#precalculus
1 messages · Page 140 of 1
yes
so, how are we going to clean up those nested fractions?
Multiplying x-1
we multipy the numerator and denominator of the big fraction by (x-1)?
yes, exactly
In numerator and denominator
@compact tendon yes i know, i'm asking to teach 😛
$\frac{\left(\frac{-5x-9}{x-1}\right)-9}{\left(\frac{-5x-9}{x-1}\right)+5} \times \left(\frac{x-1}{x-1}\right)$
Namington:
which gives us $\frac{-5x-9-9(x-1)}{-5x-9+5(x-1)}$
Namington:
since the x-1 cancels with the denominator in the nested fractions
and distributes to each term
ok
now, we expand out
-9(x-1) = -9x + -9(-1) = -9x + 9
5(x-1) = 5x + 5(-1) = 5x - 5
$\frac{-5x-9-9x+9}{-5x+5+5x-5}$
and from here we can simplify
Namington:
ok so -5x cancels out
but uh, we cant cancel between numerator and denominator
on the denom
since we cant cancel "across terms"
so does the 9s on top
yea
the restriction?
lemme check my work, one sec
ok
sorry
nah its fine, just gimme a sec
...yknow what?
earlier when i said i made a mistake
?
oh ok lol
$\frac{-5x-9-9x+9}{-5x-9+5x-5}$
Namington:
so where do we change?
this is what it should've been
you're still right that -9 and +9 cancel
as do -5x and +5x
(by "cancel" i mean add to 0)
so now it's
-5x-9x/-9-5?
so we get $\frac{-5x-9x}{-9-5}$
Namington:
yes
yay
which is $\frac{-14x}{-14}$
Namington:
bc the restriction?
but in this example, it happened to
gotcha
here it was just linear rational functions so it worked
and yeah, there is a restriction
we multiplied by $\frac{x-1}{x-1}$
Namington:
Namington:
ok
since otherwise we're dividing by 0!
which wont work lol
so then we have confirmed that f and g are inverses by showing that f(g(x)) = x and g(f(x)) = x.
so yeah, $f(g(x)) = x \forall x \neq 1$ and $g(f(x)) = x \forall x \neq -5$
Namington:
yes, adn that shows they are inverses
Can someone be able to help me in math?
......
Terminal side means the ray ends there
@viscid thistle
So is the answer infinite?
Specifically in this question?
no what you gotta know is that
hang on
lemme do dis
xD k
This nice big juicy loop is the angle
Ok so... the answer is not ♾ ?
So have to use the sin=opposite/hypotenuse
cos=adj/hyp
tan=opp/adj
etc
you gotta find those numbers and find the sine cosine tangent cotant sec csc of that angle
thats a big problem
K. Got it. Thanks.
There is -1 , -1, ♾, ♾
Are those the answers?
well, whats the hypotenuse in that triangle?
√(-7)^2+(-24)^2
Ah. Thanks.
I think I saw a different method from my uncle.
Is the answer 576??
Bro
@viscid thistle
There are six trigonometric functions
Sin
Cosine
Tangent
Cotangent
Cosecant
Secant
Are you aware of these?
Yes.
have you tried using sohcahtoa for these?
that gets you the values of sine, cosine, and tangent
hi, I have a really simple question
how does one get to 1/4?
wouldnt it be 0.5+0.5i?
No bro
Multiply by conjugate
In denumenator 2 times 2
In Numenator is 1+i
Is this clear?
Modulus squared of 1-i is 2 right?
@deft pagoda
yup, did it with the conjugate, I thought you can only use it when dividing two complex numbers
makes sense now, thank you!
Welcome.
Bro
ez
Slope at point = derivative at a point
Find the derivative
Plug in x
Use y-y0= m(x-x0)
ez right?
pls respond if you don't get it
I get that sooo at point = derivative at point
Could you work out the steps of b or c for me please?
