#serious-discussion

1 messages · Page 326 of 1

shut thunder
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not really

night wadi
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how so

shut thunder
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neutrons

night wadi
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this neutron idea never really got to me as well

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how does it stablize the electron

shut thunder
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proton*

night wadi
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This proton idea also never really got to me

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so, let's use a vector field

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and this proton exerts a vector force

rose ridge
night wadi
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and so does this neutron and electron

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now how does these stablize each other

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what does stablizing "charge" Even mean

shut thunder
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Quick recap on it:
The names of the three come literally from its electric charge

Electrons have negative charge
Neutrons have 0
Protons have positive charge

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Electrons are """massless"""

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Protons and Neutrons have about the same mass.

night wadi
night wadi
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what phenomenon is it

hardy scarab
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i miss her

shut thunder
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Its just a property of the fundamental particles in essence, basically, how much they interact with the electromagnetic field.

shut thunder
rose ridge
night wadi
# shut thunder Its just a property of the fundamental particles in essence, basically, how much...

now can we talk in terms of forces and particles?
this charge you talk about, it's basically about "interacting" with the em field right?
that's a complex idea to depict, but if charges go over or under, the thing that's affected is, is movement. so they're related with forces right? can you show them like inside a vector field and tell me why charges are affecting these things if something doesn't get 0 charge evenly?
and this charge, does it not defy energy conservation laws? I mean if electron's always gotta have a charge and say some atoms will always be positively/negatively charged, then they'll always be in force (Energy) no?

night wadi
shut thunder
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You know the classic way to depict gravity sinks by relativity?

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As like, a cloth stretching downwards

night wadi
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especially 3 dimensional particle's empty space

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where if it bends it, it's just seemingly a pull

shut thunder
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Well, (ignoring this is classical physics), this is the formula for gravity force.

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G is the gravitational constant (a number)

night wadi
shut thunder
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Well, this is the electromagnetic force formula

night wadi
night wadi
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I didn't actually read about it tho

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mind telling me the q1 q2

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and what's k

shut thunder
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k is the analog to G

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just a number

night wadi
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some constant that's convenient yea, alright

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what about k1 k2

shut thunder
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tbh, k is actually a variable, but we generally treat it as constant since it changes based on the medium

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q1,q2 are just the values of the charges

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so, the analog to mass

night wadi
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mmmmm

shut thunder
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like, if you want to measure whats the electromagnetic atraction between a proton and an electron, you can

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just search up their q charge, and the radius of the atom you are looking at

night wadi
shut thunder
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Its hydrogen -

night wadi
shut thunder
night wadi
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pair of charges? interesting

shut thunder
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yes, coulombs law only allows for pairs of charges

night wadi
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hey wouldn't a 1 photon 1 electron be 0 resultance aka a neutron's effect after they both are combined?

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and a 1 neutron 1 electron would just be a 1 electron? I don't really get the idea of neutron here, is it 0 or is it -1 to compensate for +1 of proton

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why do neutrons have to exist

shut thunder
night wadi
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oh not photon my bad, proton. and like if proton is +1 , electron is -1

shut thunder
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protons and neutrons are known as nucleons, they are in the nuclei of atoms
electrons are in the cloud

anyways, thats weak nuclear force, which is far harder to understand

night wadi
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why the neutron

night wadi
shut thunder
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neutrons stabilize atoms nucleus because of Strong Nuclear Force

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Weak determines how particles combine
Strong determines the forces of two particles when they are really close.

night wadi
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hmm

shut thunder
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which, btw, follow up

because of the nature of each, gravity is usually weak in force, but has a huge reach
electromagnetism is stronger but doesnt have noticeable effects on long distances
and strong nuclear is absurdly strong, but requires distances far smaller than the width of an atom.

night wadi
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Mmmm

shut thunder
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on your original request to try to look at a vector field, gimme a sec

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This is totally wrong, but i think for an explanation it will serve good enough

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Assume q1 are q2 of the same type of charge

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If they are inside the electric field generated by another charge of the same type, they will be repeled from it

night wadi
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Hmm

shut thunder
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Since them both will always be inside one anothers field, they will both be repeled by the same physical force.

night wadi
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Ic

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this electron, if it always repels another electron

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then why do atoms try to take in another electron so thirstily when they only lack ONE electron and almost 49% of particles (between protons and electrons) Are electrons

shut thunder
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protons in the nuclei

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and because they actually re-arrange their electron clouds for it

night wadi
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something still doesn't fulfill this

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if we were to talk in numbers, what number would electron be and what number would proton and neutron be (say +1 force, -1 force, 0 force)

night wadi
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electron doesn't really affect neutron right? so we'll keep specific coloured vectors that affect specific particles

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so blue vector for electron's charge and proton being the blue particle

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and neutron having the gray colour vector, proton being the gray particle here

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and proton, having the red colour vector and electron being the red colour particle

agile fiber
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looking at the total force due to all of the particles, from far enough away the distances are basically the same so the force scales with the net charge of the ion. if it has a net +1 charge it will generally attract electrons

night wadi
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oh

shut thunder
night wadi
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I see

night wadi
shut thunder
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This is becoming a chem class, lmao

night wadi
rose ridge
night wadi
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how's their overall positive force strong enough to push an electron out

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like it's just a small positive margin

agile fiber
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that's where the actual shape of the orbit clouds the electrons occupy are important. some of them put the electrons "in front of" the nucleus more so that they tend to cancel out the attractive force due to the nucleus, compared to others. this is called shielding

shut thunder
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Resuming the idea, based on size of the atom and the amount of electrons it has in its outermost layer, some elements are better at giving out electrons and others at taking them

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It can also happen they share them

night wadi
# agile fiber that's where the actual shape of the orbit clouds the electrons occupy are impor...

oh I think I get this, so say the the king and general are the neucleus, then the traitor soldiers have surrounded them, and the orders of the king don't reach the outer loyal soldiers, (picture a clump of particles that are pulling, being surrounded by a clump of particles that are pushing in all directions)

now the outer electrons, would be weaker and other atoms will pluck them out in them right?

night wadi
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and this atom pulls out an electron from another weak structure atom

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something like that?

