This can still happen. A successful refund does not block a dispute.
Common reasons:
- The cardholder filed the dispute before the refund settled (Visa refunds can take 5–10 business days).
- The cardholder didn’t recognize the refund descriptor.
- Their bank processed the dispute automatically.
What to do now:
- Respond to the dispute and submit the refund confirmation + timestamp.
- The dispute will usually be closed in your favor once the bank verifies the refund.
- Do not refund again.
If you already see the refund marked as succeeded, you’re covered — just complete the dispute response.