networks

[ember ledge]

i found something

to fix my problems

i did some digging

and research

and found an api in roblox from 2012 that doesnt ratelimit based on ip address

so

yeah

no need for proxies anymore

[ember ledge]

so now just simple questions

basically

b'HTTP/1.1 400 Bad request\r\nContent-length: 90\r\nCache-Control: no-cache\r\nConnection: close\r\nContent-Type: text/html'

im getting this

maybe i have this part wrong?

[white sage]

hi, do you know a library to do traversal nat ?

[ember ledge]

The get part isn’t a path because it gave me a 308 redirect

[ember ledge]

can someone give me a harder networking project ideea?

[quick rapids]

I want to create a wifi throttling tool

[quick rapids]

do you know how to write one in python?

for example, block or limit certain devices on my wifi

[ember ledge]

thats ok

thx

[quick rapids]

can anyone give me some pointers on where to get started on this project

[minor oriole]

Hey, can anyone explain me how i can make a python file on an extern server and how i can connect to this and use a funcion that is in this file on the extern server?

[quick rapids]

is there a way to get device names as well as MAC addresses in python

[minor oriole]

you can use the command shell for that. Just import it and you can write and read in the cmd

[ember ledge]

as i told you before

GET https://www.example.com/path HTTP/1.1 will not work with regular websites

only with proxies (and as far as i remember some older version of HTTP, might be wrong on that)

No I understand that

@ember ledge

so obv

But when I use the normal path

400 error is returned

It redirects me to that

We went over that before

[ember ledge]

?

It’s like 308 permanently redirected to

That link

try changing

Host: roblox.com to

Host: www.roblox.com

[ember ledge]

^

[ember ledge]

Ok

[ember ledge]

Yeah

Looks good I guess though I don’t like the multi line string

[ember ledge]

@ember ledge left me on read

[ember mica]

A news report says that company XYZ’s network was attacked by outsiders, who apparently sent a lot of spoofed ARP requests/responses from remote machines to the company’s network, trying to launch ARP cache poisoning attacks. Please comment on whether this is fake news or not.
Can someone please explain this one?

[ember ledge]

Whoops

[ember ledge]

It didn’t work

I’m confused on the parameters

And also

That didn’t work

I didn’t just now try it since I’m not home but that was what I first tried

And it didn’t work

Gave me the redirect

I’ll try when home

[ember ledge]

@ember ledge

monkey moment

i fixed it

forgot to add content length

oooops lol

[ember ledge]

all good now?

[ember ledge]

yes

[ember ledge]

[haughty sinew]

how can i invoke something when a websocket send anything using aiohttp

[ember ledge]

hey

[ember ledge]

have you looked into the websockets with aiohttp?

like some sample code?

[haughty sinew]

i found the answer

[ember ledge]

@ember ledge i was wrong there is still something wrong

i cant seem to send my parameters through a get request in socket

              "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"
              # "X-CSRF-TOKEN: {}\r\n"
              # "cookie: {}\r\n"
              "content-length: 45\r\n"
              "\r\n"
              "assetTypeId=8&itemsPerPage=10&userId=31797661\r\n"
              "\r\n"```

i cut out the top line

[ember ledge]

alright

well

again

im dumb as shit

theres no need to put 9in the body

i just put it in the headers

nono

i mean

in the path

[shell glacier]

naughty

[ember ledge]

?

[shell glacier]

Wait, what ru doing with Roblox?

[ember ledge]

making a price checking bot

[shell glacier]

oh, alr

[tacit matrix]

Heya, so I have 2 4gs wireless network hubs, from 2 diffrent network supplier

What would happen if I plug them both into a network switch?

Anyone know?

[kindred flame]

It'd work. "Hubs" (what I am assuming are wireless routers) need to be configured each manually though. I would really recommend not using two different vendors as it can be difficult to manage authentication. Its usually much better to have a single hub (or even better: a router that uses APs instead of integrated for wireless) that connects to multiple APs if you want to expand your range.

Generally you want Router > Switch > APs

[tacit matrix]

I do have routers and aps actually In here

it goes 4G modem > Switch > ap

but here is the thing, i have 2 4g modems

that i wanna connect to the switch

and later in the future, i wanna connect a fibermodem into the switch aswell

(we dont have fiber yet in this old house from the 1960)

here is what my network is looking like atm

here is what i wanna do

@kindred flame

(if you are wondering why i have two routers conected in a series, i needed to isolate a projector in a meetingroom along with a printer so noone conecting from the AP's would be able to use the printer or projector for meseciues stuff, this was the only way i knew how without doing some weird stuff with the switch)

[white sage]

hi, i have a problem, when i download the package miniupnpc, i never get the files .py

[rugged field]

Hi @Марвил#2376

[stark jolt]

G'day everyone! I'm starting a networking company, specialising DDoS protection and web-filtering for educational services, (Schools for example).

I'm currently looking for someone to aid in the development of some backend softwares. There are no prerequisites, as this is a learning experience for whoever wants to join. Although there are no requirements, a history in networking and web development are desirable. To discuss this further, including payments, please message me privately.

Here are the current services we are developing:

Minecraft DDoS Protection:
  - Global network of distributed proxies, spreading the network of players across pools based on geolocation
  - We already have the knowledge and resources to make a fully functional API and web panel.

Content Filtering:
  - In the near future, we are looking at creating an educational tool, used to block certain websites that meet            
    certain filters. We have an idea on how this would work, we just need to put it into code and do some testing. On   
    top of this, the system will allow data allocation to specific accounts, have a live feed of tx/rx traffic, and 
    indicating whether is has been dropped or not.

HTTP/1/1.1/2 DDoS protection:
  - Similarly to the Minecraft DDoS protection, we are looking at supplying protection to web-applications, such as 
    websites, APIs and countless other web resources

Hope to hear from you soon!

Mitch

[amber flint]

i may sound like the you got any games on your phone? when i say this but.
How does a public server work and how is it possible to make my home laptop a server?

[warm valley]

Better not to open ports on your personal machine freely.

[kindred flame]

You want to use the modems as routers? Do they even have that capability? If not, why do you need more then 1 modem? Of course adding more routers would work... but why?

[kindred flame]

A server pretty much is just a PC running 24/7 that has very little running on it except whats required. Laptops don't make great servers because of their thermals (and usually low specs.) Have you looked into a Raspberry Pi instead?

[amber flint]

Actually looking into one. I want to know how it would be public to the world

[kindred flame]

If you only open the port to whatever you are doing, you need to setup authentication on that. It'd be about as open as your PC.

[prisma cobalt]

in networking, a client will always connect to the server first. never the other way round (it wouldnt make sense for the server to preemptively connect to a client right).
for a client to connect to your server you need 2 things

1. an application listening on that port, like a server script
2. the expected port needs to be open to incoming traffic

people usually get stuck on the second thing lol

[tacit matrix]

I don't want to use the modems as routers

I just want better 4g cover in the house

It's a pretty big place

The only modem is a shotty 4g modem

[kindred flame]

I mean no you can't just hook up modems and have them act as access points, since the only way thats possible is if it was a modem/router combo. A modem connects you to the internet, you have to have a router to route through a modem.

[tacit matrix]

I don't want to use them as wireless hubs! x3

[kindred flame]

fixed that

[tacit matrix]

Nor access points

I that's not how I want this to work

Did you see my map?

[kindred flame]

yes I am aware. I don't know if you understand all the terminology. AP = wireless access point, aka transmits 4g/5g, router = routes between devices, modem = connects from your coax or fibre to your home network.

[tacit matrix]

I don't have fibre yet

[kindred flame]

thats fine

[tacit matrix]

I have a 4g mobile phone modem

So

4gmobile phone modem is the only internet sauce

It connects to a switch

That to a few diffrent routers in the house

[kindred flame]

Okay why do you need 2 modems for 4g again?

[tacit matrix]

Better cover and if one fail i have a backup

The 4g isn't very reliablf

[kindred flame]

Okay I was confused I thought you were talking about 4g wireless and not connecting to a cellular 4g connection

so with that cleared up: If the two devices are the same brand, odds are they have a way to pair the devices so they can have better coverage. Two different brands and you will most likely have to manually configure the devices.

[tacit matrix]

No problems

My question is :what will the switch/routers do? Will they use both of og the modems, one. Both but switch between em?

[kindred flame]

So thats where the configuration comes in, if they are the same brand and you configure it correctly it will just swap when it needs to, using the best connection or when the other one goes out.

[tacit matrix]

And when I connect a fibre modem in the future, what will happen

[kindred flame]

It depends is it the same internet provider?

[tacit matrix]

Nooe

[kindred flame]

Then whats going to happen is that you'll be using two different IP addresses when the router routes your stuff out.

This can be bad if you are hosting stuff or certain brands that rely on having a singular IP might be not great. (Though assumably you won't need the other modems anymore if you are using fibre)

[tacit matrix]

Oh yeah

That's the problem im having with this 4g modem atm

It keeps changing the antenn it's connecting to. And changing the ip

I csnt have a static ip

[kindred flame]

I mean the provider should be giving you a static IP

Oh thats right, the sim card has to be a special kind that actually has a static IP on it

Most sim cards just use whatever is available first

They are called static sim cards or fixed IP sim cards

[tacit matrix]

I phones them about it. They said it's imposible since It changes thr antena depending on the connection

[kindred flame]

If thats what they told you then thats probably true

[tacit matrix]

So there is no way to ssh my raspbery pi :(

[kindred flame]

You could python code something to send out to your other PC the current IP regularly 🙂

unfortunately whenever it disconnects its gonna change IP though probably lol

Its not great, but thats what happens when you don't have a ethernet/fibre connection

[tacit matrix]

not sure if this clarifies it lol

and here is the plan for th efuture

[ember ledge]

@ember ledge no more errors?

[ember ledge]

Some weird rate limiting on my aws

But

Nothing I can’t fix

Yeah everything is working

[random trout]

interesting... i'm actually reading an article on sockets from realpython. the problem is i don't think it's possible for me to upload scripts to the camera - is that what you meant with "the other side"?

[light elm]

What would be the best way to send some text between a nodejs app and a python app?

I am thinking about sockets

basically the nodejs app would send some data and the python app would parse and do some stuff with it then return some other data which would then be used in the nodejs app

Are sockets the best method for this?

or like some http rest api like thingy with flask on localhost

that sounds overly complicated

[late patio]

requests.post("http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/message", data="lmafo")

How do i print the data in a flask server?

[viral plume]

How I can get the connection strength to the network I am connected to?

[fast vale]

Afaik as long as you make some checks to make sure each party knows when to stop receiving, sure.

[ember ledge]

can someone give me a socket-networking project in python pls?

[earnest blaze]

Something like skribbl.

[ember ledge]

not games

cause idk pygame

[earnest blaze]

Did you already do anything?

[ember ledge]

chatroom and rat

I mean the basics

the most common projects

[earnest blaze]

rat?

[thorn stratus]

This is the exact usecase for DDNS

[kindred flame]

Yeah technically they could use zerotier, now that I think about it

[ember ledge]

remote administration tool

[sharp dove]

Can someone plsss tell me how to do step 4?

[nimble maple]

You create a CNAME record for the website/dns name

with the IP of the server

[sharp dove]

where do I put the cname

[nimble maple]

In the DNS server. Then with DHCP, you put the DNS server IP in the field

[azure crypt]

Does AWS counts as #networks tech?

