#serious-discussion
1 messages · Page 158 of 1
I wanna go through Aluffi's UG text on Abstract Algebra
and do Real Analysis slowly alongside
I see
I don't know of anybody who is currently reading Aluffi (though I'm near certain there are many), but you can always ask questions about introductory algebra in #groups-rings-fields and about introductory analysis in #real-complex-analysis

mathematics
i need help
online "classes" due to rain today
!help
To ask for mathematics help on this server, please open your own help channel or help thread. See #❓how-to-get-help for instructions.
the school had like 10 hours to prepare before school start so i don't blame em
anyway a bunch of classes we either have assignments and thats it or we just don't have them at all
what do i do with my time today :)
read some book
based idea
!help
To ask for mathematics help on this server, please open your own help channel or help thread. See #❓how-to-get-help for instructions.
lol that's the command to bring up instructions on how to get help
i dont able to understand why discrete mathematics needed help me please by showing wher used this stuff
Why are you reposting this in multiple channels?
Cause he/she needs help?
To ask for mathematics help on this server, please open your own help channel or help thread. See #❓how-to-get-help for instructions.
fr fr
Hmmm, I just realized my question of symbolic arithmetic is directly related to my claim that numbers are distinctiveness+comparability.
If numbers are distinctiveness+comparability, then it follows that there always exists $x = y$ , $x\neq y$, $x<y$, $x>y$ for some numbers $x, y$, but this is strictly the assumed definition, so the statement here is:
$$\forall x,y \in\text{the set of all possible numbers, } \exists x,y\text{ such that } x = y, x\neq y, x<y, x>y \leftrightarrow \text{all numbers are strictly defined by the essential notes distinctiveness+comparability}$$
Andrew Porter
I think it's getting cutoff lol
$\forall x,y \in\text{the set of all possible numbers, } \exists x,y\text{ such that } x = y, x\neq y, x<y, x>y \iff \text{all numbers are strictly defined by the essential notes distinctiveness+comparability}$
Andrew Porter
I hate this bot
It’s not the bot it’s your horrid tex lmao, just come out of math mode to write text don’t use \text
Ok ok fair
Yeah but one time it literally failed to correctly write g_{n+1} as $g_{n+1}$ but instead wrote $g_n+1$
Andrew Porter
Compile Error! Click the
reaction for more information.
(You may edit your message to recompile.)
le issue de la skill
Again, the bot works fine, it works like any other Tex compiler
Garbage in garbage out

Pretty sure MathJax on stackoverflow works better. Never had these problems with it.
I'll figure it out one day ;-;
I’ve never had any issues with the bot here, people manage to do like Tex magic with it if you look in #latex-testing so yeah I don’t think it’s the bot lol
In any case, what this pair of propositions implies is that to have symbolic arithmetic (apart from the operations themselves being defined symbolically), I really only need a way to compare numbers as equal, not equal, less than, and greater than unless I'm missing any comparisons.
Ok it also needs exists and not exists as that specifically pertains to distinctiveness. All the comparisons I just mentioned belong to the comparability of numbers.
Why?
take the complex numbers
Complex numbers aren’t ordered
Is there a sense in which ordered pairs can be compared as greater, lesser, or equal?
I mean it depends what you’re talking about, and there could be many ways to do so
There are many ways but they are always going to be slightly different than what you are used to for reals
If you consider multinomials there’s loads of partial ordering
this isnt limited to just numbers
For sure, it is at least self evident that x + iy = x + iy; a + ib \neq c + id, so there's that.
I cannot parse that
And obviously you can compare the parts, so why would it not be possible to compare the whole?
its only “evident” by definition
like the construction is a + bi for a real and b real
There’s no consistent way to order the complex numbers, that’s a classic first problem for a complex analysis class
I think the first thing I need to understand is what is meant by "order" perhaps
Is it meant in the lexicographic sense?
I see
There’s no way to order (have a notion of less than or greater than) the complex numbers in a way that behaves consistently with arithmetic
How do I mark solve in the help forum
🤔 what about $|z|$?
Andrew Porter
lol this looks great in latex 😂
Or perhaps better in some sense of sign: $\operatorname{sign}(z) |z|$
Andrew Porter
That isnt an ordering
and yes it gives you real numbers which are ordered but theres a full circle of points with radius |z| that would be identified with the same point
Yes
You see the real number line is actually a cylinder. Mathematicians have been hiding this fact from you for years.
Clearly the solution to ordering the complexes is to go to a restaurant and ask the waiter.
I suppose picking a space-filling curve doesn't make it ordered either, huh?
One in which points are visited only once such that there is a clear order from first to last point
Theres no smart idea that would work, its proven that you cant
Its like division by 0, you technically can define it, but you loose so much in the process
Whoever wrote this proof forgot to write an underbar everywhere apparently.
In proof 1
Proof 1 automatically disproven
You can construct many bijections between R and C, the problem is that the relation they induce doesn’t behave like an ordering
sign(z) = z / abs(z)
I hate this
Yes


another point to make about comparability is that comparability is an abstract property of number systems, but like all other abstract properties of number systems, you can pick and choose which ones you want or dont want
so really, numbers should ultimately just be anything that could be an element of a set
but even this definition i personally think is still pretty strict
are you advocating for proper classes of numbers?
Anything that could be an element of a set would be the most general abstract entities and those are none other than ideas themselves, so that's a terrible idea.
Well, ideas, essences, and subsisting things more properly
?
I think you’ll find that “number” isn’t really defined
Only specific number systems, so the term “number” is a more casual term
Like the real numbers are well defined, as are the integers, complex, p-adic, etc
But there isn’t really a rule for when something is a “number” in the most general sense
z=0
What about it? 0 has no sign, even in the real number setting
Do you need hug
No, I'm getting enough hugs
Fuckkkkkkkk
I forgot i wasnt the one getting the most hugs in anv
That's so cruel.
I am
How?
What's wrong with the surreal number field @vivid halo
A number is a member of the multiplicative group of some Composition Algebra, or 0
I mean it's not really useful outside of really specific game theoretic stuff
it's certainly not useful for any kind of arithmetic applications
I wouldn't call it a "field" either
Real shit I can't even do Geometric Calculus with it
Here's where I'd put my consistent definition of Surreal Integration
if I had one
Hey why'd this get hmmcat'd
And that's why I love them
Cus it isn't a set?
mostly yeah, although this is not a serious issue I guess
I honestly don't think being that useful matters for the surreals
Cus like, they subsume every use for the reals and hyperreals for example (except analysis)
And you could technically use em for real analysis
Philosophically, it's cool that they exist at all, and worth the time to investigate
Uses specific to a subject only matter if you already know some other way of doing one of the things that can be done by something else
To use the example we all know me for, compare GA and Quaternions
If you are already comfortable with Quats, there's little incentive in most applications to switch to a proper GA
What uses are there for the reals other than analysis?
