#help-0

1 messages · Page 257 of 1

surreal meadow
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eisenstein works

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and im sure you can device an algo out of it

median oar
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That’ll just let you make polynomials that are irreducible

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But that’s only for Z

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And ℚ as well I think

surreal meadow
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yeah by gauss's lemma

median oar
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Honestly I can’t remember much from the class

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Ok are there any other algebraically closed fields other than ℂ and the field of all algebraic numbers

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It sounds like the field of all algebraic numbers is the smallest algebraically closed field to me

tardy stag
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there are no algebraically closed fields with a lower cardinality than the field of rational algebraic numbers

lone heartBOT
#

@median oar Has your question been resolved?

median oar
#

Hmm

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And you can make it bigger without being C?

surreal meadow
#

well you can extend it finitely, but it loses algebraic closure

tardy stag
surreal meadow
#

nice, that's kind of surprising

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so the closure is like much much much smaller than C

tardy stag
#

about as much smaller as you can get yes

tardy stag
surreal meadow
#

well it's like countably many finite extensions

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but it's still surprising given how many irrationals you can actually include

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(which is countably many lol)

tardy stag
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the fact that the set of computable numbers is countable breaks me every so often

surreal meadow
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what

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that's nuts

lone heartBOT
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@median oar Has your question been resolved?

median oar
surreal meadow
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i take back what i said

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i don't think you can even extend it finitely

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since a finite extension is algebraic

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its an interesting question though, let me think about it for a minute

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im trying to think of what A(pi) looks like, where A is the algebraic numbers

tardy stag
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we don't know if $e \in A[\pi]$ I think

ocean sealBOT
#

Hayley

median oar
#

Shouldn’t that be closed

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Since that’s what field extensions do

tardy stag
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field extensions are closed under multiplication and addition

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but not algebraically

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(necessarily)

surreal meadow
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now im confused myself a little

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A(pi) is not a thing right?

tardy stag
#

A being the algebraic closure of Q?

surreal meadow
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yes

tardy stag
#

and A[pi] being a field extension of A?

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so you could do things like $x^2 - \pi x + 1 = 0$

ocean sealBOT
#

Hayley

surreal meadow
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well im differentiating between A(pi) and A[pi]

tardy stag
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oh wait what's A(pi)?

surreal meadow
#

oof i am less sure now that i read a more fleshed out explanation

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i know A(pi) should be the smallest field containing A and pi

tardy stag
#

yeah that's a field extension, generally written A[pi]

surreal meadow
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well that's only necessarily true when pi is algebraic

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or the extending element is algebraic

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like A[pi] is the polynomials on pi with coefficients in A

tardy stag
#

so like... $3\pi^2 + \frac57\pi^7 \in A[\pi]$ you're saying?

ocean sealBOT
#

Hayley

surreal meadow
#

yes

tardy stag
#

yeah i mean that's the smallest field (not necessarily algebraically closed!) containing A and pi

surreal meadow
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i don't think so

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at least given what i'm reading

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since pi is transcendental it seems that A(pi) would be rational functions of pi

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with coeffs in A

tardy stag
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yeah it is, and your question is whether that new field is algebraically closed?

surreal meadow
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well my concern is that this new extension should be algebraic since it is finite

tardy stag
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A[pi] is very not finite...

surreal meadow
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the extension is finite

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not the new field

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as in it has finite degree

tardy stag
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what do you mean CH_Dead

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oh

surreal meadow
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oh well i guess it's not finite

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since pi is transcendental lol

median oar
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Well A isn’t finite either

surreal meadow
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okok i retract my concern

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and go back to saying that either example of A[pi] or A(pi) should be, as you said, questionable examples of an extension that is not C

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i know you mentioned we don't know if e is in A[pi], but im not sure about other transcendetals

median oar
#

Well we don’t need e in A[pi] do we?

surreal meadow
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perhaps we do

tardy stag
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well i mean we'll never be able to hit every real number with any countable number of extenders

surreal meadow
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ah fair enough yes

median oar
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Well we didn’t need pi in A

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Why would we need e in A[pi]

surreal meadow
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it's like asking why Q(sqrt2, sqrt3) should include sqrt6

tardy stag
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$\sqrt\pi \not\in A[\pi]$ so... that won't work i think

ocean sealBOT
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Hayley

median oar
#

That would mean we can make e from pi?

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Which…can we?

surreal meadow
tardy stag
median oar
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Yeah polynomials of pi

surreal meadow
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how come

surreal meadow
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but we should question it a little

median oar
#

Isn’t x² - pi the polynomial with sqrt pi

surreal meadow
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if it isn't then the field is not alg closed

tardy stag
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yeah, and that's not in Q[pi] and I don't think it's in A[pi] but I haven't proven that...

median oar
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Hmm

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If sqrt pi isn’t in A[pi] then you’re saying it’s not algebraically closed

tardy stag
#

correct

median oar
#

I feel like it should?

tardy stag
outer portal
#

Helloooo what’s going on here

surreal meadow
surreal meadow
surreal meadow
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we can make arbitrarily large polynomials of pi

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though i can't seem to make the jump to a taylor series for sqrt(x)

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since we don't have any limits

tardy stag
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taylor series won't help you because they have to be finite length

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we can get arbitrarily close to rootpi

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that's no problem

surreal meadow
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the thing is

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this is an infinite dimensional vector space

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ok this is maybe a nonasnwer but there are field extensions of A larger than C if you just atke a set of variables that has cardinality larger than the continuum

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then you can just take the set of rational functions of those variables with coefficients in A

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i am curious to see if we can do something with A[pi] or A(pi) though

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actually, what im mostly wondering now is if A[pi] is a field at all

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does pi have an inverse in A[pi]?

median oar
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It should for field extensions

surreal meadow
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the thing is A[pi] just denotes the polynomials on pi with coefficients in A

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so it's a ring surely, but i don't know if it's a field extension

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A(pi) is for sure a field extension though

median oar
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Oh right

surreal meadow
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this has sparked my interest in algebra again, thank you

median oar
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Hi how do I factorise 2x + 4

surreal meadow
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i swore it off after my class on all this but these questions are pretty fun

median oar
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Wikipedia is truly a black hole

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I was trying to read about diagonalisation of matrices and I ended up here

tardy stag
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I always loved algebra but it's so hard

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oh thaaaat's why you were talking about finite extensions

surreal meadow
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oh ok

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if A[pi] was a field we would get that some polynomial of pi times pi is 1

