#help-49
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PA and PB are tangent to the circle, right?
math server wow
thats all i could do
yeah
That's a good start
What can you say about the triangle ABP?
uhmmm
can you please translate this to english?
okay wait a sec
A and B are tangent points [PB // [AC] m(APB) = 40° According to the given information above, what is the measure of m(BAC) = (\alpha ) in degrees? A) 40 B) 50 C) 60 D) 70 E) 80
Thorfinn
Since PA and PB are tangent to the circle, you should be able to say something about the segments PA and PB and about the triangle ABP
Exactly
so answer is 70
tysm
im so tired that i couldn see the tangents
[PE is tangent to the circle at point T. (|PT|=|BT|), (m(\widehat{TAB})=76^{\circ }) According to the given information, what is (m(\widehat{BTA})=x) in degrees? A) 66 B) 64 C) 62 D) 60 E) 58
Thorfinn
i got the answer 52
what are those purple equality sign looking things?
it means these two lines are same lenght
BT and TP
ok
Show your work, and if possible, explain where you are stuck.
oh okay
i cant take picture of paper cause i dont have my phone rn
so thats all i can do
did you assume that these two angles were equal
,calc (180-76)/2
Result:
52
no
so how did you go from what you wrote to 52
wait a sec
okay so
ATP=2a/2
ATP=a
a+a+104=180
a=38
oh wait
sorry
i actually made it
answer is 66
good
thanks for help

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Is the following proof okay or is it not rigorous?
looks rigorous to me, though i'm not sure what you mean by "since pk | m as well, it is..."
the "it is" doesn't make sense imo
i'd just delete that and you're good
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I am studying a bit of classical logic and I want to know if this proposition is true
P: 3+4 = 9 -> the universe is smaller than the milkyway
it's true because mathematicians consider all implications with false premise to be true
it's kind of like saying "If (false thing), then I'll eat my hat"
or "If (false thing), then I'm a monkey's uncle"
is there a way to formalize these?
gfauxpas
wait, looking for the right latex for it
yeah that's right
this looks very strange, but i'll go over it
$\perp$ is the symbol meaning a statement defined to be false
gfauxpas
$\vdash$ means "therefore"
gfauxpas
so this means "false, therefore" and me not writing anything to the right of "therefore" means anything can go there
so you can also write
$\perp \vdash p$
where $p$ is any statement
gfauxpas
is this axiomatic or do we have a proof of this?
ohh
it's both , really
because when you want to use the implication concept, you're assuming you know what it means when the hypothesis is false
so it's an axiom, but you're assuming it as part of the definition of implication, it's both a defn and an axiom in that sense.
are axioms and definitions not synonomous?
in general no. a definition says what something means, an axiom says something is true
as i was learning linear algebra yesterday, my tutor talked about the vector space axioms. Would it not be equally valid to say a vector space is defined to be a set with these operations?
yes, that's an example where it's both
a vector space has a definition: it's a space that obeys these axioms
np
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✅ Original question: #help-49 message
@agile root I recommend reading the first chapter or two of "Introduction to Logic and the Methodology of Deductive Sciences" by Alfred Tarski. his notation is dated but it goes over the nature of definitions and axioms and implications with false premises
youc an find the pdf online
I dunno, doubt the edition matters
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hi, im struggling to prove this by natural deduction
or more precisely im unable to prove it in the way ive been taught natural deduction
this is my work so far but the proof from 3,2,2 is missing
i think i need to use the premise R -> ¬P somehow but i just cant figure out how
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can someone explain to me what the hell i'm missing here?
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,tex
Hello there. Suppose we have a sequence $ c_n $ and the following is true:
\
$$ c_n \leq \frac{1}{2+\frac{1}{2n}} $$
\
if we prove that \
$$\forall \varepsilon >0 , \exists n_0 \in\mathbb{N} \ \text{s.t.} \forall n\geq n_0 : \ \lvert \frac{1}{2+\frac{1}{2n}} -\frac{1}{2} \rvert < \varepsilon $$ \
, then can we say that $c_n $ converges to $\frac{1}{2} $ ?
fijokazż
my brains rlly weird at the moment and i cant remember why thats the case
No
hmm what am i missing then?
