(Astro/Theoretical) Physics and Mathematics

[split wolf]

im chinese

[amber nimbus]

I grew up with celcius and I still find it more intuitive than any other

[unique dragon]

Same

[split wolf]

my parents only used celsius until I was like 12

[amber nimbus]

Im used to 0C being freezing of water, under 10C its cold, 14C it gets better, 18C is nice, 21C OOOO, 25C max, 30C help

then into the negatives its also pretty cool how it directly relates to ice thickness

[split wolf]

ew 21C is so warm

[amber nimbus]

-1C = 1cm ice
its crazy

[unique dragon]

In India, 30C was normal lol

[amber nimbus]

30C normal?!

hell naw tropical temps

[unique dragon]

we are now seeing temps reach 45C where my parents live

[amber nimbus]

our heat record is set at 40.7C

our cold record is like -20C or smth

this scale though wtf

[unique dragon]

agreed

[amber nimbus]

so 9T(Celcius)/5 + 32 = F

[split wolf]

Yes

[amber nimbus]

thats one hella painful conversion

[split wolf]

Between 0 and 100 f is comfort

[hexed token]

aww

[split wolf]

Gotta drive lol brb

[unique dragon]

"Several accounts of how he originally defined his scale exist, but the original paper suggests the lower defining point, 0 °F, was established as the freezing temperature of a solution of brine made from a mixture of water, ice, and ammonium chloride (a salt). The other limit established was his best estimate of the average human body temperature, originally set at 90 °F, then 96 °F (about 2.6 °F less than the modern value due to a later redefinition of the scale)."

[amber nimbus]

I rather multiply by 1.602176565*10^-19 to get to J than use strange conversions to get like idk some american unit for energy

[unique dragon]

dude just made shit up and it became a scale

[amber nimbus]

Like loaded shotguns per square inch or smth

[amber nimbus]

This method sounds so... unscientific

You dont define a 0 point using a mixture 💀

[hexed token]

F has such a bad definition of what it actually feels like

[unique dragon]

he also assumed 90F as a random body temp lol

which he later corrected

[amber nimbus]

Kelvin and C were defiend using dH2O

[amber nimbus]

idk even know what that is in C

let me calculate it

90-32 = 68
so 5*68/9

that is... 340/9

[hexed token]

the gap between differences in temperature gets insane the further you go up

[unique dragon]

its 32.2C lol

[amber nimbus]

yeah I was about to say approx 34C but 32.2C thats low

[unique dragon]

yea hence he corrected to 96F lol

which was still wrong

[amber nimbus]

A scale done by guessing is so unscientific

[unique dragon]

yea I never read into how F was developed but damn its a complete arbitrary scale

[amber nimbus]

Also did you know the size of a foot is not the same everywhere

so if you use the unit "foot" you need to first know which

[hexed token]

feels like values when using °F are so funny

how is it going to be 90 with a feels like of 110 or more those are way different numbers

[split wolf]

Its called ur heat budget

[dense hemlock]

interesting, prob very rare to see someone outside murica/uk/canada/oz to use fahrenheit

[dense hemlock]

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/newton-gravitational-constant-physics

Why is it difficult to find the big G?

[amber nimbus]

Dark Matter and Dark Energy

[unique dragon]

Such a high entropy set-up, isn't it?

[amber nimbus]

Thats a lot of entropy

Also barely any laminar flow

[amber nimbus]

https://vxtwitter.com/drbecky_/status/1684996210870919168?t=_ulbDTNmhkbNrl--hdPTtg&s=19

[honest crypt]

@amber nimbus how exactly is obliquity removed during the process of tidal locking

Some kinda dissipation when the object stretches in certain ways, right?

[amber nimbus]

Think of it as a ball

An elastic one

What happens if you pull on it from one side

[uneven pawn]

tidal locking is a state of equilibrium; an object w/ significant axial tilt relative to its orbital plane will be out of equilibrium

to make this easier to imagine, we can set up a thought experiment:

instead of a typical, almost-spherical satellite, imagine that satellite as an elongated object like a rod (some small moons are actually pretty elongated)

in a state of equilibrium, the length of this rod will point consistently towards the parent planet's center. introducing axial tilt means this will no longer be true, and therefore typical methods of dissipating energy will apply until equilibrium is achieved

[amber nimbus]

Pi can be written as a fraction or as an equation

[amber nimbus]

https://youtu.be/byN4S8WDPt8

Big stuff this

[low shell]

π=π/1

[amber nimbus]

Nooo not that one

Lmfao

[amber nimbus]

https://twitter.com/drbecky_/status/1686089078557614080?t=cKCQdMrNOsVVtcq02NqWOQ&s=19

Dr Becky Smethurst (@drbecky_)

The first test images from the Euclid Space Telescope are here!

Likes

234

▶ Play video

Twitter · Jul 31, 2023, 6:58 PM

Ayooooo

EUCLID

IS NUTS

[low shell]

π=π/(c*hbar)

😉

[amber nimbus]

Oh cmon

Lmao

[low shell]

Natural units are based

[amber nimbus]

Why don't we say block 1 with mass M1 collides with block 2 with mass m2

[low shell]

real question is +,-,-,- or -,+,+,+

[amber nimbus]

Nyehehehe

One of my favorites is log(i²)/i

But I prefer the sqrt sum method

@low shell lmfao

[low shell]

I hate these identities 😭

Actually nah

The 2nd one is based

[amber nimbus]

I agree

[unique dragon]

https://twitter.com/Andercot/status/1686286684424691712?t=NzKvCQLZLV-83mXmpcW3Wg&s=19

Andrew Cote (@Andercot)

First claimed successful replication of LK-99

Accomplished by a team at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology and posted 30 minutes ago.

Why this is evidence:
The LK-99 flake slightly levitates for both orientations of the magnetic field, meaning it is not simply a…

Likes

5823

Retweets

1918

▶ Play video

Twitter · Aug 1, 2023, 8:04 AM

[low shell]

Oh wow it was replicated

Oh read the whole tweet lol

[unique dragon]

Actually, yes, but further tests on diamagnetism is still needed

But that gives it 60-70% that we have touched gold already

Scientists are now extra cautious on that discovery because of Diaz scandal

[low shell]

Either a Nobel prize is in order or this is going to be a really funny drama

[unique dragon]

But with that development, stars seem to lean to the former, and this discovery is not just a Nobel Prize qualifier, this would be a world-changer, by being a potential king-maker to technological innovations that could be as impactful as ChatGPT

[low shell]

lol this would be waaay more impactful than chat GPT

[unique dragon]

In in itself, no

[low shell]

I’m still skeptical for now but a lot of my doubts have been answered

[unique dragon]

But quantum computers and nuclear fusion they are

[low shell]

yes that’s my point

[unique dragon]

As we should

[low shell]

someone finding a possible theoretical basis is huge too

[unique dragon]

Yes, at least, we're getting a step away from a Diaz repeat

[low shell]

Should help with particle physics too probably

If this result is true this is a pretty good time to be an experimentalist

Or a theorist ig

[unique dragon]

Regardless, Physics is a drug intelligent humans can't quit, but at least, this provides real benefits to the world

