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can someone tell me what I did wrong in my steps in trying to find the covariance?
The answer is supposed to be 0.2 according to the steps provided by the book. I tried doing it using the table method as seen in IMAGE1 but I got cov=2 instead
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How can I start it?
since idk what's z
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Is it fine to put brackets everywhere in math
there are definitely ways that you can write them and cause confusion or cause meaning to change
but using unnecessary brackets when the meaning doesn't change is fine
like if I said (5+3)+7 vs 5+3+7
those mean the same thing, that's fine
Is it fine to do it with these topics
Actually its fine i got it, thanks for the help.
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So it says true or false: If The X of f(x)=2*1,3^x gets increased by 2 the f(x) will take 91% of the initial value off
What do you think
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x=-1/2 and y= 1 or x=1 and y=1
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You can easily separate th variables here
you can separate the variables so that you end up with a differential on each side that you can integrate
yes bu
is ther anothe way
cuz ik u can like
get
1/y^2 dy = x^2dx
but i havent done it like that
in school
they havent taught me like this
so imn wondering if theres naother waey to this
that's pretty much the standard way you would solve this
i mean it is very simple integrals, what's the problem with doing it that way? you just integrate both sides and get
$\int\frac{dy}{y^2}=\int x^2,dx$
yes but
Soosh
yes but you see that each one is a separate integral?
once you separate the variables, each one is like an individual problem of simple integration
if i just gave you: $\int x^2,dx$ you would know how to do that right?
Soosh
yeah
oh w
wait
so
whe uu
intergare
integrate that
dx gets rmoved aswell
obv
yes
hm
and same with dy on the left
well im assuming from the problem \ conventions that y is a function of x
you are right that the problem should be more precise in telling us that, but unless told differently, that's kind of the "regular" convention right?
y' = derivative of y right? i don't see any other variables in the problem except x so i guess it must be dy/dx
anyway i suggest you review notation of dy/dx, it is always the "what's being differentiated" at the top, divided by "differentiated in respect to what" on the bottom. also maybe review definitions of differentials (separate dx and dy) and how the notation dy/dx can be thought of as both the derivative and also a ratio of differentials (which allows you to separate them like we did for this problem)
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thank you sm
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for this integral would it not be dt at the end? because we are integrating wrt to t?
why is it written d(-st) at the end instead of dt?
it's a measure theory thing
you can just think of it as change of variable in this case with
$u = (-st)$ so $du = d(-st) = -s dt$
riemann
so when we write dt at the end we are not saying that it is being differentiated wrt but that dt symbolises something else
im a bit confused
yes
if dt was written in place of d(-st) would it mean the same thing or no?
no
if you understand u-substitution for integrals, this is the same thing, just different notation / shortcut
is it basically saying "differential of (-st)"?
so would this be correct use of the d at the end
basically shoving the exponential of the e in the bracket next to d?
right
yeah as long as A and B are constants in respect to t
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Clippy
can you just show the original problem
Clippy
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Idk how to do a.
it can be written as (x+y)^2-2y^2
is abcd system?
Idk what that us
huh?
Is
or just factor/simplify
Oki ty
and then u can use the property a^2-b^2=....
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Complete the square
Then use a substitution
What form you do want to get this in
What kind of structure allows you to solve this
1/u^2 + 27/4
$\int \frac{1}{x^2 + 1} , dx$
i should probably get the 27/4 into a form that can be expressed as a squarE?
Frosst
Can you do this integral?
yes
Ok what if… we just let 27/4 (u)^2 = (x + 3/2)^2
Then when we do the substitution, we’ll be able to factorise the 27/4 out of the bottom
do u mean 27/4 + (u)^2
?
So really we want 3sqrt(3)/2 u = x + 3/2
why would you assume that first line?
See now I’ve just pulled the entire fraction out and it’s an easy time
Because I wanted to pull the 27/4 out of the bottom
Cos I want it to look like this
It’s a bit wack to do integrals especially with substitution
You need to know what you want to do the sub
Because if I do
I can pull the fraction out
I could’ve written let $u = \sqrt{\frac{4}{27}}(x+3/2)$ as well
Frosst
But it’s a bit less obvious where that sqrt comes from
I mean at the end it is the same
This generalises it’s for a ≠ 1
Then you’re pretty much done if you’re happy using that formula
i just cant wrap my head around thius moethod
It’s the same thing really
If you can’t get it don’t worry about it unless you really care
It’s the same method in a different wrapper
do you think you can find a video or website or seomthing that explains this in more detail?
first time i ever see something like this and ive reallly confused
how are you allowed to assume that equality?
and why would you do it in this specific way
is there liek a formula or smoehting?