You only have an inequality, that's not because the right term converges than left one also converges
true
i understand, but i dont remember what i gotta say next to prove convergence to 1/2
Well you'd have to have a second inequality or something like that
(c_n does converge to 1/2 )
To use squeeze théorème for example
yeah
Well it's still not sufficiant
It's pretty much exactly the same equality
You'd have to have something like cn > ...
yeah i see why
fijokazż
i used conjugate then Bernoulli's inequality to get my first ineq.
Do you know about limited developpement ?
Bernoulli's says (1+x)^n >= 1+nx right?
i dont think so
You did not study asymptotic expansion?
no we are at the beginning of calc 1
Like Taylor series, all of that
nono
Concavity of sqrt
Well I think Bernoulli is only for integer exponents
wait am i dumb lemme check again
Did you learn about convexity?
youre right its for integers
no
oh man i thought i was in the right path
i can definitely show that c_n <= 1/2
but idk how to find another sequence that binds c_n from below
Well Taylor series gives you a second terme, and you do have the inequality sqrt(1+x) ≥ 1+1/2x -1/8x²
I think if you did not study Taylor series, you still can prove the inequality with a function study
we cant use series expansions unfortunately
we actually arent even using derivatives or integrals either
so a lotta ways are invalid here
Well not even derivatives ?
nope lol
I don't have a lot to work with...
Give me a few minutes I gotta finish something
okeoke
i tried starting from
|c_n -1/2| and i arrived at a different kind of sequence which seems even harder to prove it converges to 0, but perhaps its more likely? idk man
ignore the arithmetic mistakes i made, and the second line is what i found
i split it in two just to see if theres anything there but idk
our professor hates us i guess
Ok I have something
It's very bizarre to do it without any taylor series but I mean if he wants to
First multiply by the conjugate
Wait a sec
howd you get the first inequality tho?
Well if you do not even have this one it'll be complicated
hahah guess what
we havent:)
Well I mean
concavity involves derivatives no? im not sure what it means in english
wdym?
Well not if you have a correct professor
our prof asked us to use the epsilon definition of a limit
i initially did it like that but he said its a nono
could we maybe prove the concavity or wtv its called via induction?
If you don't have √(1+x) ≤ 1 + 1/2x I don't think you can do anything
To be fair, the usual way to prove it is by concavity of √, you probably can do it by a function study as it's an order 2 polynomial
You can use quadratic properties ?
Roots, minima, etc
1/(4n²)>0
So 1/4x² ≥ 0 which is always true in R+
wait i think that could be fine
You have the inequation as a result
it seems to me like its the only method
Using the epsilon definition here is extremely ineffective
i mean now that we proved the inequality, squeeze theorem uses epsilon def so we good
we dont have to prove the squeeze thank god
maybe he misspoke by saying which definition to use so idk
anyways thank you ill do it this way
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can someone help me find the domain of functions it’s algebra 2 and i’m about to lose it right now
which question do you need help with?
the circled ones with green writing
i got thrown wrong
it’s test corrections for points back
but idk why it’s wrong or how to get it right 😭
I presume this is one of them?
so, you rightly guessed that the expression in the sq. root cannot be negative.
however, you did not account for the fact that the square root is in the dneominator of a fraction.
as mentioned by the writing, the denominators of fractions can never be 0 (division by 0 is undefined).
so this becomes a strict inequality.
if you let x = 1, the denominator becomes sqrt(1 - 1) = sqrt(0) = 0.
OHHHHH
can you have 0 in the denominator of a fraction?
yes, and that's precisely why x = 1 is banned from the domain.
okay tysm
as for the odd function question, do you still need help with that?
odd functions are where $f(-x) = -f(x)$. in other words, if you substitute -x for x everywhere and it turns out to be a negative copy of the original function, then it is odd.
