and later mark them as pass/fail back into the scheduler,
I don't know what you mean by that.
But everything else you described is basically how the Leech feature works -- https://docs.ankiweb.net/leeches.html. If you set the cards to suspend, you'll have to manually unsuspend them. But you don't want the leech counter to "reset," it keeps counting and will take action on the card again.