Can someone help me with derivatives?
i guess some of it might correlate with pre calculus if its basic
but may as well send it in calculus we will help you
same story as before
(b/2)^2
just gotta re-arrange into usable form
@winged lava
which one is b xdd
the coefficient of the like variable
x^2+x+1
ax^2+bx+c
b is coefficient of x or y
⊂ヽ
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<@&286206848099549185> how do i understand derivitive graphs
You don't ping helpers
by evaluating them
like these
Oh.. derivatives are typically learned in Calculus
im in precalc honors
but my teacher is shit
he didnt teach anything for this
i understand that
In the context of Cartesian scalar valued functions, the derivative is basically the slope
slope of x^2 is defined by y=2x
So when f’(x) = 0 like your first question, you’re looking for a horizontal tangent
when change in y/change in x = 0
what
xD
what does the (pie/2-x) mean?
??
f(x - a) is the function f(x) shifted a units to the right
In this case, it's better using an identity though
plot y = sin(pi/2 - x) & y = cos(x), to see why this is useful
I have to use identity to prove why sin^2(pie/2-x)+sin^2 equals 1
can help me with this one? A friend asked me and i cant figure it out
g(x) = f(x/2 + 1)
differentiation is the act of taking a derivative
kjsahd:
@rare zephyr IKR IT CONFUSED ME SO MUCH

@arctic knoll
use the unit circle
radius of 1
coordinate on the circle for a pt is (sinø, cosø)
definition of a circle is (x-h)^2+(y-k)^2=r^2
unit circle is centered at (0,0)
so the equation is
(x-0)^2+(y-0)^2=1^2
which is just
x^2+y^2=1
for a point to be on a circle, it must fulfill the circle's equation if you plug it in for x ans y
which i think is pretty logical because that's how the points are even defined, how the circle is defined
like how a point on a line must fulfill the line's equation, its y = mx+b or whatever you choose to use
so we have a point
a generalized point
all points on the unit circle are just (sinø, cosø)
of whatever angle you form with the radius and the positive x-axis (the one on the right)
hopefully you already know that, if you've done trigonometry, in this year or algebra
if not that's okay too
just know that it is
so let's plug in our point to the equation of the unit circle
the equation x^2+y^2=1 like we established before
so plug in the x and the y
(sinø)^2+(cosø)^2=1
(sinø)^2 and (cosø)^2 are typically just written as
sin^2ø and cos^2ø
not sine to the 2ø
but (sin^2)ø i guess you could say
like how your problem there has sin^2(pi/2 - x)
so there we go
sin^2ø + cos^2ø = 1
and this is called the Pythagorean Identity (bc it comes from the pythag theorem)
now, I could have just told you that
given you that equation
and it might have been a lot faster and probably less confusing (becaude that wasn't a good explanation -- look up "pythagorean identity proof" for a better explanation if you want)
your problem has a sin^2ø, which made that immediately jump out to me
because it usually relates to that
now, i don't have time to prove it rn
but sin(ø) is just equal to cos(90°-ø)
and likewise cos(ø) is just equal to sin(90°-ø)
look it up for a good proof (it's simple)
pi/2 is a value in radians we assume because it doesn't say degrees and we're dealing with trig functions that you put angle measures into
how do we convert radians to degrees?
if you've done radians yet (which i also hope you have but possible that you havent)
pi radians = 180°
so what's pi/2 radians equal to?
well just divide both sides of that conversion equation by 2
pi/2 radians = 180/2 degrees
pi/2 radians = 90°
!!!
90°
what did we say earlier relating to 90°?
cosø = sin(90°-ø)
so substitution
cosø = sin(pi/2 radians - ø)
now what does that look like?
err, isn't it the other way around?
sin x = cos(90 -x)
i thought the same
but it's both
sin(40) = cos(50)
sin(60) = cos(30)
im pretty sure
we just went over ir yesterday in geometry class (already knew though, and only ever learned the way youre sayinf)
sin(60) = sqrt(3)/2
cos(30) = let me grab a calculator
cos(30) = 0.86602540378
but theyre complementary functions so they should be
yup
i can tell by that
bc sqrt(3) is like 1.7
Same as sqrt(3)/2 :p
yup
i get why you thought i goofed it though
i thought same when teacher said
pretty cool I think how it is that way
so anyway
cosø = sin(pi/2 radians - ø)
go back to your problem, and look at the first term there
doesnt that look awfully familiar?