But if you know GA, why would you ever bother with quats specifically?
Like everything involving reals has some analytic flavor
If the only argument for the method is "it came first" or "I already know it", it's not a point for the subject/idea
And as my concerns aren't primarily some application, but my own curiosity, this becomes a strong point for me rather than a passing grunt of acknowledgement
Having C as the Algebraic completion
Making curved triangles
Having logarithms, and radicals without needing branch cuts
Actually
Having logarithms without needing branch cuts
Hi, have a nice day guys.
I'm learning about real-world computer number presentation, could you suggest me some resources that have questions/problems and solutions? I'd like to strengthen my knowledge.
surely someone knows how to do Accounting. anyone here do accounting pls
you're impressive at probability, @spice iris, but you failed psychology
?
surely someone knows how to do Accounting
probability part
anyone here do accounting pls
psychology part
Is what DeeDee probably meant
Ask in an unoccupied help channel, e.g. #help-9

<@&268886789983436800> Is this allowed? This is making $$$
no, this is also a scam
Who still falls for NFT scams in 2024?
Who is still selling ugly apes? 
Millennials are killing the ugly ape market!!!
Guys what happens if you submit a final project for a class but the final project is done incorrectly? (Graduate school)
that name LMFAO
I think I may have incorrectly implemented this difficult task — I am only now recognizing it while writing the report.
This surely depends on many things that only you could know
Bored Apes still go for tens of thousands of dollars.
I just glanced at opensea. The cheapest one is still like 12 etherium, which is about $35,000 USD.
So clearly someone is still buying these fucking things for way too much money.
hrlp i don’t have any appropriate server to fangirl over gay webtoons in
ure allowed to
i always was the "i think im above mass produced gay webtoons" kinda bitch
then last yr i had the experience of going down the subway and seeing a massive subway ad for Gay Webtoon and lost my step on the stairs
I thought everyone is Einstein here
some economics major trying to explain how important he is, how much math he needs to do (three calculi, he says) and how money works really is just math (he asked if i knew the profit function and what greek letter it’s denoted by, noting my silence he took the opportunity to say the function is “TR - TC XD” and the letter is pi)
“three calculi,” he explained, means three courses in calculus
the first of which was pre-calc, and the third was really optional
ok i have externalized some of my pain i’ll get back to my gay webtoon now
some people choose to be insufferable I guess
im so confused
it's things like this that make me once again happy that I haven't talked to others lol
jk I meant spiral. $z = -iW_n(ix)$
Andrew Porter
This should unironically be a well-ordered subset of the complexes
Well, an ordering of the complexes. I'm not sure if well-ordered and having ordering are the same terms here.
they are not
and every set can be well ordered by the well ordering theorem
though this theorem only says that such a well ordering exists
I see, thank you.
trans rep trans rep
also no it’s totally not nearing 6 am my clock must be lying
What the fuck? I thought this was a math zone
Wdym, this is just discussy 2
Your right this is trans discussion chat
I'll return to #discussion
No offense
this is a general discussion chat
What, there is no difference in the two, other than that #discussion is more active
Or do you imply..
Yes I'm implying everyone of us is trans math lovers ❤️
It should have a higher quality discussion than #chill in the channel desc
More professional and more civil
My good ladies and gentlemen
enbies:
Sure, they are still listed at these prices, but hardly any are being traded:
NFTs have pretty much evaporated from public conciousness and actual market activity, and thank heavens for that
I needed to prove they a volume of some unit n dimensional sphere is less then 10^-100.
I proved a formula for volume and using Desmos I found at which value the volume is less then the number.
Because the formula is decreasing it will always stay below that. My friend said this proof is bad or doesn’t work or something
I said it used numerical analysis and he claims it isn’t
Can someone settle this debate lol
Well, you need to trust that the value given by Desmos is correct (I'm not saying it isn't, but that might be a contentious point), and in some ways it might be preferable to actually prove that the volume of the n-dimensional unit ball has limit 0 as n goes to infinity (doing this directly from the formula you've developed)
Also just to be nitpicky, you probably mean the n-dimensional unit ball
Yeah that’s true
My bad
I believe we can assume Desmos is true
The larger debate is, is this numerical analysis
I say it is
What job can i get if i have a math degree?
Cs
Does plugging in pi*r^2 count as numerical analysis
As you designed an algorithm in Desmos
Which approximates the answer
My friend says other people designed Desmos
But I feel like that shouldn’t matter
if you prove that your algorithm converges to true volume of an n-dimensional ball, then that would be numerical analysis
As I understand it was more along the lines of deriving a formula for an n-dimensional unit ball as a function of n and plugging that function into Desmos.
And finding the value of n for which it was smaller than the threshold, presumably by just iterating over n, since it does go down fairly quickly
Yes that is right
According to him the derivation is valid
I thought as long as it’s a good enough approximation, it would be fine
And Desmos does do that
Idk what good means
well how do you know it's "good enough"
But he agrees it is not wrong
it could blow up after certain n or might not even go to 0
I'm not going to get into classification slapfights over what is or what isn't numerical analysis, but my preferred method would be to show analytically that the volume converges to 0
It goes to 0
you need to check all infinitely many n to be sure of that
But I need some weird ln justification
No just one
I know the function is decreasing
I understand they showed that the volume is a decreasing function of n
Yes
So showing empirically that it's less than 10^(-100) for some n does let you conclude that it will be also less than that for all subsequent n
Yeah
I show that ln of the formula
Goes below -100ln10
Cause Desmos can calculate that
The question itself doesn’t say the volume has to go to 0
Just that after some n the volume is less then 10^-100
Okay but both are equally valid right?
I think so

what should i major in college if ai will take over everything in next 5 years
why ask this vapid question in like 5 different channels
Multiple times a week too
Oh. Maybe a spam
many such cases
They ask this question in every single general channel, almost daily for the last.. what 2 weeks now?
