ot1-perplexing-regexing

[honest star]

I think my NaNoWriMo might be my thesis 🥴

[thick osprey]

There's a catagory for that :3

[ruby fox]

No way lol, a catagory for writing thesis on NaNoWriMo?

[thick osprey]

Literary, Historical, Personal. I suppose not one that explicitly says "halp I'm writing a thesis"

[wraith hound]

I've been wanting to do a NaNoWriMo forever, but I don't know what I could possibly write >.>

[civic pasture]

HOI

ITS ALLOWEEN

we allow everyone to go crazy in this server

am I rite @wraith hound

😛

[wraith hound]

No.

[young shoal]

not authoritative enough with that first try

[civic pasture]

😦

whats up @young shoal

hows Temple

[thick osprey]

I have a vaaaague idea

[vale raven]

Good luck!

[jaunty wraith]

sleb doggo

[thick osprey]

It begins.

[distant hazel]

have fun!

[small coral]

so it does

if we're talking about the same thing

[tranquil orchid]

what's beginning 👀

[high haven]

gl

for some reason i have a notion-template related to this

its not mine but it looks cool

[high haven]

do you want it 👀

[jaunty wraith]

👀

[high haven]

do you want it instead

[jaunty wraith]

I do not know what it is

[high haven]

here ill flash it

and you can bookmark it

[small coral]

the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

[jaunty wraith]

that's rude to the dog

[high haven]

great. now we can forget we had this convo

[jaunty wraith]

what convo

[high haven]

what convo

[foggy jungle]

what conowo

[jaunty wraith]

rem, sleb

[foggy jungle]

Am off school 2 week

[high haven]

rem, slem

wait

i should also get ready for bed

[jaunty wraith]

https://tenor.com/view/cute-cat-kitten-mlem-rawr-gif-20742503

[high haven]

i watched a horror movie and now im probs going to have nightmares

[foggy jungle]

Hold pillow close.

[high haven]

or just die

the movie was Talk to Me

tldr; never mess with spirits

[jaunty wraith]

not very spiritual of you

[high haven]

obv you havent seen the movie

[jaunty wraith]

of course

[high haven]

||watch it. jk. dont do it ||

[jaunty wraith]

I don't really get scared by horror movies tbh

so idk

[high haven]

||ok then you should watch it||

[jaunty wraith]

I will

[high haven]

||brb need to find an adult ||

[jaunty wraith]

fedora

[foggy jungle]

Fedora.

[mystic drift]

Fedora?

[foggy jungle]

I have not use extensive.

[hexed sierra]

fedora

[foggy jungle]

I have no problem with Debian and closed source software though.

[jaunty wraith]

edd, I've used dnf coprs with moderate success

[hexed sierra]

hmm

[delicate gull]

does debian fo closed source?

[jaunty wraith]

some coprs I used to use weren't updated for recent versions, so I had to figure out other ways

[foggy jungle]

"other" ways.

[hexed sierra]

so to recap, you have closed source repos added to apt, and you did a version upgrade? e.g. ubuntu 20.04 to 22.04 jump?

[delicate gull]

i don't remember seeing debian in gny's black list

[mystic drift]

I don't think I've ever had a closed source

Well, except for Windows

[jaunty wraith]

RPM files

[foggy jungle]

I don't think so. I just dpkg'd.

[jaunty wraith]

or flatpaks

[mystic drift]

Ubuntu and Ubuntu Server were always open source, soo...

[jaunty wraith]

or nix

[hexed sierra]

dpkg can add repos to apt

[jaunty wraith]

occasionally build from source

[livid citrus]

Python docker image uses debian

[foggy jungle]

Sure but I didn't.

[delicate gull]

that's relavent?

[hexed sierra]

e.g. if you install chrome or skype with dpkg install or apt install, it'll both install the program and add the respective repo to apt so that you now get updates with apt update

[jaunty wraith]

for Ubuntu, are you talking about PPAs?

[hexed sierra]

yeah

[foggy jungle]

[livid citrus]

That's the reason I went with debian, plus I doubt they'd use a closed source distro

[hexed sierra]

you're a fake linux user 😔

(jk)

[jaunty wraith]

some mucking about the sources list needed to be done when I upgraded the Ubuntu box

[livid citrus]

It should be open source

[delicate gull]

debian is not closed source
but i belive docker can use other stuff too

[foggy jungle]

I have had no issues so far. I will knock on wood.

[hexed sierra]

right, removing a handful of ppas before being able to upgrade to the next os version

[jaunty wraith]

yeah

[foggy jungle]

This all sounds like a skill issue, just get good.

[hexed sierra]

not all .deb will add repos to apt, those aren't problematic

[foggy jungle]

I have Chrome installed I think.

[jaunty wraith]

chrome 👎🏼

[hexed sierra]

so the main issue is that i need stuff like teams, skype, and cisco anyconnect for work

[delicate gull]

i have chrome and pycharm

[foggy jungle]

I have like 8 different browsers installed

[hexed sierra]

and uninstalling and reinstalling each time is a PITA

[delicate gull]

i have vlc too
is that closed?

[jaunty wraith]

firefox or ungoogled-chromium 👍🏼

[jaunty wraith]

y

[livid citrus]

@jaunty wraith since you mentioned k8s before - did you see tiltfile?

[jaunty wraith]

nah, it's OSS

[jaunty wraith]

I have

[foggy jungle]

User agent shenanigans and whatnot.

[mystic drift]

The default being Firefox, right?

[jaunty wraith]

I haven't been able to get it adopted though

[mystic drift]

...right?

[jaunty wraith]

people liked helmfile OTOH

[foggy jungle]

I use Firefox as my do-everything browser.

[mystic drift]

[delicate gull]

i use chrome cause of the extensions
i'de use something else otherwise

[mystic drift]

I regularly have like, twenty or so tabs open at any given time

[jaunty wraith]

can't you spoof that

[mystic drift]

And it has a pretty theme

[livid citrus]

Hm, tiltfile is mostly for local dev and it can run helm files, how do they compare?