Here I’ve proven that it’s the same thing
I’ve just shoved the a into the x term and did a substitution
I get the exact same answer as this
Yes I factorise it into the x term
Then I substitute
But it’s the same thing
You can (and I did) prove they are the same
@grizzled shore
would it be correct to think of it like this:
you do u = x + 3/2
which gives
integral 1 / [u^2 + (sqrt27/2)^2]
dx
then you factorise
Yes
and get
That’s exactly correct
its lot more intuitive for me that way
It’s like doing 3 + 2 + 5 = 10
Vs 3 + 2 + 5 = 5 + 5 = 10
And the other one you posted earlier is like “I know 5 + 5 is 10”
And 2 + 3 is 5
So the answer is 10
It’s just doing the steps but grouped differently
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do your math
.close
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I am trying to solve exercise 2.8 of Rudin's Principles of Mathematical Analysis, which asks the following: Is every point of every open set E in R^2 a limit point of E?
My proof is as follows: Let p in E and suppose p is not a limit point of E. Then, there exists a neighborhood of p, say N, such that N ∩ E = ∅. Thus, N is a subset of E^c. Therefore, p is in E^c. This is a contradiction since p can not be in both E and E^c at the same time. So we can conclude that p is a limit point of E.
What is the mistake in this approach?
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What is your definition of limit point
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anyone knows how to integrate 1/(1+cosθ) to the form of asinθ/cosθ+b + c?
i converted to 1/2 * sec^2(θ/2), then integrated to tan(θ/2) + c
then im hardstuck there
,tex .half angle
riemann
you also could've rationalized multiplying 1-cosx both numerator denominator
in the original
so i integrate 1-cosθ/1-cos^2θ?
You already found the antiderivative here. What more are you trying to do?
i need to get it in the form of asinθ/cosθ+b + c
Try doing this
so i integrate cosx-1/cos^2x -1
Express 1 - cos²θ as sin²θ and integrate them serperately
i dont know how to use tex bot sorry
But you should get cosec²θ - cosecθcotθ now you can use the formulas
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you’re overcomplicating it
mud ツ
@hexed jungle Has your question been resolved?
@soft tiger yes
so i just take the derivative of the given function
its two terms multiplying so i use product rule right?
yes
thats what i did no?
yes
derivative of ln(|x-1|) = 1/(x-1)
times (x+9)
yes
i dont like how they use u's and v's, very similar looking characters
true
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coulda j said messed up the order
was confused for a sec lol
my bad, i'll try better next time lol
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Compute the remainder when
3^333 is divided by 100
whats the approach for this
like i would know how to do it if I calculated 3^333 but I shouldnt be doing that
CRT
Chinese remainder theorem
mid
wait, 3^3 * (3^5)^66
27 * (243)^66 has the same remainder when divided by 100 as 27 * (43)^66
hmm ok I'll have to learn how it works
27 * (43^3)^22 do this and we get the remainder = 27 * 9^22 mod 100
and continue on from there, until you get the value, or you could use some tutorials online because I don't understand chinese remainder theorem
I watched this video, this approach works right?
Find the remainder when 3^128 is divided by 13
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ya this approach is a little tough when the base number is big
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hi i need help with this question, im not sure if i need to ignore cases like abu& abu being chosen.
if i ignore those then it my probability for ai) will be 1/2 right?
but im not sure about the answers when multiplying it. cuz then i will be taking 1/4 x 3/3= 1/4
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WELL IT SAYS TWO PARTICIPANTS REQUIRED, AND DUPLICATES WOULD JUST BE 1 PARTICIPANT, SO I SAY IGNORE THOSE CASES
MULTIPLYING IT MATTERS WHEN YOU'RE CONCERNED WITH THE ORDER OF THE EVENTS.