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or that p(pi) * pi - 1 = 0

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for some polynomial p with coefficients in A, meaning pi is algebraic

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so we want to take a look at rational functions sadly

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also this holds for all fields adjoined with a transcendental element

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so it would seem F(x) = F[x] iff x is algebraic, and otherwise F[x] is not a field

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ooo so i may have a proof that sqrt(pi) is not in A(pi)

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if sqrt(pi) was in A(pi), then it must mean we can write sqrt(pi) as a rational function of pi
then we have that we can express pi as sqrt(pi)^2 -> pi is expressible as the product of two rational functions on pi

tardy stag
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ooooh

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and yesh the product of two rational functions is a rational function

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but...

if sqrt(pi) was in A(pi), then it must mean we can write sqrt(pi) as a rational function of pi
is that true? A(pi) contains all elts that are roots of rational functions as well

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eg root2

surreal meadow
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so 2 thing to note

surreal meadow
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so pi itself is a "rational function" here

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and so is, say, 1/pi

surreal meadow
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or is isomoprhic to it

surreal meadow
median oar
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I’m confused now

surreal meadow
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i was going to say we can think of this product of rational functions, say
p(pi) * q(pi)
as an element of R

median oar
#

I thought A(pi) was the field extension of A with pi

surreal meadow
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it's the smallest field containing every element of A and pi

median oar
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And A[pi] are polynomials with coefficients from A of pi

surreal meadow
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yes

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in general

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if x is algebraic over F

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F(x) is isomoprhic to F[x]

surreal meadow
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no

hoary girder
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Hello!

median oar
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Ok then I don’t understand what is happening

surreal meadow
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when x is not algebraic over F, F(x) is different from F[x]

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and F(x) can be understood to be the rational functions with variable x

median oar
#

Well pi is not algebraic over A right?

surreal meadow
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right

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so F[pi] is not a field here, and instead we want F(pi)

median oar
#

I thought field extensions are always fields

surreal meadow
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they are

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F[pi] is not a field extension

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the polynomials of pi with coefficients in A is not a field specifically

median oar
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() is field extensions

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Ok

surreal meadow
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yes, and when x is algebraic

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it just turns into F[x]

median oar
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Right

median oar
#

Coefficient in A evaluated at pi?

surreal meadow
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so

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(\mathbb{A}(\pi) \simeq \left{ \frac{p(\pi)}{q(\pi)}\ \middle\vert\ p(x),q(x) \in A[x], q(x)\ne 0\right})

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so the usual rational functions you know

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but we restrict the coefficients to just be inthe algebraic numbers

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and then we always evaluate at pi

ocean sealBOT
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maximofs

surreal meadow
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ok that's all the editing im doing haha sorry

olive mural
#

hey

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i need help

surreal meadow
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!help

lone heartBOT
olive mural
#

bro

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like equation wise

tardy stag
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hi please get your own channel we're talking here

surreal meadow
lone heartBOT
surreal meadow
#

do you see the big bold letters

olive mural
#

hayley shut up

median oar
#

@surreal meadow I heard you like algebra

surreal meadow
#

anyway, where i was going with the whole "pi is the product of two rational functions" is moot i think

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maybe there is something there but i can't see it right now

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we would have p(pi)^2/q(pi)^2 = pi

tardy stag
surreal meadow
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so

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before i comment on the resultant thing

tardy stag
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i'm not saying i've managed to understand the resultant to be clear

surreal meadow
#

let me throw out there
p(pi)^2 - pi * q(pi)^2 = 0

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which is a polynomial with coefficients in A[pi] which we may be able to work with

surreal meadow
#

i have no idea what a resultant is

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also frosst im sorry im hijacking this channel

median oar
median oar
surreal meadow
#

well it turns out to be isomorphic to that, and when you extend by an algebraic element i believe that field i wrote above just turns into the polynomials

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you essentially multiply by conjugates

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until the denominator goes back to an element in the original field

median oar
#

What do you mean by being algebraic over a field

surreal meadow
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ah

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like

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it is the solution to some polynomial with coefficients in that field

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like i is algebraic over Q

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because it is a solution to x^2 + 1 = 0

median oar
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Ah

surreal meadow
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but like

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e and pi arent

median oar
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So pi is not algebraic in A

surreal meadow
#

right

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"transcendental," if not otherwise specified, usually means "not algebraic over Q"

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in general it's just "not algebraic over the field you're working on"

median oar
#

Are all things not algebraic in A transcendental?

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Oh over Q

surreal meadow
#

yep

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so when you start with q and extend by an algebraic element it's like somewhat interesting

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and there's a lot of theory (see: galois) about it

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but it gets really tricky when you extend by a transcendental element like we are doing now

median oar
#

Just to be sure transcendental means it’s not algebraic over Q

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Not A

surreal meadow
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right

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if not otherwise specified it means over Q

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but you'll notice since A is the algebraic closure of Q

median oar
#

But if you’re not algebraic over A then you aren’t over Q either

surreal meadow
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they kind of mean the same thing

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maybe i should take that back

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we usually mean over Q, but yeah if you're not algebraic over A then def not algebraic over Q

tardy stag
#

trying to figure out how to gain any information about p(pi) from p(rootpi) or vice versa

surreal meadow
median oar
#

Oh right A comes from Q

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Sorry I’m like at work atm

surreal meadow
#

no worries frosst

lament forge
#

i've read through the whole channel and i'm now kind of lost
what's the question?

median oar
#

So I’m not often on my phone (I shouldn’t be at all hehe)

surreal meadow
#

where A is the algebraic numbers, and A(pi) is the field extension containing pi

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also since this has stretched out pretty far, im thinking of making a very tiny writeup about this if thats ok with everyone involved

tardy stag
#

yes pls

surreal meadow
#

just for like a blog of mine

lament forge
# surreal meadow is sqrt(pi) in A(pi)

suppose it is, then it's p(pi)/q(pi) for some nonzero p,q with coefficients in A, and p(pi)^2/q(pi)^2 - pi = 0, therefore p(pi)^2 - pi*q(pi)^2 = 0, therefore pi is algebraic over A, and i think that's false (although i don't remember the proof)

median oar
#

Sick

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Link pls

tardy stag
#

don't mention the fact that I confused A(pi) and A[pi] for like ten minutes

median oar
#

By what we just discussed pi isn’t algebraic over A

surreal meadow
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yeah definitely not in A

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because like its transcendental haha

