#serious-discussion
1 messages · Page 22 of 1
Friends, I have a question, what if I say that I want to learn computer science completely, and I am only asking the question for discussion, what is the best source for obtaining information?
You want to learn the whole of computer science? I don't think such a thing is possible
isn't there an interesting thing going on here where Euclid's axioms give R^2 with the usual metric
it kinda just says that we live in a locally euclidean space
Why??!
locally?
why did God see fit to separate us from Euclid's Dream
see General Relativity
Even Special Relativity actually
Norms in Spacetime are cursed
is the geometry predicted by relativity Euclidian?
lightcone
I think you're unaware of the size of that task.
However, there are certain subjects you're going to have to learn at the start, so you can start bit by bit and when the size of the journey is clearer to you you can decide if you want to keep on it
recently i've been thinking about this old chinese paradigm in this context a lot
"A thousand li journey starts under one's foot!"
First, thank you for your response. Second, I joined this community to help me open the way for me and make me think correctly
Sounds like a skill issue to me
True tbh
I am thinking of learning computer science on my own, and I am one of the people who likes to read from books, but I have a question, is it enough to learn computer science from books and get enough information or not?
CS is easy, hasn't changed in like 100 years
yes ofc
you can learn anything
you want
This means that I do not need courses to learn computer science ?
it's possible just not very efficient, atleast for most people
learning with people is easier
nope
There are a surprisingly large number of choices to make when learning, and it's just easier to have someone else make the choices
Wraithlord is fairly correct here
This is the main difficulty with self studying, along with organization and the like
I want to know the source of information about courses in universities in the field of computer science, from where they can get it in order to teach it to other people?
you can find a lot of textbooks suited for university students
most of the material taught in undergraduate years hasn't changed in decades
I recommend going on any university syllabus and checking the textbooks they list in 'additional readings' under the courses
My friend, your words are great, and I have done this before, but I was confused by some of the people I spoke to, and this makes me ask here
For example, I searched the syllabus of a university and found all the courses, but they did not put the books, so I started taking the name of the course and looking for a book in this field, for example, an introduction to computer science. Do you think my method is correct like this and does the book give me the information as in the course or not?
yeah
intro. to cs tends to be a catch-all course of sorts
a bit of coding practice and so on
ok like I want to learning this
Fundamentals of computer science
What is the best book that makes me master this course?
Not sure but you're going to want to read TAOCP, and maybe Concrete Mathematics
dldh06
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bruh ive literally never seen that notation being used
now its all appearing
Then your book is not normal because it's a normal notation
solving a big problem without any mistakes on first try is so godly
need help with a problem can somebody dm me please
I'm trying to make a presentation to build intuition for what a derivative is and what the limit definition actually means
Any ideas for a presentation title?
“Building intuition for what a derivative is and what the limit definition actually means”
“Derivatives and why they make sense and are intuitive and also the limit definition and why it actually makes sense”
thank you maybe I try that one

but what is a derivative?
rip off 3b1b
LMFAO
if its a short presentation
I am planning to name one of my slides A Paradoxical Puzzle or something similar 😼
then ‘derivatives tldr’
Drvtvs
i usually like disemvoweling but thats horrible

I uh
ok well they're high schoolers who don't know anything abt calculus
so I thought maybe they wouldn't find it too cringe
Watch the history of calculus video
so I put
"the language of the universe" (title)
"an introduction to calculus" (subtitle)
lol
Yeah that's on my list
I have it saved
This is the calculus they won't teach you by a well-rested dog
He has a second channel called a sleep deprived dog where he posts minecraft amd tf2 vids
Okay so, I want to find a sequence of (real) quadratic extensions from Q to Q(cos(2pi/17)) and I really don't know how to go about it
Another method is through the 17th root of unity but I don't know how to "work around" the second extension
$\2cos(\frac{2 \pi}{17} has minimal polynomial: \
t^8 - t^7 - 7t^6 - 6t^5 + 15t^4 + 10t^3 - 10t^2 - 4t + 1. $
2cos(2π/17)'s conjugates are all of the form 2cos(2πn/17) for 2 ≤ n ≤ 8
And afaik, mapping x to 2T_n(x/2) [chebyschev polynomial] serves as an automorphism for 1 ≤ n ≤ 8, BUT i'm not sure if EVERY automorphism is of that form
Wow so funny and original1!1!1!1!1!!1!1!
Not the best presentation because my bowl is too small, but pretty proud of dinnies tonight
Bell pepper + onion + egg atop rice noodles in a gochujang + soy sauce + whatever else I grabbed out of the pantry while the onions were starting to burn broth
Delicious!
that looks cozy 
Walter
walter
Water
Wafer
Bidmas moment
?