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but what about a stable atom which requires no electron and which doesn't want to push out any? how do neutrons stablize the pull of protons? it's always gonna be a strong pull / if it stablizes then 0 net force and the electrons in our atom will go lose.

shut thunder
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Theres an efect quite literally called Electron Shielding / Screening

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The basic idea is that the innermost electrons push away all higher layers

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Therefore, the outermost, is always the weaker

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This effect is stronger for larger atoms

night wadi
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I see

shut thunder
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and thats why youll generally find lighter atoms taking away electrons from heavier ones

night wadi
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I see

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the outer ones just don't receive the love from the parents huh

shut thunder
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generally
like everything in chem, theres always an exception

night wadi
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they put themselves in such way that they pull slantingly so the electrons actually get closer

shut thunder
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but yeah, compared to empty space, electrons are 1. massive enough to interact with us based on their fermion quality, 2. electrically charged, so they get electrically attracted to whatever object catches it

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Theres an interesting example on this
Theres a particle thats the neutral-analog of an electron

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so, a particle with really low mass

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which doesnt have electric charge

night wadi
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Ok

shut thunder
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Theres about a trillion crashing with you specifically rn

night wadi
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oh

shut thunder
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We call them neutrinos

night wadi
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like trillion other particles like me hitting me?

night wadi
shut thunder
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No, as in, trillion particles colliding with your body, passing through the roof of your house or wherever you are

If they are lucky enough, they can sometimes pass through earth and follow up elsewhere

night wadi
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oh

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so all of them hit a proton/neutron?

shut thunder
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We predicted they existed about 30 years before we could detect them

night wadi
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wait who do they hit then

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who's the target

shut thunder
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with "colliding" i actually mean, passing through you as if you didnt exist

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they are so little and interact with almost nothing

night wadi
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if I'm fundamental I won't have empty space

shut thunder
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your body is about 99.99% empty space

night lagoon
night wadi
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and it adds up because I have a lot of atoms

night lagoon
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like incredibly small

night wadi
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right

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but say

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what if it actually hits one

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how does it pass through

shut thunder
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it doesnt, it just bounces elsewhere

night wadi
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I see

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how have u discovered these little guys

shut thunder
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They took specifically 26 years to detect because of that property, but it happens to be that there are so many of them to be able to fuck up with some predictions over large scales of time and space.

night wadi
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hmm hmm

shut thunder
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Or for really tiny experiments

night wadi
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but like NOTHING can detect them right

shut thunder
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yeah, you can

night wadi
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like even if say it hits a proton

night wadi
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like the major thing we have is photons

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and that's too big wait how's a photon bigger than a neutrino

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because a photon is emitted by an electron and it's like similar/lesser in size and electron is similar in size to neutrino

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so u detect them with light, no?

silver hull
shut thunder
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quick tutorial: dig about 2 km underground to avoid other forms of radiation
set up a huge room with a lot of charged particles that can interact with neutrinos through weak force.

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detect the change of those particles you can analyze over

silver hull
night wadi
# silver hull uhh, why don't you learn these through AI?

I've been doing that for past few months, but it's just a whole load of bullshit. It's even got a name, "Vibe Physics" And so often you end up thinking you've discovered something that no one did.
but over here, the humans don't praise me for every single question "you're thinking exactly like a physicist" and I actually learn the answers instead of feeling proud

night wadi
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it must be incredibly hard to denote the changes that shouldn't have been there by natural known laws

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because they're a lot of charged particles

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and like that makes them messy

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and to know a change that's caused not by charged particles but this guy

shut thunder
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yep, nowadays we have a few neutrino observatories, they have some uses

silver hull
oak flame
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Is neutrino Spanish neutron

night wadi
# silver hull discover? what is even the topic about?

any topic, legit I was thinking the other day (12 days ago) that uncertainty principle is because of light particles deflecting the electron when we measure it, because that's the only way to do so. and because we don't know where a light particle can hit, the uncertainty

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but it's so wrong

night wadi
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what uses might they have

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too insignificant

shut thunder
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Neutrinos is like, the electron version of a Neutron
so, really low mass but no electric charge

night wadi
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and too improbable

shut thunder
night wadi
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exactly something like a mathematical ideal particle

night wadi
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measurement of events?

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isn't it kinda random, how can it be denoted with time or measurement

night wadi
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but what is measurement of events in the cosmos mean, I mean I'm not too digging in but what can they do

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To be useful

shut thunder
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disintegration thanks to other types of radiation in our atmosphere generate them too.

night wadi
shut thunder
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nope, nuclear reactions generate neutrinos

night wadi
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how can they generate new mass

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where does the mass come from

shut thunder
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Again, weak nuclear forces are difficult to grasp, but they are a byproduct of nuclear reactions

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Some part of the energy of a nuclear reactions is transformed into the atom youre fusing into

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some other part is transformed into other things

night wadi
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okay how about we think what a nuclear reaction is? now that I think about it, how does nuclear energy generate so much power

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it seems

shut thunder
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there are two types of nuclear energy

night wadi
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it seems quite impossible you know

night wadi
shut thunder
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fission (the one we do)
and fusion (the one the sun does)

night wadi
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okay

shut thunder
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fission basically breaks a heavy nucleus into two other nucleus + byproduct
fusion combines two light nucleus into a heavier one + byproduct

night wadi
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the sun does all this in vaccum

shut thunder
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no??

night wadi
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but space is vaccum

shut thunder
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yeah, but the inside of the sun isnt

night wadi
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ah so okay but why is the outer surface of the sun hot then