[lean saddle]

hello
I have a problem
in python code

print(gateway)```
this code return :
```   Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.1
0```
I want to delete 
``` Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : ```
and return 
``` 192.168.0.1 ```
please help me

[soft silo]

if you want to get ip there's a better way

[lean saddle]

yes, I want ip

how

[soft silo]

socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())

!d socket

[errant bay]

socket

Source code: Lib/socket.py

This module provides access to the BSD socket interface. It is available on all modern Unix systems, Windows, MacOS, and probably additional platforms.

Note

Some behavior may be platform dependent, since calls are made to the operating system socket APIs.

[soft silo]

stdlib no need for install

[lean saddle]

NO I want default gateway ip address

[soft silo]

hang on

socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname() + ".local")

it works on my linux

idk windows

but worth a try

[lean saddle]

my system is windows

[soft silo]

I know

but do take a try

[lean saddle]

yes

but it return my laptop ip

I want default gateway ip

[soft silo]

hmm

weird

idk sorry

[wraith ice]

awww packet tracer, i remember those days :3

[half forge]

I don't know of a good Python module for looking at your local routing table in a way I'd be "happy" with, so I think you are down to parsing system commands, which I'd always avoid if I could.

This Powershell command should return exactly what you want. The IPv4 default gateway. There normally only will be one, but in theory, there could be multiples.

Get-NetRoute -DestinationPrefix "0.0.0.0/0" | Select-Object -ExpandProperty "NextHop"

So something like

import subprocess
import ipaddress

response = subprocess.run(
    [
        "powershell",
        "-Command",
        "Get-NetRoute -DestinationPrefix '0.0.0.0/0' | Select-Object -ExpandProperty 'NextHop'"
    ],
    capture_output=True,
)

# WARNING: This assumes there is ONE and EXACTLY ONE default gateway.
# Broken networks may have zero, and this will crash.
# Some more complex network scenarios, including those with redundancy
# and those with VPN's may have more than one default gateway. This should
# also be handled.

gateway = ipaddress.ip_address(response.stdout.decode("utf-8").strip())
print(gateway)

[ember ledge]

Not sure if this the right channel to ask this, but basically I have these 2 services (Camera service: reads frames, processes data, notifies PLC service about events, sends data) and Programmable Logical Controller service (PLC service for short: reads data from PLC, notifies camera service about events) and I need bidirectional communication between these two services. My current implementation uses simple threads / queues for inter-thread-communication - however my code is starting to get messy and it seems I need to seperate these two services. I keep reading but can't understand which of the three I should be using: rabbitMQ, Kafka or Redis for such task ?

Any suggestions appreciated

[radiant vortex]

Hi, I am using netmiko to connect to real cisco switches/routers.
I am currently using time.sleep(0.1), ** Can I send commands to cisco devices instantly, or do I need the time.sleep?** if so, what amount should I wait in between each command?

[loud linden]

Hi,
Does anyone know of a maintained/decent library to you for interfacing with Cisco Nexus switches?

[loud linden]

Does cisco have its own python library?

is netmiko maintained?

[loud linden]

I am trying to write a small monitor for my PTP status which I want to send to Zabbix - i was wondering if anyone has any recommendations on how best to do this? I have many switches on different subnets

[half forge]

Generally, after using send_command() Paramiko will wait until it sees the prompt again before sending the next command, so you shouldn't need a delay.

You can do send_command(expect_string="SOMEREGEX") if you want to see something other than the prompt as the thing to wait for.

I've found prompt detection mostly "just works", but if you go into router contexts with unusual prompts and the like, you can find it breaks.

[fleet sparrow]

hello, how do i fix a 403 forbidden when trying to access a docker running on a server port

[coarse leaf]

I am so new to socket programming, i am making a chat application
Ques: if i am hosting on local network then to connect with others i need to have one port dedicated to all the person or i have to have one port for each person

[ember ledge]

You have to port forward, program your router to redirect incoming packets from a specific port to a specific ip:port in your LAN

Get the IP address of the computer you are using and make sure that packets coming to your router are redirected to the address of your computer and the port you open.

when i say your router i mean your WAN IP

you know the difference between WAN and LAN?

[coarse leaf]

😅 lan for local area network and wan for wolrd area network?

[ember ledge]

yes

all devices connected to your router are in LAN

[coarse leaf]

Is there any vidoe u will suggest me to watch ? I have just seens some tuts ob python socket, and i am working on local onkine chat app with the tech with tim code as the basic understanding

[ember ledge]

no, i didn't learn from youtube

sorry

[coarse leaf]

U learnt from ..?

[ember ledge]

There was a guy here on the server, I don't know his name anymore

But i also took some networking courses

He teached me how to do it

[coarse leaf]

Ohh

Are lan and wam two different things in terms of device?

[ember ledge]

they are not devices

LAN is a defining term

Define all devices connected to the same router in your home

WAN refers to all routers that are connected to the global Internet

[coarse leaf]

😂 i am mobile network user, 😅 and i have nothing connected to wifi

It seems like i must clear my basics 😅

Anyways thanks, seems like a next level thing for me to work on

[long pelican]

someone help, I made a code to check if the version of the program is the most up-to-date, in the case the code has a variable with its version and on the site it has the most up-to-date version, so my if is not working the way it was supposed to work even if the version that is in the var and the one on the site is the same it prints (version wrong) and if it is wrong it prints the same thing someone help pls

In vs code:

Versão_atual = "v1.2"

def teste333():
    Url = "https://Teste.pontoio.repl.co"
    conexao = urllib3.PoolManager()
    retorno = conexao.request('GET',Url)
    pagina = BeautifulSoup(retorno.data, 'html.parser')
    print(pagina.prettify())
    global versao
    versao = pagina.prettify()
    
teste333()
print(versao)
print(Versão_atual)

if versao == Versão_atual:
    print("version certain")
if versao != Versão_atual:
    print("version wrong")

In replit:

from flask import Flask
from threading import Thread

app = Flask('')


@app.route('/')
def home():
    return "v1.2" #versao atual da insim mais atualizada possivel


def run():
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8080)


def note():
    t = Thread(target=run)
    t.start()


note()```

[meager wasp]

what python modules should i learn for networking after sockets

[storm saffron]

why are you using beautifulsoup and prettify

returno.data is exactly what you want

but you're parsing it as html then displaying it as html again

[nova maple]

.

[radiant vortex]

Thanks!

[radiant vortex]

Cisco has a Mekarki API, I think they might have a Nexus API too.
But Netmiko works great. It seems to be maintained

not 100% sure though

[short raven]

is there any way where we can do reverse dns look up with multiple ip address?

[coarse leaf]

In many yt tutorials i see that on server side they do an infinite loop and then after work is done they just closes that program
Python handles all this at its side but how can i close the server while closing the program

When i see the tcp connection i see that thise connection (server and client) are still established, i tried to end the process throught powershell commad but it seems like they dont closes but their PID number changes

[half forge]

@coarse leaf

So reclarifying the question so I know I'm thinking about the correct thing.

• You have a client program, and a server program.
• You fire them up and they communicate successfully using TCP.
• You terminate the server program (how exactly ?).
• You say the connection is "still established". I'm guessing this is by running something like "netstat -an" and seeing "ESTABLISHED", but I'm not sure.

"I tried to send the process throught powershell commad but it seems like they dont closes but their PID number changes"

That sounds like whatever program you are running restarts on getting the terminate signal from Powershell, rather than actually terminating, but I'd need to know more about the server you are running to know that for sure - as well as exactly what you are doing with powershell.

[coarse leaf]

I dont have any idea that what i am saying is how much correct, it has nothing to do with powershell, i was just asking that in lots of tuts we see that we have server running in infinite loop waiting to accept connection, and when we are done we close the program which it still seeking for someone to connect, python might be handling all these on exit or killing th program, but i thought thay anyway i can close tgat while loop before program ends

.
Currently im very new to socket peogramming, so i am just implementing what i have learned and by methid of trial and errors refining the knowledge and understanding 😅

Aah too long

Idk i should merge client and server things or not cuz i making chatt app and idl how to have connection for duel or multi person chat

[half forge]

That is a lot of code and I'm, still not sure exactly what you are doing. Might be better to put it up on github or something if you want people to be able to read the whole thing.

@short raven Not sure if this is the question or not, but if you want to have some Python code that sweeps an address range for reverse lookups, you might want something like this :-

import ipaddress
import pprint
import socket

# Nonexistant DNS servers cause timeouts.
# If I was doing this at scale, I'd want async code.
socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)

def reverse_lookup_range_v4(iprange: ipaddress.IPv4Network) -> dict[ipaddress.IPv4Address, str]:
    resp = {}
    for ipaddr in iprange:
        try:
            resp[ipaddr] = socket.gethostbyaddr(str(ipaddr))[0]
        except socket.herror:
            resp[ipaddr] = False
    return resp

def main():
    lookups = reverse_lookup_range_v4(ipaddress.IPv4Network("195.66.226.80/29"))
    pprint.pprint(lookups)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

This returns the following, which might be what you want ?

{IPv4Address('195.66.226.80'): 'lx.borwood.net',
 IPv4Address('195.66.226.81'): False,
 IPv4Address('195.66.226.82'): 'linx.vqbn.com',
 IPv4Address('195.66.226.83'): 'ge-02-tfm140-q05-bor01.tfm140.synety.net',
 IPv4Address('195.66.226.84'): False,
 IPv4Address('195.66.226.85'): False,
 IPv4Address('195.66.226.86'): 'lan.probe-edge5-thn-lon1.linx.net',
 IPv4Address('195.66.226.87'): False}

[ember ledge]

can anyone tell me what threading module is in python?

[fringe aurora]

threading is a module which lets ur program do multiple things at once, without the threading module u can imagine ur code as a single car moving from left to right, but when using threading u can imagine it as somewhat like, multiple cars moving from left to right, another example, without threading u can only have a single while loop running in ur code at a time, with threading u can have multiple while loops running at the same time

hope i did a somewhat reasonable explanation of what it is

[ember ledge]

so threading word means like doing multiple things running at once?

[fringe aurora]

yep

[ember ledge]

also

[fringe aurora]

thats what it essentially is

yea ?

[ember ledge]

when I am learning new modules should I write functions of such as SOCKET
there can be really big list of them
And some will be good for revision or reference?
Written NOTES I meant

[fringe aurora]

sorry im not so sure what u mean, im somewhat of a beginner, i just happened to know what threading is 💀

apologies

[ember ledge]

haha

its simple

should I make written notes?

[fringe aurora]

ah well

[ember ledge]

of different modules

I learn

[fringe aurora]

u can if u want, it can be useful bc sometimes u may happen to forget smth, its a lot of information so forgetting things isnt that uncommon

im also writing notes sometimes i recommend it a lot tbh , can be hella useful

[ember ledge]

was just wondering people say its not efficient but written notes look good

[fringe aurora]

i would say its not efficient if u write too many notes, bc u know u cant rlly memorize everything, so writing every single thing u learn is a sort of a waste, maybe write the things which are more complicated/hard for u to understand so u can try to understand them from reading ur notes again and again

[ember ledge]

just simple two liners will be good for me

for example

[fringe aurora]

yea that for example

[ember ledge]

socket.gethostname()

its simply has two line defination

I can write it down quick

[fringe aurora]

yeya something liek that, quick notes yk

[fringe aurora]

yea

[ember ledge]

I am not buying books for that

[fringe aurora]

xdd

nah but books can be hella useful too

especially for specific things like networking/automation shit like that, theres some specific books which are perfect imo

for learning specific things

[ember ledge]

maybe later lets see

thx and bye

[fringe aurora]

ofc, see ya

now imma write down my question

Using the SMTP library, is there any way for me to check if an email ive sent has been sent successfully, for example when using the requests library u can do things like
``import requests
x = link
response = requests.request("GET", x)
print(respnse)

Response [200]``
can i get something similar with the SMTP library ? when i send an email can i check if everything was received/sent without problems ?

thanks in advance