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so its not in the algebraics lol

median oar
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That’s wack

surreal meadow
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ah

lament forge
#

therefore p(pi)^2 - piq(pi)^2 = 0, therefore pi is algebraic over A
(my justification for this step is that p(pi)^2 only contains even power of pi and pi
q(pi)^2 only contains odd powers of pi, and they're both individually not zero)

tardy stag
#

no i think that proof works

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yeah

surreal meadow
#

p(x)^2 - xq(x)^2 = 0

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very nice

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ok awesome

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so we found an extension of A that is not C

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very cool

tardy stag
#

not algebraically closed :(

surreal meadow
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now we just need to prove the closure of this is C

lament forge
#

...oh wait if you just wanted to check that this isn't C then it's way easier than that
A(pi) is countable and C isn't

median oar
surreal meadow
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and you can also make it bigger than C itself

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which isn't surprising since C also has extensions

tardy stag
#

wait @median oar i thought you wanted an algebraically closed field that contained A that wasn't C

median oar
#

I did

surreal meadow
#

i thought it was just an extension my bad

lament forge
#

oh
hmm

median oar
#

Oh it’s not closed is it

tardy stag
#

well uh.. this isn't it lol

lament forge
#

yeah we did just prove that A(pi) is not algebraically closed

tardy stag
#

unlucky

median oar
#

Rip

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Well

surreal meadow
#

if you extend any farther you may need to go to C to be closed

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which is like

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the original question lol

median oar
#

We just need to stick someone that’s algebraic over A

surreal meadow
#

there isn't anything

median oar
#

Into A()

surreal meadow
#

since A is closed

median oar
#

But that would already be in A

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Wouldn’t it

surreal meadow
#

yeah

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like A is alg closed so there's not (nontrivial) algebraic extensions

median oar
#

So then how tf do you get from A to C

surreal meadow
#

you extend by a non algebraic extension

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and then close it lol

tardy stag
surreal meadow
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hm so what is the algebraic closure of A(pi)

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it looks a lot like Q the more you look at it

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A(pi) that is

median oar
#

Well since A looks like Q I’d hope A(pi) does too

surreal meadow
#

it feels like closing A(pi) would be like closing Q in a way

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but should be much easier

surreal meadow
#

hm never mind

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i just keep thinking of x^2 - pi = 0 and compare pi to 2

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or any prime

tardy stag
#

i think if you want to describe A(pi) you might first try and describe A itself

median oar
#

Doesn’t it work?

surreal meadow
#

work as in

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a counterexample to A(pi) being closed

median oar
#

Well yeah

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Since we said sqrt(pi) isn’t in A(pi)

surreal meadow
surreal meadow
#

i just keep thinking of x^2 - pi = 0 cause it makes pi look like a sort of prime

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none of x^n - pi = 0 have solutions in our field

tardy stag
surreal meadow
#

i mean specifically that A(pi) is rational functions with coefficients in A, evaluated at pi

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i don't know if that's what you meant

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and that gives us a general descriptor for an element of A(pi)
now i wonder what a closure would look like. for starters we need all roots of pi, and what else?

lament forge
#

well you need roots of every polynomial where the coefficients are elements of A(pi)

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and i... think that should be enough...?

surreal meadow
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yeah but i want to go bottom up

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rather than just write the definition

lament forge
#

...well now that we've written the definition, there are only countably many of those polynomials, so the algebraic closure of A(pi) is countable and therefore not C

tardy stag
#

don't think you'll be able to, I haven't found a bottom up defn of A even

median oar
#

I looked around and A just seemed weird to describe

surreal meadow
#

my question is if we can write this closure as A(pi)(U pi^(1/n))

median oar
#

What about x^5 ones

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Don’t you run into the same problem

surreal meadow
#

hm good point

surreal meadow
median oar
#

So it’s just A but you stick pi onto every element of A

tardy stag
#

and pi^2

median oar
#

So now there’s 2 sets of it

surreal meadow
#

and pi^-1

lament forge
#

and pi^3

median oar
#

Ok now there’s countably infinite copies of A in A

lament forge
#

and 1/(pi+1)

surreal meadow
lament forge
#

i would think there's only one copy of A in A

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A(pi) is definitely countably infinite though

median oar
#

I mean

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I mistyped

surreal meadow
#

yeah it's smaller than A[pi]xA[pi]

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so definitely countable

median oar
#

There’s countably infinite copies of A in A(pi) but it has a bunch of pi’s stuck onto the copies of A

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Very rigourous mathematics coming from me today

surreal meadow
#

like A, pi * A, pi^2 * A, etc.

median oar
#

Yes

surreal meadow
#

then yeah sort of

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and then we can also do that in the denom

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and we can add them

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so it gets big, but still only countably big

median oar
#

So it’s like A with A

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But one of them has pi’s

surreal meadow
#

yeah it's like the direct sum of |N| copies of A

median oar
#

Isn’t it |Q| (I have no idea what I’m saying)

surreal meadow
#

they are equal haha

median oar
#

Oh

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True

surreal meadow
#

my point is that you basically have a vector space with basis
(1, x, x^2, x^3, ...)

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which you might recognize

median oar
#

I’m really at the edge of what I can understand at this point

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If not further

surreal meadow
#

i think this connection is a nice one to make

lament forge
#

i have realised again that i don't actually know what question we're trying to answer

surreal meadow
#

R^infinity even

median oar
#

Oh

surreal meadow
median oar
#

Not finite

lament forge
#

fair enough

#

well i found a number that isn't algebraic over A(pi)

median oar
#

So there’s no algebraically closed field between A and C

surreal meadow
median oar
#

Well e wouldn’t be in it either

lament forge
#

sqrt(pi) is algebraic over A(pi)

median oar
#

What

surreal meadow
lament forge
surreal meadow
#

sorry yes

#

i misread

lament forge
median oar
#

Well unless you know a way to make e from pi I guess

lament forge
#

being in A(pi) and being algebraic over A(pi) are distinct because A(pi) is not algebraically closed

median oar
#

Oh

surreal meadow
lament forge
#

it is an open problem whether e+pi is rational or not

median oar
#

Oh that’s what we were saying

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What’s the closure of A(pi)

surreal meadow
#

yeah that's what we were asking, if we can describe it nicely

lament forge
#

well chaitin's constant, or any uncomputable number, is not algebraic over A(pi)

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because all numbers in the algebraic closure of A(pi) are computable

