#precalculus
1 messages Β· Page 169 of 1
let me see your graph
change your base to 4
ok
can you explain why we changed (1/4) to 4 (or -4, forgot what it was turned in to )
which exponent ruiling is that
right
maleb1964:
yea
ok, so what if we wanted to go backwards?
then, we divide by x
this means
x^2/x=x^1
and then
x^2/x=x^1$
x^1/x=x^0
$x^2/x=x^1$
Waterblade:
yep
$x^1/x=x^0$
$x^1/x=x^0$
then
maleb1964:
ok well you get it
yea
yep
so we can replace x^0 with 1
and we get 1/x=x^-1
this proves that negative exponents are simply fractions but instead of multiplying we divide
right
so b^-2= 1/(b^2)
yep
I see now
Bc itβs coefficient
idk if i said that wrong or something
No I think you fine
I think you confirmed a mistake when you said show
But I mean thatβs fine
Looking good partner
that's right
Hohyah

Just do it and move on
π
ok
lets goooo
thanks so much
ok
lol
things to pull away from this
- the outside coefficient (2 in this case) will be the vertical stretch
1
- fraction exponents (1/b)^x are equal to b^-x, which is simply b^x graphed across the y axis
WRT?
@clear glade I can give you a complete runthrough of how to graph these
instead of individual examples
that would be nice
ok
so
do u wanna take it to pm?
here is ok
ok
- reset your origin
this means to use vertical or horizontal shifts, if the equation has +2 at the end of it, then move the origin up 2, this will be your new origin
I get it, and I'm guessing -2 at the end of it would be down 2, right?
yes
ill graph an example real quick
the grey one is x^2 +1
the blue is x^2
ok
imagine moving the origin up one
if you're graphing by hand, you can draw an imaginary line to simulate the x axis moved up 1
Ok, undertandable. Since the +1 is at the end of the equation you moved it up by 1
yes
Oh I see
step 2. make your horizontal stretches
this could mean flipping across the y axis, compressing, stretching
2x = twice as tight
1/2x= twice as loose
-x= flip across the axis
alright, those operations make sense
it is the coefficient on the x part
yes
oh ok
the stretch would be a 1/2, which means twice as long
step 3. vertical stretch
just multiply the height of each point by the coefficient
this is relative to the new origin
this will be the k in kb^x
it will be multiplying b
ill do a very fast example, then give you the steps one last time
Alright
@clear glade
the very left equation
- move your origin
I see @rigid sun
- adjust for horizontal stretch
how is sqrt -9(x-5) -7 equal to the left two equations
- adjust for vertical stretch
sorry to interrupt
Althought what do you mean by move it upside down
it means flipped over the x axis
Lol nice
keep practicing more and you'll get the hang of it!
Ok
So horizontal stretch is associated with side? The exponent or the leading coefficient
the exponent
Alright
I see
I think I do
if you finish that, you can always just make up examples, try to graph them, and check them with a graph on the computer
Yeah
π

Well, thanks again. Appreciate you talking your time to help
Gg good night
@harsh cipher sorry to bury ur question, u could post it now so it can be more noticiable to others
lol
lol
lets see if we can simplify ur problems
yes
they took -9, separated it into 9*-1
then they took the sqrt of 9=3, moved that to the outside, and left -1 on the inside
that's why on the top right green one, there's a negative on the outside of the parenthesis
thats the -1
you get that?

so when I simplify bottom left. I should get the equation on the top right
other way around
$\sqrt{-9(x-5)}$
maleb1964:
$\sqrt{-1*9(x-5)}$
maleb1964:
$3*\sqrt{-(x-5)}$
maleb1964:
I get it.
If we simplify Sqrt -9(x-5)
we get 3 sqrt -(x-5)
I don't get it when you say other way around though.
