#serious-discussion

1 messages · Page 359 of 1

torpid bay
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q_psi i viewed as a complex scalar, which psi as a complex vector, so a dot product wouldn't work, while the pseudo dot above does something similar but instead works over the real and imaginary parts rather than over the vector parts

zealous garden
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Very odd

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what is M?

torpid bay
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oh

zealous garden
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is M=B\gamma?

torpid bay
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M = B

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oop

zealous garden
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Here's Joot's answer

zealous garden
torpid bay
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whats the daggers?

zealous garden
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I'll double check, but they should be reversion

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There's not much use in G^3 for involutions other than reversion

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main involution and clifford conjugation are far less frequent

torpid bay
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my thing essentially does like (0,3) multivector times (1,2) multivector = 01 + 23 multivector

zealous garden
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huh

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wtf

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tyg

torpid bay
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my alarm bells a wee bit slow

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lemme write it out

zealous garden
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The general geometric product between a k-vector and j-vector has terms of grades
|j-k|, |j-k|+2, |j-k|+4, ..., j+k

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what happens if j=2 and k=3?

zealous garden
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Unless you wanted that ||It's necessarily a vector, maybe you did now that I re-read things||

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Reading through this, I'm reminded why I don't like physics

zealous garden
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This maintains the direction of the magnetic (pseudo)vector field doesn't it

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But that's not the direction that the magnetic field will push a particle

torpid bay
zealous garden
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This looks like it maintains the direction of B to me

torpid bay
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yeah that does, but the equation before it has extra stuff

zealous garden
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What is v

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Velocity?

torpid bay
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velocity of charged particle ye

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it's pretty much taken from the usual maxwells, just modified a bit

zealous garden
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so v^E will turn E into a (possibly 0) bivector field, and v^B will turn B into a (possibly 0) trivector field

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But I think you want the bivector to turn into a vector term right

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For forcing purposes

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Where did you get the wedge from?

gray glade
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forcing...

torpid bay
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this was before i knew about GA, so the only reason its there is to replace cross product, i didnt undesrtand grades before

zealous garden
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This is only true if the arguments are 1-vectors

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The proper cross product interpretation is as the commutator product

torpid bay
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lemme take a lookt at my paper hold up

zealous garden
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The commutator of two vectors is the wedge, which makes a bivector

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The commutator of two bivectors, is a bivector!

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(Just like the cross product of two pseudovectors is a pseudovector)

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Fun fact, the commutator of any k-vector and a bivector, is a k-vector

torpid bay
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ah here it is

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original complex number formulation

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$\vec{F} = k_{em}q_\Psi \cdot(\vec{\Psi}+\gamma\vec{\Psi}\times \frac{\vec{v}}{c})$

fathom swallowBOT
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Yeatte

torpid bay
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what i heard vback then is just wedge = i cross

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so i put it in catshrug

zealous garden
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Ah

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Cross product indeed is the dual of the wedge product, between vectors. If you have a pseudovector as an argument it's different

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The commutator of a bivector and a vector, also known as the contraction or dot product between them, yields the vector projected onto the bivector, then rotated 90 degrees within the plane of the bivector

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So thinking about it. We have a pseudovector, and a vector, then we project the vector onto the orthogonal complement of the pseudovector, then rotate it within this space until it is also orthogonal to its projection (and thus itself)

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So this contraction, no imaginary number added, is the cross product

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At least up to sign, I'm not sure about sign here

torpid bay
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ig ill show the temporary curl notation i had to notate specifically acting on ijk instead of anything else

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as well as that switching of E and B in the E+B gamma thing

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,, E+B\gamma = \Psi_1 \ B+E\gamma = \Psi_2 \ q_\Psi_1 = q_e + q_m\gamma \ \text{etc} \ -c\gamma\nabla_{ijk}\times \Psi_1 = J_{\Psi_1} + \pdv{\Psi_1}{t}\c\gamma\nabla_{ijk}\times\Psi_2 = J_{\Psi_2} + \pdv{\Psi_2}{t}

fathom swallowBOT
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Yeatte
Compile Error! Click the errors reaction for more information.
(You may edit your message to recompile.)

torpid bay
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1,1 -> 2
1,2 -> 3

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mm, thats annoyin

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I also made one for split octonions as well

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tho that one ended up having two equivalent ways to write the curl equation, and needed conjugates to do it

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,, \Psi = E+B\gamma \ \Psi' = E-B\gamma \ \text{etc} \ -c\gamma\nabla\times\Psi = J'\Psi+\partial_t\Psi' \ -c\gamma\nabla\times\Psi'=J\Psi+\partial_t\Psi

fathom swallowBOT
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Yeatte

torpid bay
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tho there is one other thing that's cool

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$

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,, (\partial_T + \gamma\nabla\times)\Psi = -J_\Psi \ \text{ curl equation above} \ (\partial_T-\gamma\nabla\times)(\partial_T+\gamma\nabla\times)\Psi = -(\partial_T-\gamma\nalba\times)J_\Psi \ \text{wave equation with charges included above}

fathom swallowBOT
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Yeatte
Compile Error! Click the errors reaction for more information.
(You may edit your message to recompile.)

zealous garden
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Axler is almost too good, but Roman is better

torpid bay
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ig ill modfy the things a bit to make it work

carmine zephyr
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Axler hates determinants, so I hate Axler

zealous garden
carmine zephyr
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He puts them at the end of the book! This is pedagogically terrible

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His treatment of them is fine (it's the right definition, but I have seen it done that way earlier in other books), but the man literally wrote an essay called "Down With Determinants". He is not to be trusted

zealous garden
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Determinants belong later in a book

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you should introduce vectorspaces, linear maps, and exterior algebras first

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And Axler proved his point that you don't need them for very many things

carmine zephyr
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Absolutely you should do vector spaces and linear maps first, those are what linear algebra is about

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But not exterior algebras, come on

zealous garden
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this is the only right way to define the determinant

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They also give you a nifty way to talk about other objects in linear algebra and characteristics of linear maps, eigenspaces and eigenblades go brrr

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And using the appropriate definition of determinant here also makes proving basic properties of the determinant trivial

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and by trivial I don't just mean "oh it's just a computation" but "oh it's just this really easy computation"

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And a lot of the properties of the determinant that people care about are actually just properties of the exterior product, whose structure underlies the determinant

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So it's the clearer route as well

carmine zephyr
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Introducing an entirely new and usually unnecessary abstraction is not the clearer route lmao

zealous garden
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It's not entirely new? If you mean to the student, the entire subject is new to the student so that means nothing

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Pretty sure I got it from a Dorst paper, gimme a minute

zealous garden
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I could just as easily do everything with lines and lines of scalar equations, and refuse to recognize the linear algebra underlying it all, then call linear algebra itself "an entirely new and usually unnecessary abstraction". The point is in clarity, and sometimes conciseness.