[low shell]

Yeah good summary imo

[amber nimbus]

Quantum computers already work and the European supercomputer is coupled to the big one in Paris, France. And Fusion well Helion is pretty close now with their new reactor taking shape and ITER ramping up. At least that is what I could get from reading the CERN courant

We are in a pretty big era for science rn

Second quantum revolution

Ffs bot

That's at CERN ^^

[amber nimbus]

Physics is like sex. Except it's better

[unique dragon]

Then it's a best decision for a sexless man like me to pursue Physics

[amber nimbus]

Lmao

Tbh if you do it right physics can get you girls

Chemistry and Physics both are great girls attractors I noticed ever since I started wearing my CERN shirt and hoodie lmao

Has the literal SMOP equation on it

Acting confident helps too

[unique dragon]

Actually girls come naturally if you know yourself yes

Actually I would like to be in between Quantum Information and Quantum Field Theory in my research, want to pursue my passion, but also want something to build a business with

Hopefully I'll find my ikigai there

[amber nimbus]

I remember when a girl (a friend of my best friend) asked me what I planned to pursue. i said physics and meteorology

She started flirting so so hard

💀💀

Well we kinda had this chemistry going on all the time

[unique dragon]

Did you reply to her with an intention to be her boyfriend heehee

[amber nimbus]

Nahh

I was insecure a f during that time

[unique dragon]

But would you accept her if she asked you to be her boyfriend

[amber nimbus]

Perhaps

Id ask her for a dinner + movie date first

But yeah she is defo my type

Also I got three copies of this

I also follow CERN/ATLAS on insta

[unique dragon]

But yeah Quantum Field Theory is even more interesting, right now it's helping Quantum Information Science and after that, it might revolutionize HEP/Cosmology once again

It's exciting both in near-term and medium-term

[amber nimbus]

Euclid is a project partially funded by ATLAS

You know Euclid Space Telescope

[unique dragon]

What are the specifications of that telescope again?

[amber nimbus]

That is going to study DM and DE

Forgot what it could do again but its nuts

[amber nimbus]

Test images

[unique dragon]

Like what's the payload

[amber nimbus]

Massive camera. Antimatter collector, antennas, instruments

Also has a biggg mirror

[unique dragon]

Proxy study of DM/DE yet again

The fact that we don't even properly know how to observe DM and DE because we don't know exactly who's them makes HEP more interesting

[amber nimbus]

This is a proper one actually

Euclid is designed to directly map out the influences

Its a game changer

[unique dragon]

Well, influences

[amber nimbus]

Of course

We dont know what its made of and we cant directly detect it

By studying practically the entire sky in great detail it should become clear

Esp with the muons and antimatter

[unique dragon]

Or there's even a theory that DE is just well, gravity

Hyperbolicization of spacetime by black hole's gravity to be precise

But again, like in KPOP, still a hypothesis

KPOP also has a lot of rumors but that;s not our topic

[low shell]

Cern is pretty sick

[amber nimbus]

They are building the new 100km collider's tunnel already

Due in 2029

[amber nimbus]

That theory and extraordinary claim was debunked rather fast

Didnt account for the total numbers and influence observed

[low shell]

Hopefully their detectors don’t have the same reconstruction issue that they currently have lol

[amber nimbus]

Yep lol

[low shell]

The next generation of accelerators is exciting

With cern upgrades and belle-2

[amber nimbus]

I heard abt that yeah

[honest crypt]

I know that a child object’s gravitational dominance zone is not a sphere, but how is the “hill sphere” defined?

[dense hemlock]

A hill sphere of a planet is where something less massive can orbit the planet, not too close where tidal forces rip the moon apart, and not too far where the sun’s gravity would play tug-of-war with the planet and the moon’s orbit is unstable

Basically the place where an orbiting object could have a stable orbit

[honest crypt]

I mean the official mathematical definition

I remember how universe sandbox legacy would show them

[unique dragon]

Not really Theoretical Physics since this is Neural Network but is honestly intriguing how to replicate such compactification at least as a dual of known compacifications in HEP

[uneven pawn]

that is the maximum region of stability, not an object's hill sphere

a satellite can be within an object's hill sphere and still have an unstable orbit

[amber nimbus]

Its physics so its fine here

[unique dragon]

And also you said "and Mathematics", NN is Math 🤓

[amber nimbus]

Yeah correct

No need for nerd emoji it fits

The region of space around an object where a satellite could orbit indefinitely is called the Hill sphere, roughly defined as where the object's gravitational field is stronger than that exerted by another object outside the sphere.
Via Newscientist

[amber nimbus]

The math gets fun to say the least

@unique dragon enjoy lmao

Wait I can torture @keen igloo with this

[keen igloo]

suffer

[amber nimbus]

Non

[dense hemlock]

oh

sorry there

[dense hemlock]

so its anywhere where an object could orbit?

[dense hemlock]

wait

[amber nimbus]

Worked out some on the first integral

Wait this can be simplified again

Lmfao why am I making this so hard for myself sometimes

Its literally basics

Much better

[amber nimbus]

And now my input prompt

$\displaystyle = -2\pi G\sigma mR² \qty[\int \frac{s(r²+s²-R²)}{2r²Rs³}ds]^{s_2}_{s_1}$

$\displaystyle = -2\pi G\sigma mR² \qty[\int \frac{r²+s²-R²}{2r²Rs²}ds]^{s_2}_{s_1}$

$\displaystyle \qty[\int \frac{r²+s²-R²}{2r²Rs²}ds]^{s_2}_{s_1} = \qty[\int \frac{r²}{2r²Rs²}+ \frac{s²}{2r²Rs²} - \frac{R²}{2r²Rs²}ds]^{s_2}_{s_1}$
=
$\qty[\int \frac{1}{2Rs²}+ \frac{1}{2r²R} - \frac{R}{2r²s²}ds]^{s_2}_{s_1}$

$\qty[\int \frac{r²+s²-R²}{2r²Rs²}ds]^{s_2}_{s_1} = \qty[\int \frac{r²}{2r²Rs²}+ \frac{s²}{2r²Rs²} - \frac{R²}{2r²Rs²}ds]^{s_2}_{s_1}$
=
$\frac{1}{2R} \int_{s_1}^{s_2} \frac{1}{s²} ds + \int_{s_1}^{s_2} \frac{1}{2r²R} ds - \frac{R}{2r²} \int_{s_1}^{s_2} \frac{1}{s²}ds$

=
$-\frac{1}{2(s_2 - s_1) R} + \frac{s_2 - s_1}{2r²R} + \frac{R}{(s_2 - s_1) r²}$

=
$-\frac{1}{2(\sum_{n=0}^{2}- \Delta R) R} + \frac{\sum_{n=0}^{2} - \Delta R}{2r²R} + \frac{R}{(\sum_{n=0}^{2} - \Delta R) r²}$

$\Rightarrow -\frac{1}{4R²} + \frac{1}{r²} \cdot\frac{2}{2} + \frac{1}{2r²}$

$\Rightarrow 2\pi G\sigma mR² \qty[\frac{3}{2r²} -\frac{1}{4R²} ]$

Where $s_1 = r-R \approx \Delta R$ and $s_2 = r+R \approx \sum_{n=0}^{2} r_n$ and $r_2 = R$```