Can i get help with this word problem
how would you find the remainder when p(x) is divided by (x-2)?
just put in x = 2 for the x value in p(x)
yep
the same applies to dividing by (x+1)
you are told the remainders are equal and you should be able to figure the rest out
but Im left with 2 undefined variables
what do you mean 2?
i mean idk the value of the remainder and C
you are told the remainders are equal so what will you be able to do?
or how would it relate
p(2) and p(-1)
god forbid you write a statement saying that two things are equal when you are told explicitly that they are equal
ok but it doesn't make sense to me i don't know the remainder or c i know they're equal but how do I do the equation
what does p(2) represent?
the remainder
what does p(-1) represent?
the remainder
you're told the remainders are equal, what would be your equation
ok but it doesn't make sense to me i don't know the remainder or c i know they're equal but how do I do the equation
do you know what an equation actually IS
π
@frozen needle
lmao wut xd
someone called me "discount tuong"
oh it was @viscid thistle
i might not have translated it correctly into french 
that says reduced priced tuong?
so evidently, i'm discount^2 SA
No it was me 
haha
thats the magnitude of the component of F in the direction of V
@shrewd urchin
do you know this formula
a dot b = |a||b|cos(theta)
they just rearranged it
@shrewd urchin helloo
Who summoned... Oh XD
I'm a bit lost on how to show the work/solve
do you know what function composition is?
Sort of
there is no "sort of". either you know that $f \circ f \circ f \circ f(-2)$ refers to $f(f(f(f(-2))))$ or you do not.
Ann:
ok then I don't what function of composition is
it's not "function of composition", it's "function composition", aka "composition of functions", and you should really go look that up.
t!wiki rational root theorem
rip bot π
its a theorem that helps you find rational roots of a polynomial
Natural question, do you know what the rational root theorem is?
Have you tried googling it, and are having difficulty with a part of it?
yeah its basically P / Q then you do synthetic division till u get remainder 0
i watched some vid on it
if my teacher puts a factored form like this on the test to waste my time im gonna lit her ass up
π
No, that's not the rational root theorem
so, what have you tried @solid reef
Do you understand what rationalising the numerator means?
ive tried to simplify the denominator
but im not sure if i have to complete the square for it
and do the same to the top
i should know this but its been so long
kinda need a refresher
:PPP
@solid reef "rationalizing the numerator" means "get rid of the radical"
what's the way we usually get rid of a radical? well, we square it
but you might notice a problem if we just try and square the numerator
$(4 - \sqrt{x})^2 = (4 - \sqrt{x})(4-\sqrt{x}) = 16 - 8\sqrt{x} + x$
Namington:
we're still left with a sqrt(x) term
fortunately, we have a strategy to get rid of it:
rather than just squaring the numerator, multiply it by the conjugate
$(4 - \sqrt{x})(4+\sqrt{x}) = 16 - 4\sqrt{x} + 4\sqrt{x} + x = 16 + x$
Namington:
because one is positive, and the other's negative, the middle terms cancel out
leaving us only with the squared terms!
ok, thats great, but we can't just randomly multiply the numerator by (4 + sqrt(x))
what we can do is multiply a fraction by 1
this won't change the value
so it's fine
and note $1 = \frac{4+\sqrt{x}}{4+\sqrt{x}}$
Namington:
so
$\frac{4 - \sqrt{x}}{16x - x^2} \ \ = \frac{4 - \sqrt{x}}{16x - x^2} \cdot 1 \ \ = \frac{4 - \sqrt{x}}{16x - x^2} \cdot \frac{4 + \sqrt{x}}{4 + \sqrt{x}}$
Namington:
now multiply.
(and then simplify afterward, if applicable)
in general, "rationalizing" a binomial with a square root usually means "multiply by the conjugate"
Hello! Could anyone answer a graph question for me? I'm still poor at understanding graphs, and now I'm getting to one with no numerical points.
I don't really understand question c.
I figure with a and b I'm looking at the line and matching the x and y, but z isn't on the graph
Suppose f(b) = z
That's enough info to get a numerical value for z. What is it?
b?
f(a)
Means to find a on the x-axis, go up until you hit the function, then find how high you are on the y-axis
So when I talk about f(b), I mean to find b on the x-axis, then go up/down to the function.
However, f(b) is a special case
No need to get too technical. The graph is doing something interesting around b. What is it?
Ah... going through it?
Yep, precisely. Now, if we go to b and go up/down until we meet the function, you've recognized we don't need to go up/down at all
That is, the graph has zero height at x = b
Saying the same thing, f(b) = 0
That part make sense?
Because b is at zero on the x axis?
Nope, because the function has zero height above/below b
This notation is important:
f(location on the x-axis) = height above/below x-axis
Oh... so you're saying that because it's crossing through, it has zero height?
