info winternaht7
#botchannel
median walrus
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median walrus
info habridgeman
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коля#0666 has skipped the song.
topaz crane
😃
tender trellis
play katyusha
frank lichen
gr Grammar
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❌ Bad argument: group is a required argument that is missing.
frank lichen
group grammar
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Grammar.
desert mural
@tender trellis Hallo. Roles such as Learning German and Levels A-C are self-assigned. You can remove the role with >rr Learning German
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Gaming.
tender trellis
group reading
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Reading.
tender trellis
group Native Speaker
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❌ Bad argument: Group "Native Speaker" not found.
tender trellis
oh man haha
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Python.
❌ Bad argument: group is a required argument that is missing.
❌ Bad argument: Group "all" not found.
❌ Bad argument: Group "java" not found.
desert mural
@frank elbow You can also use a bot command >faq beginner to see a list of grammar topics for beginners.
frank elbow
Danke!
desert mural
faq beginner
main arrowBOT
How to get started
The simplest way to learn German is to find topics you don’t understand yet and search for explanations of them. This list provides you with a guide for which topics to learn if you are completely new to German. Type the topic into Google (or YouTube) and start learning!
Introduction
1: Alphabet (especially ä, ü, ö and ß)
2: Basic greetings (hello, goodbye, etc.)
Part 1 - Simple Sentence
1: Noun gender & plurals
2: Nominative case (What are cases?)
3: Nominative pronouns (I, you, he, she, etc.)
4: Verbs in present tense
5: Definite/indefinite articles
6: Accusative case (for nouns)
7: Accusative pronouns
8: Word order of simple sentences
9: How to ask questions
Tips
- Always learn the gender of a noun when you learn a new noun
- Learn to use a translation dictionary (e.g. dict.cc, leo.org)
- Use
>faq resourcesto see our list of German learning resources - For listening and pronunciation practice, try watching movies or videos (incl. YouTube)
- You can listen to pronunciation for words on websites like dict.cc, forvo.com, and others
- Practice writing sentences every day (and asking people to correct them)
- Ask as many questions as possible
- Don’t be scared to make mistakes!!!! If you don’t let yourself make mistakes, you will never be able to learn German
main arrowBOT
:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Gaming.
wet locust
group Science
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Science.
tender trellis
ex all
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hollow cape
groups all
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topaz salmon
group Food
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Food.
topaz salmon
group Python
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Python.
proper ibex
ex all
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tender trellis
group Gaming
main arrowBOT
:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Gaming.
main arrowBOT
❌ Bad argument: Group "nerd" not found.
tender trellis
Nvm
cobalt cove
getrole
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main arrowBOT
❌ Bad argument: name is a required argument that is missing.
cobalt cove
help
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cobalt cove
group grammar
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Grammar.
cobalt cove
help command
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Command or category "command" not found.
cobalt cove
sub reading
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Reading.
tender trellis
ex vorgangpassiv
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Vorgangspassiv
Passiv
tender trellis
ex Vorgangspassiv
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Vorgangspassiv
The Vorgangspassiv is formed with werden as the finite/conjugated verb and the past participle of the main verb (or action verb) in the active voice sentence.
For example, when we translate "The man eats the apple.", we get:
Der Mann isst den Apfel.
When this sentence is converted into its passive voice equivalent, several things happen:
- The finite verb becomes the equivalent conjugation for werden.
isst-->wird - The main verb is then converted into its past participle and placed at the end of the clause, when possible.
isst-->gegessen - The accusative object becomes the (nominative) subject.
den Apfel-->Der Apfel - The subject is indicated with the preposition
vonor simply left out altogether.Der Mann-->(vom Mann)
Putting this together, we create the passive voice sentence:
Der Apfel wird (vom Mann) gegessen.
‼ Only the accusative object of a verb can become the subject in a passive sentence. This means verbs that govern a dative, genitive, or prepositional object can never become the subject. Instead, the object remains as it was.
For example, the verb helfen governs a dative object. An example with it in an active sentence would be:
Der Mann hat dem Kollegen geholfen.
When converted to the passive voice, dem Kollegen does not change case:
Dem Kollegen wurde (vom Mann) geholfen.
This applies equally to verbs that govern genitive and prepositonal objects:
Der Toten wurde gedacht.
Über das Thema wird kaum gesprochen.
Tenses & Moods
Present: Der Apfel wird gegessen.
Simple Past: Der Apfel wurde gegessen.
Future: Der Apfel wird gegessen werden.
Present Perfect: Der Apfel ist gegessen worden.
Past Perfect: Der Apfel war gegessen worden.
Future Perfect: Der Apfel wird gegessen worden sein.
See Also:
https://bit.ly/2Quvo8q (Pferd's blog)
tender trellis
ex passiv
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Passive Voice
In English and German, a verb can have one of two voices which describe the relationship between the verb and the subject. These voices are the active voice and passive voice.
Typically, we use the active voice, where the subject is the doer or agent of the action. For example:
The man eats the apple.
In this sentence, the agent (the man) is acting upon (by eating) the object (the apple).
In the passive voice, the subject is the receiver or patient of the action. This typically places the emphasis on the patient or action, and the agent can be left out altogether if it is unknown or irrelevant. For example, the above sentence converted into the passive voice becomes:
The apple is being eaten.
In this example, the patient (the apple) is being acted upon (by being eaten) by an unknown agent.
German offers two passive forms: the Vorgangspassiv and the Zustandspassiv. The Vorgangspassiv refers to the process of an action, while the Zustandspassiv refers to the state of an action. The Vorgangspassiv is more often used and relates closely to the active voice. See >explain Vorgangspassiv for an explanation of the Vorgangspassiv, and see >explain Stative Passive for an explanation of Zustandspassiv.
See Also:
https://bit.ly/2Nqu84t (dartmouth university)
https://bit.ly/2y6iy9D (canoo)
https://bit.ly/2RyEodX (Passive Voice on Pferd's blog)
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tender trellis
ex konjunktiv
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Usage of Konjunktiv II
Structure of Konjunktiv II
tender trellis
ex all
tender trellis
ex all
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supple vigil
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tender trellis
groups all
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tender trellis
groups Food
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tender trellis
group Food
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Food.
tender trellis
group Gaming
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Gaming.
sand frigate
group Gaming
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Gaming.
tender trellis
cat
main arrowBOT
proper ibex
ex all
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коля#0666 has skipped the song.
tribal yacht
info @tribal yacht
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desert mural
faq keyboard
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Being able to type German letters is quite important!
- Schon = already. Schön = beautiful.
- Mutter = mother. Mütter = mothers.
How to? There are several options.
🔸 US International layout: if you're using a US keyboard or a keyboard based on it, the transition is very easy! Everything stays as you know it, except for some symbol keys like ~, ` or ", which can be pressed to add accents. For example " + a = ä. You can also do RightAlt + s = ß.
To use US International on Windows, look for the Region & Language options and switch your selected keyboard layout to US International.
:small_orange_diamond: Use a program like AutoHotkey to automatically type the symbols you need when you type certain shortcuts: https://www.autohotkey.com/
🔸 Alternatively, you can memorise the altcodes for German characters. Learning them is easier than you might think! Simply hold Alt and type the numbers on your numpad:
ä = 132; Ä = 142
ö = 148; Ö = 153
ü = 129; Ü = 154
ß = 225
🔸 If all else fails, you can use ASCII conventions for the characters: add an e to other vowels, and write ss or sz for ß. For example:
ae = ä
oe = ö
ue = ü
ss = ß
But this is discouraged since it's harder to read and... looks ugly. It is only done in situations where alternatives are impossible (fonts with no unicode etc).
desert mural
@woeful siren
oak saddle
getrole
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oak saddle
getrole level b
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proper ibex
you can do it in #questions too ^^
i just wanted to show you how it works
tough pine
ok, thank you so much! 😄
So, if I want the page for Adjective Declension, what do I type?
proper ibex
at the bottom of the embed it says "Page 1/2 (34 entries)"
you can either "turn pages" by reacting with ▶ and ◀ or by reacting with 🔢 and typing the number of the page you want to go to
tough pine
ok
proper ibex
if you want to know more about a topic you can simply do >faq Adjective Declension
always use the name not the numbers
main arrowBOT
A Brief Guide to Memorizing German Noun and Adjective Declension by Basementality
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jWl5-kkqF3FQLDzrz8XLBJj7hvPFQK7MT5SYEDGK65E/edit
tough pine
alright thank you so much!
tender trellis
@west carbon hey schau mal! Eine von deiner Familie
west carbon
:)
untold lily
.
limpid scroll
getrole Level C
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:heavy_check_mark: I replaced your old CEFR role with Level C.
ruby gale
test
tough pine
getrole Level A
tender trellis
word
main arrowBOT
eternal gyro
!ping
tough pine
word
main arrowBOT
tough pine
word
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tough pine
faq How to ask a question
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If you want something corrected, you can put it in a Google Docs and share a link with suggestions permissions in #writing.
Don't ask us to translate something for you outright: that takes professional time and effort and we're not here for that. You can try your luck with deepl.com.
For single words, use dict.cc or another dictionary, it'll be quicker.
If you want to know if/how a word can be used, provide some context to help us understand the situation.
Don't ask us to do your homework for you! Show us your best attempt at something and try to pinpoint what exactly you don't understand.