[unique dragon]

I'm watching the livestream rn

https://www.youtube.com/live/iESVlSxPuv8?feature=share

[amber nimbus]

Ah yes abt LK-99

[amber nimbus]

https://youtu.be/psi7u6Q6dRw

[lilac crystal]

Lmao text glitch

[lilac crystal]

Oppenheimer went learning about if stuff 10,000,000,000x the power of nukes exist to making a nuke himself

(Not really himself)

[amber nimbus]

He was a theoretical physicist specialised into qauntum mechaniscs. Specifically the Neutron

He theorised about what happens during supernovae and what happens to the core of the star after

He was the first to find Neutron Stars as a solution to the Einstein Field Equations

The atom bomb or thermonuclear bomb as it should be called came way later

It was not even in his interests field

In fact. The thermonuclear bomb frightened him

[unique dragon]

Apparently, it ended in a failure once again

[amber nimbus]

kekw

[unique dragon]

But you know it's more interesting

CMTC is now projecting that there could be new model yet to be framed

The mode of levitaton is also not ferromagnetic

[uneven pawn]

it's been expected that levitation was at least due to strong diamagnetism for a while

[amber nimbus]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLWb5QBVQMc
Great video ngl although I am defo a lot more into astrophys than this guy xD

About feedback and being tricked by their prof

[uneven pawn]

a friend compiled a chart of all bodies known or highly suspected of hosting liquid water

all bodies are too scale and as much to true color as she could have em

venus technically has liquid water too if you count a pitifully small volume contained in high-altitude cloud droplets which are "only" 30% sulfuric acid

[amber nimbus]

HCl (aq) still counts as having H2O(l)
HS (aq) counts too

as long as it is soluted in water

[amber nimbus]

No Europa that is interesting

[uneven pawn]

there is europa

[uneven pawn]

the majority of venus's clouds are sulfuric acid

overwhelmingly

[uneven pawn]

the full list of bodies are:

earth
mars
ceres
europa | ganymede | callisto
enceladus | dione | titan
miranda | ariel | titania | oberon
triton
pluto

[vernal root]

Maybe we could mine those clouds for replete and cheap sources of sulfuric acid

[uneven pawn]

sulfur on earth which can be used to produce sulfuric acid isn't terribly uncommon nor expensive

[amber nimbus]

mining from space is expontentially more expensive than just from Earth

Most water soluable things here are easy to get

Esp HS-

And H2S too

[vernal root]

Yeah, I understand that.

Kind of would be funny if there is some weird life on Venus that revolves around sulfuric acid

[amber nimbus]

There is a big reason why earth as C-based life actually

C is the most stable and most functional element for life

Si is by far not as stable and sulfur-based defo not too

[uneven pawn]

rings of chiron confirmed via occultation

unlike the rings of several other minor/dwarf planets, chiron's rings appear to be much broader

[honest crypt]

So ik that a planet’s gravitational dominance region is a teardrop shape area

[loud leaf]

CHEMESTRY IS BETTER

[amber nimbus]

As a chem major student, chem is amazing but its just as good as physics

it is in-fact pracitcally physics

[loud leaf]

🤓

you wouldnt have physics if wasnt for bio chem

cus u be not exist

[amber nimbus]

bio chem also requires physics

thermodynamics and pH and pOH are physics

Without them and you miss out some of the most important parts of biology and chemistry

and please keep talk here serious and on-topic to the chat.

[dense hemlock]

How many small objects in the solar system have rings?

Haumea, Chiron, Chariklo

What else?

Oh look a fourth one

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05629-6

There seems to be some questions over that the ring is not within the roche limit of Quaoar

[uneven pawn]

quaoar has two rings, actually; i am relatively confident that the outer ring is similar in dynamics to saturn's F ring where shepherd moons and collisions maintain a highly disturbed ring

spin-orbit resonances certainly help as well

[unique dragon]

And the LK99 train never ends, https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.04353

[amber nimbus]

The movie Oppenheimer gets the physics pretty much right

They do leave some pretty big gaps though that wouldve mattered a lot...

And not including the Castle Bravo test in the movie was just bullcrap tbh

When you got Richard Feynam, Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, Hill, Albert Einstein, President Eisenhowever, and you proceed to not include the Castle Bravo test, come on man

And the fission and fusion things they never really explained it well

In the theater a lot of people were clueless and meanwhile me knew so much abt it that I started doing the math in my head

So we got U-235

Which has to be enriched

U-235 is known to be an isotope of Urane that can go supercritical

Especially when you isolate it

But what you need is high-quality enriched U-235 with exactly the right ratio of (Z/A)^2

If the U-235 isotope is ever so slightly too unstable, the power surge cuts and the fission reaction occurs in an uncontrolled manner and no bomb will detonate.

And theres a few inconsistencies theyve mentioned with QM

@unique dragon they did briefly talk about QFT and the discovery of molecules and their importance but never continued to use it as if it didnt matter for the movie when in actuality the understanding of the workings of molecules is what led physicists to study fission and fusion as much as they did.

They also mentioned D2O and D but never explained what it is and why its important either.

[dense hemlock]

The thing about learning physics is that you become frustratingly pedantic while enjoying popular media, this is a known rule /j

[amber nimbus]

You never enjoy movies again

Thats truth

[amber nimbus]

Chadwick (1932; discovery of neutron report) - https://www.nature.com/articles/129312a0
Oppenheimer & Volkoff (1939; maximum mass of a neutron star) - https://journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/...
Oppenheimer & Snyder (1939; gravitational collapse beyond maximum limit) - https://journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/...
Tolman (1934; textbook) - https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?i...
Fermi et al. (1934; radioactivity from neutron bombardment) - https://www.jstor.org/stable/2935604?...
Hahn & Strassman (1939; chemistry of nuclear fission)
Meitner & Frisch (1939; physics of nuclear fission) - https://www.nature.com/articles/143239a0
Hawking (1974; black holes in GR) - https://link.springer.com/article/10....
Penrose (1964) - https://journals.aps.org/prl/pdf/10.1...
Hawking (1971; gravitationally collared objects of low mass) - https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/p...
Rezzolla, Most & Weih (2018; revised TOV limit from LIGO) - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
Webster & Murdin (1972; first observational black hole candidate) - https://www.nature.com/articles/235037a0

[amber nimbus]

guess the physics concept

[lilac crystal]

Circumference of a Neutron Star

[amber nimbus]

wrong

Totally different maths for that

and way easier

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6tXIoViA_0g
new upload

[lilac crystal]

Geometric value of Sum

[amber nimbus]

No

It is called Hill Sphere

Keep things serious. So not random GIFs.

[lilac crystal]

ok

What is a Hill Sphere

[amber nimbus]

The region of space around an object where a satellite could orbit indefinitely is called the Hill sphere, roughly defined as where the object's gravitational field is stronger than that exerted by another object outside the sphere.