What two irrational number add up to 2?
any irrational k and the irrational 2-k.
sqrt(2) and 2-sqrt(2)
I'm in too deep, chmonkey just popped up on my timeline
migi very active 
Oh shit, my name is readable now so true
yo
i know the Galois group of cos(2pi/17) is isomorphic to Z/8Z but I can’t find a specific isomorphism
mapping cos (2pi/17 * m) to cos(2pi/17 * mn) is an automorphism
what is the galois group of a number
you mean the galois group of its minimal polynomial over Q?
galois griup of it
yea
which I stated before
It’s conjugates are cos(2npi/17) where n = 1 to 8
Z/8Z is iso to (Z/17Z)*/<16> via (Z/16Z)/<8>
i think the isomorphism from Z/8Z is (-1)^s*k^n mod 17 where s is 1 if k^n mod 17 is greater than 8, 0 otherwise, and k is any of 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14
idk how else to define it
k^n mod 17 is the isomorphism from Z/16Z to (Z/17Z)*
but idk how to define the projection from (Z/17Z)* to it’s quotient by <16> w/o piecewise
eh it is what it is
but yeah, that’s the isomorphism
Z/8Z has subgroups Z/4Z and Z/2Z within that, so I’ll just create a sum of cosines invariant to multiplication by k^2, then solve for the quadratic with it’s coset-sums as roots
should leave me ultimately with the quadratics leading to cos(2pi/17)
Wtf is that
yes, my attempt at chai
schlurp
I like it
I fucking hate this problem
Ahahaha
Was it Gauss who wanted the 17 sided regular polygon on his tombstone
The tombstonist wouldn't do it because he said it was basically a circle
$Gal(\mathbb{Q}(\cos(\frac{2 \pi}{17}))/\mathbb{Q}) \ \cong (\mathbb{Z}/17 \mathbb{Z})^{\cross}/<16> \cong (\mathbb{Z}/16 \mathbb{Z})/<8> \ \cong
\mathbb{Z}/8 \mathbb{Z}$
Mizalign
fuck
good enough, ignore the shitty latexing
Not even going to BOTHER with using primitive roots of unity mod 17 at this fucking point
I'm generating a Cayley table
<[4]> is iso to Z/2Z
<[2]> is iso to Z/4Z
<[1]> has order 1
<[2]> has order 4
<[3]> has order 8
<[4]> has order 2
<[5]> has order 8
<[6]> has order 8
<[7]> has order 8
<[8]> has order 4
real
3 is the smallest prime root mod 17 so
I think I'd like to buy a nice tea set sometime
woah ded chat 2day
Hi invitcus
i have no fucking clue what to do aaaa
<[3]> generates (Z/17Z)*/<16> and I am considering the set of cos(2npi/17) fixed by [3]^2 but there’s, none
brainwave
invictus!
DarQ!
very cool
pretty much everything satisfies a UP these days
lel
Whats a weibel problem
a problem from the book by weibel, I assume
Whats the weibel problem
1 sec
YOOO
I KNOW WHAT TO DOOO
i wonder if this general idea can be made into an algorithm for finding the extensions of any cos(2pi/n) via the isomorphism theorems and properties of (Z/nZ)*
Prove that Ext^1(-,Z) dosent vanish on flat abelian groups
my proof uses uni properties 
average algebra fan: 🤓
average PDE enjoyer: 
LOL
I had to revoke my react when I saw the self-react
I like how they upvoted their own take 
analysts: nOoO R is defined in terms of Dedekind cuts or Cauchy sequences 
algebraists: Ext^1(Q,Z)=R
am i missing something? i dont htink thats true
iirc Ext^1(Q,Z) is something like "finite adeles modulo diagonal embedding of Q"
group activity time!
you're probably right
lets compute it!

Do you know how to do calculus on the Rationals
why
what do you mean why
Rationals are based, that's why
they're a field and everything
Time to take Hom(Q, -)!
yeah take hom of this, at some point yuou need to calculate Hom(Q, Q/Z), and then you write Q/Z as a sum of p-parts
dies
and then each p-part will become like the Q_p part of the finite adeles
or something like that
sounds scary
yuh
Can you do calculus on an incomplete metric spaces?
like Q/Z = \oplus Z/p^\infty
and not like R, but idk
where the sum is over p prime
well, I think calculus sortta implies you're working with R
but can you do anal on incomplete metric spaces?
yes
Oh ok
that felt pedantic even to me
Anal
probably because I use a different separator for calculus and anal personally
what in gods name is EXT
I figured they would have generalized calculus to other complete metric spaces
In the R sense
don't.
if it has anything to do with homomorphisms between structures
i am going to be afraid and cry
Functor of homsets I assume
you'll learn when you're older
at least Ext^1 is kinda explicit

If you have two R-modules A and B you can talk about extensions, so short exact sequences
0->B->E->A->0
Learn now so you get a leg up in hom algebra 
Ext^1_R(A,B) classifies such things up to some equivalence
fuck. no
forgetful functor be like:
the 0 element is not so bad to describe:
I already had enough trouble with finding a practical example of a homology.
