#book-recommendations
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Yeah I'm using this for grad algebra lol
you can use it right now tbh
Well its more that the class I'm taking uses it as a textbook
it's perfectly fine for UG algebra, it transitions nicely into grad algebra as you go through the book
We haven't like the sections nor formatting of gallian very much tbh
Colour should not be in textbooks unless absolutely neccessary
Color should be in more textbooks
bizarre opinion
it makes it so much more fun to read
Axler handles it fine, for example, but still genuinely hard to focus for us
I like the visualizations Gallian has
Our opinion is definitely a unpopular one..or at-least uncommon one, we acknowledge that
I see, I guess it depends on the person, I don't find Axler's colors distracting at all
Visualizations and diagrams are awesome, colour is...frankly colour just ends up distracting us
"we", "us" bro is talking like the sin archbishop of gluttony š
I just realized, it's because you're "the cat collective"
LMAO WE THOUGHT YOU KNEW š
Depends on if it's specific to a single alter or to our whole system
bro is a hive mind fr fr 
Welcome to DID/OSDD my friend
just a system of cats spread throughout the globe
oh I see this is a specific disorder 
Good and bad for me just depend on how clear and understandable the mathematical exposition is
I didn't know
Lmaoo nah rather centralized entirely in front of a specific cola machine in [REDACTED] building at [REDACTED] university
How do you like lang
SCP 7689 - Ryan "The Cat Collective"
Cause Lang's clear
I feel like it'd be even clearer had he given reasons to even define what a group is before doing so
isn't Lang supposed to be a grad algebra book?
so it just assumes you've seen UG algebra once
Exactly
It's literally called undergraduate algebra
If you want undergrad and everything up read Artin
any good books to start real analysis
oh I suppose you guys are talking about different algebra books
Lang has two algebra books iirc
I mean if you're mad enough you could read lang on a first pass I guess
Abbott
"Algebra" and "Undergraduate Algebra"
Abbott
Abbott or Tao
Do not touch Rudin if you haven't had at least 2 years of undergrad-level proof writing
whats tao?
I think Abbott as a main text + Rudin PMA as a reference (for more exercises) is a goated combination
Terence Tao's Analysis I and II
ohh
hmm thxx
Man's not only an absolute genius of a mathematician but also a master expositor
One of my irl friends was visiting the uni the other day
He is currently taking college algebra at the local community college
Now uh
Imagine what happened when picked up lang
Hope he writes more expository books after turning 50
damn Tao is gonna turn 50
Thinking "algebra" meant college algebra
we are all becoming so old
We just turned 20 a few months ago
same
Yea he's turning 50 in July
He just went "what the fuck? Do you actually comprehend any of this stuff????"
I still vividly remember how famous he was in the late 2000s
Cause that was after the 2006 Fields Medal
Dude was writing like 30 papers a year or something
i like browder the best
I recommend a more "standard" analysis text alongside Tao
I didnt know tao wrote an analysis book
It's definitely one of the biggest modern analysis books out there
So I suppose you wouldn't know unless you needed to self study real analysis to some extent and didn't know what book to use
He has 2, theyāre very good
yeah im not quite in the analysis scene yet
getting there
Well technically he has more than 2, heās got two mainline RA books
Have fun when you get there
If you struggle, I suggest learning some topology in your free time even if it's just like 20 minutes a day it will help you escape epsilon delta hell and still understand analysis.
i mean ill likely be fine
im doing topo in the fall
im just using abbott for an introductory
Oh I see you're self studying
nah im in uni
Oh
you're a tough grader gg
i work hard what can i say
he also has an MT book
whats MT
measure theory
i see
damn
I was excited for the Terence Tao travelogue of Montana
not meant to be
oop missed that sorry >.<
ngl his lecture notes on his blog are higher quality than most textbooks
his blog is awesome, though we don't understand a lot of the maths there (yet :3)
I'm looking for a book that teaches linear algebra in an abstract way (I have experience with real analysis) and uses mathematical symbols. I don't care at all about computation.
Friedberg
thanks
Very praised book around here, more than Axler and H&K?
Certainly
Hot take, learning Abstract Algebra first and then going back to Linear Algebra esp with a book like friedberg was enlightening
Ofc I had a weird book as I learned rings and fields first before groups (Baby Hungerford (ug))
For me they've just blended together and like...all algebra is so fucking comfy
Interesting
I guess nobody has any recs for me this time around >.>
Hi guys I am an electrical engineering undergraduate and was wondering what would be the best book to learn about numerical methods
In Italy we typically use Quarteroni "numerical mathematics", even though I still have to read it I've heard it is pretty good
But here there's plenty of people who can suggest you much better references
People dont usually like mcgraw hill texts, Numerical Methods for Engineers by Steven Chapra is what we use in my uni
you should care about computation tbh
it's important of course computation isn't everything but it's an integral part
im learning mathematics for fun though
still, don't neglect computations
perhaps you will have better luck in #dynamical-systems ?
pensavo che tu eri spagnolo, hahaha
I totally agree, Chapra is an excellent introductory book to learn Numerial Methods. Numerical Methods by Richard Burden & Douglas Faires is also good
Yep
Iāll try that out
Thanks šš¾
Thanks šš¾
No no italiano, anche tu?
What's "perturbation theory" about?
What about it makes u comfy?
Hey there! after finishing precalc which book you recommend me on linear algebra? Thanks in advance :))
What do you want to use linear algebra for
Just for knowledge
from a pure math perspective?
Well, I think so, but my math level is very low, literally im finishing a precalc book
You can watch 3blue1browns essence of linalg series on YouTube
An actual linear algebra book would probably be a little too advanced
What is a good introductory textbook on linear programming and integer programming? A clear exposition of the foundations would be sufficient as I only need this insofar as to understand a section in another book I am reading. To be clear, I am not looking for a rigorous reference, just something quick and dirty to get up to speed with, ideally with a lot of examples.
integer programming?
So what do you recommend, just watching those videos?
Yeah it's a pretty good series to build some intuition
It doesn't go over the actual calculation processes you'd learn in a linear algebra course or book
It teaches the concepts
And then, should I just start with calculus? I mean, i just finished a long precalc book and I don't know what follows
You can do calculus now
Linear algebra doesn't help with single variable calculus
It helps for multivariable but even then, a lot of students take multivariable before linear algebra
Also note that there's a difference between "engineer's" linear algebra and general theoretical linear algebra that you'd learn slightly later in a math undergrad program
.
this is nice too
also you should consider applying for the postgraduate math role
which book explains schauder and hamel basis
wouldn't any intro functional analysis book explain this?
since every basis that's used in LA is a Hamel basis, only in FA Schauder basis is employed
right?