Sometimes they respond to answers, sometimes nothing
Then they dissappear until they ask again the next day or so
Convo has moved on now so I'll just post this here @graceful flower
I was trying to use this to Rick roll you but I can't
it ain't working
What?
how does this work
You need embed perms ig
i am so confused
YOU GOT GOT TWICE WITH THE SAME LINK
@jagged forge witness the master at work
Is it even legal to be this good?
Sorry if this is the wrong channel, I want to learn mathematics from the basic any recommendations?
How basic?
If you want basic in terms of learning level, I suggest asking your local school for old maths textbooks
If you mean stuff like 'pure maths'
There are many places to start
There is linear algebra
There is calculus
There is geometry
Geometry came first
If you mean the foundation of calculus, see 'analysis', but you need lots of familiarity with math proofs
If you want the foundation of geometry, start with a high school book, perhaps middle-secondary level geometry chapters. If you want a rigorous version, any college-level geometry textbook besides that one called 'rational trigonometry' will do. They are all rigorous at that point
If you want proof, without the calculus and other nonsense, see something like 'Book of proof' by hammock
^ Author made the book free on his website
linear algebra, see something like 'elementary linear algebra' for content (Or a good high school book unit', or for rigour see 'linear algebra done right', or perhaps a more intuitive book like Strang's linear algebra from MIT.
I see you have 'pre-uni' tabbed. Definitely start with a high-school maths textbooks, since they have a broad range of topics. If you need further info, search a book on that chapter name for more relevant book suggestions
Sorry for not being specific about my previous question.
I want to start with linear algebra and move to complex calculas.
The problem i find is that I don't understand how basic things like how fractions work, and how to perform operations on them. How percentages work. How to reduce equations and stuff.
I also feel like I'm too slow in calculating basic multiplication and addition.
Had the same issue a couple years ago. I finished high school years prior but when I finally decided to pursue further education I couldn't even add two fractions together. I started with precalculus. I read everything and solved every problem, which definitely "cured" my poor algebra. Linear algebra and calculus comes after this.
inspiring
Great
Nice worth baal!
@vast thorn it sounds like you have a 'numeracy issue' which is a competency with arithmetic and algebra.
A broad range of skills are required, and quite well documented on building this up, since so many areas use it
Hi
I can suggest you get a book, specifically a final year school maths book from the lowest level maths you can
for example, in australian there are 12 school years and the lowest 'level' is 'essential mathematics'
students might do this course for year 11 and 12, which goes over the entirety of the school curriculum over the last few years
books from core maths classes like these cover most essential numacy skills
but they differ by country
If you are serious about this, see about, like I mentionedb efore, messaging a local high school for an old numeracy or core-level final-year maths textbook
or
in australia there is a website called mathsonline
and internationally there is khan academy
if you have internet
that second link goes through american school curriculum
there are videos
if you need access, most public libraries would provide access to that site
it is all free
most content through school teaches content with repetition to build these core numeracies. You will need to work hard
Hey thanks, really wish to fix my. Numeracy issue.
Best wishes for success!
There's a physics joke hiding in here somewhere...
You can start with pre-calc instead of just the very beginning basics?
You dont need to start with algebra or even pre-algebra?
I assume app means applications. Depends what college you are trying to go to
I would say so! Not all precalculus courses are the same of course (some really do just blaze through and expect you to have seen everything ahead of time already), but if your reading comprehension is decent I would at least try to start with something like the book I linked before deciding to switch to gentler material.
I would say I'd want to go into cs, and prefereably a top cs college (cornell, MIT)
I've already done calc, and I applied for a few competitive camps (i did get in)
just lock in and get good grades, relevant activities like you are doing, have a good essay, good reccomendations and you should be fine. have safety schools regardless. good luck
Im trying to study to test out of honors geometry next year and straight onto honors algebra 2, should I settle for just locking into geometry and the 12 units or push my luck and be miserable trying to test out of algebra 2 too.
Don't burn yourself out. Part of the point of a break is to rest and recover. I was burnt out this winter break studying for the algebra qual (which I didn't even pass!)
you don't burn out from going too fast, you burn out from going too slow and getting bored
That's not true.
You burn out from spending all your time constantly working on something
Without rest
or do you burn out from spending it working on the wrong thing
We still have about 2 months of school, Im gonna try to finish the all the units by end of May and see from there I think
Burnouts suck, getting burn out is like being depressed, you know you're depressed but resting kind of just makes it worst
Tbh, its just to each persons tolerance of work, both ways is the same.
It's a Cliff Burton quote
Should've known it was a quote, Im too dumb for literature
Metal, or am I inferencing wrong
Thrash Metal specifically
Thats impressive
I can't understand metal fans that much, I just think the music is loud
The first key is that a lot of metal fans play an instrument, a metal mentality is founded in an edgelord, reclusive, outsider culture
similar breed to punk really
Metal takes more influence from blues, jazz, and classical though
so it's an abrasive, harsh sound
but if you pay the toll of the aesthetic (which you might even be attracted to) it then rewards the musically inclined listener
that's just some genres though like
there's such a broad range
it's great for channeling the adolescent angst when you're growing up and trying not to punch another hole in the wall because you're still in trouble for the last one
I pick up the big ol maple bass guitar that's heavy as fuck, hard as fuck
strings bigger than they should be, stainless steel, so that they fight back and destroy my fingertips
play really loud music and punch the bass guitar
literally punch it
it can take it
at one point when I played bass, I also often had to get my finger pricked
and they eventually could only use my pinkies
because of the calluses on every other finger
It's the combination of emotion, skill, and not giving a fuck what you think
well said
I really liked this guy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_wGFfrJv4Y
Two bass solo's from the king of bass, Cliff Burton, R.I.P.
Music is really an art of its own, I play instruments but not bass
You just gave the most detailed explanation I’ve heard
These instruments sound like a pain and a beast at the same time, really cool how you learned it though
you can make them nicer, I was partially molded by a thing I heard about Dave Mustaine from Megadeth, he said that other people make the guitar sing when they solo, he makes his scream
and I took that to heart
I wanted to be in a band but I was never in one with a strong enough leader
I should get back into the rhythm
I appreciate this
OH BABY ANOTHER TRIPLE PING!!