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And really exterior algebra is not that large of a jump up from vector algebra, at all

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and it makes things like the cross product and determinant make infinitely more sense

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I almost want to say the relationship is functorial, but I don't know what that means

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What I can tell you is that by the universal property of exterior algebras, every linear map between vectorspaces extends uniquely to an algebra homomorphism between their exterior algebras

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If you go all the way out to geometric algebra, there is a formula for the inverse of a linear map. It uses the determinant, dual, and an innermorphism (adjoint of an outermorphism)

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"Why do I care, I have a formula for that, it uses the determinant and the adjugate, that's fewer parts!"

It uses a basis (matrix representations). Here we can see $$(\mathrm{adj }f)(x)=I^{-1}\overline{f}(Ix)$$

fathom swallowBOT
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wraithlord_kototality

zealous garden
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where overline f is the innermorphism of f

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Leo Dorst does some cool stuff, you should also check out his paper on oriented projective geometry through versors of R^3,3

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There's a very nice construction in there of an oriented projective space in 3 dimensions, that doesn't start out from terribly weird territory at all

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It lands you in a Geometric Algebra over the 6 dimensional space R^3,3, which is unexpected.

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It really sucks that this construction only works in 3 dimensions

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the TL;DR: If we start with the usual homogeneous coordinates model, with points in 3D space being represented in a 4D linear space so that we can use affine maps yada yada, we can assume no metric and take the exterior algebra, a clifford algebra

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from this clifford algebra we look at the space of bivectors, which in 4D, is 6 dimensional

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geometrically, these are lines

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specifically, if we take two points, which are vectors (although you could probably take two planes instead and use a dual representation, where vectors are planes), then the wedge product is a bivector that represents a line through the two points (or the intersection of the two planes).

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Since we are in 4D, we are really really lucky

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We won't assume a full basis, but you might usually need one to find what I do want, let's assume we have a pseudoscalar I, so if you had a basis, just the wedge of all basis vectors. Then using the pseudoscalar, we can define a quadratic form on the space of bivectors

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that is

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taking two bivectors $b,c\in\Lambda^2\bR^4$, we can define a nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form $\langle\cdot,\cdot\rangle:\Lambda^2\bR^4\times\Lambda^2\bR^4\to\bR$ by setting $b\wedge c =: \langle b,c\rangle \mathcal I$

fathom swallowBOT
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wraithlord_kototality

zealous garden
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This is the part that only works in 3D

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but after that, we now have a quadratic form on the space of oriented lines through space

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He then shows that the resulting clifford algebra contains all projective colineations, correlations, whatever other big words

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It's also the mother algebra of R^3, which has a very different way of talking about all linear maps on R^3 and its dual space, at the same time

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All this plus it's 6D, which is like right at the limit of where a lot of the theorems I've heard about the computational aspects of GA start to get nutty

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Like I know at a certain point the inverse of a k-vector might not be another k-vector

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-# regulus

carmine zephyr
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Look I'm all for telling students that there is exactly one multilinear skew-symmetric normalized function from the n-fold product of R^n to R. That's true and great. BUT

zealous garden
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that's not my definition

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that's not axler's definition either

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it's defined through the outermorphism

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maybe the old version is the weaker one

carmine zephyr
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It's not from Axler, it's from Shurman's analysis book

zealous garden
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in the latest edition, he defines it through the outermorphism

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Well, that is still lame

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It's not eevn an n-linear map on R^n!

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it's a homomorphism From End(V) to the multiplicative monoid of F

carmine zephyr
zealous garden
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Wait hold on

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someone has told me I'm weird for caring about this difference before

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I don't care if I'm weird for it, I care about it

carmine zephyr
zealous garden
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because the difference is precisely the flesh connecting to the exterior product

zealous garden
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it's a linear map
-# tf did I smoke

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You can use your extra structure, like a basis, to induce an ordered n-tuple of vectors, and then you can run that backwards to the determinant

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but the determinant acts on linear maps

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the wedge product acts on vectors and k-vectors

hot lion
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yeah tbh I feel like the determinant is perfectly intuitive really idk what the beef is with it

zealous garden
hot lion
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sure the formula maybe feels a bit mysterious but also n-dimensional volumes are kinda hard to compute

carmine zephyr
zealous garden
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it's easy to justify the wedge product's properties from the properties of oriented parallelograms in 2D space

hot lion
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idk I feel like that'd really confuse students

zealous garden
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$f(\mathcal I)=(\det f)\mathcal I$

fathom swallowBOT
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wraithlord_kototality

zealous garden
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so clean

zealous garden
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then use that to do exactly what it said on the tin?

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what's confusing

carmine zephyr
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All of this is about the philosophy of how a linear algebra course should be taught, and how a textbook on the subject should be organized. Putting the determinant last lets Axler show off all his clever little tricks - which are no doubt great if you want to learn about minimal polynomials! - but they are not actually going to help you teach the subject

hot lion
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I mean why not just introduce the determinant to do that

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and then you don't have to mess with multilinear maps or any wedge stuff

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tbh I was convinced at first by geometric algebra things but the more I think about it the more I think its just more confusing kekw

zealous garden
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You are turning the determinant into a multilinear map!

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and you are stepping towards the wedge product

hot lion
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but like why

zealous garden
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why not just start at the wedge product and realize you had less steps to go through

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plus it's then coordinate and dimension independent

carmine zephyr
hot lion
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abstraction is hard, I find math people (includiing myself) often overestimate students capacity for digesting new abstractions

zealous garden
hot lion
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mostly because abstractions are only easy and natural once you are familiar with the concrete thing you are abstracting away from

zealous garden
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You should be familiar with the thing in isolation before you spread it across a manifold

peak tide
zealous garden
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how is that hard

hot lion
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introducing new notation, new rules, all sorts of things

zealous garden
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it's literally as difficult as the vectors they just got a hang of

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it's less difficult than the pseudovector bullshit

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Yeah the biggest thing for Axler in particular is that he intends it a second course, so he has excuses to take weird routes

carmine zephyr
zealous garden
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The wedge product is a very basic thing, if you can do a cross product you can do a wedge product.