[lilac crystal]

So like Mars’s moon Phobos isn’t a hill sphere since it’s said to crash into it in like a million years

Or the moon is currently drifting away from us every few centimeters every year

[amber nimbus]

Yes

Those are not in the Hill Sphere ever so slightly

Albeit the moon distancing itself is cosmologically so small that it can be approximated as within the Hill Sphere

[uneven pawn]

they are in the hill sphere

the definition does not take into account tidal effects besides arguably the roche limit (can't have a moon inside a hill sphere if you have no moon) and instabilities exerted by the parent star

self-correction: external influences are not accounted for beyond strength of gravitational pull on a secondary object compared to the strength of the gravitational pull of the primary object

hence, a large region of the hill sphere exists where no stable orbits can be achieved

[amber nimbus]

Ah that makes loads of sense

Ty

[uneven pawn]

yea it's basically an approximation for partitioning regions of space based upon which body's gravitational pull dominates

[amber nimbus]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2QI88aLyaOs

[keen igloo]

@amber nimbus will like what I get to have fun with this fall lol

[amber nimbus]

Oo

[keen igloo]

Time to make sure I get not an A in this class

[amber nimbus]

Get an X

[honest crypt]

Hey Alex when you wake up usually?

[amber nimbus]

Like 07:30 to 08:00

So I got 7 to 8h sleep

[amber nimbus]

@keen igloo

this is what I gotta do for sem 1 for my physics major

[keen igloo]

Fun

[amber nimbus]

I bet you will enjoy Analysis 1

(Calc 1)

[dense hemlock]

why tf can plasma in stars be described as an ideal gas?????

[amber nimbus]

Its an assumption that can be made yes

[amber nimbus]

@keen igloo will enjoy this schedule fr

3/5 days in the week calc

[keen igloo]

Yuck

[amber nimbus]

it gets better

[amber nimbus]

so im gonna have to learn stuff as this for my coming year

curious how itll go ngl

gotta study hard ig

[amber nimbus]

the math is easy

@fast widget would agree

[vernal root]

I would too

[low shell]

https://twitter.com/pkoppenburg/status/1694627870792933876?s=46&t=NFeBWZZfF8yual3UjjKGxw

Patrick Koppenburg 🐧 (@PKoppenburg)

First evidence of B⁺→K⁺νν̅ by @belle2collab 👏👏 . That mode is hard to see as the neutrinos escape.

Twitter · Aug 24, 2023, 8:29 AM

I’m sure the reconstruction of this mode was fun lol

But this is cool, promising result

[amber nimbus]

Ooo

[honest crypt]

A few years ago we thought Antares will go before Betelgeuse, as shown in this video: https://youtu.be/uD4izuDMUQA?si=ZkADuDDiOPADGmGe

[amber nimbus]

such things are still very much theories for most part and a lot based on claims tbf

[amber nimbus]

@keen igloo would be happy

[lilac crystal]

This video could actually give you a panic attack

Not kidding

[amber nimbus]

This is one of the things @spark ravine

Not very hard

Without the limit its the Riemann Sum approximation of a graph

[spark ravine]

I'm going to be honest this looks too complex for me, it's probably easy to solve though

[amber nimbus]

Its very easy

It basically means if I integrate 2x I get x² + C

The C term is that small deviation factor you can have as error margin

In physics its very good to know how big that C is

[spark ravine]

I'm still a bit lost tbh. Maths ain't my strong point

[amber nimbus]

This is the easy stuff

[spark ravine]

Looking at it deeper , it does seem easy to solve

[honest crypt]

Visuals and storyline, eh?

[honest crypt]

Tidal forces in and around the iss accelerates things in seemingly random directions

[devout talon]

I never knew this channel was here lol

[devout talon]

You learn analysis? That's great

[amber nimbus]

Yeah already had two lectures

[amber nimbus]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Q3SsyYpkoA

[amber nimbus]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-aKtpCta9-Q

WOAH

PAPERS FROM BECKY

LES GO

[uneven pawn]

got to see some telescopes at uni's observatory heehoo

thicc mfers

anyways uhhhh new paper to throw into the eternal bonfire that is the debate over the history of saturn's satellites and their evolution https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.03861

[amber nimbus]

Yo you wanna see some photos of the oldest academic observatory in the world?

I can go there next week if you want

Its part of my faculty

[uneven pawn]

yeha shore

[amber nimbus]

Alrighty

Ill see how it fits in my lab schedule and all

[keen igloo]

Some simple calc 2 for you @amber nimbus

[amber nimbus]

That would seriously be considered Analysis 1 over here

swap that root for a fraction over a root with a minus sign and you got me "squared"

[keen igloo]

I mean it's still solvable regardless with some good old integration by parts

Ofc the best thing about integrals is adding basic +1 can destroy your sanity

[amber nimbus]

@idle scroll you said you liked physics

what do you like abt it specifically

(I love it hence I chose the major, besides math)

[idle scroll]

Hard to say what exactly, Im generally pretty interested in physics. I had the advanced physics class or however you wanna call it in school for a reason. Just super interesting and fascinating stuff.

Learning how the world and the universe works

and also I like it because a lot of people hate physics bc its so complex

[amber nimbus]

hm

Interesting

[devout talon]

Wut

[amber nimbus]

yep

Analysis 1 here contains a lot

[devout talon]

Hmm

[amber nimbus]

in Analysis 2 we get multiple integrals and loop integrals and so

that is semester 2 this year

so in just over half a year

[devout talon]

All of that would be basically Calculus 1 & 2 here

[amber nimbus]

Calculus is what we do yes

but we call it by the mathematical name "Analysis"

as it is more or less pure math lectures than physics math

[devout talon]

What book do you use

I only know PMA Rudin for analysis

An example of an analysis book chapter 1 (it's Korean though)

Ordered set & completeness there

[amber nimbus]

Calculus: A complete Course. tenth edition

[devout talon]

Oh I would consider it Calculus in that case. What aspects are different for Analysis classes from Calculus classes at your university?

[amber nimbus]

University is the more right term as its not a school

[devout talon]

Aight

[amber nimbus]

school is something way different

we are doing complex numbers rn

working with z and w and Euler's Formula

and arguments and conjugates and complex conjugates

and Moivre's formula

and a lot more lol

including the proofs for e^ipi + 1 = 0

[devout talon]

The thing is in Korean, the word 학교(school) is included in the word university (대학교)

[amber nimbus]

yeah in Latin its very different

[devout talon]

I can see that just an explanation why I said school lol

[amber nimbus]

We dont have to learn the Latin but if we want we can

same for the Greek

its even recommended if you rlly wanna be an ideal student at physics

[devout talon]

Same for us there's Latin, but I don't think we have greek tho

[amber nimbus]

Yeah its pretty important for our history too 🥴

the language you are speaking rn has relations to Latin and Old Greek

[devout talon]

I have learned them in high school. I think they would appear in basic math of physics or sth like that course for physics major in our uni

[amber nimbus]

"Etymology. From both the Medieval Latin acadēmicus and the French académique, from Latin academia, from Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós), from Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía) or Ἀκαδήμεια (Akadḗmeia), the name of the place where Plato taught; compare academy."

this is where our University is based upon. These principles

[amber nimbus]

hence its mandatory to learn about the history lol

[devout talon]