Yup
f(b) = 0
But we supposed that f(b) = z
So z = 0
Now, the question wants f(z), which is really just f(0) in disguise
OH I see... so r, because it also has zero height, but on the y axis?
Remember, when I say f(0), I want you to find 0 on the x-axis and go up/down to the function. Then, use marks on the y-axis to see how high you went
You're right, it's r
That makes so much sense now that you've explained it. So I just go up/down how many marks the x axis did, and find the corresponding y?
Yeah, your graph is essentially a line that matches x values to y values. If you've ever played battleship then you know how this works
Thank you so much!! I appreciate your time and help.

Hey guys I really could use some help on this question. More specially first on finding the function formula for g(x) and h(x)
you don't need a formula for them
also, you are not told to find a formula
@lone prairie
Where would I start on question g. Do I just plug in 3 for x and then ..?
yeah, then..?
,rotate 270
,rotate 180
No good? @stuck lark
@lone prairie well done ππ½
Thanks!
My last question is how would I go about finding g(2) in this situation ?(trying to solve question h)
@lone prairie what did you try?
@lone prairie read off the graph
Use magnifying glass 
I think I would first need to find the slope which I did here. Slope = 3/1 ( if I did that properly?)
no need to find slope at all, just find g(2) and h(2)
Well I know h(2) = 7 according to the table
I'm struggle with g(2) since it's on the graph but I don't know the equation of the line
you don't need the equation of g(x) if you already have the graph of g(x)
I see but g(x) is only shown on the left side of the graph so it never visually crosses to g(2)
for g(2), what x value are you looking at?
Oohh maybe LOl I think I got it. I was looking at the wrong line. G(2) = 4 ?
g(2) = 4 ππ½
God I'm an idiot thanks. So (g + h)(2) = 7 + 4 = 11?
there you go
Thanks a lot for the support ππ
no prob 
hey guys
nm. the answer doesn't use spacing so it confused me.
I answered my own question. π
I'm having trouble simplifying this fraction it goes through many steps
I relearnt all the laws and stuff and I got a final answer of - a - 4a/ 4b+a
I made sure to use difference of cubes and factored out a negative to make (4b - a ) into (a - 4b)
We had a good run
Can someone please explain how to simplify cos(2tan^-1(x))?
@formal siren You still there?
Nah I havenβt yet
@formal siren what have you tried
what'd you try
so what does that give you?
(3x+1)(x-1)/(x-1)
π
it could be said to be its own asymptote, but then again that would be dumb
try adding 1/x to it
yes
Guys, how to find x?
@pseudo sonnet P(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d
if you have positive reals x,y,z satisfying xy+yz+xz = 1
is it true that the maximum value of x+y+z is sqrt(3) ?
idk, is it?
I'm not sure, that's why I'm asking @willow bear
Do you want me to rephrase my question?
how did you get sqrt(3)
Through computer
If you want, here is what I've tried:
you can substitute tan A/2, tan B/2 and tan C/2 to make use of the identity
Then it remains to maximise tan A/2 + tan B/2 + tan C/2
But using CS I seem to get the inequality flipped
@languid dust no.
in all your time here, you've failed to demonstrate sufficient reading comprehension to properly react to people's attempts to help you, choosing instead to ghost them without even letting them know whether you're still stuck or are able to continue the problem.
not once have you responded to a message longer than a dozen words.
(I hope that's not me?)
it's not you.
For some reason, I seem to have proven that x+y+z >= sqrt(3)
Even though Wolfram says that's the maximum
@willow bear im still confused, how does the ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d , help me in figuring out what coefficients are of the equation in order to solve P(-1)
@pseudo sonnet you plug in the values in the equations
i've attempted to help you at least twice before and have not received any feedback at all
if there's something you don't understand then just ASK ffs
but don't leave us all in the dark
@oblique meteor i just tried that
sorry
not sure what to do from here
i dont get the notification
ohhh
if someone does respond bc im working on the question
P(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d
P(0) = d
P(3) = 27a+9b+3c+d
There is a useful hint that all coefficients are integers
Ok, I'm going to ask my question and ping helpers in another channel
Which means a, b, c, d are all integers
So P(0) AND P(3) are both integers and factors of 139
Now I believe 139 is a prime number
,w factor 139
yeah i looked it up 139 has no factors
it indeed is, so you can only write it as 139 Γ 1
So either P(0) = 1 and P(3) = 139 or its the other way round
Now since a, b, c, d are non negative, so which one do you think is larger? P(0) or P(3)? @pseudo sonnet
p(3)
That's good
That's nice. That's your first equation.
