4-3x^2+2)+(x^3+x)
=(x^2-2)(x^2-1)+(x+1)(x^2-x+1)
I mustve done something wrong, this implies x=-1 is a root but its not
product rule works out so that showing the derivative of f(x) is negative at any point x>0 works?
Oh im stupid
i've been trying to find the roots of f' with no success
4x^3 + 3x^2 - 6x + 1
f(x)=(x^2-2)(x^2-1)+(x)(x^2+1)
Hmmm
x=1/2 works
yeah it would help if i had written down 4x^3 instead of x^3
guys the question asking to prove that there must be a negative coefficient, not a negative value
right
but this should work because
if we find a neg value
then there has to be a neg coeff
hm
so i was using this, you said strictly inc
not just strictly positive
so we show (f(x)^n)' < 0 at some point, x>0
i graphed and I think its not
if there are only positive coefficients on any f(x)^n then it's strictly increasing on positive values
which means that f(x) is increasing for all positive values (all exponents are monotonic)
which means that f ' (x) > 0
so if we show that f ' (x) < 0 at some point then 
Parabola shaped but with two bowls?
Okay, if you have all positive coefficients, then the derivative will also have all positive coefficients, which means it will be strictly increasing for x>0
let her think lol
why are you assuming its for all n?
!nosols
As a helper, please do not give out answers that could be copied as a homework solution. Have the student work through the problem themselves and guide them along the way.
oh i thought we already were at that point? i saw people talking about derivatives
didnt expect we had to use calculus
idk i also recently joined, but aren't you supposed to assume its false for SOME n
if you want to prove by contradiction
I didn't say choose, but saying that it's not all positive coefficients for ALL n doesn't imply anything
this I mean
That's not what we're doing
i'd have said all if i meant all
You can try to apply contradiction inductively. Suppose it isn't true for n=2, then contradiction. Then n=3, then contradiction. This isn't the way its generally done, but in this case you'll see why it will hold for general n. In short, it's heuristic, and also handwavy
ok 🗿
not even induction really
Hand wavy
just a proof by contradiction that it doesn't work for n, where we assume n is some arbitrary natural
or you mean like
eh nvm idk
I meant get your hands dirty with n=2, n=3 and you'll see why it holds for all n. Yeah, this is stupid. The idea works directly for any n. Really bad choice of words from me
isnt that a good solution
yes it works
showing that the derivative is negative between 0 < x < 1
moni how did u even think of that lol
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Can someone help with this question
Let z = ax+by+c contain the line x = 1+5t, y=1+4t, z=1+t and is perpendicular to the plane x+2y-z + 1 = 0. Write the value of b
finding which "direction" the plane is pointed in is always helpful for problems like these
so, can you find 2 vectors which are "contained" in the plane
I have three equations that i arrived at
One was
1=a+b+c since the plane contains the point (1,1,1)
The other was 1-5a-4b=0
did you get this by plugging in another point?
And the last one was (-a, - b, 1)*(1, 2, - 1)
oh i see
No, since the plane contains the given line, the direction ratios multiplied by the plane direction ratios resulted in zero
i think you may be missing the c component though
I got three equations, three variables. I don't think i may be missing the c component
Am i missing something?
@limber wedge Has your question been resolved?
Of the line? Yes
and taking the dot product with <a,b,c> is supposed to yield 0?
Yes
Your equation does not represent that
Oh
Isn't the direction ratios of the plane (-a, - b, 1). Taking the dot product with (5, 4, 1) gives the equation - 5a-4b+1=0?
Maybe I don't know what it meant by "direction ratio of the plane" but that doesn't seem right
And I don't know what the vector (-a, -b, 1) has to do with the plane
It doesn't point in a direction of the plane and it doesn't point normal to the plane either
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What’s the formula for covariance?
I’m sorry, i can’t go through each calculation
If you know excel, you can find it easily
or check if there is a covariance calculator online
@peak yacht Has your question been resolved?
Most applications like excel implement two versions of variance/covariance depending on if you need a finite population correction factor or not. You can't just blindly throw equations into a program without reading it's documentation.
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