#History

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icy bison
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Uhhhhh basically "a lot"

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šŸ¤£

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That one I don't know, actually šŸ‘€

slim rampart
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John Adams said 2nd July I think

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For what it's worth I believe the last Founding Father died in 1832

red moth
red moth
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@digital sandal Just bought this book about famous "street people" in Amsterdam 1900-1940

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digital sandal
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One of my favorite movies is a 1933 film called "Lady for a Day" that has a lot of well known street people from Los Angeles.

red moth
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This books has alot of pictures and illustrations of sellers, beggars, an performers. I hope they had official names too, than I'll try to add them to Wikitree. Love these celebs that arnt know for a profession etc

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Also bought a book about "Music in the Dutch army" as one of my mother's ancestors was a piper. Hope to learn more

red moth
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@digital sandal An 1875 Dutch magazine talking about designes for turning the Zuiderzee into land

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digital sandal
red moth
red moth
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I'm watching a show about the first female lawyer in Italy, which makes me wonder: who was the first female lawyer in your countries?

woeful pawn
quartz shell
meager ivy
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Both https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga_Petit and https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanne_Chauvin are cited.

Chauvin asked to take the bar first in the 1890s, but the law prohibited women to do so, and she fought for a change of law. When it happened in 1900, Olga Petit was sworn in a few days before Jeanne Chauvin, but the latter was the first to actually go to court.

Olga Petit

Sophie Balachowsky-Petit, dite Olga Petit, nĆ©e Ć  Korsoun (Empire russe) le 16 mars 1870 et morte Ć  Paris 16e le 2 juin 1966, est la premiĆØre femme en France Ć  prĆŖter le serment dā€™avocat, le 6 dĆ©cembre 1900, prĆ©cĆ©dant de quelques jours Jeanne Chauvin et Marguerite Dilhan, qui prĆŖte serment en 1903. AprĆØs la rĆ©volution russe de 1917,...

Jeanne Chauvin

Jeanne Chauvin est une avocate et fƩministe franƧaise nƩe Ơ Jargeau dans le dƩpartement franƧais du Loiret le 22 avril 1862 et morte le 27 septembre 1926 Ơ Provins dans le dƩpartement franƧais de Seine-et-Marne.
Elle est la premiĆØre femme Ć  plaider comme avocate en France en 1901.

midnight girder
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In Argentina these two are commemorated, they graduated in 1909 and 1911 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marƭa_AngƩlica_Barreda https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celia_Tapias

Marƭa AngƩlica Barreda

MarĆ­a AngĆ©lica Barreda (15 May 1887 ā€“ 21 July 1963) became in 1910 the first woman admitted to practice law in Argentina. She graduated from the National University of La Plata, receiving her degree on 28 December 1909.
in 2023, at the University of Buenos Aires, commemorative plaques were erected to remember two significant female lawyers i...

Celia Tapias

Celia Tapias (born in the city of Buenos Aires on 21 December 1885, died there on 28 November 1964) was the first female lawyer to practice law in the City of Buenos Aires and the second in her country.

red moth
meager ivy
red moth
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But I think part of that comes from that we already had the discussion of women going to Uni. And first female doctor etc. I think saying "women can't be lawyers" would than have been a weird step

meager ivy
forest chasm
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In the Dominican Republic, a woman named Ana Teresa Paredas was the first female lawyer. It doesn't say when.

The first woman in the Dominican Republic to graduate with a law degree was Minerva Mirabal (one of three Mirabal Sisters). She was denied the right to practice as an attorney though.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerva_Mirabal_Reyes

The Three Mirabal Sisters were three sisters that formed a resistance group with their family against the dicator Trujilo. Trujillo ||has his police assassinate the three and covered it up as a car accident. This caused his downfall soon after as the country saw this as one of the worst things he had done.|| There's a city that was renamed to Las Tres Mirabals in their honor.

Minerva Mirabal Reyes

MarĆ­a Minerva Mirabal Reyes (March 12, 1926 - November 25, 1960), or Minerva, was a Dominican political activist and revolutionary. She was the third of the Mirabal sisters, Minerva and her sisters began to speak out against the oppressive dictatorship of Generalissimo Rafael Leonidas Trujillo and conducted clandestine activities against his re...

red moth
digital sandal
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Any Ruth Goodman fans here? Looks like she's starting a new special on Tudor life, which is exciting.

slim rampart
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Yesterday was a pretty important day in my area, it marked 75 years since the Knockshinnoch disaster, trapping over a hundred men in the mines. My great-granduncle was apparently one of the first rescue men who got through to the trapped men. It was in the papers today, and there is apparently two survivors still going today!

woeful pawn
quartz shell
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Interesting why he wrote the letter mostly in English šŸ¤”

red moth
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@sharp rune I'm currently reading up on an English ship that sank in the Indies near Banda in the 1840sšŸ‘€

red moth
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@sharp rune

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sinful cobalt
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i've been enjoying free podcasts and youtube documentaries from history hit, here's a code for half off a year. it has more to watch

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woeful pawn
red moth
forest chasm
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Random question:

At what point did Europe have the most ā€œcountriesā€ in its history that we know of? Like, including empires, countries, kingdoms, city-states, etc. I assume sometime between when the Roman Empire fell and when Germany/Prussia all came together.