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(chaitin's constant is the probability that a random turing machine halts)

tardy stag
#

haha i was talking about computable numbers earlier

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those are weeeeird

median oar
#

This is what I got from my friend

surreal meadow
#

summed up the whole convo in 2 texts

median oar
#

That’s the pi thing isn’t it

surreal meadow
#

yeah

median oar
#

Then the closure of A(pi)

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Is between A and C

surreal meadow
#

yeah

median oar
#

Lol ok

tardy stag
#

there is an algebraic closure of A(pi) and it's countable and a proper superset of A(pi) and a proper subset of C

median oar
#

(I have no idea how this links to diagonalisation of matrices but oh wel)

tacit arch
#

Someone might just answer with this though

lone heartBOT
#

@median oar Has your question been resolved?

lone heartBOT
#
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#
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barren portal
#

Find the least residues mod m that are invertable for m=5

barren portal
#

is it the solution to congruence x $\equiv$ 1 (mod 5) ?

ocean sealBOT
#

dotdoc.

barren portal
#

i see since gcd of m any of its least residue is 1, then its follows they are invertable mod m

lone heartBOT
#

@barren portal Has your question been resolved?

#

@barren portal Has your question been resolved?

lone heartBOT
#
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Use .reopen if this was a mistake.

lone heartBOT
#
Available help channel!

Send your question here to claim the channel.

Remember:
Ask your math question in a clear, concise manner.
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
After 15 minutes, feel free to ping <@&286206848099549185>.
• Type the command .close to free the channel when you're done.
• Be polite and have a nice day!

Read #❓how-to-get-help for further information on how to ask a good question, and about conduct in the question channels.

cedar dove
#

I got a graph here that asks me to find "g(2)" This graph has two lines graphed on it. However, on x=2, the first line ends at y=-1 and the second line begins at y=1. the y=-1 is an "open circle". The circle is not bolded in on the graph. Would this be answered with y=1 or y=-1? Or is this undefined?

vale wigeon
#

show graph

cedar dove
#

currently uploading from phone

vale wigeon
cedar dove
#

how come? Is it because its positive?

tardy stag
#

it's because the circle is filled in

cedar dove
#

I see, so we dont need to worry about the ones not filled in on this kind of question where it just wants to know what y is... got it, thanks!

tardy stag
#

the open circle means that curve is valid up to but not including that point, while the filled circle means it's valid including that point

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so, yes that's right

cedar dove
#

not including? I see. I was still pondering what it meant haha, thanks for pointing that out

#

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lone heartBOT
#
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rancid plover
#

for this question, a person helpfully explained that the (–log_z(y))^2 becomes (–log_z(y))^2 due to x^2 = (-x)^2
would I have to then do anything to the numerator to compensate? I'd imagine not based off of the explanation, but just covering my bases here

tardy stag
#

nope, $(-\log_z(y))^2 = (\log_z(y))^2$ all on its own, whether it's in a fraction or not

ocean sealBOT
#

Hayley

tardy stag
#

indeed, this is really true for any number, $(-A)^2 = (A)^2$ no matter what $A$ is or where it's located in an expression

ocean sealBOT
#

Hayley

tardy stag
#

as long as it has that exact form

rancid plover
#

righty, thank you

#

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#
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barren portal
#

How do I show $a^{\phi(b)} + b^{\phi(a)} \equiv 1 \pmod{ab}$

tardy stag
#

\pmod{ab} for (mod ab) btw

barren portal
#

<@&286206848099549185>

ocean sealBOT
#

dotdoc.

vale crag
#

are a and b coprime here ? @barren portal

barren portal
#

yes

vale crag
#

chinese remainder theorem seems like a good idea here then

barren portal
#

oh

#

$a^{\phi(b)} \pmod{b}$, $b^{\phi(a)} \equiv 1 \pmod{a}$

ocean sealBOT
#

dotdoc.

barren portal
#

These two beings the equations for the system, according to CRT , it has a solution mod ab, when (a,b)=1 right?

vale crag
#

alright

#

what can you say about a^phi(b) + b^phi(a) then

#

(looking mod a and mod b ofc)

barren portal
#

oh it satifies both

#

since , mod a, other one will b term vanish

#

and for mod b, a will vanish ?

vale crag
#

yeah so it's 1 mod a, 1 mod b

barren portal
#

@vale crag

vale crag
#

uh yeah ?

barren portal
#

im sorry i didnt get the answer

barren portal
#

but i dont see any x's in here as in congruence equation

vale crag
#

the a^phi(b) + b^phi(a) is your x

#

it's the value we want to find mod ab

barren portal
#

but how this helps to write congruent to 1 mod ab?

vale crag
#

well do the usual thing

#

(which is pretty much going back in the proof of CRT)

#

a and b are coprime so there are bezout coefficients s and t such that as+bt = 1

barren portal
#

$x \equiv a^{\phi(b)} + b^{\phi(a)} \pmod{ab}$

ocean sealBOT
#

dotdoc.

barren portal
#

this is what I have now

#

is it correct?

vale crag
barren portal
#

not sure where to lead

vale crag
#

we have a number $x$, which satisfies $$\begin{cases}x\equiv 1\pmod{a} \ x\equiv 1\pmod{b} \end{cases}$$

ocean sealBOT
#

_aplatypus

barren portal
#

okkie

vale crag
#

(and this x is in fact a^phi(b) + b^phi(a) but we don't really care tbh)

barren portal
#

alright

vale crag
#

so here we have the perfect setup for CRT right

barren portal
#

(a,b)=1

#

i understand this system has a unique solution, mod ab according to CRT

vale crag
#

sure, do you remember how to compute that solution though ?

#

like say a=2, b=3, are you able to do it ?

barren portal
#

yes

#

we construct an x

#

combining it's inverse and multiplication factors

barren portal
#

then I'll solve inverses to multiply

#

so that taking modulo only those are left and other vanish

#

where ai are the solutions of each, yi, inverses, Mi, M/mi , where M is the product of modulii

vale crag
#

yeah that's the idea

barren portal
#

then x=b b^-1 + a a^-1

vale crag
#

I just think it's a bit of pain to use the full computational formula here

#

that's why I was talking about the bézout coefficients earlier

#

it's pretty much the same thing (you're computing the modular inverses yada yada)

barren portal
#

sure

vale crag
#

works much better in this context though

barren portal
#

sure

vale crag
#

bt=1 mod a & bt = 0 mod b

vale crag
vale crag
barren portal
#

as+bt=1, if (a,b)=1

vale crag
#

yup as+bt is 1 mod a, 1 mod b here

barren portal
#

bezouts identity

vale crag
#

turns out as+bt is straight up 1 from bézout's identity tho

barren portal
#

yes

vale crag
#

therefore 1 is your unique solution (mod ab)

barren portal
#

yes

vale crag
#

and we won

#

x = 1 (mod ab)

#

and x was our original number a^phi(b) + b^phi(a)

barren portal
#

I see

#

so you constructed the x using CRT, and verified that whenever (a,b)=1, there exist bezouts co-efficient such that as+bt=1

#

and clearly this satisfies both equations

#

which means the system must have 1 as it’s solution

vale crag
#

well you know from CRT there's a unique solution mod ab, and you find it using that bézout stuff (which is almost the same thing as the computational formula you have, it's just easier to work directly with bezout here)

barren portal
#

Makes sense now

#

Thanks, have a great day

lone heartBOT
#

@barren portal Has your question been resolved?

#
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shy sluice
#

I need help with some homework about factorising quadratic equations, this is where im at currently but I cant find anything that would go into the second bracket that matches the first bracket

H) 15a^2 - 14a - 8

15 x 8 = 120
1 120
2 60
3 40
4 30
5 24
6 20
8 15
10 12

6 - 20 = -14

15a^2 - 20a + 6a - 8

3a(5a - 5) + ()

gray isle
#

you didn't factorise the first two terms properly

shy sluice
#

oh really

gray isle
#

3a(5a - 5) is 15a^2 - 15a
not 15a^2 - 20a

shy sluice
#

I dont understand, isnt it 5^2 - 5 which would be 20? or have I got it all wrong

gray isle
#

why are you doing 5^2 - 5

#

you've got it all wrong

shy sluice
#

no clue lol

gray isle
#

the goal is to factorise / manipulate to get something equivalent

#

15a^2 - 20a
can you identify the factor common in both
15a^2
and 20a

shy sluice
#

5?

gray isle
#

5 is a common factor,

#

are you able to factor out 5 from 15a^2 - 20a

shy sluice
#

would it be 3 times?

gray isle
#

try and show me what you get

shy sluice
#

well 15 / 3 = 5 but 20 / 3 = 6.6 recuring

#

I dont understand

gray isle
#

3 isn't a factor of 20

shy sluice
#

right

gray isle
#

5 is a common factor,

shy sluice
#

OH

gray isle
#

5 * what? = 15a^2

shy sluice
#

I think I get it

shy sluice
gray isle
#

no

shy sluice
#

3

gray isle
#

no

shy sluice
#

damn

gray isle
#

none of those have any a in it

shy sluice
#

ohh

#

so I said like 45a would that be better?

gray isle
#

no

shy sluice
#

ok

gray isle
#

stop guessing

shy sluice
gray isle
#

if you want to factor 5 out of $15a^2 - 20a$ consider:
$$15a^2 - 20a = 5 \cdot \br{\red{\frac{15a^2 - 20a}{5}}}$$
and then simplify the part in red

ocean sealBOT
#

ℝamonov

shy sluice
#

Man I never had to do any of this for my other questions and now im all confused lol, if its ok can you tell me if this is right?

10x^2 + 19x + 7

10 * 7 = 70
1 70
2 35
5 14

10x^2 + 5x + 14x + 7

5x(2x + 1) + 7(2x + 1)

(5x + 7)(2x + 1)

gray isle
#

yes

shy sluice
#

ok good

gray isle
#

i attempted to heavily break down the steps as you were making mistakes before

#

whether it be from mistakes in calculation or misunderstanding of factorisation itself

shy sluice
#

yeah maybe I should go brush up on factorisation

#

.close

lone heartBOT
#
Channel closed

Closed by @shy sluice

Use .reopen if this was a mistake.

shy sluice
#

thank you!

lone heartBOT
#
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• Be polite and have a nice day!

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south crystal
#

what value can $ab$ /times $cd$ get
if a,b,c and d are different from each other and ≠ 0

209
299
306
326
360

ocean sealBOT
#

ajax4074

south crystal
#

oop

#

ahaha

mortal trellis
#

are a,b,c,d supposed to be digits?

#

and ab, cd are the numbers formed by writing them next to each other?

tardy stag
#

that's the only thing that makes sense to me

mortal trellis
#

yeah same. still have to ask

south crystal
#

yes

#

i'll write it wait a second

#

it says this basically

#

i think it should be simple but i cant write it like how we can when subtracting and adding

#

wair can i still say that

#

i'll show

#

like here

south crystal
mortal trellis
#

I would probably just try to play around a bit with the values

#

can a be 1? what would c have to be for ab*cd to be somewhere around 200-300

#

what if a=2

#

and so on

south crystal
#

but okay

#

ah wait you said 300 bc of the options

tardy stag
#

the options will guide your choices

south crystal
#

i get it i get it

#

okay

#

let me try thay then

mortal trellis
#

you could also do it from the other direction and factor all of the choices and try to play around with the factors you get

#

either way, it will involve playing around a bit

south crystal
#

yeah i tried 360

#

but i didnt factorize it directly

#

since 60*60=360

#

i tried changing them and opening those 60's up

#

but i got overwhelmed with the amount of options we can rewrite it

#

as

mortal trellis
#

60*60=3600

south crystal
#

oh shit

mortal trellis
#

yeah 360 has a lot of factors so for that its not as nice

south crystal
#

well i tried going on with 20 for ab and 21 again for (ab)

#

but i think i'm missing something

#

or do i really need to go on with 22 23 and so on

#

oh wait not 22

#

but you see what i mean i guess

south crystal
#

what i mean is that i've now eliminated 306 and 326 since i cant get them with 21 but i dont think thats right?

#

ah am i not supposed to eliminate in the first place maybe...?

south crystal
tardy stag
#

i would look at the last digit first

south crystal
#

as in last of ab (b) ?

tardy stag
#

as in last of the product

south crystal
#

or the options' last?

tardy stag
#

the options' last digits ye

south crystal
#

oke

#

so 9 can only be

#

3*3

tardy stag
#

there are some useful properties that will let you eliminate a lot of choices for a b c d

south crystal
#

oh no 9*1 as well

tardy stag
#

more than that

south crystal
tardy stag
#

yes

south crystal
#

1,3,9 tho

#

ah well

#

0

#

thats what you meant?

tardy stag
#

no it couldn't be 0

south crystal
#

oh shit what am i saying

south crystal
#

ooohhhh now i see

#

it could also be _9

tardy stag
#

i think there's only one more possibility

south crystal
#

now what times what gives _9...

tardy stag
#

oh but that possibility is excluded by another constraint
you should still find it though

south crystal
tardy stag
#

there's only one pair of one digit numbers that multiplies to _9

south crystal
#

how is it 1 pair

mortal trellis
#

go through the options for what _9 could be. 9, 19, 29, ...

south crystal
#

3,3 and 9,1 is 2 pairs?