I'm not sure I'm just guessing I've not FA yet
I think it's just
Hamel basis = finite linear combinations of the elements in your basis
Schauder basis = countable (maybe even uncountable?) linear combinations of the elements in your basis
desafortunadamente, non sono italiano (perdonƔme, ho estudiato spagnolo ma non italiano)
Do you know spanish?
no such thing as an uncountable linear combination
unless only countably many coefficients are nonzero
that makes sense
but couldn't an integral be interpreted as an uncountable linear combination?
im looking for resources that speaks about this topics
yes
what would be "any fun anal" book for that matter?
maybe people in #advanced-analysis might know of resources that speak of this topic
I cannot say for sure as I haven't gone through any functional analysis book
I was just guessing
Aprendiste por tu cuenta o tomaste cursos?
lo he estudiado en mi colegio (secundario)
Pero despuƩs de eso no seguiste estudiƔndolo?
no
estoy tan contento con mi nivel ahora
Tenes buen espaƱol. OjalƔ decir lo mismo sobre mi inglƩs
Whatās the difference?
Any intro measure theory books? Preferably with a focus on probability, stochastic processes, control? The more applied the better but I still want rigour
Itās literally been popping up everywhere in my classes. We spent last week in my reinforcement learning class going over MDP theorems and they were all fked up measure theoretic proofs that no one really understood. Same thing in my probability class, machine learning class and data science class. I feel like Iād enjoy seeing all of these tied together
I understood one of the MDP proofs, in that one he ended up with an optimizing policy by finding the fixed point of the Bellman operator and then bounding it. That was very cool and Iād like to know how to use those measure theory tools for myself
Uhh Bertsimas for linear programming? I believe the later chapters cover integer programming. Iāve only taken a single class on it
Thereās like, a million lectures on the web too, I can privately share with you my profās notes theyāre great if youād like
I have an OR background, I suggest instead of looking at measure you just learn measure-theoretic probability.
I don't think bounding arguments come from measure theory, measure theory only tells you what are legal moves in your argumentation and/or permissible modellable space
Ya, thatās it, the bounding part was the first and last step in the proof, but in between itās as you described
Whatās OR?
operations research
You generally don't need anything more generalisable than a Polish space
Okay, sure, measure-theoretic probability, any recommend3 texts that you know of?
- too terse for me: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-61871-1
- readable for me: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-14205-5
- probability bible: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-0-387-72206-1 https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-0-387-72208-5
- 'just' measure theory: https://measure.axler.net/
seems like a good fit for what you are looking for
Schilling's too hard for me too 
https://www.amazon.com/Advanced-Linear-Algebra-Textbooks-Mathematics/dp/1466559012
any feedback about this linear algebra book
Iām looking through it and Iām just thinking how much I appreciate my probability prof because he translates all that weird notation and vocab into plain English lol
But ya, this book definitely has what Iām looking for
as you long as you resign yourself to accept that you might not completely comprehend what Talagrand is writing, I think it's fine
(that's what I tell myself)
(a more contemporary figure for that might be Duminil-Copin or Hairer)
Actually Talagrand's like really key tbh
The latest and greatest data science relies on Talagrand's work. i.e. this stuff is applied
The other two are phase transitions and rough path people, fields medal probability theory, which thankfully are not anywhere near applied math in most cases
A concise yet elementary introduction to measure and integration theory, which are vital in many areas of mathematics, including analysis, probability, mathematical physics and finance. In this highly successful textbook, core ideas of measure and integration are explored, and martingales are use...
FYI you linked to the first edition
@wide dragon
Sour Drop did you ever check this
how did you find it
idk
thats okay, thank you 
FIS
that's quite a strange order
I don't think so
still strange order
maybe it does
check it out
wow such a strange order????wtf
is it that different?
seems pretty similar to me, just different names of things
Hm I guess inner product spaces in FIS come much later
inner product spaces and linear transformations are covered in different and might I add strange orders
inner products before lin transforms is weird yeah
Ahh ic. Thanks for mentioning his name
Thx, AA had the second edition which I saw
Iāve seen linalg II taught in this order at my uni by some postdoc, and that class was full of complaints and had an exceedingly low average
Somethig similar to Neamesis' book is more standard I think though
Quite rare to see something significantly different
Best college algebra books?!
falseā¦ā¦..
serge lang
boys, i'm in a required non-major ODE class using the boyce book which seems to not even contain any proofs... not feeling good about this one š
i am fairly comfortable with analysis / topology proofs, and i am much better at understanding things than memorizing things, is there a better book i can follow along to not rely on memorizing a bag of tricks for the class?
Arnold ODEs
ah, i've heard people praise this one
yknow guys
but it's also pretty difficult no?
I'd suggest Hirsch et al
I'm reading Arnold rn and it's not difficult at all
I did read Hirsch before
And it fits your description (of the writing style you're looking for)
I prefer books that build their theories up as well
it's good
no it's intuitive
Does anyone have a good list of books for self studying maths that go from arithmetic all the way to calculus
khan academy; I don't think books are beneficial at that level
I don't agree with that
but you can use both
Openstax is free
Why Wouldnāt they be ?
If ur learning addition idk how ur able to work through textbooks
I would say AOPS covers the like high school math topics well
might take much more time to cover the same thing
textbooks are really great for learning proofs and such, but there are much more efficient ways to learn computational tricks
u don't really need a textbook to learn how to add two fractions
Sorry I was being stupid I didnāt mean to put arithmetic Iāve already covered all the arithmetic content
to learn calculus I'd argue one doesn't need books either
it's just a bag of tricks after all
real analysis on the other hand... probably impossible without a few good textbooks
ā¦unless youāre Ramanujan.
i started using books for abstract algebra, but tbh they also wouldve been helpful for diffeqs
Do you guys happen to know of a good book that has a chapter that talks about combinatory, permutations and variations with and without repetition?
Can anyone please suggest me youtube channels or playlists to learn the basics of calculus?
3b1b has a good primer.