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It's that simple

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and then after that, you can introduce the determinant

hot lion
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yes but you're adding more notation and more rules to remember and for what

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it doesn't really do anything until you do differential geometry anyway

zealous garden
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To make the other rules easier to remember

carmine zephyr
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(And R^7, I guess, but ew)

latent edge
zealous garden
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I don't use it \neq It doesn't do anything

hot lion
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ya cross product I had to relearn to TA multivariable calc lol

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the other issue I have with geometric algebra is that it relies a lot on the ability of students to comprehend this big abstract space and consider thigns like formal sums of scalars and bivectors

zealous garden
hot lion
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ok like what though

zealous garden
hot lion
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and even then it comes at a high abstraction cost

carmine zephyr
hot lion
zealous garden
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I know it is an issue, but it should not be

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You've been taking formal sums for years before you meet GA

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There are ways to show them what some examples might mean sure

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and most things you encounter in practice will have meaning

hot lion
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also the idea of having these formal sums is just really not quite that intuitive at all at least compared to just like vectors

zealous garden
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Yeah but you don't get them unless you ask for them

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Oh wait you meant geometric algebra specifically?

zealous garden
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so the addition is wrong, you would factor it

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the catch being there are infinitely many factorizations depending on which vector you start with

hot lion
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ok but that's arguably even more confusing opencry

zealous garden
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It's only confusing if you don't know about the sandwich

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you start with the sandwich

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dot, wedge, gp, WHY? draw a triangle, make a sandwich, move on

hot lion
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uh huh

zealous garden
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What I'm referring to here is deriving through geometry exactly how you can reflect one vector across the hyperplane orthogonal to another one, how the GP is invertible, and how this "invertible dot product" lets us derive the sandwich product which handles transformations

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this is a very basic task

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What do you find funny

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do you think it's not basic

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Have you done it?

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Have you seen it?

carmine zephyr
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I think at this point you are either trolling, or I would hate to be in your linear algebra class

zealous garden
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Someone else just told me they'd love to see people in linear algebra react to me

zealous garden
foggy meadow
zealous garden
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you get me!

carmine zephyr
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All this stuff is great for grad linear algebra but I disagree strongly that it has any place in a second undergraduate course on the subject ¯_(ツ)_/¯

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Usually a student's first proof-based course

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(in lin alg)

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So they've got plenty of abstraction to grapple with as is, and throwing wedge products at them is just not it

hot lion
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for sure

zealous garden
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go to 2D, draw 2 vectors, draw the line orthogonal to one

the reflection through this line is equal to the vector minus TWICE its projection onto the line

we learned projection thanks to normalization and the dot product

this gives us a workable form $R_v(u)= u - 2P_v(u)=u - 2 (\frac{v}{\norm{v}}\cdot u)\frac{v}{\norm{v}}$, we then use the most basic of properties of the GP, to get $R_v(u)= u - (vu+uv)\frac{v}{\norm{v}^2}= -vuv^{-1}$

fathom swallowBOT
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wraithlord_kototality

hot lion
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problem with abstraction is that once you understand a particular abstraction it becomes very hard to understand what it feels like to not understand it

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while at the same time often feeling much more intuitive

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I've run into this a good bit when explaining things tbh, in my head something is just so clear and intuitive but when I start explaining it I realize that the only reason its so intuitive is that I've already fully internalized all of these extra abstractions

zealous garden
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This is genuinely basic

foggy meadow
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Like anything in life opencry.

zealous garden
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The wedge product isn't complicated

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differential forms are

hot lion
foggy meadow
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"problem with learning how a toaster works is that once you understand it. That it becomes very hard to understand what it feels like to not understand it."

zealous garden
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Like if you can take basic linear algebra, you can handle this

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if you can draw the vectors and do the thing

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you can do this

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this isn't even a second course thing

foggy meadow
hot lion
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idk to me math has a lot more concepts that feel like a completely different world before and after you understand them

foggy meadow
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I mean if I always follow the instructions on the packet. Then I will never know truly how to cook.

zealous garden
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k-vectors don't stop being non-simple until 4D

hot lion
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there are plenty of things in life that I don't understand, then I learn them, and know I still understand completely what its like to not understand it because its just not that deep

zealous garden
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multivectors aren't hard to grok until you add k-vectors and j-vectors instead of multiplying them

zealous garden
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you don't add vectors and matrices do you? no? you multiply them?

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so lets multiply the k-vectors and j-vectors

hot lion
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have you ever taught linear algebra

zealous garden
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Exterior algebra has them too!

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I've never taken linear algebra

carmine zephyr
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...

hot lion
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ok I think we can be done here then

foggy meadow
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Hi rakko

zealous garden
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You the best

foggy meadow
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How goes the math?

zealous garden
hot lion
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my point is if you haven't interacted with students you don't really have any idea what is or isn't easy or intuitive

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you're just guessing based on yourself

marsh cloak
foggy meadow
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Yeah, I had that moment for a bit.

zealous garden
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not linear algebra, but generally speaking

foggy meadow
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Or at least counter intuitive.

zealous garden
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I don't know what it means! My sister is the biggest culprit, she'll ask me for help, insist she doesn't know, I'll look over her work and everything is right, I'll ask her some questions and she gets them right, I ask her what the problem is and never get an actionable answer

zealous garden
zealous garden
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Unless you want to argue with me

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I'll argue with anyone for any reason and any length of time

zealous garden
foggy meadow
foggy meadow
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Hi yj.

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How goes the mathing?

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What have you been working on?

#

What's the difference between algebraic number theory and just number theory?

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Cool stuff as in Landland's program?

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Or cool stuff as in something else?

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Honestly all this stuff is over my head, and it's cool you're into this stuff.

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I want to understand some number theory more, because I feel like it'll be helpful or something.

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The more I hear about primes the more weird they actually are.

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I still need to learn about sheafs more deeply opencry. I had a friend explain them conceptually, but I really don't get them fully.

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Yeah my friend explained them like that.

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Sounds like he gave me a good prespective. It's deals with every function or something around that. I forget the details, because I don't deal with them much.

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Yeah, I deal with totally different stuff opencry .