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Passive Voice
In English and German, a verb can have one of two voices which describe the relationship between the verb and the subject. These voices are the active voice and passive voice.
Typically, we use the active voice, where the subject is the doer or agent of the action. For example:
The man eats the apple.
In this sentence, the agent (the man) is acting upon (by eating) the object (the apple).
In the passive voice, the subject is the receiver or patient of the action. This typically places the emphasis on the patient or action, and the agent can be left out altogether if it is unknown or irrelevant. For example, the above sentence converted into the passive voice becomes:
The apple is being eaten.
In this example, the patient (the apple) is being acted upon (by being eaten) by an unknown agent.
German offers two passive forms: the Vorgangspassiv and the Zustandspassiv. The Vorgangspassiv refers to the process of an action, while the Zustandspassiv refers to the state of an action. The Vorgangspassiv is more often used and relates closely to the active voice. See >explain Vorgangspassiv for an explanation of the Vorgangspassiv, and see >explain Stative Passive for an explanation of Zustandspassiv.
See Also:
https://bit.ly/2Nqu84t (dartmouth university)
https://bit.ly/2y6iy9D (canoo)
https://bit.ly/2RyEodX (Passive Voice on Pferd's blog)
tough pine
help
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tough pine
danke
main arrowBOT
Immer gerne, turtleboi.
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novel robin
faq Genetiv
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Genitiv
Genitive
novel robin
faq genitiv
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Genitive
The genitive case (der Genitiv) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the dative case?
Nouns and adjective declension is completely different compared to the nominative case. Pronoun declension does exist but it is virtually never used. See >explain adjective declension for a full explanation.
🗨 When do I use the genitive case?
The genitive case is mainly used:
- to link nouns, especially when showing possession
Dies ist der größte Bahnhof der Welt.
Die Hälfte des Kuchens gehört mir.
Es gibt noch einen Strahl der Hoffnung.
For proper names, the order is reversed and an 's' is attached to the proper name as long as it does not end with an 's' sound.
Deutschlands längster Fluss ist der Rhein.
- to mark the object of very few transitive verbs
Empfindliche Haut bedarf besonderer Pflege.
Heute gedenkt die Nation des Jahrestages der Verfassung.
Wir harren einer Antwort.
- after some prepositions
The following prepositions are commonly followed by the genitive case in written German, but usually with the dative case in spoken German:
(an)statt, trotz, während, wegen
Prepositions denoting position are usually followed by the genitive case:
außerhalb, innerhalb, oberhalb, unterhalb, jenseits
A great number of prepositions that are only used in formal German, such as:
angesichts, bezüglich, einschließlich, fernab, infolge, namens, seitens, zugunsten
- by adverbials of indefinite time
Eines Tages werde ich Deutsch beherrschen.
Sonntags sind wir meist unterwegs.
Eines Nachts hörte ihr Vater sie weinen.
Note the declension in the last sentence. Although ìt is die Nacht, it assumes a similar form as the rest.
main arrowBOT
❌ Bad argument: name is a required argument that is missing.
novel robin
faq som
main arrowBOT
FAQ not found. Did you mean...
so
novel robin
faq How to get started [beginner, Starting out]
main arrowBOT
FAQ not found. Did you mean...
How to get started
Starting out
novel robin
faq starting out
main arrowBOT
How to get started
The simplest way to learn German is to find topics you don’t understand yet and search for explanations of them. This list provides you with a guide for which topics to learn if you are completely new to German. Type the topic into Google (or YouTube) and start learning!
Introduction
1: Alphabet (especially ä, ü, ö and ß)
2: Basic greetings (hello, goodbye, etc.)
Part 1 - Simple Sentence
1: Noun gender & plurals
2: Nominative case (What are cases?)
3: Nominative pronouns (I, you, he, she, etc.)
4: Verbs in present tense
5: Definite/indefinite articles
6: Accusative case (for nouns)
7: Accusative pronouns
8: Word order of simple sentences
9: How to ask questions
Tips
- Always learn the gender of a noun when you learn a new noun
- Learn to use a translation dictionary (e.g. dict.cc, leo.org)
- Use
>faq resourcesto see our list of German learning resources - For listening and pronunciation practice, try watching movies or videos (incl. YouTube)
- You can listen to pronunciation for words on websites like dict.cc, forvo.com, and others
- Practice writing sentences every day (and asking people to correct them)
- Ask as many questions as possible
- Don’t be scared to make mistakes!!!! If you don’t let yourself make mistakes, you will never be able to learn German
novel robin
faq dative
main arrowBOT
The dative case (der Dativ) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the dative case?
Nouns, pronouns, and adjective declension is completely different compared to the nominative case. See >explain adjective declension for a full explanation.
🗨 When do I use the dative case?
The dative case has a great number of usages, many of which are idiomatic, but is mainly used:
- to mark the indirect object of many transitive verbs (the "indirect object" is that which receives the result of an action):
Ich habe dir ein Bier gekauft.
Sie gibt dem Mann das Buch.
Er zeigte ihm seinen Führerschein.
- to mark the object of some transitive verbs:
Dir fehlen die richtigen Materialien.
Sie hat mir nicht geantwortet.
Das gefällt ihr gar nicht.
- after some prepositions:
Ich komme aus den USA.
Komm mit mir.
Ich lerne seit vielen Jahren Deutsch.
The following prepositions are always followed by the dative case:
aus, außer, bei, gegenüber, mit, nach, seit, von, zu
- after two-way prepositions when they do not indicate movement:
Das Bild hängt jetzt an der Wand.
Er geht im Wald. (he is roaming in the woods)
Sie steht vor mir.
- to show possession, mainly of clothing or body parts:
Ich habe mir in die Finger geschnitten.
Er hat ihr die Nase gebrochen.
Die Mütze fiel mir vom Kopf.
- with many adjectives:
Ich war mir nicht sicher.
Ist dir kalt?
Er ist seinem Bruder sehr ähnlich.
novel robin
😐
feral mason
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ruby gale
faq all
tough pine
word
main arrowBOT
tough pine
faq all
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tough pine
faq Birthdays
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icy egret
tts voice en no
icy egret
tts voice de read the doner asmr muted but with captions
tts voice de but it is me, I'm me
proud obsidian
lmfao
icy egret
HAHA
proud obsidian
you fucked it now
proud obsidian
its reading out the emoji id
icy egret
HAHAHAHA
icy egret
crying
shy otter
getrole Level B
tough pine
sub science
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Science.
tough pine
help star
main arrowBOT
median walrus
conj sehen
frank lichen
group food
main arrowBOT
:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Food.
tender trellis
gr Level A
tribal yacht
getrole B
main arrowBOT
:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Science.
verbal fiber
group food
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Food.
❌ Bad argument: Group "sport" not found.
tender trellis
info @lean pond
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@lean pond
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untold lily
group food
main arrowBOT
:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Food.
simple glacier
sub science practice
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❌ Bad argument: Group "science practice" not found.
simple glacier
groups
main arrowBOT
simple glacier
sub Sciencepractice
main arrowBOT
:x: You're already in this group.
simple glacier
sub science
main arrowBOT
:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Science.
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Nominative
The nominative case (der Nominativ) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the nominative case?
Definite articles: der, die, das
Definite articles: ein, eine, ein
Personal pronouns:
ich - I
du - you
er - he
es - it
sie - she/they
wir - we
ihr - you guys
Sie - (formal) you/you guys
For a full explanation, including adjectives, see >explain adjective declension
🗨 When do I use the nominative case?
The nominative case is mainly used:
- to mark the subject of the finite verb
Ich lese einen Roman.
Der Mann hat die schöne Frau ermordet.
Sie besitzen kein Auto.
- for the predicate complement of copular verbs (a verb that links the subject to the object)
Eine Maus ist ein kleines Tier.
Wir wurden gute Freunde.
Du bleibst immer mein Freund.
- for nouns or pronouns used in isolation, such as in exclamations or when addressing people
Ein schöner Tag heute, nicht?
So geht es nicht, du Idiot.
Ach meine Güte!
ruby gale
do >faq accusative for that one (same idea for other cases)
frozen viper
faq accusative
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Accusative
The accusative case (der Akkusativ) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the accusative case?
Feminine and neuter nouns and adjectives are the same as nominative. Masculine nouns, adjectives (and weak nouns) gain an -en ending:
Ich esse den/einen/keinen kleinen Apfel.
Personal pronouns differ for:
ich --> mich
du --> dich
er --> ihn
wir --> uns
ihr --> euch
For a full explanation see >explain adjective declension
🗨 When do I use the accusative case?
The accusative case is mainly used:
- to mark the direct object of many transitive verbs
Ich lese einen Roman.
Er hat die schöne Frau ermordet.
Sie besitzen kein Auto.
- after some prepositions
Danke für deine Hilfe!
Ohne dich kann ich nicht leben.
Sie hatten keine Einwände gegen den Plan.
The following prepositions are always followed by the accusative case:
bis, durch, für, gegen, ohne, um
- to indicate movement in a particular direction in two-way prepositions
Er steigt auf den Gipfel.
Sie hängt das Bild an die Wand.
Ich gehe gleich ins Bett. (ins = in das)
- by adverbials of time and measurement
A definite length or point in time:
Ich habe den ganzen Tag geschlafen.
Sie kommt nächste Woche zurück.
A measurement:
Das Kind ist vier Jahre alt.
Das Tier ist einen Meter groß.
