historyfanxz1e

[quartz root]

Please be patient

Our volunteers look into many questions every day; sometimes it takes them a little while to answer.

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Make it descriptive, including relevant context, but also to the point. This way you improve your chances of getting a more relevant and specific answer.

[iron crag]

let's start with the latter

you're aware of how "le/la/les" work?

the article changes based on the gender and number of the following noun

well that behaviour is not only for "le/la/les" but any article or possessive pronoun or whatever introducing a noun.
so when you want to say "my", you really have to check whether that noun is masculine, feminine, plural
mon frère => my brother (because frère is masculine)
ma sœur => my sister (because sœur is feminine)
mes parents => my parents (because parents is plural)

[knotty kite]

In this case, de/d' is being used as of. So "It is the dog of Philippe". You can see this in older English too, for example "The book of Paul". De has multiple uses though

[edgy sphinx]

I see

[gilded plank]

And there are only 3 words for "my", mon, ma, and mes, so I'm not sure where you got the fourth from

[inner seal]

Le mien, la mienne, les miens, les miennes

[knotty kite]

Le mien is more mine than my. And they're the masculine singular, feminine singular, masculine plural and feminine plural