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I mean it's a neat idea, but like idk.

compact widget
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is it jover if i have a medical reason that im having trouble submitting my homework on time

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i got bit by a dog in the weekend and that rlly messed up my weekend

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idk if i should talk to my professor about it

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i might just submit what i have done 😔

compact widget
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i can get a doctors letter too

silver basalt
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HELLO EMPTY VOID

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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

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METH SERVER HAS NO AMPHETAMINES WHAT A SCAM

hollow rain
#

that sucks, how're you supposed to keep your ADHD in check?

hollow rain
silver basalt
hollow rain
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Dang it

acoustic anvil
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need help with captcha

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any1 can elp?

silver basalt
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the clankers are asking for help

limber thunder
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i thought clankers had rentahuman dot ai now

ionic tree
rich quail
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OMG WHAT ANIMAL IS THIS???
ITS SO CUTEEEEEEE

#

I think I know oit but i dont remember the name

ionic tree
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i think its a chicken

rich quail
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Lol nozoomi

long matrix
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furrer

rich quail
restive mirage
#

I hate Newton and his "PHYSICS"🚫

knotty shell
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At least i dont have math anymore

stuck tendon
jaunty olive
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Guy who invented calculus

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While got fired Leibniz was watching

still light
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...

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May it always be truthful and always last, may the saddest days of your future be no worse than the happiest of your past. Us all blessing each other this way seems to be good math. . 🙂

gray glade
old oak
#

Not the best taste in youtubers

gray glade
#

just the results from googling "crisis in cosmology"

torpid bay
#

ah sabine

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sigh

old oak
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sighbine

hard oasis
#

I've never watched her videos; are they good or bad?
(Now I'm a Mathologer enjoyer catGiggle)

gray glade
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they are rather pointless

plush idol
#

Finishing my masters and existentially terrified of the effect of ai on math careers

#

I’m irrationally worried there won’t be any PhD positions by the time I apply

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For next cycle

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Probably irrational but I have a lot of resentment towards cs bros because of this

vernal lily
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And it's exactly backwards

plush idol
#

Yep

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A bunch of CS bros who think everyone hates their job think a world without work is utopia

#

It’s a world without purpose

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Anyway

sharp lake
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Hi people with ADHD. How do you study a math textbook without your brain dissolving your concentration?

foggy meadow
sharp lake
#

Huh?
Personally I think reading math can be very annoying at first, because you need to understand every word of the author. It gets okay with problems, because its your own logic, but reading others math (or coding) can be difficult sometimes.

#

It gets worse when theres so much distractions too. Thats why I always put phone away.

sharp mulch
sharp lake
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I apologize, but the channel was hidden for me.

knotty beacon
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yo guys

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whats 9+3

quasi pumice
#

928

knotty beacon
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thanks

quasi pumice
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Ur welcome

old oak
hallow fulcrum
#

Hi

shadow palm
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Hello nerds²

latent edge
small dust
latent canyon
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exam tomorrow 😔

pure stream
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Hi

full hornet
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im loving these stickers

mild ruin
#

what's the best channel to self study ap calc a/b? (taking the exam at may 💔 )

zealous bronze
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or just khan academy

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thats probably the best one

willow juniper
plush idol
small dust
#

why would you need a job to do math hmmCat

plush idol
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What’s the point in doing math if AI solves all the problems

small dust
#

since when is ai solving all the problems hmmCat

zealous bronze
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if ai gets to a point where it can do that then the entirety of society is fucked basically

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the good news is that it wont happen anytime soon

vivid halo
plush idol
#

It’s just depressing

vivid halo
#

Not really

#

Much to be excited about

#

More than ever

plush idol
#

Like the day an LLM does what it did in bio and some CS bro who drunk his way thru college and who’s only skill is getting investors to give him money to buy compute power wins a fields medal because he had a big enough data center to prove a famous conjecture

#

That will suck so hard

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It already happened to the biologists

vivid halo
zealous bronze
vivid halo
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These are all incredibly stupid takes

zealous bronze
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i dont think this will happen, im saying if it does

gray glade
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AI proving a theorem sounds exciting

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Maybe not necessarily the good exciting

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Maybe it will exasperate me

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But maybe it will also be fun

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For the hat tile, it would have been rather deflating tho, I'm glad that got proven by humans first lol

zealous bronze
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the real problem is the effects of unemployment such technology would have. if you don't think that is an issue i don't know what to say

gray glade
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I wonder if people complained about machinery replacing menial jobs back in the day

vivid halo
#

I mean the usefulness of these kinds of AI tools is fundamentally quite limited here even if you grant oracle like abilities of deciding truth of mathematical statements, this does not actually put mathematicians out of jobs because this is not actually the job of mathematicians in the first place

gray glade
#

Of course, being a mathematician, programmer or artist is more fulfilling than ploughing the fields or doing rote work at the conveyor belt...

zealous bronze
vivid halo
#

this is maybe a more realistic concern yes but I'm speaking to research mathematicians specifically

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a lot of low level teaching jobs are already automated away from the hands of researchers through the exploitation of graduate students and adjuncts

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if we could somehow remove the need for this busy labor that would be great

#

I'm a bit skeptical as to how well this can actually be done with these tools but whatever

#

but these tools will never be able to train people to do research, nor are they particularly useful for the parts of mathematics research which are actually interesting

zealous bronze
vivid halo
#

I really don't think this is a realistic thing to be worried about

zealous bronze
#

yeah i agree

#

if it does happen, it won't be anytime soon, maybe not even within my lifetime

vivid halo
#

yeah agreed

#

like if you extrapolate current trends, these models are becoming exponentially better at some less interesting mathematics tasks and yet they show virtually no signs of becoming better at certain more interesting tasks

#

the more interesting trend line here has slope 0 so like idk I don't find this so threatening overall

small dust
#

these people in the 1980s: nooooooooooooo computers are gonna do all calculations for us and i can't work

vivid halo
#

this isn't really how this works

#

these models don't just magically learn to reason able new definitions which are completely outside their training data

#

you can always train new models but this is far too expensive in practice for this to be a worry

zealous bronze
vivid halo
zealous bronze
#

yeah severely doubt LLMs will ever do interesting math

vivid halo
#

this is a very good recent interview between my PhD advisor and AI researchers on this overall issue

#

like fundamentally the issue is that these models are really limited in their ability to generate actual new mathematical insights and intuitions, this is maybe the most important job of mathematicians beyond merely deciding which statements are true

zealous bronze
#

well with the current models you can sometimes probe it to push a result like 2% further, thats about as far as its gone