Hyacine
how do you figure that out ?
omg wait
nvm i don’t get it
Hyacine
odd functions look the same if you rotate 180 deg around the origin
so do you set f(-x) equal to what you already have like i did
even functions look the same if you reflect across the y-axis
though I will say, this question has multiple answers. your answer is technically also correct.
yes.
the function you circled is neither even nor odd.
so even is reflection and odd is a rotation?
ohh i see
not is but you can visualise it as such
okay thanks :3
also interestingly, you can decompose any function into an even and odd part
i tried that but i got stuck
cause when i try to subtract form the other side it was jus 2x^3
applying that to your function gives you (-x)^3 + 1 = -x^3 + 1, which is neither f(x) nor -f(x).
not OP, but thank you for the insight!
how do you write it then? i was tryna copy from google but id didn’t know what f(-x) meant
say we have f(x) = x + 1. how would you find f(3)? (don't calculate - just tell me the steps you would do.)
you swap in 3 for x and solve
correct!
so it would be 3 + 1
so f(-x) is just swapping in -x for x.
for example, for f(x) = x + 1, f(-x) would be -x + 1.
okay i see
but if f(x) was itself -x + 1, f(-x) would be -(-x) + 1 = x + 1.
so basically the same thing as we do with other functions and numbers.
either way, that question seems flawed.
how come C is the right answer? i just picked something random because i wasn’t sure what to do
so
wait was your answer A or C?
would i do like x^3 + 1 = -x^3 + 1?
A is odd.
oh in that case then yes, C is right.
I thought for some reason that the correct answer was A, sorry.
no that’s fine :3
this is the right way.
and we see from here that this is neither the original function nor the negative version.
so it's neither even nor odd (so definitely not odd), which is what the question is asking for.
ohhhh
okay i see
what about the bottom one for this one
A is definitely wrong.
x = 5 will give you a negative value under the root.
in fact, any x less than 9 will do so.
not necessarily. you know that expressions inside square roots cannot go under 0. so find the value of x that makes the expression 0, and ban all values less than that (or greater than that if -x).
oh okay i get it now
tysm!
glad to help!
multiply both sides by the denominator to get it off the bottom.
then, pull any terms with y to the left, and factor y out, then send everything that isn't y back to the right side.
was i supposed to swap the x and y
normally I would swap x and y around from what you wrote, because y = f(x).
I'm not sure if your teacher allows you to write it like this though. if they do, this isn't wrong either.
okay thank you !
glad to have helped! anything else?
@wispy flax Has your question been resolved?
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Can i remove the fraction by multiplying every subject with 2?
yes
So 10 -2x -2x^2 + 10?
well you can't just get rid of the fraction entirely
by multiplying by 2, you only get rid of the denominator, not the whole subject
so you'd get 10+5x-2x-2x^2+10=0
does this make sense?
Oh so it’s not 10x?
Kk then
oh no
But I already multiplied so 2 evaporated
Ya little boy

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Ik how to find derivative but i just dont know how to deal with the exponents
Oh, well when we take dthe derivative of an exponent. We use the power rule.
If you could wait just one moment I’d like to make up some notes for it
Just to make sure. You want help with taking the derivative of an exponent right?
Well if you could walk me through the problem that would be really helpful 😢
hi, just to remind you to avoid sending a full solution
Ok, I will do my best!
just in case 
Hows about step by step shtuff?
as long as it's not all the way to the solution
Hmm, are examples of the same wuestion with different numbers good?
that's alright!
Alr here I go

Here are the basics to the Power rule
If we take example C) into account. I think that could especially jelp you in this scenario, please ask me if you want some help interpreting the power rule to a fraction
Ok im gonna try to figure it out and I’ll let you know if i get stuck
Alrighty, you know what the question is asking for in the answer when they mean Prime notation correct?
Indeed
Am i on the right track?