[foggy jungle]

y spoof when open new browser and see result

[hexed sierra]

i love the 13y/o skid vibe

[jaunty wraith]

helmfile is to helm what docker compose is to docker

[foggy jungle]

Thanks, I just like the Kali styling lol

[jaunty wraith]

people are really invested in the dockerfile approach

so it's hard to get them to use tiltfile

[foggy jungle]

dockerfile that away in the trash

[jaunty wraith]

plus the CI is complicated

they don't wanna invest in two different ways to do things

[livid citrus]

I should probably take a look at it too

[jaunty wraith]

helmfile is quite hacky

but it works ¯_(ツ)_/¯

[livid citrus]

I just use tiltfile to automatically deploy an app chart locally 🙃

Nothing more really

[jaunty wraith]

it has way more features

[livid citrus]

Helmfile?

[jaunty wraith]

no, tiltfile

[livid citrus]

Yeah

[jaunty wraith]

y use more browser when one browser do

[livid citrus]

That's just what I primarily use it for

Any python tooling you can recommend by the way?

[jaunty wraith]

ruff 👍🏼

[livid citrus]

Already use it

[jaunty wraith]

what kind of tooling are you looking for?

[foggy jungle]

I like having options

[jaunty wraith]

kopf is very nice if you do k8s native stuff

[foggy jungle]

You’re a tool…ing.

Install Moyen today.

[jaunty wraith]

owo

[livid citrus]

Anything that could help improve code quality really

Be it libraries or linters

[spare oriole]

mypy

[foggy jungle]

ourpy ||/s||

[livid citrus]

Take a look at deptry and pytest-archon

[delicate gull]

i do black, ruff, pip-tools in everything
pre-commit is also popular but i didn't care for it really

[livid citrus]

Honestly I don't like pre commit

It's weird

[jaunty wraith]

we do use sonarlint for code quality and a vuln scanner for… vuln scanning

I like pre-commit 🥺

[livid citrus]

And I use pdm for dependency management

[spare oriole]

running ruff on C drive be like

Found 88512 errors.
[*] 37628 fixable with the --fix option (3731 hidden fixes can be enabled with the --unsafe-fixes option).

[delicate gull]

it messes up my commits
i don't know what is happening

[jaunty wraith]

get gud /s

it blocks your commits

[foggy jungle]

Let it fix them

[jaunty wraith]

if changes violate any… thingies

rules

uhh, hooks

[livid citrus]

I have CI for that

[foggy jungle]

You got there eventually.

[jaunty wraith]

really depends on what hooks you use tbh

[timid latch]

enforcing stuff on each commit might be a bit annoying to be totally honest, but I could totally be behind a pre-push hooks

[jaunty wraith]

thanks

[spare oriole]

and when my system stops working?

[jaunty wraith]

pre-commit hooks saves me from having to do a rebase to clean stuff up

or an amend

[livid citrus]

I just use a taskfile to run all the linters, though I'm considering using pre commit just as a runner for some of it's hooks

[foggy jungle]

Make a post vaguely outlining your issue with blurry pictures and then go to bed while people try to help.

[jaunty wraith]

coincidentally, I use pre-commit to run… tasks defined in pyproject.toml

only some of the hooks though

[livid citrus]

Try taskfile

[jaunty wraith]

yaml 👎🏼

[livid citrus]

Heh

[timid latch]

you are telling me you dont have 30 commits tilted "fix linting"?

[jaunty wraith]

(yes, I know pre-commit config is YAML)

[foggy jungle]

“Appeased linter”

[jaunty wraith]

"this commit was ruff"

[livid citrus]

ruff select = ["ALL"]

[jaunty wraith]

and then a ton of ignores

[foggy jungle]

Safepull almost passed All

[jaunty wraith]

almost?

[livid citrus]

Like 10(0)

[foggy jungle]

I ignored a line length rule iirc

[jaunty wraith]

blasphemy

[livid citrus]

You have black for that to be honest

[foggy jungle]

I use both.

[delicate gull]

ruff and black fight over line length

[jaunty wraith]

I'm trialing ruff format over black

I did notice miniscule speed difference

but not many style differences

which is nice

[delicate gull]

i don't let ruff format :p
just show me

[foggy jungle]

I’m the opposite.

Format as you please, but if I see it, I’ll get annoyed

[livid citrus]

https://gitlab.com/ThirVondukr/fastapi-cookiecutter/-/blob/main/pyproject.toml?ref_type=heads#L139

[delicate gull]

if i let it format it deletes unused imports

sometimes i want them to be there

[foggy jungle]

Just in case, right?

[jaunty wraith]

okay, formatting your drives…

[livid citrus]

Formatting your pvs

[unborn warren]

anyone in here have decent knowledge and wanna make a few bucks? need something done!

[foggy jungle]

https://tenor.com/view/high-honor-deer-rdr2-high-honor-high-honor-arthur-morgan-gif-15559307536255721306

[jaunty wraith]

VolumeSnapshots 👍🏼

[foggy jungle]

^ I made a buck.

[jaunty wraith]

!rule 9

[royal lake]

Rules

9. Do not offer or ask for paid work of any kind.

[delicate gull]

no but like
in django i want the default imports there for when i go for that file

and in flask there are some imports you have to do in __init__

[unborn warren]

i cant offer to pay people bro lmao

[jaunty wraith]

'tis only one buck

[livid citrus]

Okay, formatting your cloud provider drives ...

[jaunty wraith]

can't touch my snapshots 😤

[livid citrus]

I don't believe you'd leave ann101 and ann102 enabled

[delicate gull]

passing formatting isn't that hard
pass 100% coverage

that is the real chad

[livid citrus]

self: Self, cls: type[Self]

[livid citrus]

I do

[foggy jungle]

I’m in bed, eating cold pizza and talking on Discord. I’m fairly confident I’m at a low enough point in my life to try and leap through Ruff’s hoops

[crystal spruce]

that sounds pretty good honestly

[livid citrus]

ignore = [ALL]

[crystal spruce]

there are worse things than cold pizza

[delicate gull]

i want pizza 🥺

[jaunty wraith]

soggy pizza

[foggy jungle]

Frozen pizza I suppose

[livid citrus]

Can we get a wrapper around ruff that would mandate a certain amount of specific errors

[jaunty wraith]

[livid citrus]

So your code is just shitty enough

[foggy jungle]

Ah like an anti-linter

[livid citrus]

Ruffian

[foggy jungle]

Ironically that’s probably within the scope of a project I was describing a week ago lol

[jaunty wraith]

so like, ruff with a min-threshold of errors?

[livid citrus]

Yes

[foggy jungle]

https://blog.phylum.io/phylum-discovers-mischievous-npm-publications/<

This but in Python more or less

Err

I can’t delete embeds on mobile?