Any suggestions on how to approach the math subject gre? I'm not sure what channel to even ask this. I've heard that going through Stewart's Calculus extra problems, and Cracking the Math Subject GRE, is a good step to take
I don’t think there is any calculus on the GRE
On the Math Subject GRE there's lots
On the General GRE Math portion there is none.
im delusional, ive spent like the past 3 days trying to prove collatz conjecture. I know i wont but dang it im gonna try
just the joy of making my brain spin
there is loads of metal that is very heavily influenced by classical and jazz styles
waste of time lol
Aka the best metal
For 3 days?
Provided to YouTube by TuneCore
Disintegore · Behold the Arctopus
Horrorscension
℗ 2013 BLACK MARKET ACTIVITIES
Released on: 2012-10-16
Auto-generated by YouTube.
You gotta get those numbers up champ
brain expanding metal
metal bands who compose everything as sheet music first and then learn to play what they wrote insteaf of just jamming
How many time signature changes are there in the first minute and a half
This
I've tried to do it
Very difficult
yeah these guys are nuts
I have a riff in I think 23/16
I hit play and instantaneously found out I left my speakers on at max volume from earlier.
Hooooooooly fuck I felt that in my soul
That I couldn't get down
the Warr guitarist in Behold the Arctopus is like
probably one of the best metal producers out there
every single insanely good metal album that makes you go "holy shit this was mixed perfectly"
you look at the recording studio and you're like "oh hey it's Colin again"
I don't like modern metal production
I want to return to the 80s/90s
That was perfect
from the album, "Ithate Thngth Oceate"
https://encenathrakh.bandcamp.com/album/ithate-thngth-oceate
vito: exhale
vito: inhale
nigel: guitar
rick: guitar
coward: drums
sesh: bass
session: bass
vito: cricket
CD available from P2:
http://p2loggia.org/
https://p2omerta.bandcamp.com/
ahhahaha what the fuck
Colin just chilling in the background
I need anything more than https://youtu.be/_duhhVa-dk8?si=JaD7i5JwtBhXYcmj
DEATH - "Pull the Plug - Remastered" from the album 'Leprosy - Reissue'
Purchase from Relapse: http://bit.ly/DeathLeprosy
Purchase from Bandcamp: http://deathband.bandcamp.com
Subscribe: http://bit.ly/RelapseYouTube
DEATH - 'Leprosy' Deluxe Reissues Available Now on 2XCD/Deluxe 3XCD/LP/Digital
Official links:
http://bit.ly/DeathLeprosy
https:...
Death is so good
Provided to YouTube by Roadrunner Records
Stiff and Cold · Gorguts
Considered Dead
℗ 1991 The All Blacks B.V.
Producer: Gorguts
Mixer, Producer: Scott Burns
Composer: Eric Giguere
Composer, Lyricist: Luc Lemay
Composer: Stephane Provencher
Composer: Sylvain Marcoux
Auto-generated by YouTube.
old Gorguts 
Der Bass
Provided to YouTube by Legacy Recordings
The Exorcist · Possessed
Seven Churches
℗ 1985 Columbia Records a division of Sony Music Entertainment
Released on: 2015-04-13
Composer, Lyricist: Mike Torrao
Producer: Randy Burns
Auto-generated by YouTube.
fire music
Provided to YouTube by Century Media
Obscura · Gorguts
Obscura
℗ 2012 Century Media Records
Released on: 2012-12-11
Producer: Not Documented
Auto-generated by YouTube.
this gorguts album is essential listening
how the fuck did they write this in 2012
fun exercise: figure out the time signature in the intro
2012?
Get Morbid Angel music and merch:
USA - http://uswebstore.earache.com/morbid-angel
Europe - http://webstore.earache.com/morbid-angel
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2QakuGd
Apple: https://apple.co/2Jim3RL
Deezer: https://bit.ly/2VYsyz6
#morbidangel #domination #caesarspalace #earacherecords #deathmetal
Gorguts circa 2012 was decades ahead of this lol
Provided to YouTube by Century Media
Sweet silence · Gorguts
Obscura
℗ 2012 Century Media Records
Released on: 2012-12-11
Producer: Not Documented
Auto-generated by YouTube.
0:25
Provided to YouTube by Nuclear Blast
Piece of Time · Atheist
Piece of Time
℗ Nuclear Blast
Released on: 1990-02-01
Producer: Scott Burns
Composer: Steven Ronald Flynn
Lyricist: Kelly Schaefer
Auto-generated by YouTube.
"Overactive Imagination" - Death playthrough by Steve the Master Di Giorgio using the Microtubes B7Kv2.
Follow him on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sdglowend/
Contact your nearest Darkglass Official Seller to know more: http://darkglass.com/where-to-buy/
For more info on new creations visit: http://www.darkglass.com/creations/
SUBS...
Digorgio!!!
fretless gigachad
I like Fatal Illusion and Peace Sells by Megadeth for their intros
Hammer Smashed Face
I'm a sucker for anything with a good melodic bass run front and center even if it doesn't persist
The Trooper
For Whom the Bell Tolls
Maybe not quite melodic but Spirit Crusher
Steve Digorgio
https://youtu.be/hGlcfIL8Q08?si=2M3iPeUnY7fmGEDh
LowDown SDG; in studio footage of Calling bass tracking.
Bass audio and video tracked and recorded by Chris Dugan at JingleTown Studios Oakland California.
From the song Calling by Christos Nikolaou.
Full song: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qlidA9kNgo
I can hear how nice his hands are
Robin playing Deeply Woven from Exivious' new album Liminal.
need more fretless bass metal bands
Provided to YouTube by Atlantic Records
Scene Seven: I. The Dance of Eternity · Dream Theater
Metropolis, Pt. 2: Scenes from a Memory
℗ 1999 Elektra Entertainment Group Inc. for the United States and WEA International Inc. for the world outside of the United States.
Unknown: BRIAN Quackenbush
Unknown: David Bottrill
Engineer: Doug Oberkirche...
More John Myungs
And Les Claypools
I'm doing linear algebra homework and i have no idea why. Just solving for eigenvalues and eignvectors with no actual applications to the real world
When does math become useful
linear algebra is probably possibly the single most useful field of mathematics
that includes eigen-stuff
I wouldn't single it out, but it's definitely in the top tier of general usefulness.
fair enough!
(I’m an LA shill, so please take anything I say about it with a grain of salt lmfao)
LA is great, I just want to pre-emptively push back against any kind of argument over which branches of mathematics are superior to others.
fwiw, I do agree that there is no such thing as one branch of math being “better” than another
but in terms of usefulness (both to the real world and to math itself), I think it’s not too much of a stretch to say that LA is very high up on the list
Oh yes, it absolutely is.