it's the trivial extension
0->B->A\oplus B->A->0
but the addition operation on Ext^1 is like
I mean it's not so bad
but it's still kinda annoying to write down
I'm gonna get back to what I was doing

Math discord is not real studying
hell nah bruh ugly af 💀
washingbear
lmaoooo
lol
washingbear
New covid test just dropped
$UwU$
Vijay
Kinda stuck
So essentially I considered the set of
$c(n) = \cos(\frac{2 \pi}{17}3^n)$ from $n = 0 to 7$
Mizalign
and got a series of extensions to find the sums mod 2 or 4
but I can't actually find the original cos(2pi/17)
I can't sieve it out of the sums
nor find an algebraic relation for it in the past ones
even though I've exhausted the extensions I've been allocated
I didn't sieve 3^4 out of it, whoops
wo
so, because I'm insane
Lets say we're given some n
Can we create an algorithm to find the series of extensions from Q to Q(nth root of unity)
it's easy for 2p^k, p^k, 2 and 4 (p prime) cuz primitive roots and partitioning
I did my work with a variable so I assume the choice of primitive root is irrelivant
I agree with this statement
i agree as well
there is a nice thing where in the case of (abelian) groups if you fix an action the baer sum can be described by cocycles
iirc it's literally just a pointwise sum of 2-cocycles
Yeah but this was directed at Mizalign so please refrain from these words
lmao
I just wanted to exposit a bit for anyone that's interested
(and isn't going to be annoying about it)
does anybody knows the answer to this equation i am afraid my dad would never come back
depends on if you've won the lottery or not
well you just told me the truth
fuck..
oh my god 
I have some correspondence between N and finite subsets of {1,2,4,8,...} given by summing the elements. which operator looks better? I was originally using \Sigma because I wanted to emphasis the fact that this is essentially a sum, and I'm worried that \sum looks too big, so the middle ground is \textstyle{\sum}
(the three options are on the bottom)
Purely my own opinion, but the middle ground you gave looks best to me.
note that \textstyle is a switch so it affects all text after it, not just the braces you added
you probably want {\textstyle\sum}
yeah I did this when I made a macro
but ty
using latex for my econ assignment lol
yes
nice
Tf is an arepa
you might want to make the margins a bit thinner
Make margins thinner and add some fancy lines and stuff to make it hella cute
lines?
yeah also the parskip package
Lol I don’t think we should critique every piece of work someone posts
Sometimes ya gotta give some validation
.
Validation without criticism 
it's constructive!!
I’ll construct your mom
Maybe putting parentheses around the sets could look nice
Since it's a function
Is the repetition really necessary?
@desert adder thats inappropriate to post here
I’m sorry
I just found it on TikTok

Lmfao
Is there any complex valued function that is continuous but not differentiable over the entire plane?
thanks for boldening, I would have pulled a chmonkey and not read it otherwise
anyway the answer is yes, but there's nothing special about the complex structure. you're really just asking whether a continuous\differentiable map exists from R^2 to R^2
right?
hm, good point
In fact the even stronger result holds that the set of differentiable functions have measure zero
measure zero over ???
what sig
Gaussian measure on C(C,C)
Measure theory is weird
this already exists for R->R, so it exists for C->C for the same reason
e.g. the Weierstrass function
no man its p easy
.
The weierstrass function is the parameterization of the edge of the radius of convergence for the function that satisfies f(x^b) = a(x) + x or smth
it’s continuous otherwise
you can just add two weierstrass functions like f(x + iy) = h(x) + i h(y) where h is a weierstrass function R to R though
that will not have x or y partials at any point, but is certainly continuous.
Oh shoot I've been messing it up this whole time
Sorry Chomsky I profaned your syntax trees
i love matcha so much 
Bro I thought you were talking about me because ppl sometimes call me that
☠️
I hate matcha for some reason
I thought it was weird at first but learnt to appreciate it
the other day I had matcha Chai and damn 🔥
Matcha has such an interesting herbal flavour
I'm frankly not sure if I like it or not, but it's definitely different to what I'm used to
I realized my point is kinda ill-formed given what we usually specify as a complex mapping is continuous and differentiable satisfying reimann-cauchy
its a calculator alright
?
just check if it can do what you need
you can get one that does more (i.e. graphing) but it will be a lot more expensive
maybe you need that for engineering, i dont know
i mean your phone can do all that
and more
so you should just get what you need for school or wtv
I'm in no way well-versed in calculators, but I really don't think you should stress too much about what calculator to get
They're all a bit awkward and annoying to use. The question is, does it do what you want it to, and is it reasonably priced
If you go into higher mathematics, you probably won't even use it much after high school
Is there some kind of music discord server any one knows of? Would really like some help transcribing a piece from a game
@manic ginkgo I'm in a good one
I can dm you an invite
It's a great time
Out of curiosity what piece is it?