[crystal spruce]

put <> around the link

no like

[foggy jungle]

Thanks Stickie!

[jaunty wraith]

bro

[crystal spruce]

< on the left

> on the right

[livid citrus]

If it works it works

[crystal spruce]

i didn't even know you could do that

<>https://google.com<>

[jaunty wraith]

amusing headings in that article

[crystal spruce]

huh

[jaunty wraith]

TIL Phylum has a GitHub app

[foggy jungle]

Ye

[jaunty wraith]

for free

[foggy jungle]

Ye

All their internal crap is written in Rust too lol

[jaunty wraith]

Robin be like, time to apply

[foggy jungle]

They’re not hiring devs

[jaunty wraith]

sadge

[foggy jungle]

He’d do so well, he basically wrote the same system

[jaunty wraith]

real

[foggy jungle]

I sleb

[crystal spruce]

otsu rem

[heavy pawn]

https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/10/26/1082398/exclusive-ilya-sutskever-openais-chief-scientist-on-his-hopes-and-fears-for-the-future-of-ai/?utm_source=pocket-newtab-en-intl

[fathom musk]

How does opacity really work?

Hello zeff

[hybrid root]

good disillusion video https://youtu.be/XobSAXZaKJ8 2:20 maybe?

[fathom musk]

Not really what I am looking for though

I mean how does opacity work?

Is it just like density?

Like if the a=1.0, then all the pixels are at work

And if a=0.0, then none of them are at work

And if its 0.5, then every other pixel is on but the other is just transparent

[fathom musk]

I watched the entire thing and it didn't really answer this, did it?

[hybrid root]

are you talking about checkerboarding or dithering or something

[fathom musk]

Yes

What happens at a pixel level

Or do you just dim the pixels or something?

[ruby fox]

Well, it's just transperency, you just show the background when it's transparent

[hybrid root]

that 0.5 explanation feels unrelated to the base concept of opacity

[ruby fox]

I removed a lot of stuff, but hmm, basically that's the idea

[fathom musk]

That doesn't explain a=0.5 tho

[fathom musk]

That's what im asking

What does opacity really work?

[ruby fox]

It's a composite

Let me find a good explanation

[ruby fox]

newImage = 0.5 * image1 + 0.5 * image2

This is the formula, when they use 0.5 transperency

It's like a weighted mean

Here image 1 and image 2 are numpy arrays

[fathom musk]

Interesting

Array of what though?

I mean

[ruby fox]

Pixel values

[fathom musk]

Array representing images I get that but which images?

Let's say image1 is my main image

image2 is?

The shape im trying to draw?

[ruby fox]

Image 2 is your background

[hybrid root]

https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Alpha_compositing

that 0.5*im1 + 0.5*im2 explanation has a lot of caveats

maybe im overthinking the q

[ruby fox]

Nah, tell that information may help them understand it better

[fathom musk]

@hybrid root @ruby fox thanks got it now

aA + (1-a)B is what I was looking for

[hybrid root]

this works when you want a simple 0.5 blend between two images but when you want to overlay a partially transparent image on top of an opaque image there's a bit more math to do but it's not too bad. the site i sent has a good general formula

ye that ig

[solemn tulip]

then there is fun stuff like premultiplied alpna

[ruby fox]

It's so fun, but I'm a boring person, so i don't know about it 😔

[hybrid root]

the vid I sent was about exactly that

[solemn tulip]

I did not read the convo after the message I replied to 😅

[hybrid root]

yeah I wasn't trying to get the huge premultiplication part of the video across anyways

is good vid

[thick osprey]

@vale raven I've found something WSL2 cannot help me with. My first limitation that hasn't been work related. Apparently WSL2 and WSL (which is to say; not WSL1) do not have AF_UNIX interop.

On the other hand, I have a new-found interest in learning about sockets.

[vale raven]

I'm scared of sockets

[thick osprey]

I just accepted they were a thing until about 18:00 this afternoon when I tried to use a library that wanted to create a socket to Discord. Now I'm super interested in how they work. Especially these read/write file sockets. :3 So neat.

[carmine apex]

tis okay, you just need the right tools
||i would recommend a screwdriver||

[vale raven]

Are teeth close enough?

They're very pointy

[carmine apex]

maybe 🤔 idk.
might not be long enough

[lament cairn]

teeth issue

[civic pasture]

meow

[jaunty wraith]

I've been dabbling with sockets for the past few days too 👀
#networks message

[thick osprey]

I shall have to sneak over there when I'm awake .

*more awake

[grave cove]

Socket? To Discord?

The websocket gateway?

[thick osprey]

For rich presence communication.

[grave cove]

Ah, fair

I've been writing a Discord API wrappers lately so websockets have been of particular interest to me lately 👀

[thick osprey]

I learned, the confusing way, that WSL2 does not actually support building one of these https://github.com/discord/discord-rpc/blob/963aa9f3e5ce81a4682c6ca3d136cddda614db33/src/connection_unix.cpp#L56

[royal lake]

src/connection_unix.cpp line 56

self->sock = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);```

[thick osprey]

It does... but it doesn't quite as seamlessly as I would have thought.

It supports the socket. You have to bring your own bridge from WSL2 to windows pipe

Which lead me down the rabbit hole of socat

which directed me to npiperelay.exe

which is where I said "You know what, I'll just dev this silly thing on windows thanks"

[jaunty wraith]

WS L

[jaunty wraith]

there is a special AF for that, I read

[grave cove]

oh you know what

that might explain why my rpc hasn't been working

I use neovim inside WSL2 and found it curious my Discord RPC wasn't working but shrugged it off as unimportant

[thick osprey]

https://github.com/microsoft/WSL/issues/5961

That's likely why.

[jaunty wraith]

https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html#socket.AF_HYPERV
kinda

[thick osprey]

I already have done this song and dance once but....eeeehhh.. can't lie, I just copy and pasted this stuff and it worked. Now I'm looking and it saying "okay... how do you work!?"

# 1Password SSH Auth Bridge
export SSH_AUTH_SOCK=$HOME/.ssh/agent.sock
ALREADY_RUNNING=$(ps -auxww | grep -q "[n]piperelay.exe -ei -s //./pipe/openssh-ssh-agent"; echo $?)
if [[ $ALREADY_RUNNING != "0" ]]; then
    if [[ -S $SSH_AUTH_SOCK ]]; then        echo "removing previous socket..."
        rm $SSH_AUTH_SOCK
    fi
    echo "Starting SSH-Agent relay..."
    (setsid socat UNIX-LISTEN:$SSH_AUTH_SOCK,fork EXEC:"npiperelay.exe -ei -s //./pipe/openssh-ssh-agent",nofork &) >/dev/null 2>&1
fi

[grave cove]

wtf

[thick osprey]

Right?