EITHER WAY THE PROBABILITY WORKS OUT TO 1/2
-CHANCE OF ABU BEING CHOSEN FIRST AND BOY-GIRL PAIR = (1/4)(3/3) = 1/4
-CHANCE OF NUR BEING CHOSEN FIRST AND BOY-GIRL PAIR = (1/4)(1/3) = 1/12
-CHANCE OF LISA BEING CHOSEN FIRST AND BOY-GIRL PAIR = (1/4)(1/3) = 1/12
-CHANCE OF PING BEING CHOSEN FIRST AND BOY-GIRL PAIR = (1/4)(1/3) = 1/12
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which step can you repeat@dense geyser
Can you tell how you did the 1 step last time you told the answer
I dont know that logarithmic rule
well, let's recall the rule first.
Yes
$$\log MN = \log M + \log N$$
零下三度极寒
!15m
Yes,
$$\log \frac{M}{N} = \log M - \log N$$
零下三度极寒
assume log(x) = m then proceed it will solve easily
!15minutes
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$$\log M^N= N * \log M$$
Oh
Yes
零下三度极寒
Yes
not forget to write x= e^m
$$\log_{a}b = \log_{c}b / \log_{c}a$$
Wait, is this also a thing
零下三度极寒
yes
Oh this rule i didnt know
in China, we call it bottom swap formula. I'm not sure what is it called in your country.
Ok ill too call it bottom swap formula
This is where i finally got , i cant tell what can i do here to simplify this equation
you can see proof in wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm#cite_note-6:~:text=Typical scientific calculators calculate the logarithms to bases 10 and e.[5] Logarithms with respect to any base b can be determined using either of these two logarithms by the previous formula%3A
In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation. That means that the logarithm of a number x to the base b is the exponent to which b must be raised to produce x. For example, since 1000 = 103, the logarithm base 10 of 1000 is 3, or log10 (1000) = 3. The logarithm of x to base b is denoted as logb (x), or without parenthe...
Ok
Now back to the qn, I'll show again.
Yes
First, cause logx, $x > 0$, Let's try to move the unknown x as far to the left as possible and try to divide the right by the left, then we get $$x^{2\log x-2}=10$$, then $$2\log x-2=\log_{x} 10$$
零下三度极寒
What you did here
$$\frac{x^{2\log x}}{x^2}=10$$
零下三度极寒
then use Bottom swap formula, we can get $$2\log x-2=\frac{\log 10}{\log x}$$
any question?
at this step
Wait let me process
before x as bottom, now we use 10 as bottom
零下三度极寒
a small mistake on the left, I correct'
then our problem actually becomes a quadratic equation correspond $\log x$
零下三度极寒
How you get the exponential 2logx-2 in the base
cause $\frac{x^a}{x^b}=x^{a-b}$
零下三度极寒
this is how we get the exponential
Can you show this using the question's example
you mean you do not understand the the nature of math power exponential?
ok I will continue. you tell me you where you stuck.
this step has nothing to do with logarithms, donot worry
If i will get quadratic , then i can do it myself
Look ill show
He is not able to solve quadratic equation
Log(a) /log(b) = log(a-b)
It will help me if you tell me the a b and c in the equation
No,the step to get the exponential $2\log x-2$ did not use bottom swap
零下三度极寒
Ok it used exponential law
yes
I just use the exponential law on the left first
and we get $$x^{2\log x-2}=10$$
零下三度极寒
No wait, now we just according to the Definition of logarithm
if $x^a=b$, then $a = \log_{x} b$
零下三度极寒
so we get socalled "a" here replace with $2\log x-2=\log_{x} 10$
零下三度极寒
Yes
No question till here
we continue, now we use exactly the bottom swap just on the right
before the bottom is x, we use 10 as new bottom now!
Ok
It should be noted that you can use any bottom. like 2 3 or even e
Ok we will use common bottom > 10
but you noted that the left is $\log x$
零下三度极寒
so we use bottom 10
Yes
no need to > 10, 2 also can use
oh, 🤣 sry for my misconfused maybe you use → be better
okok, anyway now we can change the right to $$\frac{\log 10}{\log x}$$
零下三度极寒
Yes
零下三度极寒
logx can be seen as t=logx
Oh ok
then $$(2t-2)t=\log 10$$
零下三度极寒
Yes
Think of logx as a variable like abc. here is t
so you can solve this equation to get t
I was waiting to speak, but you solved the whole, great @dire basin
then $x=10^t$
零下三度极寒
True Dudu
Should i replace log x here?