Sure, would appreciate it! it’s this: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=OD4WiyVOxpQ
Here's the second piece of Ryker's Piano Ghost and man what a piece of work that was. The song not only has a weird glitch just before it ends but it also ends abruptly. I've tried to cover the glitchy part and extended the end with one loop as well as letting it fade out. I hope you will enjoy it. :)
P.S. I named the songs after the short desc...
You pretty advanced on dictation? It would take me a while to figure it out
Nah, I haven't had any lessons. Been trying to pick up stuff here and there by myself so still pretty much a total noob. I think I've figured out the beginning melody somewhat but that's about it tbh
Your skills will get stronk
Do you have a daw of some kind?
That'd make the process easier
Than sitting at the piano trying to bang it out on paper
hmm not exactly, I can try garageband or the free version of sibelius
Anything with a piano roll
hmmm not sure what you mean, I haven't actually done it yet but going to try plugging my keyboard in to garageband and see what comes of it
It's a convenient way of seeing/programming music
@manic ginkgo
You just draw the notes in, can move them around, etc
ah ok
I've usually tried just playing directly on the keyboard and getting the midi input
It'll be more convenient for you to transcribe the music if you use a program with a piano roll
thanks, I'll give it a go
If the Penrose tiling can tile 2D space without repeating itself, is there an equivalent that can tile the 1D space without repeats as well?
My instinct is no, but even then I don't know what changed between 1D and 2D to allow the Penrose tiling to happen
WHY must my undergrads come to class if they're coughing every 10 seconds
Its not even the courtesy of not spreading whatever disease they caught. I simply cannot explain anything because they're coughing over me the whole dang time
Ffs, if you're sick, don't come. I won't even check to make sure you do the makeup work.
i mean when i caught covid months ago at first i thought i slept too little, turning on the AC while sleeping, or something else
then i was like "damn why does my body feel so cold"
"maybe it just isnt a good day"
i woke up tomorrow to realize that i had a fever and took a covid test
man
i thought i just felt kinda bad that day and could go on
@loud rivet You became a helper now?
Yeah
Idk
My irl friend is also one so I was like "sure why not lol@
I did a funny thing tho so
It ain't too annoying
yo im new to college and Im using mymathlab for Introductory and Intermediate Algebra 6e and i need to find an access code for free
anyone know where i can find one?
@deep dirge
if u read second last line
in the pic that circle sent
it's stated that it's not square root exactly
yeah goodluck. been there. I couldnt find any
Is anyone on this server a good teacher/presenter?
I would like to ask a question regarding a maths presentation i I will hopefully be leading
you may want to ask in #math-pedagogy
but its kinda not really about the teaching aspect
well, what is the question?
The question is why do complex numbers feel like such a huge conceptual jump
for students
and if the naming convetion of imaginary is holding people back
the name certainly doesn't help
twice got honorable?
awesome!
because rationals and integers are instantly applicable to real-life phenomena
coz they are quite literally that
its ur first intro to things that can feel extremely disconnected from reality
i am not an educator but i think for a lot of people they are told that square rooting negatives is something they "cannot do" or that it is against "the rules" or something equivalently prohibitive
Like, up until that point, the algebra you do, it all feels "applicable directly" to some extent
the numbers u see are real
but when you bring the name imaginary into it, people lose their shit
so where can you find imaginary numbers in real life?
they have to unlearn that "stigma". i'm not sure if that's the right word
anywhere there is a rotation
true
imaginary numbers represent rotations
stigma probably isnt
misconception would be more suitable ig
do you also think that all the previous steps between types of numbers can be linked nicely via basic operations
imaginary numbers are used for various things, but not in ways that are immediately visible
well another thing is

i mean it feels like a conceptual jump because it's something you've never been told somehow exist or is even "allowed" to exist
historically that is what got complex numbers accepted
interpreting the arithmetic geometrically on the plane
taking the square root of a negative is illegal until a certain point
from a mathematical perspective the jump from rational to reals is much harder tbh
its just that you are intuitively used to real numbers all your life
exactly
yeah that kinda adds to what i mean
gabriels horn moment
i think students generally don't think about the reals as a whole that much in hs
you are generally occupied with algebraic numbers
and sometimes you use pi or whatever
for HSers, $\bR$ is literally $\bQ\cup \sqrt[n]{\bQ}\cup \pi\bQ\cup e\bQ$
DarQ (#bring_back_:akko_lewd:)
pi, e, and ln2
thats basically it
it is
it very well is 
I once found a webpage that would allow you to merge pdfs and put bookmarks (in the sense that if you merged pdf1 and pdf2 (these are the names) you would have bookmarks pdf1 (at the beginning) and pdf2 (when pdf2 starts) online. However, I cannot find the page. Does anyone know of something similar?
