#serious-discussion
1 messages · Page 497 of 1
(up to isomorphism at least)
as does this one
or this
really, ALL a graph does is store data about how its points are "connected" or "related"
theres no real geometric notability besides that
that said, you CAN ask geometric questions ABOUT graphs (ie about the drawings that represent them)
such as whether a graph is "planar"
and when such questions are asked, they are almost always done working on a euclidean 2d plane, unless otherwise stated.
but you do have to be careful: the prior 4 images i posted demonstrate a planar graph, but if we draw the graph like this (which is valid to do), it appears nonplanar at first
how do you represent a loop graph in a math function?
what do you mean by "a math function"?
A normal math function like this E = {a, b} = {b, a}
how do I represent it in a set?
what is it called when its a set representation if its not a function?
a loop in a graph, written in set notation, would simply be an edge that links from a vertex to itself
(v, v)
so if your graph is just a single vertex with a single loop, that would look like {{v}, {(v, v)}}
how about this?
"function" is a precise (through broad) mathematical term
a "function" is something that maps a set of inputs into a set of outputs, such that each input is mapped to exactly one output (no more, no less)
i'm not sure why you think this relates to the set definition of a graph, to be honest
just because they are both representations or forms of representation
you could conceptualize, say, a function from the set of vertices to the power set of the set of edges that takes in a vertex and returns all of the edges connected to it
or whatever
but this is... just a random construction
"are both representations"
yeah, and |||| is a representation of the number 4
but i dont think tally marks relate to what we're doing
so let's say this is the graph represented graphically
right, thats {{a}, {(a, a)}}
the set of vertices contains only one vertex, a
the set of edges contains only one edge, an edge from a to a
the representation would be {{a}, {(a, a)}}? or a = (a, a)?
a is not equal to (a, a)
there are many ways we could describe that graph
{{a}, {(a, a)}} is one of them
but its a needlessly technical one for most uses
"the graph consisting of a vertex called 'a' and a single loop" would also work
another way to describe it is with the picture you drew.
this is the subject...I'm defining oriented graphs, non oriented graphs and loops.
Because those are the basis, but I wanted to demonstrate a math representation to represent the loops if needed on a future math exercise, for my future reference.
To be honest, I'm not sure I really understand what you're looking for.
For a non-oriented graph, we use w : A → P(V) to represent it, which tells us the connections of every segment of the graph.
There are only 3 types of directions in graphs, which are oriented, non-oriented and loops.
{{a}, {(a, a)}} would translate to inside vertix A, the vertix A goes from the point A to the point A?
no there's no "extra" relation between the edges and vertices than what's already there. You generally can define a graph as a set {V,E} where E is the set of edges and V the set of vertices. Whether the graph is directed or not, the set V will always just be some set where each element represents a vertex. For edges, you might represent a undirected graph as a set of subsets vertices of cardinality 2 or a set of pairs of vertices
so formally you could say that for an undirected graphs, edges are elements of P(V) while for a directed graph theyre elements of V x V
and i suppose youd represent a loop as (v,v) in directed graphs and {v} (or {v,v} if we consider multisets) for undirected graphs
Is anyone here familiar with gambling - slot mathematics ?
is anyone else having problems with microsoft math solver, i keep getting something went wrong, please try again later
i didnt know that existed
I have a university quantitative assessment about "elementary calculus and probability". I haven't had a math course > 6 months, and I don't know how to review my learnings and prepare for this effectively in a short time. Does anyone have suggestions or good sources that have a clear overview of these topics preferably with with excercises that build up?
Toronto I think yeah
#29 for math, so yea pretty good.
https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/mathematics?city=toronto
UofT is just big in general
this used to be the uchic server
lore
Hello! How is everyone doing?
hello bman
finished my scary class, which was not so scary, and then attended a talk
what a nice day so far
How did your talk go? And scary class?
Was it good?
it was good for a while
What was it about?
then he ran out of time and glossed over the really interesting stuff at the end
which is kind of sad
uhhh
it was about periodic orbits in stadium-shaped billiard tables
Um... periodic orbits?
here's the picture
or the gif
so for example, the bottom 2 here are periodic orbits
It looks very much affected by entropy not sure how it could be periodic
Ahh, that makes sense
