Unsure about what triggered it, or if it's even reproducible, since I've entered this area a bunch of times already without issues.
The last few things I did were going to Lowtown to farm a but of coins, I then returned to the Central Shrine and bought the Queen's key, I walked a bit around, went back to the store to see if I wanted something else, didn't buy anything because I only had one coin to my name, and I went straight past the fishing spot's door, the elevator left without me, so I returned to the door and as soon as I opened it the game closed itself.
There wasn't even a loading screen (the one were you see Illya running), the game just closed itself. I didn't receive a crash message from windows either, which was awkward.
My progress did get saved, I still had the Queen's key and my coins were still down to 1 when I reopened the game, I appeared at the last shrine I had rested.