Expressing distance with verbs of motion:
Ich ging die Treppe hinauf.
Ich lief den ganzen Weg zu Fuß.
- in common greetings and wishes
Guten Morgen/Tag/Abend!
Gute Besserung!
Herzlichen Glückwunsch!
Here there is an implicit verb such as 'wünschen', where the greeting/wish is the direct object.
ruby gale
faq all
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limpid scroll
getrole Level B
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:heavy_check_mark: I replaced your old CEFR role with Level B.
lament osprey
help
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lament osprey
help role
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lament osprey
sub grammar
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Grammar.
lament osprey
sub reading
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Reading.
earnest lotus
help
main arrowBOT
earnest lotus
help role
main arrowBOT
earnest lotus
groups
main arrowBOT
main arrowBOT
:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Reading.
earnest lotus
group Grammar
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:white_check_mark: Alright, I added you to Grammar.
main arrowBOT
❌ Bad argument: Role "Level A1" not found.
late brook
getrole level a
lime plume
info
main arrowBOT
tender trellis
ex cefr
main arrowBOT
If you see something like A1, B2 or C1, these represent the proficiency of a speaker in a language they're not native in, and are called CEFR levels. They are valid for any language, not only German!
Roughly speaking, A levels are beginners and C levels are experts. Remember that CEFR level are self-assessed and indicative!
You can see more specific names and descriptions on the Wikipedia page:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_European_Framework_of_Reference_for_Languages
🗨 How do I know what level I am?
If the table on Wikipedia is too generic for you, you can try using this one here:
https://rm.coe.int/168045bb52
Just check each column one at a time: if you can do all it describes, move to the next column. Your level is the highest where you can do the most things.
Alternatively, you can use this questionnaire to estimate your level more accurately:
https://www.laits.utexas.edu/fi/sites/laits.utexas.edu.fi/files/Self Assessment Checklist European.pdf
tender trellis
@empty pewter ^
main arrowBOT
FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Resource List
lime plume
faq all
main arrowBOT
lime plume
ex beginner
main arrowBOT
How to get started
The simplest way to learn German is to find topics you don’t understand yet and search for explanations of them. This list provides you with a guide for which topics to learn if you are completely new to German. Type the topic into Google (or YouTube) and start learning!
Introduction
1: Alphabet (especially ä, ü, ö and ß)
2: Basic greetings (hello, goodbye, etc.)
Part 1 - Simple Sentence
1: Noun gender & plurals
2: Nominative case (What are cases?)
3: Nominative pronouns (I, you, he, she, etc.)
4: Verbs in present tense
5: Definite/indefinite articles
6: Accusative case (for nouns)
7: Accusative pronouns
8: Word order of simple sentences
9: How to ask questions
Tips
- Always learn the gender of a noun when you learn a new noun
- Learn to use a translation dictionary (e.g. dict.cc, leo.org)
- Use
>faq resourcesto see our list of German learning resources - For listening and pronunciation practice, try watching movies or videos (incl. YouTube)
- You can listen to pronunciation for words on websites like dict.cc, forvo.com, and others
- Practice writing sentences every day (and asking people to correct them)
- Ask as many questions as possible
- Don’t be scared to make mistakes!!!! If you don’t let yourself make mistakes, you will never be able to learn German
lime plume
@empty pewter ^
empty pewter
ty
main arrowBOT
❌ Bad argument: query is a required argument that is missing.
main arrowBOT
коля#0666 has skipped the song.
wary vector
play https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lE-_B85xKN8&t=0s&index=61&list=PL059NLzeARXOu3fejKFAYxRn-pFGdGPIt
copper viper
@heavy wyvern leave
heavy wyvern
?
chrome spade
play hit or miss
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Being able to type German letters is quite important!
- Schon = already. Schön = beautiful.
- Mutter = mother. Mütter = mothers.
How to? There are several options.
🔸 US International layout: if you're using a US keyboard or a keyboard based on it, the transition is very easy! Everything stays as you know it, except for some symbol keys like ~, ` or ", which can be pressed to add accents. For example " + a = ä. You can also do RightAlt + s = ß.
To use US International on Windows, look for the Region & Language options and switch your selected keyboard layout to US International.
:small_orange_diamond: Use a program like AutoHotkey to automatically type the symbols you need when you type certain shortcuts: https://www.autohotkey.com/
🔸 Alternatively, you can memorise the altcodes for German characters. Learning them is easier than you might think! Simply hold Alt and type the numbers on your numpad:
ä = 132; Ä = 142
ö = 148; Ö = 153
ü = 129; Ü = 154
ß = 225
🔸 If all else fails, you can use ASCII conventions for the characters: add an e to other vowels, and write ss or sz for ß. For example:
ae = ä
oe = ö
ue = ü
ss = ß
But this is discouraged since it's harder to read and... looks ugly. It is only done in situations where alternatives are impossible (fonts with no unicode etc).
rose orchid
Thanks
chrome spade
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There was an error with retrieving your song: [0;31mERROR:[0m This video contains content from SME, who has blocked it in your country on copyright grounds.
tender trellis
faq recourses
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FAQ not found. Try >explain all.
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tender trellis
faq begginer
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
beginner
tender trellis
faq beginner
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How to get started
The simplest way to learn German is to find topics you don’t understand yet and search for explanations of them. This list provides you with a guide for which topics to learn if you are completely new to German. Type the topic into Google (or YouTube) and start learning!
Introduction
1: Alphabet (especially ä, ü, ö and ß)
2: Basic greetings (hello, goodbye, etc.)
Part 1 - Simple Sentence
1: Noun gender & plurals
2: Nominative case (What are cases?)
3: Nominative pronouns (I, you, he, she, etc.)
4: Verbs in present tense
5: Definite/indefinite articles
6: Accusative case (for nouns)
7: Accusative pronouns
8: Word order of simple sentences
9: How to ask questions
Tips
- Always learn the gender of a noun when you learn a new noun
- Learn to use a translation dictionary (e.g. dict.cc, leo.org)
- Use
>faq resourcesto see our list of German learning resources - For listening and pronunciation practice, try watching movies or videos (incl. YouTube)
- You can listen to pronunciation for words on websites like dict.cc, forvo.com, and others
- Practice writing sentences every day (and asking people to correct them)
- Ask as many questions as possible
- Don’t be scared to make mistakes!!!! If you don’t let yourself make mistakes, you will never be able to learn German
lament osprey
getrole level a
tender trellis
info
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wraith roost
info
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wraith roost
word
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wraith roost
word
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❌ Bad argument: Group "translate" not found.
raven fractal
group tranalation
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❌ Bad argument: Group "tranalation" not found.
raven fractal
🤦
wooden frost
group transalation
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❌ Bad argument: Group "transalation" not found.
wooden frost
Been typing anal too much @raven fractal
raven fractal
thin iris
groups
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thin iris
sub all
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❌ Bad argument: Group "all" not found.
thin iris
sub
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❌ Bad argument: group is a required argument that is missing.
thin iris
help group
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thin iris
group joinall
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:white_check_mark: Added you to all available groups.
thin iris
groups
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thin iris
was nudes club deleted?
kindred wyvern
Oh god 😔
lime plume
^@oblique dawn
oblique dawn
@lime plume thanks
lime plume
then you can use >faq resources to see our resource list 😄
wooden frost
Hello bot! We meet again!
teal kraken
ahh
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drowsy lake
help
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drowsy lake
faq
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❌ Bad argument: name is a required argument that is missing.
drowsy lake
faq help
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FAQ not found. Try >explain all.
drowsy lake
explain all
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drowsy lake
faq Nach-In-Auf-Zu
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Generally you use the preposition nach when talking about going to countries, cities or directions, for example:
(1) Ich fahre nach Berlin. (I’m going to Berlin.)
(2) Ich gehe nach Westen. (I’m going west.)
(3) Ich fahre nach Deutschland. (I'm going to Germany.)
‼ Note that nach does not work with countries or regions that take an article. In this case you need to replace it with in, for example: Ich fahre in die Schweiz. (I’m going to Switzerland.)
In addition to that you will need to use auf for specific islands, for example: Ich fliege auf die Balearen. (I fly to the Balearic Islands.)
Here you can find a map with countries that take an article: http://i.imgur.com/QRFA2WI.png
🌟 nach is also idiomatically used in nach Hause gehen (to go home)
The preposition zu is used when talking about going to people, or places with a proper name, for example:
(4) Ich gehe zu ihm. (I go to him.)
(5) Ich gehe zum [zu dem] Arzt. (I go to the doctor.)
(6) Ich gehe zu Aldi. (I go to Aldi.)
You use in if you will end up inside a place or location, for example:
(7) Ich gehe in die Kirche. (I go to church.)
(8) Ich gehe ins [in das] Kino. (I go to the cinema.)
You use auf if you will end up on something, or for going to formal events, for example:
(9) Ich klettere auf den Berg. (I climb up the mountain.)
(10) Ich gehe auf die Toilette. (I go to the toilet.)
(11) Ich gehe auf eine Party. (I go to a party.)
🌟 When in doubt, use zu, since you can often replace in and auf with zu, for example:
(12) Ich gehe zur Kirche. (I go to the church.) [but not necessarily inside]
(13) Ich gehe zu einer Party. (I go to a party.)