this talk was about smoothing out the spots where the semicircles meet the straight lines in order to produce particular kinds of periodic orbits
Oooo, where do you find these talks?
Huh?
For what?
for dynamical systems
Sorry about my confusion
seminar being like, a weekly lecture series at a university where people are invited to come give talks centering around a topic
So this is a private event?
Are you a teacher?
i am a graduate student
Ah
in terms of the scary class, last week i had my first lecture of a class with a very intense professor
How was your "scary class"?
Got it
and he wanted us all to give lots of input and stuff
which is like
not fun to do when the guy is staring daggers at you
Highschool
Yes, definitely
but today we had the second lecture and he was still kind of intense but all of us loosened up and gave him real input haha
and then he was super nice and good about it
even when it wasn't right
so
i think he just gets frustrated when everyone sits there silent lol
Great!
yeah so that class should be more fun now
Isn't that what a lecture class is?
that's what it usually is!
this class is only like 10 people though, so i guess he wants it to be more like a discussion
it's just tough when it's advanced math to come up with stuff on the fly
Yes
But sometimes it can be really fun
i almost got the answer to something, but he said "it's 2" right before i said "i think it's 2"
lol
not fast enough
uhmmmm that's flexible i guess
ideally it would just be staying in academia
but that's super luck-based
so after i do a postdoc or two i'm considering shifting towards climate modeling and oceanic modeling stuff
academia?
since i like fluid dynamics math the most anyway
Sounds interesting
like staying in the university system to do research and teach
yeah i didn't think much of it until i took a general requirement class in college on atmospheric and oceanic science, and the math underlying it (which we barely scratched of course) was so fascinating and close to the stuff i love in pure math
so much dynamics and differential equations
Yes that is what I would like to do
and i'm really into the ocean anyway, and of course it's a really important thing to work on. so it feels perfect for me.
but i want to try my hand at staying an academic first since that way i could just do pure math :p
actually i don't even know about that
next year i'm gonna take a bunch of classes on this i think
so i might love it and just hard pivot
there's plenty of time
Sounds like at first you seemed unconvinced and now you sound completely convinced... don't ruin this for yourself
well, this was a very new interest since maybe a year ago
and i think if i play my cards right it would be an easy thing to shift into at any time
like, the stuff i'm doing in pure math is gonna ride the line with oceanic modeling anyway.
that's my loose plan
what class 
it's a topics class about dispersive PDEs
which are PDEs like schrodinger's equation, or water wave equations.
they send out waves which dissipate in all directions.
(unlike in the wave equation, where the waves stay steady and don't dissipate)
happy chinese new year eve everyone
uwu shuri
uwu
@modern geyser just wanted to say thanks for the help!
no problem fam 😄
Tao's book ❤️
Nonlinear dispersive equations: local and global analysis
Yes
That's the official text, though Jalal just does whatever he wants with wild abandon the whole time. Haha
I hate my Mechanics of Materials class
My professor is good but his voice is too monotone and his accent too thick for me to be able to actively pay attention
And all he does in class is theoretical stuff
But the homework is computational
sounds like engineering classes 😌
Feather why do you keep changing your pfp
feather changes his pfp literally everyday
I've missed two days so far but I'm trying to keep that to a minimum
i no longer change my pfp everyday 
I seldom change my pfp
You should change your pfp to this
What is this from?
I forgot who it is but someone here has this really nice pfp from this cool fantasy book series
Some "City of the Dream" or some shit
He's a server booster
is it @vast surge
Yes
their banner actually but whatever
Thank you
I miss reading
Why though
Haven't gotten to do it in a long time
simp culture 😌
Why make your pfp an egirl when you can simply become the egirl
Why challenge myself to change it every day? For fun
Why egirls with bangs? Because I am weak in the knees for bangs
Why egirls? They don't have to be, I'm just attracted to the aesthetic. I still get normal women like the current one in my pfp too
feather when i first saw you i never imagined you’d be so… unique
i knew feather was unique after the first TMN
what does that even mean lol
This "making your pfp a girl you find hot" thing still confuses me
You are one sick bastard
That's okay :P
Mfs be talking about me behind my back zz
feather i would never
I wish I could know
It's like guys who have cute women as their pfp are either
A: not guys
B: the weirdest person you've ever met
Good or bad I do not care, I just want to see what people think of me
Which do I fall into