Most discrete mathematics books should cover this material.
if its like actual computation practice, blackpenredpen has good calculus vids
calculus made easy by thompson and gardner
probably the best one
well for the basics ofc
or Stewart's
or khan
Thank you
Grillet
Ive read up to chapter 5
Working on making that higher
But the material is very good IMO, nice and curt but not without explanation
But not much messing around
The exercises are generally quite good too
I prefer them over dnf
Grillet is harder but more rewarding imo
For example he has material on group extensions and on separability in the sense of maclane,
Although they're non-required
I see 
I dislike some of his exercises for groups but past that its top quality
I would consider this books maybe with or after D&F
Meanwhile, i will start D&F soon
I'd say, if its ur first time do dnf for groups and then do grillet for rings fields etc
Also he does cover cat theory but weirdly its at the end
After everything else
Including after ext and tor, which feels out of order to me
But it was 2007 where cat theory was still more fringe
Awww I can't upload images š
Oh. I am kinda a new baby in Algebra 
Like i will start ch6 of Fridberg linear algebra soon
Why?
Then i will start D&F
Was gonna post th3 content's
Grillet?
Functors.
Propositions 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 can be expressed more compactly using a language that will be defined less informally in Section XVI.2.
A functor from bidules to doohickeys is a construction that assigns to every bidule B a doohickey F(B), and to every homomorphism Ļ : B ā ā C of bidules a homomorphism F(Ļ): F(B) ā ā F(C) of doohickeys, so that F(1B) = 1F(B), and F(Ļ ā¦ Ļ) = F(Ļ) ⦠F(Ļ) whenever Ļ ā¦ Ļ is defined.
He defines functors out of order like this lol its funny but also kinda weird
Ye
Its very peak
Oh lol
For basic cat theory for algebra i would use Aluffi
I believe he has done a good job
I think i have a pdf lemme check
wanna do Aluffi notes from underground
i will, once i do enough Lin Alg
I'll be real grillet was the first maths book I ever sat down and properly tried to read
wow 
I hope i will enjoy it as well
Conway
2nd is more advanced for a 1st course
2nd is supposed to be read after you read volume 1
so no one would read it as a first course 
i see
I mean yeah lol
Just I wouldnt rush and read 2nd volume after finish the first one
To be more familiar with the topic
I think everyone can post images in "chill" and you can reference it from here...
Thank you guys
Thx
Another great book is Jacobson's "Basic Algebra II". It covers a lot of really good stuff for graduate students and uses category theory
true, its classic. I have pdf of this book and its looks amazing
I've got it on my shelf and it will remain there until my passing
Any book recs for learning the calculus of functors?
Any recommendations for an introduction to Algebraic Geometry assuming just a semester of algebra (groups, rings, fields, no modules) and linear algebra that is not Cox (no offense to fans, but I'm not interested in that kind of stuff)?
My current idea is Fulton, but I don't know if there's a better option.
Isn't commutative algebra a prerequisite to Algebraic Geometry?
why would you want to rush in?
take your timešæ
the commutative algebra can be taught with the alg geo
the goal for this is to get an independent study with other students at my school
and I don't want them to get bored by super unmotivated comm alg
and drop
which some of them might bc it's senior year and all
Then maybe you would like "commutative algebra with a view toward algebraic geometry" by eisenbud
i've never gone through this book neither have I learned comm alg
I just know that book is a thing
AG might not be the best choice
DG might be
Andrew Pressley's DG book "Elementary Differential Geometry" is easily accesible by motivated high school students
everyone is taking analysis in the fall and topology in the spring, so the idea was not to touch something analytical and do something more algebraic (we've all taken absalg)
If weāre changing one word from AG, Iād just suggest AT.. 
but I shall take a look at this
ehh it's more geometry than analysis
sure it's analysis flavored but still...
yay differential forms yay I can finally formalize standalone dy and standalone dx
I shall take a look at this book :3
AG, CT(unless yāall have already learned much of it?) DG and HDA would all seemingly fit, fwiw
the only time my knowledge of diff forms has ever come up was in differential equations when I saw exact equation š
actusally
physics
and the little bit of de rham cohomology that I know but that's all scuffed
CT and HDA?
idk those acronyms lol
Computed Tomography
šØ
and High Dimensional Anti-commutative algebras
Well close, I just meant Higher Dimensional Algebra(might be the same thing..? As far as I know theyāre āsupposedā to be non-Abelian)
like multilinear algebra?
Category Theory and Higher Dimensional Algebra
Nah, itās about higher dimensional analogues of groups, groupoids, etc.
yea marlin karp even category theory might be a better idea than AG
for people with a 1 semseter algebra background
groups have āhorizontalā composition
Higher dimensional groups would also have āverticalā composition
maybe even calculus of functors 
category theory is fried I have to learn some for my research project and it's terrible
braided monodial categories š
ty guys for the recommendations tho
Lmfao
Np
I shall think deeply
that has rattus' fingerprints all over it
wtf based
Undergraduate algebraic geometry by Reid
no it was in a 2 week minicourse and I basically know some minor applications to physics
lol
basically nothign
doesn't this have commalg as a prereq
Not in any real sense
Its like the most basic of basic commalg
If you know any ring theory you can for sure fill in the gaps as you go, but a lot of it is just LA
shafarevich
it's a nice book
Any opinion about "Complex Analysis" by Stein & Shakarchi?'
A gonad is a gonoid in the category of endofunctors
its def the best book for what ur looking for
it's light on the prereqs but takes you very far
Hi does anyone have good suggestions for books to learn synthetic and analytic geometry
looks very cool yes and part 1 looks reasonable to do in a year
Apologies for the late reply, thanks for the suggestion. Part of the reason I ask is that there are so many resources on the web I don't know where to start. I imagine any one would be fine for my purpose but I thought it doesn't hurt to ask.
I rarely see this book mentioned, but I think Elementary Algebraic Geometry by Klaus Hulek is decent. It was recommended by my professor.
Anyone wants to start a reading / study group for Spivak's Calculus or FIS Linear Algebra? (for motivation and accountability mostly)
Preferably someone with less experience in math so we can suffer together.