‼ However, note that you cannot replace zu with in if it would be absurd to speak of going inside:
(14) Ich fahre in die Kirche. (I drive into the church.)
drowsy lake
danke
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Immer gerne, MasterProject.
thin iris
showcolour aadead
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simple glacier
explain prepositions of place
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Prepositions of Place Part 1
simple glacier
explain Prepositions of Place Part 1
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Generally you use the preposition nach when talking about going to countries, cities or directions, for example:
(1) Ich fahre nach Berlin. (I’m going to Berlin.)
(2) Ich gehe nach Westen. (I’m going west.)
(3) Ich fahre nach Deutschland. (I'm going to Germany.)
‼ Note that nach does not work with countries or regions that take an article. In this case you need to replace it with in, for example: Ich fahre in die Schweiz. (I’m going to Switzerland.)
In addition to that you will need to use auf for specific islands, for example: Ich fliege auf die Balearen. (I fly to the Balearic Islands.)
Here you can find a map with countries that take an article: http://i.imgur.com/QRFA2WI.png
🌟 nach is also idiomatically used in nach Hause gehen (to go home)
The preposition zu is used when talking about going to people, or places with a proper name, for example:
(4) Ich gehe zu ihm. (I go to him.)
(5) Ich gehe zum [zu dem] Arzt. (I go to the doctor.)
(6) Ich gehe zu Aldi. (I go to Aldi.)
You use in if you will end up inside a place or location, for example:
(7) Ich gehe in die Kirche. (I go to church.)
(8) Ich gehe ins [in das] Kino. (I go to the cinema.)
You use auf if you will end up on something, or for going to formal events, for example:
(9) Ich klettere auf den Berg. (I climb up the mountain.)
(10) Ich gehe auf die Toilette. (I go to the toilet.)
(11) Ich gehe auf eine Party. (I go to a party.)
🌟 When in doubt, use zu, since you can often replace in and auf with zu, for example:
(12) Ich gehe zur Kirche. (I go to the church.) [but not necessarily inside]
(13) Ich gehe zu einer Party. (I go to a party.)
‼ However, note that you cannot replace zu with in if it would be absurd to speak of going inside:
(14) Ich fahre in die Kirche. (I drive into the church.)
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Prepositions of Place Part 1
north flame
getrole Level B
ruby gale
faq dative
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The dative case (der Dativ) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the dative case?
Nouns, pronouns, and adjective declension is completely different compared to the nominative case. See >explain adjective declension for a full explanation.
🗨 When do I use the dative case?
The dative case has a great number of usages, many of which are idiomatic, but is mainly used:
- to mark the indirect object of many transitive verbs (the "indirect object" is that which receives the result of an action):
Ich habe dir ein Bier gekauft.
Sie gibt dem Mann das Buch.
Er zeigte ihm seinen Führerschein.
- to mark the object of some transitive verbs:
Dir fehlen die richtigen Materialien.
Sie hat mir nicht geantwortet.
Das gefällt ihr gar nicht.
- after some prepositions:
Ich komme aus den USA.
Komm mit mir.
Ich lerne seit vielen Jahren Deutsch.
The following prepositions are always followed by the dative case:
aus, außer, bei, gegenüber, mit, nach, seit, von, zu
- after two-way prepositions when they do not indicate movement:
Das Bild hängt jetzt an der Wand.
Er geht im Wald. (he is roaming in the woods)
Sie steht vor mir.
- to show possession, mainly of clothing or body parts:
Ich habe mir in die Finger geschnitten.
Er hat ihr die Nase gebrochen.
Die Mütze fiel mir vom Kopf.
- with many adjectives:
Ich war mir nicht sicher.
Ist dir kalt?
Er ist seinem Bruder sehr ähnlich.
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tender trellis
sub
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❌ Bad argument: group is a required argument that is missing.
tender trellis
group
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❌ Bad argument: group is a required argument that is missing.
tender trellis
groups
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naive socket
how do i join a groupp
proper ibex
help group
naive socket
specifically the translation group
proper ibex
group name of group
^ but without the whitespace between > and group
naive socket
group
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❌ Bad argument: group is a required argument that is missing.
proper ibex
You need to specify which group you want to join
group Translation
proper ibex
Oh 😅 that‘s what #questions and #writing are for ^^
naive socket
ok thanks
simple glacier
lk de en als
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open summit
karmic ether
explain all
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lean pond
group joinall
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❌ Bad argument: Group "all" not found.
late lintel
group translation.
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❌ Bad argument: Group "translation." not found.
tender trellis
@lean pond >group joinall
lean pond
group joinall
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:white_check_mark: Added you to all available groups.
lean pond
ayy
tender trellis
remind in 4 hours erzähle was Ephie über den Kurs
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Alright @tender trellis, in 4 hours: erzähle was Ephie über den Kurs
tender trellis
@tender trellis word order: erzähle Ephie was
tender trellis
@tender trellis lol Danke schön, Oxi, wusste nicht, dass du auch diesen Kanal anschaust :D
Immer doch
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@tender trellis, 4 hours ago: erzähle was Ephie über den Kurs
https://discordapp.com/channels/221708975698083841/248530603165614080/532894562285256704
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@uneven meadow, 4 months and 22 days ago: Schneeglöckchen and Mondschein day
https://discordapp.com/channels/221708975698083841/248530603165614080/480776541840736277
@uneven meadow, 4 months and 22 days ago: WRONG DAY
https://discordapp.com/channels/221708975698083841/248530603165614080/480776607318147082
granite drum
getrole Level A
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:white_check_mark: Added you to all available groups.
tender trellis
group joinall
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:white_check_mark: Added you to all available groups.
simple glacier
lk de eng mal
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❌ eng is not a supported language. Use dict info.
simple glacier
lk de en mal
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spiral lotus
getrole level A
karmic peak
play katyusha
kindred wyvern
��A
elfin geode
rr nerd
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:x: Cannot remove this role.
elfin geode
getrole nerd
elfin geode
groups
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elfin geode
groupjoin writing translation science science practice
group joinwriting jointranslation joinscience joinsciencepractice
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❌ Bad argument: Group "joinwriting jointranslation joinscience joinsciencepractice" not found.
main arrowBOT
❌ Bad argument: Group "joinwriting" not found.
elfin geode
group joinall
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:white_check_mark: Added you to all available groups.
main arrowBOT
Toastalicious#0026 has skipped the song.
wary vector
play Wenn jetzt Sommer wär
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There was an error with retrieving your song: The uploader has not made this video available in your country.
safe grove
tribal yacht
ex resources
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dapper wolf
groups
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fair cargo
help
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fair cargo
help role
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wooden osprey
inner robin
explain all
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Accusative
The accusative case (der Akkusativ) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the accusative case?
Feminine and neuter nouns and adjectives are the same as nominative. Masculine nouns, adjectives (and weak nouns) gain an -en ending:
Ich esse den/einen/keinen kleinen Apfel.
Personal pronouns differ for:
ich --> mich
du --> dich
er --> ihn
wir --> uns
ihr --> euch
For a full explanation see >explain adjective declension
🗨 When do I use the accusative case?
The accusative case is mainly used:
- to mark the direct object of many transitive verbs
Ich lese einen Roman.
Er hat die schöne Frau ermordet.
Sie besitzen kein Auto.
- after some prepositions
Danke für deine Hilfe!
Ohne dich kann ich nicht leben.
Sie hatten keine Einwände gegen den Plan.
The following prepositions are always followed by the accusative case:
bis, durch, für, gegen, ohne, um
- to indicate movement in a particular direction in two-way prepositions
Er steigt auf den Gipfel.
Sie hängt das Bild an die Wand.
Ich gehe gleich ins Bett. (ins = in das)
- by adverbials of time and measurement
A definite length or point in time:
Ich habe den ganzen Tag geschlafen.
Sie kommt nächste Woche zurück.
A measurement:
Das Kind ist vier Jahre alt.
Das Tier ist einen Meter groß.
Expressing distance with verbs of motion:
Ich ging die Treppe hinauf.
Ich lief den ganzen Weg zu Fuß.
- in common greetings and wishes
Guten Morgen/Tag/Abend!
Gute Besserung!
Herzlichen Glückwunsch!
Here there is an implicit verb such as 'wünschen', where the greeting/wish is the direct object.
wooden osprey
inner robin
help for all commands
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Command or category "for all commands" not found.
inner robin
help
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dense cave
faq all
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dense cave
faq resources
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half ivy
help
steep mango
getrole B
finite steeple
sub nerd
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❌ Bad argument: Group "nerd" not found.
finite steeple
role Level A
tender trellis
play look what you made me do
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:x: At least two members are needed before I start playing music.
tender trellis
._.
tender trellis
role Level B
main arrowBOT
:heavy_check_mark: I replaced your old CEFR role with Level B.
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❌ Bad argument: name is a required argument that is missing.
simple glacier
help
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chilly hull
faq cases
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Cases
German has four grammatical cases (der Fall or der Kasus in German): nominative, accusative, dative, and genitive. A case alters a noun, pronoun, adjective, etc., in some way to mark its grammatical function in a phrase, clause, or sentence. For example, the main function of the nominative (der Nominativ) case is to mark the subject in a sentence:
Ich liebe die deutsche Sprache!
In this sentence, the pronoun "ich" represents the first person subject and is in the nominative case. Every noun, pronoun, adjective, etc. has form in every case and it is very important to learn all of them. For example, the accusative form of ich is mich:
Die deutsche Sprache liebt mich!
See >explain adjective declension to get started on that. Don't get discouraged by how much there is, it takes some time master.
To see an explanation of the usages of every case, see their individual articles:
>explain nominative
>explain accusative
>explain dative
>explain genitive
chilly hull
explain dative
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The dative case (der Dativ) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the dative case?
Nouns, pronouns, and adjective declension is completely different compared to the nominative case. See >explain adjective declension for a full explanation.
🗨 When do I use the dative case?
The dative case has a great number of usages, many of which are idiomatic, but is mainly used:
- to mark the indirect object of many transitive verbs (the "indirect object" is that which receives the result of an action):
Ich habe dir ein Bier gekauft.
Sie gibt dem Mann das Buch.
Er zeigte ihm seinen Führerschein.
- to mark the object of some transitive verbs:
Dir fehlen die richtigen Materialien.
Es fällt mir gleich bestimmt wieder ein.
Das gefällt ihr gar nicht.
- after some prepositions:
Ich komme aus den USA.
Komm mit mir.
Ich lerne seit vielen Jahren Deutsch.
The following prepositions are always followed by the dative case:
aus, außer, bei, gegenüber, mit, nach, seit, von, zu
- after two-way prepositions when they do not indicate movement:
Das Bild hängt jetzt an der Wand.
Er geht im Wald. (he is roaming in the woods)
Sie steht vor mir.
- to show possession, mainly of clothing or body parts:
Ich habe mir in die Finger geschnitten.
Er hat ihr die Nase gebrochen.
Die Mütze fiel mir vom Kopf.
- with many adjectives:
Ich war mir nicht sicher.
Ist dir kalt?
Er ist seinem Bruder sehr ähnlich.
chilly hull
explain genitive
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Genitive
The genitive case (der Genitiv) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the dative case?
Nouns and adjective declension is completely different compared to the nominative case. Pronoun declension does exist but it is virtually never used. See >explain adjective declension for a full explanation.
🗨 When do I use the genitive case?
The genitive case is mainly used:
- to link nouns, especially when showing possession
Dies ist der größte Bahnhof der Welt.
Die Hälfte des Kuchens gehört mir.
Es gibt noch einen Strahl der Hoffnung.
For proper names, the order is reversed and an 's' is attached to the proper name as long as it does not end with an 's' sound.
Deutschlands längster Fluss ist der Rhein.
- to mark the object of very few transitive verbs
Empfindliche Haut bedarf besonderer Pflege.
Heute gedenkt die Nation des Jahrestages der Verfassung.
Wir harren einer Antwort.
- after some prepositions
The following prepositions are commonly followed by the genitive case in written German, but usually with the dative case in spoken German:
(an)statt, trotz, während, wegen
Prepositions denoting position are usually followed by the genitive case:
außerhalb, innerhalb, oberhalb, unterhalb, jenseits
A great number of prepositions that are only used in formal German, such as:
angesichts, bezüglich, einschließlich, fernab, infolge, namens, seitens, zugunsten
- by adverbials of indefinite time
Eines Tages werde ich Deutsch beherrschen.
Sonntags sind wir meist unterwegs.
Eines Nachts hörte ihr Vater sie weinen.
Note the declension in the last sentence. Although ìt is die Nacht, it assumes a similar form as the rest.
chilly hull
faq tense
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FAQ not found. Try >explain all.
chilly hull
faq tenses
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FAQ not found. Try >explain all.
chilly hull
explain all
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chilly hull
explain all
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rough abyss
group
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❌ Bad argument: group is a required argument that is missing.
wind elbow
groups
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rough abyss
help
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rough abyss
💪
wind elbow
group science
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:x: You're already in this group.
wind elbow
group sciencepractice
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:x: You're already in this group.
wind elbow
group science
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:x: You're already in this group.
steep mango
help
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steep mango
play Einer Dieser Steine - Sido
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jolly mason
simple glacier
explain prepositions of place 2
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Prepositions of Place Part 1
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Prepositions of Place Part 1
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Generally you use the preposition nach when talking about going to countries, cities or directions, for example:
(1) Ich fahre nach Berlin. (I’m going to Berlin.)
(2) Ich gehe nach Westen. (I’m going west.)
(3) Ich fahre nach Deutschland. (I'm going to Germany.)
‼ Note that nach does not work with countries or regions that take an article. In this case you need to replace it with in, for example: Ich fahre in die Schweiz. (I’m going to Switzerland.)
In addition to that you will need to use auf for specific islands, for example: Ich fliege auf die Balearen. (I fly to the Balearic Islands.)
Here you can find a map with countries that take an article: http://i.imgur.com/QRFA2WI.png
🌟 nach is also idiomatically used in nach Hause gehen (to go home)
The preposition zu is used when talking about going to people, or places with a proper name, for example:
(4) Ich gehe zu ihm. (I go to him.)
(5) Ich gehe zum [zu dem] Arzt. (I go to the doctor.)
(6) Ich gehe zu Aldi. (I go to Aldi.)
You use in if you will end up inside a place or location, for example:
(7) Ich gehe in die Kirche. (I go to church.)
(8) Ich gehe ins [in das] Kino. (I go to the cinema.)
You use auf if you will end up on something, or for going to formal events, for example:
(9) Ich klettere auf den Berg. (I climb up the mountain.)
(10) Ich gehe auf die Toilette. (I go to the toilet.)
(11) Ich gehe auf eine Party. (I go to a party.)
🌟 When in doubt, use zu, since you can often replace in and auf with zu, for example:
(12) Ich gehe zur Kirche. (I go to the church.) [but not necessarily inside]
(13) Ich gehe zu einer Party. (I go to a party.)
‼ However, note that you cannot replace zu with in if it would be absurd to speak of going inside:
(14) Ich fahre in die Kirche. (I drive into the church.)
neat terrace
help
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neat terrace
getrole Level B
full vine
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karmic peak
join science
drowsy lake
explain passive
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Passive Voice
In English and German, a verb can have one of two voices which describe the relationship between the verb and the subject. These voices are the active voice and passive voice.
Typically, we use the active voice, where the subject is the doer or agent of the action. For example:
The man eats the apple.
In this sentence, the agent (the man) is acting upon (by eating) the object (the apple).
In the passive voice, the subject is the receiver or patient of the action. This typically places the emphasis on the patient or action, and the agent can be left out altogether if it is unknown or irrelevant. For example, the above sentence converted into the passive voice becomes:
The apple is being eaten.
In this example, the patient (the apple) is being acted upon (by being eaten) by an unknown agent.
German offers two passive forms: the Vorgangspassiv and the Zustandspassiv. The Vorgangspassiv refers to the process of an action, while the Zustandspassiv refers to the state of an action. The Vorgangspassiv is more often used and relates closely to the active voice. See >explain Vorgangspassiv for an explanation of the Vorgangspassiv, and see >explain Stative Passive for an explanation of Zustandspassiv.
See Also:
https://bit.ly/2Nqu84t (dartmouth university)
https://bit.ly/2y6iy9D (canoo)
https://bit.ly/2RyEodX (Passive Voice on Pferd's blog)
drowsy lake
explain Stative Passive
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Stative Passive (Zustandspassiv)
The passive voice with werden (Vorgangspassiv) refers to the process of an action; it indicates that an action is taking place. The resulting state of this action can be indicated with a different version of the passive voice called the Stative Passive (Zustandspassiv). This form uses sein instead of werden as its auxiliary verb. For example:
Das Fenster ist zerbrochen. (The window is broken)
Transitive verbs that are valid in the Vorgangspassiv can typically be used in the Zustandspassiv and vice versa. The Zustandspassiv, however, tends to prefer verbs that have a clear end state, such as: zerstören, öffnen, schließen.
Vorgangspassiv vs Zustandspassiv
The difference between the two passive voice forms is best illustrated with an example:
Der Tresor war verschlossen, aber wir haben nicht gesehen, wie er verschlossen wurde.
The safe was locked but we did not see how it was locked.
In the first clause, the state of the safe is being discussed. The process of locking the safe was completed and the safe reached a condition of being "locked". The last clause concentrates on the process of locking the safe, namely how it was done. The safe has somehow reached a state of being locked, but this process was not observed.
As the Vorgangspassiv discusses a process, it often relates to the English progressive aspect, but this is never true for the Zustandspassiv. For example, the English sentence:
The product is being packed.
Can be translated as:
Die Ware wird verpackt.
But cannot be translated as:
Die Ware ist verpackt.
This loses the implication of a process, which the English progressive aspect and Vorgangspassiv possess. Instead, this sentence indicates that this process is complete and the product is now packed. Thus, it would be an acceptable translation for:
The product has been packed.
tender trellis
getrole Level B
tender trellis
getrole level a
trail ice
help
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trail ice
groups
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steep mango
getrole Science
steep mango
groups
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steep mango
how does this work?
tender trellis
@steep mango >sub [name of the group]
steep mango
danke !
tender trellis
bitte
steep mango
Sciencepractice
polar swallow
faq german keyboard
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Being able to type German letters is quite important!
- Schon = already. Schön = beautiful.
- Mutter = mother. Mütter = mothers.
How to? There are several options.
🔸 US International layout: if you're using a US keyboard or a keyboard based on it, the transition is very easy! Everything stays as you know it, except for some symbol keys like ~, ` or ", which can be pressed to add accents. For example " + a = ä. You can also do RightAlt + s = ß.
To use US International on Windows, look for the Region & Language options and switch your selected keyboard layout to US International.
:small_orange_diamond: Use a program like AutoHotkey to automatically type the symbols you need when you type certain shortcuts: https://www.autohotkey.com/
🔸 Alternatively, you can memorise the altcodes for German characters. Learning them is easier than you might think! Simply hold Alt and type the numbers on your numpad:
ä = 132; Ä = 142
ö = 148; Ö = 153
ü = 129; Ü = 154
ß = 225
🔸 If all else fails, you can use ASCII conventions for the characters: add an e to other vowels, and write ss or sz for ß. For example:
ae = ä
oe = ö
ue = ü
ss = ß
But this is discouraged since it's harder to read and... looks ugly. It is only done in situations where alternatives are impossible (fonts with no unicode etc).
polar swallow
danke
steep mango
faq swiss german
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What is Swiss German?
Swiss German is the common name for the group of dialects native to Switzerland. It is closely related to the dialects of south-western Germany (e.g. Swabian), and to a lesser extent to the dialects of Austria and Bavaria.
What do you mean, group of dialects?
Because Swiss German is not standardized in any way, there is a lot of variety in how people speak. The differences aren’t large enough to impede understanding, but they are definitely noticable and range from vocabulary over different sounds being used to even differences in grammar!
If I speak German to a Swiss person, will I be understood?
Yes.
All Swiss German speakers have gone through several years of schooling held in Standard German and will definitely understand you without any problems. However, not all Swiss German speakers are very comfortable speaking it themselves, so keep that in mind.
If I want to move to Switzerland, do I have to learn Swiss German?
First of all, make sure to actually learn Standard German. You’ll need it more urgently. But if that’s out of the way, I would advise you to at least learn to understand it. Swiss people really appreciate it when they don’t have to speak Standard German. You don’t have to learn to speak it yourself to integrate. But feel free to try!
Where can I learn Swiss German?
Good question. There’s a collection of resources here: https://www.reddit.com/r/German/comments/abswl2/i_made_a_collection_of_resources_for_learning/
If you find something, let us know. If you have questions, you can always ask in #dialects.
What does it sound like?
It’s been variously described as everything from melodious to throat cancer. Best you just listen yourself:
https://youtu.be/h5-If3WKqfg (Dialect of Graubünden)
https://youtu.be/Gz2S9iggdzM (Slightly over the top comparison)
https://youtu.be/PkGatIgXERI (Classic Bern German song)
See also: >faq Switzerland, >faq Dialects
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lusty garnet
getrole Level
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❌ Bad argument: Role "Level" not found.
lusty garnet
getrole level
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❌ Bad argument: Role "level" not found.
lusty garnet
getrole Level A2
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❌ Bad argument: Role "Level A2" not found.
lusty garnet
getrole Level A
karmic peak
@west carbon I'll replace @ruby gale for now: Onomatopoesie
ruby gale
@west carbon asinine
@karmic peak abut
daring kiln
info
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lilac steeple
groups
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left cliff
getrole level B
lime plume
info
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daring kiln
hey
iron hinge
info
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round grotto
Hi
signal path
info
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zealous epoch
help
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zealous epoch
role
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zealous epoch
removerole Gaming
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:x: Cannot remove this role.
glossy crypt
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karmic peak
info
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daring kiln
danke
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Immer gerne, cardiou.
daring kiln
danke
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Immer gerne, cardiou.
daring kiln
danke
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Immer gerne, cardiou.
daring kiln
danke
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Immer gerne, cardiou.
daring kiln
suggestion: make the bot get pissed off if you thank him too much
sage cedar
info
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tender trellis
getrole Level C
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sweet mortar
skip
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Sir Pugsly#7885 has skipped the song.
rare sierra
play finest girl (bin laden song) - uncensored version
proud obsidian
group assign bullycallumclub 242887101018931200
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solar nest
Is level C the role for natives, too?
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zenith furnace
@solar nest here are all the groups
solar nest
Okay und kann ich die Rolle haben, die mich als Muttersprachler auszeichnet?
In den Infos steht, dass die durch die Mods zugefügt wird?
simple glacier
removerole
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❌ Bad argument: role is a required argument that is missing.
simple glacier
removerole learning german
getrole level A
@solar nest type/ or simple copy paste this: >removerole learning german
simple glacier
👌🏻
inner robin
removerole learning german
simple glacier
sub grammer
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❌ Bad argument: Group "grammer" not found.
simple glacier
groups
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simple glacier
sub Grammer
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❌ Bad argument: Group "Grammer" not found.
simple glacier
sub reading
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:x: You're already in this group.
simple glacier
sub grammar
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:x: You're already in this group.
inner robin
group translation
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:x: You're already in this group.
simple glacier
word
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tender trellis
explain all
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tender trellis
explain beginner
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How to get started
The simplest way to learn German is to find topics you don’t understand yet and search for explanations of them. This list provides you with a guide for which topics to learn if you are completely new to German. Type the topic into Google (or YouTube) and start learning!
Introduction
1: Alphabet (especially ä, ü, ö and ß)
2: Basic greetings (hello, goodbye, etc.)
Part 1 - Simple Sentence
1: Noun gender & plurals
2: Nominative case (What are cases?)
3: Nominative pronouns (I, you, he, she, etc.)
4: Verbs in present tense
5: Definite/indefinite articles
6: Accusative case (for nouns)
7: Accusative pronouns
8: Word order of simple sentences
9: How to ask questions
Tips
- Always learn the gender of a noun when you learn a new noun
- Learn to use a translation dictionary (e.g. dict.cc, leo.org)
- Use
>faq resourcesto see our list of German learning resources - For listening and pronunciation practice, try watching movies or videos (incl. YouTube)
- You can listen to pronunciation for words on websites like dict.cc, forvo.com, and others
- Practice writing sentences every day (and asking people to correct them)
- Ask as many questions as possible
- Don’t be scared to make mistakes!!!! If you don’t let yourself make mistakes, you will never be able to learn German
tender trellis
faq resources
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wooden frost
Speak only when you're spoken to, bot
karmic ether
removerole nerd
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❌ Bad argument: Role "nerd" not found.
karmic ether
removerole science
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:x: Cannot remove this role.
karmic ether
unsub nerd
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❌ Bad argument: Group "nerd" not found.
polar swallow
faq german keyboard
main arrowBOT
Being able to type German letters is quite important!
- Schon = already. Schön = beautiful.
- Mutter = mother. Mütter = mothers.
How to? There are several options.
🔸 US International layout: if you're using a US keyboard or a keyboard based on it, the transition is very easy! Everything stays as you know it, except for some symbol keys like ~, ` or ", which can be pressed to add accents. For example " + a = ä. You can also do RightAlt + s = ß.
To use US International on Windows, look for the Region & Language options and switch your selected keyboard layout to US International.
:small_orange_diamond: Use a program like AutoHotkey to automatically type the symbols you need when you type certain shortcuts: https://www.autohotkey.com/
🔸 Alternatively, you can memorise the altcodes for German characters. Learning them is easier than you might think! Simply hold Alt and type the numbers on your numpad:
ä = 132; Ä = 142
ö = 148; Ö = 153
ü = 129; Ü = 154
ß = 225
🔸 If all else fails, you can use ASCII conventions for the characters: add an e to other vowels, and write ss or sz for ß. For example:
ae = ä
oe = ö
ue = ü
ss = ß
But this is discouraged since it's harder to read and... looks ugly. It is only done in situations where alternatives are impossible (fonts with no unicode etc).
frosty furnace
getrole Level B
gloomy crag
main arrowBOT
:x: You're already in this group.
next moss
f
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royal otter
help
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royal otter
help command
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Command or category "command" not found.
royal otter
help 2
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Command or category "2" not found.
royal otter
role
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royal otter
groups
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royal otter
help
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tender trellis
help
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tender trellis
group Gaming
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:x: You're already in this group.
wary vector
getrole level a
main arrowBOT
:x: You're already in this group.
tender trellis
groups
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grand shale
sub reading
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:x: You're already in this group.
main arrowBOT
❌ Bad argument: Role "native" not found.
:x: Sorry, this role is not assignable.
crimson bone
groups
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tender trellis
word
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rare sierra
info
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rare sierra
dog
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rare sierra
cat
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tender trellis
word
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sharp folio
getrole Level B
tender trellis
word
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dark swan
getrole Level b
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:x: You already have this role.
dark swan
removerole Level B
muted dirge
getrole Level B
proper ibex
tempovermeme 8h 320461438667718657
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Overmemed nedjelja for 8 hours.
plush zephyr
getrole Level B
karmic peak
info
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tender trellis
info
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visual isle
main arrowBOT
tender trellis
german
tender trellis
help star
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rough abyss
@tender trellis isn't the info here 🔼 missing the <what> parameter?
dark swan
getrole Level B
marsh river
groups food
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marsh river
😡
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❌ No translations found for word redse.
topaz crane
lookup de en Redsee
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❌ No translations found for word Redsee.
kindred wyvern
gr c
main arrowBOT
:heavy_check_mark: I replaced your old CEFR role with Level C.
vapid bay
help
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vapid bay
getrole level A
outer jewel
info dimanche
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❌ Bad argument: Member "dimanche" not found
outer jewel
info because of you
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wooden frost
@tender trellis hallo
wooden frost
Cause of heil
tender trellis
I didn't say heilXD
wooden frost
You said heilo
tender trellis
I said hello
wooden frost
Oh
tender trellis
one letter was l
wooden frost
My bad
wooden frost
Resume your happy German
But if you're trolling that's like 10/10 from me. Very creative. @tender trellis
Don't burn down the building while I'm still inside.
manic cliff
main arrowBOT
dense cave
faq beginner
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How to get started
The simplest way to learn German is to find topics you don’t understand yet and search for explanations of them. This list provides you with a guide for which topics to learn if you are completely new to German. Type the topic into Google (or YouTube) and start learning!
Introduction
1: Alphabet (especially ä, ü, ö and ß)
2: Basic greetings (hello, goodbye, etc.)
Part 1 - Simple Sentence
1: Noun gender & plurals
2: Nominative case (What are cases?)
3: Nominative pronouns (I, you, he, she, etc.)
4: Verbs in present tense
5: Definite/indefinite articles
6: Accusative case (for nouns)
7: Accusative pronouns
8: Word order of simple sentences
9: How to ask questions
Tips
- Always learn the gender of a noun when you learn a new noun
- Learn to use a translation dictionary (e.g. dict.cc, leo.org)
- Use
>faq resourcesto see our list of German learning resources - For listening and pronunciation practice, try watching movies or videos (incl. YouTube)
- You can listen to pronunciation for words on websites like dict.cc, forvo.com, and others
- Practice writing sentences every day (and asking people to correct them)
- Ask as many questions as possible
- Don’t be scared to make mistakes!!!! If you don’t let yourself make mistakes, you will never be able to learn German
main arrowBOT
FAQ not found. Did you mean...
Resources
Resource List
dense cave
faq resource list
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dense cave
@celest raft start here, this will give you a general Idea where to start if you have questions go to #questions.
narrow relic
getrole level a
thin iris
rr a
proper ibex
ex all
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simple glacier
explain um zu clause
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
um zu
simple glacier
explain um zu
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Usage of ZU
Zu is a word that has a lot of uses.
As a preposition it means “to/towards”. (see >ex Dative and >ex Prepositions of Place Part 1)
But it can also be used to indicate an infinitive/gerund in a sentence, for example:
(1) Es ist schwierig, Deutsch zu lernen. = “Learning German is hard.” or ”It’s hard to learn German.”
As you can see, the zu is placed before the infinitive verb that has no prefix or a non-separable prefix. For verbs with a separable prefix, the zu goes between the prefix and the verb with no space in between:
(2) Ich habe heute bloß vor, Essen einzukaufen. = I only plan to buy food today.
You can also see it in the um...zu structure, where it means ”in order to”.
The um goes to the beginning of the phrase and zu works the same way as explained above.
(3) Wir sind zum Supermarkt gegangen, um etwas Brot zu kaufen. = We went to the shop (in order) to buy some bread.
(4) Ich lerne Deutsch, um mit Deutschen reden zu können. = I am learning German (in order) to be able to speak to Germans.
‼you can use um...zu only if the people doing both actions are the same. So in the examples above:
• in (3) we go and we buy bread
• in (4) I learn and I speak
❌ *ich gebe ihm ein Geschenk, um er glücklich zu sein - This and other weird stuffs are WRONG!
🌟 Bonus: When you want to say in order to, but the subjects are different, you use the subordinate conjunction damit.
hollow cape
faq all
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hollow cape
faq cefr
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If you see something like A1, B2 or C1, these represent the proficiency of a speaker in a language they're not native in, and are called CEFR levels. They are valid for any language, not only German!
Roughly speaking, A levels are beginners and C levels are experts. Remember that CEFR level are self-assessed and indicative!
You can see more specific names and descriptions on the Wikipedia page:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_European_Framework_of_Reference_for_Languages
🗨 How do I know what level I am?
If the table on Wikipedia is too generic for you, you can try using this one here:
https://rm.coe.int/168045bb52
Just check each column one at a time: if you can do all it describes, move to the next column. Your level is the highest where you can do the most things.
Alternatively, you can use this questionnaire to estimate your level more accurately:
https://www.laits.utexas.edu/fi/sites/laits.utexas.edu.fi/files/Self Assessment Checklist European.pdf
austere kelp
faq level a
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FAQ not found. Did you mean...
CEFR levels
austere kelp
hmmm
ruby gale
faq all
tough pine
faq beibringen
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Study Vocabulary
Let’s take a look at differences in meanings between studieren, lernen, unterrichten, lehren and beibringen.
So what does studieren mean? Pfff, to study ofc, duh. Well, NO! Studieren is used only in the sense of studying at a university (or college).
(1) Ich studiere Mathematik. = “I study math as a uni student.”
To study as in to learn, to practice etc. translates to lernen.
(2) Ich lerne Mathematik. = “I’m learning/practicing math (for school).”
Now let’s compare the rest of the verbs - unterrichten, lehren and beibringen. They all mean to teach but are used in different contexts.
Unterrichten means to teach at an institute (school, language school) or some other formal way of teaching (private tutoring).
(3) Meine Schwester unterrichtet Deutsch am Goethe Institut = “My sister teaches German at the Goethe Institute.”
Lehren means to teach but as a tutor at a university.
(4) Herr Arrem lehrt die Kunst der Memes an der Nationalmemeuniversität Wien. = “Mister Arrem teaches the Art of Memes at the National Meme University of Vienna.”
Beibringen is more general, usually used with skills that you learn outside of an institute.
(5) Mein Vater hat mir beigebracht, wie man Fahrrad fährt. = “My father taught me how to ride a bike.”
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FAQ not found. Try >explain all.
tough pine
explain all
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tough pine
faq Dative
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The dative case (der Dativ) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the dative case?
Nouns, pronouns, and adjective declension is completely different compared to the nominative case. See >explain adjective declension for a full explanation.
🗨 When do I use the dative case?
The dative case has a great number of usages, many of which are idiomatic, but is mainly used:
- to mark the indirect object of many transitive verbs (the "indirect object" is that which receives the result of an action):
Ich habe dir ein Bier gekauft.
Sie gibt dem Mann das Buch.
Er zeigte ihm seinen Führerschein.
- to mark the object of some transitive verbs:
Dir fehlen die richtigen Materialien.
Es fällt mir gleich bestimmt wieder ein.
Das gefällt ihr gar nicht.
- after some prepositions:
Ich komme aus den USA.
Komm mit mir.
Ich lerne seit vielen Jahren Deutsch.
The following prepositions are always followed by the dative case:
aus, außer, bei, gegenüber, mit, nach, seit, von, zu
- after two-way prepositions when they do not indicate movement:
Das Bild hängt jetzt an der Wand.
Er geht im Wald. (he is roaming in the woods)
Sie steht vor mir.
- to show possession, mainly of clothing or body parts:
Ich habe mir in die Finger geschnitten.
Er hat ihr die Nase gebrochen.
Die Mütze fiel mir vom Kopf.
- with many adjectives:
Ich war mir nicht sicher.
Ist dir kalt?
Er ist seinem Bruder sehr ähnlich.
tough pine
faq genitive
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Genitive
The genitive case (der Genitiv) is one of the four cases of the German language. A case affects how a noun or noun phrase is inflected, and indicates the role of the noun or noun phrase in a clause.
🗨 How do I decline in the dative case?
Nouns and adjective declension is completely different compared to the nominative case. Pronoun declension does exist but it is virtually never used. See >explain adjective declension for a full explanation.
🗨 When do I use the genitive case?
The genitive case is mainly used:
- to link nouns, especially when showing possession
Dies ist der größte Bahnhof der Welt.
Die Hälfte des Kuchens gehört mir.
Es gibt noch einen Strahl der Hoffnung.
For proper names, the order is reversed and an 's' is attached to the proper name as long as it does not end with an 's' sound.
Deutschlands längster Fluss ist der Rhein.
- to mark the object of very few transitive verbs
Empfindliche Haut bedarf besonderer Pflege.
Heute gedenkt die Nation des Jahrestages der Verfassung.
Wir harren einer Antwort.
- after some prepositions
The following prepositions are commonly followed by the genitive case in written German, but usually with the dative case in spoken German:
(an)statt, trotz, während, wegen
Prepositions denoting position are usually followed by the genitive case:
außerhalb, innerhalb, oberhalb, unterhalb, jenseits
A great number of prepositions that are only used in formal German, such as:
angesichts, bezüglich, einschließlich, fernab, infolge, namens, seitens, zugunsten
- by adverbials of indefinite time
Eines Tages werde ich Deutsch beherrschen.
Sonntags sind wir meist unterwegs.
Eines Nachts hörte ihr Vater sie weinen.
Note the declension in the last sentence. Although ìt is die Nacht, it assumes a similar form as the rest.
steep mango
faq CH
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Languages of Switzerland
Officially, Switzerland has four languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh. These languages are however not all spoken in the same region and most Swiss people are not properly multilingual (with the exception of English, which is of course widely spoken throughout Western Europe as a second language). On top of these, there are more minority languages like Lombard and Franco-Provençal, which most people have not even heard of. Here’s a map of the official languages: https://i.imgur.com/MtCDzXZ.png>
German in Switzerland
In Switzerland, most German speakers natively speak a dialect called Swiss German. This dialect is generally spoken in everyday conversation, regardless of the level of formality, and there is no stigma associated with it. Meanwhile, school is held in Standard German from year one onwards, so German speaking Swiss are generally proficient in speaking Standard German. However, many feel that they cannot express themselves as well and try to avoid it if possible. Outside of school, Standard German is used in Switzerland primarily for writing and more generally in media. However, even there Swiss German is commonly encountered. For more information on Swiss German, check out >faq Swiss German
steep mango
faq swiss german
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What is Swiss German?
Swiss German is the common name for the group of dialects native to Switzerland. It is closely related to the dialects of south-western Germany (e.g. Swabian), and to a lesser extent to the dialects of Austria and Bavaria.
What do you mean, group of dialects?
Because Swiss German is not standardized in any way, there is a lot of variety in how people speak. The differences aren’t large enough to impede understanding, but they are definitely noticable and range from vocabulary over different sounds being used to even differences in grammar!
If I speak German to a Swiss person, will I be understood?
Yes.
All Swiss German speakers have gone through several years of schooling held in Standard German and will definitely understand you without any problems. However, not all Swiss German speakers are very comfortable speaking it themselves, so keep that in mind.
If I want to move to Switzerland, do I have to learn Swiss German?
First of all, make sure to actually learn Standard German. You’ll need it more urgently. But if that’s out of the way, I would advise you to at least learn to understand it. Swiss people really appreciate it when they don’t have to speak Standard German. You don’t have to learn to speak it yourself to integrate. But feel free to try!
Where can I learn Swiss German?
Good question. There’s a collection of resources here: https://www.reddit.com/r/German/comments/abswl2/i_made_a_collection_of_resources_for_learning/
If you find something, let us know. If you have questions, you can always ask in #dialects.
What does it sound like?
It’s been variously described as everything from melodious to throat cancer. Best you just listen yourself:
https://youtu.be/h5-If3WKqfg (Dialect of Graubünden)
https://youtu.be/Gz2S9iggdzM (Slightly over the top comparison)
https://youtu.be/PkGatIgXERI (Classic Bern German song)
See also: >faq Switzerland, >faq Dialects
steep mango
faq Switzerland
main arrowBOT
Languages of Switzerland
Officially, Switzerland has four languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh. These languages are however not all spoken in the same region and most Swiss people are not properly multilingual (with the exception of English, which is of course widely spoken throughout Western Europe as a second language). On top of these, there are more minority languages like Lombard and Franco-Provençal, which most people have not even heard of. Here’s a map of the official languages: https://i.imgur.com/MtCDzXZ.png>
German in Switzerland
In Switzerland, most German speakers natively speak a dialect called Swiss German. This dialect is generally spoken in everyday conversation, regardless of the level of formality, and there is no stigma associated with it. Meanwhile, school is held in Standard German from year one onwards, so German speaking Swiss are generally proficient in speaking Standard German. However, many feel that they cannot express themselves as well and try to avoid it if possible. Outside of school, Standard German is used in Switzerland primarily for writing and more generally in media. However, even there Swiss German is commonly encountered. For more information on Swiss German, check out >faq Swiss German
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When learning languages, it's useful to know some grammatical terms.
Note that these are very simplified definitions aimed at giving you a general idea: do your own research if you need details.
- Adjective: a word that describes a name: the dog is old or the smart kid.
- Adverb: something that aids the verb or other part of the sentence, or words that don't fall into other categories: yes, I've done it swiftly or he's very good.
- Affix: a small word piece attached to another word to change its meaning. If it comes before the word it's a prefix: __in__credible, after it it's a suffix: time__ly__.
- Article: a word that tells you if a name is specific or generic: the apple, an apple.
- Case: the form of a word depending on its role: he and him refer to the same person, but he gives an apple to him.
- Clause: each unit that has one conjugated verb. Those before and after the comma are each a clause: Berzi said something, but I didn't understand.
- Conjugation: the form a verb takes depending on when it happens and who does it: I go, he goes, he went are all conjugations of the same verb.
- Conjunction: a word that connects two clauses together: he went there but I didn't.
- Declension: the form a word takes depending on its case: der Mann is a subject, den Mann is an object.
- Noun: the name of a thing, such as table or dog.
- Object: the one at the receiving end of the verb, or being affected by it directly: he touched me, she gave her an apple.
- Pronoun: a word that stands in for a name: he gave me a ring. I like it.
- Subject: the one that enacts the verb in first person: I saw a dog or a dog saw me.
- Tense: the form of a verb depending on when it happens: I see: present, I will see: future.
- Verb: a word describing an action: I go running every day.
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faq
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faq beginner
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How to get started
The simplest way to learn German is to find topics you don’t understand yet and search for explanations of them. This list provides you with a guide for which topics to learn if you are completely new to German. Type the topic into Google (or YouTube) and start learning!
Introduction
1: Alphabet (especially ä, ü, ö and ß)
2: Basic greetings (hello, goodbye, etc.)
Part 1 - Simple Sentence
1: Noun gender & plurals
2: Nominative case (What are cases?)
3: Nominative pronouns (I, you, he, she, etc.)
4: Verbs in present tense
5: Definite/indefinite articles
6: Accusative case (for nouns)
7: Accusative pronouns
8: Word order of simple sentences
9: How to ask questions
Tips
- Always learn the gender of a noun when you learn a new noun
- Learn to use a translation dictionary (e.g. dict.cc, leo.org)
- Use
>faq resourcesto see our list of German learning resources - For listening and pronunciation practice, try watching movies or videos (incl. YouTube)
- You can listen to pronunciation for words on websites like dict.cc, forvo.com, and others
- Practice writing sentences every day (and asking people to correct them)
- Ask as many questions as possible
- Don’t be scared to make mistakes!!!! If you don’t let yourself make mistakes, you will never be able to learn German
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:x: Cannot remove this role.
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ex KII
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KII 1
KII 2
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Konjunktiv II: Usage
Konjunktiv II is a grammatical mood that expresses irreality - it describes something that isn't guaranteed to happen.
(1) Wenn ich Millionen Dollar hätte, würde ich alle Speisen der ganzen Welt probieren. = “If I had million dollars, I would try all dishes around the world.”
(2) Wäre ich Mod, würde ich alle bannen. = “If I were a Mod, I would ban everybody.”
Konjunktiv II is also used as a form of politeness.
(3) Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen? = “Could you help me, please?”
And it also replaces Konjunktiv I (see >explain Konjunktiv I) when the conjugation of Konjunktiv I is ambiguous. For example, when it matches Präsens:
(4) Sie sagte, ich brauche sie. ➡️ Sie sagte, ich würde sie brauchen.
Now that we have explained the usage of Konjunktiv II, let’s see how it’s built!
Type >explain Structure of Konjunktiv II to read the second part.
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explain Structure of Konjunktiv II
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Structure of Konjunktiv II
In the first part, we explained the usage of Konjunktiv II. (see >explain Usage of Konjunktiv II)
Now let’s see how it’s built!
We can create KII through Präteritum - slap an Umlaut on the verb and add the suffixes of Konjunktiv I (or basically suffixes of Präteritum without the -t-).
(5) Ich äße gern mehr, aber ich bin schon satt. = “I would love to eat more but I’m already full.”
(6) Wäre ich nicht arm, ginge ich ab und zu außer Haus essen = “If I wasn’t poor, I would eat out now and then.”
(7) Ich probierte diese Speisen gern, wenn sie nicht ein Vermögen kosten. = “I’d love to try these dishes if they didn’t cost a fortune.”
⁉️ Wait, what?! Isn’t the verb in example (7) in Präteritum?!
Well, yeah, building KII through Präteritum works well with strong verbs, but it doesn’t show in weak verbs because the forms are the same in both Konjunktiv II and Präteritum.
So how do we distinguish between these two?
For weak verb, the würden-structure is used. Würden (= werden in KII) acts as an auxiliary verb with infinitive. The meaning doesn’t change, it’s just clearer what we want to say.
So if we rewrite (7):
(8) Ich würde diese Speisen gern probieren, wenn sie nicht ein Vermögen kosten.
As you can see, würden stays at the second position and the infinitive goes to the end of a clause.
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Structure of Konjunktiv II
In the first part, we explained the usage of Konjunktiv II. (see >explain Usage of Konjunktiv II)
Now let’s see how it’s built!
We can create KII through Präteritum - slap an Umlaut on the verb and add the suffixes of Konjunktiv I (or basically suffixes of Präteritum without the -t-).
(5) Ich äße gern mehr, aber ich bin schon satt. = “I would love to eat more but I’m already full.”
(6) Wäre ich nicht arm, ginge ich ab und zu außer Haus essen = “If I wasn’t poor, I would eat out now and then.”
(7) Ich probierte diese Speisen gern, wenn sie nicht ein Vermögen kosten. = “I’d love to try these dishes if they didn’t cost a fortune.”
⁉️ Wait, what?! Isn’t the verb in example (7) in Präteritum?!
Well, yeah, building KII through Präteritum works well with strong verbs, but it doesn’t show in weak verbs because the forms are the same in both Konjunktiv II and Präteritum.
So how do we distinguish between these two?
For weak verb, the würden-structure is used. Würden (= werden in KII) acts as an auxiliary verb with infinitive. The meaning doesn’t change, it’s just clearer what we want to say.
So if we rewrite (7):
(8) Ich würde diese Speisen gern probieren, wenn sie nicht ein Vermögen kosten.
As you can see, würden stays at the second position and the infinitive goes to the end of a clause.
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My bad 🤔
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What ||is||
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