Now similarly, you can factorise 689 and get two more equations in terms of a b c
d=1
yeah i was thinking about it and made no sense
It is some factor of 689.
And so is (a+b+c+1)
Both factors are greater than 1 because a b c are all greater than 0
So 1 and 689 aren't the factors at play here.
So factorise 689
Method of elimination
Try doing some operations and eliminate c to get two equations in terms of a and b
the professor's brain to make the solution of P(-1) = -1
ultimate troll
thanks @oblique meteor , @willow bear β₯
Welcome :)
why is ur screen so reflective lol
I thought it was an edit
π
anyway thatd just be x<=-2 union x>=4
$(-\infty, -2] \cup [4, +\infty)$
Ann:
I think it's x<=-2 and x>=4
you are specifically asked for interval notation
are you able to write the blue and the green sets individually as intervals? @analog owl
I think it can
what's it
Yes
(-inf,2)U(4,inf)
ok first off
the problem
asks you
to write
your answer
in
interval notation
and yet
AND MOTHERFUCKING YET
you kept making attempts to answer this problem NOT in interval notation
going RIGHT FUCKING AGAINST ONE OF THE PROBLEM'S REQUIREMENTS
come ON
and second, no, that's wrong too
Calm down Ann
I tried to translate my book
no fuck you @fiery wave i'm not calming down
that was uncalled for
ok
Try finding x2, x3 and you should see a pattern.
I got x2= 1/(a-1) and x3= 1/(a-2)
So x23 should be 1/(a-22)
Which is equal to 1, so a would be 23, but that isn't a possible answer
Ow, I took x23 from f(x23)... Thankd
:+1:
How do you get 2?
yeah how
we just plugged x=0 into g then the result into the x of f
and did not get 2
Digicat195:
Answer 2 is interesting, but how? π€
x-9/x+67 determine domain of x
I made x+67=0
And I got (-infinity,-67)U(-67,infinity)
I got that wrong tho
Why does this have no reference triangle?
What sort of triangle would you draw?
I mean, all of the other reference triangles are right triangles.
With the reference angle as one of the acute angles.
3pi/2 is like pi/2
It'd be 90 degrees.
And you can't draw a triangle with two 90 degree angles.
hi guys
hey
and girls
The square root function, on the right side
the range is y greater than or equal to zero
is that correct?
I think the range should be y is less than or equal to root 2?
Heyhaving some problems with my math he can someone walk me through the step of solving the quadratic word problem
same
Can someone help me understand interval notation
Iβm confused about the ( and [ and the orders
"the orders"?
( and [ mean "exclude the endpoint" and "include the endpoint" respectively.
@glossy jetty?
so you get g(C) then whatever you get there you plug into f() @last linden
g(C) = C/(2Ο)
f(g(C)) = f(C/(2Ο))
yes
thanks
What would be the definition of a βgeneral termβ in terms of sequences?
Can someone quickly explain how to simplify exp(ln(y)/2)
y^(1/2)
Could someone point me in the right direction to get the basics of calculus down? I think it's something I want to learn next, so where do I start?
Like, the most basic, foundation level stuff, thanks
,rotate 270
rearrange then factor out
@smoky fog
Paul's online notes are awesome and cover pretty much everything
Download a pdf. Stewart's calc is good for the learner
And, calc is probably the most covered subject on YouTube. I've heard professor Leonard is good
solve for y
you know how to do that
well y here is f inverse of x but you get the idea
how do i do this question:
Which of the following has the greatest value: log 2 (3), log 3 (5) or log 5 (11)
i need help, thanks
well theres two things, directly seeing how many times base goes into result or rearranging
so 2 to the power of what is 3, 3 to the power of what is 5 etc, ur just comparing the what
I don't understand why the denominator is x-4 instead of 4-x
what is that kind of sorcery
how do I get angle C? 43Β° isnβt correct
43... have you seen the angle...
it's more than 90... why would it be 43
wait that's easy lmfao
Okay yeah I know Iβm dumb whatever you donβt need to rub it in.