#

basically what happened with the erdos problem thing

#

and even then thats in edge cases

plush idol
vivid halo
#

in particular these tools may become very good at solving open conjectures but they are rather useless for the task of generating new interesting conjectures in the first place

vivid halo
zealous bronze
vivid halo
#

it's very easy to get spooked about this sort of thing if you have some very narrow and limited view of what mathematicians are actually doing

zealous bronze
#

maybe some smaller stuff sure

plush idol
#

I suppose I just don’t know enough number theory to see how hard these conjectures being proven actually are

plush idol
zealous bronze
plush idol
#

Last night axiom math published another thing

#

That’s what sparked my initial comment

#

This isn’t rlly number theory tbf and many ppl saying it’s just easy

#

So then I guess I’m overreacting

zealous bronze
plush idol
#

Yeah fair

#

Acceptances at all grad programs are very down this year tho that’s prob more due to funding than AI

vivid halo
#

China is a completely different situation of course

#

for all the speculation and worry about AI completely cratering academic jobs, these kinds of political and economic issues are a much bigger worry

opal pulsar
#

So how’s AI psychosis treating this server? You folks seeing a lot of cases?

old oak
#

The mathematical community has been dealing with the crank phenomenon since well before the advent of GenAI; LLMs have just intensified it a bit, but I don't see it as a qualitative change

gritty heath
#

The quantitative changes though

limber thunder
#

before consumer genAI cranks just strung together random cool-sounding concepts into a few pages of gibberish trying to sound smart, after genAI it's that but now with a sycophantic bot that validates their crap and tells them plausible-sounding gibberish which they trust blindly

#

@vivid halo

urban vigil
#

Idk why common people cease to understand that

#

Like the fundamental reason they are scientists/mathematicians is "they are literally gaining new insights and connecting dots which llms won't ever do"

#

Like fundamentally, llms are just "guess and check" basically, it can never close the fundamental limit for "reasoning"

urban vigil
wooden hound
#

Hi Guys I’m. Alittle confused in limits

#

is limits like trying to find the slope at exactly one point, but can’t, so u find the slope by 2 points that are extremely close to each other?

stiff turtle
#

Even I saw a definition of limits like that from yt a few years back and ig it isn't that good

#

You can read that msg of mine for limits if you have any other doubts I'm happy to help

mint patio
#

I don’t understand this. I’m pretty sure my professor uses the notation e_i e_j to mean e_i \otimes e_j. That’s how we defined the gradient. But then how does the expression (e_m \cdot e_p) \otimes e_q make sense? How do you tensor product a rank zero tensor (scalar) and a rank one tensor (vector)?

#

This seems like ridiculous abuse of notation

long matrix
#

misbracketed the 1st line?

mint patio
#

Where?

long matrix
#

if u move the last right bracket back one it makes sense

#

maybe.

mint patio
#

Doesn’t the tensor decomposition need the tensor product of the basis vectors?

long matrix
#

i dont know

mint patio
#

and even then you still end up with line two which is scalar otimes vector

long matrix
#

i dont know what ur doing, i can just see things

mint patio
#

this is my professor’s work and I too do not know shuwui 😔

long matrix
#

whats written there makes sense if what i said was true

#

i dont know any more

mint patio
#

Ya ig I will go office hours sometime

agile crest
#

im wrong nvm

wooden hound
mint patio
#

ig you can tensor product a scalar and vector? it’s just scalar multiplication I think

sharp mulch
#

The notation looks fine to me

stiff turtle
agile crest
#

i think its just scalar multiplication. im not familiar with your notations but the inner product probably comes from raising indices, which is in the definition of div

mint patio
spare topaz
#

Bias variance tradeoff should not exist and should not be taught

hollow slate
#

Does asking for help with either past or practice (I forgot which) AP exam questions that my teacher assigned as classwork count as using help channels for a test

night garden
#

But they wont give answers ur just gonna be guided to it so ur basically still doing the work

agile crest
#

Fun fact: 'If 2^x and 3^x are integers simultaneously, then is x an integer?" is still an open problem. But we already knew that if 2^x, 3^x and 5^x are integers simultaneously, then x is an integer.

night garden
#

I have proved this rigorously

#

Via 🧠

cosmic oxide
#

Would an infinite space have no center, or would every point be the center?

night garden
void inlet
#

Is anyone else just getting rejection letters from the graduate programs they applied to?

torn remnant
#

i haven't gotten any responses

#

didnt apply until like december though

foggy meadow
#

Strong paradolia.

torn remnant
#

that low quality version looks more like a duck or something to me

foggy meadow
#

@vivid halo I have a dumb question probably about q-pochhammer symbol.

#

$\sum_{n=1}^{N-1}\ln\left(1-aq^{n}\right)=\ln\left(\prod_{n=1}^{N-1}\left(1-aq^{n}\right)\right)=\ln\left(\left(1-aq^{n}\right)!\right)$

fathom swallowBOT
#

DisOneGuy

foggy meadow
#

Is this true?

#

idk what n would be now on the left side, but I'm leaving it there.

mild nebula
#

You might have to explain to me where the factorial came from

old oak
#

What for?

foggy meadow
vivid halo
urban vigil
#

H

foggy meadow
# vivid halo uhh

Hi, I just was realizing you could do q analogue stuff and make it into sums. Which I found neat. I think there's a way to relate it to log gamma probably, but I'm not sure exactly.

vivid halo
foggy meadow
vivid halo
#

the log isn't really doing anything lol

neat lintel
#

Is anyone the best at mathematics here

foggy meadow
vivid halo
#

I mean sure but this has no extra content

neat lintel
#

I have a problem here please somebody help me, it will be appreciated

foggy meadow
vivid halo
#

usually the natural form you want to write these things involves products and exponential form anyways

vivid halo
foggy meadow
#

I mean, has it been tried?

vivid halo
#

you don't just produce interesting q-analog identities by screwing around like this, they need to come from a deeper source than the original identities themselves

foggy meadow
#

Okay, wwell that's uninteresting.

#

Dang.

vivid halo
#

no you have it completely backwards this is profoundly interesting

foggy meadow
#

I mean what's interesting is up to the person.
I don't dis like it, but I would have to be in a different context to appreciate it fully.

vivid halo
#

usually these q-series with arithmetic significance are very hard to pull out of thin air, they need to come from some rather deep constructions

foggy meadow
#

Yeah, I got it when you said that.

vivid halo
#

the main place you go looking for these things is t-deformed q-difference equations

#

q-difference equations are very very hard to solve

noble tinsel
#

why is discussy 2 alive

foggy meadow
noble tinsel
#

heresy

vivid halo
#

usually once you have these q-series you are able to extract more classical special functions asymptotically

#

the appearance of Li_2(t) in the asymptotics for (t;q)_\infty in the limit q->1 is precisely why these things are related to quantum dilogarithms

foggy meadow
#

Yeah, but all that stuff I'd really have to learn and understand. Like I can see it and be like neat, but then I can't just treat them normally.

vivid halo
#

yeah I mean this is very hard and magical stuff

#

there is a standard story to learn about this stuff though

foggy meadow
#

Well if the sum log thing is ick, then like 🤷‍♂️ . Ugh.

vivid halo
#

like it is worth spending some time with the q-deformed version of the 5-term relation for the dilogarithm

#

you get a similar relation for the quantum dilogarithm and there are loads of very classical kinds of proofs for this

#

one such proof comes from the Jacobi triple identity for theta functions

#

pages 26 and onwards in this Zagier paper give a wonderful survey of this sort of thing

#

you have to remember that variables are no longer commutative in this setting

#

they are only q-commutative

#

this is why this setting is so rich and why the identities are so much harder to prove

#

The theory of $q$-Whittaker functions for classical types is known to have a (quantum) cluster algebra realization.
In this framework, a natural connection with the quantum dilogarithm is known. We show how this extends to the more general case of Macdonald theory in type A. We propose new Givental-like and Mellin-Barnes-like expressions for the...