[grave cove]

so you just exec this in wsl and sockets start working again?

[jaunty wraith]

AFAICT, it sets up a tunnel with socat

[thick osprey]

But it makes sense, kinda:

• Make an environment variable for the location of the socket
• Check if npiperelay.exe is already running
• If it isn't running remove the old socket
• Build a new socket magically bridged to the named socket "openssh-ssh-agent" in windows

hrmmm, a challenge is that one bridge doesn't look to be enough. The socket name can be one of 10 different sockets
https://github.com/discord/discord-rpc/blob/963aa9f3e5ce81a4682c6ca3d136cddda614db33/src/connection_unix.cpp#L66C10-L68

[royal lake]

src/connection_unix.cpp line 66

for (int pipeNum = 0; pipeNum < 10; ++pipeNum) {```

[thick osprey]

heck, c# is such a cheeky language. Just ternaries all the way down.
https://github.com/discord/discord-rpc/blob/963aa9f3e5ce81a4682c6ca3d136cddda614db33/src/connection_unix.cpp#L29-L37

[royal lake]

src/connection_unix.cpp lines 29 to 37

static const char* GetTempPath()
{
    const char* temp = getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
    temp = temp ? temp : getenv("TMPDIR");
    temp = temp ? temp : getenv("TMP");
    temp = temp ? temp : getenv("TEMP");
    temp = temp ? temp : "/tmp";
    return temp;
}```

[thick osprey]

oh hey, 60 seconds to see if my quickly silly code crashes

Hell yeah.

Two day bb

[jaunty wraith]

c++

[thick osprey]

Oh, oh that is c++

I'm tired

haha

[young shoal]

c# would make that much nicer

[thick osprey]

4.8k words into 50k. Solid day one. I'm going to bed.

[jaunty wraith]

IDR, but there's a way to coalesce

right?

[young shoal]

yes, ??

[thick osprey]

We're asking you. If you know, could you tell us ??

[young shoal]

⁉️

[jaunty wraith]

is this done ???

[grave cove]

⁉️⁉️

[civic pasture]

Hey guys and gays

[solemn tulip]

the .cpp ending and the pointers without unsafe should be pretty strong indications 😛

[thick ore]

francis' last message here was 2 months ago

is he still banning helpers

[lament cairn]

quietly

[thick osprey]

"should" have been. Apparently I was tired enough that two languages I don't use often looked the same. haha

in the end it's all just loop, if-statement, unsafe operation. I don't even see the code anymore.

[tardy rain]

Why the mix of naming convs in that snippet

[hearty violet]

lol

[thick ore]

damn i dont like nim

like why does it use camelCase when the files are named in snake_case

and not even SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE for constants

[hearty violet]

yeah same

[hearty violet]

iirc nim just considers all of those the same

so pascal case, snake case, whatever is all the same

but my issue with nim is that it doesn't know what it wants
it's everything, it also has an ugly indent based syntax
and there's no reason to go out of my way to use it since to me it doesn't do anything I can't do already

[thick ore]

it can compile to JS, i guess

and would you look at that

[hearty violet]

the C compilation is the most interesting part of it imo

but most big languages now seem to be able to either compile to JS or to WASM

[hearty violet]

seems like a logical error on your end?

[thick ore]

not really

it's literally the example on jester's page

[hearty violet]

you're attempting to read a nil value

[hearty violet]

hmm

[thick ore]

import jester

routes:
  get "/":
    resp "Hello, world!"

i guess i'll have to switch gc

[thick ore]

🦀🦀

so i guess Nim isn't special anymore

the native JS compilation is what made me wanna use it

[hearty violet]

JS compilation is kinda popular nowadays

u have languages whose entire purpose is just to compile to other languages

other's that are just syntax over other languages

imo nim's draw is that it looks like python but compiles to C

so it can be kinda fast

but it's a very big and ugly language and it doesn't have a lot of support channels

[solemn tulip]

the file ending is the clearer indication 😛

[jovial oriole]

You just lost the game

if you read this

[tardy rain]

'ate unit tests
'ate react
'ate jest
'ate nobody knowing what their app should do

Honestly testing is probably the worst aspect of dev

[solemn tulip]

Tests are great to have, not fun to write 😛

[tardy rain]

tests are fine to write

if you're the one that wrote the code

not if theyre being passed onto you to write and now you gotta chase people to explain what the code is meant to be doing

[high haven]

classic

[uneven pine]

If people have to explain what the code is doing, the code is bad

[tardy rain]

the code is terrible

the app is basically a form and a table

[uneven pine]

Rewrite in rust

[tardy rain]

its js

pass on rust

not even TS

[jaunty wraith]

Rewrite it in Reason

[uneven pine]

Js is genuinely the worst case scenario

Rewrite in scratch

[high haven]

how many software teams do you think have done this exact thing

[jaunty wraith]

all of them

[high haven]

quite literally

[young shoal]

terrible take

[high haven]

theres so many SaaS products that do the same too

[young shoal]

bannable imo

[high haven]

let me give you some examples

https://retool.com/

https://www.airtable.com/

notion could be used as well if you squint hard enough

anyway i kid

you shouldnt be using this stuff for the financial domain

[high haven]

i have a meme for alt-psv

or ig

alt-psm now

[young shoal]

huh you know, my v is gone

[high haven]

ill just call you alt-pub

[young shoal]

quite disappointing

[high haven]

hopefully you wont change the first bit

for alt-pub:

[young shoal]

I was gonna be private for halloween

[high haven]

and its not even the github copilot, but the microsoft copilot

the one for business peeps

[young shoal]

the built-in one for Windows

[high haven]

plus its a $30 markup for enterprise license

i think

[young shoal]

huh. per person?