Hi does anyone have good suggestions for books to learn synthetic and analytic geometry
I want to prepare for a math competition(IKMC) so please i would like some help with the books for it
you might like Miles Reid - Undergraduate Algebraic Geometry. Fair warning though, while it says Undergraduate in the title, it's for pretty strong undergrads, and the writing style is somewhat unusual. I think it requires pretty good 'math maturity'
it's one of the bunch of books on AG I'm trying to read
the best thing about that book is it's really short - just 125 pages not counting the index
and it covers a lot in those
I personally didnt like this text due to the unusual writing style
Like a really strong opinion that I have is that "I wouldnt wish my worst enemy to read this text" but thats an exaggeration ofc lol
If anything Royal Road to AG by Audrey Holmes
I remembered seeing someone here say they hate that text, guess it was you
I can kind of understand, it's a weird mix of high level and casual loosey-goosey
Yeah im definitely a hater of that text
I also felt like the exposition didnt prepare you for the question bank, but I read that text front and back and worked through the problems, but did it really early in my math maturity. Idk if it would be any better now
I also did the reading with a prof which helped a lot
If you have atleast done Abstract Algebra and want something more complicated than Royal Road, then Id prefer BAG I by Shafarovich as its more stricter to Hartshorne (each book is one chapter of hartshorne) and goes into nice detail with good examples
Any good finance-centric stochastic calc books for self learning?
Shreve stochastic calc for finance
Shreve it is then. Thankies š
Probability book for self teaching, at high-school level
Topology - James Munkres
crazy name lmao
Huh
Why would you recommend topology for probability
general recommendation not recommending for above my comment
assuming you know calculus, try ross "a first course in probability theory"
yea, Ik calculus
i'll check this out
thanks
Thanks, I'll check this out if Ross doesn't work.
Anybody know a good website or book to learn differential equation
Here is a set of notes used by Paul Dawkins to teach his Differential Equations course at Lamar University. Included are most of the standard topics in 1st and 2nd order differential equations, Laplace transforms, systems of differential eqauations, series solutions as well as a brief introduction to boundary value problems, Fourier series and ...
Thank you I will check it out
Hi does anyone have good suggestions for books to learn synthetic and analytic geometry
Danke!
chat i need some information about Fibonacci sequence and proof of it properties and identitys
mostly the proof, i pretty much have enough info
YouTube
Wikipedia
there are identitys and properties but not the proofs of them
cant even find good proofs in sources of wikipedia
math stack exchange
ill try it thanks chat
#help-5 i want to know about a good book of geostatistics. It will be very helpful. thanks!
please it is quite urgent.
books that define general linear groups?
A ā GL(n, R)
all A^nxn matrices such that det is nonzero
what is FIS?
friedberg, insel, and spense, Linear Algebra
well, do you know what a group is?
advanced based proof linear algebra
what are the prerequisites of measure theory and what are some good books about this topic
isnt FIS more on the computational side
elementary analysis and topology
point set toplogy ?
yea, or at minimum, metric spaces
and is it only bits like the ones introduced in an analysis course
or does it need more
so for example if someone studied from baby rudin
yea like what's covered in baby rudin is sufficient for measure and integration
both in terms of analysis and topology prerequisites
also for the analysis prerequisite does it require only single variable analysis or also multivariable
depends on what's covered but you don't need much multivariable stuff even to do fubini's theorem (which is the theorem about double integrals)
not as much as Gilbert Strang, Anton or David Lay
ohh ok , if you have any recommendations on the topic can you please tell me the names of the books
ohh i see
varies between books
on measure theory and lebesgue integration? the newish book by axler is supposed to be good but i haven't read it
for other books there are a couple of different approaches, some do R^n first and others start directly with general measure spaces, so it depends on which you prefer
it would be better if the book starts from general measure spaces but both options are fine
my preference also, i quite like "measure theory" by cohn
(2nd edition)
idk i didnt like his linear algebra book so i would avoid him in other topics too xD
fair enough!
folland's "real analysis" is also very good and covers more than cohn, but it's more terse and demands more of the reader (lots of gaps in proofs) and also has annoyingly many typos
alright i will keep these 2 books in mind
This book presents a unified treatise of the theory of measure and integration. In the setting of a general measure space, every concept is defined precisely and every theorem is presented with a clear and complete proof with all the relevant details. Counter-examples are provided to show that ce...
This volume consists of the proofs of 391 problems in Real Analysis: Theory of Measure and Integration (3rd Edition). Most of the problems in Real Analysis are not mere applications of theorems proved in the book but rather extensions of the proven theorems or related theorems. Proving these prob...
^ the opposite end of the terseness spectrum š
this book spells out things in sometimes painstaking detail, and there's a solutions manual to accompany it
but how does an analysis book cover measure theory more than a book on measure theory
?
well, cohn's "measure theory" is an analysis book, it's just called "measure theory" haha
i am talking about folland's analysis
rather confusingly, there isn't a standard term for a measure theory textbook
oh hahahahahha
i don't ever see a measure theory book being called "advanced calculus" though
ohhh
the point of measure theory is to provide an environment in which you can define a better integral (and also develop probability rigorously), a book only on measure theory without doing either of these things would be a very boring book
but hey, people study set theory for its own sake so who am i to judge?
tysm
oh i see , then it is reasonable to have less pure measure theory books
the lebesgue integral has better theoretical properties, to be sure, but i believe the riemann integral is the only one used for numerical integration
oh sure, riemann is sufficient for many purposes, by "better" i really meant "better for real analysis and probability" i guess
one with better limit theorems, basically
usually there is some basic treatment of functional analysis included
ohhh it seems that things are getting more exciting : )
anyway it will take some more time to reach this
but it doesnt matter since its a nice journey hahaha
tysm both of you
have a great day
@keen orbit this book is free online
just scroll down a bit
tysm
i will check this one too
folland covers more extra topics, i think, like some functional analysis and some topology in c4, cohn feels like it is more pure measure theory (and i think theres more probability theory but i could be wrong)
might throw in stein shakarchi as another rec, although i havent gone through it much
it does spend some time on the jordan measure stuff and R^n to develop intuition
can i get a few book recommendations for olympiad mathematics?
i'm a third of my way done into being selected for imo from my country and i need a bit of help
thanks in advance ā¤ļø
okay thanks
anyone got some resources for locus points for complex numbers? stuff like equations describing lines, rays, and inequalities and converting into cartesian form. my textbook doesn't use it
also throw in Rudin RCA for exercise

Can someone suggest a modern text for information theory
something that covers asymptotic equipartition theorem
guys. is there a standard textbook (preferably a relatively popular one) covers foundimental solutions of helmholtz equation? deviation and all that. physics books also welcome
can anyone suggest a book for geometry
this is too epic
hi can someone recommend a book that is like an intro or a explanation of calculus?
i have a good idea of calculus, i have done calc 3 but now i want to know more about how we arrive at this and sort of the way mathematicians found these out
or just any fun math books that isnt too textbook-ey
I would recommend 3blue1brown's essence of calculus series for that
i see, thank you!
