#help-10
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does anyone know how to solve this one?
what is cot?
what have u tried @humble dagger
co tangent
which is?
not necessarily, how could you express cot in some other way?
derivative of cot is -csc^2
the professor doesn’t cover material too well in class
how could express cot(x) in terms of sin(x) and cos(x)
cos(x)/sin(x)
what rule could you use to solve the derivate of that
are you given a formula sheet at all for exams?
@limpid oar why would u even turn to sin and cos if they know this
no need for quotient rule
i somehow completely missed that lol, i asked for the formula sheet just in case they were already given derivate of cot and thought this excercise was to practice for rules
my bad @humble dagger ! may have given you a bit more extra work to do haha
@humble dagger Has your question been resolved?
if you have the derivative of cot(x) = -cosc^2,
and you have cot(x)^2 what rule could you use to differentiate that
power rule?
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is this an arithmetic or geometric series?
you can use a sereis to help you find the next term
or you can count
,w arithmetic series
I dunno what you're doing
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Heya, so i tried the integral of $sin^4(x)$ and was off by a bit, Answer from wolfram alpha is $$\frac{sin(4x)-8sin(2x)+12x}{32}$$
Hemesfere
I think you lost a *2 in line 4 -> 5 but you shouldve just used product-to-sum or power reduction in the first place
Idk how to do it in any other way tbh
Ah yes, cuz its 2×e.. and e..×2
Ty
Reduction or p2s formulae
I would've thought you'd learn that well before this
Im learning integral techniques from yt videos so the teaching isn't exactly orthodox😭
Idk either of these rip
Ah I see I see, impressive work then
Would make your life easier I promise 🙏
I think it's a rlly nice substitution tho cuz i rlly dislike trig identities😭
But ig it wouldn't work for stuff like tan or sec cuz that's division
Ill look into them ty
You made your calculation more error prone by not structuring it like you would in the binomial theorem
Write down (e^ix - e^-ix)^4 and make sure your first step is such that you get the 1 4 6 4 1 coefficients in your next step before simplifying.
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so i don't get how i should find the domain of the graph
What is the definition of domain?
its the input
Right, what do you think the domain is then?
First, what are the smallest and largest x-values?
Yes. Are those inclusive?
no?
oh
Yeah.
Now, let's check for its continuity. Is it everywhere continuous?
On it's domain
Like are there any breaks?
Or discontinuities?
there aren't
Yeah. So what do you think the domain would be?
im kinda new to this, so uhm i was wondering if you could explain?
Right. We know that it is continuous, right?
yes
on it's domain
And, the end points are inclusive.
So, we would use the notation [-8,9] to denote it's domain.
Note that there are two types of brackets
[] and ()
() is used when we are not including that point
For example, if it was (-8,9) then we are not including x=-8 and x=9.
But [] means that we include x=-8 and x=9.
ohh, thank you
np.
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Good luck!
@hybrid mortar
Please close the channel.
Thanks a lot!
Close it if you don't have any more questions 🙂
.close
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sorry
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what do u need help with
@true trail Has your question been resolved?
@tender tusk
oh yo
aight notice how -6i-8j is in the third quadrant
$\cos(\theta)=-\frac{3}{5}$ as cos is negative in the third quadrant
Galaxy
hence $\theta=\arccos(-\frac{3}{5})$
Galaxy
.
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is y = 3e^-x
?
if so then you have
3*e^-x = 0
clearly from there you have
e^-x = 0
now look at that carefully and think
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!help
To ask for mathematics help on this server, please open your own help channel or help thread. See #❓how-to-get-help for instructions.
@austere sleet Has your question been resolved?
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Hi i have the following pproblem which i have to describe as i dont know the name.
i want a formula which converts a slope degree to a speed multiplier.
the values look like this:
-45 = 2
0 = 1
45 = 0.5
it has to be linear
is this a linear equation?
Well it's increasing
and actually the formula of linear is
mx+b
Where m = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
Where x2, y2 is poins that are more right
b=1 ig or put x and y and m to find
maybe what i need isnt a linear equation?
im very bad with higher math stuff tbh
Its for my game project and mapping every value pair would be a real pain.
So im trying to find out if there is a methematical solution to my problem.