Night!
Yeah, I get it's not great, but maybe treat it as practice drills; LA has a lot of "mechanical" stuff that is boring but being able to work with it efficiently and intuitively is very helpful in the long run.
As for the usefulness of the eigenstuff: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigenvalues_and_eigenvectors#Applications
In linear algebra, it is often important to know which vectors have their directions unchanged by a given linear transformation. An eigenvector ( EYE-gən-) or characteristic vector is such a vector. Thus an eigenvector v{\displaystyle \mathbf {v} } of a linear transformation T{\displaystyle T} is scaled by a constant factor λ{\displaystyle \la...
i love this entire album
do i need to know any prior analysis for Elementary Real and Complex Analysis by Georgi E. Shilov
i only took cal 1,2 and some linear
I haven’t read that book but based on the name I’d doubt it
Typically books outline the prereqs in the introduction though, so just read that
This is not the subject to say this about lmao
I think so too
Multilinear Algebra is the bees knees
No
“All mathematics can be reduced to linear algebra or combinatorics, and we can only solve the former”
Literally the most applicable thing
That fact isn't really being demonstrated in the way it is taught to me
IMO it's easier to have a class focusing on the theory and then jump to applications after
yeah part of the process is to have some amount of trust in feel
Is this pretty much the order in which mathematical subjects were invented not corresponding to their difficulty?
I modified a riddle and am using it in an AI benchmark, but i want to make sure i am right before I say any AI models are wrong, here is the riddle: Imagine a snail in a well that's said to be 40 feet deep. Each day, the snail climbs up 5 feet, but at night, due to a strange, mystical force in the well, it slides down 4 feet. However, after reaching the 20-foot mark, the snail discovers that every foot climbed during the day magically extends the well's depth by half a foot at night, unbeknownst to it. When, if ever, will the snail escape the well?
Does anybody here uses AI for studying?
I can almost guarantee no one you should listen to does
Stuff like chatGPT isn’t bothered about being correct, and for maths, it usually isn’t
use it for math and get wrong answers all the time, great study aid
Large Language models are frequently wrong and never in doubt, which is a terrible combination of traits for a teacher
they're at their most useful helping out with things you already understand and can validate
the less you know about a subject, the more wary you should be of using llm's for help
Yeah, the important thing to remember is they’re literally just a big bowl of word soup, doing its best to throw words together that it believes are in some way related to
There’s no logic there to check what it’s saying is correct or helpful
I’ve heard they’re very good at writing TeX for you though, so at least they have some application
Well yeah, because you can compile the TeX and see if it's what you wanted it to be with your human eyeballs and brain
If we could build like a add on for VS code which just passes off writing TiKz to an LLM id actually use that
Because no one wants to deal with writing TiKz
but when will the large language models become large Laplace models? 
(I'm thinking of Laplace's demon here lol)
To teach you concepts not solve your homework lol.
serious answer: no
virtually nobody
I wouldn't trust a LLM over a textbook to teach me anything
i would even trust a classmate over an LLM
LLM?
But...
Isn't LLM just a data base that give you a resume after it searches in multiple websites...etc?
sadly it's not that smart
or perhaps putting it differently, it tries (but mostly fails) to be smarter than that
it mostly succeeds at sounding smarter than that
Idk man, I'm using Gemini in Computer Science and Chemistry and it teaches me concepts well.
you gotta do you
it's definitely not trustworthy in math, we've seen it time and time again
Not to the level of a teacher but certanly summarize + comprehend 1:30h lecture in 20min.
From wish aspect?
it says flat out false things
not every single time you try it, but i'd say 80% of the time at least
there's a concept called hallucination for AIs
which literally means the false information generated by them
like i just asked chatgpt 3.5 how many isomorphic copies of the 2-sylow subgroup are contained in S4. It gave me a full-page derivation using the sylow theorems and concluded that the answer is 1
(the correct answer is 3)
It's true that LLMs are trained through the responses in multiple websites, but because of that, they may come up with ridiculuous statements while blending all those data.
one time i asked gpt just to give me statement of riesz rep for compact hausdorff space
gave me something nonsensical and on top of that said to use riemann integral
yea, it fails with what are basically simple "go fetch me some info from wikipedia" questions
wtf
it's trained by reading millions of websites, but as anyone knows, most websites with math content have errors...
i can only imagine how bad it is for computer programming
Try it in Gemini.
closer, but still no cigar (and it then says its previous answer was wrong, even though it was right)
let's see if gpt-4 can do it
i keep correcting it with different numbers, in the same conversation thread and it agrees with me every time
ask enough of these bots and eventually one of them gets the right answer
in my experience gpt-4 is a lot better than gpt-3.5, idk about gemini
i still couldn't get it to explain how to compute some probability theory stuff tho
well gemini is the one that said the answer is 4, then agreed it is 3, then agreed it is 6, haha
oh. lmao
gemini seems cool because it has a context window of 1 million tokens
so you can upload books into it
i am doing the lord's work here, training it so it can be more helpful for future users
probably a godsend for saying "write me 5 pages about the symbolism of darkness and shadows in this book my HS teacher assigned me"
man school with ai must be wild these days
i assume the whole model for what counts for grades is gonna evolve
so that supervised exams with no phones will be like 90% of the grade
homework negligible
lol.
heh i wouldn't have minded that for some classes
quite possibly no more essays to write, haha
what teacher is gonna want to read 40 papers written by bots
this would be a horror
a whole generation of students who dont know how to write
judging by the emails i've had to read at work over the years, the previous generations weren't much better haha
LMAO
we don't, but many people think they can do everything
fair
do u trust their sushi
i like sushi so i vote sushi
I vote sushi
sushi it is
aw man i had an excuse to make a poll
sushi man.
Sushi good.
Guys I had a question, is it reasonable to ask someone (more experienced in math) to read over my proofs and check if its correct? I often like to prove stuff that I see in a textbook on my own, and sometimes the proof I write doesn't exactly match with an available thing, but my arugments seem okay.
this happens all the time
what would you suggest?
heyy guyss , im new here , can u guys just introduce me to this server members and everything about server??? '
Sure I can introduce you to all 200000 members of this server
haha , continuee
I was working through a combinatorics book (guided discovery Is its name) and I found group acting on sets interesting and started reading a little bit of group theory, now I just found your blog, and I like it right from the get go!.
lol
ocad food court
try something there if you're ever in the area
it's like a 10 minute walk south from the exam centre. same street
[Question that does not have anything to do with the current discussion]
The tests of the competition for the entrance of the École Normale Supérieure and Polytechnique are over.