#

as in _3*_3=_9

mortal trellis
#

or just multiply all single digit numbers

tardy stag
#

okay... when i said _9 i meant non 0 in front

south crystal
#

there is no 19 29

#

butt

#

but ahah

#

39 can be= 13*3

#

hm it has the same digits tho

#

has two same digits*

mortal trellis
#

keep going

south crystal
#

not 49

mortal trellis
#

why not

south crystal
#

i tried factorizing it

#

am i not supposed to

#

factoring*

#

wait let me see

#

well its not in _3*3 form

#

so

#

_9*1

mortal trellis
#

you are supposed to factorize

south crystal
#

hm but i get a prime- ooohhh

#

no not ooh i dont see actually

#

i dont see what im missing

mortal trellis
#

7*7

south crystal
#

...

#

god damn it

#

7 is prime as well

#

i was trying 3

#

okay

#

but umm what are we doign rn?

#

bc we need 2 digits right?

#

2 2 digits in fact

mortal trellis
#

this type of question rewards quick mental math and being familiar with small multiplications. you should work on that if you are gonna run into questions like this

#

we were checking what options we had for b and d

south crystal
#

well it's not like i dont know 7*7 is 49

#

i tend to overlook or overthink a lot

crisp tangle
#

could someone help me with this equation.I always found it hard to get my head around

mortal trellis
#

so now you know that one of b and d is 9 and the other is 1

south crystal
#

sorry i got distracted

mortal trellis
#

dont encourage someone intruding your channel

south crystal
#

well i didnt help him

#

okay

#

maybe that is considered help

#

anyway

south crystal
#

i2ll try replacing

mortal trellis
#

so either ab=21 or ab=29. it should be easy to list the multiples of that

#

see if any of them are one of the options

south crystal
#

hmm yeah seems logical

ripe ridge
#

hi

#

so like

#

im going into 6th grade and i just need tips on math n stuff

south crystal
#

why is everyone here ..

south crystal
#

i eliminated 209 so far

#

and i got 399 by 21*19

#

which isnt one of the options but now i see the max limit i guess

#

also it cant end with 6 if i'm not miscalculating anything

#

well no it can

#

but only 336

#

which is not one of the options

worn fox
south crystal
mortal trellis
south crystal
#

oh yeahh

mortal trellis
#

for ending in 6 or 0 you would have other options for b, d

south crystal
#

299 then

south crystal
#

so i need to see if i can really write 21*_9= 199

mortal trellis
#

clearly 210 is a multiple

#

and 199 is only 11 away

#

so that cant work

south crystal
mortal trellis
#

this is the kind of things you can think about

south crystal
#

well so do i need to look onto 306 326 and 360

#

because i eliminated 209 and 299

mortal trellis
#

well could a=3 ?

#

or bigger?

south crystal
#

hm no

#

then its 209

south crystal
#

29*11=349 for example

#

i think from what you've shown

#

i need to try the same for the ones ending with 6

#

right?

#

as x6*y1 = _ 6

#

and
x3*y2

mortal trellis
#

yes just continue like this

#

well for 6 and 0 there will be more options for b and d

south crystal
mortal trellis
#

but you will get faster along the way

south crystal
#

okay okay

#

i think i get it from here

#

i got it*

mortal trellis
#

actually it will be nicer to factor these other numbers

#

just checked

#

maybe you can try that afterwards

south crystal
#

well some of the possibilities eliminate themselves

#

cant i try

south crystal
mortal trellis
#

try both approaches

#

they both have upsides and downsides

#

anyway, gtg

#

good luck

south crystal
#

thanks

#

i think i can get it so im closing it here

#

thank you for your time and effort

#

.close

lone heartBOT
#
Channel closed

Closed by @south crystal

Use .reopen if this was a mistake.

#
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Remember:
Ask your math question in a clear, concise manner.
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
After 15 minutes, feel free to ping <@&286206848099549185>.
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• Be polite and have a nice day!

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tepid radish
#

um i need algebra help

lone heartBOT
tepid radish
#

rlly bad

quiet vector
tepid radish
#

ok so

#

im doing this aops shit online shit

#

and im on unit 5 of 13

#

and i need it done by tmr

gray isle
#

show t he specific question

tepid radish
quiet vector
#

thats some fine maths tho

tepid radish
#

what that even mean

quiet vector
#

no shit in sight

tepid radish
#

im done w this bru if somebody can finish all of these units today ill pay them 20 bucks

#

swear

quiet vector
#

u gonna get banned before that tho

tepid radish
#

damn

tepid radish
#

anyways can yall help me w the question

#

please

quiet vector
#

ofc

tepid radish
#

thanks bro

quiet vector
#

!status

lone heartBOT
#
What step are you on?
1. I don't know where to begin
2. I have begun but got stuck midway
3. I got an answer but I'm told it's wrong
4. I got an answer and would like my work checked
5. I have a question about someone else's worked solution
6. None of the above
tepid radish
#

3

lone heartBOT
#

Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.

quiet vector
#

well showing ur work would help

#

we could tell u wehre u went wrong if u alreadygot the concept down

tepid radish
#

see i dont tho

quiet vector
#

thats the problem lol

tepid radish
#

im jus tryna speed past this class so i can take the geometry course which starts tmr and then the algebra 2 course that starts september

gray isle
#

how'd you get an answer without the work

quiet vector
#

he dont got the concept down ig

tepid radish
#

i did do the work it jus got me 0.6939

#

somehow

gray isle
#

show your work

tepid radish
#

its in latex is that fine

gray isle
#

as long as we can read it

tepid radish
#

bet

#

First, let's rewrite the system of equations:

$\frac{3xy}{x + y} = 5$
$\frac{2xz}{x + z} = 3$
$\frac{yz}{y + z} = 4$
To eliminate the fractions, we can cross-multiply each equation.

$3xy = 5(x + y)$
$2xz = 3(x + z)$
$yz = 4(y + z)$
Now, let's solve the system by manipulating these equations.

