#precalculus
1 messages · Page 144 of 1
Really because my first programming language
Was kotlin
It's a new language
😂
lol
ik terrible choice
barely any YT Tutorials
try java coding its not too bad
yeah I might try to finish out kotlin because i found some playlist which goes with my book i bought
they make you start a baby code and then to complex things
yeah good idea
I should probably start with Java
Ditch this Kotlin nonsense
let me see if I can find my first code
to show you
oh
where you a computer engineer?
or are*
my bad.
biomedical eng
simple code, the engine it called dr java its free
Haha
First output
Was good
xD
yea lol
That's chill dude
I'll show you a more complicated one
: D
sure
when you think it will run and there is a compiler error lol
RIP
its a clock
its looks crappy, I did not set the face colors right, but you can change it to lookbetter
Oh damn
All I could understand were a few snippets
Damn that looks hard
How long did it take to complete this project?
I believe he gave us like a week
so you need some math, there is some equations in there
Wait a minimum of 15 minutes before pinging helpers
Oh sorry
No one wants to help me on the step confusion for #17?
I need help finding the angle.
i would move cos(2theta) to the right and then divide both sides by cos(2theta) to get tan(2theta) = -1
For number 2 would it be fine to rearrange the terms before I solve it so that its, x + w - y ?
Instead of x - y + w
if you're asking whether it is okay to rewrite the expression as $$5 \log(x) + 3 \log(w) - \frac12 \log(y-4),$$ then yes.
@viscid thistle
Ann:
I would greatly appreciate it if someone could do this question for me in steps:
42 is a member of the sequence with the rule tn = 12 + 3n Find which term it is
Sequencing fucks with my head
you are in essence asked to solve the equation 42 = 12 + 3n
"this"?
start with the side that looks more complicated, and try to simplify it as best you can
if both sides are equally complicated you can start with either one
How would I know when to apply each trig identitie
experiment
apply what seems applicable. if you find it doesn't work out you can always back up
Oh okay. Do you know any good resources to learn the identities? Since that’s prob the part which is hendering me the most.
hm. i can send you a list i compiled some time ago, though i cannot guarantee that it will be complete
you'll have to wait until i get home tho
"A cylindrical tank standing upright (with one circular base on the ground) has radius 20 cm. How fast does the water level in the tank drop when the water is being drained at 25 cm^3/sec?"
I should use related rates here
V = pi * r^2 * h
I know that, but not much else
Yeah
$\frac{dV}{dt} = ?$
nvm let ann help
shit. bot's still down
okay so you've got two time-dependent quantities here @distant flume
also this should be in #calculus
Alright
I've got a feeling I screwed up here but can't pinpoint where 🤔
I'm 70% sure logarithms don't work like that
they do not indeed
log(a) = log(b) - log(c) does not mean a = b - c
you should instead have gone to e^y = x/(1-x)
Well yeah but I just couldn't find a way ti solve that for x
So x=(e^y)/(e^y+1)?
I feel stupid now
Looks so simple and I've been trying to solve it on my own for way too long ;-;
I'd multiply both sides but didn't figure out how to go from there
Thank you so much
so what exactly is learnt in precalc?
I'm in algebra 2 and I feel like I already know all of the topics listed in the channel description
Take a precalc test and find out @calm tangle
Yeah, seemed to be what I have been learning in algebra 2
@calm tangle read the channel desc for what this server typically considers precalc content