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ah nvm

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like okay okay I get it

night wadi
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and a vaccum

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and I combine them

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where does the by product or the energy go

shut thunder
astral kettle
shut thunder
night wadi
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I mean... chat gpt might think this puzzled scientists, but I don't think it's too much of a task to think what very energetic interactive atoms, do to other atoms around them.
like thermal energy, they obviously vibrate things and that must reach to the outer atoms as well, just lesser in the vibrations tho

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so ai is trash 🚮

night wadi
shut thunder
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for weak nuclear force, only energy is conservative, and if you have a difference in mass from state A to state B, then you have to have generated some other form of energy.

astral kettle
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Messages deleted. Terminate AI task```
night wadi
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😭 omg

shut thunder
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<@&268886789983436800>
holy wall of text

night wadi
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Lmaoooooo

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this is like me when I was 10 days younger

astral kettle
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This account is not automated
It's me behind this all of this

night wadi
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I used to think I'd do wonders with ai

astral kettle
glass peak
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Don’t post random walls of LLM generated nonsense please

quasi jettyBOT
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Please do not trust ChatGPT or similar AI tools for mathematical tasks, as they often generate output which "sounds correct" but has numerous factual or logical errors. Use of these AI tools to answer other people's help questions is strictly against server rules (see #rules).

quick beacon
night lagoon
astral kettle
quick beacon
night wadi
astral kettle
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Ima head out

quick beacon
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used to be cranks had to write their own stuff, and it was funny. Now it's just all slop. How depressing.

shut thunder
night wadi
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but how I meannnn

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it's physically impossible to intuition

glass peak
night wadi
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like say u got an empty space

shut thunder
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High energy states usually excitate fields that they shouldnt

glass peak
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Now what’s left

night wadi
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and u have a truly fundamental particle that does not divide at all

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if i hit it with a lot of force

shut thunder
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Look up what an atom/particle collider does

night wadi
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if that breaks the particle it either isn't fundamental and empty space has more chunks

night wadi
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if it's true

quick beacon
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anyway @astral kettle you're probably wanting to learn about statistical mechanics.

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Use a textbook and not deepseek.

night wadi
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I can't get the intuition tho

shut thunder
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They basically accelerate atoms to about 98% C and blast them into a chunk of metal

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fields usually shouldnt interact with eachother

astral kettle
shut thunder
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but with enough energy, they can

night wadi
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wait but wait

quick beacon
night wadi
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"enough energy " isn't something true is it, that means all fields interact with each other

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just more seemingly at higher energy concentration

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right?

astral kettle
shut thunder
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nope, they actually just transform kinetic energy into mass.

astral kettle
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Or should I summarize it with one simple emoji

night wadi
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how

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is this possible

quick beacon
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cranks, I swear

night wadi
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it seems like physics has a bias or a point of frame, if at one level something interacts with the other

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seems like a game where a level unlocks u a weapon, but this shouldn't be true physically I mean...

quick beacon
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Nothing you say on the math discord is going to be interesting enough for the feds to care unless it relates to national security. It's not like the feds care about the incorrect ideas you have about heat transfer.

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but yeah, by default you should assume that any unencrypted communication is visible to the feds, specifically the NSA

shut thunder
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okay, beyond from this image being really relevant to another topic, this is basically the idea of it
the center is the point of collition, the rays and points are the new particles created that were detected

quick beacon
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The universe does some wacky shit when a lot of energy is crammed into a small space.

tropic pivot
shut thunder
tropic pivot
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Stokes

night wadi
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but u mean to say me it's true

quick beacon
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it's absolutely true

night wadi
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how's this possible tho

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something's coming from 4th dimensional, I don't believe this is possible in 3 dimensional space

quick beacon
tropic pivot
quick beacon
night wadi
shut thunder
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completely off interpretation of it:
Based on E=mc^2, you can find the energy a particle has based on its mass
if you have enough kinetic energy, theres nothing stopping you from using the equation the other way around

tropic pivot
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Same.

shut thunder
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Again, this is absurdly oversimplified

quick beacon
night wadi
quick beacon
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The energy difference between these two states is why you're alive.

tropic pivot
quick beacon
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E^2 = m^2 c^4 + p^2 c^2

tropic pivot
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Why photon possess energy if it's massless?

quick beacon
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where p is momentum

shut thunder
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and when they reestabilize, they emit light
Well, thats quite literally the same idea

quick beacon
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photons have momentum despite not having mass.

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so they have energy

night wadi
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hey I think this has a lot to do with something being massless and having energy

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can we discuss about that first, to straighten up what energy is in a clear way

tropic pivot
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Oky,
that was why that equation needed.

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I'm bad student.

tropic pivot
night wadi
# night wadi hey I think this has a lot to do with something being massless and having energy

a photon, quantum physics has deemed it as a particle. but it doesn't feel like a usual particle, I only feel like you can narrow it down to a certain area in space, because of the electro magnetic ripple moving at a certain speed and not instantly.
so it actually travels, but it doesn't have mass, and it's not like a particle yet you can point down an area of space (small enough like a particle) Of the concentration of it's effect, where it's travelling

shut thunder
#

for a particle, momentum is associated to its velocity and mass
but photons are also a wave. > they use another formula

night lagoon
tropic pivot
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Planck equation

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E=hν

quick beacon
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"What is energy?" is a surprisingly deep question. For instance, you may have heard about heisenberg's uncertainty principle, about how you can't know the momentum and position of a particle with a greater accuracy than h-bar/2 (iirc), but did you know that energy and time share a similar uncertainty property? This is because the energy of a quantum particle (aka the hamiltonian) and the time operator share a similar relationship to the momentum and position operators.

shut thunder
night wadi
# shut thunder for a particle, momentum is associated to its velocity and mass but photons are ...

