Repairing guns
Guns must be repaired to progress since you can't buy them from traders with GAMMA Economy. Indeed, the EU and UN decided to put a stop at the bloodshed in the Zone as well as guns smuggling from the Zone to the nearby countries by trying to limit guns traffic, and no faction want to have problems with more Private Military Companies paid by these organisms, PMCs are already crawling enough within the Zone.
"Limiting guns traffic?! Tell that to politics when you have monolithans in front of you!!!! Why do think Monolith is back after all these years?! Fuck the EU and UN!"
- Illich Popov, Veteran Loner.
You can loot guns from stashes or dead stalkers though, and that's how you will make it to the North in one piece. Most of them will be destroyed and you'll need to fix them or they will jam very often.
Keep in mind that gun's condition is separated from parts conditions. Gun condition represents how clean a gun is and will change parts degradation and promote jamming. Jams are coming from the actual gun parts. Repairing the gun condition will not repair the gun's parts. Each part must be repaired individually. Each part affects the gun jamming frequency but the barrel. The barrel changes the damage the gun deals, to some extent.
To repair guns you have two ways:
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Collect parts for the weapon that are above 60% condition and repair them with the appropriate tool to 100% condition (ramrod, Multitool... Check the part's details). Drag and drop the repaired parts on the gun, it will limit the chance of the gun jamming. Moving parts in and out of the gun will will make it less clean. Barrels can't be replaced that way, you need the appropriate toolkit and replace it in the crafting / repair menu (launched in a vice or after right clicking and "use" a toolkit).
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If a gun has a barrel with a condition above 60% condition, you can buy a cleaning kit from mechanics and right click the gun > clean barrel. Same for other parts. It's an easy way to get good guns early since you can buy cleaning kit without any toolkits unlocked.
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Alternatively, you can get the appropriate repair kit, right click the gun and "maintain parts" it will allow you to replace the guns parts for 100% condition parts automatically, but will consume a repair kit use. It can even replace barrels. These kits can be crafted or bought to mechanics once you have the appropriate toolkit (basic, advanced or expert).
You must also clean the gun using cleaning equipment or paying a mechanic to do it. Cleaning a gun will not repair its parts but will prevent parts to be degraded when using the gun.