[high haven]

source: myself

jk

well kinda myself: #ot1-perplexing-regexing message

[young shoal]

incredible

[high haven]

thats considering monthly pricing. dont enterprise licenses do stuff annually?

so its really an additional $360

[young shoal]

honestly, over a year, it just needs to save like 10 hours out of 2080 to be worth it

[tardy rain]

there are 262 files

frontend only

its literally a table and a form

[low chasm]

what the fuck

[tardy rain]

and something like 200 tests

160 sorry

[high haven]

business: "now we can reduce headcount and cut costs"

[high haven]

this is react? bro this is all just for a frontend?

do you have this many components?

is this what the frontend world looks like

[low chasm]

each pixel on the screen gets its own component

[tardy rain]

Lemme count

24 components

Or at least thats how many dire are in the components dir lmao

[high haven]

24 actually isnt too bad

at least from the little frontend i know

which has mostly been through derping around + my fullstack friends

[tardy rain]

Its too much

And also too dark

England sucks

I think we might be catching some seasonal depression

[high haven]

oof

come to texas

you can meet my friends

[tardy rain]

Next year

Actually idk if we'll make it in 2024

Idk how long visas take to process

[high haven]

hmm if youre in around conference season, we can go to the happy hours too

[low chasm]

you guys should all come to my house

est best 😤

the east coast reigns superior

[high haven]

actually there was a cool guy from pittsburgh at the conference

[low chasm]

based

[high haven]

DS in the financial legal intersection

[low chasm]

we have good food too

[high haven]

he says hes def coming back to texas

[low chasm]

how is it there

I have a friend who recently moved to Texas

[high haven]

so ill take that as a win

[high haven]

which part? if its not austin, rip them.

[low chasm]

that reminds me, I have no idea where in Texas they are

[high haven]

is it dfw? theres a reason why i moved.

jk

maybe

[jaunty wraith]

what was the reason?

[low chasm]

why they moved?

oh, why rex moved

[young shoal]

wait you're actually

[tardy rain]

Actually what

[young shoal]

visiting?

[high haven]

yeah dude

[young shoal]

why didn't you tell me

[high haven]

not like youll ever visit

so

[tardy rain]

Im not

Yet

The gf is american so ofc i'll have to visit at some point

[young shoal]

once I have a stable income with enough DI to spare

[young shoal]

oh? why are they in UK

[tardy rain]

Studies

And then trapped

[high haven]

yeah you should. and youre making austin a stop. we talked about this.

[young shoal]

many such cases

[tardy rain]

[high haven]

[tardy rain]

It do be like that

[young shoal]

and probably vacation days

which will probably be like 2 years at least

[high haven]

im betting >4 years

someone should set a !reminder, then we shall see

[young shoal]

why don't you visit me then

you're the one with the job

[hearty violet]

why don't u both deposit money on my bank account instead?

[tardy rain]

No me

[high haven]

ew why would i go up there

also get in line

i already have another friend up north who wants me to go up there

but he says hes going to come down here first

so ill wait

(since hes considering moving down here)

[acoustic moss]

hmm ive never met pydis members irl

met people from a different server before

[high haven]

does it count if youve introduced irl people to pydis

or no

[acoustic moss]

lol there might be two or three people like that

[high haven]

ok cool

[acoustic moss]

theyve probably left by now lol

[young shoal]

only one has stuck around, but they're inactive

[acoustic moss]

the other psvm

[young shoal]

you might know them

[acoustic moss]

yeah theyre staff

i forgot their username 💀

aha found

[young shoal]

hah sfoundp

[solemn tulip]

the one person I inducted into pydis...

[young shoal]

I know that's person

[acoustic moss]

is it pajenegod

[solemn tulip]

...enjoys the esopy stuff

[solemn tulip]

yeah

[young shoal]

cool esopy though

[solemn tulip]

(also algos&ds, but that's a given)

[young shoal]

hard or soft boiled egg

[solemn tulip]

depends

what are you doing with it?

[young shoal]

eating it?

[solemn tulip]

as part of something or just a solo egg?

[young shoal]

consider all cases

[solemn tulip]

it depends™️

sandwich or salad, for sure harder

egg on its own, softer is quite nice

in a noodle soup? soft

[young shoal]

what about eggs in general

what form factor is superior

[solemn tulip]

french style scramble is always nice

low temps, ends up very creamy

[young shoal]

anyways the picture had a soft boiled egg but the yolk is solid

[foggy jungle]

Isn't a soft boiled egg with a hard yolk a hard boiled egg?

[solemn tulip]

when you say form factor I think of the egg tubes

[foggy jungle]

Condom eggs!

[young shoal]

yes

[solemn tulip]

soft white hard yolk sounds like a challenge

[foggy jungle]

Damn you thermodynamics

[young shoal]

use radiation the wavelength of the width of the yolk 😤😤

I think microwaves are about that big

[young shoal]

huh

is that a real egg

[solemn tulip]

many eggs presumably

[young shoal]

how do they do that

[tardy rain]

Extract the yolk

[young shoal]

huh

[tardy rain]

Watching hellsing

This guy goofy af

[young shoal]

For consistent slice sizes in food service, several eggs may have their yolk and white separated and poured into a cylindrical mold for stepwise hard-boiling, to produce what is known as a "long egg" or an "egg loaf".
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiled_egg

[high haven]

😦

anyway ive somehow fallen down the YT rabbit hole of weeb + eurobeat music

thanks rem

[solemn tulip]

as one does

no nightcore for the trifecta?

[tardy rain]

gf is stuck somewhere in the midlands

Some mild rain and wind is all it takes to make the train network collapse it seems

[high haven]

oof

how far away is it

how long would it take you to get over there

[tardy rain]

I cant get over there

Its 3h away

[high haven]

bruh

[tardy rain]

I dont have a car, public transport is how we get around

[high haven]

i forgot

guess shes spending the night over there (?)

[tardy rain]

Idk

Its still early

If they start cancelling trains then yea

[high haven]

ah right now its just delayed?

not cancelling yet

?