▶ Play video
#

this is probably the single cleanest introduction I have ever seen for this sort of story

#

loads of very explicit computations and examples whole way through

remote pendant
#

Hello

rich quail
#

Heyyyyyynozoomi

gilded gulch
#

why are above chat closing?

#

like those # hate

viral oracle
#

because the helpees are done with their help session

gilded gulch
#

wht are helpees

viral oracle
#

people asking for help

gilded gulch
#

im new

gilded gulch
spice belfry
viral oracle
#

no.

spice belfry
viral oracle
#

cuz I don't even know who you are

spice belfry
#

Your resolve reminds me of my former student

spice belfry
viral oracle
#

!help

quasi jettyBOT
#

To ask for mathematics help on this server, please open your own help channel or help thread. See #❓how-to-get-help for instructions.

spice belfry
spice belfry
#

no

magic python
fresh comet
odd spoke
#

Hello

worldly horizon
#

,ui

fathom swallowBOT
#
finestperfectionism (1311394031640776716)

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Name: Infinium³
​ ​ Nickname: None
​ ​ ​ Seen in: 2 guilds
​ Joined at: <t:1755056314:F>
Created at: <t:1732731102:F>

Roles

he/him, they/them, Helpful, Chess, Archivist, Meta, Undergraduate Math, Talks, Bot Enthusiast

Join order
250483.     ahmed_tk1
250484.     ayomidewealthbuilder
250485.     tranquil_n0va
250486.   > finestperfectionism
250487.     rom64
250488.     primehp05
250489.     famousrelic19
worldly horizon
#

pairs o²f tw

wraith magnet
worldly horizon
#

OH SHIT

wraith magnet
worldly horizon
wraith magnet
#

aura loss

worldly horizon
#

modz don’t ban me

wraith magnet
worldly horizon
quasi jettyBOT
# fathom swallow

Please read the channel description before posting, and stay on topic.

worldly horizon
#

I saw higher, hanako, and definitely car and my brain defaulted to bots. dorime

rancid cave
#

does anyone know how to get helpful role?

#

because i've been here for like 1 years i think and i've been helping ppl in math help for pretty long time now

fathom lance
worldly horizon
#

Progress towards helpful never degrades, and both the forums and regular chnanels count.

fresh comet
rancid cave
#

at least thats what i see

brave flare
agile fiber
#

the help channels are calling matroid

worldly horizon
rancid cave
#

that doesnt mean they should come in and tell ppl to search it up because someone doesnt know something

#

and saying that we are not a search engine

jagged idol
#

you know like people who come back to their high schools as like volunteers or judges or coaches it’s lowk giving peaked in high school

brave flare
# agile fiber the help channels are calling matroid

there was a time where i was somewhat active in help channels but nowadays i cant look at calculations anymore
if i ever come across a help channel like "how do i do this group theory exercise" i might hop on

radiant sparrow
worldly horizon
#

-# Will do. catThumbsUp❤️

pure sapphire
#

Which language should i start learning, python or c++?

limber thunder
pure sapphire
gilded gulch
#

start w java like for base then you will understand c++ and python very easily

shadow palm
#

Hello nerds²

shadow palm
rancid cave
#

there are no libraries for you to learn

brittle jasper
olive fjord
#

Man wants to ask his crush out but is shy

His friend tells him, just be non chalant and say “You’re an 8 on a scale of 10”

The Man was confused by this advice, he didn’t know why this would work, but considering his friend has had luck with the ladies,

he cast his doubts aside, trusted his friend’s advice and went to her and said “Urinate on a skeleton”

willow herald
rocky shuttle
#

<@&268886789983436800> spam in several channels

gilded gulch
worthy yacht
#

Are you have any yt channel??

#

I mean Youtube

unborn meteor
#

<@&268886789983436800>

mint patio
#

Hola amigos! I do not speak the Calculus of Variations

#

Can anyone please explain why $\delta(N_I(x)u_I(t)) = N_I(x) \delta(u_i(t))$?

fathom swallowBOT
#

feather

mint patio
#

Someone explained it to me as "in the context of the problem we are varying u, so that's how we know we take the variation of u only" but that is not satisfying to me

#

If I did not have context, how would I know? Does the variation operator obey any product rule?

#

Because then I could justify it as $\delta(...) = \delta(N_I(x))u(t) + N_I(x)\delta(u(t))$ and since $N_I(x)$ is a defined function then it can have no variation?

fathom swallowBOT
#

feather

long kayak
# mint patio Can anyone please explain why $\delta(N_I(x)u_I(t)) = N_I(x) \delta(u_i(t))$?

The key point is that the displacement field is approximated as a linear combination of shape functions

u(x,t)=I∑​NI​(x)uI​(t)
where the shape functions 𝑁𝐼(𝑥) depend only on space, and the nodal values 𝑢𝐼(𝑡) dependo only on time
Now, the variation operator has two important properties. one of them being linearity:
(a+b)=δa+δb,δ(ca)=cδa
for any constant c
And also independent quantities do not vary, spatial shape functions 𝑁𝐼(𝑥) are fixed functions, so δNI(x)=0

#

now, applying this to your expression:
You can start with:

δ(NI​(x)uI​(t))
and using the product rule for variations:
δ(NI​uI​)=(δNI​)uI​+NI​δuI​
but since NI(x) is fixed,
δNI​(x)=0.
Therefore you get
δ(NI​(x)uI​(t))=NI​(x)δuI​(t)

mint patio
#

I'm the goat actually

#

Thank you 🤩

long kayak
#

Always!

mint patio
#

You study FEM?

rocky shuttle
#

Now I'm offended

mint patio
#

Why? 💀

long kayak
rocky shuttle
#

Jk, but there's literally no difference to what I said about the shape functions being independent of u KEK

mint patio
#

This makes more sense to me because now the variational operator is independent of the function you're taking the variation wrt

mint patio
long kayak
#

im a bit rusty

mint patio
#

My go-at

#

Thank you sir!

long kayak
velvet dagger
pure hollow
mint patio
#

hi convyyy how you is

pure hollow
mint patio
#

I am just alright 😛 not the worst

pure hollow
#

I didn't know that you started your FEM arc tbh

mint patio
#

LOL You study it?