That's what they all say



Dude this guy freaks out the moment I say the word "horny"
oh em gee feather stop that's so lewd >//<
Like bro??
My bad didn't know I had to be Mormon too
HAHAHAH
if only i could react to a reaction
it makes my heart skip a beat, causing shooting pain up and down my left arm
Is this like some grunge song from the 90s
If I hear my professor say vector one more time I'm going to blow a gasket
Gamma this is engineering bud
We spent two days on vector spaces
rofl
When I took linear algebra (fOr EnGiNeErS)
Feather you should change your username to feather the irredeemable
dUDE I HAD TO TAKE IT
feathermorphism
I would've taken the regular LA class if I could
but noooooooooooooooooooo
engineering requirements
:DDDDD
The only "skill" I have two years later from that class is being able to solve 3x3 systems
Which is not special in the slightest
I can also do LU decomposition if I try really hard : )
We ran out of time so no diagonalization : )
Feather The Irredeemable RBB
Legendary Creature -- Angel Simp
Flying
Whenever an opponent casts an instant or sorcerer spell that targets Feather, copy that spell. You may choose new targets for the copy
4/3
I barely remember the value of eigenvectors or eigenvalues : ) they are just fancy symbols to me that I know how to find
what's my cost
I better be like 4/3 for 2 <resource>
RBB
It's like an inverted version of Feather the Redeemed
Oh wait Feather procs on you targeting any of your creatures
Actually busted card
what differentiates an egirl from a normal girl?

terminal onlineness
TMN?
Oh no.
Aesthetic
probably

feather when are you gonna use an edgy anime girl pfp

i see i’m not the only one that scrolls up to read older messages
After the year ends
I'm not changing my pfp twice in a day

What makes me a good e-girl? If I were a BAD egirl I wouldn't be sitting here talking to you now would I.
I
hate you
*takes swig of monster energy*
These Massive Nuts
Gottem
you most definitely are not
Litetally 19eddy4
I hate y'all
why
reasons, quantum.
Hava ever told you the tragedy of Darth Plagueis the Wise?
I hate math when I can't pay attention
I am so braindrained right now
Last week I was dead inside for no reason
i dont know what happened in 1984
And at this point im to afraid to ask
hava nice day
So now I'm behind
no u
The other day I slept at 4 AM for zero reason
lmao gottem
I usually sleep at like 1 or 2
And wake up at 8
Then yesterday I slept at 3 AM
and today I woke up at 7
my brain is dead and I am behind on schoolwork

Oof
topological analysis
no
I never hated you for that

please save me from my suffering
I hate coordinate systems
Fuck vector spaces
All my homies hate vectors
am i not ur homie? 
Shut up and let me be angry in peace
Acceleration in cylindrical coordinates or something
I see
I've been 14% paying attention
you can do linear algebra without coordinates
Perhaps less
every vector space of equal dimension is isomorphic until you try and integrate something in them ;)
exercise: prove that V and W are isomorphic
solution: first we will prove that V is isomorphic...

@mint patio
I did not know I had PTSD until I read those two words again
And it brings me back to when you Stun Seeded me
your nuts flashed before your eyes
Like that guy in Ratatouille
yeah

"DN"
Stop it.
Only for emphasis
Lol
aaaaaahhh
p-adic singular integral operators
YEAY
(If you want me dead, I understand)
(This looks cool and I think I would also be equally excited if I understood what any of these hieroglyphics meant)
I recognize words and symbols independently but not together
think about two maths topics you think that's uneralted
Mhm
puts them in the google search bar all together
Then here is the topic
he is real and can hurt you
You have to me more exotic