$\bR=\bQ(\pi, e, {\ln(a):a\in\bZ},{b^{\frac1n}:b\in\bQ,n\in\bZ})$
gmod

R is just a letter
😡
ln(-1) 😳
sqrt(-1)
behold, gmod's real line
Mistakes pop out
discussion-1 looked so bad so I left it
noted
also what about sin(58pi/59)
do you know you can fit a whole matrix inside a trig function?
yes, and the real number line is all the points that corrwspond to a real number
The trigonometric functions (especially sine and cosine) for real or complex square matrices occur in solutions of second-order systems of differential equations. They are defined by the same Taylor series that hold for the trigonometric functions of real and complex numbers:
...
differential equation solutions probably
they provide an example with Pauli matrix
how do you define convergenceb
and even cardinal trig functions, hyperbolic and inverse hyperbolic functions
How do we say the sequence converges
If a sequence is bounded and monotonic, then it is convergent.
wait isnt that circular logic then
rhat’s the joke
if you're talking in limits
i mean idk if the absolute value of the determinant is a suitable metric for GL(n,R)
Convergence in the space of n×n matrices?
Oh
That's an interesting question
First of all
Notice that M_n(R) and M_c(C) are respectively finite dimensional real and complex vector spaces of dim_R(M_n(R)) = n² and dim_C(M_n(C)) = n².
So in particular
We can induce in these spaces they topology they carry via the canonical isomorphism with R^n² and C^n² respectively.
So in particular
A sequence of matrices $(a_{ij}^{n}){n \in \mathbb{N})$ where for each fixed $n \in \mathbb{N}$ we have a matrix with entries $a{ij}^{n}, 1 \leq i n, 1 \leq j \leq n$ converges to a matrix $(b_{ij})$ iff for each pair $i,j$ we have that $a_{ij}^{n} \rightarrow b_{ij}$ in the standard topology of $\mathbb{R}$ or $\mathbb{C}$.
MisterSystem
Compile Error! Click the
reaction for more information.
(You may edit your message to recompile.)
Another thing to have in mind is that on a finite dimensional real or complex vector spaces
the topologies induced by a norm are the same
so an equivalent way to work with convergence
is to endow this space of matrices with a norm
say the frobenius norm or the operator norm
and everything works just the same
In mathematics, a matrix norm is a vector norm in a vector space whose elements (vectors) are matrices (of given dimensions).
And you define the matrix exponential as for a given matrix $X \in \mathcal{M}{n}(\mathbb{R})$, let:
$$
e^{X} = \sum\limits{k = 0}^{+ \infty} \dfrac{X^{k}}{k!}
$$
You can prove that for any matrix $X \in \mathcal{M}{n}(\mathbb{R})$ the series in the right hand side converges absolutely (wrt to any norm you put on $\mathcal{M}{n}(\mathbb{R})$). And analogously for absolutely convergent series of real numbers, we will have that $e^{X}$ also converges in the usual sense.
MisterSystem
All of this still makes sense for any banach algebra btw
so talking about exponential of bounded operators makes sense, for example.
it also makes sense for lie algebras
and the exponential has an important place there too
Some examples of how this is defined in books.
please don't ping random individuals for help
bro you got thesis?
were you oblivious to all the "read #❓how-to-get-help " in your time here?
ye bro
why would you want someone who has specifically written a thesis?
bro it not mathy questgion
i have question about thesis
general one
ye bro what happen if you have factual/logic mistake in thesis
you get instantly fucked?
well, you proabably have double checked with other experts and colleagues so the chances of that are low
it how it work for me
you wrote a thesis?
they do me dirty and dont give supervisor
working on
so no one ever give feedback
so i scare i make stupid mistake with math
and get fail
math hard bro
already shit my pant over this
What
ye bro you read correct
wdym sigh bro i major panic with this shit
@bright hill bro send help
- exblain
Gjorka open your own help channel #❓how-to-get-help, and post there the question clearly
It's not really a math question for how to get help to make sense
What kinda thesis?
I don't even understand what he is saying
It seems like what's happening is
He has a thesis to do. Not sure at what level
Maybe he's an undergrad and ever undergrad has to do a thesis
Somehow he wasn't given an advisor
So he's now worried that without someone to guide (and especially to look over, catch mistakes, and help revise) he'll submit a thesis with a fatal error
And that this will lead to some dire consequences
From what I gathered yesterday it’s an undergrad thesis on light transport theory related simulation on a gpu
I'm working on a very simple maze AI and compactifying instructions to give the robot
i gotta think how to work wtf im even thinking, i always do this lmfao
i hate it when maths problems have a paragraph of context/story
just get to the point
What do you mean?
but flavor
proving minkowski's inequality for homework, can't fit the inequalities on one line 🙃
yoo
holders inequalitys proof turned out to be so easy
u just prove a little lemma
by calculus
yet holdeers is so much stronger
wtf math?
yeah it's pretty cool
lmfao yea
we like showing that our norms satisfy triangle inequality 
there might be more than one, but don't quote me on that
p sure there arent
or like
its only 1 idea at a time
u build so much so much with 1 idea then ur finished and u go again with someething different
like hilbert spaces
literally the whole ( at my lvl ) theory of hilbert spaces is being developed using same 2-3 tricks 😠
cool
young's inequality?
idk its name
oh yeah lmao
a^lambda*b^(1-lambda) <= lambda *a + 1-lambda(b)
its like the first year math student forgetting the second part of thee chain rule
when differentiating with respect to lambda
thats how i remember it
holders inequality is tbh easier to prove using jensens inequality
jensen the complex analysis one?
use the most abstract measure theoretic formulation
(but it only works for prob measures)
oooh
I noticed in quantum mechanics, quantum states are represented in row or column vectors as bars and kets, does that mean that the operators that act on these states are also vectors ?