#

I’m taking a course for it and I guess I want to do something adjacent for it so it seemed right

pure hollow
mint patio
#

What is TDA?

pure hollow
#

Topological data analysis

mint patio
#

I GUESSED IT

pure hollow
#

Lmao

mint patio
#

ME GOATTT

#

What is that?

pure hollow
pure hollow
mint patio
#

What is higher dimensional data? Do you have an example?

pure hollow
mint patio
#

Go on

pure hollow
mint patio
#

You will make big money in data analytics

pure hollow
#

If there's someone who will employ me happy

latent edge
#

what convy said

royal crane
#

yo chat does this order look right? ODEs + Calc 3 --> Lin Alg --> PDEs

noble tinsel
brave flare
#

what!

royal crane
noble tinsel
#

Pre-arithmetics -> Algebra -> Pre-algebra -> Calculus

royal crane
royal crane
noble tinsel
analog abyss
royal crane
#

idk where to do ocmplex analyiss

noble tinsel
#

Reinvent it

royal crane
#

done

#

now what

#

ah yes prearithmetics

noble tinsel
#

ofc

royal crane
#

that i finished with arthmetics

#

have I completed math?

noble tinsel
#

You still need Pre-Pre-arithmetics

royal crane
noble tinsel
#

You finished maths

#

I guess we can all go home now

vernal lily
old oak
#

Very unlikely

neat lintel
#

HIIII, Does anyone have any tips on how to become better at understanding physics as someone who understands math better ?? Sorry i'm new if i'm not supposed to ask the question here

vivid halo
neat lintel
#

college i have toooooo

vivid halo
#

oh okay so not like actual research stuff

neat lintel
#

yes hhahah

loud marsh
fresh comet
rocky shuttle
somber minnow
#

hi

dreamy crag
#

Hellowo

silent junco
latent edge
buoyant barn
#

hey can i share a new thoery i found in group thoery?

#

with proof?

alpine badge
fresh comet
shadow palm
snow ice
formal dagger
mortal cargo
west valve
#

.

#

Oof wrong channel

modest anchor
west valve
#

Idk

modest anchor
#

You should study hard buddy.

night wyvern
night wyvern
west valve
#

Too tiny for this

fathom lance
#

imagine having school tomorrow

wicked oxide
#

I have school right now

fathom lance
#

I’m about to go to sleep though and get some lala land tmr at 10am

#

literally love it when I don’t have to go to that jail cell

shadow palm
#

@wicked oxide
Welcome to Mathcord, new nerd

lethal knot
#

@gilded vine

gilded vine
#

kongouderp ?

lethal knot
gilded vine
#

if you want to DM me, perhaps close this channel first, notify me in ⁠discussion-2 about what you want to discuss, then I'll let you know if I am comfortable discussing with you.

sonic sleet
#

hello

#

guys

#

sup

balmy portal
#

How to do. The helper thing idk how

sonic sleet
#

hmm

fresh comet
rocky shuttle
fresh comet
rocky shuttle
fresh comet
rocky shuttle
fresh comet
fluid patrol
neat lintel
dull agate
fresh comet
viral oracle
rich quail
rich quail
#

YAYYYYYYYYYYY

grim flax
viral oracle
#

indeed

pure hollow
#

Foxes aren't real

viral oracle
#

rip @serene vault

fresh comet
pure hollow
viral oracle
#

🦊 KEK

solid yarrow
solid yarrow
rich quail
frosty zephyr
#

Guys can someone tell me

#

Cool jobs

#

With pcm math stream

#

Also with high pay

#

I want sm like cybersec
Is anyone in cybersecurity?

twilit knoll
#

does anyone know how geogebra determines if two points, lines, etc are the same?

fresh comet
mortal cargo
rocky shuttle
fresh comet
dusky rose
#

i have just joined this server

#

what is this place

cerulean oracle
#

no idea, me new too

dusky rose
#

this place is really big and i'm scared

cerulean oracle
#

indeed

elfin smelt
#

i recommend staying towards more topic oriented channels..

#

it can be easy to get lost in the flow of discussion lmao

cerulean oracle
#

it feels like they're active 24/7

elfin smelt
#

ive seen discussion quiet for like, at most 30 minutes once at 4 am EST

rotund girder
fresh comet
frosty zephyr
rotund girder
frosty zephyr
#

Phy chem math

#

Its like

#

Stem

#

Science in hs

shadow palm
rotund girder
frosty zephyr
#

Other than tech

real oriole
#

Yeah

mighty forum
#

yo anyone got the discord server for gauthmath?

eager knot
#

Hi girls

autumn thistle
#

Hi guys

gritty portal
plush oar
#

Name: Rimjhim
Age: 17
From: Bangladesh 🇧🇩
Studies: A-Level Candidate (Edexcel)
Languages Spoken: English, Bengali, Hindi/Urdu.

Hobbies: Lit in all forms — novels, manga, anime, poetry, stories, VNs.

Anime: MHA, AOT, KNY, Assasination Classroom, Love is War, SpyxFamily, Dandadan, Kimi ni Todoke, Oregairu, Ghibli movies, etc.

Novels: Austen, Dostoevsky, Kafka, Brontë, Dazai, Orwell, Plath, Montgomery — traversing classic & contemporary.

Special Inspirations: Anne Frank’s diary & DDLC (both made me write), Danganronpa (favourite game series).

Music: J-Pop, K-Pop, Vocaloid, Classical, Bengali/Hindi/Urdu — mood dictates.

Beliefs: Capitalist-leaning, with socialist touches; individualist & idealist. Theist.

What I value in a conversation: I prefer a single, well-sharpened thought over a cloud of chatter. Grammar is the architecture of meaning, and I admire those who build with intention. Show me a clear idea, elegantly expressed, and you have my full attention. I listen longest to those who know how to shape a thought — not just share it.