Maybe my school curriculum is different, but yeah I did and thats to be what I am learning in algbera 2
So with half angles
I’m not understanding why
When you say for instance sin x = 12/13
In quad 1
How using the half angle formula would give us that angle
I understand settting up the triangle and such
I don't really understand any of them, but if I could have the first one or two explained, I think I would understand and be able to complete the rest alone.
Usually I can just look at the answer key and figure it out, but there isn't a key for this sheet yet
@lost talon
The 3rd one would be 3tan2theta
Thats the only one i know cuz of what u showed lol
does anyone know what to do with 8b
your photo is cut off, so it's impossible to tell which one is 8b as opposed to 7b or 9b
also, don't ping everyone.
it's disabled, but it's still rude.
@viscid thistle
is it the one that begins "Let f(x) = ..."?
yeah
no, what have you done for 8b?
ok so
It is given that the graph of y = f(x) cuts the x-axis at P and Q.
Ann:
how did you arrive at that?
no, the discriminant of p^2 + 2p + 3 is not 2. it's -8. but you don't care about that.
oh I mean the minimum value of the whole thing is 2
yes, but i'm not asking you that
so the minimum value is P+P=1+1=2
what is the distance between $-p - \sqrt{p^2 + 2p + 3}$ and $-p + \sqrt{p^2 + 2p + 3}$?
Ann:
P+P
??
i asked you a question
I add the two roots
you what?
add the two thingy
do you know how to find the distance between two points on a number line?
yes
then tell me
subtract them
so why don't you do just that?
yeah and then?
well what do you get?
what?
help me
$(-p + \sqrt{p^2 + 2p + 3}) - (-p - \sqrt{p^2 + 2p + 3}) = ~ ?$
Ann:
yes, the distance is $2\sqrt{p^2 + 2p + 3}$.
Ann:
yas
so what's the smallest possible value of that?
yes
what was y'all's answer
SOME SAID 4 AND SOME SAID 2
LOL
actually I was quite close
I just didn't know what to do after I found the two rrooots using the quadratic formula
like i coludn't see it could be simplified to the form in 8a
and then I got stuck
anyway thx for helping 😃
Any idea how to simplify (1+i)^2012+(1-i)^2012
whats (1+i)^2?
Ah I see. Thanks
np
Can I post something that goes into Calculus since it's busy?
@distant flume you can try one of the question channels
Ok thanks
if you had sqroot(50^2 + (20-x)^2) wouldnt the square roots cancel with the squares and would just be left with 50 + 20 - x?
$5 = \sqrt{25} = \sqrt{9+16} \neq \sqrt{9}+\sqrt{16} = 3 + 4 = 7$
Ann:
You've got to point out to yourself which rule you're using at any given moment. You are saying:
√[a + b] = √[a] + b
Which isn't true
In general, there's nothing nice you can do with square roots over sums
Plug in 2 where
for x
yea
now do what i said
plug in 2 for x solve for f(4)
then plug in 4 and solve for f(16)
^
cuz what is cos(pi/2)/1
well, it's just cos(pi/2)
do you know what that would correspond to on the unit circle?
90 degs
The angle pi/2 corresponds to 90 degrees, yes
But i was asking for its cosine
(as a leading question, mind)
Or, to ask a similar question: what does cosine mean on a unit circle, anyway?
Cosine is the x coordinate of a point on the unit circle iirc
cosine of 90 degrees will return 0
@short sorrel I hope that helps :+1:
(im worried that I mightve answered it too late considering that you asked that question last night <<;;)
lol
I wasn't the one asking the question
Lmao
I was trying to lead someone else to the answer
.>
I appreciate the sentiment, though @gilded bolt
yeye! I need to read more of the chat history before saying something
hahahaha namington
Anyone on right now
And down to help?
Depends on what it is