From equation 1, we have:

$3xy = 5x + 5y$

Rearranging terms, we get:

$3xy - 5x - 5y = 0$

Factoring out common terms, we have:

$x(3y - 5) - 5y = 0$

Simplifying, we get:

$x(3y - 5) = 5y$

From equation 2, we have:

$2xz = 3x + 3z$

Rearranging terms, we get:

$2xz - 3x - 3z = 0$

Factoring out common terms, we have:

$x(2z - 3) - 3z = 0$

Simplifying, we get:

$x(2z - 3) = 3z$

From equation 3, we have:
$yz = 4y + 4z$
Rearranging terms, we get:
$yz - 4y - 4z = 0$
Factoring out common terms, we have:
$y(z - 4) - 4z = 0$
Simplifying, we get:
$y(z - 4) = 4z$
Now, let's eliminate the variable $x$ from equations 1 and 2.
We can do this by multiplying equation 1 by $(2z - 3)$ and multiplying equation 2 by $(3y - 5)$:
$(2z - 3)(3xy - 5x - 5y) = (2z - 3)(0)$
$(3y - 5)(2xz - 3x - 3z) = (3y - 5)(0)$
Expanding the products, we get:
$6xyz - 10xz - 10yz + 15x + 15y = 0$
$6xyz - 9xy - 9xz - 15yz + 10x + 10z = 0$
Now, let's combine like terms:
$6xyz - 10xz - 10yz + 15x + 15y = 6xyz - 9xy - 9xz - 15yz + 10x + 10z$
Subtracting the right side from the left side, we get:
$15x + 15y - 6xyz + 9xy + 9xz + 15yz - 10x - 10z = 0$
Combining like terms, we have:
$5x + 5y - 6xyz + 9xy + 9xz + 15yz - 10z = 0$
Rearranging terms, we get:
$5x + 5y + 9xy + 9xz + 15yz - 6xyz - 10z = 0$
Now, let's isolate $z$ in this equation:
$-6xyz + 9xz + 15yz - 10z = -5x - 5y - 9xy$
Factoring out $z$ on the left side, we have:
$z(-6xy + 9x + 15y - 10) = -5x - 5y - 9xy$
Now, we can divide both sides by $-6xy + 9x + 15y - 10$ to solve for $z$:
$z = \frac{-5x - 5y - 9xy}{-6xy + 9x + 15y - 10}$
Therefore, the value of $z$ in the ordered triple solution $(x, y, z)$ is $\frac{-5x - 5y - 9xy}{-6xy + 9x + 15y - 10}$.

ocean sealBOT
#

gnawszn

wary stream
tepid radish
#

fax

wary stream
#

You know chatgpt is wrong a lot, right?

tepid radish
#

yea

tardy stag
#

you also know gpt generated answers not allowed in this server, right? (especially unmarked)

tepid radish
#

what the flip

#

i jus joined

#

i joiend for this one problem

wary stream
tardy stag
#

then the rules should be fresh on your mind, seeing as you read them when you joined...

tepid radish
#

crazy

#

so uh

#

i cant be helped or nun

gray isle
#

and don't attempt to pass other entities' solutions as your own

wary stream
tepid radish
#

alr cuddis ill come back when i got sumn legit

gray isle
#

could've saved some time if you just said the solution you obtained was from gpt at which point we would've said DON'T use chatgpt for math

do you have an attempt you made youreself?

#

help is a two way street

#

requires some genuine effort on your part

tepid radish
#

na cuddi

#

.close

lone heartBOT
#
Channel closed

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Send your question here to claim the channel.

Remember:
Ask your math question in a clear, concise manner.
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
After 15 minutes, feel free to ping <@&286206848099549185>.
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smoky arch
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How to change the green and orange formulas, so the blue marked intersection point (b) is at 0 on the y axis? thonkeyes

gray isle
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horizontal shift to the right,

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look up graph transformations

smoky arch
gray isle
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and that'll give you an indication of what to do

smoky arch
gray isle
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same principle applies

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what were you looking at

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1 sec,

smoky arch
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Am i entering it wrong? (Symbolab)

gray isle
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may have misunderstood what you wanted

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do you want your region to go from
0 to 2
or 0 to 4

smoky arch
gray isle
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is this what you wanted

smoky arch
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Yes! :D

gray isle
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so yeh,
what were you looking at when i told you to look up graph transformations

smoky arch
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A youtube video.

gray isle
smoky arch
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So the green graph i think is: 1-(b*x^d)/c^d

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How to shift that? 🥹

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@gray isle I dont really get the picture. :/

gray isle
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well you're tryng to move your curves to the right?

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that would be under horizontal translation right c units

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how many units do you want to shift your curve to the right?

smoky arch
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I think i got it, one moment.

gray isle
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the c in that table is not the same as the c you already had defined

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that would be under horizontal translation right c units
how many units do you want to shift your curve to the right?

smoky arch
gray isle
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concidence

smoky arch
gray isle
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the amount you wanted to translate just happened to be the same as the value of c you already had

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wherever that came from

smoky arch
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How do do the rep points thingy? Is it the medal or something else?

gray isle
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no rep system here

smoky arch
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.close

lone heartBOT
#
Channel closed

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Available help channel!

Send your question here to claim the channel.

Remember:
Ask your math question in a clear, concise manner.
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
After 15 minutes, feel free to ping <@&286206848099549185>.
• Type the command .close to free the channel when you're done.
• Be polite and have a nice day!

Read #❓how-to-get-help for further information on how to ask a good question, and about conduct in the question channels.

mossy field
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Suppose a lottery exists in which your luck increases as you play. The probability of winning a prize starts at 1%. After every unsuccessful attempt, the probability of winning increases by 1% from your previous odds (so 1% becomes 2%). When a prize is won, the chance of winning is reset to 1%. What is the expected value of the number of prizes that you will receive after 100 uses?

mossy field
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We have tried recurrence formulas but failed to get a closed form answer.

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Via python scripts we know that the answer is 1.9095 ± 0.00015

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but not exactly sure what this resembles

old radish
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Hi guys

lone heartBOT
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Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.

mossy field
mossy field
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8.1918

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Hopefully some @ Helpers can help?

lone heartBOT
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@mossy field Has your question been resolved?

mossy field
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this bots needs to be better seriously

lament forge
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i tried computing it by brute force (using a computer) and got an answer of exactly 786080126403229668198182908097394362384354574898764667238115242755521947164335122692038436352382356040222738777625219891364911130702970910977870565447613758476042568092806020045109899810694869084004791/100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

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(that's about 7.86)

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i have no idea how to derive a nice recurrence for this

lone heartBOT
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@mossy field Has your question been resolved?

elfin sierra
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Hi, I have an exercise problem, that I would like someone to verify. This is about conditional expectations.

lone heartBOT
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Channel closed

Closed by @mossy field

Use .reopen if this was a mistake.

lament forge
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...?

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.reopen

lone heartBOT
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craggy cradle
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@mossy field have u seen what Erric and I wrote earlier, we were kinda onto something but not sure

mossy field
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where?

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@craggy cradle where

craggy cradle
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I think help 12

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In there

mossy field
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what was said though

craggy cradle
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Ill find it

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2 sec

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And paste it in

mossy field
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given that the answer is exactly 7.86080126403229668198182908097394362384354574898764667238115242755521947164335122692038436352382356040222738777625219891364911130702970910977870565447613758476042568092806020045109899810694869084004791 I'll say the question is solved. 🙂 this is likely not something specific.

craggy cradle
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This was our chat:

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Firstly I tried the expectation formula but it gave me a completely unrealistic answer, but after some time I chose to approach the problem in a more simple way, without complicated formulas. So to calculate the chances of winning, I adopted a fractional perspective instead of considering percentages alone. By viewing 1% as 1/100, I added up the fractions: 1/100 + 2/100 + 3/100... + 14/100, which yielded a sum of 105/100. Based on this calculation, my probability of winning appears to exceed 100%. To determine the number of times this outcome would occur within 100 attempts, I divided 100 by 14. This calculation assumes that winning is expected in every 100% and that the percentages reset to 1% after each victory. It should in theory not be possible for the chance to exceed 100% but you get the gist of it. Im not sure if this makes sense, but my answer somehow ended up being pretty close to Hayley’s program

no this does make sense
since we are dealing with expectation
the only problem is, 14 is too high using the formula for the sum of the first n numbers you get 13.65

mossy field
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but we dont need a sum of 105/100

craggy cradle
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Ik, but u also cant get 7.8 wins thats where the problem lies

mossy field
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why?

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I'm gonna computationally verify the result above as well

craggy cradle
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On average it can be 7.8 but not if you only spin 100 times once

mossy field
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expectation definition is a weighted average

lament forge
# lament forge i tried computing it by brute force (using a computer) and got an answer of exac...

here's my code ```py
from fractions import Fraction as F

probs = {}

def raw_prob(winnings, luck, n):
if n == 0:
return F(winnings == 0 and luck == 1)
if luck == 1:
if winnings == 0:
return F(0)
return sum(prob(winnings-1, i, n-1)*F(i, 100) for i in range(1, 101))
return prob(winnings, luck-1, n-1) * (1-F(luck-1, 100))

def prob(winnings, luck, n):
if (winnings, luck, n) in probs:
return probs[winnings, luck, n]
probs[winnings, luck, n] = raw_prob(winnings, luck, n)
return probs[winnings, luck, n]

print(sum(n*sum(prob(n, i, 100) for i in range(101)) for n in range(101)))```

mossy field
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I'm gonna assume 7 is roughly correct and not 70

craggy cradle
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I definitely also think the answer is somewhere in the vicinity of 7 or 8

mossy field
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time for bug shooting

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i got this:

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8.272762261358117021221262743023522568438947036096886968992420305991112859521374678798456200358718664479445474886907388314467437407815104544672135616700214435254905728799469000716373294105484261117746

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def cache(function):
    cache = {}
    def f(*args):
        if args in cache: return cache[args]
        result = function(*args)
        cache[args] = result
        return result
    return f

@cache
def wins_average(turns_completed=0, probability=1):
    if turns_completed == 100: return 0
    return probability * (1 + wins_average(turns_completed+1)) + \
        (100-probability) * wins_average(turns_completed+1, probability+1)

print(wins_average())
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@lament forge

craggy cradle
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Im posting the problem on math.stackexchange

mossy field
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link

craggy cradle
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Ill send u one when its posted

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👍

mossy field
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sure

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also just to keep active

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.close

lone heartBOT
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Channel closed

Closed by @mossy field

Use .reopen if this was a mistake.

mossy field
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.reopen

lone heartBOT
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lament forge
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wins_average(98) gives 200 when the correct answer is 299 (1% chance you get it on the first try, 2% chance you get it on the second try, is roughly a total of 3%)

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the issue is that your 1 + counts more if it's further on because it will get multiplied by more copies of 100, which isn't correct

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i'd suggest using fractions instead of trying to write it directly in integer arithmetic

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(fractions is rationals implemented using integers so they are exact)

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(i'm going to go now but i'll hopefully be back in somewhere between 10 and 20 minutes)

mossy field
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After fixing I also get 7.86080126403229668198182908097394362384354574898764667238115242755521947164335122692038436352382356040222738777625219891364911130702970910977870565447613758476042568092806020045109899810694869084004791

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def cache(function):
    cache = {}
    def f(*args):
        if args in cache: return cache[args]
        result = function(*args)
        cache[args] = result
        return result
    return f

@cache
def wins_average(turns_completed=0, probability=1):
    if turns_completed == 100: return 0
    return probability * (100**(100-turns_completed) + \
            wins_average(turns_completed+1)) + \
        (100-probability) * wins_average(turns_completed+1, probability+1)

print(wins_average())
craggy cradle
#
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Ill gladly edit it

mossy field
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ok sure

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Edit out "fair", there's nothing fair about it lol

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also i would suggest not writing 8.1918 ± 0.00015, maybe my script has a problem

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instead give the current exact estimate we have @craggy cradle

craggy cradle
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Will do

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@mossy field any ideas on what I should call the problem instead?

mossy field
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Lottery in which your luck increases per turn but resets once you win

craggy cradle
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Hurry

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Look at new comment

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They might be onto something

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@mossy field

mossy field
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ok sure

lament forge
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i don't think they are
i tried the computation they came up with and it gives an answer of 1058791184067875423835403125849552452564239501953125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000/129277986730885202106151856642773382549665465071825090615034369359178917814747670780594211447306244001059786961886915926297133393516168977984471526892507817 which is around 8.19 and not the same as the two scripts

mossy field
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wait how is it an overestimate

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ah

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no flooring

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bye gtg, accept my friend requests