right I don't think photon is a particle, I believe they narrow it down to the area it's present for it to seem like a particle, and it behaves like a wave. because when u look at it, a photon and the invisible electrical fields around it are not so different, it's the same material/element. So I believe for the wave element as well, even if it's a particle and the concentration of the effect is far away from the electron, behind it is just nature like it, so it's hard to think of it this way but wave seems to be true

shut thunder
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i cant recall precisely why they are tied to eachother, but anyways

night wadi
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or photons are actual particles and not just narrowing of space of the effect of the change of the electron

night wadi
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and this narrowing of space to see where the effect of the change of the electron idea seems more accurate

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because u really cannot change it

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literally u cannot mess with it

tropic pivot
quick beacon
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orthogonal components of angular momentum share an uncertainty principle, which was actually the first one you learn typically, though it isn't normally described this way

night wadi
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particle nature is confirmed by what I'm conversing here too

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and it denies a physical THING

quick beacon
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like, if you start QM with the Stern Gerlach experiment.

shut thunder
tropic pivot
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What is definition of physical thing?

night wadi
quick beacon
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turns out that using your intuition for every day things in the realm of quantum mechanics leads you to make assumptions that are difficult to correct.

night wadi
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oh

shut thunder
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Like, depends on "non existent", for that case, protons, neutrons, electrons, etc... also doesnt exist.

night wadi
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u mean to say they're actually particles and not just our narrowing it down to particle like areas in space of the effect of the change of the...

shut thunder
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They all are part of some field.

tropic pivot
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I'm dumber than you all in physics. I should not argue between you.

night wadi
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I'm literally 14 what do u mean dumber, I'm the dumbest over here and seems like the loudest one as well, so don't think like that

night wadi
shut thunder
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okay i guess

night wadi
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WE are physical, and in a field of "abcde" interactions

tropic pivot
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If you are 14 then definitely I'm dumb. I'm double of your age.

night wadi
night wadi
shut thunder
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yeah, they recide inside the electromagnetic field.

night wadi
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but we co exist

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in empty space

shut thunder
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like, spaceships have to consider the push the sun gives because of light for the path.

night wadi
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electrons are kinda in between to our physical and the EM physical

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but we cannot physically ourselves do anything in EM physics

tropic pivot
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Have you read bose Einstein theory? Leptons, bosons and quarks? Are they really smaller than electrons?

shut thunder
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electrons reside in their own field to be precise

tropic pivot
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I suspect bosons wrong.

night wadi
night wadi
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we describe it's charesterics

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but, nothing can change a photon mid air

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and we can only disturb the electron to generate a different kind of photon

night wadi
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now, the changing of electron is a one time thing, and nothing travels instantly over here as we observe

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so, can we not narrow down where the effect of the electron movement is?

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yes we can! and we can point it down and calculate it

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NOW WHY IS IT THE FASTEST THING?

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because it's not from our physical world yet it lies in it, so it's fastest and nothing disturbs it not even particles

night wadi
shut thunder
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Youre sort of missing the fact that fields interact

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Like, quick example, strong magnetic fields cause by electrical currents can change the state of a photon

brave flare
night wadi
night wadi
shut thunder
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which does include protons

night wadi
#

shit here we go again...

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mmmmmmmmmmmm

shut thunder
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Like, if you suppose it to be a little ball, no, none of them can actually interact with it as is without absorbing and reflecting it

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But that isnt the case

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They are waves, and they can be disturbed by effect cause by the physical medium

night wadi
shut thunder
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mostly cause the physical medium is conformed by particles that are also waves of other fields

night wadi
#

because electrons are a gateway between our world and their superior world of fields

shut thunder
#

they are electrically charged, so they have to be interacting with the electric field

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the electric field interacts with the magnetic

night wadi
shut thunder
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and the electromagnetic field is literally the combination of the two

night wadi
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how are u so sure that the phenomenon of them balancing /unbalancing based on how many particles wins over

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is not a physical phenomenon like pull of gravity / push of particles from hitting

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and directly a electro magnetic field phenomenon

shut thunder
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okay, to be more precise, it isnt that electrically charged particles interact with the electric field

night wadi
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YES DO YOU GET IT NOW

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they interact with electrons I believe

shut thunder
#

to be more precise, the electric field is the one which "gives" them their electrical character.

night wadi
#

and not with the force itself

shut thunder
night wadi
# night wadi how about this idea

the electric field does not give anything, and our physical phenomenon makes electrons, protons and neutrons seem charged like that, based on weird forces, and because the electron moves with a physical phenomenon and it is also tied with our electro magnetic FIELD, the field gets affected indirectly

night wadi
#

hmm

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you mean to oppose this idea?

shut thunder
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We usually explain it the "wrong" way because its easier to understand that electrons are like little balls that give energy to a field

night wadi
#

how so?

shut thunder
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In reality electrons are just the energy in the field

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But they arent the only form of excitation in the electric field

night wadi
#

visible distress

night wadi
#

but

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the mass tho

shut thunder
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thats the interaction with the higgs field

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which photons dont have

night wadi
#

damn

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it was fooling me all along

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wait hold on

shut thunder
#

to be more precise, protons arent a fundamental particle

night wadi
shut thunder
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they are a mix of 3 bosons

night wadi
#

wait

shut thunder
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the higgs field is the field that conveys the property of mass to particles

night wadi
#

quarks as well dont have mass?

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everything is just energy of the higgs field?

shut thunder
shut thunder
night wadi
night wadi
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how do they have mass

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and interact with the higgs field

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I know they do a weird orbiting ritual to give protons and neutrons their mass

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is that called interacting with higgs field

shut thunder
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youre going back to the "wrong" interpretation of massive particles interacting with the higgs field

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while the higgs field actually is the one that gives mass

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Like, the electric field gives electrical charge
Higgs gives mass
long etc for all fields.

night wadi
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it's actually really complex to understand this idea completely even though u seem to understand each component very intuitively.