[tardy rain]

Yea

[high haven]

gotcha

[tardy rain]

Other trains have been cancelled

Hopefully not hers

[high haven]

🤞

[tardy rain]

No one here to make me hot chocy

[high haven]

mar im going to need you to be independent

and make your own hot chocy

[tardy rain]

I have but its not as good

Idk how she does it

[high haven]

why dont you ask her

[tardy rain]

I've seen her make it tons of times

Im too stupid to reproduce it

[high haven]

as the zoomers would say

[young shoal]

bruh

[high haven]

||skill||

||issue||

[tardy rain]

Truly 😔

[young shoal]

give a man hot chocolate he drinks for a day

[high haven]

anyway, one of my friends took almost a full 24 hours to reply to my text

theyre not being invited to the next coffee chat smh

jk

maybe

[young shoal]

they'd just show up late anyway

[tardy rain]

24h late

[high haven]

cancelled

[rugged owl]

Friend be like:

[high haven]

classic

@rugged owl accurate depiction of healthcare data:

[rugged owl]

Speaking of which, so many problems would be solved by having a web UI that forces format. Prevention >

Looking at you insurance

[tardy rain]

Im down to half tests fixed and the sprint ends tomorrow

The joys of software development

[high haven]

correct. upstream data input validation, schema enforcement, etc. is the way to go

and who cooks with their cat on the counter?

arent they afraid of eating cat hair

[young shoal]

me when I send a post request that bypasses frontend data validation

[high haven]

cancelled

[high haven]

yay (?)

🕯️

[tardy rain]

Never

[high haven]

rip mar

remind me to never go into frontend development

[tardy rain]

How do i get out of it tho

[high haven]

uhhhh

i sent you a book

[tardy rain]

Yes

[high haven]

fastapi + data skills > backend/data eng

[tardy rain]

But that means i gotta build projects

[young shoal]

should have paid more attention in school

[high haven]

cant you do what my fullstack friends do

frontend

then start doing more backend

then somehow end up in devops

[tardy rain]

I did ask to do some ops work

[high haven]

literally happened to a fullstack friend of mine after he was working for 5 years

[tardy rain]

But all i did was make more work for myself lmao

[high haven]

since no one wanted to do it

[high haven]

lmao you had to do both?

[tardy rain]

We'll see

Not yet anyway

[young shoal]

devops moment

[high haven]

anyway

[tardy rain]

But i imagine thats how it'll go

[high haven]

hmm everyones gone. guess ill delete.

[young shoal]

😦

[high haven]

you didnt see it?

||thats probably for the best||

jk

its just not as relevant for you

atm

[young shoal]

o

[graceful snow]

Here I am

[granite tree]

Ok, let's start with your original question. What was the question?

[graceful snow]

Whether A = {0, {0, 1}} is an element of B = {0, 1}?

[dusky turret]

ok

in python u can't do {{0}}

[granite tree]

I don't want to give you the answer, I just want you to understand the language here.

[dusky turret]

basically sets aren't hashable

[granite tree]

I think this is more a set theory / maths question, not a python q

[dusky turret]

sorry, go on

[granite tree]

(feel free to continue, I just wanted to share my view)

[graceful snow]

Right, less python and more set theory

[granite tree]

"A is an element of B" means: inside B, you can find an element A.

Like, "Apple" is an element of {Fruit}

[graceful snow]

In this case, the following has to be true, right?

[dusky turret]

i'll just read for now i dont want to stop you

[granite tree]

So, take your question: "A = {0, {0, 1}} is an element of B = {0, 1}"

<terrible example, let me think>

For A to be an element of B, that means you can look at B and find a single element that matches A

Does {0,1} have the (entire exact) element {0, {0,1}}?

[polar galleon]

Think about the sets as bags, A is in B means that if you open the B bag an look inside, you should see something that is identical to A

[graceful snow]

In the following case, I think that A = {0, 1, {2}} is a subset of B = {0, 1}, but not an element, right?

[polar galleon]

B = {0, 1} means the bag B contains two marbles: 0 and 1

[granite tree]

You're reading it backwards: "is a subset of" means A is inside B... not B inside A

[polar galleon]

A = {0, {0, 1}} means A is a bag with one marble 0 and one bag {0,1}

[graceful snow]

Right, I got it

[polar galleon]

So the A bag has another bag inside it

A does not contain a 1 marble.

[dusky turret]

marble 0 i think you've meant

[polar galleon]

thank you, fixed!

[graceful snow]

I'll send you something in 3 minutes. Can you check that for me, whether I have understand the set theory?

[granite tree]

sure, tag me plz

[dusky turret]

u can send it in here

[graceful snow]

@granite tree @dusky turret @polar galleon

[graceful snow]

These are my solutions...

[granite tree]

"No set is an element of itself" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiom_of_regularity

[graceful snow]

Which row?

[polar galleon]

P is powset?

[graceful snow]

Exactly

[polar galleon]

You have an error in the topleft cell

[young shoal]

it means the elements of A are in B

[granite tree]

First cell, you say that {0,1} is a subset of {0,1}.

[dusky turret]

it's possible in python though, well not in sets but u got the idea <- not 100% related

[granite tree]

I mean, you say that {0,1} is an element of {0,1}. A set is not an element of itself.

[granite tree]

(I was trying to use different words because OP was mixed up on the phrasing)

[young shoal]

I thought the confusion over "in" was what got us into this mess 😔

[granite tree]

Oh, I thought it was "of" 🙂

[young shoal]

😩

in any case writing it using just logical symbols would probably remove any ambiguity

[dusky turret]

alright i'll go back to python discussion, good luck guys

[graceful snow]

Why is not A an element of itself?

[polar galleon]

A = {0, 1} (is a bag with two marbles) B = {0, 1} (an identical bag with two marbles)
Is A an element of B? NO, because A is a bag, and there are no bags inside B. @graceful snow

[young shoal]

A in A means there exists an element in A equal to A

technically this is impossible, by definition, but it's a bit complicated

[graceful snow]

How about this?

[granite tree]

Ok, now let's talk about P{{0,1}} element of {0,1}

third row, first column)

[granite tree]

Actually... wait. First row first column: What about B and A? A is a subset of B... but since they're equal, what about the reverse?

[graceful snow]

A is not a subset of B, I guess?

[polar galleon]

Is is, but also B is a subset of A

[granite tree]

Please read https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_theory#:~:text=If all the members of,is a subset of itself.

[graceful snow]

P({0, 1}) is equal to {{0}, {1}, {0, 1}}, so is {0, 1} a subset of {{0}, {1}, {0, 1}}?

[graceful snow]

If B would be a subset of A, this would mean that everything inside the bag of B has to be in the bag of A

[polar galleon]

yes 👍

[graceful snow]

But that is not the case, I think

{{0}, {1}, {0, 1}} cannot be a subset of {0, 1}

[polar galleon]

correct

[graceful snow]

Is {{0}, {1}, {0, 1}} an element of {{0}, {1}, {0, 1}}?

[polar galleon]

No

[graceful snow]

Is this {0, 1, {2}} an element of {0, 1, {2}}?