ø is just x for angles as I'm sure you know, but x works too
cosx = sin(pi/2 rad - x) (rad is just short for radians and im lazy somerimes)
sin(pi/2 rad - x) = cos(x) (I just flipped it to make it easier)
but wait
the first term there has a sin^2
not just sin
so lets square both sides
sin(pi/2 rad - x)^2 = cos(x)^2
same equation as you know
oh and
lets make that smoother by just saying sin^2 blah blah instead of sin(blah blah)^2
so sin^2(pi/2 rad - x) = cos^2(x)
back to that circle stuff from before
remember the identity
the Pythagorean identity (always italicize that or you're lame)
sin^2(ø) + cos^2(ø) = 1
so sin^2(x) + cos^2(x) = 1
back to your problem
- Pythagore *
lmao
back to your problem again
we found what sin^2(pi/2 rad - x) is equal to
it's equal to cos^2(x)
so plug that in
and we've got cos^2(x) + sin^2(x) = 1
now wait a second
you can add in any order so flip those
sin^2(x) + cos^2(x) = 1
that's just the Pythagorean identity!!!
so that's going to hold true for any x!
don't forget where that identity came from
if i make any angle within the unit circle
it has to satisfy that identity, as proven earlier
and i can make any angle given 2 segments
therefore
that equation holds true for any angle
aka any ø
aka any x
...so, sorry, what is your problem even asking?
to find x?
because that works for any x
i'd just write "all real numbers"
or -infinity < x < infinity
maybe theyrr trying to teach you the Pythagorean identity before they actually teach or something, or just remind you of it
or maybe you already solved this problem hours ago and didn't need my lengthy explanation for something simple that could've been said in 4 lines
like "sin^2ø + cos^2ø = 1; cos(ø) = sin(90- ø); 90° = pi/2 rad; cos(ø) = sin(90-ø); your equation is just equal to the Pythagorean identity"
but then you wouldn't've learned anything, would've you?
and that wouldnt be any fun
or maybe you already knew all that
and maybe i havent been of much help
but i think that wasnt the worst explanation of how to answer a problem like that and prove a few things, so it was worth the time
let me know if you got that or the problem
oh you said what the problem was asking for
to prove that equation using the Pythagorean identity
well there you go, then
that's a proof
the most obvious and clearest (aka the only) proof that I know
no
no
guys how do we find the function of this graph where t=90
or more specifically how do i find the stretch of horizontal and vertical
What's the reference function?
base case is trivial
so assume its true for n
we now prove it true of n+1
$1\times 2\times\cdots\times (4n-2)\times (4n)\times(4n+2)=4n\times(4n+2)\frac{(2n)!}{n!}$
rockpaperscissors:
What how
replace n with n+1 on the lhs
Okay
then you know by the induction hypothesis that everything until 4n-2 is (2n)!/n!
Yes
youll need to divide by n somewhere
Wait shouldnt i find a way to divide by (n+1) somehwere along the way?
yeah sorry thats what i meant
Okay
wait a min wut the heck
(2n+1)(2n+2)/(n+1)=2(n+1)(2n+1)/(n+1)=4n+2
but we have 4n*(4n+2) on the rhs
sumting wong
Wait what

seems so
Is it still a vertical asymptote if it gets factored out?
no
thanks
,rotate 90
,rotate 180
...are you sure you've posted the right picture
the picture was well rotated originally wdym
oh
jeez, i got way distracted by those bullet points
those could have been cropped out...
(black rock could have written on a proper sheet also :/)
so what are you trying to do?
I cant figure this problem out, and I keep getting it wrong and the video doesnt help at all
A polynomial is factored in terms of its zeroes. The shape of the zero determines the power of the factor.
x²(x + 2)³
,ask graph x^2 (x + 2)^3
You can see the root at -2 "looks like" a cubic, and 0 looks like a quadratic
I know that if its like (x-a)^3 it should pass through the x-axis while if its cubed it would slightly touch it right?