Good

[amber nimbus]

Im in a 448 years old Uni lol

[devout talon]

XD

[amber nimbus]

oldest uni of my country and one of the oldest in the world

the US didnt even exist back then probably wasnt even discovered by Columbus

[devout talon]

Zzzzzzzzzzzzz ^^^^^

That was meant as a laugh

[amber nimbus]

ah

hahahahaahahahaaahahaa is how we do it here

[devout talon]

ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ

Is basically what we do here

Same letter

Anyways why don't you search on the real analysis on the internet

It is sn interesting pure math

[amber nimbus]

Real Analysis pls no

Dont want to proof why the math proof and definitions we use are true

[fluid fable]

i need to learn physic

[amber nimbus]

What do you exactly want to learn

The field is so absurdly large

[honest crypt]

I have seen a video on yt stating that the sun was once hotter and bluer lol

[fluid fable]

beginner astrophysics lol

i know astronomy kinda but no astrophys

[amber nimbus]

Thats true but not rlly in actually blue

Its always been a blackbody radiator

[uneven pawn]

even astrophysics itself is a pretty broad field

[amber nimbus]

broad within certain borders

speaking as an astrophysics major student

[uneven pawn]

,,, i am an astrophys student as well

[amber nimbus]

oof lol, we learned it as in its still a very specific field within the certain borders

Which uni u going?

[uneven pawn]

CU boulder

[amber nimbus]

ah Boulder uni

[uneven pawn]

it's an alright uni

[amber nimbus]

Has a great experimental physics department

have heard many great stories abt it lol

(I do a double major)

Curious on tomorrow's astrophys lecture fr

But still I keep looking forward to the analysis lectures each time lmfao

something abt the math lectures rlly grabs my attention in a good way

so much so that I am considering to take extra math courses later on

[uneven pawn]

lectures here are decently interesting, altho they capped my first term at 16 credits which sucks

[amber nimbus]

oh I have to get 45EC/60EC this year to go to year 2

[uneven pawn]

there's also like

a billion other furries

someone's been sticking stickers of their fursona on pretty much every smooth surface on campus

but i digress

my largest gripe is that it's very hard to accelerate oneself on the astrophys track so i kinda have to wait to complete two terms of a basic astronomy course before i can take more upper-division astrophys courses :/

[amber nimbus]

oof

meanwhile here there are a lot of girls for such an exact science

rlly nearing the 60/40 mark rn with M/F total ratio

the M/F ratio in the group I always hang around with is like 1/3 tho

Im the only guy

🥴

[uneven pawn]

my friend group is almost entirely more queer furries which isn't a surprise

it's really funny seeing someone who owns a fursuit also pursue undergrad research

[fluid fable]

not exactly commonplace, but there's no difference

like

isnt there that doctor with like 1991034832 tattoos

[amber nimbus]

lol

[amber nimbus]

thats not rlly how it works

Humans will be humans

[fluid fable]

yeah

[amber nimbus]

people will be people. its that easy

[fluid fable]

what i mean

[amber nimbus]

xD

[fluid fable]

ykw fuck it nvm

[amber nimbus]

Also astronomy is more of the laws of the planetary orbits and stars moving and so

astrophysics is describing the universe with the tools of physics

cosmology is a part of that field

[fluid fable]

but anywho what are some resources to start learning astrophys like beginner beginner

[amber nimbus]

hmmm

[fluid fable]

(im in ap physics 1 so i dont know a bunch of phys yet)

[amber nimbus]

I recommend books a lot

[fluid fable]

any specific

??

[amber nimbus]

thats a hard one as you rlly need to search

but "Black Holes and why everything you know about them is wrong" is a good start

great book written by Dr. Smethurst

very friendly for newbies

[uneven pawn]

i mean, the foremost thing is to ensure you have a good basic physics foundation, so if you haven't taken any physics courses you should do so

[fluid fable]

hm ok

im still in hs

[amber nimbus]

ahem math is imo more important

[fluid fable]

ig i have some time

[amber nimbus]

if you arent well-versed in math the physics will be hard

[fluid fable]

im only in calc AB

[amber nimbus]

as physics is quite literally math

[uneven pawn]

i mean maths and phys kinda go hand-in-hand

[fluid fable]

yeah

[amber nimbus]

just not as abstract as the field of mathematica

[uneven pawn]

ah, you're still in high school?

and also AB calc is a decent start

[amber nimbus]

like here is an image of one of our lectures

this is at the very start

first 10 minutes

math everywhere you look

and loads of algebra

[amber nimbus]

I dunno about murican math lol

[fluid fable]

damn

[amber nimbus]

All I know is that I have to master integrals, derivatives, limits, continuity, singularities, polynomials, goniometry, trigonometry, roots, differential equations

[uneven pawn]

AB calc covers most basic calc stuff. derivatives, integrals and the fundamentals of them; some forays into applications of derivatives and integrals, and uhh some more stuff but it's been like two years since i took it

[amber nimbus]

Like its not an extreme amount as its rather basic

we didnt have to learn like the definitions and how to proof them with lemmas

Like this is a homework Q

every single part here needs math

[fluid fable]

honestly i want to do a double major as well with chem and something physics

[amber nimbus]

chem and phys are a tougher combi than astrophys and phys

im doing phys + astrophys

[fluid fable]

ah

[amber nimbus]

the real tough double is math + phys tho

[fluid fable]

like i only have a year and a half till college i need to decide something i needs to major in

[amber nimbus]

imagine college...

when you can go to University ;-;

[fluid fable]

wouldn't you be able to share classes between the majors

[uneven pawn]

americans sometimes use college and university interchangably because uhh america

[fluid fable]

here college = university

yeah

[uneven pawn]

yeah

[amber nimbus]

when we look at a lot of colleges from a perspective via my country we look at a lot of them like applied sciences

which we call colleges here

[fluid fable]

like harvard themselves calls themselves harvard college soetimes

[amber nimbus]

and it does make sense with what is being taught generally

[fluid fable]

here when a higher ed is considered a college its usually a liberal arts college

[amber nimbus]

But like I come from an extremely prestigious country with very prestigious unis so I might be a bit skewed in view

remember that like only 10% of people on average can make it to university

each year

of schoolgoers

[fluid fable]

oh damn

america i a bit different to say the least

[amber nimbus]

so yeah its really no surprises that University here is a very very different concept

its the highest attainable degree of education there is

[fluid fable]

but in the end you're learning the same things

[amber nimbus]

uhm actually I recently discovered we are learning a lot of stuff thats reserved for like way late for most degrees in the US

at the end of the day the physics remain the same

but the way its taught is different

[fluid fable]

def

[amber nimbus]

lke

we all gotta memorise this stuff too for our exams

[uneven pawn]

also don't pressure yourself too hard over this; you'll have time to settle and change

i'm probably unique in that i already know almost precisely what i want to do

[amber nimbus]

the pace is about a chapter each 2 lectures max here

[fluid fable]

damn how many chapters are there

[amber nimbus]

meanwhile me who knew what he wanted to do but is now stuck in choices

[amber nimbus]

a crap ton

we gotta take 3 years to be able to do only half of the book

[fluid fable]

problem is that i go to a super competitive school like everyone's aiming for ivies