No we have already replace logx before
After getting the value of t
yes @oak sun
Anyway you can try to replace logx here, you will find you move back to last step
Yes
can you please help me with an exercise
So just solve the equation correspond to t. I cannot wait it.
if you r done
Of course
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please help me
Ok
😅
I tried using recurrence but it didn't work
@dense geyser Ok, man, if you have any questions you can keep asking me, I'm an electrical engineer and just came to this community and would love to answer math questions because we deal with math a lot in our daily lives and math has caused us permanent head damage (PhD)🤣
Me too
?
Wait a minute
okay
Use the concert of mathematical induction
For natural nums
Show that RHS will never be equal to 1
And the other method using progerssion
is induction the same as recurrence ?
Nope
is there a simple way
Nope
That's very complicated
Thankyou so much
what's the method using progerssion? Is this word "progerssion" spelled right. I cannot translate it right here myself.
it is progression my friend 进展
Yep
which city r u from ?
I was graduated from Wuhan. Now I come back to my Hometown.
I am in Zhangzhou
Ive not a contradiction proof for you.
i love it here
yes
Oh so close.
which is ?
So are you an international student?
No wonder I see the style of this math problem very similar to that of Chinese teachers.
you seem nice
Thx. I'm very glad to help others with math problems
oh right
do you have an english name ?
Oh. This problem is actually really hard for most Chinese students.
THEBATCH
I hope
haha
To prove: every integer n can be expressed as $2^p(2q+1) \$
The cases where n is a power of two and where n is odd are trivial.
Consider the case where n is an even number and $n \neq 2^p$.
Assume to the contrary then there are numbers that cannot be expressed this way.
Then by well ordering principle, there must be a smallest such number $n$.
As n is even we can consider $2m = n$, which can be expressed in the form $2^p(2q+1)$ since $m<n$.
But then $n = 2^{p+1}(2q+1)$
$Pure$
how do you know that 2m can be expressed in the form 2^(p)(2q+1)
take 18 for example
This is true by our assumption
since n is the smallest integer that cant be expressed in this way, and m < n we can write m in that way
then m = 9 which is an odd number so clearly you can write it that way
2^0(2*4+1)
Because if n is no the smallest element we can't be sure that m = n/2 can be expressed in that way
but since n is the smallest element that can't be expressed in that way m = n/2 definitely can be expressed in that way
I have another exercise if yo udon't mind
@high python Has your question been resolved?
I just take a shower and come back. And I have a little bit of an idea. Let's take a look together.@high python
First, we have $$xy+yz+xz=1$$
零下三度极寒
Square both sides, get $$(xy+yz+xz)^2=1$$
零下三度极寒
expand left sides, get $$x^2y^2+y^2z^2+x^2z^2+2y^2xz+2x^2yz+2z^2xy=1$$
零下三度极寒
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@high python
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2x-\sqrt{2x^2}\cdot 4x+9=3 pls help
<@&286206848099549185>
what are you looking for ?
idk
haha are u solving for x ?
yes
can u send a ss of the qn cuz the text is kina confusing?
$2x-\sqrt{2x^2}\cdot 4x+9=3$
FungusDesu
yea
okie
complete solution
FungusDesu
<@&286206848099549185>
wouldnt i tbe easier to expand the wholething first ?
literalyanything
$4x^2-9x-(3\sqrt{2} - 2=0$
FungusDesu
im still kina new to the server so trynna figure it out but thanks
sqrt 2 -2 is dividing 3
im not sure where you get this from
break the sqrt 2x^2 down int xrt 2 then u move some stuff around
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@waxen slate does it make sense now
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how do you do this without using triangle identities?
What do you mean by “triangle identities”?
the 30 60 90 triangle
I think all they did was divide by
sin(θ)
To get cos(θ) / sin(θ) = sqft(3)
Which is cot(θ) = start(3)
Then did the inverse of cotangemt on both sides
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Hi
@bitter wraith type .close
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So I have a question about the limit comparison test. So you start out with a series and then you find a series that seems like it, such as a p series. If you do the limit comparison test and you get a finite non zero number, then they both do the same thing. What happens if you get infinity or 0 from the limit comparison test? How do you know what happens with the given series?