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ah

shut thunder
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for example, a proton

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is two up quarks and one down quark

night wadi
#

yeah

shut thunder
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turns out that the mass of those 3 quarks separately is greater than the mass of a proton

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So there must be an exitation in some other field that compensates for that loss of mass

night wadi
night wadi
#

how did mass get reduced

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it's not possible with our physical ideas

shut thunder
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has to do with how the three quarks combine, they need a certain amount of "glue" to stick together

quick beacon
night wadi
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are you so sure on quarks being fundamental

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and not having so many more very tiny particles

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that sort of diffuse and we don't see cause they're even smaller than neutrinos

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and

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they diffuse because of the movement/ whatever physical actual moment the quarks do to look like protons/neutrons

shut thunder
#

when doing particle collision you dont generate protons, you generate quarks that then might combine into protons through strong nuclear force

night wadi
shut thunder
#

given the idea of energy exciting fields into creating their own particles, we assume quarks to be fundamental.

shut thunder
#

which, yeah, btw,

shut thunder
#

nuclear strong force is where the mass went

night wadi
#

this idea again, it foreshadowed me the entire time

#

I get it know what it truly means to know of what fundamental is

shut thunder
#

iirc, atoms also suffer from that, when mixing a lot of protons and neutrons together, you actually lose some mass (a lot less compared)

night wadi
#

fields are soo cool they're the gods we've been unaware of all this time

night wadi
#

but hey

#

what does "mixing" mean

#

like is it just moving?

#

moving loses mass because u interact with fields?

#

but how's that possible when the mass of the fundamental particles remain just as high

shut thunder
#

no, puting them together into an atom nucleus.

night wadi
night wadi
shut thunder
#

Like, protons repel when they are apart from eachother, beyond a certain point they stick (also using neutrons to help)

night wadi
#

oh

shut thunder
#

like, if you think about the EM force, atom nuclei should explode

#

neutrons dont have charge

#

and protons all share the same sign of charge

#

therefore, something has to be keeping them together

#

(strong nuclear)

#

thats also how you conclude that strong nuclear is really strong

night wadi
night wadi
#

these fields are really complex to think about together in an existing world

#

but I'm sure I get each of them

#

is this what quantum field theory is?

shut thunder
#

also, we havent mentioned negative energy excitations, lmao

#

they dont actually represent a negative ammount of energy, its just a QF concept.

night wadi
#

right?

shut thunder
#

Positrons are the "negative energy" version of an electron

night wadi
#

positions I've heard this name somewhere

#

in a video prolly

night wadi
shut thunder
#

its an electron, but with reverse spin, reverse electric charge, etc...

night wadi
#

or this positron also can interact with qm field

#

unlike protons

night wadi
#

what is negative energy

shut thunder
#

protons interact with EM fields

#

again, its just a misnomer used in QF theory

#

If you imagine electrons to be pointing up in their own field, then positrons look the same but pointing down

analog skiff
#

Heyyy I’m new 👋

quick beacon
night wadi
analog skiff
#

Uhhh I wanna go to astrophysics but I’m not so good at math so I joined ☺️

shut thunder
#

protons arent fundamental, electrons are
antiprotons arent fundamental, positrons are.

analog skiff
#

I need to relearn so much to pivot bc I failed Pre Calc 😭

shut thunder
night wadi
#

wait but let me get this straight over here

#

quarks interact with em field right?

quick beacon
#

Yes, quarks have charge.

night wadi
shut thunder
#

quarks form protons, specifically, with a disbalance in electric charge.

night wadi
quick beacon
#

because they interact with electrons via this field.

#

they exchange photons with electrons

night wadi
#

right but even the higgs field interact with electrons to give mass

#

it can be that the charges idea is not of the em field

#

right?

shut thunder
night wadi
#

and of some other fields right?

night wadi
#

exchanging as in like receiving a photon to an electron?

quick beacon
#

so photons are the mechanism that the EM field uses for interaction, it's the "boson" of the field.

#

bosons are force carrier particles.

night wadi
#

yeah sure go ahead

shut thunder
#

quick recap: fields have "transmitter" (boson) particles that move information between particles that interact in the field.

night wadi
shut thunder
#

the photon is the EM boson

night wadi
#

a 30 minute ago me wouldn't had goten this

night wadi
#

but even the

#

electron is an em bosom right

#

because it interacts with the field

quick beacon
#

Thus if a particle interacts via the EM field it uses photons to mediate this interaction

shut thunder
#

the higgs boson is the boson of the higgs field
sotrue

night wadi
#

yea that checks out

#

I'd hate to see some higgs field guy interacting with em field guy tho

shut thunder
#

in this case the "photons" really arent that much like the particle version, its more a diffusive wave in the field.

night wadi
#

yea I get the idea

#

if u think about it in currency it's easier

#

like each countrie's currency

#

isn't usable in another

quick beacon
#

Be careful of using analogies though

night wadi
#

mmmm yea they're never perfect at this level

#

alright go on

#

explain me how protons and... (quarks really) interact with em field

shut thunder
# night wadi anti protons.. hmm

going over to the _anti_particle thing, they exist for every field, but some particles are their own anti-particle, and thats why we "need" that they dont interrupt eachother (like photons)

#

on why we need that > particle antiparticle pairs anhilate, aka, they delete eachother and both transform into actual energy. (not the QF misnomer)

night wadi
night wadi
shut thunder
#

thats why we dont have negative mass

night wadi
#

ohhhh that's what I was thinking

#

wait but if we don't have negative mass

#

how does it cancel out

#

it just really opposes it

#

what charestaristic do u negate

shut thunder
night wadi
#

oh

#

ah no wonder, I forgive physicists for not getting this idea forged out. seems really complex to decide all the charestaristics of a particle

shut thunder
#

like, in an atom collider you can actually collect antiquarks, and antielectrons (positrons)

shut thunder
#

and create an anti-atom

night wadi
#

how do u know that

shut thunder
night wadi
#

no no how do u know it's all "normal"

#

it can be that these are all anti versions of (several) other particles right

#

and these won

shut thunder
#

thats why i put "normal"

#

these are just terms invented by us

night wadi
#

no but

unkempt moat
#

applied sciences in my mathussy

shut thunder
#

there isnt nothing really that excempts us from being actually reversed from intended

#

maybe we are all anti-matter

#

but we dont know, and called the antimatter just "matter"

night wadi
#

when u say normal, u seem to collectivise the idea of why these won, I understand your concern on "why" These won over other particles, but all of these may not be connected.... in terms of winning over other anti/normal particles

shut thunder
fresh comet
night wadi
unkempt moat
night wadi
#

oh

shut thunder
#

cause, 1, they dont anhilate

#
  1. they are composed differently.
unkempt moat
#

they aren’t as intuitive to me as humanities and maths are

night wadi
#

hmmm

night wadi
shut thunder
#

we just know that the great majority of our universe is composed of matter™ and that antimatter™ is quite rare.

night wadi
#

like maths and humanities make the least sense in terms of what actually is the correct meaning etc.. Etc..

#

they all are ants going through a maze but like u understand nothing

#

not what the maze is out of, not where you're heading not why you're heading not what is all this bs

shut thunder
#

economics are math + humanities and goddam its hard.

fresh comet
night wadi
fresh comet
night wadi
#

maybe it was vice versa

#

And changed

#

but someone called gravitational big bang theory

#

may deny that

shut thunder
#

do you remember when i mentioned that all fields have a non-zero potential everywhere?

#

well, pairs of particle-antiparticle generate everywhere at all times from straight void,

night wadi
shut thunder
#

thats why black holes radiate

night wadi
#

oh wow

night wadi
# shut thunder >thats why black holes radiate

I don't understand black holes honestly, how do u understand such things from so far.
you'd have to do billions of gravitational calculations (for all particles to understand this black hole) and like nothing written out in formulas plus nothing to observe

shut thunder
#

i think ive heard at some point a theory for the big bang, where it was just a extremely rare occurence of a lot of energy concentrating at a point just out of pure chance.
I have no clue how founded that idea was, so take it with a pinch of salt.

night wadi
#

that's certainly interesting

#

I don't believe the universe is expanding now

shut thunder
#

mass excerts a deformation over space-time, which attracts more matter, there a few limits of mass that need to be broken for it to eventually become a black hole, but it reaches a point where the principle of exclusion isnt strong enough to keep two fermions apart from each other

#

fermions are particles with mass > quarks > (neutrons)

night wadi
# shut thunder tbh they are a relatively easy concept in principle

u know a lot about relativity, are they saying universe is expanding because they don't know what lies of a few atoms ahead? or are they saying it because atoms are moving farther out in empty space reaching newer destinations in empty space where no atom has ever been and expanding is just a relative term to where an atom has been

shut thunder
night wadi
shut thunder
#

we assume that big concentrations of energy are able to expand space time somehow, thats where dark matter and dark energy come as a concept, but we know basically nothing about them

night wadi
#

principle of exclusion? as in neutrons and protons not joining in into 6 quarks?

shut thunder
#

Unless you expose them to huge pressure.

night wadi
#

hmm

#

that's interesting

shut thunder
#

and not like, atmospheric pressure, more like gravitational pressure or really fast collisions

night wadi
#

another way of saying we know almost nothing about black holes

shut thunder
#

black holes we know a lot of tho

night wadi
#

cause u wouldn't explain it to me that like that, and instead tell me a whole bunch of ideas and principles if u knew a lot

night wadi
#

certainly a chapter of interest maybe later in my life

shut thunder
#

they are basically an infinitely concentrated form of mass inside a discrete region of space

#

They basically stretch space time into them

night wadi
shut thunder
#

thats just an observation of it, like, we have a model for it that imitates correctly the universe

#

But it just applies as a correcting factor

#

Thats where the percentages of matter, darkmatter and dark energy come from

#

its just "something" that we know is in our universe, but dont understand

night wadi
#

wait hold on once more, this bending of space time.
something seems suspicious about fields, masses are really integrated into fields right, so maybe masses seem differently comparing to non mass areas of the fields? aka seem like bending space time?

shut thunder
#

since, for all we care, it doesnt interact with anything beyond gravity

shut thunder
#

but relativity isnt integrated to QF

#

We know that higgs causes mass of particles

we know mass causes deformation of spacetime with enough concentration

#

but thats it, we cannot tie both theories together as of now

tropic pivot
#

Cool this conversation still stands! Keep it up guys.

shut thunder
#

per se
From the 4 fundamental forces, grav, EM and both nuclear

#

only 3 are explained by quantum mechanics

#

which, btw, yeah, ik quantum mechanics is based on waves, but its fundamental principle is that everything has to be able to be "quantized", or in human terms, put into units.

#

We cant put gravity into units, it looks like a continuoum no matter what we do

night wadi
# shut thunder masses are a cause of higgs

right but u do not exactly know what a higgs field is tho, u just know there's a field that does it. like u don't know it's principles, fundamental qualities and etc.. and u know it interacts with other fields because of experiments.
And there's a lot more fields and even photons that tell us something, or everything that tells us something.
Its all related to fields, so mass filled areas certainly are a different factor compared to mass less areas in the fields.

I mean, like what even do you think time is? do u just assume everywhere that it's not the same and different things happen differently because of masses/speed bending time?

can it not very well be that time's just the speed of happening things and in higher energy areas it happens faster, and faster is like meaning that it happens faster than slower energy areas?

shut thunder
#

energy isnt discrete though, its effects appear as such from particles

#

but energy is a total quantity distributed over all fields.

#

and we know that electric fields dont cause gravity wells

night wadi
#

right but mundanely, we can see certain areas having more energy concentrated than certain areas

#

take it lightly as areas of 5m²

shut thunder
#

yeah, cause mass is a form of energy

night wadi
shut thunder
#

anyways, ill be leaving

#

got a test to do

night wadi
#

and surely like all of it balances but it doesn't really in certain..

night wadi
#

was a wonderful experience

night wadi
#

and seems like space being infinite makes every possibility of an observable universe be true

#

say over here, 10 to the power of 81 atoms are there, and there must be 10 to the power of 81 factorial universes just like ours that each have an atom speckled a bit.

and this group phenomenon, would naturally happen over VERY VERY VERY large distances between each universe, but there also must be a cluster that is VERY VERY near each and every universe and then same but except 1 or 17 universes.

like every possibility, and over every space.

#

infinite space and field principles might allow this

#

and not only just 10 to the power of 81 atoms, but like everything

#

ervery possibility ever

#

at every space possibility ever (relatively tho)

neat lintel
#

Hi, everyone, I am looking for friends here.

I am a 21 years old young man who is trying to teach himself mathematics with only the background of high school mathematics.

Before I tried to study modern mathematics, for example, abstract algebra, yet found out that my mathematical maturity was not enough to comprehend them. Recently, I switched my focus into proving some concrete elementary results by myself with guide from AI and other references so as to train my mathematical ability. I decided to study some elementary topics before moving on to modern analysis and algebra. There aren't exact books covering the elementary materials I wanted. The nearest choices are What is Mathematics by Courant and A mathematical bridge by Stephen Hewson. However, they are survey like and aren't deep enough for my need. So I decided to do the research-like learning, to prove some classical theorems by myself and understand the elementary theory in depth, and finally write a short book by myself after I have gained enough understanding.

lofty mango
spice dagger
#

Does anyone know why potential energy exists within shells of a nucleus like the why behind it ik its kinda physics but would appreciate

spice dagger
#

@shut thunder u seem like u know ur shit can u answer my question please

sharp mulch
#

I would recommend asking in the physics server

quick summit
#

where can I ask about ML

sharp mulch
#

Consider a ML server

placid shadow
#

@neat lintel do u know L from deathnote

neat lintel
#

nuh uh

unkempt moat
neat lintel
#

not my actual name tho

#

just came up with it

placid shadow
#

this guy

neat lintel
#

fictional ahh

placid shadow
#

@neat lintel Yes, it's late in all of the US

neat lintel
#

its weird but

#

its morning rn in my place

#

the weird part is im havent sleep at all

placid shadow
placid shadow
neat lintel
#

i wish

placid shadow
#

India time zone?

neat lintel
#

but ur expectation is kinda high

placid shadow
#

there's a probability for everything

neat lintel
placid shadow
#

that makes me think pakistan or something like that

neat lintel
placid shadow
#

XD

#

You can divide the earth into 360 lines vertically right?

neat lintel
placid shadow
#

the chance that someone is in one of them is given by probability

placid shadow
#

i think

#

am i right?

neat lintel
#

BB was goated

placid shadow
#

Yesss

neat lintel
#

but kinda ragebaiting at the same time

placid shadow
#

Breaking bad?

neat lintel
#

taking 30mins to show a turtle walking in desert or sum

placid shadow
unkempt moat
placid shadow
#

hank had so much emotion

neat lintel
placid shadow
neat lintel
placid shadow
#

in season 1 you had scenes that lasted for like 5 minutes of them doing nothing

magic python
#

:3

placid shadow
#

Brother in law*

unkempt moat
placid shadow
#

im an adult

neat lintel
#

im definitly not a minor

placid shadow
magic python
neat lintel
placid shadow
#

It's 18<or equalx<or equalnatural-age

placid shadow
unkempt moat
magic python
#

Can I gaslight myself to forget stuff

unkempt moat
placid shadow
unkempt moat
#

Gaslighting oneself to forget you’re in pain generally seems to work

magic python
unkempt moat
#

For myself and others

placid shadow
#

i played lego indiana jones

unkempt moat
#

like if you have a headache

#

Or the hiccups

#

Just like gaslight yourself into thinking you don’t

#

And if its not super severe then BAM it goes bye bye

magic python
#

Can I gaslight myself into thinking I'm not horrible

neat lintel
placid shadow
neat lintel
placid shadow
#

Yea

#

are you 22.5?

neat lintel
#

hell no

placid shadow
#

25?

unborn meteor
#

hi

neat lintel
#

hellllnoooo

placid shadow
#

Hiii

#

19?

neat lintel
#

by 22 i wont be this unintellectual

unborn meteor
#

12? (to be clear this is not my age, i am 15)

magic python
#

Why does remembering stuff happen when I start feeling nice :c

neat lintel
placid shadow
placid shadow
# neat lintel sarcasm

you were sarcastic or are you saying i sound sarcastic because that sentence i said did sound sarcastic now that i read it again

unkempt moat
magic python
#

Wait I was 7-12 why the fuck do I feel bad about this

unkempt moat
#

Gaslighting implies the thing you’re trying not to think is true

#

But you’re not horrible

placid shadow
placid shadow
unkempt moat
unborn meteor
#

it is time...

fresh comet
#

@neat lintel welcome to the mathcord nachoWaves

unborn meteor
#

higher did you see my latest RLE in bots?

placid shadow
unkempt moat
fresh comet
#

and hello discussion 2 giggle

neat lintel
placid shadow
magic python
#

Tbh I literally ignored someone who's mother died and they trusted me so I think that's pretty horrible (but I mean I was under 12 when it happened so idk)

unkempt moat
#

Meta committee is a staff like role isn’t it

neat lintel
fresh comet
unkempt moat
#

In my head I imagined all the staff were at least like in uni

neat lintel
unkempt moat
magic python
#

I'm also pretty sure I didn't even know we were dating for like the first 4 years 😭

placid shadow
#

Does that ring a bell?

placid shadow
unkempt moat
neat lintel
magic python
placid shadow
magic python
#

How the hell did 7 year old me pull 🙏 I was such a weird ass kid

wraith magnet
neat lintel
unkempt moat
#

Normal track is alg 1 geo alg 2 pre-calc calc

magic python
#

But like I feel really bad now after rereading her messages that I never read bc I didn't use the app often 😔

unkempt moat
fresh comet
placid shadow
unkempt moat
unkempt moat
magic python
#

I'm just glad she is doing mostly alright now with a new partner

fresh comet
#

yamin catparty

wraith magnet
neat lintel
#

chat guess how many hour i study everyday

placid shadow
placid shadow
unkempt moat
#

grades and intellect are very different

placid shadow
# neat lintel big words

Just because someone gets 100 in math, it doesn't necessarily mean that they understand the subject the best.

unkempt moat
#

I would say that many students in my school maintain fine grades pretty easily but most of them absolutely flounder in terms of critical or independent thinking

placid shadow
#

Like deeply

neat lintel
unkempt moat
#

and I would also say that things like ChatGPT are the primary cause of this

magic python
unkempt moat
#

and the very much lenient/inflated nature of the grading system

placid shadow
placid shadow
unkempt moat
#

yeah short form doomscrolling and ai have completely cooked the general population of my class

neat lintel
placid shadow
unkempt moat
neat lintel
pure hollow
unkempt moat
placid shadow
#

You can use a guide to guide, whatever that guide is, but not everything is a guide

unkempt moat
#

Many of the students in my class, even my ap classes, don’t even attempt to do work; they just go straight to plugging the questions or prompt into ChatGPT and write what it says

placid shadow
#

ChatGPT is not smarter than any mathematician

#

it just spits out stuff, instead of thinks

unkempt moat
#

chatgpt is simply a source of knowledge

unkempt moat
neat lintel
placid shadow
unkempt moat
unkempt moat
#

It just knows things

placid shadow
#

school text books

unkempt moat
#

I don’t quite understand what comparison is exactly being made here

neat lintel
unkempt moat
placid shadow
neat lintel
pure hollow
#

Daily reminder to use your noggin.

unkempt moat
#

You are taught the material, afterall; you should be able to solve any problem given to you directly with the information you were given, or by thinking around with the information to create new inferences

neat lintel
placid shadow
neat lintel
unkempt moat
hexed moth
#

Anyone here take an exam called the regents

placid shadow
unkempt moat
neat lintel
pure hollow
fresh comet
#

this is a personal thing, but I just can't learn from videos

neat lintel
unkempt moat
fresh comet
#

I don't know what it is, but videos simply don't teach me anything ded

#

I learn a lot better with a textbook

unkempt moat
pure hollow
fresh comet
placid shadow
unkempt moat
fresh comet
#

I haven't watched a video to learn math in half a decade

placid shadow
unkempt moat
fresh comet
#

I don't learn math from videos

neat lintel
placid shadow
unkempt moat
#

like 3b1b

neat lintel
#

@placid shadow i mean i find common the most with european and US so i isolated myself

placid shadow
# unkempt moat like 3b1b

3b1b is so good for when you already know the subject but wanna visualize it. i tried to watch his videos before knowing pre-algebra and no matter how many times i repeated the video i just couldn't make sense of it 100%

fresh comet
#

I think the visuals are supplemental honestly PaimonThink

#

for sure

#

they're a lot more effective when you already know the subject, but might be missing some intuition

neat lintel
placid shadow
neat lintel
placid shadow
fresh comet
#

3B1B is very nice, but I don't learn from his videos

#

I do like them though

placid shadow
placid shadow
magic python
#

Me when the margin is too small but I proved the thingamajig:

fresh comet
neat lintel
placid shadow
# neat lintel me too

We have a lot in common! but probably also a lot not in common, such as exact height, favorite foods, personalities, etc etc, because lots of people are different from each other yknow?

placid shadow
unkempt moat
# fresh comet 3B1B is very nice, but I don't *learn* from his videos

I was able to learn quite a lot from his essence of Lin alg series, but thinking back on it you’re definitely right, the nuances aren’t explained extremely rigorously. I suppose that videos sort of rely on the viewer filling in the gaps themselves since videos are meant for a more general audience

neat lintel
pure hollow
#

Oh btw @fresh comet my CA arc is coming to an end I feel like I haven't done much sad

fresh comet
neat lintel
#

im aware of the fact that ur white (likely) and im burmese meitei

fresh comet
#

it's just not enough to go with that alone, nor would I even call it a primary source to learn LA from

#

it's excellent supplemental material

#

but not the best primary source, if that makes sense

unkempt moat
#

Its like a precursor to get the ideas planted in your brain

#

so they’re familiar when you actually properly learn about them

fresh comet
fresh comet
unkempt moat
#

Riemann mention

fresh comet
#

my opinion of complex analysis is that I hate it the least out of all the analysis I've learned so far giggle

neat lintel
unkempt moat
#

I noticed today in my pre calc classroom that on the back wall with posters about mathematicians made by students the one on Euclid didn’t even mention his beautiful proof of infinite primes

#

Which I feel is his most famous proof is it not

placid shadow
fresh comet
#

I'm looking forwards to the smooth manifolds course next semester

#

I am not looking forwards to doing more analysis though ded1

unkempt moat
neat lintel
unkempt moat
placid shadow
fresh comet
neat lintel
unkempt moat
#

buzzwords atp

fresh comet
#

a lot of the time you're studying stuff like continuity and convergence

unkempt moat
#

is numerical analysis also considered calculus?

fresh comet
#

more broadly, you can classify it as mathematical analysis

pure hollow
fresh comet
#

certain subfields of the subject definitely lie in one or the other

unkempt moat
#

Like kinda but not really

fresh comet
pure hollow
#

Numerical analysis is in essence real analysis if you consider it to finding the optimal bounds that's there in analysis

fresh comet
#

speaking of analysis, @pure hollow makes a big appearence in the subject EB_EeveeHappy

unkempt moat
#

Maybe the real analysis is the proofs we made along the way

unkempt moat
unkempt moat
#

In AP lit the other week our poem was titled the convergence of the Twain

#

And I thought of @pure hollow

fresh comet