They are vectors in some sense (members of hom(H,H))
I'm not sure what hom(H,H) is but from my understanding they're not vectors in the common sense they're just represented as vectors because it matches the calculations
Whats a Vector in the „common sense“ for you
Math is a hoax, it’s all made up.
hello
what operators exactly? because for example the inner product of two state vectors is a scalar and in this case a complex number in general.
unless you mean operators like manipulating, projection, hermitian adjoint, matrix representation operators...
ah nvm I found that It's just a matrix
by operator I meant ones like the hamiltonian or the momentum or position operator
An operator is a mathematical object that acts on the state vector of the system and produces another state vector. They're also used to represent the observables ( physical properties such as for example position, momentum, or energy that can be experimentally measured )
aha
so the state vector of a system or ket |S> is just a vector, what's the general form of that vector ?
I know it can have arbitrary number of dimensions
but what does each entry/element in that vector mean
like lets say you have the quantum state |e> of an electron you're studying, what would e[0][0] represent or mean
I looked into the bra-ket notation and these bras and kets could be vectors over R[n] but they could also be over C[n] and I assume that's the case in quantum mechanics since there are complex conjugates
but say the first entry in the state vector |e> is 5+4i, what does that say ?
probability amplitudes are used to construct quantum states, and also to construct propagators that evolve one state to another. Complex numbers are used because particles are described as waves and also they're capable of making things easier involving the language of linear algebra.
They could but what do you think applies the algebra here?
wdym applies ? like what makes the math work out ? if that's the case I think It's that representing quantum mechanics in the language of linear algebra is very effective because you can encode information about a quantum thing in a matrix and linear algebra deals with matrices
I heard that squaring the value of the wave function as a specific point gives you the probability of finding it there but I didn't know people approach this from the other way around
so you mean they get the probabilty first and take the square root to get the quantum state ?
I think I'm getting it wrong
If you want to find the probability of something in quantum physics, you add up the “probability amplitudes” of every possible way that thing can happen, then take the magnitude (a generalized absolute value) and square it.
The probability amplitude is complex valued.
when I see something like this what I understand from it is that ψ is a vector of functions of x, ψ1(x) .... ψn(x) such that each function is an actual mathematical function like e^ix or something like that. and ψ altogether is the quantum state where you can apply operators to it etc..
am i right ?
physicist here
good enough
i dislike thinking of them as vectors because it implies choosing a basis
the bases usually preferred are not preferred by nature in any way i can observe
e.g. energy eigenstates
it's common to take the basis to be the energy eigenstates
it's arguable this led to interpretive biases which created the vacuum catastrophe prediction
the only reason an energy eigenstate's component would matter is if something happened to polarize the particle so it appears to have classical energy to its observers
in sum: waves wobble, and people like to break them into components which feel natural
the wobbles are discovered and the components are invented
better sum: people discover indivisible wobbles and invent components to break them down anyway
here enjoy some more rant
wave function collapse is just polarization
nothing actually collapses
there is simply harmony between experimenter and experiment
you are a wave
so is the experiment
look at this animation
https://www.shadertoy.com/results?query=quantum+harmonic+oscillator
this is a quantum harmonic oscillator
each part of your wave moves classically
if you were in a harmonic oscillator, you would move like a ball on a spring
the only thing different between quantum and classical is that you have an amplitude
and there are others nearby
those amplitudes bleed a little bit
okay so
since each part of the experiment wave moves classically
and each part of the experimenter wave moves classically
the only possible interaction an experimenter can undergo is classical
the quantum effects come from neighboring amplitudes bleeding about
psychosis in action
Lmfao
yea ever wonder why animals or fish dont discover math? it's always only humans

all of math is made up i swear 
So true
whales can do math

does anyone here have experience growing a lemon tree in a container?