@viscid thistle just post your question and one of our helpers will be with your shortly
Or in a few weeks
They don't get paid
@viscid thistle
YOU THERE?
You there*

What you need fren
can you go to #questionk
Ew double-posting
cos x = x/2 ?

No complex exact analytic answer
I can’t figure out how to prove that -2 to > 0 doesn’t work without using testing point.
@hollow estuary
What? Do you mean you're trying to prove that f(-2) > 0?
(-5,-3] U [0,1) is the part I want to prove
what exactly are u trying to prove
I'm guessing that you're trying to say "I want to prove that (-2, 0) isn't in the domain of f(x)"
Well, let's look at f(x).
There's a square root, so anything under it must be greater than or equal to zero:
x² + 3x ≥ 0
x² + 3x is a parabola that has roots at x = 0, x = -3. It opens upwards, which means that everything between those roots is negative. (-3, 0) is not in the domain
@hollow estuary
Thank you, sorry for being so unclear.
Can anyone explain how I would go about finding the right multiples of 2 pi for coterminals? I'm not sure I understand where they come from;;
What do you mean?
You Know Like How 5pi is coterminal with 1pi
Yeah
Just subtract 2pi until you get a value less than 2pi
same for negative
add 2pi until you get an absolute value less than 2pi
theres your Answer.
-2pi/3
Oooh
add 2pi and u get 4pi/3
I see...thank you very much for your help 😄
np men
hey can anyone help me out ?
confused about vectors
sorry if this isnt very visible but confused about TU + UP + PS
Ah Thank YOU!
Think of it like driving
You drive to school, take a left and drive a block, and then another left and drive back toward home
Would be the same as just taking a left at home
Or going the distance from UP
I see, thanks for the analogy!
Also Vectors don't really have a position(i think?) but it's good enough. ¯_(ツ)_/¯
🤔 wait, they don't have positions
Wouldn't the one above just be twice UT and then just UP?
Wait
Gosh darn it I'm confusing myself.
How are you calculating the Magnitudes?
Because PS might = TU
What do you mean by that, like the lengths?
Oh for this section we are just completing the statements so finding the vector that completed it
Np now I'm confused on SR+ TU lol
Because those vectors are really far apart
oh so it wouldn't be anything as fancy as the second thing I said. Neat
Maybe you can use the idea that some other lengths are known to be the same as TU
Yeah these are the answer ive got so far
Yeah that's what I was thinking so TU is SP
yep
So would that be like RP??
Yeah
Write an equation of the plane that contains the points P(2,-3,6) and Q(4,1,-2) and is parallel to the line [x,y,z] = [3,3,-2]+t[1,2,-3]
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/238956921581862913/562463456670777344/477e7edb6777b7254e707281399edb9e.png
Thats the answer but I dont get it
So first of all you get to ignore the position of the line you’re trying to make it parallel to. You only need the information about the 3D slope. (It helps to simplify the information) because of this, you might be able to picture that since the plane will be parallel to the line, one of the direction vectors will BE the line. (See the answers for that)
Oh
so cant i
just find a vector given the two points
then take the cross product between two vectors
@pliant niche ?
Yeah that too. I was having a hard remembering if it was the dot or cross product
Lol
yeah lol
why is 1-sinA-cos2A/cosA+sin2A equal to tanA ??
$\frac{1-\sin(A)-\cos(2A)}{\cos(A)+\sin(2A)}$?
stephen:

double angle
Can someone explain to me why it's the second graph?
When I did the bx-c thing I got π/3 (0) and 5π/3 (2π)
Well it's the only one that's got the correct amplitude
But what if I were to graph it myself, I would have gotten it wrong
Cause when I equaled it to 0 and to 2π I got π/3 and 5π/3
That's not what any of them say
cos(x + pi/3) is different from cos(x) + pi/3
the one you did on the left should be
bx - c = 0
x + pi/3 = 0 (instead of x - pi/3 = 0)
x = -pi/3
plugging -pi/3 and 5pi/3 into y=4cos(x + pi/3) gives 4 for both, the max on the second graph lines up with that
I know, but where do the -2π/3 to 2π/3 in the second graph come from?
I guess that's just to give you a reference to figure out for what prominent pts lines up with what x values?
though I guess you can plug in 2pi/3 into the given expression and find you'll get -4, which lines up on the graph
you could calculate the limit at ±infinity
If you haven't learned limits get, the "trick" is to divide the leading coefficients of each polynomial, assuming they are of the same degree
In this case, 3/1 = 3, so the h. asymptote is as y=3
Explaining why this "trick" works is best done with an understanding of limits, I'm afraid