I was wondering if there were equivalently hard exams anywhere in the world?
I have a weird unrelated question. How many people here would actually like to just "talk" about the bits of mathematics they find interesting (dumbed down enough for say any ARBITRARY undegrad who is totally not me to listen to?)
people do this all the time, I yap about math I am interested in a lot here
nG, sharp, Fiona and John when he’s around love to just rant about their work
Usually really cool, rare that I understand more than 5% of it
i find it hard to discuss math i like if i dont know the other party can somewhat follow, feels like talking to the void
cool story sharp, i understood the "the" in what you said
Never become a teacher, this is the experience.
I personally love hearing people that know their shit just rant about the stuff that interests them
Even if I can only somewhat follow it, it’s nice to just be exposed to it and sometimes you pick up random cool facts
Any cool Langlands shit
editing my thesis got me feeling like "no cool Langlands shit"
just not fun Langlands shit
I tried to figure out endoscopy for GSp_6 earlier today and I got very confused 
endoscopy sounds like an unpleasant medical procedure
some symplectic stuffs?
yeah
the symplectic group Sp_2n preserves a symplectic form on a 2n-dimensional vector space
GSp_2n is the same but it preserves a symplectic form up to nonzero scalar
the difference between Sp_2n and GSp_2n is similar to the difference between SL_n and GL_n
it's a group that plays a pretty big role in the theory of Shimura varieties
i should probably not spend too much time trying to make sense of symplectic geometry before i have done any diff geo 
this isn't really so much a symplectic geometry thing but a representation theory thing
It is
sounds like the math procedure was aptly named then
I had to look this up and once I saw "Langlands" I just closed the tab. Not even going to bother.
it does lead to very nice things though but yeah it's a bit painful to work with sometimes
it's one of the major things that explains why the cohomology of Siegel threefolds is weird
Those are very definitely words 
I mean do you know about modular forms/modular curves
this is some higher dimensional version of that
if you have a classical modular form (specifically a cusp form) you can attach to it a 2-dimensional Galois representation and this Galois representation shows up in the cohomology of modular curves
modular forms are holomorphic functions on the upper half plane transforming in a certain way under (a subgroup of) SL_2(Z)
you can replace the upper half plane by something higher dimensional and replace SL_2(Z) by a larger group and study the same story
for example if you have a Siegel modular form (specifically a cusp form) for Sp_4(Z) you can attach to it a 4-dimensional Galois representation
and generically this Galois representation shows up in the cohomology of a Siegel modular threefold, which is a generalization of modular curves
but for some Siegel modular forms the Galois representation you find in cohomology is smaller than you expect, like sometimes this 4-dimensional Galois representation is not irreducible, it breaks up into smaller pieces, and you only find some of those pieces in cohomology
endoscopy is what explains this
Based
I just wish I understood more what was happening, but I feel every month I get closer is just another month nG goes deeper into it 
By the time I get familiar with Langlands nG would reach a level nobody could understand what he's saying
It’s hard for me to believe he isn’t already there
What should i major in college if ai will take over everything in next 5 years
Which is safest major
I prefer something in stem
can you not post this every single day
and also not in 5 diff channels at once
Horticulture
Being able to grow your own food and food for others will make you an invaluable member of society
Also, college might not be the best option if your goal is "high paying job"
Look around and see what you enjoy
this
btw brandon
i think like
users here should be informed that this user has been posting nothing but that for like
a week
maybe more
Such is life
How do you go from $$\norm{u} ^2 + \norm{v} ^2 - 2u \cdot v$$ to the cosine rule
Book Reader
uhhh use dot product def
what is <a,b>?
The real question is, how is cosine defined 
use arccos integral definition
Unironically great
Now time to relate that to dot product 
this is how my analysis course defined sin/cos
was fun
which one? 
it didn’t define sin/cos as tan?
BASED
I think we did y'' + y = 0 in class
but, I've kind of forgotten the details
oof
ansatz moment
tfw sine and cosine
mhm
this was basically how we solved all of our ODEs in physics so far 
for oscillations and SHM and such
the oscillations I had an argument with my prof on removing sine and replacing x
mfw when they dont want elliptic integrals
I mean, integrating on elliptic curve sounds rough
weak
mathematically, all physics has taught me so far is that sin(x) = x for all x, dy/dx is a fraction, and every infinite series converges 
.
.
.
Funny chat, there is this weird notion of death
Because it’s akin to like, who you are in an instant
You are often determined by your cognition and decisions which can’t occur in an instant
Like if time halted for all but you for a while, everyone else wouldn’t be “people” as you’re used to
Just stationary objects, a state
You likely can’t “perceive” an instant, only exist throughout time
Death is like the only true instant you can experience, if you can even “experience” it in the classical sense
Like in this case there is an expectation that it would restart. If you were halted, you’d expect a continuance, and you’d be none the wiser to what happened except that everything affected changes instantly
But there is no restart likely at least in my belief, or what I hope is true as the opposite terrifies me
So it’s like, nothing ever happened? There is nothing to experience because you cease to exist. It’s like if time “stopped” forever.
You’d technically “be dead” by almost all definitions because there is nothing to experience, to interact with
so the same as one feels before they are born?
I suppose, but you’d expect some stimulus though unable to process it
and it matters not because that experience isn’t retained
It kind of started with something like Zeno’s paradox
The idea that the time between the “halving the distance” approaches nothing… an instant
But we experience reality by comparing it over time
We can’t process an instant
mhm
We are nothing but an object at an instant
time is a strange thing
though, I wonder
an instant isn't very well-defined, is it?
we can't experience one instant, nor 1 million instants, nor 10^10^10^10 instants
Not in the existential sense
It’s like a different measure
Kinda like measure theory in a way
We can’t experience “existences” of measure 0
huh. that actually makes a lot of sense wth
I guess removing countably many instances from a second removes no time at all
True death, the end, is an instant
We likely can’t experience it, nor nothing after
We can’t comprehend the end, the limit
well there would be nothing to experience
7yh6rtu5f
hey TTeppa lol
I've never thought so much about the discontunity of time right up at the moment of death though
that's kind of terrifying
It’s not terrifying to me
It’s in a way, relieving?
hm
We base our experience on, well, experiencing, but there is nothing to experience
It just ends, nothing more. Like a permanent pause.