[jovial oriole]

Cant exist

Set doesnt have hash

error

[granite tree]

You keep asking the same question: We want you to understand the reason so you can make your own decision.

[graceful snow]

It's not about python and programming, but more about the set theory in maths

[jovial oriole]

Oh ok

Just saw

[graceful snow]

I think, it is.

[granite tree]

You're asking: Is a set an element of itself?

Or, is A an element of A?

[jovial oriole]

A set is itself

[granite tree]

To which I replied: "No set is an element of itself" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiom_of_regularity

[graceful snow]

Is it like, the same set has to be in the same set again, like {0, 1, {2}} --> {{0, 1, {2}}}

[granite tree]

The left hand there is an element of the right hand side.

[graceful snow]

What about my final answers? Do they look clean?

[granite tree]

... sorry, I'm tired. one sec

Ok, let's talk about third row first column.

Is P{{0,1}} an element of {0,1}?

[graceful snow]

You mean is {0,1} an element of P({0, 1})?

[granite tree]

I'm repeating what you wrote. You write A element of B. Which is: "P{{0,1}} an element of {0,1}"

[graceful snow]

Okay, I think it is not an element since the bag of B has no bags inside?

[civic pasture]

A⊆B if and only if every element of A is an element of B.

[granite tree]

tag you're it :), i need to go eat

[graceful snow]

Was my answer correct?

[civic pasture]

Which one?

[polar galleon]

I'll also have to leave, time to sleep 🪥

[graceful snow]

I think that P{{0,1}} is not an element of {0,1}

[young shoal]

that is correct

[civic pasture]

Isn’t that a power set?

[graceful snow]

Yes, it is

[civic pasture]

What are the rules of power sets

Set A = {1,2,3}
Subsets of set A = {}, {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,3}, {1,2,3}
Power set P(A) = { {}, {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,3}, {1,2,3} }

Based on your question set A is actually a subset of the power set A

Well it’s an element

[graceful snow]

But in this case, P{{0,1}} is not a subset of {0,1}, whereas {0, 1} is a subset of P{{0,1}}

[civic pasture]

In the subset

P is not a subset

P is the power set

A is a subset in P

[graceful snow]

Right 👍

[civic pasture]

Yus

[graceful snow]

Do you mind controling this for me?

[civic pasture]

Looks good to me imo

[civic pasture]

What do you think

[young shoal]

idk what the colors mean

[graceful snow]

It's just a differentiation of "subset of " and "element of"

[polar galleon]

It's incorrect

In similar ways as before

[polar galleon]

You have to be more strict/careful, don't intermix subset and element in

[civic pasture]

What do you mean?

Power set of A = {0,1} contains 2^2= 4 elements or subsets.

[polar galleon]

The power set ℘(A) is the collection of all the subsets of A. Thus, the elements in ℘(A) are subsets of A. One of these subsets is the set A itself. Hence, A itself appears as an element in ℘(A), and we write A∈℘(A) to describe this membership.

But, A is not a subset of ℘(A)

(https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Combinatorics_and_Discrete_Mathematics/A_Spiral_Workbook_for_Discrete_Mathematics_(Kwong)/04%253A_Sets/4.02%253A_Subsets_and_Power_Sets%23:~:text%3DThe%2520power%2520set%2520%25E2%2584%2598(A,A)%2520to%2520describe%2520this%2520membership.&ved=2ahUKEwjch-bXqKaCAxU5FxAIHXtBDtAQFnoECBAQBQ&usg=AOvVaw3mriraw_Hg25yPjsmnarbE)

[civic pasture]

Then the power set is the element of A?

[graceful snow]

Have I done a mistake?

[civic pasture]

@polar galleon knows better

1. No set is an element of itself. ( But nothing prevents a set from being an element of another set).

(2) Every set is a subset of itself, every set is included in itself. ( Take any set, say {a, b,c}. Can you see an element of the set {a, b,c} that is not an element of the set {a, b,c}? Of course not! So the set {a, b,c} passes the test of inclusion, relatively to itself: the set {a, b,c} is a subset of the set {a, b,c}, that is to say, of itself. I said subset, not member!)

(3) Every set is an element of its power set .

Explanation :

(a) If a set X is a subset of a set Y, then X is an element of the power set of Y.

(b) But, the set Y is itself a subset of Y ( itself), because of law (2) above.

(c) Therefore, the set Y is an element of its own power set.

[graceful snow]

Alright, but where exactly is my mistake?

[civic pasture]

I assume A is not a subset

P(A) is the element of A

[graceful snow]

Which row and column?

[civic pasture]

I’m not saying which one is wrong

Honestly I forgot set rules @polar galleon

I’m just saying as a fact that if A is {0, 1} and B is P({0,1})

B is an element of A

[graceful snow]

But also A is an element of B, right?

The set of A {0, 1} is an element of the powerset of P(A)

[granite tree]

https://proofwiki.org/wiki/Set_is_Element_of_its_Power_Set#:~:text=1 Theorem-,Theorem,S∈P(S)

[civic pasture]

🥲

but they said thats wrong @granite tree

😢

[granite tree]

Isn't that backwards?

Since: P({0,1}) = {{}, {0}, {1}, {0,1}}

[civic pasture]

you are right

[barren elbow]

what’s a powerset

is it just every possible combination of all elements of the set

[civic pasture]

no its the set that contains the subset of a set @barren elbow

[barren elbow]

aren’t there multiple subsets of one set

[gritty zinc]

yeah

[civic pasture]

empty set is not a combination tho @gritty zinc

[barren elbow]

oh i see what you mean, sorry

[civic pasture]

yet its still in Powerset

[barren elbow]

it’s the set that contains all possible subsets of a set

[civic pasture]

YES DEAR

YOU GOT IT

[gritty zinc]

(if you have a set of n elements, there are 2^n possible subsets of it (because for each element, you may pick it or not). the set of all of these is the powerset)

[civic pasture]

guys whats the best Markdown app?