But it also seems like i completly missunderstood what linear equations are 😅
I tried
oh let me try this out
i tried x/90 + 1
well but now 45=1.5 and -45=0.5
but 45 should be 0.5 and -45 should be 2
What?
Here
You literally said
-45 is 0,5
0 is 1
45 is 2
Maybe just put -
Ok one sec
Hm
Strange
I tries -x/90 +1
And it's
-45 1,5
0 1
45 0,5
Okay
It's strange
I think it's not linear
Or
It's piecewise function
And it's the combination of two functions
We can say that it's combination of linear functions
But when second function is less than 0
Oh wow thats strange.
How to handle something like this?
Idk it's exactly like that
Like points are the same
But to write it as one function
I don't know
Don't have such a knowledge
i dont know if its even possible, maybe i should first check the input value and branch then
It's possible if it's piecewise function
Actually we can express any shit graph as some function
i found something about unit step functions
Which you may use to find a function identical to
1 on an interval of the form (a,b) and 0 elsewhere:
i dont get that...
im a programmer
I think that the way im doing it, looks about right to me
the output of >= 0 seems fine, but < 0 looks wrong
output is at the top left its always angle followed by speed modifier
@solemn bough Has your question been resolved?
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how do i elimate t to make the function nice to graph x= cos(t)+1 , y=sin(t)-1
isolate t in each equation
im trying to sketch the vector function r(t) = (cos(t)+1)i + (sin(t)-1)j
ye but how do i do that without making it hard to graph
x-1=cost
y+1=sint
So…
yea you just square both sides and add the equations
🔠
What does this mean?
its the first 4 letters of the english alphabet
Always be clearin doubts
Means like question resolved
i be doubting
We all be
not atm
Ty
@pine glacier Has your question been resolved?
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Can someone help me with this?
Multiple channels?
the other one is technically closed
Sorry I’m new to this
what is the maximum value of sin(k)?
so it is possible for sin(k) to = 3?
can you think of a number k that makes sin(k) = 3?
,w graph sin(x)
wdym + 3
Wait sorry
Right so it can’t equal 3 right for any real number
yes
if you want it to be 3
you must multiply sin(x) by a number
if the maximum value (or amplitude) of sin (x) is 1, then multiplying sin(x) by what will make the amplitude 3
You multiply sin x by 3 to make it 3sin(x)
notice, if you have 3sin(kx), the frequency of the wave will depend on k
every time kx increase by 2pi is one cycle, right?
Right
ok
so lets say k = 50
a small value of x will be required to make kx increase by 2pi
so the frequency will be higher
,w graph 3sin(50x)
,w graph (3sin(50x)) 0<x<2pi
likewise, we can shift the wave left or right
do you know how to shift a function left or right?
lets say there is a function f(x)
do you know how to shift f(x) left or right?
And left it’s f(x+a) for left
correct
so the general equation for a wave is given by
$A\sin(bx + c)+k$
A denotes the amplitude
well
one sec
hrdxpqurcxktdbanql
A denots the amplitude
b represents the angular frequency (not frequency, that is different), c is the shift left or right, and k is the shift up or down
From the picture it is clear A = 3
Is the function shifted at all left or right?
Left
ok how far left
I believe it’s 8 which is why I did x+8
,w graph sin(x+8), -8<x<0
notice, if it is shifted left 8, then your sin function starts at 0 at x = -8
so the value is incorrect?
we know that a cycle of sin(x) starts at a point where y = 0 and sin is increasing
as seen in the image
so where does the graph = 0 and increase here?
There’s no point where the graph equals 0
it’s like 2.75 when it crosses over the y axis
I want to say at -11.5
-11.5
Left
,w graph f(x-20) = (x-20)^2 , 0<x<30
is thsi function shifted left or right?
Right ✅
Correct
ok
so we know if we have a function f(x), then f(x-20) will be 20 units right
right?
yes
11.5 to the right
Right
ok
but we know the graph in your homework is shifted left 11.5
not right
so is c=-11.5?
all good
yes I mean it goes down to -3 and up to 3
is this graph shifted up or down?
ie would it be written as sin(x) + k?
or is it sin(x) + 0
sin(x) + 0…
😂
it doesnt
note, the amplitude is the maximum the wave can increase
+3 adds 3 to the maximum and subtracts 3 from the minimum
we know the amplitude here is 3
so if it was shifted up 3, then the graph would touch y = 6, right?
yes
ok
in the graph, the amplitude is 3 and the max it touches is y = 3, so the shift up or down is ___
0
correct
so we know
A = 3, c = 11.5, and k = 0
all we're missing is b
note
the equation is now
$f(x)=3\sin(bx+11.5) +0$
hrdxpqurcxktdbanql
b is the angular frequency of the wave
it determines how quickly the part on the inside increases by 2pi or one cycle, correct?
THERES A PARADE INSIDE MY CITY YEAHHHH
consider the case:
😂
,w graph 3sin(50x+10) 0<x<2pi
@tacit vale focus brother
clearly, what is multiplied by x determines the frequency of the wave, or how quickly the wave goes through one cycle, right?
yessir
how long does it take for a y value to repeat twice**
-7 technically
how long does one cycle take?
1 pi
ie how long before the graph repeats itself??
are you sure?
so after pi, the graph repeats?
it’s 2pi
14
ok
we know
for any waveform
say cos(n)
every time n increases by 2pi, the cycle repeats right?
yes
yes right
yessir
indeed
k should be pi/7
3sin(pi/7x + 11.5) + 0
ok correct
YOOOOO
do I dare say it starts at 2.75?
letme try again
I’m stumped
,w graph 3sin(pi/7x+4.5) ,-20<x<0
oh no
one second
No worries
wait i think i know
we can try to solve it a different way
we have
$y=3\sin(bx+4.5)$
hrdxpqurcxktdbanql
(15,3)
ok
-15,3
yes
ok
3 = 3sin(-15b + 4.5)?
h wait
no we had it right
its just the graph on wolfram
the x axis is in terms of pi
,w graph 3sin(pi/7x+4.5) ,-20<x<0
I see
AH
that makes sense
to shift it one unit left, you have to do f(x+pi)
since if x = -pi then sin(0) = 0 ????
doesnt make sense
let me try another grapher
Alright
,w graph sin(x-pi)
,w graph sin(pi*x-pi)
oh dear
i just googled it
what was the result
1 sec
I see
finding the phase shift isnt so simple
ϕ=(xpeak−P/4) for the sine graph
$c=x_{peak}-period/4$
hrdxpqurcxktdbanql
the period is 14, that is how long it takes
where do the peaks occur?
at what x value
@short orchid
@short orchid Has your question been resolved?
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im not in physics i dont get it
u dont need to be in physics
it gives u a formula
v = sqrt(2gh)
u know g and v
just solve for h
oh ok
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how do i ge tthe derivative of this
@static pawn Has your question been resolved?
product rule
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i need help
we have two functions
f(x) = -x^2 + 5x
g(x) = -2x + 15
the distance A depends on the value of x
determine A as a function of x
yes. Just the standard distance formula
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how is this thing a vector???
yh
yeah?
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✅
it's been a while you've been asking about that thing, no ? @shell oar
wdym
i think i asked this before yh
a month or so ago
just doing some revision
and forgot something
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Hi, I'm trying to collect the likes terms x^2 and 16x^2/9. I'm not sure how to combine them, some help would be really appreciated!
are u trying to add the terms?
yeah
u factor out x^2
u get x^2(1+16/9)
=x^2(25/9)
since x^2 is the like term, u can factor it out
oh awesome thanks
why do you add a 1 in the brackets?
x^2+16x^2/9 = x^2 (1+16/9)
when u factor out x^2 from x^2, u r left with 1
cuz 1*x^2 = x^2
oh ok thanks
and how did you end up with 25/9
1 + 16/9 = 25/9
bedmas?
yes
sorry still confused how you got the 25
1 = 9/9 so then 9/9 + 16/9 you just add the top part straight across which is 25/9
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I have the answer
remainder is 0
quotient is the anser
but what do I fill out for f(x)=
what if it wasn't 0
x^2-2x-4 is my answer
(x-3)(x+1) or something like that would be factored
not factorable
,rotate
if the remainder wasn't 0, I think it'd be f(x) = g(x) * q(x) + r(x)
g and r being?
you're given g. r would be the remainder
would I do the multiplication or just leave it as an equation
if you do the multiplication you just get f back
I see
@twilit dove Has your question been resolved?