I say this because some curricula introduce this concept without formally introducing limits
Which is dumb imo but whatever
lets say line = [x,y] = [3,2] + t[4,2]
find the scalar equation of a plane that intersects that line
guys i managed to make desmos depressed
Idk if this is precalc but I need help on #9
<@&286206848099549185>
,rotate
I suppose this fits in precalc
@grave furnace what's holding you up?
What's the period of this function?
@willow bear Can you help me? It's urgent, sorry for the tag.
We can multipy both sides or bring smtng from one side to another if the value/entity is positive right??
what
$ |\frac{2x}{x-2}| + |x| = \frac{x^2}{|x-2|}$
@serene heath u der??
no: |x||x-2| = |x(x-2)|
does anyone know how to find the interval such that the polar graph is traversed once?
Yes
Yes
what function is eqivalent ot log(logx)?
if there is any
like how can i write it differently
there isnt really a way to write it in simpler form
is this for classwork @prisma prairie? if so, mind giving the full question?
@vestal plaza
Still want it?
@patent beacon yes
how do I do this
I know we have -1, and 3
so should be something like
(x+1)(x-3)
ya
but remember at x=3,-1 it is not defined so
x cant be = 3 , -1
change accordingly !
@vestal plaza you got it now??
no
fine atleast say do you know wavy curve method
((x-1)^2)/((x+1)(x-3)^2)
idk what number goes in the front
or how to figure that out
its wrong
no
fine no probs
you know 1/0 = infinity right?? (or) 1/0 -> infinity
you can see at points 3 , and -1 the graph is not defined or in other words it tends to infinity
thus you can say that at that point/s the function isn't defined
so it must be
$ \frac{1}{(x-3)^n(x+1)^m} $
Radical Ninja:
I have no clue what you are saying :x
yes
in the graph you can it goes straight up which means it tends to infinity or its not defined
and at two points its not defined
they are 3 , -1
yea
so if you put
$ \frac{1}{(x-3)^n(x+1)^m} $
as a trial and error
so the bottom part is (x-3)(x+1)^2?
Radical Ninja:
try to put x = 3 or -1
it will not be defined it will give 1/0
now that you have found the function what is remaining m,n the powers of each term
for that remember
got it??
no problem the problem you guys are taught some shit in a hard way
doing math aint everything in my life and what is annoying that it wont even tell me the answer if I get it wrong, cause garbage program
there is a easy way out there
just study this concept
Wavy curve
after that just by seeing that you can answer
I never heard or the teacher ever said wavy curve
I just wanna know wtf the answer is
$\frac{1}{\left(x-3\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^1}$
at this point, or I am just gonna leave it blank and get a 93
Radical Ninja:
i said wait
yea I put it in desmo
i forgot to do one thing
should be something positive multiplied by the polynomial fraction
Radical Ninja:
not this time its definitely correct
I am sure its not
if you put it in desmos
it doesnt touch the x-axis
top should be (x-1)^2
wait does it touch the x-axis in the question??
fine my brain isn't functioning
just add what you said
i haven't noticed 0.4 and this
thats why i made a mess
exactly that
yup its right

put x=0
thanks for the help
put y=0.4
(in LHS put x=0 ) = (RHS is 0.4)
just put some unknown like K ,N
$\frac{n(x-1)^2}{\left(x-3\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^1} = 0.4$
after x= 0 you get
$\frac{n (0-1)^2}{\left(0-3\right)^2\left(0+1\right)^1} = 0.4$
complicated words = no comprende
yo tango grande pito
please someone
@stable kernel the magnitude of the velocity vector gives you speed
o7
tan(750)=tan(2(360)+30)
oh really? I was about to do that but doesn't that give me x and y as points not as an equation?
also it assumes I can do this without a calculator oddly enough, is that a reasonable assumption or should I pull one out
it says "express in exact terms" does that mean -8.8387blah blah blah or 10cos(210)+10sin(210)i
generally, this one I have here is 281
Wut
What angle
Can a polynomial in intercept forms have imarginary roots?
Pseudo:
@swift glacier
Can someone tell me how do I find the bottom part of the chart?
The y part of the chart
Tag me pls
@valid vector y=2csc(x+π/4). csc(x) is the reciprocal of sin(x), so I would rewrite it as y=2/sin(x+π/4).
From there, you can plug in the θ values and figure out the the sine.
And then for the exact points of the csc graph?
Sorry. Can you rephrase that?
Well if I do what you say I'd end up finding the Sine function graph, right? But I need the exact coordinates for the csc graph, so how would I find those points if I turn it into a Sine function?
Oh. Let me see...
y=2/sin(x+π/4)
For example, if you plug in π/4, you get sin(π/2), which is 1.
2/1 is 2
So, for you original equation, y=2csc(x+π/4), plugging in π/4 gives a y value of 2.
Sorry. Made a dumb mistake there.😫
Does that help?
Oh yeah, it gives me an idea at least. Thank you so much!
I want to say one more thing. For θ=3π/4, you would get csc(π), which is 1/sin(π), which gives you an undefined value. Just a heads up.
csc(x) has vertical asymptotes at x=kπ, where k is an integer.
Ah thanks! That had me confused!
Does that clear up anything? I sometimes get confused when evaluating reciprocal trigs.
It's confusing yeah, but it helped clear some doubts! Thanks again!
@fringe stream What are the rules about pinging people for help?
Hello there. My first post here, so please bare with me. I would like if someone could check my proof and see if it is acceptable for Q92. I'd appreciate it very much. Thanks!
technically, you missed the case a = b
Shoot. So in the case of a = b, how should I go about explaining that?
well, what does max(a,b) return when a=b? and what about the formula?
max(a, b) returns a = b, but I don't know how to write it in words. Suppose b = a, then max (a, b) = max (a, a) = (a + a + a - a) / 2 = 2a / 2 = a = b?
when a = b, max(a,b) = a (you could also say max(a,b) = b; here it doesn't matter)
then (a + a + |a-a|)/2 = (2a + 0)/2 = a
essentially the same thing you wrote
Im trying to find the area of the triangle with calculus. What am I doing wrong. I get 4 but the answer should be 6
where did that integral come from 
that applies to right triangles only.
Is the triganomic Identity Sin^2x+Cos^2x=1
The same as sinx+cosx=1
Just sqrt everything?
no
$\sqrt{x + y} \neq \sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y}$
Ann:
x = 0 
y = 0 
I am asked to find a positive and negative coterminal for 750°. The way I got the previous ones were by getting -360° and adding it with the given degree and then using 360° and adding it. Can someone explain to me as to why this is incorrect?
By adding like I did with the previous exercises I got this.
i dont get how it has to be greater than 1
there is no square root in the inverse
domain of inverse can only be as big as the range of the original function (or smaller)
it can't be larger

hi, anyone have examples I can find about
Convert a polar equation to rectangular form.
@echo plaza you free?
if there's modulus in wavy curve the graph always look symmetric ??
no i actually have this doubt for a long time
if we have function having modulus
the wavy curve of that function looks symmetric ??

can u give an example
if f(-x)=f(x) then its symmetric about the y axis
for eg: y=|x|
$ \frac{ (2|x| -2) ( ( |x| -1 )^2 +2 ) (|x|+1)(|x|-3)}{x^2-2|x|}$
Radical Ninja:
solve the ineq for >0

split it up
i.e. putting + - + - in graph
x>0 and x<0
to find where it is +ve and -ve
2 cases
isnt that always positive tho 
consider when x is positive and negative tbh
its very big
and finally you have to put wavy curve anyways
instead you can directly do that from this step
ya so x= +-1 , +-3 , 0 , +-2
yaa i have done till this step
after this while plotting im confused
you need to graph it?
to find where it is <0 or >0 like that
then how will you??
just check whether the number of negative factors is odd or even
if it's even and none of them are 0, it's positive
you have to substitute ??
no
for each of these 4 factors
find when they're positive and when they're negative
ya next
just solve $|x|-3>0$ for example
CaptainLightning:
add 3 to both sides if you aren't comfortable yet
yes
its not a prob when its the function is normal
but when it has mod in it, it gets weird
it seems we need to check for each term
who can help with precalc?
nice
Hey, im having problems with my precalc for double angle and half angle identities. The question is for a value on sin(∆/2) when i have the value of tan(∆)= 5/12. Im probably supposed to use the formula of sin (theta)/2 which is ±√(1+cos(theta))/2 but i cant for the life of me figure out the steps to get to sin(∆/2) with that bit of formula. Can anyone help with the steps to get to the value of it?
@tall wraith use pythagorean theorem to find the hypotenuse of the triangle, then you’ll have sin(∆)
and you can use sin(∆) to solve for sin(∆/2)
wait guys wtf
i got root2 -1
but the answer is 2 times root2
my integral was
pls help
wait this isnt precalc?
i dont live in america lol not familiar with syllabus sorry
thats fair, but generally, precalc is what comes before calculus
it usually ends at about limits
maybe introduces the derivative but it doesnt go too into depth
hence the "pre"
integration is definitely straight-up calculus
yah, it does vary from place to place
my precalc class introduced ln but didnt introduce e in any other context
lmao
it was basically
"here's ln, it has base e. what's base e? its important trust me but thats beyond the scope of this class ™ "
"but yeah, you'll see it around."
lmao
Pseudo:
Well, I know that. I was just chiding how it was being taught initially. Don't mind my stupidity.
Tbh whats considered precalc varies a lot generally
We didnt do complex numbers or logs until after i did integration
We did logarithms, but not complex numbers.
If there are 2 independent events a and b
P(a)=0.2
P(b)=0.6
What’s the chance that a or b occurs
It’s just adding right? Or do you have to subtract something as well
yes
$P(A \cup B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A \cap B)$
the one n only:
@true rose
$P(A \cup B)=P(A)+P(B)$
Radical Ninja:
Only if A and B are independent
it is given they're independent
thats if theyre mutually exclusive
nah
what is P(A|B)
mutually exclusive doesn't matter here
as long as their probabilities are independent of each other
it doesn't matter they're mutually exclusive or not
Only if A and B are independent
wrong
i think you might be mixing up independent and mutually exclusive?
how is the meaning of "mutually exclusive" not obvious from the term itself, tbh
well
$ if $$P(A \cap B) = 0 $
Radical Ninja:
yea thats mutually exclusive
wait i think im confusing