[fringe aurora]

@zealous flint yo ;-;

[fringe aurora]

is it a problem if i ask u for this ?

[fringe aurora]

[zealous flint]

Yes?

[fringe aurora]

umm this

any suggestions ?

apologies if its a dumb question

[zealous flint]

I haven’t worked with the smtp library before, so unfortunately no

[fringe aurora]

ah okay

no problems

[zealous flint]

Though it’s worth seeing if there are APIs to do this that way what you did with the requests library might be possible by observing the HTTP response code

[brisk plover]

hey I am making a project in which I need what ports are open on a website but it takes 3 min for me to check the ports, is there a fast to check ports in python currently I am using socket module

[jaunty wasp]

does anyone know why this payload is encoded? and how to decode? its surely not in base64

[zealous flint]

Zlib compressed packets can look like that

[pseudo bane]

.decode("utf8")

[honest magnet]

Is this community about networking with people, or web stuff

[open isle]

I think the word you're looking for is channel and not community? Community would refer to the whole server and maybe even its associated projects. Only this channel of the Python Discord server is designated for discussion on "Discussion on network protocols, technologies, hardware with relation to Python"

web stuff (HTML, CSS, JS, etc.) goes specifically in #web-development

this is more for TCP, UDP, IP packets, DHCP and that kind stuff

and no, it's not a channel for meeting and making connections with new people, you can certainly do that in the server in general, but there's no dedicated place for it since well.. I think just participating and discussing on topic stuff is good enough at forming connections

[honest magnet]

Woow I'm speechless dude, I didn't even expect this elaborate answer, I bet you are a dude who answers questions in stackoverflow and other forums. Much respect dude. It made me feel better 😊

Btw do you by any chance want to be friends or acuatence

[open isle]

I don't really answer questions on SO but I've done support work for programming communities (mostly as a maintainer of the black autoformatter) before so it comes somewhat naturally nowadays.

[honest magnet]

Dope, but if you asked me I'm starting to step in this programming world, and they suggest to learn python as the first language so I'm in. Currently on day 10 out of 100

[jaunty wasp]

Any way to decode?

And encode back again

[zealous flint]

Use the zlib

[urban stump]

Ah yes

TCP

How I do TCP

Plz assist

Jk

[jaunty wasp]

Its actually been sent to server as payload content, so copying and pasting to decode will work?

[jaunty wasp]

Sockets

[loud reef]

Hi, I'm trying to use socket library to send RAW packets with their own headers. I trying to establish a three-way handshake with it. I already have sent the SYN packet but the server doesn't respond. In Wireshark I saw that packet arrived at the server, but it still doesn't want to establish the connection. Is there someone who knows how to help me?
I was wondering if it is because I use the wrong calculation of checksum, but I'm not sure about it.

[pulsar hawk]

Inserver = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) socket.SOCK_STREAM means sending data via TCP, right?

[earnest blaze]

Yes, basically.

[coarse leaf]

The question with woth context to python socket where server is listening forever i want that it should turn on or off as per my wish, like usih tkitner button to turn it on or off

[earnest blaze]

You'll have to delegate that to a different thread or process, and figure out how to forecefully kill it, altough who knows what complications if any may arise.
A much better option is to make the server async, and simply remove the server's socket from the monitoring list when you don't want to accept any more connections. But that'll require you restructure the whole thing from the ground up.

A simple yet reliable option will be to make the server socket nonblocking, and add the required exception handeling and flag checks.

[coarse leaf]

😓 well it seems like some adjustments has to be made, i wonder how the real life examples works or they might be too complex

[meager wasp]

What python modules do I learn for networking besides sockets

[lusty storm]

Hi i'm trying to do this but everytime i receive

[raven wing]

Hi @fringe aurora , i hope to explain you correctly and please anyone correct me if i wrong. SMTP is a protocol for sending email to a mail transfer agent (MTA), that could be your local email server, o a 3rd party service like Sendgrid i.e. So the only result you can get is that the next MTA received the email you sent, but if it reaches the destination or not should be checked on email server

[fringe aurora]

thanks for the reponse!

im not quite sure what to make of this message tbh, somewhat confused

i understand what u are saying, hope theres a way to see if the email was sent correctly or not

if it threw an error each time the email couldnt be sent i could Just use try, except but as far as im concerned it doesnt throw any error

so im left guessing if the email was sent or not

i need to check if it was sent by going on Gmail.com and actually checking there

[royal flame]

I'm assuming you mean you have some sort of a home network and you want to expose your service listening on a port inside that network to the internet. In that case, the only IP address exposed to the internet is going to be your router. In order to get traffic to a service running on your computer inside the network, you need to configure port forwarding. Lots of routers have this available from their admin interface. So, you would configure say, port 8080 on your router to forward traffic to port 8080 to your internal network IP of your computer (say like 192.168.1.xxx). So out on the internet, a client would just connect to your router's IP at that port and all traffic would go to your computer.

[fringe aurora]

still thanks tho

hope i get a response

[coarse leaf]

I think i got the sol6 not very much direct but still useful
socket.settimeout() fn it raises error after the given amount of time inside that servee.accept() of no connection connected

.
The nect question my mind raised that is this oky for program to do try excpet thingy inside an infinite loop?

[earnest blaze]

Why would it not be?

[storm saffron]

it is but bear in mind it may lead to design patterns that are prone to just getting stuck if things break

e.g. say you try to perform an operation inside a try block and it's erroring in a way that will never fix, if you just except and handle the error every time it will keep going forever

[coarse leaf]

Dont have any answers to that but seems like i alaso dont have other choice

[pulsar hawk]

Let's say I have a server that receives data from clients in a separate thread. I want to send data from server to all clients at the same time, do I have to create another thread or it's not necessary?

[coarse leaf]

What ucan do is to store connection s and then use a for loop to send to all clients

[pulsar hawk]

What if I use another thread to send data to the specified address, every time the server has to send something, is it better or not?

[rapid python]

i had no clue where to put this

so whenever i make a google account i need a required id

i disabled cookies and also checked through the html and... idk it's nowhere to be found

i guess it's server side? here's some screenshots to help visualize

https://gyazo.com/c2d8b837cbb2491afaed66d45fa5a5fd

everytime a digit is appended to the front whenevr u run a request to googles api

anyone know how to find this number, or at least what it is so I can do more research because i can't find anything lmao

[earnest blaze]

You can't really send to all of them at the literally the exact same time, you're at the whim of your platform's kernel, and all the underlying OSI layers.

But it should never be a problem

[unreal sundial]

Anyone have example code for Nat punch through for p2p that works? I can only find an MIT whitepaper and non-working examples on github

[coarse leaf]

Idk but if i were u i try to ise threads less

Untill there isnt any other option

[azure crypt]

If AWS load balancer have 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable, can I redirect it to 3rd party url like github pages?

[ember ledge]

is the 503 coming from the load balancer itself

or the server it protects ?

[azure crypt]

The server it protects

[merry pollen]

Anyone interested in developing an advanced Restaurant POS using Tkinter?

[atomic belfry]

Hi, does anyone fancy helping me make the backend of this website https://www.subnet-calculator.com/subnet.php?net_class=A

Networking knowledge will be very beneficial. Would rather work on something in a duo // team rather than alone. Once we have backend setup we can make frontend if that is something someone is interested in (Either tkinter or Flask)

DM me if you are interested. I have some of the basics setup already.

OOP knowledge is required.

[pulsar hawk]

I was thinking that using sockets required also using threads

[coarse leaf]

Aah if u lnow what th reason behind usong threads then u will understand the reason to ise thread

[ember ledge]

which type of load balancer do you use

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/developerguide/load-balancer-types.html

[azure crypt]

Points to a ec2, so application?

[silver field]

What is socket programming?

[slow gust]

Hi guys.
I'd like to translate text in different languages, but want to keep the network traffic anonymous/ offline. Any ideas how to do that? For example push that trough tor etc.?

[earnest blaze]

The act of using sockets in your program.

[final jackal]

Anybody an iptables wiz here? I have an application where I need all outgoing traffic on a certain port to be routed to a different NIC

[pulsar hawk]

"A socket is a communications connection point (endpoint) that you can name and address in a network. Socket programming shows how to use socket APIs to establish communication links between remote and local processes." - Google

[pulsar hawk]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7CpfL1p6y0

[coarse leaf]

Are those losten and accept are connected in some way woth each other?

Can i close that listen cmd
If yes then will that affect accept method?

[boreal canopy]

does anyone have a list of us based proxies

[copper smelt]

What's a good project for Python networking?

[plain trellis]

Where I can find python for network security community?

[echo wing]

Where can I learn everything i need about the networking. I know some because i keep testing but still don't understand

[kindred flame]

It depends on what kind of networking you want to learn, if you want to learn general networking, cisco netacad is a good place to start. If you wish to learn python networking, start looking into libraries such as sockets

[echo wing]

Thank you,
Does IoT falls under Networking ?
I will take a look in both of them!!

[frosty knoll]

In my opinion it depends on how you want to set your network up but IoT mostly comes with some kind of networking that you have to do, right?

[subtle escarp]

Couldn't you use an offline python module? Then there is no traffic?

[slow gust]

any ideas which I could use?

[subtle escarp]

I saw one on GitHub a min ago lemme find it quick

https://github.com/LibreTranslate/LibreTranslate

Here

I haven't personally used it yet, but I've got a good feeling it's pretty good considering its got 2k stars and its own GitHub account.

[slow gust]

thx :pepusclapo:

[trim matrix]

Hi guys, someone already installed owncloud in NAS Synology here ?

[errant bay]

Hey @ember ledge!

It looks like you tried to attach a Python file - please use a code-pasting service such as https://paste.pythondiscord.com

[ember ledge]

import math
import time
import turtle
#variables
name = input("whats your name")
age = int(input("whats your age"))
height = float(input("whats your height"))
weight = float(input("whats your weight"))
birthday = input("when is your birthday")

print("processing data...")
time.sleep(5)
print("Welcome"+name)
print("Your "+str(age)+" years old")
print("your "+str(height)+"ft")
print("your "+str(weight)+"lbs")
print("your birthday is on"+str(birthday))
#if statements
if age <= 18:
print("Note: your young")

elif age >= 18:
print("Note: your a adult")

if height <= 5.6:
print("Note: your short")

elif height >= 5.6:
print("Note: you are built for basketball")

if weight > 130:
print("Note: your god")

elif weight < 130:
print("Note: your a baby")

first project

[chilly laurel]

hey

i think my ISP blocking me from connecting to a proxy

dose someone have a solution

[subtle escarp]

You're*

[chilly laurel]

funny

[radiant vortex]

Hi, i'm getting errors with Netmiko

the first one is
socket.timeout

and the second one is
netmiko.ssh_exception.NetmikoTimeoutException: Timed-out reading channel, data not available.

Could anyone please help me understand what they mean and how I can avoid them?

[ember ledge]

is this for a cisco switch? if so do you normally type in the enable password

[radiant vortex]

I found out what’s causing the issue

But I have no way to fix it

So the command I was sending, was “interface range” and then it would use a list of all the ports

[pale cradle]

hi guys

[radiant vortex]

But, my switch has 1 x FastEthernet and 28 x GigabitEthernet

So because they are different types, the switch gives an error straight away

The only other option I saw was to go through the list and send 28 commands “int g1/0/1” “shutdown”

[ember ledge]

why not int range gi1/0/1-28

that should skip the Fa port

[radiant vortex]

The names of all the ports are obtained through the switch/router, I wouldn’t know what they are before hand

My program is Graphical user interface for Cisco IOS

So it has to be dynamic

[ember ledge]

if you can save the results to a csv file and then you can then use that file to select ports that have a Gi on the interface name. there’s a module called TextFSM that can store results of show commands in a yaml format. you can save this result and then load it and select only interfaces with Gi in the name