<@&268886789983436800>
damn i was about to write "wait for your gift from mods"
but the man is gone already
lmfao
My friend is really into physics
and I'm thinking bout giving theese Fundamentals of Physics
from Haliday and Resnik
but I can find only 1 to 4
mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism and optics
will he be able to enjoy it without the complete set?
No, it's impossible to enjoy the initiation and interior of a series without its finality.
I mean can you imagine if I only purchased Baby Rudin and Papa Rudin and not Grandpa Rudin, or Silverman & Tate + Arithmetic, but without Advanced Topics?
I'd lose my mind...
On a serious note, I might recommend books from the Feynman lectures, if they don't have them all. I dont know.. I prefer to buy the typical books myself, and to be gifted the more fun books while they're cheap.
I wouldn't recommend them to a beginner, you would already have to have seen some undergrad physics to enjoy them
same goes for Lifschitz 
Lifshitz mentioned
We talking about Landau-Lifschitz?
ye ye
I enjoyed it quite a lot
I picked up field theory for my 16th birthday
Enjoy it to this day
I'm just saying you need some prior exposure to physics to enjoy it
But truth be told, we have a cult around landau in our region, and generally the whole physics spirit is based around landauās practices
My 16th birthday was great I got Hartshone Alg Geo and Bredon Top and Geo
didnt read em forever but thats when I got em
My 16th birthday was not great, I was sitting around wasting time, and not even doing calculus properly 
relatable lol I think I was forcing myself through calc 2 and odes and general top none of which I had an actual interest in
Much wasted time
how is that even possible lol?
oh lol
I put it on my amazon wishlist and my mom said bet
yeah lol I was def not prepared for em
I just have too many math books for my own good
Read all of them?
yes and no
Homie its either yes or no, it aint a qubit
I finally went through and figured out what I don't want so I'm straight up givig those to my pal when he visits
and I'm slowly making my way through the rest as I need the info
I regret buying these undergrad books because most of it is unspecific to me and you shouldn't fully read books that are unspecific to you
borrow until you find your heart š
I love every part of mathematics apart from abstract algebra
you might love it all but there'll be a few areas of problems that get your full attention
Abs alg is awesome
Canāt, too preoccupied with physics to give myself up to math
Wishing real analysis was kinder
I like all things to do with algebra, topology, and geometry, except geometric topology, but where math really stands out to me is motivic cohomology, Langlands program, and class field theory
those are my babies for sure
Oh a langlands fella
Heard you had a pretty big discovery recently
Breakthrough
the proof of the geometric correspondence?
I believe so i donāt remember exactly what
Its a very long paper, scrolled through it in summer i believe
Yep, a long time expert in the field worked with a number of folks to release 5 papers proving it
over 1.1k pages
Yeah a proof of the categorical unramified geometric langlands conjecture
also kinda real
you're right i apologize š
Single most nerdy joke ive ever heard
But i guess there will be more of that to come
says the physics guy
Mathematics is to physics what masturbation is to sex
Hi everyone š
May someone please explain to me how to work out Q1 b) please
š£ļø
š”
other way around
fr
trueeee
physicist; yeah our theory says theres a quantum field there but you cant touch it only make predictions and conduct exeriments
mathemtician: haha field go brrr
Without physics, youād have no keplerās equation which means no cauchy contour integrals and residue theorem
True
Symbiotic relationship
math without physics: 80% of math but we'd have the other 20% soon enough
physics without math: yeah if I exact my will on this thing via the instrument of my modality, then its spatial relation is inflected in some unquantifiable way
random guy: like i didnt already know this
You do not speak his name in this household
(Copenhagen interpretation and generally Dirac-Neumann axiomatized QM)
Physics is the study of the creations of god
Mathematics is the study of his mind
Lmao, accurate
1000s of years of philosophy when i say "just live and let live"
Thatās real philosophy should sound
Not whatever the sophisticated aneurism modern physicists try to force upon others
Meta conscious subdimensional relativistic spontaneity of an objective collapse through subjective experience of a material illusion
And quantum tubular induced wavefunction collapse
For real!
To make sure we remain relevant to the topic of this channel
can someone recommend a textbook on contemporary metaphysics from a mathematical perspective
Just read Hegel or Decartes
Nonsense dreamt up by the utterly deranged
Mathematical truths donāt change
š
absolutely disgusting comparison <@&268886789983436800>
Perhaps Hoffman & Kunze or Greub
check section 4.5 of chapter 4

it's a quote from Richard Feyman, but yes I agree
š¢
that's like a proof bro
it's like math
nothing + something = something
idk why you're hating physics 
which book covers gershgorin circle theorem
axler, friedberg, garcia and horn
Using a modern matrix-based approach, this rigorous second course in linear algebra helps upper-level undergraduates in mathematics, data science, and the physical sciences transition from basic theory to advanced topics and applications. Its clarity of exposition together with many illustrations...
We're just trolling none of us hate physics dw c:
Does anyone know if there exist recorded follow-up video (!) lectures on more advanced topics of Sipser than here? https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP60_JNv2MmK3wkOt9syvfQWY&si=Uf8pzZhk_JzJf-KR
Read berserk
There is no context to this
here's a whole book on it https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-17798-9 lol
thanks
thank you
Read Re:Zero
remremremremremrem
read Steins gate
I agree; it should've been the converse 
it was said by a physicist, so he was biased 
Using the unifying notion of group actions, this second course in modern algebra introduces the deeper algebraic tools needed to get into topics only hinted at in a first course, like the successful classification of finite simple groups and how groups play a role in the solutions of polynomial e...
leaving this here for recording purposes
Hi!