I remember my professor said that if the limit comparison test gives you infinity or 0, and the p series diverges, the original series diverges as well, are there any other rules for this? Like what happens if you get infinity or 0 but the p series converges, does this mean that the original converges as well? Or does that just not tell us anything about it
@balmy meteor Has your question been resolved?
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@balmy meteor Has your question been resolved?
@balmy meteor Has your question been resolved?
@balmy meteor Has your question been resolved?
<@&286206848099549185>
If the limit of the ratio of the terms of your series to the comparison series is zero, and the comparison series is convergent, then your series also converges
If the limit is infinity, it means your series’ terms are much larger than the comparison series’ terms. In this case, if your comparison series is divergent, your series will also diverge
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Thank you so much
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R we looking for the z value that corresponds to 0.81 or 0.19 ?
0.81 because we are looking for what percent of the curve lies to the left of 81%
well I don't know z-score values off of the top of my head
but just look at your table :)
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can someone help me with this
Please don't occupy multiple help channels.

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for the last part
when u simplify u get:
sqrt(x^2)/(-10x)
which is just x/(-10x)
which is -1/10
correct answer is 1/10, where does the extra negative come from?
yeah i thin i now what i did wrong
1 sec
sqrt(-infinity)^2/(-10(-inf))
= sqrt(inf^2)/(10inf)
= inf/(10inf)
= 1/10
?
yep 🙂
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Thanks man youre so nice , i have solved it already
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How do I solve part b?
I feel like I may be algebraically wrong lol
I did
257=-127.9+81.91Ln(x)
384.9=81.91Ln(x)
4.7=Ln(x)
This looks alright. You just need to solve for x by exponentiating both sides now.
then I did Ln(4.7) which got me 1.5
my brain not really wrapping around how I put that back into the problem
Oh but it's 257000 right
So you'll get a larger number
Mb I didn't read it properly
ur okai
So yeah just do the same calculations as you did but with 257k instead of 257 and you should get a number of years that makes more sense.
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im kinda new to this whole trigonometry thing 🥲 need sm help
thats some neat handwriting you got there
You remember how sec and cosec are defined? 
Thanks g
Well yeah ig
Uh-huh, how are they defined?
Cool cool, maybe try putting those in?
Well yeah i kinda did
It left me with
Wait lemme show
Okay wait i think i myt hv got it
Aand done thank youu
Well done 
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im pretty sure i am supposed to find the area in terms of y but idk how to set it up
ive also asked multiple people at my math library/tutoring program and they havent been able to get it either
do you know the formula for volume of a solid after being revolved around x/y-axis
you would have to calculate the definite integral from 0-1 for (e^-x^2)^2
and then multiply by pi at end
wait nvm since it's revolved around y-axis the formula actually needs to be f(y)^2 inside the integral
so you need to find f(y) and then same process
how do i deal with the x=1
because that is one of the curves that specifies the region
wait
nbope
.
do you get to see the answer?
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Could anyone check my proof for this?
the inequality should just be for n^2 btw, not n^2/2, small typo
Doesn't applying AM-GM on both factors also work?
maybe as a small note, those roots are real and positive. small technicality but needed for am gm
hm but I wasn't using AM GM I was using cauchy schwarz, do they need to be positive for that?
likely
So I'm good then?
yes
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I have no idea on question 4b
did you derive g?
i think you made an error
the derivative of (n+1-x)^(n+1) should be negative
same with (n-x)^n
Is this a test?
looks like one
nah just a homework
@strange cape
you should try deriving g again
i just did, and the answer afterwards was pretty clear
in the second line, you factorised by (n-x)^n when the otherterm only has (n-x)^(n-1)
and I put (n-x)^-1
I am thinking the relationship between the question
once we find the monotonie of this function, we can use it to compare the 2 terms
since if you divide the second expression by the first, you'll get g(x) * [(n)^n]/[(n+1)^(n+1)]
sorry , still thinking, I got no idea
np, did u finish g'
You mean the final ans?
of this yes
the n gets cancelled out too so only x remains but yeah this is correct
so what is the sign of g'?
😓 no sense
Is g' positive or negative?
negative
No, it's positive.