plato means plate in my language
so it's a bit hard for me to take him seriously
My teacher asked me what to do when there is a tsunami, i need absurd answers from you guys
when im about to get hit by a tsunami*
Oh i was confused
if a tsunami approaches u have to wave ur hands above ur head so u look bigger
and make loud noises
that'll scare away the tsunami ig
that does not work with polar tsunamis tho
Ima rephrase the question to avoid confusion
What should i do when I'm about to get hit by a tsunami soon? (absurd answers only)
if it is a polar tsunami or a grizzly u have to run opposite
Thus, the idea is that sentences like ‘3 is prime’ are false, or untrue, for the same reason that, say, ‘The tooth fairy is generous’ is false or untrue
but all tooth fairies are obviously generous
That's their point
Lol
If they existed they would be generous, but they don't exist
They exist as a fiction in our heads
yeah, I sorta figured after reading literally the next sentence 
shouldn't've been so hasty 

do you guys just look at a math concept and go like, I wanna learn tbat, or the other way around saying, nope
it's always like "I wish the knowledge of this thing has been transferred to my brain effortlessly in my sleep" or smth
relatable
you're really dedicated 👀
not enough though 
there are things i dont want to learn
like the entirety of physics (for you) 
I would say algebra as well
or chemistry
why is dat?
finance people hate algebra
Noted
algebra is literally all over pure math lmao
algebra is sick
I can excuse algebra that is useful in analysis
nothing else
i mean algebra is what happens when you get two things and make another thing
yeah, a lot of people learn algebra just because of how useful it is
anything useful other than linear algebra?
,iam stu
Gave you the studying! selfrole.
useful for what exactly? the most "algebraic" thing ive ever used irl is C0 semigroup theory
ofc
for other areas in pure math lel
and what is that useful in?
well, you see
(and maybe some functional analysis)
not all of applied math has always been applied math, you know?
This is like very specifically the finance you do that you are talking about, algebra is useful in plenty of applied math
also, cryptography mfs
I can excuse math physoids, no one else
People use ag for algorithms of robots as an example
it came from pure first then became applied is what you mean?
Applied math uses tons of pure math
some of applied math, I imagine
yes
true i will admit
some of it obviously also evolved with application in mind
(and also note that supposedly applied things may never actually be used irl)
like what?
ellipsoid method moment
heres a paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.11072.pdf
im gonna be honest im not used to reading a "math paper" yet, but what is it about if I can ask?
back in the 80s some soviet mathematician developed an algorithm to solve linear programming problems and proved that it solves them in polynomial time (which was the entire point of the algorithm), but the performance was so bad that everybody kept using simplex algorithm which was exponential time complexity in theory, but fast in practice
then smart people developed interior point methods which were proven polynomial time algorithms and worked really well
its basically about comparing public info vs public info and some extra info on the occurrence of an event
problem is
no bank
no nothing
would every actually use this
oh?
I have a question - when self-studying math, how can I be sure that what I'm doing (in exercises) and understanding from the textbook is "actually math" i.e. not crankery
How do I stop myself from becoming a crank when I'm the only person really holding myself responsible
stop being the only person
in my current circumstance its a smidge difficult
in exercises you at least know the results are correct
but other than that, there is nothing you can do
professional mathematicians talk with peers too
Yeah ik
i don't have really any peers that I can turn to whenever like a prof or colleague or fellow student
because my teachers at high school either don't have a math degree or have forgotten a lot of it because it's been years
and I feel kinda bad asking people to check my work every single exercise on this server haha
but I also don't want to wait 2 years until I go to university to start learning, as that will leave me deeply unsatisfied and also will mean that I will have wasted a bunch of time, essentially
how can i change my color pleasse
i hate this blue
it sucks
i dont have any other tips
you also have to learn to not doubt yourself with certain things
but especially at the beginning its hard
i can give you white
is there any other? I am either a normie or this hideous color?
Yeah, especially when I was first reading math textbooks it was quite hard, now it's a little easier and I feel like I understand way more, like before I didn't have a clue where to start with a lot of the exercises but now intuition is beginning to take over
i can make you helper
and in the places where I have solutions, they match up (my intuition and solutions)
Looool fine i ll take hideous
not helper
Why is this the active color? green seems more appropriate i think
it might not be as difficult as you think
I mean
you're here, aren't you?
aight
thats gonna be the strat
lmao
I'll just beg people to check my solutions and I'll pray they're right
hello
You need someone else to go over your arguments until you are able to judge the validity of an argument yourself
yeah the problem with that is mistake proofing usually involves independent checkers, and humans make mistakes
i have no doubt about the completeness of my ability to analyze an argument
my doubts are with regard to the reliability
that is why people ask
What are you learning rn?
Step 1. Be rich
Step 2. Hire private tutors
nope
We're blue, just like the very actives and the mods
blue
do you understand?
Well @sick kite I'd like to start self learning some stuff myself and study groups are always a big help. Tell me what you're studying and maybe we learn together? I'm currently doing linear algebra and I'd welcome every year 1 or 2 subject unless I don't have the pre reqs for it
<@&268886789983436800>
Tada, I'll work here.