wanna try Ryc ?
oh for FUCKS SAKE
Topological complexity theory
i wish i could search differential galois theory without knowing that one exists too
ok i actually knew about this
of course you did 
This is awesome
funnily enough
people bring it up in talks a lot
cause fluids are represented by vector fields, and vector fields generate lie algebras
I should've known they'd be used tbh, you get lots of wacky non-linearity from the navier stokes
and then you can use grobner basis stuff to understand these things
I knew it
Ahahahaha
a ton of emphasis 
dude its NT
u can write whatever u want and NT and it will exist
This works is almost everything
anything huh?
not quite
rep theory of p-adic groups is pretty goated
p-adics here.
i cannot find anything to add to topology that doesn't give me results
numerical
topological probability theory, topological signal processing, topological number theory, numerical topology
bruh
numerical topology is used
Topological computability theory
topology is everywhere
in some kind of optimization problems involving topology
@deep mango explain this
fits better
no but i need someone who knows more areas than me
(that isnt hard)
but still
COME ON MAN
almost certainly
topology can be stuck onto any vaguel mathematical thing
yeah it has to be the term
and get a search result
being broadly used
idk where to ask this so i'm asking here
do our eardrums vibrate at frequencies above 20kHz? ik we cant hear frequencies above 20k but is it cuz our eardrums just stop vibrating above 20k? or is it cuz our brains cant process sounds above 20k for some reason?
Is taking a limit an operation?
sure, "operation" is kind of a vague term
taking a limit to a specific value is an operation on the set of real functions (or sequences or whatever you're doing) to the set of real numbers
I was about to explain why I was asking in case it changed anything then I realized it was nonsense
I don't know which channel this belongs in so I'll throw this in here, but I was trying to investigate the density of pythagorean quadruples on the sphere and so I took the parameterization of them from wikipedia and then calculated the angles a vector formed by the legs would give in spherical coordinates and I got this fractal pattern
(Spoilered because the image is genuinely disturbing to me)
This is the parameterization I used
What about the parameterization exactly causes this pattern to emerge?
I tried to plot pythagorean quadruples using another parameterization called Harper's parameterization and I got a different fractal pattern
Here is the description of the parameterization
Is there any good explanation as to why these two (only slightly different) algorithms produce such vastly different fractals?
I noticed the locus points in the harper fractals vs the evil fractal (I'm calling the first fractal evil because it looks like a bunch of evil eyes) are the same
And the sizes of these locuses are also the same
I'm noticing a line at, what I'm guessing is y=pi/4?
could have something to do with when the cos or sin of one of the angles is 0
that's the first thing that comes to mind
So I plotted this in spherical coordinates using the physics convention and so that would correspond with phi=π/4 which is a line of symmetry for these points
I am curious to see what happens if you take those white lines in the 2nd plot and map them back onto the sphere
they almost look geodesic-y
here ya go
huh that's really neat
I have actually
Why
btw here's a higher resolution version
hmm
we have to be careful to think about if there actually is a pattern here and it's not just a limitation of a finite resolution
there's definitely a pattern here
If use the algorithm for generating quadruples at the same resolution, I get this
I'm just trying to think why being close to phi = pi/4 mean there's no integer solutions
okay, so your question helped me identify a flaw I made in my implementation of harper's algorithm
I wrote code that prevented two parameters from being equal to each other
ah
now that line contains a high density of solutions
sorry, one more correction, I was double plotting solutions that were invariant under permutation, I am no longer doing that
ah that looks a bit more uniform
You summoned me?
someone mentioned you
Oh cool
.
That'd be my banner. There's also someone here who's pfp is a picture of Mat Cauthon from Wheel of Time but I forget their name.
you guys ever look at an old scary intimidating professor
and think about how at one point they were a student too
it's true
i never saw an old scary intimidating professor
If this is true how do I know so many profs who are under 40
Guys I was making a group with some colleagues on graph theory, they didnt present shit in terms of content to me, except like 3 pages...I gave them all my work...which was a large chunk...they just didnt work on it, I can feel it, and probably worked together behind my back on their own work on some weird ish...Im f*cked now. gotta do everything by myself fast.
man im a mess too, I told my teacher that I didnt thought it was fair the amount of work we each put on the work.
please give your opinion
Have you tried talking to them?
Feels like a group project in a graph theory class given the term "teacher"
For elements A and B in Obj(Category), does f \in Homc(A,B) need to be injective?
sorry if this is a dumb question 
Also, does property 1 of this mean that an element of Homc(A,A) is in Hom(A,B)?
or am i misunderstanding this
because like why is it talking about homomorphisms from A -> A when its talking about homomorphisms from A -> B
why would it need to be injective 
it doesn't
Or is it just like group homomorphisms where it does not need to be xjective
ok thanks
for example, in the category Set, for two sets A and B, Hom(A, B) just consists of all functions from A to B.
Not necessarily injective ones
(the injective ones will be the so-called "monomorphisms")
should i think of these as group homomorphisms but on categories?
that isn't going to be the case. a function from A to A cannot be a function from A to B.
the set of morphisms Hom(A, B) is defined for any objects A and B. they're just describing what has to happen in the particular case that A and B are the same object (so the set Hom(A, A))
got it, thanks
i thought it was talking abt special distinct elemtns A,B
not just any general ones
you should think about these just like group homomorphisms. morphisms don't go from one category to another, they go from one object to another. so in the category Grp (of groups), then Hom(G, H) consists of all the homomorphisms from G to H.
you'll see things that act like homomorphisms of categories when you see "functors"
yeah i guess what they really mean is "there is a function Hom_C which takes two objects in C and outputs a set. the elements of this set are called morphisms. here are the properties of the function Hom_C."
sorry i meant objects in categories not categories lol
yeah that's right
ty
wheres does isomorphism comme in graphs? should I learn it after I learn the types of graphs, adjecency matrixes, potencies of the matrix, etc.?
Isomorphism is some sort of structure preserving equivalence
What’s the difference between that and homomorphism?
a homomorphism is a gay isomorphism meaning that it's not invertible
Ah
Any idea how to solve subset sum problem with subset size of 4 in O(n^2 logn) I could only do O(n^3 logn)
no
an isomorphism is an invertible homomorphism
that does not mean a homomorphism is a non-invertible isomorphism
homomorphisms can be invertible too, which makes them isomorphisms. Isomorphisms are a type of homomorphism
calculate all sums of 2 numbers and put them into a treemap
then iterate over all pairs of numbers and see if whatever is left to complete the sum appears in the treemap
modulo some non-repetition checks this is n^2log n
Fam, in graphs does a cycle end in the same first vertex? or is it a circuit that does that?
Is this not a standard definition that can be easily googled?
Would save a lot of time compared to asking discord
lots of people ask questions that can be googled for an answer in 2 seconds
it's infuriating
agreed
mfs clearly been spoonfed since the day they borned
anyway guys what's the definition of a number?! 