That is correct
Now the thing I’m having trouble understanding is what the question is asking for in terms of the numerator and the denominator itself…. I was only able to help you with the power rule 
Yeah i dont really know how to simplify from here cause like she probably doesn’t want me to actually calculate it to the 6th power righr??? 😭
Yeah, she wants you to simplify it to the point where the denominator has an exponent of 6
And where the Numerator is variable adding to each other, no exponent or anything (if I understand)
Erm how do i do that 😭
I should’ve asked, what class are you taking.. because I saw derivative and jumped in without a second thought 😔
Calculus
I actually don’t know how to solve the question it seems. I only know how to take the derivative of this here fraction
And well, your written answer was correct
I’m currently taking business calculus myself but I never got to a point where we made these kind of simplifications that Added to the exponent after taking the prime of the function
Okay 💔
I apologise. Only thing I could provide was the power rule 
Please, anything I can do to make up I will do what I can twin
Alright, this could be arranged I believe All you really have to do is simplify then add similar terms to where you’re left wit
2 fractions adding or subtracting frm each other
Like that or am i completely off? 😭
Can you take the derivative of each variable in your question ising these notes
Then we can continue the next step
Is it me or is the picture blurry, should I send it again?
? 😀
Wait, you are on the right track
Yasss
But how can we simplyfy this further, what would multiply the 7 with specifically??
If you want me to rephrase i could do so
Indeed, you multiply the 7 by whatever’s on the Numerator. Which in this case would always be 1
I didnt even have to remind you of the power rule, you’re already cooking with the chain rule
Chain rule just being multiple rules being used in an order
Did i cook
The third and fourth simplification is a bit wrong
Is it negative
Yep
But actually, if upu already know upu’re going to be subtracting that positive answer you got. Its not necessarily wrong. Whichever’s more comfy for you
Would you like me to show you what I mean
Would it he zero
Yep
But then wouldnt it not work?
Hmm you’re right
Just one sec, could you show me your addition of the derivatives
Like how you wrote them after taking their derivatives. Seeing the steps could help me point summ out
Ohh
In your question’s case. Since one denominator could never equal the other through normal means (multiplying with one variable)
So i multipke 7/2x by 2 so its 4x and then -3 by 1/5?
Naurr, hold up now. My example is a bit bare bones and NOT suited for the question at hand actually
Wait, could you show me a final answer?
Oof
So, i think I didnt emphasicze that whatever you multiply the denominator by, you also multiply the numerator by for this situation
You go to bed and maybe check this answer ima give you like tomorrow
Okay 😭
okay... So I went over the question proper, and I don't think you even got the part 1 question right, It's asking for all the variables to have an exponent of 1 which you don't have. and this is similar to the last question... which alludes to me accidentally wasting your time
I'm so fucking sorry
i'm just going to leave, the shame is simply too great
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$ABC$ is an acute triangle with $D$ being on $AB$. Find the location of $E$ and $F$ on $BC$ and $CA$ respectively such that the perimiter of $DEF$ is at the minimum
ihave<skissue>
WLOG AC>BC, i hypothesize that the perimiter of DEF is at its minimum when F'F'_1 passes trough D and E
this
basically i mirrored F to BC and AB so that EF=EF' and DF=DF'_1
im not sure how to actually finish this tho
E can freely move around without affecting F'F'_1
so E would ideally be either trough F'_1D or on DF' (not sure which one is better)
im hoping i can somehow use this on D aswell? but unless its symmetric and im silly i dont know how to
I have a feeling that coordinate bash might come into the picture here
How about mirroring D instead? And then using those images to construct E and F?
oh right i forgot topic is "strategies for drawing"
That tells me absolutely nothing lol
bruh
oh wait its not that trivial yet
oh it is...
I'm just throwing out ideas
Here's what I'm thinking
i mean its pretty obvious now isnt it
perimiter of DEF is D'E+EF+FD'_1, which is something something triangle ineq >=D'D'_1, equality at E and F on D'D'_1
okay tyy
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Can someone help me in these question !
If minus (-) sign is Thier so than I gonna take skew symmetric ?