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is this answer right?
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
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Whom needs help
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<@&268886789983436800> troll
that's what I'd put
yes
ok thank you
yw!
yeah, looks right
you can always check by taking the derivative of your answer choice
yea thats what i thinking
preciate it
.close
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Can someone help me graph this?
make it into a sine wave first
.close
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This is a question from the book Putnam and Beyond. I can't seem to wrap my head around the solution they provided. I know you are supposed to prove this by contradiction and understand the assumptions they made. But I don't get how S1 ∪ S2 is greater than 1+8/9 and the following logic. Can somebody explain their solution?
@lilac kayak Has your question been resolved?
@lilac kayak Has your question been resolved?
<@&286206848099549185>
@lilac kayak Has your question been resolved?
assume that the statement is false, that is that no two surfaces overlap their area by >= 1/9
then if you take any two surfaces and combine their areas with each surface having area 1, then assuming the surfaces perfectly overlap this combined area is 1, and if they don't overlap at all then their combined area is 2
now their combined area decreased the more that they overlap
let's say they overlap by exactly 1/9, then their combined area has to be 2 - 1/9
right?
makes sense
okay that's where the 1 + 8/9 comes from for two surfaces, and since their overlap is supposedly less than 1/9, their combined area > 1 + 8/9
now you take the third surface, and let's assume it overlaps by exactly 1/9 with each of the two other surfaces, then their combined area must be greater than the 1 + 8/9 of the two surfaces plus another 7/9 (the area 1 from the third surface minus the 1/9 overlap with each of the two other surfaces)
which means that their combined area of the three is at least 1 + 8/9 + 7/9
all they've done is repeat this reasoning and use the worst case scenario that each surface has just marginally under 1/9 overlap with each of the other surfaces
then they get the contradiction, and i think you got it from there
ahh okay
the contradiction is that the combined area turns out to be over 5
right?
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does this converge or diverge?
what do u think
Because I just stumbled on a way to make it converge on my own, idk if its valid though, say y = e^1 + e^2 + e^3 +... or y = e (1 + e^1 + e^2 + e^3 + ...) but wait wait that's just y = e (1+y), so y = e/1-e, LMAO Hilarious result
u cant manipulate divergent series like that
Let's use the graph epower x
it's the same kind of result as 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ... = -1/12
Integration will help
umm it follows the laws of algebra, what's the problem with it? It's just a very weird result though
How can you do that
Apparently it's called Borel regularization
Their is no multiplication
I just looked it up
and a series that converges to infinity = -1/12 is obviously nonsensical
in fact it's a good example of why manipulating infinite series in general is nonsensical
your reasoning seems fine
assigning finite values to a divergent series is already nonsensical
e(e^0+e^1+e^2...)
e^1 + e^2 + e^3 = e (1 + e^1 + e^2 + e^3 + ...) = e (1 + e (1 + e^1 + e^2 + e^3 + ...)) = e (1 + e (1 + e^1 + e^2 + e^3))
lol
The value keeps increasing...so duh
Diverging
yes it's true for any finite stopping point, it's literally just a geometric series with common ratio e. But this isn't a finite series you're asking about, it has no stopping point
I just did some math, and it's still the same result that way too
and if you're familiar with the fact that geometric series diverges for common ratio geq 1
E power infinite is infinite so answer is diverging
The answer is diverging
What I wanna know is what mistake I made here that led to this nonsensical result.
Since e^x is a function you can use the integral test
you assigned the series to the value of y, doing so assumed the series converges in the first place which it does not
You will see that it diverges once you integrate it
y = e(1+e(1+e(1+e......)
now divide by e both sides, you get y/e = 1 + y
please read this sir @graceful ridge
y/e = 1+e(1+e(1+e(1+e...
my brain cells please
y/e - 1 = e(1+e(1+e).....
oh okay, so just avoid assigning values to geometric series when they're known to be divergent?
Yes
((((((y/e-1)/e-1)/e-1)/e-1)/e-1)/e-1...) = y
you've assigned a finite value to a series diverging to infinity
And then are doing infinity / infinity
When you think you are doing finite / finite
the manipulation you are doing is how you get a closed form for a geometric series in general, but it requires that the geometric series converges a priori
and that holds when the common ratio r satisfies |r| < 1
which e certainly does not
Wolfram Alpha says it's a regularized result, and it's the same result that we got by assigning the series to y, does this mean although our method led to the answer, it's a wrong way of assigning value to a divergent series or is our method also valid for a "regularized result"?