Hi! Im a high schooler who's interested in math, and I was wondering if I'm going about studying it badly. Right now I'm studying from lecture notes for two courses (one algebra and the other analysis) and doing the psets as well as the textbook exercises for whatevers covered in the lecture notes (the textbooks are munkres, baby rudin, alfohrs, artin and axler). Is it bad that I'm skipping the actual text? Like, do I need to read the text to understand the material or is it fine if i just continue doing what I'm doing?
Depends on the actual lecture notes themselves. Some notes are almost as detailed as a text, but you still might be missing information
Yeah I've noticed that a couple things from the text are missing here and there, but the exposition seems largely self contained, in that the lecture notes dont reference results in the text that haven't been proven in the notes themselves unless they're really straightforward
Should I send you the course webpage?
Sure
But what is your main motivation for using lecture notes instead of the textbook?
Well the texts dwell way too long on simple results imo and it's really hard to keep my eyes open when I've read everything substantial already
(There's two)
Because math 55 was not designed for mortals
It rushes through things extremely quickly
Dang I must be missing quite a bit then
I like the flow tho
Every lecture has something nice in it
Though yeah I probably should have guessed just based on the number of texts loll
Every lecture has something nice in it because every lecture is like 1/4 of an entire one-semester course
Hm
It did feel a bit weird that each lecture was associated with like three sections of the book
But honestly I think it covers the material p well
Im able to do almost every exercise in the sections mentioned
did u knew Daniel Litt took Math 55. what grade did Daniel Litt from UGA get in Math 55? what Grade did Bill Gates get in Math 55? did Mark Zuckerberg take Math 55?
Who is Daniel litt
This is an old copypasta from here lol
Daniel Litt is a professor at UGA who is prolific on math twitter
Heh I'm a new member sorry 😬
Like lectures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14 contains pretty much an entire undergrad linear algebra class
you forgot that one guy from the simpsons too
I mean the texts, not the material
It probably depends on the year but math 55 is allegedly not great coverage of a lot of material because its target demographic is honestly people who know it already
math 55 sounds cringe
Ppl have complained about the complex analysid coverage being lackluster for example i think
Moth will you take math 55?
??
Hm I haven't gotten to complex analysis yet but for what I have covered so far (until lec11 in each) the coverage seems good enough to do the textbook exercises of the associated sections
Also moth are you in Harvard??
Im not going to harvard lol??
🤔
Are there better options?

Thats pretty subjective
I am go to Harvards.
I mean in your opinion
Did ryc take math 55 at harvard? What grade did ranyakumodchalkboard get in math 55 at havard?
Yes, 100
Uchicago
I actually picked the course I was going to follow after doing a lot of Google searching for the most complete course webpages available and I wasn't able to find much for the Chicago courses
Stingy 🤒
A+
0
i mean if you’re gonna do the cursed abbreviation of analysis you might as well do the cursed abbreviation of topology
:truetrue:
Oh my god j love topology so much lol
Tbf I've only done the top part of thee course so far
Many such cases
Yes
Point set 
COFFIS CUP
Lol
I dont understand the internal logic behind this
I hear young pointset enthusiasts like myself should curb their excitement because all the research has been done or smth but still
It's so fun
Lol
Why introduce pi_1 in an analysis course before doing any complex analysis
Why introduce topology before analysis
Why do it at all