,ask graph (-2)^2*(x+2)^3 and x^2*(x+2)^3
@vestal plaza like that

Note how similar these graphs are at x=-2
dwai
,ask graph x^2*(0+2)^3 and x^2*(x+2)^3
And notice how similar these two are at x=0
I cant see the graph still ;w;
dwai
sure that works
what base is the log
no its fine
log is precalc
yea now isolate x
you have just x on one side
and numbers on the other
nope
get rid of that log first
use the fact that $b^{\log_{b}(x)}=x$
lemon catto:
e^2x - 3e^x - 40 = 0
looks oddly like a quadratic doesn't it?
if you're only looking for real answers throw it away yes
^
i guess he don't want them tho especially if you haven't studied complex numbers a bit in depth
but then 🤷
Yea that's a bit of an oversimplification of it all @viscid thistle
tbh no
5.5 wut
wot
The following error occured while calculating:
Error: (intermediate value)(intermediate value)(intermediate value) is not a function
,w eval log(1316.53/1000)/5
@spring thunder
,calc log(1.31653)/5
Result:
0.054999897477847
same answer 
😊
inverse of f(x)=5^(x+2)-7
Looks right to me
base 5 log ---- log(x+7)-2=y
log_5
@willow bear is that the proper format?
it's the most common
alright thanks
_ for subscripts is de facto standard
What do you mean by "infinite solutions" ?
"i mean, if yoh wanna talk logs in C, e^z = 8 has infinitely many solutions"
$\forall n\in\bbN,\ \exp(\ln(8)+2in\pi)=8$
Tuong:

exp? n?
cant n be negative too?
sorry i dont calc yet
Yeah, it also work for n in Z too
exp is just the exponential function
Yea, the exponential function
like 2^x
havent learned that yet
so
e^ln(8) = 8 yeah
is part of that relating to circumfetence of a circlen
?
bc 2pi
i mean pi so yes ofc it is
but like, how is that equation derived
i dont understand any more than i dod before
that just seems like ln(8) + (number that = 0) = ln(8)
it's ln(8) + some argument that's congruent to 0 mod 2π
Are you familiar with exp(iθ) = cos(θ) + i sin(θ)?
no, not yet
all i know about complex is the very basics
arithmetic with thwm
and I'm aware that theu do a bunch of interesting things
like e^ipi = -1 iirc
Well then be aware of
e^ipi = i^2 kek
$e^{i\theta} =\cos(\theta) +i\sin(\theta) $
Tuong:
for all θ in R
try to simplify the term by distributing it to 4 and x seperately
first of all you know that (x^a)^b = x^(a*b)
right?
x has to be greater than 0 because u cant have ngative root
but it also cant be -4 or =6 because u cant divide by 0?
no x+1 has to be >0
>=
no it's the thing inside the root that has to be >=0 as lemon said
x+1>=0 <=> x >= -1
yea
thank u! precalc hurts my brain

complex*
Why?
Yeah it is
If you want to be insanely pedantic like @royal gull then it's complex too
yeah thats qhat i thought
Pseudo:
ye
With a real and an imaginary component
But you can be really pedantic and be that guy who says that's complex because a=0
Or real numbers are complex just b = 0
It's not wrong
But don't be that guy
that's the tea sis 🍵 💅

https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/asymptote.html
I mean, what questions do you have?
guys I need help with a question
it says sketch the graph of an exponential function that satisfies the condition of y-intercept 5
how do I do that
What does an exponential curve look like?
it doesnt show any graphs
it just asks sketch the graph of an exponential function that satisfies the condition of y-intercept 5
I know
But you should know how an exponential curve looks
And some of their characteristics you can manipulate
That's not really useful information
Have you ever seen an exponential graph?
@full garden
yes
So you know the shape of it?
i just dont know how to solce this question in paricular
And how it should look?
Pseudo:
Pseudo:
So we've got to apply some sort of transformation to our function
To make f(0)=5
Following?