Sorry I am unfamiliar with borel summation extension so I don't have a good answer
intuitively it'll be that you're getting the value that makes the "most sense" if everything were to work nicely
but Ive not been exposed to the idea formally so that's the best I can say
"In specialized mathematical contexts, values can be objectively assigned to certain series whose sequences of partial sums diverge, in order to make meaning of the divergence of the series."
"In physics, there are a wide variety of summability methods; these are discussed in greater detail in the article on regularization."
So, this kind of summation should only be applied in specialized mathematical contexts?
yes
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how do i prove that cos(1/n) is monotonic
wtf does monotonic even mean
Monotone means it's either increasing decreasing
It's not
Wait nvm were working in N
You've chosen the wrong bn
I think b_n = cos(1/x) is right
o I see I kept reading cos(n) for some reason
cos(1/n) diverges by nth term
my mistake
lol ur good
thank u ❤️
Np
The second sum is bounded by pi^2/6 or smth
wtf
If you take it to infinity it becomes a famous problem called the Basel problem. There's heaps of ways to solve it
None of which I know of the top of my head sorry
lol ur good
Nah, just watch too many math youtube vids
bro idk why my teachers giving this to us im in bc
this does not seem like bc
or maybe im j stupid
I mean, you could just prove that the second sum is bounded by 478837378 by induction if you want too
U don't have to know the exact limit
f it im j saying basel problem and hope that man doesn't mark me off
Iirc, the inner sum is polylog_0 of 1
No, say that it converges bc it's a p series where the power is bigger than 1 I reckon
My bad, it's Li_2
im ngl that sounds like a whole bunch of yap to me
idk what that is 💀
Hmm, maybe you don't need it for this problem
Oh, I'm stupid nvm
The inner sum is finite
yeah I think I'm trying to prove that it's convergent
I reckon just use comparison test
a_n is convergent through comparison test and geometric series
b_n is bounded and monotonic
so i think thats enough proof to say it converges
Valid
.close
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i missed a few lessons and have no idea how to approach b)
Okay so depends on what direction u wanna go
I think forwards is easiest
But yeah, so you know that the equation for a circle is x^2+y^2=r right?
yeah
So just translate that so that P and Q lie on it ig idk
Alternatively
U can factorise that as (x + 5)^2 + (y + 45/2)^2 - 2213/4
thats what i was originally thinkinf but no method seems clear from there to me
that works actually
ill try that
but i cant start with the thing im trying to show, right
Nah, I reckon it's cool. Just show how you factorise that and your good
They give it to you, you just has to show that it holds
ahhh that makes sense
Alternatively, you could derive it yourself
yeah i felt like it was implying i had to derive it
But no one wants to derive anything they don't have to
1)Find middle point of PQ with Pythagorean and divide C by 2
pq isnt necessarily along the diameter
Dosnt matter since 2 points will always make a line
You know how to find the middle point coordinates in PQ?
You can check how x and y varies to go from P to Q
Then you divide the x and y variation you found
oh i have the equation of a line
That’s gonna give you the middle point coordinates
Your comfortable with vectors?
You can than find a vector perpendicular to PQ
Then you can just start your vector from the middle point you found of PQ
That’s gonna give you two points to work with in order to find the equation
At least that’s how I would approche it
You find the middle point of the line PQ
then find a perpendicular vector of PQ (vector product=0 when it’s perpendicular)
Find the (a,b) of the vector you found
Then you add it to the middle point of PQ
You see where I’m going?
You will have two points of the line you want to find the equation off
i can see what your goal is, but i dont necessarily see why that would work
the midpoint of PQ doesnt necessarily lie on the circle
Bisector of a line segment means the middle of the line
I think what they are saying, you find the perpendicular bisector of PQ. That has to be a diameter
I think that's why the first question asked it
But yeah, that should be sufficient to solve it
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hmm
i need to calculate 1 min
Theta = 0.5 right
right
To find perimeter
talk to @ruby sequoia
We do
Ok
ahem