Socials: I keep them quiet, even if installed. 🥀

If our interests align, feel free to DM! (I may respond).

mellow wedge
#

Arra bha

viral flower
#

I love my doggo

noble night
acoustic iron
#

btw plz answer my question its in help-36 plz u samrt right🥹

acoustic iron
#

wowies sucess rly changes some ppl thats crazy

#

now am broken frm inside

#

ts me btw

noble night
acoustic iron
neat lintel
#

hi guys

kindred surge
#

Is anyone familiar with the math used in machine learning? (Matrices, stats and probability, calculus) I already know the basics about stats and probability and i know a little calculus too, but i'd like to learn more if anyone is willing to help!

hushed talon
#

Its mostly linear algebra

#

And tensors

kindred surge
#

Or i'm down to just listen too if you wanna teach me

hoary glacier
#

Ooo

kindred surge
# kindred surge Can you recommend a good resource?

Well i think i do have some linear algebra resources already, but what i guess i'm really asking is: is it worth learning all aspects if linear algebra equally or can/should i just focus on concepts specific to ML?

hoary glacier
kindred surge
hoary glacier
#

And tbh I am doing this from scratch

kindred surge
kindred surge
hoary glacier
kindred surge
# hoary glacier :] ooo less goo

I only know a tiny amount about coding and the basic frameworks behind AI but that it when it comes to the technical details. But i have been doing a lot of philosophical research into it tho. In terms of technicalities i'm at ground zero basically

#

But i wanna ask do you know anything about matrices/linear algebra

hoary glacier
hoary glacier
#

??

kindred surge
hoary glacier
hoary glacier
#

I found something

#

A YouTube channel named

3blue1brown

kindred surge
#

Oh yeah actually i already have completed a course on vectors i somehow didn't realize this is linear algebra, but i don't think i remember vectors very well

#

But i do remember them being easy compared to the rest of my math classes

hoary glacier
#

Check
Freecodecamo. Org channel too

kindred surge
#

Yeah i will

#

I looked into the very basics of matrices and that stuff seems relatively intuitive until you get to multiplication.

#

I mean not that multiplication is gonna be super difficult but its not caveman level

hoary glacier
kindred surge
#

i think i partially understood why we use matrices for ML. I'll explain soon buy i'm gonna go in the sauna first.

hoary glacier
hoary glacier
night garden
hoary glacier
night garden
#

Like yk abt diagonlisation right

kindred surge
#

I think i understood why matrices are used in ML. Because a ML model is essentially just a program that can make adjustments, and the model transforms numbers with matrix operations because it's the most efficient way to compute even large amounts of data in a short time, because instead of having to compute each dataset one by one, you can turn it into a matrix. For example if you have 10 people and you want to know what grade they can expect to have based on their daily sleep and study hours, then you'll just make that into a 10x2 matrix with the people represented as the rows and the hours of sleep and studying as the columns. Then you create another matrix for the predicted value with the "weights" to predict the value from both variables. So you get a 2x1 matrix. Then now you just multiply the matrices with matrix multiplication

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That's how i understand it now, but i might be completely wrong tho.

real oriole
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energie strom ihr essen versorgung ist pollen also hoffe ixh sie trinkt ist rüsselt und dann setze ixh sie wieder raus und sie und ixh sind glücklich

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❤️

fresh comet
real oriole
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alpha external acsess gate 13 📌 ❤️

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man kennt einen der einen kennt der einen kennt der einem kennt der einen kennt

chrome cairn
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thats a philosophical answer right there if I have ever seen onebreadpensive

kindred surge
chrome cairn
ebon pier
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My friend and I are arguing and I say that sorry is sry but my fiend says it’s srry
Someone resolve this

true zinc
hard oasis
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Please keep chat in English for moderation reasons! happy

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Oh yeah I just noticed the text wall after you lance

thorn wren
bold terrace
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you know someone that knows someone that knows someone that knows someone that knows someone

lusty zealot
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advice for someone taking discrete next year?

rocky shuttle
real oriole
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Trust me all know someone they think they knows them

atomic drift
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Hello

dull salmon
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I went to a cool talk about the model theory of the Farey graph today.

vivid halo
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But also peep the Clausen IHES talk that dropped tonight

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“One thing that is funny about Peter is he thinks number field shtukas exist”

dull salmon
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The short version of the story is that the complete theory of the it has an extremely simple axiomatization with like 4 axioms. The models all look like if you glued a bunch of Farey graphs together by identifying a single point from each of them. Also you get an extremely nice characterization of the Scott ranks of these.

vivid halo
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Oh nice

dull salmon
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I’m wondering if I can find some number theory applications of this.

vivid halo
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Weil anima

vivid halo
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Knots and Primus

dull salmon
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My name is M_d.

vivid halo
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Can’t wait to have better version of the Weil group so very soon

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All the fucked up 2-torsion garbage finally fixed

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Very exciting remarks towards the end of the first lecture about global Langlands and F_1 memes

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Very exciting times

dull salmon
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I’m thinking of straight up switching fields so I might just think about this stuff.

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For the moment I need to prepare a lesson for my random matrix REU meeting tomorrow.

dull salmon
vivid halo
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Us

dull salmon
latent edge
pure hollow
neat zephyr
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Any JEE aspirants or class 11 or 12 students?

near crypt
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hello, who wanna discuss Maths with me

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if you have any question, ask me

rocky shuttle
near crypt
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we can discuss what you want

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I like analysis most, but I am also good at algebra and differential equation field

near crypt
rocky shuttle
near crypt
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haha, it's simple definite integral problem

near crypt
rocky shuttle
rocky shuttle
near crypt
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for a curve y=sin(x), the arc length from a to b can compute like following

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it's difficult to write the Mathtype, so I explain more detail

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the formula is the following

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Length of sin(x) = integral from a to b of square of (1 + square of cosine of x)

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understand?

rocky shuttle
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yeah, i understand so far

near crypt
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are u uni student?

rocky shuttle
fathom swallowBOT
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Zan (鹿乃 #1 Fan) ❀

rocky shuttle
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right?

rocky shuttle
near crypt
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yep

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👍

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length from 0 to pi is about 3.82

rocky shuttle
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how did you get that

near crypt
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you don't know compute definite integral?

rocky shuttle
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please elaborate

rocky shuttle
near crypt
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how old are u?

rocky shuttle
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why do you ask

near crypt
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I'd like to know that you are hishschool student or not

rocky shuttle
near crypt
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so, do u graduate the highschool?

rocky shuttle
near crypt
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you are not a minor

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right?

rocky shuttle
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i am not eeveethink what does that have anything to do with the problem?

rocky shuttle
near crypt
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Calculate using the second approximation method

rocky shuttle
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curious?

near crypt