Question 5 and 6
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Not
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im not sure if ive done this right, i equated both functions, and there established there would only be intersections if the discriminant was >=0, which led me to a quadratic in c, we need this to have real roots (discrimant >= 0) for the previous discriminant to have real roots, but i found this is true is mod a < 1, but in the q mod a > 1? probably done some things wrong thanks
@edgy crater Has your question been resolved?
setting this discriminant to be positive makes no sense
since that allows for your $4c^2+(4a+8)c+(4a^2+4a+1)$ to be negative
Civil Service Pigeon
which would mean that $f(x)=x+c$ would have no solutions in the reals
Civil Service Pigeon
@edgy crater Has your question been resolved?
oh yh tysm
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!status
What step are you on?
1. I don't know where to begin.
2. I have begun but got stuck midway.
3. I got an answer but I was told that it's wrong.
4. I got an answer and would like my work checked.
5. I have a question about someone else's work/solution.
6. I have completed the problem and don't need help anymore. Thank you.
7. None of the above
@median fossil Has your question been resolved?
I cant figure out the r and h for cylinder B
i think that this year i'll be coocked
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@median fossil Has your question been resolved?
(scale factor)^3 = ratio of volumes
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If $R$ is a ring with unit element. Then every proper ideal is contained in a maximal ideal
Halex
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is this right, i feel like i may have made some incorrect assumptions, thanks🙂
2nd and 3rd lines refer to the last digit oops
too make it more refined you can say since x should end in 1 it could be of the form 10k+1 = x
then x^3 = (10k+1)^3
open the cube and ignore all the terms with 10^2 or above factors
so you get it's last two digits as 30k+1 where k is a positive integer
so 30k+1 = 11 or k =1/3 which isnt possible
so no case so probability is 0
ok tysm

but couldn't it also be like a x 10^3 + b x 10^2 + c x 10 + 1 but ig we dont rly care about the hundreds and thousands term etc
ye but ts way you get a possible case of 11 when c=1
when c has a definite value of 3
plus you have to reason why you have given ts expression in the first place
does ts mean this
alr
I have a minor amount of brain rot due you ig so i tend to write words in short form to save time to waste it later

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✅ Original question: #help-49 message

doesn't k = 7 work
ts was our last expression
so putting k as 7 would give us 211
which isnt equal to 11
but ends in 11
hmm
sorry the q was that the cube ends in 11
but i think that just means k = 7
we want all numbers ending in 71
i think
ye
no no your right
mb
so 30k+1
lets start from ts
we need to find no. k such that the last digits are 11
i think it rly is just k=7
11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81, 91, only 21 divisible by 3?
so basically we have to choose a k such that when multiplied by 3 last digit is 1
yea
so we need to find the total number of numbers btw 1 to 1000000 that end in 71
no wait
71 right not 7?
ye
yh so 10^5 i think
cuz like theres 10 possibilities for each slot apart from the ones filled by 71
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If $R = \mathbb{Z}[i]$. Show $I = \langle 5 \rangle$ is not maximal ideal in $R$
Halex
It is contained in $\langle 2+i \rangle$ which is maximal but not sure how to show it is maximal
Halex
You don't need to show that it is maximal, you just need to show that it is not the entire set, making the previous ideal also not the entire set
uh
making the previous ideal not maximal
I need to show it's maximal 😭
I meant that you just need to show that $\langle{2+i}\rangle \neq \mathbb{Z}[i]$, and that $\langle{5}\rangle \subsetneq \langle{2+i}\rangle$
Feltheshovel
This would mean that $\langle{5}\rangle$ is contained in another proper ideal, which by definition, means that it is not maximal (I assume this is your definition for maximal ideal?)
Feltheshovel
||2+i||^2 = 5 which is a prime number...
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Hello. Is it easy for sb to explain what an ambient vector space is? If yes, explain as plainly as possible, i just wanna have an idea. I watched a vid abt a 3d surface within an ambient vector space
What do you mean ambient vector space
i acc think the guy said field not space
he explained it as like a bunch of vectors flowing through our surface or on it
Do you have a reference to “the guy”
hahah hes steve brunton on yt
Can you link it
3:04
an ambient vector field is basically a "wind" or flow of arrows defined everywhere in the surrounding 3d space (the "ambient" space) that contains your surface
so the surface is just sitting inside this bigger field of directions and speeds, like a boat bobbing in a river current that flows all around and through it
it could just mean "the space you are currently working in"
@quartz vale nice name for this question lmao
very poignant i know ;)
we use the curl of the vectors on the surface to compute integrals so i dont think it just exists in there, maybe it is affected by being in there too idk
that makes sense i think
bot work!!!!
Don’t have spaces before the closing $
∫_M dω = ∫_∂M ω
hmm that sounds good enough
This is not explaining is simply tbh lol
yeah that was a more rigorous definition
tangent bundle
oh never heard of that
No it’s the tangent bundle, which is a pretty complicated construction
i see
well thanks for the explanations. i appreciate the complex version too
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Huh?
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How to find with ε-δ?
I see x goes to ∞, so maybe ε-N is better to be used
ε>0, ∃N,
when x≥N
so for sufficiently large x this function converges to some value?
lim(a/b)=lim(a)/lim(b)
ε is for providing a direct proof of a limit once it is known, not for computing a limit
yes
x⟶∞, (cos x² - 1) ⟶ …
cos x² oscillates ∈ [−1, 1], cos x² − 1 ∈ [−2, 0]; no limit exists
u forgot about x^2 below
x² is easy, perhaps goes to ∞
what does the ratio approach?
compare the growth of cos x² − 1 and x²
so the ratio approaches what?
0
yes
Thank you @solid iris
np
∀ε>0, ∃N s.t. ∀x>N ⇒ |(cos x²−1)/x²−0|<ε.
Pick N>√(2/ε) ⇒ |…|≤2/x²<ε
Because |cos x²−1| ≤ 2 ⇒ |(cos x²−1)/x²| ≤ 2/x².
To make 2/x² < ε, need x² > 2/ε ⇒ x > √(2/ε).
So N = √(2/ε) ensures the ε-bound
ε–N shows: for any ε>0 pick N>√(2/ε) ⇒ |…|≤2/x²<ε, hence limit = 0.
yes
This is not computing the limit via the epsilon delta definition?
I don't yet understand this
np!
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a question gave me an imaginary number, it's not supposed to
I'll print it out:
so we're supposed to find the maximums and minimums of a function, and if it's increasing or decreasing analytically
for that we use the derivative
we're given the original function
$f(x) = \frac{4x - 2}{x^2 + 2}$
ℕ∈ℝD ALERT: Gonçalo Gonçalves
And what does your working look like
what the derivative gave me was: $$f'(x) = \frac{4x^2 - 4x +8}{x^4 + 4x^2 + 4}$$
Which gives a negative binomial when we equal it to 0
ℕ∈ℝD ALERT: Gonçalo Gonçalves
sorry typos
,w d/dx (4x-2)/(x² + 2)
yea
there is a minus sign missing somewhere, let me check
Yes
actually nah I missed an exponent, anywho, let me do the binomail again
alright, the binomial is an integer, now let me just complete and check the solution
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thanks @subtle blaze
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The above screenshot lists three conditions necessary for differentiating a function under the integral sign (there are other, stronger conditions too). I'd like to verify the conditions (i) to (iii) for the function $$f(u,x)=\exp\left(-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{u^{2}}{x^{2}}+x^{2}\right)\right),$$ where we integrate over $E=\mathbb{R}$ and $I=\mathbb{R}$. Condition (ii) is obvious as $f$ with fixed $x$ is a smooth function. But I struggle with (i) and (iii).
psie
@inland patio Has your question been resolved?
By the way, I meant E = (0, inf) and I = R.
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Lets say i want to solve the gauss integral and make the switch to polar. Can someone say why the following is intuitively wrong?
x = r cos
y = r sin
dx = cos dr - r sin dtheta
dy = sin dr + r cos dtheta
Now the wrong part i think
dxdy = just multiply them
Then we get stuff with dx^2 and dtheta^2 and also r(cos^2-sin^2)drdtheta
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how do i do Q1.ii
im confused on what they are asking
what do they mean by prove this result
it only happens for specific cases
idk
i dont understand what the question is saying
its probably easy once i understand it
Well it's not just for specific cases, they want you to show that for any invertible T and for any (x,y) invariant under T
oh
so if its invariant for the inverse transformation than its invariant for the transformation itself
thats what they want me to prove?
Well the other way (not like it matters much really)
so i should let T = a matrix of say a, b, c, d
and then show what the inverse of T would look like
they want you to show that if $T \bmqty{x\y} = \bmqty{x\y}$ then $T^{-1}\bmqty{x\y} = \bmqty{x\y}$
Ann
which is in fact a one-liner
oh ok
(unless you like making your own life difficult)
yeah so thats overcomplicating
And yeah you can't assume T is 2x2 anyway
all i need to say is T-1 * T * (x,y) = (x,y) = T(x,y) = T-1(x,y)
yeah
ok
mb yeah this is pretty easu
easy
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Prove that:
The sum of floor(log_2 ((2n/(2k-1)))) from k = 1 to k = n is equal to n.
I apologize for not being able to respond to my previous thread.
e4 e5 Qh5 Nc6 Bc4 Nf6 Qxf7#
you forgor the floor
the expression being summed is floor(log_2 (2n/(2k-1)))
bruh
lemme test it out at #latex-testing
$\sum_{k=1}^{n} \lfloor\log_{2}\left(\frac{2n}{2k-1}\right)\rfloor = n$
e4 e5 Qh5 Nc6 Bc4 Nf6 Qxf7#
@grand stratus is this your question?
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!xy
Please show the original problem, exactly as it was stated to you, with the entire original context. A picture or screenshot is best. If the original problem is not in English, then post it anyway! The additional context might still be helpful. Do your best to provide a translation.
- Write in English what property of a function does this express.
- Give example of function which has this property and one that doesn't.
f : ℝ ⟶ ℝ
oh so your job is to translate that mess of epsilons into English 
are u in neighbourhood of 1 or something
for all L in real and e greater than 0 and lets take del to be small and +ve idk about {1} it is saying |limit of f(x) in neighbourhood of 1 -L|]>e
ig
∀ L ∃ ε ∀ δ ∃ x ( |f(x)-L| ≥ ε )
it looks like greek now ngl
(…) \ {1} 1 is not in the delta neighbourhood of 1
ohh
hint : negate that statement, what do you get ?
¬∀ L ∃ ε ∀ δ ∃ x ( |f(x)-L| ≥ ε ) ≡
∃ L ∀ ε ∃ δ ∀ x ( |f(x)-L| < ε )
Wow that's the epsilon delta
🎉 Thanks
f(x) converges to L as x→a
f(x)=x² has this property, because it is continuous, so when x is close to a, x² is close to a²:
∀ε>0 ∃δ>0 ⇒ |x−a|<δ → |x²−a²|<ε
construct δ:
|x²−a²|=|x−a||x+a|;
if |x−a|<1 ⇒ |x+a|<|a|+1,
so pick δ=ε/(|a|+1).
g(x)=1/x (x→0) does not have this property, as when x→0, 1/x diverges.
x→0, 1/x has no finite limit:
- from the right
(x→0⁺) → +∞ - from the left
(x→0⁻) → −∞
No singleLfits∃L∀ε…⇒ fails the convergence property
yes
Claim another channel
math wording is beautiful
holy
Cheers 🐬
btw what does the upside down A and E turned to the left mean? i always forget
∀ is for all ~ All
∃ Exists
thx
@shut canyon Has your question been resolved?
I quite like it, it is challenging but seems to make sense after a while.
I'm still struggling though.
Maybe it is easier to start with convergence of sequences:
What are you having problems with right now?
algebraic manipulations, seeing patterns, and proving the limit transforming the |…| inequality expressions
Is it still about this?
for example maybe 1/(2x) < ε → x > 1/(2ε)
No, this I understand
too tedious for me tbh
i get it's purpose but i dont like it's existence
yfm
It teaches logic also for other mathematics patterns
the cons outweigh the pros for me
not like i have a choice anyway though
Reframe
topology generalizes ε–δ
You can find pros with mindfulness, and learn anything with growth mindset! 🌿

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Question: \
If I have a tuple of numbers $(1,2,3,4)$ for example and now $1\mapsto 4$, $2\mapsto 3$, $3\mapsto 2$ and $4 \mapsto 1$ such that I get $(4,3,2,1)$ (alike to rotating the tuple (1,2,3,4) in 3D horizontally), is there a specific term for what I did? I have heard of involution or that it has to do with symmetric groups, but I am not quiet sure...
Like permutation group ?
yea
I think you can write your transformation as a permutation
List.rev
and i think it's an involution because if i flip them again, then i am back at where i started
but there are tons of other involutions
just call it reversing the tuple?
nothing better than the most specific name
oh okay
cuz you can write it as a product of transposition (swap middle and swap extreme point)
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Considering the polinomial family $P(x) = x^{2n} + 2x^n + 1, with n \in N$. I want to show that, if $n$ is not pair, then P(x) is divisible by $x+1$
ℕ∈ℝD ALERT: Gonçalo Gonçalves
ℕ∈ℝD ALERT: Gonçalo Gonçalves
What does "n is not pair" mean
probably means odd
oh yea
I didn't remember the name
so I just translated it to is not pair
but the right word is odd
it's correct
I remember now
is x = -1 a root of P(x) then?
Then you are done
?
If a is a root of the polynomial p, then x - a | p
little Bezout's theorem
I never heard of that rule
isn't it just euclidean division
sorry
what are the theorems you know about polynomials
do you know any
ruffini's law
umm
teorem of the rest (literally translating)
intire division
yes use that
hold it let me check other pages of the unit
Let $p$ be an $n$'th degree polynomial and $a$ a zero. We can divide $p$ by $x - a$ and get [p = (x-a)q + r] for some polynomials $q, r$ with $\text{deg}(r) < \text{deg}(x - a) = 1$.
This is division with remainder, you agree with this?
We didn't use at all that a is a zero
This is just plain division with remainder
This is good
Should be what I used
well, ok, but I still don't see how it helps solve something to the nth power.
Kepe
It will help in a second
So now you just need to check if -1 is a root, because by what we proved, it implies x - (-1) = x + 1 divides p
You probably already proved this in class or somewhere in your book
You maybe wouldn't have had to reprove it yourself
The only thing you need to do is plug in -1
And check if it's 0
some questions before we move on
why divide $p$ by $x-a$, is p not $= (x-a)q + r$ by nature
ℕ∈ℝD ALERT: Gonçalo Gonçalves
Yes it is
What we show is that r = 0
I see, we do the intire division of the polinomial we have by x - a, and it gives us r = 0
i literally just told you that rule like an hour ago
the only rules were then chain rule and that other rule
$f(\frac{b}{a})$
Okii, sorry
and
ℕ∈ℝD ALERT: Gonçalo Gonçalves
an hour ago that's it
yes you can use that one i told you just now (it's called the remainder theorem) to prove what he just said
all good, it's just a server mechanic, you can claim your own channel
I get what you're saying, but i saw something to the power of n and I got scared
all good
it's this part
Yep, the remainder r is always 0 when a is a zero of p, as we proved
right, I saw your deducation, I still don't understand how if the number was odd it is divisible by x+1. Is it because it works on every number?
As we just proved, if a is a zero of p, then x - a divides p.
We want to prove that x + 1 divides p, right?
And so it's enough to show that -1 is a zero of p
And now you plug -1 into whatever your p is
And see if it gives you 0