[radiant vortex]

Oh yeah I use text fsm

[ember ledge]

that’s what i’m thinking, i have not had the chance to use it other than youtube guides and blogs

[radiant vortex]

Thanks for the suggestion, but if the device connected to only had FastEhternet interfaces it wouldn’t work 😦

This part all has to be automatic too 😦

[ember ledge]

well what i was thinking is a CSV file with the switch/router name or ip in one column. then the interface in the next column. then it’s possible to load the values and if the value matches Gi then use the int Gi command. if it has Fa then use the int Fa command.

i do something similar with a CSV with pandas. though it is for Meraki devices. if my meraki device name on the CSV file has AP in it. then i loop through all the rows with AP and configure them as i have to. if the name has SW for switch then that has its own set of commands

i haven’t tried something like this with netmiko so i’ll try it out on my spare time

[radiant vortex]

Ah I see

Thanks for the suggestion

[opaque garnet]

123

[ember ledge]

hello guys, i want to learn some networking stuff, i only find the socket module too hard.... is there another easier module with about the same possibilities???

[whole prawn]

You could always try aiohttp or requests to mess with rest apis

[long cave]

yeah

[rustic crane]

greetings, any idea how to find my router config website on Windows? when I type IP of default gateway, router config website does not show and address is not recognized. I tried nslookup by IP but didnt work (yes it works for domain name).
So how can I check domain name of 192.168.1.1 for example?

please ping / reply once someone got some clue, thank you

[left jackal]

i have a list of url to test if they are 404

how can i do that

just checking the response, but not fetching any resources of the webpage

[ember ledge]

I think you can do it with cURL

[ember ledge]

https://superuser.com/questions/854101/whats-the-exit-code-for-curl-i-when-not-http-200

[left jackal]

thank you

[cunning tartan]

How do i send a string over a socket?

i already have a connection using socket.connect_ex() (and socket.bind() on my server) and it first does a speedtest and then it tries to send a string with socket.send(stuff.encode()) but then when i do py data2 = conn.recv(1024).decode() print(data2)
it just returns a blank line for some reason?

'stuff' is just literally a string

[cunning tartan]

okay after a little 'investigation' it seems like the bytes are not being sent at all for some reason?

i have no idea why

[cunning tartan]

for some reason it sticks it to the end of the previous send message even though it is in its own parameter, is there a way to tell the server to end the message and start the next one?

all google tells me is how to handle multiple clients 🙃

[cunning tartan]

fixed the previous issue, it was stuck in a loop untill data ran out. Now the problem is that i have to break out the loop in another way than just py if not data: break
but i tried just doingpy #Client: s.send(b'e') #Server if data == b'e': breakBut if i do this e != e according to how the code runs? I tried decoding it before checking it as well but that also doesnt work

[wind oriole]

Is it uncommon to get "too many open files" errors when using aiohttp on linux? Would this vary by distro? I'm reading it's related to the number of available file descriptors, but I don't know what that # would have to be to support 100 semaphores

I ask about distro because I never had this issue on ubuntu but just got buried in errors in Debian

[cunning tartan]

does socket.send combine packets or something? Because for some reason when i do multiple sends it arrives as one

[earnest blaze]

Basically yes, Nagle's algorithm is a contributing factor, however even if you disable that the issue won't really be gone.
While yes Nagle's algorithm does buffer outgoing data if the last batch wasn't acked yet,
the problem is that you're reading an arbitrary amount of data with each recv call.
I can't stress enough how bad of an idea that is.
You can easily end up reading more than you actually want to, and you still have to deal with premature returns.
You can send a million bytes indivisually, then read them all at once.
There is no notion of packets on the level of the program TCP is serving (No ,tcp segments is another story)
Eitherway you can't guarantee when the data arrives and how fast your os and the actual recipient program will react to and handle it,
there are a lot of tiny factors you can't really control.
You're simply not supposed to use sockets like that without any real application protocol to circumvent these issues.
Anyway to fix the issue you can use headers of your own or go down the more painful path of termination characters and even more buffering.
With that said, I highly recommend these, for they will demistify the magical aspects.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7CpfL1p6y0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kCuyS7ihr_E
https://beej.us/guide/bgnet/
And if you're intrested in what the hell it is that TCP is actually doing, you can't go wrong with the wikipedia page.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol

[keen ibex]

can i make a proxy server with python?

[normal gazelle]

So I'm making a tcp chat server and im in the design phase at the moment for the protocol Im going to use. I want the server to only accept 1024 bytes and check message length, but the 1 issue Im having is packet fragmentation. Im not really sure how to handle this and what protocol to use to prevent errors from 3rd party streams etc

Im using asyncio so i cant just see if the the message is still sending aswell since Im awaiting on it. Im not sure what to do at this point as Ive tried many things

[normal gazelle]

yes

[modest barn]

Can someone help me with try except please? I am trying to catch a TCP connection error using except ConnectionRefusedError: my understand is this way I can display custom message to the user, but instead I am getting a track back :

        except ConnectionRefusedError:
            print(f"\n{Fore.YELLOW}CODE HERE\n")
            continue

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\cischology\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\netmiko\base_conn
ection.py", line 1021, in establish_connection
    self.remote_conn_pre.connect(**ssh_connect_params)```

[final meteor]

Whats the difference between an ethernet address and an ip address?

[ember ledge]

Does anyone know of a good way to check the traffic of one single python script?

[ember ledge]

Ethernet is local, IP can be local or the internet, assigned by your ISP or router.

[final meteor]

Wdym by local?

[ember ledge]

Your local network. Like your WiFi network

[final meteor]

Is it like a Mac address?

[ember ledge]

No MAC is assigned by the manufacturer of the hardware but ethernet does send data using the MAC address

[final meteor]

So if ethernet uses MAC addresses to send data whats the point of ethernet addresses?

[ember ledge]

MAC addresses are something entirely different than ethernet addresses.

[final meteor]

What layer of the internet uses ethernet addresses?

[errant bay]

Hey @ember ledge!

It looks like you tried to attach file type(s) that we do not allow (.pdf). We currently allow the following file types: .gif, .jpg, .jpeg, .mov, .mp4, .mpg, .png, .mp3, .wav, .ogg, .webm, .webp, .flac, .m4a, .csv, .json.

Feel free to ask in #community-meta if you think this is a mistake.

[ember ledge]

Here read this: https://ufile.io/f/g2csw

Two good books for you

[final meteor]

Thanks!

[soft silo]

you probably want a try except block that covers all the code

or maybe override the sys.excepthook (don't, do that as your last resort)

/shrug

[modest barn]

Can you please elaborate more?

[winged rune]

who use sockets?

[modest barn]

Netmiko does 😀

[lament sundial]

I have a specific question that has to do with php SQL Server and python

Im want to setup a sql server in an enterprise server and not have to pay a service to do so. Do i need a service to send sql data through php to that server or do I not need to? And in addition to having the sql, im going to install the sql python connector. Would I need to use sockets to connect to the sql server or no?

[ember ledge]

I think u can do it with a raspberry pi

If it’s a small project

[lament sundial]

Technically it's a small project but I have access to an enterprise server and want it to start growing

It's a school project

I just want to send data through ip address using php and don't know if I need a service to do so or if I don't

[ember ledge]

U don’t just to use php

[lament sundial]

Im sending data through html forms to the ip address for the sql server

[ember ledge]

Tbh I don’t rly know but I do know u don’t need to pay for php on ur own server

[night helm]

can someone help me with socket programing. Im making this chatroom and im trying to get the clients to communicate using defined functions instead of input

[limber sparrow]

hi, can anyone suggest me an library for audio transmitting over network other then portaudio based?

[earnest blaze]

You say that as if input isn't a defined function, what do you mean?

[night helm]

what i meant by that is, the clients dont take input to communicate over the socket but instead they call a fuction to generate a suggestion and response

[night helm]

no input from the commandline, i run a client by providing three parameteres. IP, port and name . Dending on the name, for example if it is a host it suggest an activity and if it is a participant with a name then it would respond to the suggested activity

[little crest]

Hi, I wanted to know how I can build a tool to download incoming video and audio streams using as few libraries as possible

[finite berry]

is there any apis for tts

[tribal pewter]

Is there a command like
journalctl | grep -Ei 'dhcp'
But to see ipv6 dhcp leases?

[opaque gulch]

Using a for loop to list through a list of data to Post to a website using s = session.requests(), but I've noticed that it seems to cache the data and somehow keeps sending the same exact data instead of the next one in the list. What can I do

[upbeat spire]

Hello everyone!

Can someone help me figure out how to a simple pay calculation

[median prism]

Can I see raw data packets through my OpenVPN

If so, how can I disable that

raw as in decrypted

[merry abyss]

You could try using a packet sniffer on your end, such as wireshark.

https://www.wireshark.org/

[ember ledge]

What’s the best way to mitigate a ddos attack on a 1gps home network? And I’m saying small ddos attack around 10gbps. Like what would I need to install/setup to prevent issues like these?

[unreal wren]

why would you be getting DDoSed

[ember ledge]

can someone help me im doing an auto update bootstrapper for my application, but how could i handle this if the files name are changed and but it will still find the files and replaces them?

(idk where to ask this question lol)

[ember ledge]

What if you just override the s variable with a new fresh session

[opaque gulch]

That's what I do, the for loop starts with s = requests.Session()

[ember ledge]

if it still caches data, try a post request without a session

just requests.post

[opaque gulch]

ah could idea, I'll try that.

[wary kayak]

i'm trying to make a socket server work with also the webserver, i have the socket server on another thread, but when i try to push it to heroku doesn't seem to work as i expected

[ember ledge]

just curious but i figured out. You cant mitigate a DDOS attack at home, you basically need to have alot of bandwidth to withstand a DDOS attack

[frozen drum]

you mitigate it by never leaking your home ip to others, you can use something like cloudflare to proxy everything through their servers

[sturdy yacht]

We're making a chat app that works using http requests and mongodb (Server and Client)

Anyone would like to help

[ember ledge]

guys i wanna change my ip address every minute in opera gx, we can do it in Tor browser but can someone guide me step by step, i'd be reallly happy and it would make my day, please

[inland sapphire]

do you have a repo I could look at?

[sturdy yacht]

https://github.com/osam7a/Chat-App-Project

[sturdy yacht]

would you like to help?

[sturdy yacht]

any good hosts for FastAPI webservers?

[meager wasp]

Guys

I Wana ask something

Python modules like scapu

What do I do to understand completely how they work

And how theyre coded

Where do I see the code?

[final meteor]

How does the third and second layer of the internet interact?

[clever basin]

could anything other than ufw be blocking connections? ( canocal ubuntu)

[wind oriole]

What would make a linux VPS start burying me in "Too many open files" errors after about 1000 requests with aiohttp when I'm not actually writing the responses to disk?

Would this be different on Debian vs. Ubuntu for any reason?

I worked very hard on this script and now it suddenly started erroring out

[hushed cave]

Hey everyone my name is Tony! I am a sophomore in college and am currently working on a social media/ NFT app. I am looking for potential programmers who might be interested in joining this project. This is a very ambitious project! DM me if you are interested.

[ember ledge]

Code:

@app.post("/register", dependencies=[Depends(_check_admin)])
@limiter.limit("5/minute")
async def register_user(
    request: Request, username: str, password: str, license_key: str
) -> dict:
    """
    [Admin]: Register a user with a license key.
    """

    # Find Profile
    exists = await user_db.find_one({"username": username})

    # Return Error if Exists
    if exists:
        return {"status": encrypt.text("This username already exists.")}

    # Check License
    license_key = license_key.upper()
    license_exists = await license_db.find_one({"license": license_key})

    # Return Error if License Invalid
    if not license_exists:
        return {"status": encrypt.text("Invalid license.")}

    # Proceed if all checkpoints are valid
    await license_db.delete_one({"license": license_key})
    await user_db.insert_one(
        {
            "username": username,