@full garden 
yes bro
Pseudo:
So that the RHS is 5
MrMeltzFTW:
f(0) = 1
cant you just
multiply both sides by 5
or i guess tou could add by 4
that'd probably be smarter
though both would be true
if it's exp(), then that'd be 5e^x
i am not confident with those stuff man
ya
...i'd highly recommend brushing up on your algebra if you're in pre-calc
books and/or sites and videos like Khan Academy
are you doing calc next year?
oh nice
solving problems just on your own time?
ya i bought the book from friend
oh thanks man
now I'm skipping algebra II and learning calculus on my own
you'll get there
anything's possible with work and effort
and time
so
ya they said calculus was beautiful
would you say khan acadamy is a good source?
omg definitely
i actually just said it haha
i use it for algebra II, pre-calc, and calc
have found it to be very helpful
just make sure you go back and review stuff
yup will follow your advice bro
because it's easy to just keep going and not revuew the old
and then you forget it
you asked what i did
yup your 100% correct
to get good at maths
so how did you get good
in fact i elected ti have him 2 years in a row
but i think it was a lot of my efforr as well
your grade 11?
thats true
had him last year and have this year
so
for one, i made sure to always pay full attention in class, and do all the homework, thoufh that's obvious
always make sure to ask questions, as well
if somethinf seems even vaguely confusinf ask
it's what they're there for
second
khan academy and videos were actually all that I used, but if your teachers really aren't good I'd recommend picking up a textbook as well
i hope when I get to grade ten i become a lil like you
this site Art of Problem Solving is also good at explaining stuff, and has a lottt of good practice problems
haha, hopefullt
is photomath good?
you will I'm sure
I'm worse than I seem -- i just speak confidently, and make sure I know what I'm talking about
uh
never used, but heard of it before
most resources are good
hard to have too many, as long as you commit to improvement
and really strengthen and make sure your foundations are good, before moving on to learning too many new things
yup
like don't move on to the next unit in khan academy yet if you don't get like at least an 80% or whatever you consider mastery on a unit test
i 100% agree
keep reviewing and honing your skills
bro just a small question
yeah?
what are the trigonometric functions used for
cuz i find them quite weird
we're actually on the unit rn in geometry
for calc?
ya
i haven't gotten to trig in calc yet
oh
but i do know some identities and stuff
there's a few different definitions for the trig functions
thats astonashing
on the internet ppl say its an introduction to quantum physics
lmfao what
or like a tool
no like sin graphs
oh you did
trig functions
i mean
they're important
but just as adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing are fundamental to calculus
to all of math
trig functions aren't that hard once you take some time to learn about them
he said they're used to calculate how likely an electron is to transfer from atoms
no idea, but sounds like field stuff in physics
we have a tendency to make stuff sound overcomplicated
that is so true
i read something once, "if a calculus textbook didn't have the word 'calculus' on it, 10x more people would pick it up"
oh alsi
let's go to #chill
because you're not supposed to talk much in the help channels
nah it's okay
you were askinf a question and i answred it, and it just went from there
@full garden That doesn't have a y intercept of 5
even like 90%
for khan academy it should be 100% every time honestly
since the questions they ask aren't really tricky

Hey, anyone know anything about Cramers rule?

thanks
The following question I'm looking at is to solve using Cramer's Rule, so it involves:
3x + 2y = 7
2x + 3y = -2
And so far, I made the augmented matrix:
2 3 | -2
@viscid thistle just apply the rule?
Do you know what the rule is?
Can you take determinants of 2x2 matrices?
Ann:
the circle is composition
so what does that mean?
have you heard the term "function composition" before
Or compound function?
ye just googled it, thanks for the term
just a way of writing f( (g(x) )
so two functions are equal if their domains are, but is it also:
Kinda? If f is only defined on [-1, π) and g is defined for all R, they're only equal on that domain where both are defined, like the pic says.
this is the entire question
this is the only thing left to understand, can someone tell me what to look up to find a video explaining this?
the condition f(x) = g(x) for all x in their (shared) domain
well
that is equality
if it's violated then the functions differ on at least one input
and so it wouldn't make any sense to declare them equal
thank u! @willow bear
,$ y=3^-0.5x-1 -5
MrMeltzFTW:
guys i need help with a question
the temperature, T, in degrees Celsius, of a cooling metal bar after t minutes is given by T(t)=20+100(0.3)^0.2t
c) How long will it take for the temperature to be within 0,1 Celsius of the value of the asymptote?
how do I do that
ok I got this equation
20+100(0.3)^0.2t = 20.1
100(0.3)^0.2t = 0.1
is there a way i can solve this without log?