Because you need it alphyte lol
No i tried learning analysis from rudin and the topological approach seems more natural
I think that doing just metric space topology first is smart
but why put pi_1 in an analysis class but before you see winding numbers
Cause then learning point set is almost effortless except for the tougher theorems
it just seem odd pedagogically to me
Idk i think you could do these either way moth
Oh is complex analysis why we care about running in circles?
It probably makes it easier to teach complex analysis if people know how homotopy works already
No not really
But winding numbers are the piece of analysis that relates back to pi_1
I agree with the pi_1 take, but not with the topology take
the topology of the line is very special
you can just skip a bunch of shit
complex analysis is the study of locally constant sheaves on a riemann surface 🙂

sure
R^n is more the case of "separable metric spaces"
then you can use a bit more refined definitions
Locally compact complete 
bringing algebraists hell to analysis
I dont know what locally constant sheaves are
no
only the classic example of germs of functions
eh
ok well constant sheaves = every set has the same functions associated to it
Locally constant = theres an open cover where, restricting to each element of the cover, thats true
dunno what you mean by that
like
as an object of study of complex analysis
would these functions have any other properties?
I know the answer was memey
just trying to understand 
It wasnt memey i just wasnt clear on what you were asking, uh you dont actually demand that they be functions in generality but you can demand some structure on the sheaves yeah
like the sheaf might associate a complex vector space to every open set for example, rather than just a set
I meant the original one
Oh 
the meme is that such sheaves on nice spaces correspond to functors from the fundamental groupoid to Set
hence to covers
guess Ill see what those are later
in context
Im definitely missing examples here
i also kind of lied about the definition of constant sheaves but thats okay 

you take the constant presheaf and then sheafify so that the stalks are constant but i dont think that means literally anything to you so. ignore it
sheaf maniacs
the trick is to switch to applied math
"grothen-who?" - applied mathematicians
i'm down here in the mud playing with functionals and point set topology 
people who don't like point set have forgotten how to have fun FR

They are applied Mathematicians on which field ? Because everyone that did a little of functional Analysis have already heard its name at least once.
ha i was just kidding i am sure people in applied math also find use for some pretty abstract stuff
It was a real question
people apply algebraic topology and stuff all the time, tho i dont plan on using the notion of a sheaf myself
oh
well i would say in like applied math near CS like i do you can find people who are basically just CS-trained
they really might not have heard of the guy, tho he is obviously SUPER famous in math
if you dont mess with math more complicated than topology on R^n and stuff it's understandable
I always struggle with myself to know if we can consider CS as a part of Maths or an other Sciecne with huge intersection with some Maths subfields
lol yeah
it's tricky i think some CS people are mathematicians
it depends on how they present their work i think
Isn't Hahn-Banach useful in CS for DL and ML, , being the reason why we can restrict ourselves to highfinite dimensional problems instead of infinite dimensional ones ?
yes definitely functional analysis is really important near ML and in other fields of CS
like i am using functional analysis right now to redo the way optimization is dealt with for this algorithm
basically all the optimization stuff it does on this state space can be transformed into geometric relations between linear functions
and neural nets are dealt with using functional analysis primarily but it's often pretty simple
Lp spaces and lots of hard analysis with bound computations
i am sure there is a high ceiling and that this is just what CS students can reasonably handle
convex optimization/geometry too
I don't really like this one, but I was aware of it
Saddle point optimization stuff etc.
yeah some of it is weird but i am doing stuff with the hilbert metric right now so it's not real weird
this doc is sort of an introduction to what people do for neural network math, there is probably more sophisticated active research
there is actually a theorem for neural networks that allows for a network to approximate certain functions on R
it kinda sets up this cool analysis-y vibe to the field
I have already heard about use of Sobolev and Besov spaces too
which is more related to my actual maths interests
yeah i think there is a big task to actually understand what deep learning and stuff is mathematically
and how ML actually relates to more hardcore mathematics
you asked that in the other chat too
of course. i doubt physics can take us to the moon
Yeh😅
idk the answer but i like your handwriting
Really thanks
I had to translate it so
I need some advice. I needed a reference letter for a program and was talking to my supervisor of my current program about how I contacted another person to provide a letter. I have gotten a letter from the other person but now I have found the my current supervisor has written a ref letter without me requesting one. What do I say to them?
Thanks for the reply
Do you have generalized divisibility test algorithms?
Huh okay
'There is no formula for degree 5+ polynomials.'
Only recently I realised this is because most of the actual solutions themselves cannot expressed with +*-/ nth roots (in the same way as transcendentals). Like, I was always under the impression they could be, but it's just that it was somehow impossible to find a formula to find them like you could for degree 4-.
Anyone else? 🤔
is there a formula for degree 5+ polynomials that uses higher order operations
like how
multiplication is repeated addition
bring radicals
the formula for degree 5 polynomial is the 'root of degree 5 polynomial'
exponentiation is repeated multiplication
could you use repeated exponentiation to solve them
you can use hypergeometric functions
square root = number ^ (1/2)
there shouldnt be a quadratic formula
dpeends
root notation kinda sucks
yeah imo fractional powers are so much better of notation
though nested fractional powers can suck
x^(1/2) * x^(1/2) = x
like, how would you represent $\phi = \sqrt{1 + \sqrt{1 + ...}}$
it just makes sense
random variable
haven't latex'd in a while clearly
square root is least upper bound to the equation x^2 <= smthing
we just make more complicated stuff up that is useful to us
missed the other $
$phi = (1 + (1 + ...)^(1/2))^(1/2)$
Corman
$phi = [1 + [1 + ...]^[1/2]]^[1/2]$
Corman
$\phi = (1+(1+...)^{1/2})^{1/2}$
random variable
oh
the main reason i like fractional powers
is because like
they show how
powers & roots are basically 1 operation
there arent 3 operations, there's 2
powers and logs
roots feel like a cheat-code
everything is really just the exponential function
like their own operation
i dont think you can represent logs with an exponential
$x^{1/2} = e^{\frac{\log(x)}{2}}$
random variable
$x^frac{1}{2} = e^ln(x^frac{1}{2}) = e^(frac{1}{2} * ln(x)) = e ^ {frac(ln(x), 2)}$
Corman
Bruh
$x^{frac{1}{2}} = e^{ln(x^{frac{1}{2}})} = e^{frac{1}{2} * ln(x)} = e ^ {frac{ln(x)}{2}}$
Corman
@crystal stream howw
$x^{frac{\1}{2}} = e^{ln(x^{frac{1}{2}})} = e^{frac{1}{2} * ln(x)} = e ^ {frac{ln(x)}{2}}$
Corman
$x^{frac{\1}{2}} = e^{ln(x^{frac{1}{2}})} = e^{frac{1}{2} * ln(x)} = e ^ {frac{ln(x)}{2}}$
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thanks texit
about this site idea
any ideas
for properties of numbers i should add?
the logarithm is the inverse function of the exponential
so if you let $e^x=\exp(x)$ then $\exp^{-1}(x)=\ln(x)$
gmod's theorem
with of course domain restrictions and whatnot but that's the idea
Thats what i mean
The logarithm IS the inverse to exponentials
Not roots/radicals
Roots dont deserve their own operation

Ye
Fractional powers are in most cases way nicer
And sometimes you have to convert roots to exponents anyways in calculus
yeah
while we're on the topic of replacing things, let's just get rid of sine and cosine along with all trig functions
they're just exponentials too
no need to waste notation on them either
true, why stop there let's just teach hypergeometric series day 1
Okay chill I haven’t learned that far 💀 what’s the hypergeometric series?
gross
that's what they are, but they're nice in terms of being just basically pure data you can throw in and do computations on supercomputers with for modelling plasma, or so one of my friends who does that thing at the lab he works at tells me
what
they're just big series
How much pure math do you have to take to have a strong enough basis for applied math like that?
If that question makes sense
like none, it's more the realm of physics/numerical stuff
basically
closest intersection miss I can come up with is Archimedes' Principle and Non-Archimedean Principal Ideal Domain
almost sounds related
Hypergeometric series are relevant in number theory
oh, how
@bronze pelican
x = x 🤯
That's cute
👀
what video is this
wait
no that's not it LMFAO
my bad I thought it was still the YT video open 💀
Unlock new career opportunities and become data fluent today! Use my link https://bit.ly/MathemaniacDCJan22 and check out the first chapter of any DataCamp course for FREE!
I can't pronounce "parametrisation" lol
A crash course in complex analysis - basically everything leading up to the Residue theorem. This is a more intuitive explanation ...
It's that one
I can't finish it tn though
But good so far
bullet for my valentine more like my bloody valentine
I like MGK too
haha it's fine im also young im just kind of a music nerd
namington arent you a sufjan fan
i feel like 3b1b's manim has become actually really popular and made math educational video making more accessible
i think 3b1b hasn't figured out who their target audience is though, i always take their content with a grain of salt because of this
i found it hilarious that in many streams the dude would do a poll regarding people's level of familiarity with the topic and always would react surprised that people were already familiar with it and not starting from 0
there's some fundamental disconnection between what he thinks the channel is vs what it actually is
that’s a problem with most math YouTubers
I do enjoy his videos though visually
oh and the crypto one which is phenomenal
some of them are good, for sure
His linear alg and Calc series are fantastic
i actually have a huge problem with the linalg one
esp after getting people here who were confused because of those vids
It’s very isolated though with the Lin alg one (I only watched like 3 of them though)
stuff like animating linear transformations is pretty bad
His eigen-shit video did confuse the fuck out of me because I actually found out about them by accident and decided to look it up
speaking about math youtubers
They make more sense now, yeah
do you know edmund weitz edd
i don't :x
very sad
I pretty much just take a few concepts and just scribble and do a lot of algebra and shit with them to figure out what I can do with them
its a german professor of mathematics who makes very good videos
sadly german only and only a few have english subtitles
I liked his 'music and measure theory' vid the best from what I've seen
I haven’t seen that one yet
The one where he covers the rationals on (0,1) with open intervals whose union can have arbitrarily small size
topology!
Has anyone seen the bright side of mathematics YouTube channel? It very nice.
I agree, his videos are kinda all over the place
modern mathematicians screaming when they see an actual number
Idk but do you know about the letter four
and half of the time they're greek
Do you actually need to figure your audience when making a math video?
lol no
not really but it will help
you need to do some sort of "market design" if you want the videos to reach a large audience
you have an audience in mind when you make math content
you know who to target your content to
^^^
this way you know what knowledge level your audience will be and adjust the content based on that
Shit like modular forms are rather intuitive when you think about it from a sorta linear algebra perspective
like any business doesn't NEED to do market research but it will massively help them succeed if they do
But the usage of them doesn’t make sense
ah I see thanks for clarifying.
you can see it two ways
if you have an established audience, then you want to cater to their needs, level, etc so that you keep them engaged and make useful content
if you don't yet have an established audience or wish to change/increase it, then you need to design your content accordingly so that it attracts the people you're aiming for
if you don't do this, the steady audience will see it as "this content is all over the place", and new viewers will run into a random video out of context and think the content is for them when it actually isn't, resulting in an unsteady chunk of viewers
it's the same as why tv shows get cancelled for not keeping up to date with the current cultural trends
Thanks that makes a lot more sense. Also I can see it, the YouTube channels I tend to watch for math often are the ones whose contents match with the current books I am reading to the point each video corresponds to a section/chapter.
Does channels usually have playlist for each course.
Organized is the word I am looking for.
i think so as well
i do find them a little boring but that's just personal taste
3b1b borrows too much from the future to be self contained
Title: Hypergeometric Functions, Character Sums and Applications
Speaker: Prof. Ling Long, Louisiana State University
Abstract: Hypergeometric functions form a class of special functions satisfying a lot of symmetries. They are closely related to the arithmetic of one-parameter families of algebraic varieties, such as the Legendre curves. p-adic...
it's usually "we already know this result, here's another way of interpreting it/arriving at it"
it looks like a good exercise to me
a project is an exercise to me
aaaaaaaa
wow then you better make sure that you pass
i mean its not really math, but 🤷
oh well
group projects in school are kinda 
90% of the time school projects are just
they're just solo projects, but they're making you do them in a group
from my limited experience at least

anyone here studying Pearson A-level at uni level? Need answers about entrance exams
wdym? isnt a level pre-uni?
basically I have a friend who just migrated overseas
his mom assigned him to take A-levels
both of us are clueless about this so that's why Im asking
anyway, he's about to take an entrance exam
wdym at uni level though?
so he migrated i guess to the uk
entrance exam for what specifically
and I wanna know how much of the entrance exams will affect his placement or the options he'll get
Malvern College, Egypt
and for what courses
i have no clue but if they set u an entrance exam they probably expect u to do reasonably well 👀
what does this have to do with a level?
sorry but I need to research a little bit to answer your questions
he said that the entrance exams is for him to study A-levels stuff
Pearson A-levels






and I wish I didn't