            "password": password,
            "hardware_id": None,
            "hwid_resets": 0,
            "note": None,
            "datecreated": date.today().strftime("%m/%d/%Y"),
        }
    )

    return {"status": encrypt.success()}```

Error:

    response = await func(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
  File "/home/ubuntu/ascend-api/main.py", line 284, in register_user
    exists = await user_db.find_one({"username": username})
RuntimeError: Task <Task pending name='starlette.middleware.base.BaseHTTPMiddleware.__call__.<locals>.call_next.<locals>.coro' coro=<BaseHTTPMiddleware.__call__.<locals>.call_next.<locals>.coro() running at /home/ubuntu/ascend-api/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/middleware/base.py:34> cb=[TaskGroup._spawn.<locals>.task_done() at /home/ubuntu/ascend-api/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py:629]> got Future <Future pending cb=[_chain_future.<locals>._call_check_cancel() at /usr/lib/python3.8/asyncio/futures.py:360]> attached to a different loop```

Any idea as to what could be causing this?

[ember ledge]

😭

[radiant vortex]

Hi guys

I have a very bad issue with my program ( I created it into an exe, that's when I got issues)

I am using Netmiko & TextFSM

I tried importing ntc-templates but it didn't help

**How do I set the environ variable and what do I set it to? Could someone please help me? **

any help is greatly appreciated

[radiant vortex]

Update: I think it fixed it... I sent an evrion variable and the new exe I made works fine 🙂

[brittle loom]

#help-cherries <-- little bit of networking troubleshooting

[grizzled rain]

hi

can i add python bot to my website??

[ember ledge]

u should be able to do that

[sage otter]

Hello there 🙂
Not sure this is the perfect place for that, but I need a little help on a request problem from a django app to fitbit API --> #help-rice

[kind trellis]

Hi, I'm a student looking for a Software Developer internship. I have experience in MERN, Flask and a bit of ML and automation with python. I'm looking for an internship in a product based company. My colleagues and friends are based in a service based company so I'm looking to cold email for referrals. I need some guidance to find people that are based in those companies and Is there a way to write eye catching emails including the subject that I can send to them?

[dreamy crescent]

Hello
I'm looking for help with getting free proxies with python api wrappers

Reply if you can help

Disclaimer: this is not for fishy purposes this is just because I am building a website and I want to test traffic management and how I can filter out bots using ML

[river cedar]

do routers act as a wireless acsess point for devices?

[ember ledge]

eehhh if u dont plug in some ethernet wire in it

[river cedar]

ah okay

[crystal current]

A home router is normally also a wifi access point. On a business network the two are normally seperate

[ebon reef]

Can anyone suggest some books for networking

[crystal current]

It really depends on your goal... if you're starting from zero and just want a survey of practical concepts, any study guide for the CompTIA Network+ exam could be worth reading

[river cedar]

ohh ok thanks

[crystal current]

The one by Mike Myers is pretty good

[ebon reef]

Oh ok

[viral finch]

Hello, I wrote a snake game in python and I want to move it to the web with html, how can I do it?

[meager wasp]

You can either go with Django or flask

Python frameworks

Oh

Nvm

I read it wrong

[full junco]

Hi

does any body now mechanize libary

I want to learn it

[cold charm]

I want to host a simple flask api from my pc for short term. Tried to port forward and quickly realised that I am behind a NAT connection! So then I got to know about uPnP and was trying it out to expose my api through that but it doesn't seem to be working. I am on windows 10 and using UPnP Wizard to set-up port mapping. Have any knowledge about this then please help 😄

I am trying to connect to my api by requesting http://my_pub_ip(found on google search):port/

[errant bay]

Hey @inner latch!

It looks like you tried to attach a Python file - please use a code-pasting service such as https://paste.pythondiscord.com

[inner latch]

anyone want to help me with a project I'm working on for my 10th grade computer science class? its not too hard I just don't quite understand it yet. dm for .py file

[woven nebula]

ok

[dark ravine]

Hello, Guys Good day..
This is Kirankumar from India. Having 6+ years exp. in Networking.
I have started learning Python recently.. I wanted to know the Python for networking and python for data science or developers is different..
appreciate anyones guidance
Thank You in advance

[ember ledge]

Google dorking is your friend

[dreamy crescent]

Isnt that a crawler thing

[ember ledge]

It’s a way to find things easier

Suppose i wanted to find HTTP(s) proxies without spending hours of research I can just make a google dork like the following:
“Proxy” “8080”

[ionic zinc]

please help me, how do I forward port 10010 from the locale to the global Internet?

[ember ledge]

Router Settings

[ionic zinc]

?

Can't I do it here?

[ember ledge]

Where?

[ionic zinc]

cmd

on a VPS?

[ember ledge]

Ask your VPS provider or possibly use a vpn with port forwarding capabilities

[dreamy crescent]

Oh yeah i didnt think of that
Thanks a lot

[cold charm]

anyone?

[ember ledge]

@cold charm ngrok?

[cold charm]

I know about it, but i wanna learn and make UPnP work

[lean saddle]

hello

[low hamlet]

thank you

[humble granite]

hey guys! I'm trying to solve a CTF problem that requires me to send server ('localhost', 10000) GET_KEY to retrieve key and then to reverse the key and send it back to server to get a flag

Here is my code

import socket
def reverse(string):
  return string[::-1]


client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
client_socket.connect(('localhost', 10000))
client_socket.send('GET_KEY'.encode())
data = client_socket.recv(1024)
send = reverse(data)

client_socket.send(send)

but im not getting the flag, so my code is wrong somehow. Does anyone have a clue why?

[real agate]

can you connect a router to a router, without access to a router?

example: i’m going to a hotel which provides internet (via wifi), it doesn’t provide ethernet sockets

i want to take my own router and connect it to the hotel wifi, so that i can setup my smart home products like philips hue, etc

[tough umbra]

Guys on cidr/17 do we got here only 1 subnets? as all the ip addresses begin with the same 17 bits.

[ember ledge]

what is better? sockets or websockets?

[frozen drum]

they are different things :) websockets use sockets, they are based on http

[shrewd plume]

Code:

[fast ore]

i work for a financial org in the network security team but we have certain apps locked down, i can't install c++ build tools, but I want to use pytricia to ingest all our firewall/router routing tables, but i can't, is there a pure python version of pytricia?

[frosty jetty]

hi'

i am new '

somebody sent me a link of this server he told me you can learn coding is it true

[ember ledge]

hello new, im aeternus 😺

[ember ledge]

yes

atleast, we can help u with ur problems

programming problems ofc

[molten geode]

Hey,
As I found, many requests could be done by proxy, have you any experience ? Is this generally considered a safe ?

I mean for scraping eg.

[lean saddle]

hi

I have a problem in my app

[unreal wren]

Wow

[vale reef]

hi guys
i am trying to join discord servers from invite using discord tokens
it was working yesterday but now I can't access my main accounts since discord thought it was suspicious
and on this new account it's not working anymore
any fixes?

import string
import requests

def join(token, server_invite):
header = {"authorization": token}
r = requests.post("https://discord.com/api/v8/invites/{}".format(server_invite), headers=header)

discord token list

with open("discordTokens.txt", "r") as tf:
tokenIDs = tf.read().splitlines()

words = input("Invite: ")
words = words.translate(str.maketrans(string.punctuation, ' ' * len(string.punctuation))).replace(' ' * 4, ' ').replace(' ' * 3, ' ').replace(' ' * 2, ' ').strip().split()

print(words)

for word in list(words):
if 6 <= len(word) <= 8:
for i in range(len(tokenIDs)):
join(tokenIDs[i], word)
print("Attempting to join", word, "with discord token #", i + 1)

how do i join a discord server with python requests without discord blocking me / asking for captcha (even though I have a verified number + email +2fa set up)? thanks

[dusk talon]

x

[ember ledge]

add .decode() to data, reverse(data.decode())

@humble granite then you might need to receive the response again ||| print(client_socket.recv(1024).decode())

[arctic hollow]

How would i make a server for a multiplayer video game using sockets? I have already tried this and i keep having a problem where the client decides to stop sending data to the server

[visual juniper]

hi

[humble granite]

that worked! Thank you

[ember ledge]

Np

[wise jungle]

pretty sure u need to decode then reverse then encode

[unborn thunder]

hello! 🌻

[storm osprey]

Hello,
s.sendall(b"" + mainList[1] + '/' + mainList[2])
How to better write it?

[valid schooner]

ngrok.io

[dry geyser]

f"{mainList[1]}/{mainList[2]}".encode()```

or if those are already strings py "/".join(mainList).encode()

[ember ledge]

So basically

I'm trying to host a websocket database on linux

using python

but every time i try to connect

it

shows timeout error

[random knoll]

Are the database server and python application running on the same network segment ?

[random knoll]

You need to handle deconnection, on the client side. One way it can be done, between others is using a heartbeat signal.

[ember ledge]

Hi all, happy to have found this d-server. Since I am really stuck on a new school project I am working on. I am pretty new to programming, started my journey with Java 2020, and now since 2021 I code mainly with Python. Anyway, I am not sure if this is the correct channel for my question, but here goes...

I am trying to write a http/https proxy server to filter my web browsing. I have tried to find a good tutorial on Google and Youtube, do you guys have any experience with coding proxy servers and can help me or do you know any good way for me to start?

[hollow sphinx]

hey, does anyone here know if its possible to connect to a server on multiple ports on a pc ?

like can i have 3 different programs all connected to a server on port 443 for example

[errant bay]

Hey @ember ledge!

You either uploaded a .txt file or entered a message that was too long. Please use our paste bin instead.

[ember ledge]

https://paste.pythondiscord.com/ilakavexep

Can someone look and maybe tell how to implement HTTPS? this code works on HTTP

[cloud spruce]

No, you can only bind one process to one port at a time, unless you bind them to different addresses or one to * (asterisk/wildcard/all/any, sometimes denoted as 0.0.0.0), but if there is a binding for the specific address that is receiving the traffic it will have precedence and the wildcard binding will never get those packets.
If you want to do something like that you need a server process that can act as a reverse proxy and route (or rather proxy or forward) the traffic to the right destination or other process in some way according to rules that you give it.

[cloud spruce]

I haven't looked at your code yet, but I can tell you right of the bat that you will have trouble deciphering the https traffic to different degrees depending on your ultimate goal with this project is and how you want to filter (on what type of conditions you want to filter on) and if you want the proxy to be transparent or not.

[frozen drum]

transparent HTTP proxies don't work for TLS/HTTPS - so you have to be content with proxying in the clear or not creating a transparent proxy (or proxy at the TCP layer)

[ember ledge]

Do you think this piece of code could be "implemented"?

import SimpleHTTPSServer
import urllib
PORT = 9012
class JustAProxy(SimpleHTTPSServer.SimpleWebSocketServer):
   def do_GET(self):
      url=self.path[1:]
      self.send_response(200)
      self.end_headers()
      self.copyfile(urllib.urlopen(url), self.wfile)
httpd = SimpleWebSocketServer.SimpleWebSocketServer('localhost',PORT,JustAProxy)
print ("Proxy Srever at" , str(PORT))
httpd.serveforever()```

[cloud spruce]

@ember ledge what is your ultimate end goal here, is it to learning how proxies work or for doing the filtering you first mentioned?
i'm asking since there are lots of software that can already do sort of what you are asking for depending on the situation and exact requirements you have

[ember ledge]

My first intention was to create a app to block websites through redirect in etc/hosts. But my teacher thought that was to easy so I needed to create a proxy server for http and https filtering through proxy. Then is the goal to block and unblock websites through proxy

[cloud spruce]

aha, so it's kind of an assignment
and it doesn't need to be a transparent proxy?

[ember ledge]

no exactly, just need to be able to browse http and https and block websites. This is just what I found online searching for info

[cloud spruce]

if it's just a http/https proxy that is configured in the browser, the browser will use the "connect" method when trying to connect to https web sites
you will not be able to see or filter the content (as it's encrypted), but you will get the hostname and port that the browser is trying to connect to and you can filter on that then then allow or deny the request based on that

@ember ledge instead of just handling normal http "get", "push" and friends, your proxy also need to handle the "connect" method for the https requests

[marble lance]

Hello. I am trying my first time to edit a twitter spider script. There is a hidden.py that gives the user types his keys there. I need to input consumer_key, consumer_secret, token_key and token_secret but in twitter developer webpage i can just find 3

[cloud spruce]

@ember ledge the relevant RFC standard documentation: https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc7231.html#CONNECT