Multiply top and bottom by eˣ
At what point should I know algebra, trigonometry and logarithms to be able to understand calculus fluently?
@faint mason well.. calculus isnt just algebra, trig, and logs
but you should be fluent in these topics to get a better grasp at calc
I mean, so far, just from vaguely hearing things and watching people solve complicated problems, I have a really really rough idea of the stuff calculus does. (I think)
I think I understand what a limit is, just not how to compute it.
but with derivatives and integrals i get completely lost as to how people got ln(x) as the derivative of 1/x for example
tbh, i think you should be asking in #calculus
#precalculus is just a preparation for calculus, so if you want an idea of what actual calc is like, ask there
Sure, then.
... if no one answers, you could try #math-discussion @faint mason
thank you athlete
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/269573202018041856/567177741347192877/Math_q.PNG does anyone know how to solve thise
25 a
@gilded leaf What is P
can someone tell me how to multiply a 3x2 and 2x3 matrix ?
the same way you would multiply any two compatibly sized matrices?
what is it about doing a 3x2 by 2x3 multiplication that's throwing you off?
@gaunt gate
tysm for the response but a friend managed to help me out
I was just confused on like what was supposed to be multiplied by what in order to give it the proper amount of rows and collums
columns *
lmao
1984
sec^2(x)-tan^2(x)
Has period pi/2
How ?? 
Even it's discontinuous and the holes in the graph repeat with period pi/2
It is a constant function right??
π, surely?
What??
your holes occur at π/2 + kπ
why's that pi in the domain?
So, what would my domain be? x cannot be = 1/2 + n(1)?
Namington:
Dang, that just confused me more.
Oh
'for integer n'
yea
normally there are gonna be pi values
in the restrictions on the domain of tan
but we already have that pi covered
since it's our b value
sure, yeah
Oof, OK
Yeah
for regular ol' tan(x), we get asymptotes when x = pi*n + pi/2
in tan(pi*x), the pi is already there
so are asymptotes are gonna be when x = n + 1/2
as that ends up getting multiplied by pi anyway
I am not sure if I am on the right path for solving this.
Would I find the angle now or did I set it up wrong?
please someone help me with this
how do I find the resultant displacment for this
it shows that its 13 km but idk where they got it form
even when I add all of those vectors i don't get 13
please help
Why is this on precalculus
@full garden because the person walked back 3m, the person's displacement is now 5m (in the y direction)
then you use Pythagorean theorem to find the resultant
@viscid thistle what did you try?
i'm still stumped. i wanna say the answer is always, because in this equation sin(x) = 1/2, but i don't think that's right
if the answer was always, that means for every x sin(x)=1/2
which is not true - counterexample sin(0)=0
it the anwer was Never - that means there are no x's such taht sin(x)=1/2
If the answer was sometimes, that means that sin(x)=1/2 if there exists x that satisfies the condition, but its not for every x
you're welcome!
it helps i promise

HE DOESNT EVEN HAVE THE QUESTION READY
what even is life
,rotate
here u go
,rotate 180
,rotate
o
so.... which problem do you need help with
ok, what's holding you up here?
the question is giving you the graphs of two functions it names f and g
and asks you to find $(f \circ g)(0)$
Ann:
do you know what $f \circ g$ means?
Ann:
ofc
then what's the problem?
what's holding you up, then?