[amber nimbus]

and of that half is already done in 1 year

lets say you got school level

[fluid fable]

and like everyone's decided on what they want to do

[amber nimbus]

well uni is that + 10000x more

[fluid fable]

and im sitting here clueless

like peer pressure ig

[uneven pawn]

relaying from a friend i know who goes to yale: ivies are overrated

[amber nimbus]

and btw yeah take your time

I wasnt top of the class in school yet here I am now like being top of the lab 🥴

[fluid fable]

thankfully i understood that last year

i'll be happy going to my state school (UC Davis or UCSD)

[uneven pawn]

ivy schools certainly offer a very strong curriculum and plenty of research opportunities, yes, but most of them have horridly toxic academic environments

[fluid fable]

or if im lucky UCLA

[amber nimbus]

here im in this pic

he is explaining a concept I didnt rlly understnad cuz symmetries

[fluid fable]

ig the prestige comes from connections but the difference that makes is kinda small compared to a state schoo

[uneven pawn]

and trust me when i say that -- at least from my own experience -- roughly half of the people who enter uni first year will probably change majors and/or minors later on

[amber nimbus]

now I do understand tho

yes we gotta know how this works and the proof

🙂

[fluid fable]

in my culture its frowned upon to do so because its considered wasting money for some reaosn

[amber nimbus]

50-60% here too

ive seen people already quit after 2 lectures

and today already even more people lost it

[fluid fable]

alex are u in class rn 💀

[uneven pawn]

i mean yeah, but would you rather potentially risk a relatively small increase in tuition or jump in early into something you potentially hate

[amber nimbus]

ignore the girl to my right btw

[fluid fable]

yeah

[amber nimbus]

No I am not its fucking 23:47

[fluid fable]

oh ok

[amber nimbus]

I do start again tmrw at 09:00 tho

and end at 17:00 officially

no wait

13:15 I think

short day

[fluid fable]

how many classes?

[amber nimbus]

well kinda only got 1 lecture tmrw and 1 seminar

so I got plenty of time to work out my data sets for statistics

[uneven pawn]

i start around 9 as well

[amber nimbus]

cuz yeah lab work = plenty data

[uneven pawn]

usually 3 classes per day between 9 and 15:00

[fluid fable]

3 god damn

[uneven pawn]

american university generally permits a lot more free time

[amber nimbus]

u done at 15?

holy shit mate

u lucky

[uneven pawn]

yeah again, they limited me to 16 credits this term

[fluid fable]

my hs has 8 classes (starts at 825 ends at 1600)

[amber nimbus]

I generally got up to 17:00

exp physics can last up to 19:00 and even 20:00

[fluid fable]

last year my school was from 730 to 1600 (zero period was the worst mistake of my life)

[uneven pawn]

i also intentionally kinda crammed everything between 9 and 15 because i mentally die by evening

[amber nimbus]

I mentally die after lab work

for just half a day

prof pat

/j

[fluid fable]

Lol

[amber nimbus]

even worse now

[uneven pawn]

it looks like you are extracting the last remaining life force from your professor

[amber nimbus]

LMFAO

IRL it was rather the opposite, I energized him

he is my fave prof

[amber nimbus]

https://tenor.com/view/star-wars-sheev-palpatine-unlimited-power-power-force-gif-5073064

reeeee

[honest crypt]

Also the evolutionary models don’t show the sun having average surface temp greater than 6000K in the past

[amber nimbus]

Bluer just means more high energy than it used to be

Even 100K more is a lot

Also had a lecture abt tides and all today

[honest crypt]

I remember how Universe Sandbox Legacy would make newly converted stars’ temps 6751 or 6571 kelvins, maybe wunna those is the temp at which blackbody radiation appears most perfectly white to us

[honest crypt]

Wikipedia says that according to computer models, stars with masses of .14 solar masses will produce the hottest surface temps for a blue dwarfs, approx. 8600 K

[amber nimbus]

Does the article use a lot of math?

if not then its not that reliable and often based on some claims

but if it is using a lot of math its very reliable and probably written by a professional

[honest crypt]

must checks wikipedia source\

lol
i mean there are scientists in this so…

from my understanding former red dwarf stars will have their record high-temp attempts botched by either low energy output or too much expansion, depending on mass and metallicity

[amber nimbus]

source isnt the way to check

how its build up is

[honest crypt]

Build up?
Masses between 0.06 and 0.25 suns were simulated, it says

[amber nimbus]

whats the article structure

cmon its not hard

Is it a very much mathematical and jargon article or is it general public

lecture moment

[honest crypt]

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_dwarf_(red-dwarf_stage)
general public maybe?
or maybe not depends on definition rly

[amber nimbus]

this is a research proposal

not a full fledged article

just had to read through a few words and look at the structure and its clear to me its all abt a hypothesis

these references are very obvious

Uni casually teaching students how to do proper research lol

are predicted to increase their radiative rate by increasing their surface temperatures and becoming "bluer".

are **__predicted to __**increase their radiative rate by increasing their surface temperatures and becoming "bluer".

thats a hypothesis

[honest crypt]

They don’t exist, yep

[amber nimbus]

no thats false

We cannot confirm nor deny they exist at the moment

[honest crypt]

Non-confirmed 🙂

[amber nimbus]

are believed to eventually completely exhaust their store of hydrogen fuel

See what I am doing here?

marking what is important to understand the research prop

[honest crypt]

Ohh

[amber nimbus]

it takes time to learn this though

[honest crypt]

Fluid sims, no more so far

[amber nimbus]

@honest crypt im getting lectures abt tidal locking next week

just so you know

[honest crypt]

Tidal evolution outwards has equilibrium eventually, with variable properties, scenarios, and outcomes

What about inwards?

[amber nimbus]

as I said im getting lectures on it next week

[honest crypt]

okie dokie

[uneven pawn]

urghhh trying to find examples of counterrotating circumstellar discs

[uneven pawn]

if you mean via orbital decay, the equilibrium is the moon gets murdered violently ✨

phobos, triton, and a handful of other close-in giant planet moons are currently undergoing this process

phobos in particular is of interest, as consensus seems to be growing towards current phobos not being the "original" phobos -- i.e., phobos has been sheared into a ring and reaccreted in the past, perhaps multiple times

[honest crypt]

Which shortens faster, primary’s rotational period or the moon’s orbital period

[uneven pawn]

uhh i'm pretty sure it's a decent "it depends"

[honest crypt]

With op mass primaries it’s hopeless for the orbiter, lessening op-ness increases hope

[honest crypt]

Yes very much so

[uneven pawn]

so far as i can tell all moons currently undergoing orbital decay via tides are far from massive enough to save themselves

[honest crypt]

Yep

[uneven pawn]

one could probably run some rough calculations to figure out the range of conditions where orbital decay would be able to halt by that process but i'd give a throwaway guess that such points would require either a small difference between the primary's initial rotational period and the secondary's initial orbital period and/or a mass ratio approaching that of binary planets or an extraordinarily large mass ratio

[honest crypt]

Hmm if they don’t rotate chaotically then asteroid moons, being already tidally locked (a stability in itself), would only migrate inwards by speeding up their planet, so there would be a mass that ensures quickest death I guess

[uneven pawn]

uhhh i mean, there's also a point where an object becomes small to where its tidal effects upon the primary are minor, therefore also slowing its tidal deceleration

afaik the reason why phobos's orbital decay is so prominent is both due to phobos being quite close to mars, and the mass ratio between phobos and mars being quite a bit closer compared to that of small giant planet regular satellites and the parent giant planet

i'd tentatively throw out that phobos doesn't even need to generate its own tidal bulges, as the gargantuan mass of the tharsis plateau works as well

i'll have to check the last statement but i'm decently confident that tharsis is a major contributor to the tidal effects on phobos and deimos

[low shell]

Oooh which Rudin is this?

Oh wait its baby rudin

[devout talon]

Yeah it seems so

Although we have another book being called 김김계 for analysis

[devout talon]

[amber nimbus]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suEtqZUWUuU

🥳

[amber nimbus]

having spent some time working out relativity homework I can now confidently say I did indeed pick the right degree 🙂

like fr this shit is fun

[devout talon]

Remarkable

Have you learned Hamiltonian & Lagrangian? (My spelling might be wrong) I was scared when I heard them when doing mechanics (and still think we should able to solve them without those too)

[amber nimbus]

Not yet at uni

Getting that with classical mech in sem 2

[devout talon]

Aight

[low shell]

The order y’all do ur stuff in is weird

Or mine is weird idk

[low shell]

My analysis class this semester isn’t using rudin as it’s more of an intro to analysis class, the more rigorous analysis class is a 4th year class

[amber nimbus]

We get the math first and the introduction to the major concepts

In sem 2 we get physics for real

[low shell]

I mean we do the same but you have to wait 2 full years fsr

it’s kinda annoying ngl

[amber nimbus]

Oof

Yeah the pace here is super high esp as Leiden wants to keep its top 80 position

Currently ranked #77 in the world with physics and astrophysics

[low shell]

My school is weird, like the top 10/20% of kids are cracked here

And then it’s just bums kinda

like every year we send mf’s to like MIT and schools that caliber

But it’s like 4/5 kids go to grad school per class

outta like 30/40 kids

I guess that’s the typical state school thing

[honest crypt]

Mars
-Phobos
Jupiter
-Metis
-Adrastea
Saturn
-moonlets
Uranus
-multiple moons
Neptune
-everything closer than Hippocamp
-Triton

[devout talon]

I see. Which major are you taking?

I was referring to a 2nd year subject (which is a should-take-course), yeah. Real analysis is 4th year subject here, too.

[uneven pawn]

https://fxtwitter.com/i/status/1703170675127599552

BANG

[amber nimbus]

YEAH BOI

[uneven pawn]

ly2 parker 🥰

[low shell]

Physics/Math dual degree

In my 3rd year right now

[amber nimbus]

MATH AND PHYSICS

WHAT THE FUCK

FJFJASKHFA

U dare

Im Physics and Astrophysics

[devout talon]

That's great

I'm hoping for a multi degree too

[low shell]

Same thing or?

[uneven pawn]

maths/phys dual majors respect 🫡

[amber nimbus]

meanwhile me doing relativity hw at 1AM

a few problems to go

then im done

[amber nimbus]

FINAL PROBLEM

[devout talon]

I am stat major and possibly Computer science or math double major

[dense canyon]

https://youtu.be/qrKtJ4DW2JA?si=DY86_3NiytUNoUtX
@amber nimbus

Apparently Neptune's cloud cover is influenced by the Sun's Ultraviolet radiation

Because explained in the video,
If lower ultraviolet radiation- CH⁴ or Methane doesn't get triggered that much and hence cloud formation in Neptune is low or sometime cloud-free in the mid-level latitudes like in 2020, but during high Solar Turbulence or High Solar Activity Ultraviolet ray triggers Methane to cause cloud formation

UV + Methane = Cloud Formation w/ infrarease in brightness

[amber nimbus]

Hm

[amber nimbus]

Earth's is too lol

Its called radiative feedback

[amber nimbus]

Just got 4 vectors. Gravitational waves and LIGO and stuff

[uneven pawn]

this is kinda expected; UV is extremely important in atmospheric haze formation and upper atmospheric dynamics overall. higher UV insolation is one contributor to why uranus looks slightly lighter in color and is hazier overall compared to neptune

it also meaned that prior to oxygenation, earth probably resembled something akin to titan, its atmosphere smothered in dense organic haze

[amber nimbus]

@low shell yooooo

I had 4 vectors today and intro to general relativity

🔥

[vernal root]

Are those Lorentz transformation explanations? I'd like to see if you have any notes on this, mostly out of pure, unadulterated intrest

[vernal root]

I'd like some context

[amber nimbus]

Thats Minkowksi space-time diagrams

Resulting from the Lorentz factor

[amber nimbus]

Lecture analysis 1, polynomials

part of calculus

its something we gotta master

[vernal root]

That looks a lot more complex than I expected for polynomials.

[vernal root]

Presumably using reference frames

[vernal root]

I am guessing Liouville's theorem is upcoming, and with that the proof of FTA

[amber nimbus]

Intertial Frames yes

[amber nimbus]

Nah thats like for much later

[vernal root]

Ah

[low shell]

That’s dope, I’m taking a GR class next semester

[amber nimbus]

neat

yeah I wanna take the math courses for it extra tbh

and Relativistic Electrodynamics I want to take as well

[low shell]

In most E/M classes they do that

[uneven pawn]

,,, i am pleasantly surprised that i remember how to integrate by parts after a solid 3 months of never having to think aboutit

[amber nimbus]

I havent like done it in a year+

Loop integrals is a different story

Same for double, triple and even quadruple integrals

[amber nimbus]

Thats neat

[uneven pawn]

i hate it just as much as i did before :)

[amber nimbus]

Integrals are my favorite

[amber nimbus]

@uneven pawn

[uneven pawn]

ooooh

quite a bit fancier than our observatory lmao

[amber nimbus]

Its the oldest uni observatory in the world in fact

These telescopes were used to track Apollo

[uneven pawn]

ours is just holed up in a hill behind some trees and a small garden

it might be intentional to keep away trespassers or sumn

[amber nimbus]

HOLD UP THE LECTURE IS DONE BY FRANCOISE COMBES

the

😳

[honest crypt]

Eyes of TCs rotate like “rigid” objects from what I see in satellite footage

[amber nimbus]

what do you mean exactly

the skies are clear as there is an anticyclone present over the top of the eye as that is what causes it to clear in the first place

[honest crypt]

Ignoring mini cyclones in the eye’s LLC, it spins like a solid disk in visible imagery

[amber nimbus]

The anticyclone has slow moving sinking air

that is what you see in this V-shape in the sondes in the eye

that is why it looks like its not moving but the eyes do in-fact rotate pretty darn fast

How can you calculate it? Angular Velocity for a period of wrapping of two VHTs around the eyewall

that is also what keeps the eye stable

when you are under a ridge air does not seem to move either right?

It is because the air is pretty darn "compressed"

there is more air than elsewhere in the cyclone in the eye

[honest crypt]

That’s why as you travel inwards, winds slow relative to the moving center once you cross the ring of greatest wind (for perfect-eye storms)

[amber nimbus]

read what I just said again

it all comes down to sinking air

rising air = turbulent flow
sinking air = laminar flow

the "rotation" of the eye is the same as that of the eyewall

each eye also has a small very small trochoidal wobble as it propagates

which is normal as it is a standing wave of sorts if you rlly look at it physically speaking

[honest crypt]

Bicycle wheel logic, I mean

[amber nimbus]

that is the wrong analogy

pls

[honest crypt]

But what if we were to ignore imperfections in the airflow?

[amber nimbus]

That is what I just did

except turbulence is not an imperfection in the airflow

its a perfectly normal occurance and is even essential to even describing a fluid

a whirlpool is not laminar flow is it

TCs are literally like whirlpools in the atmosphere

[honest crypt]

Oof I didn’t know the terms turbulent and laminar

[vernal root]

It's the reason that the exact form of a solution for a navier stokes equation, where it be solved, would earn the solver 1mil

[honest crypt]

And whirlpools have different gradients than orbital systems right

[amber nimbus]

NS is a 3rd order PDE

no way in hell someone is ever gonna solve it

xD

We can only approximate it

[amber nimbus]

Orbital systems have nothing to do with TCs

[honest crypt]

I mean the math

[amber nimbus]

There is a reason why all weather models are using fluid mechanics ;-;

[vernal root]

They'll probably prove something general about differential operators

[vernal root]

Ah

[amber nimbus]

the math for TCs is fluid mechanics

see this equation @honest crypt

this one was used to describe the turbulent heat fluxes in Hurricane Irma

the bold letters are vectors

with each 3 dimensional components

I could do the linear algebra but I dont wanna matrices today but I have to cuz study

[honest crypt]

I don’t know the math rip, but I can get concepts

[amber nimbus]

here is a nice summary of a numerical model for a hurricane

[vernal root]

What do all of the variables represent

[amber nimbus]

you can see the difference in efficient used heat fluxes

[amber nimbus]

Oh god here we go again

theyre parameters

not variables

parameters and vectors

some with scalars some without

[vernal root]

Ah

What do they mean tho

[amber nimbus]

hm let me grab my school research paper on it

oh fuck

this is gonna be a long time to explain

x_h is the horizontal coordinate vector

z is the vertical

basically just the x,y,,z components of a model

f is coriolis parameter

v is molecular viscosity

rho naught is reference density

instantentious horizontal winds are u_h and vertical with w

they originate from the reynolds average

and got a deviation of u', w'

P is the reynolds averaged pressure

and then the other is the average of the u and w compotents for the averaged vertical turbulent momentum flux

@vernal root

[honest crypt]

I can understand tcs as when water goes down a drain, massive rising of air causes angular momentum conservation logic

[amber nimbus]

there

[vernal root]

Ah

[amber nimbus]

angular momentum means conservation of impuls means conservation of energy in a rotated frame

meaning all laws of physics should be preserved whenever you rotate your reference frame

so if momentum p = constant

but angular momentum should be a function of angle and ofc radius

so M = -fr^2 /2 + vR

include m for mass if you want but can be ignored

[vernal root]

Alright

Very complex regardless

[amber nimbus]

yes

gotta admit that in my eyes its not as complex as it first looked

[vernal root]

Then again, if you look at it long enough, so does Fermat's last theorem. But I see your point

[amber nimbus]

Q. you majoring yet in any exact science

[amber nimbus]

or if I simplify it

F/m = a

[vernal root]

Very likely doing chemistry and math. Chemistry because I have worked with a lot of compounds before (don't ask the details), and Math as I know too much of it not to be my major.

[amber nimbus]

chem is a lot more than just working with compounds

[vernal root]

Yeah, I'm aware

[amber nimbus]

and mathematics, well it either suits you or it doesnt

im not that big of a fan of it but I still enjoy it

applied however its epic as you see

[vernal root]

It's just that a lot of chemists started out with chem sets.

[amber nimbus]

yeah a lot did before it was a proper degree in unis

nowadays it involves a lot of math too

[vernal root]

And I have grown fond of them, and know a thing or two about how they work

[vernal root]

Doesn't everything

[amber nimbus]

the tech is important but the theory is also just as important

an experiment is only as good as the man who conduct it

[vernal root]

Yeah, and that's what Im hoping to learn in Chem, how to see which reactions are favored over the other and what's realistic.

[vernal root]

I understand that.

[amber nimbus]

some important equations

[fluid fable]

wth

[buoyant crow]

damn

[amber nimbus]

I mightve made some mistakes as im pretty new to this and got a lot of practice to do

[buoyant crow]

whats that goofy symbol

[amber nimbus]

but here is how I approach said problem

which symbol?

the greek letters?

[buoyant crow]

the one that has an n and then like a stick with wings

[amber nimbus]

also arg(z) means the argument of z

or the argument of the value

aka the angle

[amber nimbus]

The psi?

[alpine rock]

this chat scares me

[amber nimbus]

how abt this

also ffs I couldve solved it with x^2 - 5

😭

wait no x^2 + 5 is better

cuz +15

then id need to rewrite with another x^2 - 3 term

then it should be solvable

[buoyant crow]

u a programmer as well?

[amber nimbus]

I write in LaTex and I got programming in Python as lectures

its a requirement for my degree

[buoyant crow]

I prefer python

[amber nimbus]

also here is the conclusion

[buoyant crow]

currently doing an AI project

[buoyant crow]

Is that german

[amber nimbus]

-5 = -1(5) meaning its i^2 (5) and is thus a complex solution

its Dutch

and 1-sqrt(2) is smaller than 0

hence it can also be factored out with a i^2 factor

hence its also a complex solution

[buoyant crow]

lemme write u a simple algebra equation

[amber nimbus]

here is some homework

show the steps and do not use l' hôpital

[buoyant crow]

solve using elimination:

5x-6y=8
3x-12y=10

[amber nimbus]

u kidding me thats so easy lol

literally multiply top by two and add the bottom to it

[buoyant crow]

Thats why I said simple

[amber nimbus]

try solve a matrix with 8 terms

:3

and then solve it using row-echelon method

[buoyant crow]

o hell nah

how tf

thats some astronomical equation

[amber nimbus]

its not that hard

squeeze theoremmmm

this one is easy

just use composites

g(x) is a composite of g o h o i and maybe another o j

then derivatives is just chain rule

and yeah it should be continuus over R

well actually

for any x < 0 and x > 0

wait

let me see

computing in my head rn

yeahhh so thats a cos of yeah..

hm

so -1 =< cos(x) =< 1

the sqrt there can never be equal to -1 nor 1

well never be greater than*

if its equal its at its limit

so x = 0 gives sqrt(0+1) = sqrt 1 = 1

thus cos(1) = 0

or 2 pi

for -1 it gets more complex

[amber nimbus]

so hm

I got homework and it has a Q on a hypercube

💀