[marble lance]

Do I have enough information to complete this dictionary? Thank you

[ember ledge]

Thank you so much! That is great, now I have a lot more to go on and perhaps be able to get this done

[small meadow]

Not sure if this is the right channel but if it isn't please feel free to redirect me.

I'm trying to use the aiocometd module to subscribe to a cometd websocket. But I'm getting frequent connection drops with 402::session_unknown.

I suspect it's not sending the connect packet in time but I can't seem to find the segment of the code that allows me to send the connect packet ~3 seconds earlier. Would appreciate another set of eyes.

https://github.com/robertmrk/aiocometd

[cloud spruce]

@ember ledge i had not looked at your code until now
a few things stand out to me

max_conn doesn't have to be that large (especially if you implement the next change i'm suggesting below) as it's just the connection queue for connections on the listening socket that has not been handled with .accept() yet

you probably want to move your first call of conn.recv() from the main() function as it executes in the main thread and it's a blocking io call, if you instead move that code into conn_string you don't need to pass it data and you'll also do the blocking io call to conn.recv() in the separate thread that is serving that connection, so that the main loop can concentrate on just accepting new connections and firing off new threads for the new connections

listen_port and max_conn doesn't have to be global and buffer_size probably shouldn't need to be as it can either be defined in your conn_string function or be passed in to it as an argument (maybe even with a default value so that it doesn't have to be passed in unless you want something else than the default) and then again to the proxy_server function in a similar manner

you could also read the port number that the server listen to using argparse and have a default value for that as well instead of interactively prompting the user for the port number when starting the proxy

i have only dissected your main() function you posted on that url, haven't really looked too closely at the logic in the other two functions

[cloud spruce]

@ember ledge as you are probably using Python 3.6 or newer (or you really should be as anything prior to 3.7 is out of support and is not being patched for security vulnerabilities anymore) you could use formatted string literals https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/inputoutput.html#formatted-string-literals also called f-strings https://docs.python.org/3/reference/lexical_analysis.html#f-strings in your code to make it even easier to read

[trim moth]

you could try looking into ssl/tsl

also @cloud spruce's changes make sense, use that

[ember ledge]

Wow, that is some Great inputs, I will try what you suggest first thing. I'll let you know how it goes! As I will probably mess things up and come back looking for answers😅

Thanks for your suggestion! @trim moth

[cloud spruce]

@ember ledge your url/uri handling in conn_string could be improved and more robust by using urllib.parse https://docs.python.org/3/library/urllib.parse.html as well as the code would become shorter and easier to read

you also need to transform the data that you send() to the web server in proxy_server as the request from the browser to a proxy has the full url while a web server only expects the full path, without the protocol (http/https part), hostname and the optional port, just the first / and everything after it

there is really a lot to take in to consideration when implementing a http proxy, probably more than you want to take on, but even implementing a basic one that is not even near standards compliant is still a great learning experience
implementing the "connect" http method support for proxying TLS/SSL is really simple in comparison to proxying the rest of the http protocol that is not encrypted

if you are sill keen on implementing a http proxy your self, instead of just installing one (privoxy, tinyproxy, squid proxy, burp suite community edition or charles proxy to just name a few) and configuring it to do the filtering for you, you can check out https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol and the list of rfc standards, out of which i would recommend the now obsoleted RFC 2616 https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2616 which stood the test of time for about 15 years (between 1999 and 2014) as a starting point and where the most relevant bits are contained in a single document and current browsers will still be compatible with it

[neat wyvern]

can anyone help with beautifulsoup in #help-cookie

or is this #web-development

something for them

nevermind im all good

[vagrant grove]

Is there an easier way to restart app server process on python without having to do a

sudo lsof -i :<port> and kill -9 <pid> every time?

i'm using django

[fast ore]

hey all, looking for a pure python version of pytricia, has anyone looked into this?

[ember ledge]

Aaah alright, so perhaps just change that to urllib.parse and then the protocol for the data beeing sent? It is truely a Great (a bit hard) learning experience for me. It is very new for me, I have worked mostly with APIs and databases. Thanks, will check the links as well!

[fossil lodge]

OSError: [WinError 10048] Only one usage of each socket address (protocol/network address/port) is normally permitted

Does "normally permitted" mean I can allow more sockets to be used? I couldn't find anything about it online

[ember ledge]

it means a socket is already running on that port on that specific address

[cloud spruce]

are you trying to bind to a port and wait for inbound connections or are you doing outbound connections but specifying a specific source port?

[frosty dome]

Hey everyone, I am Rohan. I want to enhance my data analysis skills. Have knowledge of SQL, Excel, Tableau, Power BI and basics of python.
I am a 4th year undergrad, will be starting with python.
Anyone who is on the same level and want to move further in the field of data analysis and consulting, dm me.

[fossil lodge]

trying to monitor UDP traffic of a process

[cloud spruce]

aha, then the answer is no, you can't do it that way
you need to sniff the packets, that you can do using standard python libraries but it's easier with something like scapy

[fossil lodge]

I found out u can see some traffic if you set packet type to RAW but I have to parse the packets my self

[cloud spruce]

yes, that is what it does when you sniff the patckets, you need the raw socket for that and the privileges on the machine to do so
and yes, that is the way to do it using only python standard libraries, then you also have to parse the packets your self
using scapy or any other such library will abstract much of that away for you and do the heavy lifting when it comes to parsing

there are other ways to sniff the traffic like using a driver or firewalling in the OS to send copies of the packets to another process or even using another device between the two computers that is talking to each other, but that is probably beyond the scope of this

[fossil lodge]

low level stuff always interesting 😜

[cloud spruce]

haha, i totally agree, but it's not for everyone, it all depends on what your end goal is and what restrictions are imposed upon the work that you are doing

and also about where you are on the scale between doing the project to learn or if you just need to get a task done

[ember ledge]

what kind of machine can intercept internet traffic?

[cedar forum]

in what context

any router

[ember ledge]

I mean are eletromagnetic waves going through air

router have the exact specifications to do that

[cedar forum]

any device on a wifi network can intercept communications

open wifi network more so

any device along the path to the destination can also intercept

of course, HTTPS and encryption makes this harder

[ember ledge]

not at eletromagnetic waves level

[cedar forum]

uh

i'm not following what you are saying

[ember ledge]

no. im wrong

[cedar forum]

anything that can intercept 2.4GHz radio can intercept wifi, it needs a bit more than that to be able to do anything useful with it

like decoding 802.11

[ember ledge]

ohhh that's right

the way the hardware is built to avoid this should be interesting

[cloud spruce]

@cedar forum has already mentioned routers, but there is a lot of other network equipment that the traffic may pass such as switches, firewalls and load balancers just to name a few, and then there is all the purpose built equipment like ethernet taps (for "copper" cabels) and optical spliters (for fiber cables) and packet brokers to just name a few in that category as well

[ember ledge]

I'm reading about lpwan (Low-power wide-area network) that's why I'm building an application "bluetooth based" https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-lpwan-architecture/

[cloud spruce]

a bit like LoRa for use by IoT, sensors and the like?

[ember ledge]

I don't know yet I have to read more about

[prisma cobalt]

anyone know how virtual machines all share a single physical network adapter (im thinking in terms of mac addresses and ip's)
everything i looked up resulted in a tutorial for some software lol

[prime notch]

Have someone implemented UDP hole punching before?

[marble lance]

why we need to learn socket programming in python?
what's the application of those knowledge? thank you

[cloud spruce]

for network communication other then using libraries that abstract everything away from you
when you need/want fine grain control
or just to learn how things actually work under the hood

a greater understanding of networks, protocols and all the mechanisms will make you a better developer when it comes to anything that has to do with data transfers over the network stack

[fossil lodge]

that reminds me, can computers monitor traffic from other frequencies? and how

[marble lance]

why XML and JSON are considered as "format" of web data?

we have pdf, image, plain text, csv.... etc.

When we surf the internet. All of the transmitted are bytes? or XML? or JSON?

Why people would say JSON / XML are the protocol of web data communication? thank you.

[cloud spruce]

you should probably be more clear/specific about what you mean, but I'll take a guess and I think this might be relevant

with the right hardware they can, it all depend on what hardware you have and what frequencies you want to listen to, if it's not normal wifi or bluetooth traffic you probably want to take a look at hooking up a SDR (software defined radio) to your computer
some wifi chips can even function like a SDR to a limited degree with the right drivers, but severely constrained to which part of the spectrum it can access, as the chip and antennas are made for the wifi bands

[ember ledge]

I tried to do that with wireshark (locked on channel 2.4GHz, well never tried with monitor mode

[cloud spruce]

they (everything you listed) are all just data formats not protocols, they can be stored in files just as they can also be transmitted as a data stream

[fossil lodge]

mostly would like to see things like IoT traffic

[cloud spruce]

still a bit wide as it can mean normal network traffic (over network cables or wifi) or internet/WAN connection through the mobil phone networks (3G/4G/5G/LTE) or more esoteric networks like LoRa
but my best guess is that you are probably after the zigbee, z-wave and x10 frequencies and maybe even bluetooth
most of which will be encrypted today, with x10 being the exception

[fossil lodge]

yeah, nothing specific in mind, just would be nice to know how to mess with IoT devices if I wanted to 😄

[sudden torrent]

how does in pycharm this configurations work when creating new project?

am new in python and in pycharm

like I jumped from vs2022 to pycharm only bcs of the tutorials

[cloud spruce]

sounds like you're looking for the #editors-ides channel 🙂

[ember ledge]

hey guys why does ```python
urllib.request.urlopen(some404website).getcode()

how can I get the desired output?

[frozen drum]

use the requests library

you need to catch the HTTPError to get the body

[ember ledge]

ok I'll check

[ember ledge]

thanks it worked, I had already tried it before but maybe I was not handling the error properly

[worldly lotus]

I am having some trouble with hosting a socket server. I am using a socket stream on port 9999. However the server can only be accessed locally. Any idea how to solve this?

[steady horizon]

They are cross platform and cross application text data formats.

They mostly communicate configurations and settings and stuff like that.

[cloud spruce]

the ip of the server that is hosting the socket server needs to be accessible from the client that tries to access the socket server
also check that this server where you are hosting the socket server doesn't have a local firewall that blocks access to the port that the socket server is running on

[wise jungle]

you need to port forward to have to accessible to devices outside the network on top of that make sure ur hosting on 0.0.0.0 ip and not 127.0.0.1

[ember ledge]

I was wondering if there is a way that I can create and host a server and host
a python program to simply text my friend?
on internet not on LAN btw

[cloud spruce]

yes, it's doable, and what @wise jungle just wrote applies directly to you as well then

you probably want some free DDNS service too, so that they can reach the service that you'll be hosting without having to know your IP address
your IP address will probably changing from time to time, so you need to have something running in the background to periodically check if the IP address has changed and if the DDNS record needs updating

also, if you don't want anyone else to be able to listen in to that traffic with relative ease you probably want a ssl/tls certificate as well, https://letsencrypt.org/ is good for that but they have a pretty short lifetime, so you'll need something that auto-renews the certificate periodically as well before they expire

[wise jungle]

yes ofcourse there is a way

there are some tutorials on youtube that you can follow along

make sure you have a static ip