Any stats and prob problem books that I can get my hands on? Im self studying stats and prob for fun, thats why im asking if there is a problem book with tons of excercise and other stuff
thanks :D
In their bestselling title MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS WITH APPLICATIONS, premiere authors Dennis Wackerly, William Mendenhall, and Richard L. Scheaffer present a solid foundation in statistical theory while conveying the relevance and importance of the theory in solving practical problems in the rea...
i know there's a full solutions manual out there for this book
some exercises have solutions
there are hints to select exercises
all of these books have calculus as a prerequisite
This introduction to more advanced courses in probability and real analysis emphasizes the probabilistic way of thinking, rather than measure-theoretic concepts. Geared toward advanced undergraduates and graduate students, its sole prerequisite is calculus.
Taking statistics as its major field of...
oh almost forgot about this
there are full solutions to select exercises
Thansk!
good books for getting into real analysis/measure theory?
:D
thereās a pinned message for this
hmm it doesnāt have Axler on there, maybe it should be added. ive never read it tho so idk
my bad i didnt look to check 
hi any good geometry books
if anyone can give a quick review of this id be interested, i dont know much measure theory atm
Also check out "A User Friendly Introduction to The Lebesgue Measure and Integration"
it has the sour drop vouch tho šÆ
what topic in math is usually the most fun after finishing spivak?
fun = interesting
Real analysis then
I mean there's really no consensus answer to that, it depends on what you like
and what you're prepared to study
how about differential geometry without manifolds?
curves and surfaces in R^3
fantastic stuff and a natural progression from calculus
Do you have the prerequisites?
MANIFOLDS MENTIONED!
manifolds are insanely cool 
ohh sure sure
and diff geo of curves and surfaces will be a natural progression into smooth manifolds 
still not I'm still doing lang's basic mathematics
and probably spivak
they're pretty fun 
I see, take your time then
differential geometry looks fun too
click open in browser for better res
no idea where I've got this from, so can't credit the author
oh, here it is: github.com/TalalAlrawajfeh
okay this is actually pretty cool, I don't necessarily agree with all the progression, but it is pretty cool 
lol the latter book is not algebraic number theory
I mean yes there is some basic algebra in it, but it's an introduction to number theory (as the title suggests) but for advanced readers, someone who already knows some undergraduate mathematics like analysis and algebra
open a PR ig 
okay the book "Precalculus - Mathematics for Calculus" by Stewart, actually looks pretty cool, but the only thing I take issue with is that it introduces matrix multiplication, calculating determinants, and inverse matricies as just a bunch of calculations with arbitrary rules
the worst way to introduce basic linear algebra
geometric intuition where? 
a few words about basis and linear transformations and a few pictures would make all those calculations seem so obvious!
they ought to make a reliable crowd-sourced progression, because how can I trust this š
ugh, I hate such graphs
they're lowk stupid
this is literally so stupid
calculus then real analysis then real analysis then functional analysis then real analysis
also, artin, then linear algebra then algebra
????
Lol they can be quite fun, but this specific one is stupid I agree
how's algebraic topology and convex analysis going darQ?
I haven't done any of those in a year lmfao
i'm doing CoV and evans rn
damn PDEs! nice!
and I also wanna do lee riemann stuff this semester
DarQ turning into RYC 
CoV? calculus of variations?
CoV from Func anal POV?
hm, not that yet, no
ah so like Gelfand and Formin then?
maybe soon I onno
no, I'm following giaquinta
gelfand is lowk so slow š
chiquitita...
and also, it's old as shit
you know what they say, old is gold
meh
darQ's physics arc 
which is super smooth
you chose the worst of those actors
too little*
So, yesterday I bought a copy of Anderson and Fulton's āEquivariant Cohomology in Algebraic Geometryā. I had been waiting for this book to be published for a while, and only yesterday did I learn it had been published last year.
Is there a way to get a notification when books on a specific math topic are published?
go up, thou bald head
<@&268886789983436800>
Any good geometry books for beginners?
guys any good books for jee preparation co-ordinate geometry?
alg geo before abstract alg being an option seems ill-advised
SL TONEY?
Advanced illustration in mathematics by vikas gupta
If you do this nothing more is needed
hello

So I've started work on my bachelor's thesis and I need to read up on nets/net compactness which to my understanding is basically a generalization of compactness? Any recommendations on where to start?
nets are a generalization of sequences from metric spaces to general topological spaces
what kind of math background do you have at the minute?
Basic topology, working through real and complex analysis right now
And completed algebra sequence
My real analysis class ends next month and for complex I'll be studying that for the rest of the semester
Other than that I've done all the other basic math classes you'd expect an undergrad to have studied
And I've also taken a course on Fourier analysis and algebraic geometry (though it was pretty basic)
so instead of considering a sequence which is a function from N --> X you consider a function from a directed set to X? it's basically a change in the domain right?
why are directed sets more desirable than natural numbers when you want to define sequences in some space? more flexible?
It was by the skin of my teeth but I did do it lol
the older topology books like dugundji, engelking, kelley all cover them and so do some measure theory (folland covers them) and functional analysis books (pederson uses them heavily for all the theory). dugundji was the most readable book to me and engelking is probably the most research level as in it is written very much just as a reference so maybe it has stuff that might be helpful for you. i must say im no expert on any of this so you should wait until someone who knows what theyre really talking about sees this
Alright fair enough
Interesting that you mention functional analysis I'm actually signed up for a functional analysis class starting in a couple months but I wasn't sure if I'd actually do it
They use kreyszig though
Also I have munkres but I don't see any sections on nets
Ah that makes sense
I guess I'll give it a quick look since I have the book but ideally I'd like to learn about it from a more "pedagogically sound" place
Munkres slanderists shall be executed 
That eigenchris topology video spoke directly to my soul and I now have no shame in saying I have a personal hatred for munkres
Like seriously I think Rudin is more understandable than Munkres

think willard has some discussion on nets and filters
pretty much all book/lecture notes i have seen has it as "Supplementary"
Idk if people love big list or not!
Hallo, do you guys
know some books on teichmuller space for beginners (have a background in riemann geometry)
and possibly with dynamic systems in mind
valid take
Probably one of the better ones (despite being an old version): https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Teichmüller-Spaces-Yoichi-Imayoshi/dp/4431681760
This introduction to the theory of Teichmüller spaces will not only be used by graduate students and researchers in complex analysis and algebraic geometry, but also by theoretical physicists working with string theory. Starting with some basic facts on Riemann surfaces the authors provide a comp...
halmos
Yeah. A topology is completely characterized by the way nets work on it. You could define any topological property purely in terms of nets.