Look at the third line
There's a -n and +n
yes but x<n
Look at the third line, all the terms cancel out except X
$-n² + nx - n + x + n² + n - nx= x$
lotus man
yes for now
which means g is a strictly increasing function
so
For every x>0: g(x) > g(0)
and what's g(0)?
I know that is zero slope
i'm sorry i have to go
you can solve this question by dividing the second expression by the first one, it'll be written in terms of g(x). sorry i couldn't help you find the final solution
sure thanks a lot!
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i want to ask a dumb question
while factoring a number why only whole number matters?
why not decimal numbers?
google says its just because for precise calculations
but terminating decimal numbers are also precise?
factoring a number means finding its prime factorizations. prime numbers are whole numbers
also, there is infinitely many ways to "factorise" any number if you include decimals
hmm this makes sense but
we can use fraction numbers to factorize , that would not create any problem?
It wouldn’t cause problems per se, you could do it but it wouldn’t be very interesting because there’s like an infinite number of ways to do it for any number
It’s less that it’s wrong to do so, more that it’s just kinda pointless
So we only consider integer factorisations
what you might be referring to is just division lol
We say that integers a and b are factors of x if ab=x
There doesn’t exist an integer a such that 10*a=24
It’s a definition
If you allow for fractions then there’s an infinite amount of choices a and b such that ab=x for any x so it’s not a particularly interesting thing to talk about
So yeah we define it to just be whole numbers
yeah just make things easy?
Not necessarily easy, more so that it makes it useful to talk about
And as now that a channel has opened, I have to ask one more dumb question . may i ?
Go ahead, no such thing as dumb questions
It's so we don't have to write down a million parentheses everytime we write down an expression
could you please explain?
Without any convention you would have to write 2+5*4 as 2+(5*4)
that what i am trying to say why do we even need parentheses ?
or BODMAS to obtain a desired answer?
in short i am just wondering that how can there be many different answers of a same equation and we need BODMAS to obtain a uniform answer every time ?
i am sorry for the senseless question , f* me
How would you know how to interpret 2+5*4 without parentheses or a convention like bodmas?
It’s just a convention, its like a non official agreement to make reading maths a little easier and more consistent without needing to use loads of brackets
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What kite angle
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the last bit the h||e|^2
im just confused about how this is squared on the last bit i thought it was gonna be dropped because the l^2 is the space of square integrable functions right?
so you drop the square i thought? IDK
i mean it would make more sense to me if it was ||e^2| l^2
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Hey. I found the questions while preparing for the Waterloo math test and I'm in 11th. Can someone help with the question because I do not even know where to start with such a question.
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help
pls
ok i have multiple questions for this one.
lol
i have abt 6
so this is one of my study questions
and this.
these are the first two i need help with
i think the first blank is "sum"
have you seen what polynomials are ?
should i just put all the questions i have?
ummmm i remember reviewing
bit by bit is better, it's long to cycle between 6 images at a time
ok then!
:))
so im thinking we replace x with one of the numbers right?
but solving it is very hard for me
I'm kinda slow.
well a polynomial is some combination of 1, x, x^2, x^3, etc...
yeah....
the highest power that shows up in the polynomial is called the degree
yup!
so for example 5x^4 + x + 1, the degree is 4, the highest power of x is 4
that's just an example, it's not the polynomial in the pic you sent
oh
um
.
got no clue
im a stupid junior 😭
wait so how would i even find the answer?
well what are the powers of x that show up in that polynomial ?
do i replace x with one of the numbers?
no
3, 4, 5, and 2
(well technically there's also 1 (cause you have -8x^1) and 0 (from the +3x^0), but that's detail)
ok
so what's the highest power here?
5
oh!
the degree of the polynomial -7x^2 + 2x^5 + 3 - 8x + 4x^3 - x^4 is 5
so for this one, im pretty sure the first blank is "sum"
yeah that question is a bit crap but ok
seems like a good idea
ikr 😭
thank god it's only a study question!
"the sum of multiplicities [of the roots]" vs "the degree [of the polynomial]"
can you relate those two ?
is one bigger than the other ?
are they equal ?
well you have to fill in the second blank right
yes
what I'm telling you is they're certainly expecting "equals" or "is less than" or "is more than" for that blank