[barren elbow]

so the cardinality of a power set is always 2^ of the cardinality of the original set

[barren elbow]

depends for what purpose

[civic pasture]

for code highlighing

I wanna take notes

[barren elbow]

i haven’t done enough markdown to be qualified enough to answer i’m afraid

you could just use github

[gritty zinc]

you can use, like, vscode too

[barren elbow]

oh yeah

[civic pasture]

uh

vscode is basically a code editor

i want it look more professional

[barren elbow]

you will have to write your markdown in some format of text editor though

[gritty zinc]

alternatively check out something like obsidian

[civic pasture]

okay

[bright grove]

or just have a discord server

[civic pasture]

thank yu so much

Obsidian is amazin @gritty zinc

its gorgeous @bright grove

[bright grove]

yeah but

discord server

i have a private discord server for note taking

[uneven pine]

With discords new expiry crap I don't trust it

Plus I don't want my notes scanned and used for AI training

[low chasm]

handwritten notes 😤

[uneven pine]

Yikes

[vale raven]

https://tenor.com/view/chuckles-im-in-danger-ralph-wiggum-the-simpsons-gif-14149962

[uneven pine]

Can't embed a YouTube video in a handwritten note

[low chasm]

no but you can copy down the transcript 😤

[uneven pine]

Also printing out all the art would be very expensive and wasteful

[low chasm]

guess it depends, then. I prefer all the notetaking I do for school handwritten

don't handwriting notes also benefit your ability to recall the information

[young shoal]

compared to typing, yes

[grave cove]

so true

[wanton delta]

cleaning up data from a <table></table> in a webpage is fun 😄
😄

[civic pasture]

Beautiful am I rite

[civic pasture]

@grizzled estuary

[grizzled estuary]

Oh that is cool

Good for technical writing

[civic pasture]

Hell yeah

[wanton delta]

that's cool

i love obsidian's graph view though
and i structure my notes so that i can see the bigger picture.
which means

md files scattered everywhere

often these md files only have a line or two in it lol

[civic pasture]

Obsidian to the moon @wanton delta

[polar galleon]

Why would a combination of 0 elements not be a combination?

[rough sapphire]

meow meow

[cursive salmon]

all the definitions involve having 1 or more elements

[thin cloak]

Woof woof

[solemn tulip]

math doesn't agree

[cursive salmon]

idk about math

I just searched the definition

[hearty violet]

an empty set is still a set

also no one looks at language grammar for technical definitions

you'll get a lot of casual usages

when certain fields use a word for a very specific thing

[glossy niche]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combination this is the definition we want

and its rigorously defined in the litererature and theres a lot of agreement on how its defined

[cursive salmon]

let me read that

[civic pasture]

Omg are you a dinosaur @cursive salmon

[cursive salmon]

yeah

[civic pasture]

😁

[civic pasture]

How can an empty set be a combination on {1,2}?

🤨

[young shoal]

it is a combination of 0 elements

[civic pasture]

How many different combinations can you make with 2 3 and 4

[young shoal]

2^3

[civic pasture]

Can you make a 000?

Or an empty combination

[solemn tulip]

00
01
10
11

[civic pasture]

No I’m talking about 2 3 4

[solemn tulip]

oh I saw the {1, 2}

yeah

[civic pasture]

They say empty set is a combination of {1,2}

[solemn tulip]

you can think of this as a bunch of bits saying take/don't take

[civic pasture]

That’s bits tho

[young shoal]

it's isomorphic to a combination

if you have a set of n elements you can represent subsets of it using an n bit number

[solemn tulip]

{2, 3, 4}

000 -> {}
100 -> {2}
010 -> {3}
001 -> {4}
110 -> {2, 3}
011 -> {3, 4}
101 -> {2, 4}
111 -> {2, 3, 4}

yeah, it's another way to interpret combinations

[civic pasture]

That’s specific to sets tho

[solemn tulip]

so...what are you asking about?

[civic pasture]

I dunno if I would say combination definition applies to that

[solemn tulip]

[young shoal]

[civic pasture]

Combination is definite as nCr

[solemn tulip]

picking stuff from a set, yes

[acoustic moss]

and u can put r = 0

[solemn tulip]

nCk corresponds to n bit numbers with k bits set

[civic pasture]

Do combinations of 2 and 3 @acoustic moss

Using the formula

[acoustic moss]

what formula

theres 2 things

theres nCr(2, 0) = 1 ways to pick 0 things

which is {}

[civic pasture]

C (6,2)= 6!/(2! * (6-2)!) = 6!/(2! * 4!) = 15 Possible Prize Combinations

The 15 potential combinations are {1,2}, {1,3}, {1,4}, {1,5}, {1,6}, {2,3}, {2,4}, {2,5}, {2,6}, {3,4}, {3,5}, {3,6}, {4,5}, {4,6}, {5,6}

[solemn tulip]

huh?

[acoustic moss]

thats number of ways to pick 2 things from 6

[civic pasture]

Let’s pick 1 out of 2 then

[acoustic moss]

we're picking 0 out of n

[solemn tulip]

n!/((n-0)! 0!) = 1

[civic pasture]

I think I’m talking about permutations

[stark prawn]

!e

import math
print(math.comb(2, 0))```

[royal lake]

@stark prawn :white_check_mark: Your 3.12 eval job has completed with return code 0.

1

[acoustic moss]

dang theres no comb emoji

[civic pasture]

Permutation is not combination

[ruby fox]

🪮🪮

[solemn tulip]

what you listed here are not the permutations

[civic pasture]

It is

[stark prawn]

!e

import math
print(math.perm(2, 0))```

[royal lake]

@stark prawn :white_check_mark: Your 3.12 eval job has completed with return code 0.

1

[stark prawn]

still 1

[civic pasture]

! Is permutation

[solemn tulip]

no, permutations care about order

[ruby fox]

! Is factorial...

[solemn tulip]

you would have both {1, 2} and {2, 1} picked

[civic pasture]

A permutation is essentially an ordered combination, except the total length of each permutation must equal the original input.
Finding all permutations of a string is sort of the same as saying "find all anagrams of a string" (except our permutations might not all be real words).
There are two types of permutation: with repetition & without repetition.
Simple permutation example: "AB" has 2 permutations: "AB" and "BA".

When dealing with strings, often we refer to subsets as combinations. The idea is the same as subsets:
"AB" has 2^2 combinations (as there are 2 characters). So all 4 combinations of "AB" are: {}, {'A'}, {'B'}, {'A', 'B'}

[solemn tulip]

yeah, in your listing the first element is < the second

[solemn tulip]

those are combinations since you reject the other ordering

[civic pasture]

So I was talking about permutations when I said {} is not in {1,2}

😂

I got them confused

[solemn tulip]

wdym by "is in"?

[civic pasture]

Like you can’t create distinct combinations with 1,2 using {}