It shouldn’t matter
The great nullifier.
The horrifying part is if you’d have to wake up and then experience your death
That’s what scares me
I personally like living
I think either option would scare me, though I think this one more so
So I am pro living
Ever since I was a kid my Christian upbringing made me afraid of living forever
And would be against not living
tbf, I am afraid of living forever too
yeah and if we were all beat by truncheons we'd come up with excuses for that too
My fear of dying as a child was not because of everything ending but having to think eternally
Pleasure isn’t worth the condition, it’s just a byproduct
I don't understand any of this
I like living
I don't expect to not like living unless something drastic happens
I don’t know how to describe it
I mean why do you expect to stop enjoying life? At what year mark will that start setting in?
I am assuming you currently enjoy life. If not, I am sorry for you.
oh I understand this thought lol
I've had it many times before
but not anytime recently
Also. Do note the OG Christians also seemed antideath to me. Interpreting "The last enemy that shall be defeated is death" as anything besides an antideath rallying cry is absurd to me.
It’s not that I don’t enjoy life it’s that there’s a certain draw to the idea that you don’t need to experience anything in the first place
Certainly whoever wrote that was thinking of something different.
Why
I like experiencing things
Because on net it's good
I wouldn't want it to stop unless I was very unhappy
Seems like xela you are living pretty happy life >.>
I was once unhappy enough that the only reason to continue living was anticipation of life getting better, but I think it's very unlikely for that to happen again in the future
I do seem to be happier than my friends.
This definitely used to be false.
I still find it a bit surprising now.
I'm fairly lonely
Oh, may I ask what happened?
I imagine this is just fact of life
Highschool and not transitioning
Hmm
I seem to be lonelier than, say, my friends
Huh, hmm
being alone is generally not the same as being lonely
Pretty clear to me that I am lonelier than most.
Loneliness is a state of mind. People with 0 friends can be not lonely, and some of the loneliest people in the world are surrounded by many.
Ah, I guess you do not have inclination to make friends then?
I see, idk why I thought it's natural to be lonely
even if we've all mostly gone our own ways for now
Ah, well that also explains it
to be fair, this is not necessarily a good thing
In a way I just don’t want to experience anything, like just not exist, not have to experience knowing impending that I’m not going to exist because the anxiety of doing such, the overriding protocol built into me tortures me into compliance. I don’t know if it’s a good thing or not
The daily struggle of sentience 
Yeah, I think it is just a trait
mhm
Protocol of life 
...this sounds bad
my sympathies
i love u @latent edge

that came out of the blue lol
I love u @latent edge

that was more expected
What does this emote mean
meeku
it means
, of course
It means motivic cohomologyeeku
I guess the number of simps has increased
Mom I'm getting popular
Well, aren't you already popular in general
Is deltoid's secret being good at talk or ANT
both
He's good at something 
tfw there is no such thing as introverts and extroverts but merely the observation that "there is a minimum level of social interaction below which people get weird, and a maximum level of social interaction above which people get weird in a different way and these levels differ between people"
I somehow manage to violently swing between both
Fot me, the two levels coincide
I will go from being a hyper extrovert to interacting with everyone to randomly panicking and going like completely dead silent for days on end

So I am constantly wier.. 
hey everyone
ok
so one thing i want to ask you all
how youdecrypt any affine cipher funciton
Frequency cryptanalysis
why is math so hard
real
study more
Mathematics being hard is what makes it good
Thats the funny part
miku
im thinking miku miku oo ee oo
@surreal bison hello my ADHD friend would you have a moment to talk about the attention deficit hyperactive disorder of the brain cells
or any other spazzes I know
Yeah probably don’t say that here
Does anyone speak Spanish?
o
okay
Why is it offensive if I have ADHD too? /gen
i wasn’t aware that the word spaz was considered derogatory
it seems like attitudes differ somewhat between the uk and usa
i mean in general
"im allowed to use offensive word towards a group cause im in it" is just cringe
Yes because it was considered an actual medical term in the UK for a while but it definitely became a slur here
Without even getting into the whole mess of who can/should say it I just think it’s better to avoid saying shit like that in public space where you don’t know everyone
I wouldnt say the f slur here, and people aren’t allowed to use the n word here even if they are black ya know
Like I don’t personally care about the use of the word, but I think for loaded words like that it’s best to just avoid their use in public settings, but I mean you don’t have to listen to me
Why?
Yeah that's fair enough
It's just such casual language to me atp I didn't really think about it
I'll be more careful
Thank you
maybe other ppl of that group dont feel the same as u do
maybe ppl outside that group can still feel uncomfortable with its use
its a delicate thing and might be empowering to some sure
but its undoubtedly inflammatory so when u use it at least consider it so
I understand
I'm kinda ashamed I never really considered this
i mean evidently theres a cultural divide on it as well
Yeah, in my opinion the slur privilege thing only really works when you're among people who also have the privilege.
At least that's how it works for me; I'm gay and I do employ the slurs playfully at times, but only when talking with my gay friends who I know wouldn't mind in that context.
i now realised why i feel no pressure 💀
as i said i learn too quick
the problem with that is:
When learning some topic you go from lowest difficulty to highest
you can't learn exponentiation without your multiplication basis
but when faced with something at my level (say in a hipothetical situation i already have completed addition basics and going to multiplication) i learn everything exponentially fast
right, so why do you need the pressure?
i need pressure to start learning or else i'd be bored
wouldn't being bored make you want to learn though 
every person who has talked to u here has told u to get real and pick up a book
if getting told to stop yapping by every person u talk to doesnt "pressure" u then thats just a flimsy excuse ure making up
get real
The only thing that would exert actual pressure on me would be the exponentials (but as said we can't go from addition to exponentials, we need multi first)
i feel like once u leave whatever echo chamber ure stuck in ull be pressured to do shit to get a job regardless
literally work at a subway
i'm learning matrix but i'm learning too quick and i don't feel pressured 
alr i'll stop 💀
i'll go learn more matrix stuff
Can I use this for 2D / 3D cameras in a game engine?