For example, a space is Hausdorff iff every convergent net has one limit point
A space where every convergent sequence has one limit point may not be Hausdorff.
What the hailll???!?! thats crazy!!
damn nets are so cool!
You can do the same with filters too
so it's because "every convergent net" not only changes the function f : D --> X but it also changes the underlying set D? like you're considering all possible functions f from all possible directed sets D?
Yeah from arbitrary directed sets. The collection of all of those functions is a proper class though, so itās easier to use Filters sometimes, since theyāre equivalent but thereās a set of filters.



Broooo wtf nets are awesome!
Friendship ended with sequences, nets is my best friendšæ
Hubbard maybe?
Milnor has a book on complex dynamics too
thanks
<@&268886789983436800>
hey u still up for this? i have strang's linear algebra book tho
Not sure why there are sullies, this is entirely subjective and I can definitely see Munkres being less understandable for others than Rudin
Just how Lee is more understandable for me than Rudin 
Though i think that's just due to my interest in geometry being strictly greater than my interest in analysis
I seriously don't get peoples' obsession with the first textbook they used to learn a subject
Just because it worked doesn't mean it was optimal
tbh its more the first comment lol
has anyone heard of "calculus made easy" by silvanus p thompson? that book got me into calc
I learned Calculus from Khan and my AP Calculus class 
yeah looking at actual calc books i dont think id have a lot of fun doing calc from calc books ngl
feels like a slog
khan, paul's notes, and some channels on yt (bprp, leonard, etc) are enough imo
obligatory "is there a categorial interpretation of this"
do you have some similar resources for linear algebra? i am absolutely hooked on linear algebra after 3b1b, but reading textbooks seem boring (mostly because i have to read them on my own). i have strang's book, but i want other resources...
also is that mob psycho opening in ur about me
I need to learn Measure Theory and Functional Analysis this summer, it's holding me back from doing some nice things, plus it will help me get an easy A when i take them formally in Fall
shidou becoming isagi with all that math
Real and Functional Analysis, by Serge Lang
anton is a nice first time book, imo, if you want smth more pure there is friedberg insel spence
thank you!!
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL6AU1UrGh9PUHmIeKdDFro9WCE2ktR2h-
i found this goldmine too
ok, thanks!
ladr
you dont have to read them all on your own exactly, as in you can just be active in #linear-algebra and get help whenever you need it, you can even start a book reading group with other people - make friends or document your journey as you work through the book like other people are doing in the threads in that channel
Honestly I got no clue! I guess you could define a topology in terms of filters on some set satisfying some coherence condition(so that they do actually define a topology), and then take the category of these with the limit(as a filter) preserving functions, and then prove this is equivalent to Top.
For nets specifically it might be harder
the collection of nets in a space X is a proper class
what does NAT stand for
something algebraic topology.. I forget what the N is for
Non-abelian Algebraic Topology, so Iāve been told
Townsend, J.S., A Modern Approach to Quantum Mechanics
I can't point to any particular reasons that I like this book, but I do indeed like it. It's a well thought-out coherent study of the structure and essential techniques of quantum mechanics...very nice for a second reading on quantum theory. It's reads like a kind of undergraduate Sakurai, but it's got strengths that Sakurai doesn't. (For one thing, Townsend did not die midway through writing his book.) It's a little less cavalier in its derivations, and a little more careful in its expositions. I guess that's because it was intended as an undergraduate text.
@vital bane
are there references for quantum computing for math students with no physics background beyond the introductory calculus based physics sequence? the only one i know is https://a.co/d/20WsNiy
@rain hound
can anyone please recommend some resources for a probability course, going by these topics?
Probability
Infinite probability spaces
Discrete random variables
Generating functions
2D discrete distributions
Continuous random variables
γ- and Ć-distributions
2D continuous distributions
Inequalities
MoivreāLaplace theorems
Central limit theorem
Law of large numbers
Transformations
Markov Chains
---
Descriptive Statistics
Random sampling
Normal sampling
Point estimation
Hypothesis testing
Confidence intervals
Linear regression
This is a rigorous, first intro to probability and math stats course. And measure theory is introduced along the way
could be more than one book, and/or video lectures / lecture notes
I don't really think the usual quantum computing books require a physics background. It's just supplement and by no means necessary. Nielsen and Chuang is fine. In the absence of that I really like Scott Aaronson's lecture notes (he is a complexity theorist who specializes in quantum computing).
thanks
along the way? that sounds roughly grimmett and stirzaker level
@subtle violet
i don't see anyone use shao or keener for their very first intro to stats
casella and berger is a standard math stats reference
(For one thing, Townsend did not die midway through writing his book.)
thank you!
yo why do you have the same nickname as nagisa now š
idk, never talk to him
oh my god Landsberg wrote a quantum computing book?
please for your own sake do not read that
he is an algebraic geometer who writes incredibly terse very difficult to read books. He does have things to say, but you will not understand his writings unless you're already an expert in my experience.
yeah the first 6 chapters of grimmett and stirzaker cover all the probability topics here. as for the measure theory, they sprinkle bits of it in until chapter 7 where it starts to get a bit involved, but it's by no means a proper treatment
they introduce enough of it for the material that follows it, more or less
by any chance, could you suggest something for (mathematical) stats as well?
Sour Drop mostly mentioned a reference, an elementary book, and a book I shouldn't use 
mb there is something else as well
only stats book I have is āAll of Statisticsā by Wasserman which I never really opened so
maybe take a peek at that
For probability theory, Durrett's book is good: https://services.math.duke.edu/~rtd/PTE/pte.html. For point estimation, https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4899-0027-2 is a classic that is advanced but very detailed.
who said casella and berger was bad?
also shao and keener are measure theoretic
by reference i mean it's an actual textbook
I mean, not bad
u just implied I probably shouldn't use it, since it's going to be my first intro to probability
oh, ok
I thought u meant something like Rudin, but in the world of probability 
casella and berger is math stats
so are shao and keener
not probability
wackerly is half probability half math stats
casella and berger was great. Wackerly is way less advanced, they're not even close.
This is such a beautifully bound book
I think the binding is sewn and not glued (?)
it may be glued signatures
but AMS hardcovers are nice
ah yeah, I think it's glued signatures
i agree, it's just that wackerly does have some topics not in c&b
As they said, Non-abelian algebraic topology!
thanks
this is actually insane wtf 
oh not a serious book rec, just thought it was funny
so the group of homotopy loops on your space or something is non-abelian?