and not a shared ip like most isps do these days

[ember ledge]

there were mostly of socket module which far I know mostly demonstrated for local area network

[wise jungle]

lol

i use them on a regular bases for everything

outside of LAN

make sure your isp doesnt provide you with a CGNat IP address so that your able to port forward

[ember ledge]

can I add you friend to ask on this matter sometimes?

[wise jungle]

no just ping me here

[ember ledge]

ok np

[cloud spruce]

if you are behind a CGNAT you unfortunately need to find hosting for your service elsewhere 😞

[sturdy hollow]

Hey, has anyone a good video recommendation to implement a programm in a client script to check for an update of the server and THEN to update the client script/exe itself...? - Thx in advance :)

Hope the question is somewhat understandable

[wise jungle]

the way i do it is just have a version variable in the server script and client

[sturdy hollow]

Yeah... That's what I was thinking... But how can a Script/Programm/Exe Update itself is much more interesting 👍

[wise jungle]

read a python file and copy the data into a new file

i dont suggest copying it into the same file until u get the code down

[sturdy hollow]

Oh... Okey I think I get the idea... Tbh I thought of that specific option but assumed it would be much more complex in nature

[sturdy hollow]

Of course thx for your quick help :)

[wise jungle]

np

[lavish thicket]

hey, i have to make a program for my school that needs to run at 1 computer/server and needs to access all the computers in a range of some ip's and give me some info, i have the part where he gets the info of the local machine and also the part where he loops all the ip's that are given but i don't know how to acces the other computers, i use python for everything

[narrow quarry]

can we do python as a Websocket Server

but for the Server-Side Web Server, I will use Node.js, PHP, Java, Go, or other non-python?

Yes, Node.js has popular Socket.IO module, but thats not what I am trying to do, I just want to understand the WebSocket

[frigid haven]

Hi Guys

is there anyone knows about networking

cisco

?

[wise jungle]

Is there something out there thats a non connectionless UDP framework

[unreal wren]

requests.post(localhost, files={‘file’: open(fpath, “rb”)})

Not sending the binary file

Flask says the request is filename and none type for data of file

I’m trying to send a binary based file (binary data numpy arrays file .npy) 20MB+ to a flask server ( currently localhost) and save the exact file (.npy)

[wise jungle]

so you have a numpy array?

@unreal wren

you should use msgpack if its a numpy array your trying to send

[livid crater]

(I'm reposting my question here from a help channel)

Hello, I have a scapy question.

When I create a packet using fuzz, the fields get set to a random value. However, the fields only take on a certain value when building it to a bytes representation. Can I "fix" these fields before converting it to a bytes representation?

Below some code in interactive scapy to show what I mean:

>>> p = fuzz(IP())
>>> p.show()
###[ IP ]###
  version   = <RandNum>
  ihl       = None
  tos       = <RandByte>
  len       = None
  id        = <RandShort>
  flags     = 4
  frag      = <RandNum>
  ttl       = <RandByte>
  proto     = <RandByte>
  chksum    = None
  src       = 127.0.0.1
  dst       = 127.0.0.1
  \options   \

>>> p_fixed = IP(bytes(p))
>>> p_fixed.show()
###[ IP ]###
  version   = 2
  ihl       = 5
  tos       = 0x59
  len       = 20
  id        = 19047
  flags     = MF+evil
  frag      = 7482
  ttl       = 127
  proto     = smp
  chksum    = 0x5574
  src       = 127.0.0.1
  dst       = 127.0.0.1
  \options   \

I'd like a better way to convert from p to p_fixed. The problem with doing it this way, is that the information about the packet type is lost. I'd like to retain that information and just "fix" the fields in the internal representation. I've looked through the source of scapy but can't seem to find a way to do this easily. I also can't seem to find the right keywords to google. If someone knows how, it would help greatly!

Thank you in advance.

[fossil lodge]

found out the traffic is encrypted through a TCP connection before it goes to UDP so I have to decrypt the TCP traffic first, but it's using TLS... Anything I can do or is it impossible? I don't understand why I couldn't decrypt the traffic if all the encryption data is given in the handshake

read about someone using a self signed certificate for this but ehh

[prisma cobalt]

what, TCP connection and then UDP???

[fossil lodge]

yes it contacts main service through TCP first and then establishes UDP connection between client

[prisma cobalt]

i should point out that UDP is connectionless here

i think your mismatching some terms

[fossil lodge]

I know

[prisma cobalt]

UDP connection

i dont understand

[fossil lodge]

by that I mean it starts using UDP

[prisma cobalt]

got you

[cloud spruce]

that's the howl idea with TLS, everything needed to decrypt isn't exchanged in the handshake, otherwise it would not be secure and debugging encrypted traffic can be a real pain even if you have all the keys that is needed for decryption
generally speaking the TLS handshake uses asymmetric cryptography to securely exchange/agree upon symmetric keys for use with symmetric ciphers that is used for the bulk encryption of the data that one wants to transfer securely
you can decrypt traffic that doesn't use forward secrecy (FS/PFS) if you get hold of the private key that is associated with the certificate used, unless the connection also use a client certificate (mTLS), then you need to get hold of that private key as well
for traffic that is encrypted with algorithms that provides forward secrecy those private keys will get you nowhere, then you instead have to get hold of the session keys or session secrets from either the server or the client applications: https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K50557518

i recently replied to another question about signing that you could read for a short introduction to some of the underlying cryptography used in the TLS handshake
this is a link to that question and my replies that might interest you is the two replies that follows just after the question: #cybersecurity message

[prisma cobalt]

^^

[cloud spruce]

sorry for my long form answers 😆

[fossil lodge]

np, nice to have well put answers, will likely learn more 😄

[prisma cobalt]

your on the right track with a few methods of attack here btw, its just TLS sniffing isnt one of them lol

[cloud spruce]

when we are on the subject of self signed certificates, they don't provide weaker cryptography, only non-existent trust in that it comes from whom they say it come from and can thous be swapped out by someone else that can intercept and terminate the TLS connection like a transparent proxy and generates certificates on the fly to act as a server towards the client and as a client towards the server
but if the two parties has already exchanged the self signed certificate out of band using a trusted secure channel and the client has installed the certificate as a trusted certificate for that server address they will still be able to trust the self signed certificate even if it's not best practice to do it this way (one would typically use a private/custom root CA for that)

[prisma cobalt]

to slightly continue this. web browsers come with trusted certificates pre-installed which is why most HTTPS websites can be seen as secured. most browsers also allow you to import your own certificates for use. for instance:

[fossil lodge]

the server actually allows a connection without tsl but the client uses tsl, I guess I could try to stop the tsl packets and swap them for normal ones but that would require lower level stuff ig

[fossil lodge]

not sure how I'd use one in this case, since I'm not 100% sure how they even work and how they're related to tsl

[prisma cobalt]

the client would notice this. if the client has established a tls connection then any response they dont recognise will alert them

[fossil lodge]

ig yeah

[prisma cobalt]

since your swapping out the packets, the client wont receive their expected trusted message

whats your end goal?

[fossil lodge]

decrypt the packets between client and server to sniff the packets

[prisma cobalt]

i assume we are talking HTTP here?

[cloud spruce]

one can stop the redirects from http to https from happening if it starts with http communication and you are in a MITM position, but that is being countered more and more these days with for example HSTS and things like "HTTPS Everywhere" that now is more or less built in to the browsers

[fossil lodge]

yes, I'm assuming the https traffic will have a key to decrypt the UDP traffic that comes after

[cloud spruce]

i'm guessing the udp traffic is a vpn tunnel of some kind?

[fossil lodge]

basically there's a system application that has a HTTPS connection to their servers and a client that uses the system application to authenticate and establish a connection UDP connection to the client

[cloud spruce]

sounds very much like a vpn tunnel setup to me

[fossil lodge]

actually the UDP traffic might go through the system application as well

[fossil lodge]

if I were to make a self signed certificate, how exactly would I decrypt the traffic? I know tools like fiddler have this implemented but I doubt it will magically make the packets readable

Also can I make scapy parse the packets I receive from a socket? or does it only know how to parse with sniff() and pcaps

[sweet dragon]

do torrenters mainly download copyrighted content?

[cloud spruce]

depends on who you ask, the average windows or mac person would probably tell you yes, some linux people will probably tell you no, since quite a bit of larger open source software such as distribution install images are available as torrents as well as normal downloads

[fading trellis]

server {
    listen 80;
    root /var/www/website.com;
    index index.html;
    server_name website.com;

    location / {
        # Help Here
        if ($request_uri ~ ^/(.*)\.html) {
            return 302 /$1;
        }
        try_files $uri $uri.html $uri/ =404;
    }
}```
When I use this config, visiting website.com automatically redirects to website.com/index
Any idea how to fix?

[cloud spruce]

what is the goal of this partial nginx configuration?
when i test it out locally it looks to be working as intended

[fading trellis]

It removes the .html from page names

So users do not have to visit domain.com/page.html, they should be able to go to domain.com/page

Yet it causes domain.com to redirect to domain.com/index - I do not want this to happen

[cloud spruce]

i do understand what it does, but i was asking about what your goal with it was (which you now have provided in the replies just below the one i'm replying to now)

[cloud spruce]

just using your try_files line will already make it so that it first tries to find a file under /var/www/website.com that matches exactly the url path sent from the browser
if that fails it will then try to find a file with the same path again but with a .htmlextension (which is what you say that you are looking for)
if that also fails it will try see if there is a directory with the same path as before (by appending the path with a /
finally if everything before this has failed it will return a 404 "page not found" error response

[cloud spruce]

it shouldn't be showing /index unless you type /index.html at the end of the url when you test this out in a browser

[cloud spruce]

what your if statement is doing is redirecting any typed url with a .html extension to the same url but without the .html extension

if all you want to do is show the content of the file /var/www/website.com/about.html if someone visits http://website.com/about the try_files line already does that without the if statement
without the if statement one would also be able to visit http://website.com/about.html and see the same page without being redirected, all the if statement would do here is to stop this from working and instead redirect such a request to http://website.com/about and then show the page, which is an extra request/step

[rigid copper]

Has anyone encountered a situation where random CSS/JS files fail to be loaded from a Flask server? It seems to only happen on Chromium browsers. So far, I have found basically no documentation regarding this error, so I have no idea exactly what is causing this. FYI, this all started happening from 30/3 onwards, and reverting my code to earlier commits did not fix the issue.

[wise jungle]

hey guys i made a simple voice chat client/server using python
https://github.com/e1pupper/VoiceChat

currently its not encrypted but you can easily do it

[solar trench]

can someone help me out, I got a networking problem in #help-pie

thanks

[prisma cobalt]

Hmm, the server clearly receives the request and declares it with a 304 unmodified code and since the web browser errors it might be a caching issue 🤔 what happens if you clear your page cache and try to rerequest each resource?

Not sure if this is relevant but check this out: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=927364

[digital brook]

this is pretty cool actually

[wise jungle]

Thanks brother

[wise jungle]

for some reason when a third person connects the shit starts lagging

[wise jungle]

i think i cameup with a solution of just threading the data sent instead of looping through

[wise jungle]

i lied

i have no clue why the latency is doublin everytime someone joins

[wary breach]

how would i get ips of all of the devices on my network

[wary breach]

https://pypi.org/project/networkscan/

solved

[rigid copper]

I've tried clearing the cache before and it didn't help. Also, I've asked others to try accessing the site and they are encountering the same issue, so it's unlikely to be something on my end.

[twin thicket]

Hey all

is this channel friendly towards Questions? etc

Attempting to write a an ssl client using socket -- but whilst i am attempting to connect using socat i get this

[cloud spruce]

!code

[errant bay]

Here's how to format Python code on Discord:

```py
print('Hello world!')
```

These are backticks, not quotes. Check this out if you can't find the backtick key.

[cloud spruce]

@twin thicket please use one of the above methods to post your code to the channel again instead of a screen shot

[unreal wren]

Does ssh work across separate networks

[cloud spruce]

yes, it will work as long as you can establish a connection without being filtered on the port you are using

[cloud spruce]

try rewriting both your client and server to use non blocking io sockets and select() for picking up which sockets has data ready for reading or has a new error state to be handled

It might also be good to change the read buffer size to at least 1472 bytes or something like that to be sure you can read the content of a howl packet off the wire at a time

[wise jungle]

How do use non blocking io sockets?

[prisma cobalt]

instead of using threads, you can check the state of each socket in a loop to see which ones have data ready to be read. this stops a recv call from blocking the main thread and removes the overhead of switching threads which the current method uses

[wise jungle]

Im usind udp with tcp i can do it easily

[cloud spruce]

and you will only be reading from the sockets that has something on them, select takes care of finding out which those are

[cloud spruce]

udp or tcp doesn't matter

non blocking io is a very important subject that is good to get familiarized with

even if you use threads you might get problems with blocking io if you are handling more then just one reading from one socket in that thread

as the blocking will make just make the howl thread wait for data to arrive from that socket before it can do anything else

that means that you would need a separate thread for reading the audio data from your local microphone and transmit that data if you're not using blocking in your voice chat client

[wise jungle]

The only thing i can think of doing is creating multiple sub servers that handle data from each client

But that would take up the ports but at this point i dont think is a problem

Ill go home and try and wrote a solution

[cloud spruce]

i would definitely suggest either a non-blocking io based server using sock.setblocking(False) and select
otherwise you can spawn a new thread for each data stream you want to read from (in the client that would be one thread for the socket connected to the server and another thread for reading from the microphone and send the that data in that same thread to the same socket that you are reading from in the other thread)

[wise jungle]

In tcp i can do cliet, addr = sock.accept()

Then thread the connection so that each client is handled

[unreal wren]

i have no admin rights on the receiving computer, and i would create a stream somehow

[wise jungle]

I have done both before and still same problem

[prisma cobalt]

youve used the select module?

[wise jungle]

Yes but i might not have used it correctly as i was clueless

[wise jungle]

I know this would work amazingly

But i rather not want to take up a lot of ports

[cloud spruce]

you don't need admin privileges on the receiving machine as long as there is already a ssh server running there and they are not running any firewall (not even on the host) that is blocking the listening port

[cloud spruce]

select will not use more ports

[wise jungle]

Ill write m solution and show you ut

Give me likr 20 min

actually

the more i think about it

the more i feel like it might be a client side issue

ima try sumthing

[cloud spruce]

what you do is mark add the server socket that you have issued bind() and listen() on to the list of sockets that you check with select to see if there is anything to read from them
select will (amongst other things) return a list of all sockets that has something to read from
then loop through that list and you use an if statement to check if it's the same as the server listening socket, in that case you have logic to accept() the connection and add it to the list of client connections that you will also run select() on later on, and if it isn't that socket it's one of the clients sockets that you need to handle as such

[wise jungle]

no

im not using tcp !?

im using UDP

i easily handle tcp connections i have no problem with tcp

im struggling with UDP

[prisma cobalt]

you can use select module with UDP as well

since they block when calling recvfrom

[cloud spruce]

i'm trying to tell you that it doesn't matter much if it's tcp or udp

[wise jungle]

you cant listen() or accept() in UDP

cause if you can then i wouldnt have had this issue

[wise jungle]

can i have an example

[cloud spruce]

right, that's true 😆

[prisma cobalt]

assuming your sending data to multiple clients as well as recving
you would want the select module to check the UDP server socket with a timeout so if theres no data you can focus on sending other data to other clients rather then blocking with the recvfrom call

[cloud spruce]

you just have to bind() (without listen()) and recvfrom() instead

[wise jungle]

what the hell

have you guys read my code

at all

ive made these changes

    def handleConnection(self):
        while True:
            try:
                d, a = self.udp_server.recvfrom(4096)
                self.mainServer.clients[a] = time.time()
                if a != self.addr:
                    self.udp_server.close()
                    break
                serverHandler(self.mainServer, d, a)
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                
    def timeoutHandler(self):
        timeout = 1
        while True:
            connectionHandler(self, timeout)
            
    def acceptConnection(self):
        timeout = 1
        while True:
            try:
                d, a = self.udp_server.recvfrom(4096)
                self.clients[a] = time.time()
                if a not in self.connections:
                    if d == b"connection":
                        self.udp_server.sendto(d,a)
                        self.connections.append(a)
                        self.port += 1
                        Server(self.port, True, self, a)
                        print("Get connecting from ", a)
                else:
                    print(f"{a} trying to connect!?")
                    #for c in self.connections:
                    #    if a != c:
                    #        self.udp_server.sendto(d, c)
                #self.udp_server.timeout(0.050)
            except Exception as ex:
                pass

    #server class
    def __init__(self, port, isSubServer=False, mainServer=None, a=None):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.port = port
        self.mainServer = mainServer
        self.addr = a
        
        server_config = (self.host, self.port)
        self.udp_server.bind(server_config)
        self.udp_server.setblocking(0)
        self.clients = dict()

        if not isSubServer:
            self.acceptConnectionT = threading.Thread(target=self.acceptConnection, daemon=True)
            self.acceptConnectionT.start()
            self.timeoutHandlerT = threading.Thread(target=self.timeoutHandler, daemon=True)
            self.timeoutHandlerT.start()
        else:
            self.handleConnectionT = threading.Thread(target=self.handleConnection,daemon=True)
            self.handleConnectionT.start()

i think this would work

what do you guys think @cloud spruce @prisma cobalt

[prisma cobalt]

why would you close your server if the connection isnt self.addr?

[wise jungle]

its dedicates server for 1 client

maybe thats OD

ima just do pass or something

or ill just do if a == self.addr

[prisma cobalt]

wait does this use multiple ports?

[wise jungle]

yes

[prisma cobalt]

how is the client supposed to know which port to connect to?

[wise jungle]

thsi was the solution i was thinking of

[wise jungle]

ok so they intiialy connect

to the main hub

so you see in the acceptconnection

                 if a not in self.connections:
                    if d == b"connection":
                        self.udp_server.sendto(d,a)
                        self.connections.append(a)
                        self.port += 1
                        Server(self.port, True, self, a)
                        print("Get connecting from ", a)

in self.udp_server.sendto(d,a) ill change d for a port

[prisma cobalt]

this isnt a production ready server
what if you run out of ports
in reality this is done differently

[wise jungle]

and have it be the same ip

[wise jungle]

yea i know

but i think overall it wont be that bad

[prisma cobalt]

not to mentions all those threads you create

sure, if it works 😂

[wise jungle]

😭

i mean someone could probably open like 10000 ports

[prisma cobalt]

if it works to your requirements then it works perfectly™️

lmao

[wise jungle]

and then have 9999 people connect to a main server

per ip

so technically you can have multiple machines hosting upto 10000 ports

but ive done 25 port range

ima test it

i doubt it will work

yup dis shit did not work x)

nvm wait

i forgot to encode

[cloud spruce]

why do every client need it's own port?
is it so that a client can change source ip and/or source port and you'll still know it's the same client?
but then anyone can impersonate that client by just sending traffic to that clients port on the server

[wise jungle]

thats what i added if a == self.addr

that way you cant just send packets

and gonna have to connect through the main server

[WinError 10035] A non-blocking socket operation could not be completed immediately
[WinError 10035] A non-blocking socket operation could not be completed immediately

: ?

we do a little bit of trolling

why am i getting this error now

i wasnt getting this earlier

[wise jungle]

@cloud spruce @prisma cobalt

my laptop blue screened LOL

[wise jungle]

https://youtu.be/2Oq4FQSr21I?t=170 aids

[cloud spruce]

so if you do not support clients to change neither source ip or source port during a session you can identify the client on those two

[wise jungle]

im hella stuck

im actually clueless on what to do

i know there is a way to do it all on 1 port but i really dont know how

[cloud spruce]

(on the note about select on windows) that sucks... 😞
i'm a full time linux user (since like forever), so i wouldn't really know about those problems

[wise jungle]

im so lost

i cant find anything for UDP

[cloud spruce]

i'll see if i can try something out over here

[wise jungle]

appreciate you

[wise jungle]

if u get somewhere ping me @cloud spruce ty

[cloud spruce]

i'm looking through your code at https://github.com/e1pupper/VoiceChat/blob/main/server.py

one way to get a non-blocking udp socket (and this doesn't even require a separate call) is: udp_server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM | socket.SOCK_NONBLOCK)

you can change the code and make a lot simpler when using udp, like not using threads right now (at least until you have lots of clients to send the same piece of data to)
especially: don't create a new thread for every non-blocking .recvfrom()

[wise jungle]

Whole point is i want to send to a lot of client