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Like the opposite of how in the 1870s, Germany/Prussia was all together, Italy became Italy, the Russian Empire and Ottoman Empire were still big and had big chunks in Europe.

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I guess a better way to word it would be, at what point in its history did Europe have the most independent states, or something like that.

midnight girder
clever aurora
midnight girder
subtle portal
forest chasm
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Are all of the red spots thrown around the middle/south all part of the same entity? Or did they run out of colors?

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Oh wait, the colors actually mean something for all of them

midnight girder
forest chasm
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What's EU5?

subtle portal
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Europa Universalis 5

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im not going to lie and say i haven't pulled up the voltaire's nightmare mod on eu4 a couple times to get a basis for HRE borders in the past re: historical place names

violet remnant
midnight girder
sharp rune
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is the mod that accurate?

red moth
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So for all the military experts: I just looked at a record that says the Dutch red cross in 1917 wrote down the statement that 2710 Austro-Hungarian POW's had to perform forced labor on Borneo. Anyone any idea what they are refering too?

rigid yoke
woeful pawn
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Yeah, I'm wondering if it's an abbreviation that was mistranslated. Austro-Hungarian POWs in Borneo makes no sense. Maybe Boryslav?

quartz shell
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i tried to search in Hungarian language sources ( adt.arcanum.com etc) and i haven't found any mention of pows in Borneo either.

red moth
red moth
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Nopens 2710 Oostenrijksch Hongaarsche krijgsgevangenen die op Borneo slaven..ten zouden verrichten

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Meaning

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"Regarding 2710 Austro-Hungarian prisoners of war who were to perform slave (labor?) on Borneo "

red moth
quartz shell
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maybe somehow from the Russian Far-East some Austro-Hungarian POW-s were transported there? but why

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there were Austro-Hungarian artillerymen who fought against the British in Palestine but then again i'm not sure even their total numbers was that high, and i don't think they were captured

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i thought maybe civilian citizens who were interned? but ur source explicitly mentions pows as i understand

red moth
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I would need to go to Den Haag to see all the letters related to this. I think the original letter is from 1917, but the minister only took a dicision on the matter in 1927, so the question is "What did they want, and why was the minister making a dicission about it 10 years later"

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I believe I also saw a bit about Romanian POW's too, but havent looked much into that either

quartz shell
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if you will find the name of an actual pow then from the Austro-Hungarian casualty lists we can maybe figure out where was he captured

quartz shell
red moth
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Although NL being Neutral, if that is also Red Cross stuff, maybe there was a gathering point after the war, but not sure

red moth
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Now that i think of it, a "Oostenrijk-Hongaarse krijgsgevangenen" can either mean that they were taken or that they were people taken by A-H.

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Oke from the one other source I have online, the matter was also send to the Residents of the two sides of Dutch Borneo

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But this revers back to stuff about those Romanians again, so maybe the whole bit was about Romanians being POW's by A-H, which wasnt true, but If the red cross says it, idk...weird

quartz shell
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(Borneo and Celebes, it was Hungarian and it will be Hungarian)

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||i think it is just an ironic mocking of interwar Hungarian irredentist slogans||

red moth
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Oke so the last mention I can find regarding this is "there are no Romanian POWs in the Indies" under the topic "Austria-Hungary", which is very confising. I need to check the agenda

quartz shell
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as it was a thing that entente powers recruited from among the dissatisfied minority pows

red moth
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But why would the red cross send a letter about it in 1917, and than in 1927 they GG is like "No, they dont exist"

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But if indeed, Noone like that was ever there, than thats just one strange rumor they had

red moth
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Sorry btw, if this all turnes out to be that the Dutch Ministry of Colonies just saw Ghosts

rigid yoke
red moth
red moth
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(of the Dutch East Indies)

red moth
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Staying with WWI, from the mail reports send to Den Haag from Batavia, I can now more follow the anti-English stance of the Indies government (from what I see, a bunch of English ships would stop Dutch ships and steal their mail)

crisp furnace
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For anyone who's a fan of NYC Pre-War apartments (or building history in general) https://www.instagram.com/p/DN0Wgft2mVg/?hl=en

notenoughangers

So many of the most impressive prewar apts in NYC were chopped up in the 1950s to appeal to midcentury buyers wanting a simpler way of life. Here are some of my favorites ā€” but if you want more, I did a full deep dive on how and why many prewar apts met the wrecking ball in my newsletter, which you can read for free in my bio. #prewar #nyc #up...

Likes

713

Instagram
digital sandal
crisp furnace
digital sandal
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I usually try to live in pre-war if I can because they're better builds. And it's really fun to look up some of the places I've lived and see what the apartment originally was.

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I love looking up my ancestor's apartments as well.

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You can look at StreetEasy to see what it is now a lot of the time also

red moth
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Did anyone see the news that they discovered someome had a tattoo on a 17th century Dutch paintingšŸ‘€

sonic lion
red moth
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Its so cool to see

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I just imagine he had like a large dragon on his back haha

chilly pagoda
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Hey! Are there somebody interested in Celtic heritage of Europe?

hardy pollen
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My newest read!

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sinful cobalt
snow granite
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I love the hell out of this documentary. The narrator is going out of his way to rip these poor girls apart and they're just living their lives, having a great time in London https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EpBjKXQun7k

I especially like the girl who "has no one special in her life, and one boyfriend."

YouTube
BBC Archive
1965: A Flatshare in London | Man Alive | Classic Documentary | BBC...

"4th Girl wanted, 28-ish, to share new centrally-heated Bayswater flat."

For many bachelor girls working in a big city like London, there is probably only one answer to the high rents - to share a flat with other girls. Every day hundreds of girls scan the advertisements for a flat to share.

Man Alive meets a typical group of London housemates...

ā–¶ Play video
meager ivy
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I know itā€™s not supposed to be funny and itā€™s jarring misogynist but itā€™s so much it becomes ridiculous

snow granite
forest chasm
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Y'all, Kurzgesagt the science channel has a History channel now šŸ‘€
https://youtu.be/y2lkVlB96y4

YouTube
Nightshift ā€“ Kurzgesagt After Dark
The Most Powerful Pirate In History

She commanded 1,800 ships, led tens of thousands of pirates, and forced an empire to negotiate.
This is the story of Zheng Yi Sao, the most powerful pirate in history. From her rise to power to the floating pirate confederation that ruled the South China Sea, we're exploring how one woman reshaped trade, war, and authority in the early 19th cent...

ā–¶ Play video
spark lynx
twin flame
red moth
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Dutch election map from 1905, when we still used voting districts

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red moth
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I think that one was won by the Catholic party

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Also what's relevant to know is that the Netherlands pre-1940 had what we call Verzuiling (pilarization?) where society was basically devide across 4 political ideologies (Librals, Social-Democrats, Catholics and Protestants). This didn't just mean you voted that way, but you often also went to a baker, read the newspaper and went to the school that aligned with that idealogy

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The sort of pinical people like to bring up is that there was even a "Catholic Goat-breaders association"

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What's also important to know is that not everyone was allowed to vote. You needed to pay a certain amount of taxes. This, especially early on, meant that mostly the upper class could vote, who mostly voted Liberal. The 1891 election shows this perfectly

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Oh and the elections were pretty frequent as you would have only half or 1 third of the members of parlement resign

red moth
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Might be a bit random, but anyone able to find what a Northon pump/pipe is? I see it was used in Zeeland in the 19th century, and it was said to be American. Only other thing I could find was that using these pumps for drinking water helped win a colonial war. Mention was between like 1850 and 1880. Really hoping to find out what these things looked like and how they worked

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And ofcourse right as I typ this, I find what I'm looking for

red moth
red moth
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Found this interesting document from 1839 Elmina (in modern day Ghana) about an American captain complaining that two sailors, one from Virginia the other from Maine left the ship

red moth
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So as a kid, there was I time I found the American Civil War pretty interesting, but never got what was going on with Oklahoma and especially New Mexico and Arizona being cut like this being sort of part of the South

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jolly cove
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The whole Southwest US has a fascinating history thatā€™s overlooked even in US history classes. I highly recommend reading up on it

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Oh and Oklahoma at that time was called Indian Territory, itā€™s where a lot of the eastern Native tribes (and later Great Plains tribes) were forcibly resettled in the early 1800sā€”look up the Trail of Tears.

red moth
red moth
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Was it there that some tribes fought for the CSA, or was that in one of the other states?

jolly cove
# red moth So why was it part of the confederation and how did the current states and up di...

Thatā€™s a looot of history that I donā€™t actually know šŸ˜… @icy bison might though.
The entire continent of North America as you probably know wasnā€™t the English. You know the Dutch settled New York first, Iā€™m sureā€”the French, Spanish, even the Russians had claims. Spanish mostly in the south (Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico areas, and the American Southwest and California), French mostly in the north (northern Great Plains and Canada) and inner major waterways (like the Mississippi), the English and Dutch on the east coast, and the Russians in Alaska. Itā€™s just that over time, the English (and of course after 1776, the Americans) kept winning most of the wars they needed to fill out the middle of the continent šŸ˜…
I highly recommend reading up on New Spain and the early decades of the state of Mexico. Itā€™s a fascinating history. Do you know about the Alamo?

red moth
jolly cove
# red moth So Oklahoma mostly has a native population?

Not anymore. As with most of the US, it depends where you are. As for Oklahoma specificallyā€¦ Iā€™m trying to figure out how far in depth I can go without wandering into rule 5 politics territory šŸ˜…
Today only about 10% of Oklahomans are Native. Its status as a reservation ended in 1906. After that, Native reservations slowly shrank to what they are today.
For Oklahoma, a lot of Native land (especially held by the Osage) was seized by white settlers, many of whom did so for oil/mining. Killers of the Flower Moon is a recent movie that explores this.

jolly cove
# red moth I meant why did this strip in Red join the CSA and why are New Mexico and Arizon...

Ah, okay. Honestly no idea. Honestly with the states that achieved statehood during homestead times (look up the Homestead Act), if enough counties in a territory had a large enough population they could apply for statehood. Hence why thereā€™s North and South Dakota now, while the eastern and western portions of both states have much more culturally and economically in common with each other.
For New Mexico/Arizona specifically it looks like the CSA claimed the land in the south of both territories where they had strongholds. And then the territory boundaries were restored after the war.

red moth
red moth
red moth
icy bison
red moth
icy bison
icy bison
red moth
icy bison
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(But yeah he is not well liked in mexico or the usa now)

icy bison
red moth
icy bison
red moth
icy bison
red moth
icy bison
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Eh, fair. (I generally define the south as including the eastern shore of Maryland, though, as it's super southern, lmao. Which is amusing given my only folks there moved south to Georgia, ope.)

red moth
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I did wish I knew more about Mexico, always thought it was an interesting country

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Like I do know they abolished slavery quite some years before the US, and that that's part of the reason why American immigrants to Texas wanted it to break away

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Did you have Mexican ancestry Ethan?

icy bison
icy bison
icy bison
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(And Bustamante's basically forcing Guerrero out of office in a coup is what led to Santa Anna taking office, actually)

red moth
red moth
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Apparently, the Netherlands had good relations with Mexico after independence, with the exception of a 14 year period after the death of Maximilian, because the Mexican president wasn't happy we thought his rule was legitimate

red moth
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Today I learned that this man, Johannes de Graaff, played an important role in the American revolutionary war. He was the commander of the Dutch island of Saint Eustatius, through which the US bought 50% of its firearms, and the island was used to get money into the US aswell. It was him who ordered to salute a ship flying the American flag in 1776, which was unofficially a recognition of the US as a state. His actions did however result into the English briefly taking the island in the 4th Anglo-Dutch war

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red moth
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Apparently, he was asked to come back to Den Haag, but for 2 years he kept making excuses. And when he got there, they were like "dude, you did fine" haha

red moth
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I also just wanna make clear that, whilst he was important, he was also a terrible person for obvious reasons

midnight girder
red moth
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I mean I don't care, but we didn't win this one

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It was so bad, the only battle we did do oke at was declared a victory by both sides, which tells you how bad it was haha

midnight girder
# red moth It was so bad, the only battle we did do oke at was declared a victory by both s...

This one? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Dogger_Bank_(1781)

Battle of Dogger Bank (1781)

The Battle of Dogger Bank was a naval battle on 5 August 1781 during the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War, contemporaneously related to the American Revolutionary War, in the North Sea. It was a bloody encounter between a British squadron under Vice Admiral Sir Hyde Parker and a Dutch squadron under Vice Admiral Johan Zoutman, both of which were escorting...

icy bison
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I actually did not remember y'all (nl) were involved in our revolutionary war somewhat, ope

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I remember the Spanish and French obviously bc genealogy šŸ¤£

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(Also bc Lafayette, GalvƩz, et al.)

midnight girder
# icy bison I actually did not remember y'all (nl) were involved in our revolutionary war so...

From what I know the closest link our revolutionary war had to the Dutch was him (father born on the nl):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico_de_Brandsen

Federico de Brandsen

Carlos Luis Federico de Brandsen (Paris, November 28, 1785 ā€“ Battle of ItuzaingĆ³, February 20, 1827) was a Colonel of French origin who fought in many of the South American wars of independence and for Argentina in the War with Brazil.

red moth
icy bison
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The Spanish also just fully invaded British Florida šŸ¤£

red moth
red moth
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I mean the Americans did return the favor after 1795 by letting us use American ships to do trade with China and Japan, to gaslight them into thinking NL hadnt fallen into enemy hands

red moth
icy bison
# icy bison The Spanish also just fully invaded British Florida šŸ¤£

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Coast_campaign the wikipedia article on this

Gulf Coast campaign

The Gulf Coast campaign or the Spanish conquest of West Florida in the American Revolutionary War, was a series of military operations primarily directed by the governor of Spanish Louisiana, Bernardo de GƔlvez, against the British province of West Florida. Begun with operations against British positions on the Mississippi River shortly after B...

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(ESM actually has a dramatization of some of this in her book Isle of Canes.)

icy bison
midnight girder
red moth
red moth
# icy bison https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Coast_campaign the wikipedia article on this

Oh interesting. I saw some Wikitree projects about the American Revolution, and who could count as involved, but not quite sure if we count militairy speaking, as we never got there. But historically, yes for sure. Also I remember my teacher saying "The big winners of the American Revolution were the US and Britain", US for obvious reasons, Britain because they gained a bunch of colonial territories and rights from the French and Dutch

red moth
midnight girder
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PS: Just remembered a little link I have to the Netherlands... grandpa crossed the ocean aboard this ship in 1961:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boissevain_(Schiff)

Boissevain (Schiff)

Das Motorschiff Boissevain war ein frachtfahrendes Passagierschiff der Koninklijke Java-China-Paketvaart Lijnen (KJCPL). Von 1942 bis 1947 wurde sie wie ihre Schwesterschiffe als Truppentransporter eingesetzt. Das bei Blohm & Voss in Hamburg gebaute Schiff wurde nach Ć¼ber dreiƟig Jahren im Einsatz 1968 in Kaohsiung (Taiwan) abgebrochen.

icy bison
red moth
midnight girder
# red moth Oh the Indies, I wonder after which Boissevain it's named

(1) M.S. Boissevain:
The first of the trio was the MS Boissevain and she was built in Hamburg Germany by Blohm & Voss who also constructed her three Sulzer Diesel Engines to drive her triple screws. This ship was named after Mr. Jan Boissevain (1836 - 1904), who was one of the founders of KPM, the others being Mr. W Ruys and Mr. P E Tegelberg, thus this trio, being the companies largest ever combination liners ever!

red moth
red moth
icy bison
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Ironically some of the very folks fighting for them were major revolutionaries šŸ¤£

midnight girder
icy bison
red moth
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Talking about Venezuela

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There were two men from CuraƧao who were involved in their war for independence. I believe they knew Bolivar well

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Luis BriĆ³n - Wikipedia https://share.google/HbKhZMiCbVBkk4LgT

Luis BriĆ³n

Felipe Luis BriĆ³n Detrox (July 6, 1782, CuraƧao ā€“ September 27, 1821, CuraƧao) was a military officer who fought in the Venezuelan War of Independence. He rose to the rank of admiral in the navies of Venezuela and the old Republic of Colombia.

snow igloo
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I heard Venezuela, my presence has been summoned

red moth
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Manuel Piar - Wikipedia https://share.google/om99IKGIMw7i003mz

Manuel Piar

Manuel Carlos MarĆ­a Francisco Piar GĆ³mez (April 28, 1774 ā€“ October 16, 1817) was General-in-Chief of the army fighting Spain during the Venezuelan War of Independence.

snow igloo
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Oh yeah these names seem familiar

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Especially Piar

red moth
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Both were of Spanish decent however, so not just some random CuraƧaose

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However, NL is also partially responsible for Gomez getting to power in (was it 1905).

snow igloo
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19th century Venezuela was a shitshow after independence lol

red moth
# snow igloo Which one is NL? Trying to remember

Netherlands. Around 1900, Venezuela did something like refuse to port. (tbf, CuraƧao was a hub for everything that wanted the Venezuelan government gone. So bad that Venezuelan rebels took the governor hostage, who than had to resign). NL I guess felt strong, and send like 3 boats to the capital. Than Gomez came to power and reverted the now polacy

snow igloo
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Ah, yeah that crisis

snow igloo