It will always feel like that
You should look into splines
best way to feel pressure is to not study utill 2 days before an exam
I have, i forgot it all
Great video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvPPXbo87ds
why are splines? well my god I have good news for you, here's why splines!
if you like my work, please consider supporting me 💖
https://www.patreon.com/acegikmo
This project grew much larger in scope than I had originally intended, and burnout made it impossible for me to do more with it. It was already getting incredibly unwieldy, so I apolog...
Yeah it's a work of art
indeed graphics uses many projections
usually in RP^3 tho
to allow for affine transformations and perspective
Image of a person staring at a complicated math problem with a puzzled expression.
Caption: "When you finally solve a complex equation and feel like you've unlocked the secrets of the universe, but then realize you forgot to carry the one."
You didn't notice that you divided both sides by an expression that's actually 0
Thx
I find this meme in internet
Yes, it's not a very accurate depiction of what mathematicians do and what they get wrong
or you made a sign error
can someone help me answer this quick permutations question
Is it possible to make a function with the outputs
1,1,2,2,3,3,..., n-1, n-1, n, n ?
ChatGPT ahh meme
Ceiling(n/2) ?
you dont spend all ur time solving harder and harder equations?
wow
maybe you’re just doing math wrong…
hoMONGUS coordinates
yes. you just did
replace "carry the one" with "forgot a minus sign"
or "forgot 11 minus signs"
famous examples include einstein unlocking the secrets of (the long term history of) the universe
@surreal bison so here are some numbers i dug up:
mathematicians: mean $120,000, but $130,000 for govt employed
actuaries: mean $130,000
statisticians: mean of $110,000
the median is similar for all three, but interestingly actuaries have a much higher p90 at $209,000 vs mathematicians at $180,000
my uneducated guess is that the mathematicians category has a lower p90 due to stricter guidelines on salary for govt employees -- supposedly it's to some extent governed by the General Schedule system, which is capped at like $190,000 only if you're grade 15 step 10 (which i think takes many years to reach if at all) and living in one of the areas that gives you a locality bonus
for quantitative analysts, the BLS doesn't really have a good category for this, so the best i could find was this glassdoor page (which i think is composed of self-reported salaries) which says their range for quants is like $147k-$262k, and an "estimated pay" (whatever that means) of $195k
so, in summary, for mathematicians, seems like the nsa doesn't pay much better than actuarial science if at all? and probably not better than quants (depends if you trust glassdoor)
also there are like, a lot more actuarial science jobs it seems
@jolly junco you might be interested in this too
that said, actually it seems like getting a job as an actuarial scientist is a higher bar to clear since you have to take a series of exams
Most of the actuary exams are scheduled via coursework in university. you probably complete the first third of them in school iirc. You then get hired and take the rest on the job. That’s how I remember it working.
Clarifying: Via= in parallel with
Good applied math, actuarial sciences programs would make this very clear in their dept website.
“Pass exam 5 on the job and get a pay bump” kind of thinking.
I think I was qualified/thinking about GS14? Jobs when I got my PhD if that helps.
That's cool to see and it makes sense, but I'm not sure why quant is so much higher. (Estimated pay is probably the median or something.)
Also, if those salaries are self reported then we should definitely take them with a grain of salt
ehh after filtering for obvious trolls
speaking as someone who has connections to that part of the industry, it doesn't particularly surprise me that it's higher -- bonuses of like 100% of your base salary depending on company performance are common
but if the firm doesn't do well that year, you're out of luck...
I have zero information whatsoever and bonuses like that sound wild tbh
Yeah makes sense. So it's very cut-throat?
Btw if you're on iphone and want an em dash you can hold down the key for the regular dash
from what i've heard, if you're actually the one trading and making decisions, your job is basically on the line depending on your performance
i'm not sure if all quants necessarily have that level of responsibility though
But then surely salaries would be lower for those positions?
yeah, i would think so
tbh i'm a few degrees separated from this industry, i don't have that great an idea of how it works -- i have a few family members & friends who have worked for hedge funds but not on the quant side
my brother is a software engineer at a hedge fund and i think he gets a bonus of like 30% -- i assure you the quants get a decent chunk more than him
but those characters suck and should die
i'm being serious. those and 'smart' quotes
what are smart quotes
Why are there 3 types of quotes!?
ꓷoǝs ʇɥǝ ɯǝuʇıou oɟ ꓵuıɔopǝ sʇɹıʞǝ ɟǝɐɹ ıuʇo ʎonɹ ɥǝɐɹʇ¿ Oɹ ıs ıʇ pısƃnsʇ¿
I think they're the ones that curl facing the text between the quote marks
ah
somehow i managed to read this
i like unicode
just not –,—,“,”,‘,’.
i like the long dashes though
Yeah the dashes are great—even hyphens
horrible
what is wrong with you
i have lost all respect for you
Cbest math
Imagine comma'ing everything like a simpleton
Cbest reading
so me and my friend have conversation about Principle of Explosion and Law of Identity. I said that i can use Principle of Explosion to deny the Law of Identity making it not the most fundamental law anymore but he said even so the Law of Identity is still the absolute law by saying.
"The law of identity is more fundamental
Let's say we have the statements:
A: "It is raining."
B: "It is not raining."
If we assume both A and B to be true simultaneously, we end up with a contradiction because it cannot be both raining and not raining at the same time in the same place. According to the principle of explosion, from this contradiction, we can derive any statement. So, for instance, we could derive "The sky is green" or "2 + 2 = 5." The contradiction allows us to prove anything to be true.
And we can say the law of identity is wrong. but the problem is, for the law of identity to be wrong it will have to be equal to itself to be wrong. Meaning the law of identity being wrong would still fall under the law of identity.
Even 1≠1 would need to be equal to itself to be 1≠1.
Even the principle of explosion needs to be equal to itself to exist.
Even saying the law of identity not existing would mean its non-existence needs to be equal to itself therefore the law of identity would still exist."
I wonder what do you guy think, do you guy think it is right?
I really appreciate if someone can help me with this
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_identity#Modern_logic
Identity is a relation on individuals. It is not a relation between propositions, and is not concerned with the meaning of propositions, nor with equivocation.
So in particular "it's non-existence needs to be equal to itself" is not something that's covered by the law of identity as we tend to understand it in mathematical logic.
In logic, the law of identity states that each thing is identical with itself. It is the first of the historical three laws of thought, along with the law of noncontradiction, and the law of excluded middle. However, few systems of logic are built on just these laws.
so i can use the Principle of Explosion to deny the Law of Identity?
can we use Paraconsitent logic to make a statement about the Law of Identity is false?