find the angle D first there is a big triangle bro
you have two sides with one known angle you can use law of sine
after finding d since it's an isosele triangle (idk the word in english but the two are the same lengths) you can find the angle A
and after you do 180 degrees - A
43.16 is the angle D @rose locust
the angle DA(CoastGuard) is also 43.16
so 180-43.16 = 136 degrees
so I just put the angle in the wrong place i should have put 43 in angle D instead of A
@ripe dust they just factored out a -1
thanks im retard
Peep the numerator
Itβs fine dw
Idk the rest of the question but itβs kinda weird why theyβd do that
it's an iscosceles triangle so it's the same angle depending on if it's the angle a from the right or the left @rose locust
@flint vale it's some limit stuff
because the limit is 4
so x-4
can someone explain why my x intercepts arent on the graph
after i solved them and set them equal to 0
i graphed it on my calculator and there arent any x-ints
what calculator u using
if ur math is correct then it should be calculator settings
use wolfram to see if its there, if yes, then that means ur calc settings wrong
nah dude my settings are right
how come the x ints arent plotted
nvm my factoring was wrong
there arent any x-ints
Your graph looks upset.
hahhaa
hi guys
@patent beacon thanks
Guys how to know if both lines are Identical or not? I know how to get the slopes and then what ?
@hoary valley what else makes up the equation for a line besides slope?
Depends on the equation form ?
that's true. let's go with this one: y = mx + b... what do m and b represent?
m = slope , b is y-intercept
yep, so how can you tell if the two lines are identical?
If they have the same y intercept and slopes ? π
there you go
@stuck lark In the answer sheet it says that problem is "True" they're identical,, but when I solved it I got the same slope but the y-intercept had different signs but the same number
@hoary valley show us your work
no problem man 
@stuck lark If I got the same slope but different y-intercept that means the lines are Parallel, right ?
yep ππ½
@stuck lark What about Perpendicular ? I know their slopes should be like reversed with different signs but what about the y-intercept?
y-int doesn't matter. what makes them perpendicular is that one line's slope is the negative reciprocal of the other
Oh Gotcha..!! β€ β€ @stuck lark
Can someone explain to me what is this question ? I know how to calculate the distance between 2 points, but I don't understand what is (a,b) nor (b,a)
I imagine those are the same points, but going from a to b, then b to a in the distance formula.
Well, maybe the distance formula isn't relevant in this
can tangent exceed the value 1?
what
are you referring to the function?
How do I do $2(4/x+2) + 4$
Waterblade:
is that meant to be 4/(x+2) or 4/x + 2
Waterblade:
$2 \left(\frac{4}{x + 2}\right) +4$
+2 is down there with that x
thats literally what i was asking
sorry
ramonov:
yep
and what are you supposed to do?
it's part of a function composition problem but I forgot how to deal with the fractions so I'm unsure to how to just simplify that expression
can you post the original problem
for this question i would recommend splitting f(x) into 2 fractions before doing the composition
yeh
ok ill give it ashot
I think I got it, thanks.
domain would be x is not equal to -4 if the answer is x + 4, right?
wait nvm
$3^3x = 1/9$
Waterblade:
how would I solve x for this one?
oops, that x should be up there with the 3 exponent
$3^{3x}=\frac19$
ramonov:
yep
can you rewrite 1/9 as an exponent?
can you continue from here?
yea
i don't get these problems
do you know how to set up the equations?
well, let's start by looking at our unknowns:
we don't know the volume of B, and we don't know the volume after they mix together (A+B)
but the volume after mixing them together will be 1500 mL + B
so really, the only unknown we have is the volume of B
I'll use the letter B to represent that
let's try and find something we can compare between the three solutions: how about amount of alcohol? (not concentration, amount)
do you know how to calculate the amount of alcohol in solution A?
i don't think so
solution A is 6% alcohol by volume
yes
Namington:
o
6% of 1500 mL
we can do the same thing with solution B
except we don't know solution B's volume
it's known
so I'll just write $0.2 \cdot B$
Namington:
with B representing solution B's volume
now, the reason i calculate like this is that:
when we mix these solutions together
the new solution should surely have all the alcohol of the two solutions combined
i.e., if we add up the alcohol of solution A and solution B
we get the amount of alcohol in the mixture
so $0.06 \cdot 1500 + 0.2 \cdot B = $ amount of alcohol in mixture
Namington:
so next we want to represent "amount of alcohol in mixture"
this'll be similar to what we did in solution A
wait where did u get 0.2?
ok
anyway, the desired concentration of the mixture is 10%
and the volume of the mixture
i aint reading the problem correctly lol
is gonna be the volume of A + the volume of B, right?
thankfully, we know the volume of A
so we can write that as just
$0.1 \cdot (1500 + B)$
Namington:
and thus, we have $0.06 \cdot 1500 + 0.2 \cdot B = 0.1 \cdot (1500 + B)$
Namington:
solve this equation for B.
ok thanks
Hey Iβm learning Parametric equations and Iβm not sure on this: (x(t),y(t))=(tan(t),cos^2(t)), the questions asks to eliminate the parameter to obtain y=1/(1+x^2). Iβve tried manipulating the equations for x and y and canβt seem to come up with anything. Any help? Thanks.
do you know your trig identities?
Yeah, but Iβm not sure where to use it though?
Nvm just figured it out, thanks for the hints
Didnβt need that one but it got my brain going I guess
Can anyone help me out? I have a problem that says:
John has $99 in different bills ranging from $1 to $10. Theres 26 of them in total and the amount of $1 is double of the amount of $5. How many does each bill class have?
I seem to have made an equation: 1x+5y+10z=26 // 1x+5y+10z=99
but dont know where to go from there
you have the same equation for both
how can 1x+5y+10z be equal to both 26 and 99 at the same time?
what are your x, y and z?
its the same
no it isnt
what are your x, y and z?
thats what the 1, 5 and 10 are for..
so the amount of bills should be different from the amount of dollars.
x,y and z are random variables i created
what do they represent?
if they're the amount of bills
then why are you multiplying the amount of bills by 5 and 10
when adding up to 26?
after all, 26 should just be the total amount of bills
where does the multiplication come in?
there's nothing to explain
so x is the amount of ones
y is the amount of fives
z is the amount of tens
what is the total number of bills?
you have that 26 = 99
so how are their equations the same
no
if they represent different things?
split into 26 bills
the total AMOUNT OF BILLS is not x + 5y + 10z, that's for sure.
yeah i see. x+5y+10z is for total amount of dollars.
x+y+z=26
π
So now I have
x + y + z = 26 (amount of bills)
x + 5y + 10z = 99 (total $ amount)
you should be able to make one more equation
"the amount of $1 is double of the amount of $5"
still cant figure out how to get an answer to the original question
"the amount of $1 is double of the amount of $5"
you should be able to turn this into an equation too
you don't have enough equations right now
to get 3 equations in 3 variables
oh wait
it's not y = 2x
ugh this is why we use descriptive variables
@lyric cliff you've got it a bit backwards
the amount of $1 is double the amount of $5
amount of $1 = 2 times the amount of $5
so x = 2y
(thanks for correcting my idiocy, ann)
Can you help me on polynomials?
How do I find a solution set of an equation using given roots?
I have an example
<@&286206848099549185>
i mean if you know that sqrt(5)/2 is a root you can factor it out
so your polynomial = (x-root)* some other polynomial
it should be possible to factor out an (x- sqrt(5)/2)
and then you are left with a quadratic polynomial
that you can solve

How would one solve x^4 + 2x^2 = 3
substitute u := x^2, get a quadratic equation in u
what rule
arithmetic
idk never done this before
ok i found it
just dont know how to prove it
$a_n=a+dn$
Mat:
$54=\sum_{n=0}^8 a+dn = a\sum_{n=0}^8 1+ d\sum_{n=0}^8 n$
Mat:
Maybe like this you can proceed @ionic beacon?
\sqrt{}
k
maleb1964:
maleb1964:
No.
yeah i was like tf
First of all $\sqrt{x^2} = |x|$, not $x$. Second of all, $\sqrt{ab} = \sqrt a \sqrt b$ only works for $a,b \ge 0$.
nice
if it was a domain error or me being sped
inb4 mathematicians are wrong
inb4 -1=1
Yeah I get it. I was just making fun of the cranks who think they've found a killing mistake in some foundational concept in mathematics.
well
Lol.
@ionic beacon I can already tell the paper is by edexcel
just ask
pre calculus