Oh I havent clicked the link and read it yet 
Lmfao the Sakurai shade is insane 
i see now Sour drop
no i pasted the relevant block quote
all good
in general yes, the fundamental group can be non-abelian (but it is abelian sometimes)
a basic example is the fundamental group of a figure 8 shape, based at the point in the middle where the two loops join up
if you call going once around one of the loops in a chosen direction āaā, and going once around the other loop ābā, then its fundamental group can be represented as all āwordsā made up of a, a^-1, b, and b^-1
where a^-1 and b^-1 are the opposite direction versions of a and b
a typical word looks something like a * b^3 * a^-2 * b * a^5
and the product for this group is concatenating words and then reducing them (I.e. a * a^-1 cancels out, and similar)
in particular, in this group a * b does not equal b * a
itās called the free group on two generators
and it has a cool fractal-like visualization:
(going left is a^-1 and going down is b^-1. Going right twice is a^2, and etc.)
@pure parcel which zwiebach book are you talking about? if it's his QM book, i'd be happy to know if it is a sewn-bound book
i do see a review which prominently features a crappy gluebound
Learn Theoretical Physics with Mark Weitzman form classical mechanics to electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, relativity, quantum field theory, particle physics, group theory in physics, computational physics, mathematical physics, statistical mechanics, quantum computation and more. I have several sites on piazza listed below, and I am develop...
nice book review channel i found from his amazon review on zwiebach's book posted above
@vital bane
This is version 2 of a series of videos for physics textbook suggestions. Links to my piazza sites are below:
8.323 Quantum Field Theory - A Students Perspective
https://piazza.com/markweitzmans_wannabe_a_theoretical_physicist_school/other/8323
Course Term: Other
Access Code: QFT
PH200 Topics in Theoretical Physics
currently watching this
In this modern and distinctive textbook, Helliwell and Sahakian present classical mechanics as a thriving and contemporary field with strong connections to cutting-edge research topics in physics. Each part of the book concludes with a capstone chapter describing various key topics in quantum mec...
is your copy of nielsen and chuang the 10th anniversary edition?
What are some nice physics books or resources with problems that are (relatively) simple to solve by appealing to physical principles and intuition but are tedious or difficult to work out mathematically? Are there books or resources which have problems that meet the opposite conditions (relatively simple to work out mathematically but difficult to explain physically)?
Are we getting a Sour Drop physics arc 


mine is
yeah i was wondering about which edition she has
since she says her copy is sewn-bound
https://markwilde.com/qit-notes.pdf i think this is also a nice source
Oh I see, mine is just paperback 
it's not like a (new) hardcover would be much of an improvement
like most publishers, they make mostly print-on-demand slop now
Unfortunately this has been my experience with publishers today. Springer and Cambridge used to do purely sewn binding hardcovers. And now, yeah lots of pod books exist š
NAT is specifically about finding more generally non-Abelian homotopy invariants(not just the fundamental group)
Homology groups and higher homotopy groups are always Abelian, so NAT uses other methods, and has higher homotopy theoremās like Seifert-van Kampen
E.g. relative homotopy groups, theyāre Abelian for n>=3, but can be non-Abelian for n=2
This question is a bit difficult to answer because as you get further along with physics, I think both of these (the physical intuition difficulty and the mathematical difficulty) quickly increase and spiral out of control together.
So instead for the first question I will answer a topic I think the physical intuition is significantly simpler relative to the mathematical requirements.
And for the second question, a topic which mathematically is much simpler than the physical intuition required.
-
Classical mechanics (especially hamiltonian/lagrangian) answers your first question. The physical intuition required is quite modest, it is the physics of the large and every day experience. So systems where quantum decoherence dominates, where gravity is weak, where particles travel significantly slower than the speed of light. Nonetheless, the math can get quite sophisticated. Lots of differential geometry (symplectic really) and functional analysis (calculus of variations one might call it) and ODEs can get more cracked than you might imagine, youāll quickly run into stuff where you need numerical analysis or asymptotic analysis.
-
Electrodynamics answers your second question. Relatively simple math for the most part. Itās just vector calculus + PDEs. Ok PDEs are difficult but theyāre PDEs which are linear and separable, we know the greenās function, we know the kernel. But the physical intuition is insane. You think you know how electromagnetic fields behave and what they are? No you donāt. Theyāre fucking magic. It gets even (better?) worse once you get to dynamics and relativity.
Quantum physics cannot be included in response to your question. It requires cracked physical intuition and cracked calculation ability. Both in quantum mechanics and especially in QFT and later. Anyone who says otherwise is totally fucking lying.
I don't think QM, considering just statics and the most basic of cases, needs 'cracked physical intuition' or 'cracked calculation'
Looking for a lightweight Differential Geometry book aimed at non-math/engineering croud
Lecture Notes would do as well, as long as they have exercises
maybe you can check out "Visual Differential Geometry" by Tristan Needham
I was once recommended "Applied Differential Geometry" by William L. Burke by a physicist, I haven't yet gone through it, but it might suit your more applied needs
perhaps you can check out MIT OCW to see if they have such Differential Geometry courses
@vital bane i starting loomis steinberg
Have you finished Shifrin??

only until differentiation :P
na bro loomis steinberg contents making me drool, they alluring
they do calculus on normed vector spaces
also builds good amount of linear algebra š
its like shifrin but on steroids
persist.
you have to finish one book before moving onto another one
switching wildly between books is inefficient
also the content of a book says nothing about the quality of exposition of said content
can i skip chapter 4, 5 and 6 and go learn integration chapter 7? (visit 4,5,6 later?)
Does anyone know of a book concerning differential and geometric topology from a categorical viewpoint?
My professor likes to teach the classes approaching the subject from a perspective that I can't find in any book. For example, his definition of a smooth manifold made no use of charts but instead defined smooth functions as a certain subalgebra of the continuous functions satisfying a diagram for local conditions. Similarly, his construction of many other objects are done through categorical means and then instantiating them in some appropriate category
why would you do that 
chapters 5 and 6 are extremely based 
instead defined smooth functions as a certain subalgebra of the continuous functions satisfying a diagram for local conditions
wow
algebrization of analysis 
oh wait yeah, can i skip 4 then