Why calling polic
The message that is replying to was deleted so probably it was inappropriate or something and the person got banned
Like me 
I try to ask ppl here to help me check my solutions when self-studying, though I don't think I have been annoying or anything. E.g.: I don't spam.
what was the message
Ye only matter of time when fishkebab get same treatment
Scary bro
That why I would like know what considered inappropriate/bannable
Fishkebab is the fish in my pfp
Dude... I could go for a fishkebab rn. But not if I'm getting banned
hey dudes
This is just a test no need to respond $1+1=2$
68 6F 77 3F
use #latex-testing
i think my group theory class teaching us field theory without any ring theory or linear algebra is fucking dumb
it's so hard to follow
I'm doing a bit of la, a bit of real analysis and a bit of general maths stuff (currently looking at dedekind cuts, moving onto cardinality and general topology]
linalg and real analysis ♥️
Hello
u watch aot?
Yup
same
Not ended yet
what
But in manga eren died
Next year
Spoiler ||eren was killed by Mikasa||
niiice. That's good endings shit
Spoiler ||zeke dies by levi, eren dies an ironic death after getting beheaded by Mikasa at the climax of the Paradis War arc, they all live in Marley after happy ending blah blah||
yeah I liked it
Yeah
I mean eren could have avoided death in a snap
this is annoying
but it's fine
mmaybe eren wanted to die
yeah that’s actually exactly what he wanted lol
But he was under control of the attack titan?
uhhh I kinda forgot haven’t read the manga in a while
Nope
why did he want to die and eradicate half the world then
Pretty sure it was to cover for mikasa running away with Eren’s head
or something like that
Oo ha 😂
lmao
also, armin was the commander of the scouts its most likely they wanted him to be the main peace negotiator and just said that
but like I said I haven’t read the manga in a while so take my words by a grain of salt lol
😂😆
Anyone here played the natural numbers game?
yea
Have you completed it, I am stuck at a place and needed some help
uh idt i got through all of it but i can try
But ngl, I find Lean more annoying than agda
Kinda makes sense, this is how I did it. A bit more convoluted, idk if I was supposed to do like this
excuse my ignorance, but does a real analysis textbook usually cover Point Set Topology
eg Tao Analysis 1 and 2
i would check myself but im not quite sure what point set topo is, even after looking it up
I’ve seen a few that do, the most prominent one being Rudin ofc
ic
enjoy more spam
the usual explanation is that x in int f(int x){ return 2 * x; } is the parameter of f and that 9 from 3*z in int z = 3; return f(3*z); is the argument of this call to f
parameter is associated with the definition
argument is associated with the call
the call is f(3*z)
this common distinction is limited, however
the argument of the call to f is 9
the operand of the call to f is 3*z
distinguishing the operand from the argument allows us to distinguish what happens at translation and what happens at evaluation
the operand is the expression in the call whose evaluation gives the argument
the parameter is the variable in the definition which receives the argument
how do we define differentiability of an R^n to R^m function via the R^m euclidean norm
Is their a difference between (3)^2 and 3^2 I'm asking for a friend he just want quiet down about it. You know how they are
Here is a good question for yall: In your opinion, is trigonometry more about circles or more about triangles?
f(x + h) = f(x) + f'(x)h + r(h)
f is differentiable if |h| -> 0 implies r(h)/|h| -> 0
In other words, if the deviation from a linear approximation infinitesimally close to a point is infinitesimal even with respect to the offset
Only 80% of my students even took the weekly quiz
Wth
Why not just at least guess answers
It's online!
The definition wraith gave for differentiability of functions f : R^n -> R^m makes sense for functions between any open subsets of banach spaces. @tender tulip
look up Fréchet-derivative for that
From Spivak's calculus on manifolds book.
Some Analysis 2 courses touch upon a bit of topology after doing metric spaces. I know A2 definitely does it in general you would wanna read Munkres or standard topology book for topology
So i have a question
that's kinda long
So
$GL(n,\mathbb{Q})$ has $SL(n,\mathbb{Z})$ as a subgroup
And two matricies generate the same lattice if they are in the same SL(2,Z) coset
well, what I wondered what happens if $M^{-T}$ the same coset as $M$
Mizalign
Which means the lattice is self dual, aka unimodular
But for dimensions 1 to 7 there's only one unimodular lattice up to isomorphism, the integer one
for dimension 8
there's also the E8 lattice
which isomorphism in this case
is that they are in the same coset
I wonder if there's an algebraic way to interpret & prove this
Mizalign
Guys i need help. I have a math 1 exam in like 3 hours for 50 marks. I studied well but i have mever been able to finish in time or i have finished just as maam collects my paper please help and give tips
if possible try solving mock exams or just exercise sheets with a timer next time you study
for now since you've already studied well it's best to just rest and relax until the exam starts
maybe at most do some review but I wouldn't even do that
Hey can someone dm me invite link of any Physics releted discord
#old-network @deep grail
Guys, I want people to ask me what 7+8 is in base 12 modular arithmetics so I can say, oh it's 3 and so on.
whats 7+8 in base 12
Oh it's 3
hilarious i want the quality of this server to improve 
My b
Respectfully, when is it not
The last three things I remember from #discussion is someone being racist, some guy telling people he's better than everyone, and someone not understanding math + getting angry about it
It's usually bad yeah
but it really has been even worse the last week or so