,$ 100(0.3)^0.2t = 0.1
MrMeltzFTW:
he temperature, T, in degrees Celsius, of a cooling metal bar after t minutes is given by T(t)=20+100(0.3)^0.2t
c) How long will it take for the temperature to be within 0,1 Celsius of the value of the asymptote?
how do I do that
ok I got this equation
20+100(0.3)^0.2t = 20.1
100(0.3)^0.2t = 0.1
is there a way i can solve this without log?
,$ 100(0.3)^0.2t = 0.1
so I am trying to solve for C
c) How long will it take for the temperature to be within 0,1 Celsius of the value of the asymptote?
and I got this question when I was trying to solve it
20+100(0.3)^0.2t = 20.1
100(0.3)^0.2t = 0.1
and I tried it on photomath
but it can't solve it
So this is your curve
You want to solve it using logs
,$ 100\left(0.3\right)^{0.2t}+20=1
Pseudo:
Pseudo:
That's the principle
Might wanna learn about logs before doing questions reliant on logs
i mean like
I dont know why the book would give me a log question if i didn't get logs yet
is logs gr 12?
No I believe it is grade 11.
i was loking for it in the book and I didn't find it
I'm gonna be honest with y'all I'm in second year and I don't remember the Log rules, only ln lmfao
I would just search them up and learn them tbh @full garden
khan Acadamy?
Yessir
thank you sir
hello guys please i need someone help
I got the equation of y=250(1/2)^x
how do I answer this question
C) how long will it take for the sample to decay to 20% of its initial mass?
yes i am here
you need to find at what value x is 250(1/2)^x = (20% of 250)
find 20% of 250
which I'm assuming you know how to do
yes
then solve for x
50?
yep
so 50 = 250(1/2)^x
probably a good idea to simplify and get it down to 0.2 = (1/2)^x
now use logs and solve
yes bro
the things
is
I dont know how to use logs or what they are composed of
I still didn't see a lesson ab them
oh
that makes things complicated
because unless you're allowed to use a calculator
logs are how you'll have to solve this
if you are allowed to use a calculator
graph each side of the equation
sorry I mean i can
and find the point where they intersect
is that a good idea
that sounsd rational but too hard
is there a way to guess the approx value @small grail
well it's between 2 and 3
(1/2)^2 > 0.2 > (1/2)^3
how did you know @spring thunder
ah eyah lel
yeah anyway @full garden since 0.2 is in between 0.25 and 0.125, x has to be between 2 and 3
but your teacher or whomever you're doing the problem for
is probably expecting a more precise answer
in which case you'd have to use logs or a graphing calculator
alors comme ça tu es @full garden
oh la la
oh la la le francais
qu'est-ce qu'on va faire
hon hon hon baguettes baguettes baguettes
too many french fags in here 
je vais bien et vous
ça va lel
Je déteste l'anglais
ya rip
rip the honor of 8bit
yeah that was kind of an oof
Crois tu en la vie après la mort?

grade
oh
in france it's grade 11-12 lel
idk how schools work wherever you are but I learned logs in Alg II
I took that class in 9th grade
idek man
bc I am not following canada's stupid ass education system
this is why you should vote for bloc Québécois
but the thing is, at least where I'm from, precalculus expects logs to be understood
is it needed for trigonometric functions?
yeah trig and logs are separate dw
are logs hard?
no
to comprehend
they're just a bit weird at first but if you understand exponents and stuff logs should be easy
no
basically
first off
when you use logs
it's always with a base
so like
idk how to format this in latex
but logbase b (49) = y
means
$\log_7(49)$
emeric75:
how did you do that
i called gods to teach me
$\log_7(49) = y$
oh
8BitRobot:

