Here is what the exercise wants from us:
Let $t$ be a positive real number. On the sides $AB$, $AC$, $BC$ of triangle $ABC$, consider points $C_t$, $B_t$, and $A_t$, respectively, such that $\frac{AC_t}{C_tB} = \frac{BA_t}{A_tC} = \frac{CB_t}{B_tA} = t$.
\begin{enumerate}[a)]
\item Prove that for any $t$, triangles $ABC$ and $A_tB_tC_t$ have the same centroid.
\end{enumerate}
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The problem
I need to prove that they have the same centroid. I was thinking of a vectorial approach but could not come up with anything.
The solution for this problem begins like so:
From the hypothesis, we immediately deduce that $\overrightarrow{CA_t} = \frac{1}{t+1} \overrightarrow{CB}$ and $\overrightarrow{BC_t} = \frac{1}{t+1} \overrightarrow{BA}$ respectively, and $\overrightarrow{AB_t} = \frac{1}{t+1} \overrightarrow{AC}$.
But how did they deduce that?
reaction for more information.